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Díaz González, Yasmany.Pdf (7.003Mb) UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL “MARTA ABREU” DE LAS VILLAS FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA E INDUSTRIAL DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA TRABAJO DE DIPLOMA TÍTULO: DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. Autor: Yasmany Díaz González Tutores: Dr.C. Ing: RICARDO ALFONSO BLANCO Dr.C. Ing: YUDIESKI BERNAL AGUILAR Santa Clara 2017 UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL “MARTA ABREU” DE LAS VILLAS FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA TRABAJAO DE DIPLOMA TÍTULO: DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. Autor: YASMANY DÍAZ GONZÁLEZ. Tutores: Dr.C. Ing: RICARDO ALFONSO BLANCO. Dr.C. Ing: YUDIESKI BERNAL AGUILAR. Santa Clara 2017 Hago constar que el presente trabajo de diploma fue realizado en la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas como parte de la culminación de estudios de la especialidad de Ingeniería en Mecánica, autorizando a que el mismo sea utilizado por la Institución, para los fines que estime conveniente, tanto de forma parcial como total y que además no podrá ser presentado en eventos, ni publicados sin autorización de la Universidad. Firma del Autor Los abajo firmantes certificamos que el presente trabajo ha sido realizado según acuerdo de la dirección de nuestro centro y el mismo cumple con los requisitos que debe tener un trabajo de esta envergadura referido a la temática señalada. Firma del Tutor Firma del Jefe de Departamento donde se defiende el trabajo ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. PENSAMIENTO ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. PENSAMIENTO La ciencia se compone de errores, que a su vez son los pasos hacia la verdad. Julio Verne. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. DEDICATORIA ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. DEDICATORIA A mis padres, hermano y abuelos que son lo más grande y hermoso que tengo en el mundo, y a la memoria de nuestro Comandante en Jefe Fidel Castro Ruz, quien lucho tanto por la educación de los cubanos. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. AGRADECIMIENTOS ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. AGRADECIMIENTOS A mis padres. Por regalarme la vida, protegerme de todo mal y estar siempre conmigo sin importar las circunstancias. A mis abuelos, tío y tía. Por hacerme sentir alguien en quien se puede confiar, por ayudarme en todo momento y brindarme todo su cariño. A mis primo(a)s y amigos. Por permitirme apoyarme en ellos en los malos momentos, y compartir conmigo los mejores suyos. A mi novia. Por hacerme sentir orgulloso y darme todo su cariño sin temor. A mis tutores Ricardo y Yudieski. Por asesorarme todo este tiempo y hacer posible el desarrollo de este trabajo de diploma, al profesor Gerardo y a todos los profesores que de una forma u otra me brindaron su apoyo. A mis amigos de la EMI Por poder contar siempre con su apoyo, sin importar lo atareado que estuviesen, sin su ayuda no hubiese sido posible realizar este trabajo. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. RESUMEN ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. RESUMEN El presente trabajo de diploma tiene como objetivo proponer el diseño de un molde para el proceso de extrusión soplado de una pieza tipo capullo de polietileno de alta densidad y la obtención del lenguaje de programación CNC para la posterior fabricación del mismo en la EMI `` Ernesto Che Guevara´´ Unidad Batalla de Santa Clara. Primeramente, se realiza el estudio bibliográfico referente al proceso de soplado todo lo relacionado con materiales utilizados en el mismo, se describe una secuencia de pasos a desarrollar para el diseño de moldes para soplado conjuntamente con los diferentes tipos de aceros utilizados para su construcción. Mediante el análisis funcional de la pieza se da paso a la selección del material moldeable y al proceso de diseño del molde en el software CAD SolidWorks® 2016, así como la selección del acero para cada placa y pieza, y su respectivo tratamiento térmico para alcanzar la mejora deseada en cuanto a sus propiedades, según la función que desempeña cada parte. Obtenido el diseño de las partes del molde se realiza el proceso de programación CNC para las placas de los insertos inferior y superior, y de la cavidad imagen, lográndose obtener también la simulación del proceso de maquinado. Se realiza la valoración del análisis económico demostrando la fiabilidad del proyecto. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. ABSTRACT ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. ABSTRACT The present diploma work aims to propose the design of a mold for the extrusion process blown of a piece of high density polyethylene cocoon and obtaining the CNC programming language for the subsequent manufacture in the EMI `` Ernesto Che Guevara'' Unit Battle of Santa Clara. Firstly, a bibliographic study is carried out concerning the blowing process, everything related to the materials used in it, a sequence of steps to be developed for the design of molds for blowing together with the different types of steels used for its construction are described. Through the functional analysis of the part, the selection of the molding material and the mold design process in the CAD software SolidWorks® 2016, as well as the selection of steel for each plate and part, and its respective heat treatment to reach the Desired improvement in its properties, depending on the role played by each part. Once the design of the parts of the mold has been obtained, the CNC programming process is performed for the plates of the lower and upper inserts and the image cavity, thus obtaining the simulation of the machining process. The evaluation of the economic analysis is carried out demonstrating the reliability of the project. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. ÍNDICE ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DISEÑO DEL MOLDE PARA SOPLADO DE UNA PIEZA TIPO CAPULLO Y OBTENCIÓN DEL CÓDIGO CNC DE PROGRAMACIÓN PARA LOS INSERTOS Y LA CAVIDAD IMAGEN. ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS Figuras Título Pág. Figura 1 Sopladora de Krupp Kautex, especialista en tecnología de soplado. 8 Figura 2 Proceso de extrusión por soplado. 10 Figura 3 Sopladora KCC, desarrollada y construida en china. 13 Figura 4 Anillo de corte doble. 18 Figura 5 Componentes de los sistemas CAD/CAM. 24 Figura 6 Pieza tipo capullo. 30 Figura 7 Contracción del plástico moldeado 31 Figura 8 Borde de corte y cavidad para residuo. 35 Figura 9 Canales de refrigeración en el cuerpo delantero del molde. 36 Figura 10 Junta 37 Figura 11 Anillo
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