Red Tourism in China
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Making the State on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier: Chinese Expansion and Local Power in Batang, 1842-1939
Making the State on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier: Chinese Expansion and Local Power in Batang, 1842-1939 William M. Coleman, IV Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Columbia University 2014 © 2013 William M. Coleman, IV All rights reserved Abstract Making the State on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier: Chinese Expansion and Local Power in Batang, 1842-1939 William M. Coleman, IV This dissertation analyzes the process of state building by Qing imperial representatives and Republican state officials in Batang, a predominantly ethnic Tibetan region located in southwestern Sichuan Province. Utilizing Chinese provincial and national level archival materials and Tibetan language works, as well as French and American missionary records and publications, it explores how Chinese state expansion evolved in response to local power and has three primary arguments. First, by the mid-nineteenth century, Batang had developed an identifiable structure of local governance in which native chieftains, monastic leaders, and imperial officials shared power and successfully fostered peace in the region for over a century. Second, the arrival of French missionaries in Batang precipitated a gradual expansion of imperial authority in the region, culminating in radical Qing military intervention that permanently altered local understandings of power. While short-lived, centrally-mandated reforms initiated soon thereafter further integrated Batang into the Qing Empire, thereby -
How Was Kango (Sino-Japanese Words) Treated in the Early Days of Broadcasting
How was Kango (Sino-Japanese Words) Treated in the Early Days of Broadcasting: − Exploring the Records of NHK Broadcasting Language Committee − Takehiro SHIODA (Summary) This report discusses how kango, or Sino-Japanese words, was used in broadcasting mainly during the period from the commencement of broadcasting in Japan to the start of the Pacific War, focusing on “issues on usage” and “issues on reading.” (1) Earlier days prior to the launch of the Broadcasting Language Committee Radio broadcast started in 1925, and the Broadcasting Language Committee was established nine years later. However, a movement advocating the use of easy-to-understanding words in broadcasting existed before the launch of the Committee. (2) 1934 to 1936 The Committee worked on the standardization of the use of homonyms (words identical in sound and words similar in sound) as much as possible. The Committee also tried to standardize the pronunciation of each kango which had multiple reading variants. (3) 1937 In the wake of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in July 1937, a large number of personal and place names of China became mentioned in broadcasts. Among them there were some names which listeners could not easily associate with corresponding kanji (Chinese characters) only by phonetic information. Besides, as one kanji usually has multiple pronunciations in the Japanese language, Chinese personal and place names as well as Buddhist terms were often read in different ways. The Committee started organizing the pronunciations of such terms. (4) 1938 Priorities in dealing with kango idioms with different pronunciations had been rather “commonly- used-pronunciation-oriented,” but a sign of “dictionary-pronunciation-oriented” moves loomed around that time. -
Hwang, Yin (2014) Victory Pictures in a Time of Defeat: Depicting War in the Print and Visual Culture of Late Qing China 1884 ‐ 1901
Hwang, Yin (2014) Victory pictures in a time of defeat: depicting war in the print and visual culture of late Qing China 1884 ‐ 1901. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/18449 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. VICTORY PICTURES IN A TIME OF DEFEAT Depicting War in the Print and Visual Culture of Late Qing China 1884-1901 Yin Hwang Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the History of Art 2014 Department of the History of Art and Archaeology School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 2 Declaration for PhD thesis I have read and understood regulation 17.9 of the Regulations for students of the School of Oriental and African Studies concerning plagiarism. I undertake that all the material presented for examination is my own work and has not been written for me, in whole or in part, by any other person. -
Mao's War Against Nature: Politics and the Environment In
