NATIONAL PLAN FOR ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS

NATIONAL PLAN FOR ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS

INDEX Page

INTRODUCTION ...... 3 OBJECTIVES AND METHOD FOR THE PLAN’S REVISION ...... 4

1. BACKGROUND ...... 6 1.1.- Inception of the Plan ...... 6 1.2.- Groundwork...... 6 1.3.- Initial objectives ...... 7 1.4.- Actions undertaken by the IPCE after signing the Agreement ...... 8 1.5.- The initial Plan’s background document (2003)...... 9

2. METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS ...... 13 2.1.- Analysis of the initial Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents ...... 13 2.2.- Intervention criteria ...... 14 2.3.- Method of action ...... 17 2.4.- Coordination of actions ...... 19 2.5.- Co-funding and co-responsibility ...... 20 2.6.- Risk Charter ...... 21 2.7.- Inventory and Classification of Assets ...... 24 2.7.1.- Typology of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents ...... 24 2.7.2.- Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents listed as Assets of Cultural Interest 25 2.7.3.- Proposal for Standard Data Sheet ...... 27

3. PROGRAMMING OF ACTIONS ...... 34 3.1.- Programming criteria ...... 34 3.2.- Actions involving preventive protection and conservation, conservation and restoration, documentation and research, training, accessibility and dissemination .... 35

4. EXECUTION AND MONITORING ...... 38 4.1.- Economic-financial study ...... 38 4.2.- Control and monitoring of the Plan ...... 42 4.3.- Validity and reviews of the Plan ...... 42

APPENDIX I TYPOLOGY OF ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS ...... 43 APPENDIX II LIST OF ASSETS OF CULTURAL INTEREST ...... 58 APPENDIX III EXAMPLE OF COMPLETION OF THE STANDARD DATA SHEET ...... 86 APPENDIX IV STANDARD CONTENT OF THE MASTER AND DOCUMENTATION PLAN FOR ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS ...... 98 APPENDIX V DATA SHEETS ON MOVABLE ASSETS AND BOOKS AND DOCUMENTS ...... 106 APPENDIX VI COPY OF THE COLLABORATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORT AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH ON THE NATIONAL PLAN FOR ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS ...... 121

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 2 of 126 INTRODUCTION

The National Cultural Heritage Plans are heritage management instruments that define an action methodology and programme interventions to coordinate the actions of various bodies from the Administration on a complex ensemble of cultural assets.

The National Plans were launched in the second half of the 1980s once the competences on heritage had been transferred to the Autonomous Communities and a new Historical Heritage Law was in place. The Cathedrals Plan, the first to be launched, began to be drafted in 1987 and was approved in 1990. It was followed by the Plans for Industrial Heritage, Defensive Architecture, Cultural Landscape and Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents in the first decade of the 21st Century.

Regulatory framework of reference

The legal basis for the national plans is found in Act 16/1985 on Spanish Historical Heritage, which stipulates in its second article that “the State Administration shall adopt the necessary measures to facilitate collaboration with the remainder of public authorities and of these amongst themselves, and to collect and provide as much information as may be necessary”1. It also states that “communication and exchange of action programmes and information relative to Spanish Historical Heritage will be provided by the Heritage Council”2.

However, the National Conservation Plan instrument is not defined in the Act. In article thirty-five, the Historical Heritage Act states that “for the protection of the assets comprising Spanish Historical Heritage, and in order to facilitate people’s access to them, foster communication between different services and provide the necessary information for conducting scientific and technical research, National Information Plans on Spanish Historical Heritage will be formulated from time to time”, and attributes the competence for drafting and approving such plans to the Spanish Historical Heritage Council.

Moreover, Royal Decree 565 of 24 April 1985, which creates the Institute for the Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Assets, includes among its purposes “the drafting of plans for the conservation and restoration of Spanish Historical Heritage”3. This function has always been maintained in successive decrees of the Ministry of Culture’s functional reorganisation.

