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Descargar El Archivo ISSN 2007-3380 REVISTA BIO CIENCIAS h t t p : / / b i o c i e n c i a s . u a n . e d u . m x https://doi.org/10.15741/revbio.06.e419 Original Article/Artículo Original Identification and abundance of six viruses and a spiroplasma in single and mixed infections in maize fields in Veracruz, Mexico. Identificación y abundancia de seis virus y un espiroplasma en infecciones simples y mixtas en campos de maíz en Veracruz, México. Aguilera, S.1, 2, Rodríguez-Escobar, J. G.3, Romero-González, V. N.1, Osorio-Acosta, F.4, López-Romero, G.4, Silva-Rosales, L.1*. 1Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav). Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte. Carretera Irapuato-León. Irapuato, Guanajuato, México. 2Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos (LIIA), Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic, Nayarit, México. 3Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) C.E. Cotaxtla. Carretera federal Veracruz-Córdoba, México. 4Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS) Campus Veracruz, Carretera federal Xalapa-Veracruz, México. Cite this paper/Como citar este artículo: Aguilera, S., Rodríguez-Escobar, J.G., Romero-González, V.N., Osorio-Acosta, F., López-Romero, G., Silva-Rosales, L. (2019). Identification and abundance of six viruses and a spiroplasma in single and mixed infections in maize fields in Veracruz, Mexico.Revista Bio Ciencias 6, e419. doi: https://doi.org/10.15741/revbio.06.e419 A B S T R A C T R E S U M E N Plant viruses are important agricultural Los virus patógenos de plantas son importantes pathogens because they cause significant losses in para la agricultura pues causan cuantiosas pérdidas economic crop yield and quality. They can occur in single económicas en el rendimiento y calidad de los cultivos. or mixed infections interfering with plant development. Estos pueden provocar infecciones simples o mixtas, Diseases caused by these viruses are found throughout interfiriendo con el desarrollo de las plantas. Las the maize-growing regions of the world and can cause enfermedades ocasionadas por virus se encuentran a lo significant losses for producers. Additionally, the Corn largo de zonas agrícolas de maíz en todo el mundo, y llegan stunt spiroplasma (CSS) is able to co-infect maize a representar pérdidas significativas para los productores. plants together with phytopathogen viruses, increasing Adicionalmente, el Corn stunt spiroplasma (CSS) es capaz losses in this crop. In this study, using DAS-ELISA de co-infectar plantas de maíz en conjunto con virus tests, we detected Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), fitopatógenos, incrementando las pérdidas en este cultivo. Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), Maize chlorotic En este estudio, con ensayos de DAS-ELISA, detectamos mottle virus (MCMV), Maize stripe virus (MSpV), Brome Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), Sugarcane mosaic mosaic virus (BMV), Maize white line mosaic virus virus (SCMV), Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV), Maize (MWLMV), and CSS in single and mixed infections stripe virus (MSpV), Brome mosaic virus (BMV), Maize in a survey made in the State of Veracruz. Up to four white line mosaic virus (MWLMV), además del CSS, en different viruses were identified in mixed infections with infecciones simples y mixtas en el estado de Veracruz. Se identificaron más de cuatro virus distintos en infecciones Article Info/Información del artículo mezcladas con el SCMV que fue el virus más frecuente, Received/Recibido: December 18th 2017. seguido por MDMV y CSS. Este es el primer reporte de Accepted/Aceptado: April 18th 2018. infecciones simultáneas con más de dos virus, en plantas Availableonline/Fecha de publicación: March 21st 2019. de maíz en México. *Corresponding Author: Laura, Silva Rosales. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821, Irapuato, Guanajuato. México. Phone: +52(462) 623 9651. E-mail: [email protected] Revista Bio Ciencias 6, e419. 1 Viral infection in maize/Infección viral en maíz. SCMV, the most prevalent virus; followed by MDMV and CSS. This is the first report of simultaneous infections with P A L A B R A S C L A V E more than two viruses in maize plants in Mexico. Virus de maíz; espiroplasma de maíz; infecciones mix- tas; incidencia. K E Y W O R D S Introducción Maize viruses; maize spiroplasma; mixed infections; incidence. El cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) es el cuarto más importante a nivel mundial. En México, aproximadamente el 70 % de la producción total proviene de ocho estados: Chiapas, Introduction Guerrero, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Puebla, Sinaloa y Veracruz (Juárez, 2013). Los virus son patógenos agrícolas Maize crop (Zea mays L.) is the fourth importantes que causan pérdidas económicas significativas most important crop around the world. In Mexico, en la producción y en el