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Exception for St. Knowledge Only LAND- ANI) FRESHWATER MOLLUSCS etc. 177 NOTE XVIII. The Land- and Freshwater-Molluscs of the Dutch West-Indian Islands BY Dr. J.H. Vernhout As I stated in the non-marine Molluscs of my paper on Surinam (p. 1 of this volume), our knowledge of the Mollusc-fauna of the Dutch colonies in America is only little. In that I all that is very paper exposed known, up to the present time, of the non-marine shell-bearing molluscs of Surinam; at present I will do the same with regard to the other Dutch colony in America, viz. the colony of Curaçao. of small all This colony consists of two groups islands, in the placed under one Governor, residing principal island the Curaçao, which has given its name to whole colony. One the of consists of the group, near coast Venezuela, islands Aruba, Curaço, Little Curaçao, Bonaire and Little The situated in the northern Bonaire. other group, part of the chain of the Lesser Antilles, comprises the small islands St. Eustatius, Saba and St. Martin; the latter only partly, viz. the south of the island, the northern part belonging to France. When I said that little is known about the land- very and freshwater molluscan fauna of our West-Indian islands, I ought to have made an exception for St. Martin. In his land- and freshwater-molluscs of and paper on Guadeloupe de Conch. II. Maze its dependencies (Journ. 38, p. 19), of freshwater-molluscs of gives a catalogue the land- and St. Martin, with carefully stated localities, lie enumerates Notes from tlie Loytlen Museum, Vol. XXXVI. 12 178 LAND- AND FRESHWATER MOLLUSCS 48 species from that small island. There is no reason to expect that the other islands, some of them moreover being larger than St. Martin, should be in a much worse condition for molluscan life than this is.land. It is only the want of carefully exploring the islands, that accounts for the small number of molluscs recorded from them. It is much to be regretted that the Leyden Museum 9 of the land- and freshwater-molluscs possesses only species of the Dutch West-Indian islands, 7 of them from Curasao far I 1 (4 however new for that island, so as know), from Bonaire, and 1 from St. Martin. of the terrestrial and fluviatile In order to get a survey molluscs, at present recorded from the Dutch islands in West-India, I have compiled the following lists, giving for each island the molluscs hitherto known. Well stated which the various have localities on the islands, at species been collected, are wanting in most cases. St. Martin only favorable in this is making a exception respect. I have list of the in which I found added a papers, the mentioned molluscs, as inhabiting the different islands. Many references in this Bibliography are second-hand, owing that the of the Museum to the fact library Leyden pos- and with sesses only very few periodicals papers dealing Malacology; moreover many important malacologieal period- in the Netherlands. icals are not present in any public library This fact will account for its probable incompleteness, and will also, I hope, excuse the errors it might contain. that he had Lately Mr. M. M. Schepinan wrote to me, in the list of the Mollusca composed, already year 1911, a of of the Dutch West-Indies for an Encyclopedia Dutch not West-India, but that, owing to some contributors sending in their his has not been manuscripts, paper yet published at this moment. I not to have been able to consult am sorry this no will contain valuable matter as paper, that, doubt, of this regards, our knowledge subject. In the following lists, the species represented in the Leyden Museum by specimens from the.Dutch West-Indian asterisk. islands, are marked with an Notes from the T_j©yden Museum, "Vol. XXXVI. OF THE DUTCH WEST-INDIAN ISLANDS. 179 1880, 1899, pp. 1873, 113, van Mr. 40; 101; 42; 48. p. Museum Pilsbry, p. 77. Pilsbry, p. p. Martens, 1866, pp. (Mr. p. 1903, v. 154. 1883, Bland, 136: 1873, 126; 1873, Pilsbry, Martens, 1898, Buitendijk, 48. 48. Leyden 300; Bland, 1904, p. Museum p. 146, 191: 48. v. p. p. Pilsbry, 114; p. Dr. Bland, Binney, p. Bland, p. 48; 1879, 28; 192; Smith, 1883, 113, 1903, 1903, by p. 1860, p. et Pilsbry, 324. et 1868, 113, 1903, p. Leyden pp. 140; Vuyck, Ann's; Ann's; 1903, 323, pp. 1861, 1868, 180; 115: Binney, 115. St. Steenbergen). p. Crosse 1904, St. Pilsbry, Pilsbry, Crosse recorded Gibbons, Epp). Albers, Dr. Bland, at Epp). Pilsbry, p. at 113, 322, 113, 1898, 1887, 136; 131; 131; 144. 58. Pilsbry, (Dr. 154; Bland, Bland, Epp, 157; 135, 323. 158; 136, (Mr. (Dr. 143; 192; pp. 113. 29; 1901, pp. p. Pilsbry, pp. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p. 27; Dr. p. Smith, 27, 210; 369; Lorie, 1898, 1879, 48: 1906, 1898, i860, 1889, 26, Museum 1859, Pilsbry, 1872, 1879, 1906, 1879, 1879, 1879, Museum Museum pp. p. 1872, 1866, Epp). 