Reviews Mao’s War Against Nature: Politics and the Environment in Revolutionary China, by Judith Shapiro, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2001), xvii, 287 pp. Reviewed by Gregory A. Ruf, Associate Professor, Chinese Studies and Anthropology Stony Brook State University of New York In this engaging and informative book, Judith Shapiro takes a sharp, critical look at how development policies and practices under Mao influenced human relationships with the natural world, and considers some consequences of Maoist initiatives for the environment. Drawing on a variety of sources, both written and oral, she guides readers through an historical overview of major political and economic campaigns of the Maoist era, and their impact on human lives and the natural environment. This is a bold and challenging task, not least because such topics remain political sensitive today. Yet the perspective Shapiro offers is refreshing, while the problems she highlights are disturbing, with significant legacies. The political climate of revolutionary China was pervaded by hostile struggle against class enemies, foreign imperialists, Western capitalists, Soviet revisionists, and numerous other antagonists. Under Mao and the communists, “the notion was propagated that China would pick itself up after its long history of humiliation by imperialist powers, become self-reliant in the face of international isolation, and regain strength in the world” (p.6). Militarization was to be a vehicle through which Mao would attempt to forge a ‘New China.’ His period of rule was marked by a protracted series of mass mobilization campaigns, based around the fear of perceived threats, external or internal. Even nature, Shapiro argues, was portrayed in a combative and militaristic rhetoric as an obstacle or enemy to overcome. -
9. Princeton in Beijing (Pib)
9. Princeton in Beijing (PiB) a. Matthew Walak, Summer 2019 Final Report I originally planned to keep a blog, but I quickly discovered PiB left me with neither the time nor the energy to maintain a weekly blog. As a result, here’s my final report: A lot happens at Princeton in Beijing in a very short amount of time. I could not fully process my experience until I returned home and had time to think about it for a few days. From the perspective of a second-year Chinese student, my entire summer was essentially a non-stop Chinese class from the moment my plane touched down in Beijing to the moment I returned to Boston. In terms of workload, the weekdays were tough. Channeling my inner STEM major, here are some fun numbers: Daily class time: 4 hours 10 minutes (4 x 50 min classes + 1 x 50 min one-on-one class) Daily homework average: 3 hours 36 minutes (Monday through Friday) Total class time, homework, tests, and test preparation: 291 hours 8 minutes Total working days in China: 39 days Percentage of awake time on working days spent studying or in class: 46.7% (Assuming 8 hours of sleep, which was not always the case) Essentially, Monday through Friday, almost half of the time I was awake was spent studying or in class. We had a few weekend cultural excursions to see tourist attractions such as the Great Wall, the 2019 Beijing horticulture exhibition, and the Marco Polo Bridge. We also had the opportunity to see a Chinese opera (Which ended up being in French), and Chinese acrobatics. -
The Jesuit Role As “Experts” in High Qing Cartography and Technology∗
臺大歷史學報第31期 BIBLID1012-8514(2003)31p.223-250 2003年6月,頁223~250 2003.1.7收稿,2003.5.29通過刊登 The Jesuit Role as “Experts” in High Qing Cartography and Technology∗ Benjamin A. Elman∗∗ Abstract Earlier accounts have generally overvalued or undervalued the role of the Jesu- its in Ming-Qing intellectual life. In many cases the Jesuits were less relevant in the ongoing changes occurring in literati learning. In the medical field, for example, before the nineteenth century few Qing physicians (ruyi 儒醫) took early modern European “Galenic” medicine seriously as a threat to native remedies. On the other hand, the Kangxi revival of interest in mathematics was closely tied to the introduc- tion of Jesuit algebra (jiegen fang 借根方), trigonometry (sanjiao xue 三角學), and logarithyms (duishu 對數). In the midst of the relatively “closed door” policies of the Yongzheng emperor and his successors, a large-scale effort to recover and col- late the treasures of ancient Chinese mathematics were prioritized in the late eight- eenth and early nineteenth century. Despite setbacks during the early eighteenth century Rites Controversy, the Jesuits in China remained important “experts” (專家) in the Astro-Calendric Bureau (欽天監) and supervisors in the Qing dynasty’s imperial workshops. Earlier Adam Schall (1592-1666) and Ferdinand Verbiest (1623-1688) had not only championed the role of mathematics in Christianizing literati elites, but they also produced in- struments and weapons at the behest of both the Ming and Qing dynasties. The tech- nical expertise of the Jesuits in the China mission during the eighteenth century also ranged from translating Western texts and maps, introducing surveying methods to producing cannon, pulley systems, sundials, telescopes, water-pumps, musical in- struments, clocks, and other mechanical devices. -
4 China: Government Policy and Tourism Development