The National Conservation Plans merge and synthesise the National Information Plans covered by the Historical Heritage Act, which is the competence of the Heritage Council, and the Conservation and Restoration Plans covered by the Decree that created the ICRBC, today the Spanish Cultural Heritage Institute (IPCE).

In practice the National Conservation Plans have essentially been instruments for organising the actions of the State Administration, drafted and programmed by

1 Act 16/1985 of 25 June on Spanish Historical Heritage. Article two, section 2 2 Act 16/1985 of 25 June on Spanish Historical Heritage. Article three, section 1 3 Royal Decree 565 of 24 April 1985 National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 3 of 126 the current Spanish Cultural Heritage Institute and approved in the Heritage Council.

After two decades of having these management instruments in place, it is time to review their results, analyse their contents, update their proposals and propose new plans for the appropriate conservation of our cultural heritage.

OBJECTIVES AND METHOD FOR THE PLAN’S REVISION

The Historical Heritage Council, in its session of 11 and 12 March 2010, in Santiago de Compostela, proposed a revision process of the existing National Plans and the creation of new ones.

To this end, the Spanish Cultural Heritage Institute made an open call to all Autonomous Communities and received participation proposals from several of them, while also convening the Spanish Episcopal Conference, experts on this issue and technicians from the Institute.

A Commission was created to revise the National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents, comprised of the following members:

AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES:

- ANDALUSIA: José Cuaresma Pardo, Head of the Historical Heritage Conservation and Works Service.

- CASTILE–LA MANCHA: Álvaro Ruiz de la Torre, Technician in the Heritage and Archaeology Service.

- LA RIOJA: Mª Nieves González Cabrero, Head of the Heritage Conservation Service.

EPISCOPAL CONFERENCE:

- Manuel Iñiguez Ruiz de Clavijo, Director of the Secretariat of the Episcopal Heritage Commission.

EXTERNAL EXPERTS:

- José Félix de Vicente y Rodríguez, Architect.

- Javier Campos Fernández de Sevilla, Teacher at Mª Cristina School, El Escorial.

- Eduardo Barceló de Torres, Architect.

IPCE:

- Pedro García Adán, Restorer

- Ana Carrassón López de Letona, Restorer

- Concepción Cirujano Gutiérrez, Restorer

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 4 of 126 (General National Plans Coordinator)

- Mª Pía Timón Tiemblo, Ethnologist

(Coordinator of the National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents)

- Carlos Jiménez Cuenca, Head of the Cultural Assets Intervention Area

(Coordinator of the National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents)

The objective is to analyse the Plan from its inception to the present time to obtain a diagnosis and, on that basis and on this heritage ensemble’s current needs, propose a methodological strategy, programming of actions and execution and monitoring leading to an improvement in the actions on such assets by all the administrations and any other body that participates in the process.

In regard to the timeline of the Commission’s activities, and taking into account that the Plan’s revision by the Heritage Council had to be approved in the Third Quarter of 2011, the following WORKING TIMEFRAME was established:

16-12-10.- 1st Meeting of the Commission. Incorporation and approach.

- 24-01-11.- Reception of proposals from the members of the Commission

- 10-02-11.-The IPCE submits a first draft of the Plan Revision Document, including contributions received up to 24-01-11

17-02-11.- 2nd Meeting of the Commission. Exposé of the Plan’s revision status and debate and submission of proposals.

- 31-03-11.- Reception of proposals, new contributions and corrections to the Document, to be submitted by the members of the Commission.

- 14-04-11.- The IPCE submits a second draft of the Plan Revision Document, including contributions received up to 31-03-11

28-04-11.- 3rd Meeting of the Commission. Exposé of the Plan’s revision status and debate and submission of proposals.