rendimiento del cultivo dependiendo approximately 70 % of the total production comes de la región geográfica (Ali & Yan, 2012). Éstos pueden from eight states: Chiapas, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico, ocurrir en infecciones simples o mixtas afectando procesos Michoacan, Puebla, Sinaloa and Veracruz (Juárez, fotosintéticos y, algunos de ellos, también interfieren con el 2013). Viruses are important agricultural pathogens desarrollo vegetal. El número de reportes de infecciones causing significant economic losses on yield and quality mezcladas ha aumentado y aunque éstos describen nuevos reduction depending on the geographic region (Ali & problemas, también proveen de información valiosa para la Yan, 2012). They can occur in single or mixed infections búsqueda de estrategias de control (Rentería et al., 2011). affecting photosynthetic processes and, some of them, El Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), o Virus del mosaico also interfere with plant development. The number of de enanismo del maíz, transmitido por áfidos, fue el primer reports on mixed infections has increased. Although virus reportado, el cual causa reducciones importantes en these increased reports present new problems, they are el cultivo de maíz en los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica. also providing valuable information for disease control Este virus es un miembro del género de los Potyvirus strategies (Rentería et al., 2011). dentro de la familia Potyviridae, que comprende a las especies virales más dañinas causantes de enfermedades Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), transmitted by de maíz en varias regiones del mundo, principalmente en aphids, was the first virus reported to cause significant algunos países asiáticos y europeos (Gell et al., 2010). yield reduction on corn crops in the United States. Recientemente las infecciones de maíz causadas por el This virus is a member of the Potyvirus genus and Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) o Virus del moteado Potyviridae family, and remains among the most harmful clorótico del maíz (del género Machlomovirus, familia viruses causing diseases of maize in various regions of Tombusviridae), y transmitido por trips, ha sido importante the world, mostly in some Asian and European countries en algunos países (Silva-Rosales et al., 2015; Wangai (Gell et al., 2010). More recently, infections of Maize et al., 2012). Otros virus como el Maize necrotic streak chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) (genus Machlomovirus, virus (MNeSV), también conocido como Virus del rayado family Tombusviridae), transmitted by thrips, have been necrótico del maíz; el Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV), important in some countries (Silva-Rosales et al., 2015; conocido como Virus del rayado fino del maíz; y el Maize Wangai et al., 2012). Other viruses such as Maize fine streak virus (MFSV), conocido como Virus de la necrotic streak virus (MNeSV), Maize rayado fino virus ralladura fina del maíz, causan enfermedades en el cultivo. (MRFV) and Maize fine streak virus (MFSV) also cause En América Central y del Sur, el MRFV causa el “rayado corn diseases. In Central and South America, MRFV fino” o la enfermedad del “achaparramiento”, del maíz, que causes the “rayado fino” or “achaparramiento” of maize, es una de las enfermedades conocidas más importantes one of the most known diseases in corn (Vasquez & Mora, para esta especie (Vásquez & Mora, 2007). En México se 2007). In Mexico, several viruses that infect maize have han reportado varios virus que infectan maíz como el MRFV, Revista Bio Ciencias 6, e419. 2 Aguilera et al., 2019. been reported, such as MRFV, MCMV, Maize mosaic MCMV, el Maize mosaic nucleorhabdovirus (MMV) o Virus del nucleorhabdovirus (MMV), (genus Nucleorhabdovirus, mosaico del nucleorhabdovirus, (género Nucleorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae), transmitted by leafhoppers familia Rhabdoviridae), transmitido por chicharritas (Dalbulus (Dalbulus maidis); and Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), maidis); y el Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), (género (genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae), transmitted by Potyvirus, familia Potyviridae), transmitido por áfidos (Carreraet aphids (Carrera et al., 1989; Espejel et al., 2006; Gordon al., 1989; Espejel et al., 2006; Gordon el al., 1985). Otros virus el al., 1985). Other viruses, whose presence has not been cuya presencia no se ha reportado hasta ahora en este país reported so far are: Maize stripe virus (MSpV), (genus son: Maize stripe virus (MSpV) o Virus del bandeado del maíz Tenuivirus, unassigned family) transmitted by leafhoppers (género Tenuivirus, con familia no asignada), transmitido por (Peregrinus maidis); brome mosaic virus (BMV), (genus chicharritas (Peregrinus maidis); el Brome mosaic virus (BMV) Bromovirus, family
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