China: Government Policy 4 and Tourism Development Trevor H. B. Sofield Introduction In 2015, according to the China National Tourism Administration (CNTA), China welcomed 133.8 million inbound visitors; it witnessed 130 million outbound trips by its citizens; and more than 4 billion Chinese residents took domestic trips around the country. International arrivals generated almost US$60 billion, outbound tour- ists from China spent an estimated US$229 billion (GfK, 2016), and domestic tour- ism generated ¥(Yuan)3.3 trillion or US$491 billion (CNTA, 2016). By 2020, Beijing anticipates that domestic tourists will spend ¥5.5 trillion yuan a year, more than double the total in 2013, to account for 5 percent of the country’s GDP. In 2014, the combined contribution from all three components of the tourism industry to GDP, covering direct and indirect expenditure and investment, in China was ¥5.8 trillion (US$863 billion), comprising 9.4% of GDP. Government forecasts suggest this figure will rise to ¥11.4 trillion (US$1.7 trillion) by 2025, accounting for 10.3% of GDP (Wang et al., 2016). Few governments in the world have approached tourism development with the same degree of control and coordination as China, and certainly not with outcomes numbering visitation and visitor expenditure in the billions in such a short period of time. In 1949 when Mao Zedong and the Communist Party of China (CCP) achieved complete control over mainland China, his government effectively banned all domestic tourism by making internal movement around the country illegal (CPC officials excepted), tourism development was removed from the package of accept- able development streams as a bourgeoisie activity, and international visitation was a diplomatic tool to showcase the Communist Party’s achievements, that was restricted to a relative handful of ‘friends of China’. -
ANNUAL REPORT 2018 Annual Report 2018 NEW CENTURY REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
New Century Real Estate Investment Trust (a Hong Kong collective investment scheme authorised under section 104 of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Chapter 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong)) (Stock code: 1275) ANNUAL REPORT 2018 Annual Report 2018 NEW CENTURY REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST The audited consolidated financial statements of New Century Real Estate Investment Trust (“New Century REIT”) and its subsidiaries (together, the “Group”) for the year ended 31 December 2018 (the “Reporting Period”), having been reviewed by the audit committee (the “Audit Committee”) and disclosures committee (the “Disclosures Committee”) of New Century Asset Management Limited (the “REIT Manager”) were approved by the board of directors of the REIT Manager (the “Board”) on 29 March 2019. LONG-TERM OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGY The REIT Manager continues its strategy of investing on a long-term basis in a diversified portfolio of income-producing real estate globally, with the aim of delivering regular and stable high distributions to the holders of the units of New Century REIT (the “Unit(s)”) (the “Unitholder(s)”) and achieving long-term growth in distributions and portfolio valuation while maintaining an appropriate capital structure. New Century REIT is sponsored by New Century Tourism Group Limited (“New Century Tourism”) and its subsidiaries (together the “New Century Tourism Group”), the largest domestic hotel group according to the number of upscale hotel rooms both in operation and under pipeline in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”). Ranked the 23rd globally in 2017, as published by Hotels Magazine in July/August 2018, New Century Tourism Group has about 319 star-rated hotels in operations or under development in China and Germany. -
World Bank-Financed Jiangxi Poyang Lake Basin and Ecological
E4011 V4 rev World Bank-financed Jiangxi Poyang Lake Basin and Ecological Economic Zone Small Town Development Demonstration Public Disclosure Authorized Project Environmental Codes of Practice For Public Disclosure Authorized Bridge and Culvert Public Disclosure Authorized Institute of Poyang Lake Eco-economics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Public Disclosure Authorized Economics Beijing Huaqing Lishui Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. Environmental Engineering Technology Development Center, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences September 2012 Jiangxi Environmental Codes of Practice for Bridge and Culvert Table of Contents 1 PREFACE .................................................................................................................. 1 2 MAIN CONTENTS OF THE PROJECT ............................................................... 1 3 KEY POINTS OF DESIGN ..................................................................................... 6 4 ENVIRONMENTAL CODES OF PRACTICE IN CONSTRUCTION PERIOD ........................................................................................................................................ 6 4.1 CONSTRUCTION SITE MANAGEMENT ..................................................................... 7 4.2 MANAGEMENT ON THE QUALITY OF SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT ................ 10 4.3 RISK PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES ..................................................... 11 4.4 ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES OF DANGEROUS WASTES AND FLAMMABLE & EXPLOSIVE ARTICLES ............................................................................................... -
Deng Xiaoping in the Making of Modern China
