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Mehmet Ali Cenani Bey'in Hayati Ve

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Mehmet Ali Cenani Bey'in Hayati Ve T.C. SAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ MEHMET ALİ CENANİ BEY’İN HAYATI VE PARLAMENTO FAALİYETLERİ (1872-1934) DOKTORA TEZİ HATİCE AKAN Enstitü Anabilim Dalı: Tarih Tez Danışmanı: Prof. Dr. Safiye KIRANLAR ARALIK– 2018 ÖNSÖZ Bu çalışmaya beni yönlendirerek, araştırmanın başından sonuna büyük bir sabır ve titizlikle bana yol gösteren, hayatına ortak eden bilgi ve tecrübelerinden istifade ettiğim değerli danışman hocam Prof. Dr. Safiye Kıranlar’a, Tez İzleme Kurulu’nda yer alan, benden bilgi ve desteklerini esirgemeyen hocam Prof. Dr. Haluk Selvi’ye, üzerimde emeği olan hocalarım Prof. Dr. Mehmet Alpargu ve Prof. Dr. Enis Şahin’e tezin hazırlanması sırasında sabır ve anlayışlarını her an yanımda hissettiğim yakın arkadaşlarım ve aileme sonsuz teşekkürlerimi sunuyorum. İÇİNDEKİLER KISALTMALAR ........................................................................................................... iv ÖZET ................................................................................................................................ v ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... vi GİRİŞ ............................................................................................................................... 1 BÖLÜM 1: ALİ CENANİ BEY’İN AİLESİ, EĞİTİMİ VE SİYASETE GİRİŞİ ..... 6 1.1. Ailesi, Eğitimi ve Kişiliği .......................................................................................... 6 1.2. İttihat ve Terakki’nin Antep’teki Teşkilatlanması ..................................................... 9 1.3. Osmanlı Mebusan Meclisi’ndeki Faaliyetleri .......................................................... 15 1.3.1. Mali Alandaki Faaliyetleri ........................................................................... 15 1.3.1.1. Muvazene-i Umumiye Kanunları .................................................... 15 1.3.2. İktisadi Alandaki Faaliyetleri ...................................................................... 27 1.3.2.1. Ziraat ve İaşe İşleri .......................................................................... 27 1.3.2.2. Çekirge İstilalarıyla Mücadele ........................................................ 33 1.3.2.3. Bağdat ve Hicaz Demiryolu Meselesi ............................................. 34 1.3.3. Maarif Alanındaki Faaliyetleri .................................................................... 38 1.4. Öncesi ve Sonrasıyla 31 Mart Olayı ........................................................................ 42 1.5. Ermeni Tehcirindeki Rolü, Tehcirle İlgili Suçlanması ve Divan-ı Harp’te Yargılanması ................................................................................................................... 46 1.6. Kurtuluş Savaşı’ndan TBMM’nin Açılışına Kadar Olan Süreçteki Faaliyetleri ..... 52 1.6.1. Güney Cephesi’nin Örgütlenmesindeki Rolü ve Antep’te Yaşanan Mücadeleler .................................................................................................. 52 1.6.2. Son Osmanlı Mebusan Meclisi’ndeki Faaliyetleri ...................................... 58 1.7. İngilizler Tarafından Tutuklanması ve Malta’da Sürgün Hayatı ............................. 59 BÖLÜM 2: ALİ CENANİ BEY’İN TÜRKİYE BÜYÜK MİLLET MECLİSİ’NDEKİ FAALİYETLERİ ......................................................................... 63 2.1. Birinci Dönem TBMM’ye Katılması ....................................................................... 63 2.2. Birinci Dönem TBMM’de Yaşanan Siyasi Gelişmeler ........................................... 68 2.2.1. Müdafaa- ı Hukuk Grupları ve Ali Şükrü Bey Olayı .................................. 68 2.2.2. Emvâl-i Metruke Kanunuyla İlgili Düzenlemeler ....................................... 70 i 2.3. Birinci Dönem TBMM’de Lozan Konferansı ile İlgili Tartışmalar ........................ 74 2.4. Birinci Dönem TBMM’de Mali, İdari ve Sosyal Konularla İlgili Görüşleri ........... 81 2.4.1. Bütçeler ........................................................................................................ 81 2.4.2. Köyler ve Nahiyelerin İdaresi İle İlgili Kanun Hakkındaki Görüşmeler .... 87 2.4.3. Gaziantep Ahalisine Yardım Hakkında Kanun ........................................... 88 2.5. İkinci Dönem TBMM’de CHF Grubu’ndaki İlk Faaliyetleri .................................. 90 2.6. İkinci Dönem TBMM’de Mali, İktisadi ve Sosyal Alandaki Faaliyetleri ............... 96 2.6.1. 1924 Yılı Bütçe Kanunu .............................................................................. 96 2.6.2. Ziraat Bankasıyla İlgili Meclis Görüşmeleri ............................................. 101 2.6.3. Darüleytam Genel Müdürlüğü’nün Kurulmasına Dair Kanun Çalışmaları ................................................................................................. 