- 20-05-11.- Reception of proposals, new contributions and corrections to the Document, to be submitted by the members of the Commission by email on BLOCKS 1, 2, 3 and 4

- 14-06-11.- The IPCE submits a third draft of the Plan Revision Document, including contributions received up to 20-05-11

16-06-11.- 4th Meeting of the Commission. Exposé of the Final Text for the Revision Document of the National Plan for Abbeys, Convents and Monasteries, debate and final clarifications. Dissolution of the Commission.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 5 of 126 1. BACKGROUND

1.1.- Inception of the Plan

The reasons that led to establishing a National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents were several and diverse. First we witnessed a process of change, abandonment and closure of many of these ensembles as a consequence of society’s evolution and in parallel the advance of acculturation processes owing to the arrival of members of religious orders from other cultures who introduced new values and uses. These factors led these ensembles, with their important heritage values, to be increasingly vulnerable.

We also confirmed an increased demand for the IPCE to undertake interventions different abbeys, monasteries and convents through the generic Religious Architecture Programme. It should be kept in mind that a high number of these are listed as Assets of Cultural Interest (in excess of 500). Lastly there was the social and cultural appeal that such Assets are currently enjoying. Unlike cathedrals, they were highly varied in regard to legal ownership. This was therefore the time to pool resources and reflect on this type of Cultural Heritage, which is so important, unique, differentiated, vulnerable and unknown to our society.

1.2.- Groundwork

The first course of action was to stage specific sessions to study their status and lay the foundations for the Plan’s theoretical and methodological implementation. The IPCE called on a series of experts and representatives from the Spanish Episcopal Conference and from the religious orders and representatives of the Autonomous Communities. These sessions were held in the “Real Colegio Universitario de María Cristina” of San Lorenzo del Escorial in 2002.

An initial document was agreed and drafted as a result of this meeting to establish the bases, criteria and legal aspects associated with the protection and conservation of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. The work was organised into four general sections:

-Legal aspects -Heritage values -Methodology of actions -Compatible uses The aspects treated and agreed at these sessions (the document is attached below), made it advisable for public intervention on these elements to be balanced with opening to visitors any ensembles where publicly-funded interventions had been made, provided conservation was ensured and the liturgical rhythm and monastic life was not altered. The importance of conserving movable and immovable assets was stressed, in particular the intangible or immaterial heritage contained in the suite of spiritual and liturgical experiences in a silent setting.

A Drafting Team for this National Plan was formed after the sessions, comprised

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 6 of 126 of experts from the Episcopal Conference and the State Administration.

The last meeting to debate and outline the Plan was held in the Monastery of Montserrat in June 2003 and was then transferred to the legal services of the Church and the State. The novelty with regard to the Cathedrals Plan was that this one, in addition to movable assets, included an inventory of Intangible Heritage.

After completing this legal phase, and while awaiting the signature of the Minister of Education, Culture and Sport and the President of the Spanish Episcopal Conference, the Church distributed a questionnaire to all Monasteries and Convents listed as Assets of Cultural Interest, to be completed by them and informing them of the imminent implementation of the National Plan.

The Collaboration Agreement for the launch of the National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents was signed by the Church (Episcopal Conference) and the State on 25 March 2004 (the signed agreement is attached as Appendix VI) and was reported in the daily press on the next day:

26-03-04.- News item in the El País daily, “Church and Government sign a national plan for abbeys and monasteries”

26-03-04.- News item in the ABC daily, “The PSOE will maintain the programmes for the protection of Church heritage” (reports the signing of the Agreement)

1.3.- Initial objectives

While the theoretical and methodological contents of the Plan can be read in its background document (section 5 of this document), the basic objectives are summarised below:

-To address the rapid deterioration and high vulnerability of this extensive heritage (owing to lack of vocation, acculturation phenomena caused by the arrival of foreign religious and closure of many buildings for lack of use).

-To more comprehensively open this heritage to society and search for compatible or alternative uses so that it can be sustained and its closure and abandonment prevented.

-To conduct research in this field according to a type of Master and Documentation Plan that, besides regular architectural and historical information, emphasises the study and collection of information on intangible heritage associated with these elements as well as ethnographic and documentary heritage, economic and technological activities, social dimension, religious practices, music and literature, etc, in a broad and integrating vision.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 7 of 126 1.4.- Actions undertaken by the IPCE after signing the Agreement

Initially, objectives were based on acquiring documentation on the most relevant convent ensembles in Spain to launch a pilot action in each one of them as a first step.