Teaching Asia’s Giants: China Crossing the River by Feeling the Stones Deng Xiaoping in the Making of Modern China Poster of Deng Xiaoping, By Bernard Z. Keo founder of the special economic zone in China in central Shenzhen, China. he 9th of September 1976: The story of Source: The World of Chinese Deng Xiaoping’s ascendancy to para- website at https://tinyurl.com/ yyqv6opv. mount leader starts, like many great sto- Tries, with a death. Nothing quite so dramatic as a murder or an assassination, just the quiet and unassuming death of Mao Zedong, the founding father of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). In the wake of his passing, factions in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) competed to establish who would rule after the Great Helmsman. Pow- er, after all, abhors a vacuum. In the first corner was Hua Guofeng, an unassuming functionary who had skyrocketed to power under the late chairman’s patronage. In the second corner, the Gang of Four, consisting of Mao’s widow, Jiang September 21, 1977. The Qing, and her entourage of radical, leftist, Shanghai-based CCP officials. In the final corner, Deng funeral of Mao Zedong, Beijing, China. Source: © Xiaoping, the great survivor who had experi- Keystone Press/Alamy Stock enced three purges and returned from the wil- Photo. derness each time.1 Within a month of Mao’s death, the Gang of Four had been imprisoned, setting up a showdown between Hua and Deng. While Hua advocated the policy of the “Two Whatev- ers”—that the party should “resolutely uphold whatever policy decisions Chairman Mao made and unswervingly follow whatever instructions Chairman Mao gave”—Deng advocated “seek- ing truth from facts.”2 At a time when China In 1978, some Beijing citizens was reexamining Mao’s legacy, Deng’s approach posted a large-character resonated more strongly with the party than Hua’s rigid dedication to Mao. -
Whose History and by Whom: an Analysis of the History of Taiwan In
WHOSE HISTORY AND BY WHOM: AN ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORY OF TAIWAN IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE PUBLISHED IN THE POSTWAR ERA by LIN-MIAO LU (Under the Direction of Joel Taxel) ABSTRACT Guided by the tenet of sociology of school knowledge, this study examines 38 Taiwanese children’s trade books that share an overarching theme of the history of Taiwan published after World War II to uncover whether the seemingly innocent texts for children convey particular messages, perspectives, and ideologies selected, preserved, and perpetuated by particular groups of people at specific historical time periods. By adopting the concept of selective tradition and theories of ideology and hegemony along with the analytic strategies of constant comparative analysis and iconography, the written texts and visual images of the children’s literature are relationally analyzed to determine what aspects of the history and whose ideologies and perspectives were selected (or neglected) and distributed in the literary format. Central to this analysis is the investigation and analysis of the interrelations between literary content and the issue of power. Closely related to the discussion of ideological peculiarities, historians’ research on the development of Taiwanese historiography also is considered in order to examine and analyze whether the literary products fall into two paradigms: the Chinese-centric paradigm (Chinese-centricism) and the Taiwanese-centric paradigm (Taiwanese-centricism). Analysis suggests a power-and-knowledge nexus that reflects contemporary ruling groups’ control in the domain of children’s narratives in which subordinate groups’ perspectives are minimalized, whereas powerful groups’ assumptions and beliefs prevail and are perpetuated as legitimized knowledge in society. -
Vacances Sinorama
Vacances Sinorama Permis chez l’OPC: 702569 www.vacancesinorama.com Tél: 514-866-6888 Fax: 514-866-3388 Tél.sans-frais: 1-866-810-0888 email: [email protected] Adresse: 998 Blvd. Saint-Laurent, Suite 518, Montréal, Québec H2Z 9Y9 (dans La Plaza Swatow) Place d’Armes SPLENDID CHINA MULTIPLE VIEWS + YANGTZE RIVER (3 GORGES) 21 + 1 DAYS $2999+$2999+ Visit : Beijing - Xi’an - Suzhou - Shanghai - Wuhan - Yichang - Yangtze River( 3 Gorges) - Chongqing - Guilin - Yangshuo - Guangzhou - Zhongshan - Zhuhai - Macau - Hong Kong the famous Ming Tombs, where buried 13 emperors of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Special dinner: Beijing Roast Duck. Day 5 Beijing ( B L D ) Visit Summer Palace, the Imperial Garden in the Qing Dynasty, then take the rickshaw to visit the old Beijing Hutong. Day 6 Beijing - Xian (Flight) (B L D) Beijing Fly to Xian in the morning and visit Shaanxi museum, city wall in the afternoon . Enjoy a Tang Dynasty Dancing Show along with a Dumpling Banquet in the evening. Xian Hotel: Xian Empark International Hotel or similar(5 Stars) Suzhou Shanghai Chongqing Wuhan Yichang Day 7 Xian (B L D) Spend a thrilling day to explore the excavation site of Xian resident army of 8000 Terra Cotta Soldiers. Each soldier Guilin Yangshuo Guangzhou haunting in his individual and many equipped with chariots and Zhongshan Macau Hong Kong horses. Zhuhai Day 8 Xian - Shanghai (Flight) - Suzhou (Coach) (B L D) Day 1 Montreal - Beijing via USA Take the morning flight to Shanghai, and transfer to Suzhou by Depart to Beijing on overnight international flight by Continental or United coach.