103 2.7. Ali Cenani Bey’in Ticaret Vekilliği (22 Kasım 1924-17 Mayıs 1926) ................. 106 2.7.1. Ticaret Vekâletinin Kurulması .................................................................. 106 2.7.2. Ticaret Vekili Ali Cenani Bey’in Mali ve İktisadi Alandaki Çalışmaları ..110 2.7.2.1. 1925 Yılı Bütçe Kanunu ................................................................ 118 2.7.2.2. Madencilik ve Sanayi ve Maadin Bankası .................................... 124 2.8. Seyyar Sergi Projesi ............................................................................................... 130 2.9. Üçüncü Dönem TBMM’deki Çalışmaları .............................................................. 134 BÖLÜM 3: ALİ CENANİ BEY’İN YARGILANMASI VE SİYASİ HAYATTAN ÇEKİLMESİ ................................................................................................................ 139 3.1. Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde Usulsüzlük ve Yolsuzluklar ................................. 139 3.2. Ali Cenani Bey İle İlgili Yolsuzluk İddialarını Başlatan Süreç ............................. 142 3.3. Ali Cenani Bey İle İlgili Yolsuzluk Tahkikatı ....................................................... 150 3.4. Karma Soruşturma Komisyonunun Çalışmaları .................................................... 153 3.4.1. Karma Soruşturma Komisyonunun Raporları ........................................... 159 3.4.1.1. Sorumlu Muhasebe Memuru Meselesinde Yaşanan Tartışmalar ...................................................................................... 159 3.4.1.2. Buğday-Mısır Alım-Satım İşlemlerine Dair İddialar .................... 161 3.4.1.3. Adapazarı Ahşap ve Demir Malzeme Anonim Şirketine Ait İşlemler ........................................................................................................ 164 ii 3.4.1.4. Ankara Un Fabrikası- Doktor Fikret ve Mukbil Beylerle Sözleşme ......................................................................................... 169 3.4.1.5. Adana İtidal Şirketi ve Yusuf Lütfi Bey ile Sözleşme .................. 171 3.4.1.6. Sanayi ve Maadin Bankasıyla İlgili Gelişmeler ............................ 173 3.4.2. Karma Soruşturma Komisyonunun Sonuç Raporu ve Kararı .................... 174 3.5. Ali Cenani Bey’in Yüce Divan’da Yargılanması................................................... 179 3.6. Hayatının Son Yılları, Hastalığı ve Ölümü ............................................................ 184 SONUÇ ......................................................................................................................... 194 KAYNAKÇA ............................................................................................................... 198 EKLER ......................................................................................................................... 213 ÖZGEÇMİŞ ................................................................................................................237 iii KISALTMALAR BOA : Başkanlık Osmanlı Arşivi BCA : Başkanlık Cumhuriyet Arşivi BEO : Bab-ı Ali Evrak Odası TBMM Arşivi : Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Arşivi FO : Foreign Office MMZC : Meclis-i Mebusan Zabıt Ceridesi TBMMZC : Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Zabıt Ceridesi GCZ : Gizli Celse Zabıtları TAV : Ali Cenani Bey Tahkikatına Ait Vesikalar ARMHG : Anadolu ve Rumeli Müdafaa-ı Hukuk Grubu TBMM : Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi EDS : Editörler MUK : Muvazene-i Umumiye Kanunu a.g.e : Adı geçen eser a.g.m : Adı geçen makale a.g.t : Adı geçen tez Bkz : Bakınız İnikat : İ iv Sakarya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Doktora Tez Özeti Tezin Başlığı: Mehmet Ali Cenani Bey’in Hayatı ve Parlamento Faaliyetleri (1872- 1934) Tezin Yazarı: Hatice AKAN Danışman: Prof. Dr. Safiye KIRANLAR Kabul Tarihi: Aralık 2018 Sayfa Sayısı: vi (ön kısım)+ 237 (tez) Anabilim Dalı: Tarih Türk siyasi hayatında önemli bir yer edinen özellikle mali konulardaki yetkinliğiyle dikkat çeken bir isim olan Mehmet Ali Cenani Bey’in hayatı ve parlamento çalışmaları bu araştırmanın konusunu teşkil etmektedir. Meşrutiyet’ten Cumhuriyet’e uzanan süreçte yer alan Ali Cenani Bey’in siyasi hayatını ortaya çıkarmak ve dönemin tarihi olayları içindeki yerini tespit edebilmekse çalışmanın temel amacıdır. Bu çalışmada onun siyasal ve toplumsal süreci algılayışı, yönlendirme kabiliyeti, verdiği kanun teklifleri, niteliği, bunların yasalaşma düzeyi, öncelikli yönelimleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın genelinde kronolojik esaslara uyulmuş ve çeyrek asırlık bir döneme tanıklık eden Ali Cenani Bey’in öncelikle ayrıntılı bir biyografisine yer verilmiştir. Osmanlı Meclis-i Mebusanı’nda önce Halep sonra da Antep mebusu olarak yer alan Cenani Bey,
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