The IPCE technicians appointed as the Plan’s coordinators started on a round of visits to specific ensembles, among which were Santa Isabel la Real of Granada, Las Carboneras of Madrid and The Trinitarians of San Ildefonso in Madrid.

Reports were drafted for the three ensembles, proposing the Trinitarians as the first experience for the Plan’s development. This convent, besides proximity, was rich in heritage not only from the architectural point of view and its movable assets but also, uniquely, its intangible heritage, a new and hitherto untapped aspect and one of the Plan’s challenges. There were also the convent’s close links to the world of letters: in its keeping are the mortal remains of Cervantes, his daughter Isabel de Saavedra became a nun here and an illegitimate daughter of Lope de Vega was the prioress Sister Marcela de San Félix.

A List of Technical Specifications was drafted (in September 2004) containing important novelties for the Master Plans and Interventions undertaken to date, emphasising the study and recording of intangible heritage inherent to the religious community and the convent’s activities.

However, while the Collaboration Agreement between the Ministry of Culture and the Episcopal Conference was signed on 25 March 2004, it was never put in practice or funded.

The first experience proposed for the convent of the Trinitarians has not been carried out, nor have the novel proposals for the treatment of this heritage. Only in Order Cul/596/2005 prescribing the publication of the Inter-ministerial Commission Agreement for coordinating the cultural one per cent does the name of this Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents appear, together with the one for Cathedrals. These plans are open to the investment of the 1%.

Subsequently, the importance of this Plan’s essential aspects has been under the spotlight on several occasions, as in the recent sessions on Intangible Heritage organised by the IPCE in 2009 in Teruel, which again addressed the need for a unique treatment for intangible heritage.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 8 of 126 1.5.- The initial Plan’s background document (2003).

The Plan’s background document, which is the basis for the Agreement subsequently signed in 2004 (attached as an Appendix), records the conclusions of the El Escorial meeting. It has not been published and is thus unread. We believe its contents remain fully valid (with contributions from the present Revision process). This Document is transcribed below:

“NATIONAL PLAN FOR ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS

The ensemble of assets reflecting specific forms of community group life, lived according to the charisma of the various “rules”, is a noteworthy one within Spanish Historical Heritage and combines different types of values:

-specific architectural models consistent with the different religious orders (Benedictine, Cistercian, Carthusian, Mendicant, etc) through establishing specific spaces that meet each need of the “regulated life” (church, chapter, choir, refectory and dormitory) or specific spaces for the quotidian working life (buttery, kitchen, scriptorium, warming room, library, reredorter, etc). These spaces invariably surround a cloister, the fundamental lynchpin. Another series of spaces, formerly intended for “converts” and duplicating both the liturgical and quotidian spatial elements and services, are integrated into the monastery’s planimetric layout without any point of intersection. As a specific invariant of monasticism, they created a standard planimetric model.

-an intangible heritage comprised of a suite of spiritual and liturgical experiences lived in a setting of silence, divided into annual cycles (Advent, Christmas, Lent, Passion Week, Holy Week, the Resurrection, Whitsun and Ordinary Time) and daily cycles: Liturgy of the Hours (Matins, Lauds, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers and Compline). Music and Chanting as an accompaniment to liturgy, the source of scores and choir books that, together with the collection of musical instruments, form part of the rich monastic culture. This group is enriched with specific knowledge and activities undertaken in everyday monastic or convent life (culinary, crafts, manual labour, confectionery, old pharmacopoeia prescriptions, elixirs, liquors and syrups, etc).

-a vast suite of movable assets associated with each liturgical use and function (choir stalls, lecterns, girandoles, altarpieces, liturgical robes and furnishings, imagery, paintings, liturgical furniture, gold- and silverwork, lay clergy, choir books, etc), with devotional life (cabinets, small devotional altars, reliquaries, mystical baskets, etc) and with quotidian life (kitchen utensils, implements for craftwork, for farming and livestock breeding, druggist’s objects, etc), as well as the important cultural heritage conserved in their archives and libraries.