1868, 366, p. 1898, 122; 24, 219; Koohvijk, Weeks). Pilsbry, pp. (Dr. 1899, 1860, 143, 114; Smith, 1903, Smith, Albers, Pilsbry, Bland, p. Bland, Leyden Pfeiffer, p. Crosse, Gibbons, Gibbons, Pilsbry, Gibbons, Gibbons, Crosse, Gibbons, Smith, Leyden Leyden <*. V* { « var. Ad. 't notabilis Gundl. B. ( Say. as Bolten. Bolten. C. var. d'Orb., Cr. Mke. inermis Gibb. recorded Fér. L. raveni Fer. elongatus Mor. multilineatus octonoides elongatus torallyi L. also uva gloynii incerta lima uva Fer. sisalensis Helix Helix Bulimus Bulimulus Bulimus Bulimus Helix pentodonPupa Strophia Cylindrella Macroceramus Cionella Stenogyra var. Say. Bolten. Cr. Fer. Gibb. Gibb., Gmel. Fer. Gmel. L. Gibb. raveni Cr. Species incerta spec. -J- lima elongatus multilineatus gloynii gloynii Pils. d'Orb. Say. L. pusillus virgineus gyrata spec. flavus uva longurio Pleurodonte Brachypodella Microceramus minuscula micra fallax Pleurodonte *Drymaeus Drymaeus *Liguus *Cerion Leptinaria Leptinaria Opeas Pupa Pupa Succinea Planorbis *Melampus *Melampus Notes from the Ley-den Museum, "Vol. XXXVI. 180 LAND- AND FRESHWATER MOLLUSCS 43; 1868, 131; van for The be also 1880, 113; 154. Ley- p. p. to (Mr. p. 146, new Mke. 77. 323. 116; 24. Bland, Bland, p. 1887, p. 1873, 1898, p. Museum are seems considered pp.113, 113, 143: Lorie, costata 192; 1904, 1906, 1899, Bland, it pp. p. be p. Smith, 1904, species a _ by by et 219; Leyden to 1898, by 1866, Koohvijk). where 1868, 24; Pilsbry, Pilsbry, Pilsbry, p. four Tudor is Pilsbry, 116. 116; p. 27. Crosse van 115; 115; Smith, 114; 114. recorded Bland, 1873, and recorded Bland, Preston), recorded 118. 113, 113, Haiti, 1892, 24, Bonaire. (Mr. 113, 113, 113, 113, p. 159; Curacao, pp. 113,114; 113. 192; pp. 28; pp. introduced, 25; (Mr. p. pp. p. Gmel., pp. pp. p. pp. 1879, p. Martens, p. pp. from 1898, 1898, island Crosse, 1899, v. Museum from 1872, 1861, 1861, 1898, 1898, 1898, 1898, 1868, Museum 1898, 1393, flavus 122; Martens, Smith, 191; Smith, Koohvijk). the evidently Pilsbry, p. ]). den recorded Crosse Bland, Leyden known M. iiland, Smith, Smith, Smith, Smith, Bland, Smith, SmilVi, v. from and are Pot. Gmel., Pfr. XYWYVA hitherto only rare ARUBA. BONAIRE. Per. Smith. Bolten. as as Bolten. as is Bolten. llina Cr. Pfr. 1*\UYW\ pusillus it recorded megacheilum varieties, recorded recorded elongatus virgulatus raveni harterti crysta recorded elongatus where elongatus versicolor freshwater-shells Yyuiaxyv also also also Mich. and Melampus iwx species, and Cyclostoma et Bulimus Bulimulus Bulimulus Cylindrella Neosubulina Paludestrina Tudora Bulimulus L, Guyana, species land- importation. var. Mich. of 1 21 first-named French et virgineus to Bolten. Cr. Smith. Bolten. Smith. Pfr. Wood. OYVVJ Pot. these due species Brag. Mke. the from raveni Cr. Pfr. Liguus as G Species elongatus B. of Species elongatus bonairensis harterti coronata Species zebra and atirantiaca raveni megacheila costata Among Only uva a island: Curasao crystallina Neritina Cistula *Tudor occurrence common, Drymaeus Brachypodella Pineria? Leptinaria Amnicola Drymaeus Cerion *Tudora this for *Tudora Notes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. X XXVI. OF TIIE DUTCH WEST-INDIAN ISLANDS. 181 25 maps 1890, 27. 1890, 37, Sem- 1897, 1897, 1897, 1898, 24, only pp. Curacao. Venezuela. pp. Maze, (Dr. some Maze, 1897, Pilsbry, Pilsbry, Pilsbry, by in to 1899, on 24. 23. 23. 24. 33; 33; present Museum 24; 25; 26: but p. p. p. p. p. p. Curasao-Shells, recorded Pilsbry, p. p. p. at Bonaire. Pilsbry, virgineus Islands, 1890, 1890, 1890, 1890, 1861, 1861, Leyden 1890, 1890, 1890, 24; on 25; melink). 40. 42. 43. Liguus p. 39; p. from Maze, Maze, Maze, Maze, Bland, Bland, p. p. p. Aves paper Netherlands, Venezuela, Maze, Maze, Maze, or like at the the of Phi- to Smith's Shore of BONAIRE. that coast Curasao Lowlands; island. traveller; Mr. belong Philipsburg. the Accords. here, the locality Marigot. Environs in from Marigot; some not of of of des LITTLE at at by do Bonaire. either Philipsburg. Mountains. parts lipsburg. observe Cr., Aruba. Marigot. Environs Shore Simson-Bay; Simson-Bay. Marigot; and mentioned Shore All Morne and MARTIN. to and only elsewhere islets. blandi ST. var. wish neighbourhood Aruba. Bolten. Fer. CURAÇAO Roques, Curacao now as Mull. Drou. from Bonaire Pfr. Shuttl. Gmel.U111C1. these I Fer. Gmel., and Gmel. till ■lO Los (Ravenia) the from recorded exilis ; eyriesii LITTLE from elongatus virgulatus exilis exilis in Curasao, introduced and Curagao gundlachi subaquila bracteola lychnuchus confusion, recorded also r in Spiraxis mentioned et. islands from Helix Helix Helix Helix Bulimus Bulimus Bulimus Bulimulus Bulimus (3 Bulimulus recorded known. are probably occurs is possession, J are exclude curious are Pfr., Mull.') Dutch reported JL Drou.
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