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Pinus Albicaulis, P. Balfouriana, P. Flexilis

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Pinus Albicaulis, P. Balfouriana, P. Flexilis National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Monitoring White Pine (Pinus albicaulis, P. balfouriana, P. flexilis) Community Dynamics in the Pacific West Region - Klamath, Sierra Nevada, and Upper Columbia Basin Networks Narrative Version 1.1 Unpublished Protocol Revision Update April 2013 ON THE COVER From left to right, limber pine (Pinus flexilis) along the edge of a lava flow, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, Idaho (NPS photo courtesy D. Stucki); whitebark pine (P. albicaulis), Yosemite National Park, California (NPS photo courtesy S. T. McKinney); and foxtail pine (P. balfouriana), Sequoia National Park, California (NPS photo courtesy S. T. McKinney). Monitoring White Pine (Pinus albicaulis, P. balfouriana, P. flexilis) Community Dynamics in the Pacific West Region - Klamath, Sierra Nevada, and Upper Columbia Basin Networks Narrative Version 1.1 Unpublished Protocol Revision Update April 2013 Shawn T. McKinney Kathi Irvine National Park Service Montana State University Sierra Nevada Network Department of Mathematical Sciences Tom Rodhouse Sean Mohren National Park Service National Park Service Upper Columbia Basin Network Klamath Network Les Chow Dennis Odion National Park Service National Park Service Sierra Nevada Network Klamath Network Alice Chung-MacCoubrey Daniel Sarr National Park Service National Park Service Sierra Nevada Network Klamath Network Gordon Dicus Leigh Ann Starcevich National Park Service Oregon State University Upper Columbia Basin Network Department of Statistics Lisa Garrett National Park Service Upper Columbia Basin Network Unpublished Protocol Revision Update April 2013 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate high-priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. This report received formal, high-level peer review based on the importance of its content, or its potentially controversial or precedent-setting nature. Peer review was conducted by highly qualified individuals with subject area technical expertise and was overseen by a peer review manager. Views, statements, findings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this report do not necessarily reflect views and policies of the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. Government. This report is available from the Upper Columbia Basin Network website (http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/units/ucbn/), the Sierra Nevada Network website (http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/units/sien/), the Klamath Network website (http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/units/klmn/), and the Natural Resource Publications Management website (http://www.nature.nps.gov/publications/nrpm). Please cite this publication as: McKinney, S. T., T. Rodhouse, L. Chow, A. Chung-MacCoubrey, G. Dicus, L. Garrett, K. Irvine, S. Mohren, D. Odion, D. Sarr, and L. A. Starcevich. 2013. Monitoring white pine (Pinus albicaulis, P. balfouriana, P. flexilis) community dynamics in the Pacific West Region - Klamath, Sierra Nevada, and Upper Columbia Basin Networks: Narrative version 1.1. Unpublished protocol revision update, April 2013. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. April 2013 ii Change History Original Date of New Revised By Changes Justification Version # Revision Version # Necessary to address General updates, revisions, and changes and clarifications to sections including plot UCBN, concerns from 1.0 April 2013 setup, measurement of response variables, 1.1 KLMN, SIEN networks pertaining and field safety. Document showing all to narrative and tracked changes available on UCBN server. SOPs. 1. Version numbers increase incrementally by tenths (e.g., version 1.1, version 1.2, …etc) for minor changes. Major revisions should be designated with the next whole number (e.g., version 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 …). Record the previous version number, date of revision, author of the revision, identify paragraphs and pages where changes are made, and the reason for making the changes along with the new version number. 2. Notify the Network Data Manager of any changes to the Protocol Narrative or SOPs so that the new version number can be incorporated in the Metadata of the project database. 3. Post new versions on the internet and forward copies to all individuals with a previous version of the Protocol Narrative or SOPs. A list will be maintained in an appendix at the end of this document. iii Contents Page Figures............................................................................................................................................ ix Tables ............................................................................................................................................. xi Appendix ........................................................................................................................................ xi Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... xiii Acknowledgments......................................................................................................................... xv Background and Objectives ............................................................................................................ 1 Rationale for Monitoring White Pine Species in the Pacific West Region ............................. 1 Taxonomy, Distribution, and Ecology of Whitebark, Limber, and Foxtail Pines ................... 3 Whitebark Pine.................................................................................................................... 3 Limber Pine ......................................................................................................................... 4 Foxtail Pine ......................................................................................................................... 5 History of Inventory and Monitoring Five-Needle Pines in the Pacific West Region ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Klamath Network ................................................................................................................ 6 Sierra Nevada Network ....................................................................................................... 8 Upper Columbia Basin Network ....................................................................................... 10 Rationale for a Three Network Approach to Monitoring White Pine Species ...................... 10 Project Goal and Problem Statements ................................................................................... 12 Long-Term Monitoring Objectives........................................................................................ 12 Management Actions ............................................................................................................. 13 Sampling Design ........................................................................................................................... 15 Sampling Design Rationale ................................................................................................... 15 Target Population, Sampling Frames, and Location of Plots ................................................ 15 v Klamath Network Sampling Frames ................................................................................. 16 Sierra Nevada Network Sampling Frames ........................................................................ 16 Upper Columbia Basin Network Sampling Frame ........................................................... 16 Sample Size and Timing of Sampling ................................................................................... 24 Klamath Network Sample Size and Revisit Design ......................................................... 24 Sierra Nevada Network Sample Size and Revisit Design ................................................ 24 Upper Columbia Basin Network ....................................................................................... 25 Sample Size Calculations ...................................................................................................... 25 Response Design .................................................................................................................... 29 Sample Unit ...................................................................................................................... 29 Plot Measurements
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