As a living inheritance, this heritage contains profoundly human values in our society: creative silence, opening up to transcendence… that makes of its conservation a task not only of protection but also of creation and enrichment.

These assets comprise a living historical heritage in which the constituent elements continue to serve the purposes for which they were originally created. They mostly maintain their initial invariants established by the different “Rules”,

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 9 of 126 in a context of community life that conserves and transmits them to subsequent generations. Moreover, they also represent sociological and ethnological values conserved through the different rites, customs and habits throughout the history of monasticism.

In recent years, given the rapid evolution of life today, liturgical changes, the lack of vocation for consecrated life and the advanced age of the religious mean that this heritage and its historical values are more vulnerable. We are seeing monasteries closing down owing to a lack of people. In parallel, acculturation processes are taking place as a result of religious arriving from other foreign cultures who introduce new values and uses, representing a break in the transmission of the original traditional uses. Liturgical changes lead to the elimination of elements (pulpits, grilles, ornaments, choir books, disciplines, etc) that place them in grave danger of deterioration or, in the worst cases, of disappearing.

Sensitive to this situation, the Catholic Church and the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport are addressing it by drafting a National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents to provide the necessary instrumental means to protect and enhance this very important yet unknown heritage for today’s society.

Conservation and restoration interventions must perforce encompass not only the architectural and typological aspects of buildings but also above-described values (movable heritage, intangible heritage, liturgical heritage, domestic and quotidian heritage, etc). Exhaustive documentation and research will have to be undertaken, not only to analyse and document this heritage but also as a study of the mechanisms required for revitalising the ensembles and their viability. Emphasis shall also be placed on the need to raise awareness of this heritage in society and to search for uses and activities compatible with the specificity and uniqueness of monastic life in each particular case in order to revitalise them in a perfect symbiosis with the respect due to the spirit of silence and withdrawal and with the sustained development of these ensembles, so that compensatory social benefits can be found for the investments made by the administrations. This task will demand the help of those who form the living community that inhabits these monasteries and convents, who will have to be heard and respected when expressing their needs.

For all these reasons, we enter into this agreement and

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 10 of 126 STATE

1.-That the Central and Autonomous Administrations and the Catholic Church in Spain, represented by the Episcopal Conference and the Spanish Conference of the Religious, agree on the initiative and interest of attending to this historical heritage and on enabling the instrumental means for its conservation.

2.- That the Central and Autonomous Administrations recognise the religious and cultural function and purposes of Convents and Monasteries within the structure of the Catholic Church as well as the rights it holds over them but, while respecting said purposes and rights, also recognises the relevance of these assets in Spanish history and culture and the need to conserve and enhance them.

3.-That there is a need to act jointly in regard to improving their knowledge, documentation, conservation, maintenance and custody.

In this regard, the Church must act as the owner of these religious buildings, and the Central Administration and the Autonomous Communities through the subsidiary action that has its basis in the Constitution and in Act 16/85 on Spanish Historical Heritage.

Any joint actions undertaken shall be agreed in each case within the Agreement signed by the Spanish State and the Holy See on Education and Cultural Affairs.

For the aforementioned reasons, both parties agree to sign this Agreement in accordance with the following

CLAUSES

1st.- Scope of application.

Any actions undertaken for the better knowledge, documentation, conservation, restoration, enhancement and sustainable development of the elements that comprise historical heritage associated with convents and monasteries.

2nd.- Validity.

The validity of this agreement shall be indefinite, with a review every three years.

3rd.- Requests.

Requests for works shall be submitted to the Subdirectorate-General of the Spanish Historical Heritage Institute through the Episcopal Conference or the Spanish Conference of the Religious and with the approval of the Autonomous Community in which the convent or monastery is located.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 11 of 126 4th.- Requirements for admittance of requests.

1.- The convent or monastery has to be listed as an Asset of Cultural Interest.

2.-Any convents or monasteries housing a religious community have to accredit the foreseeable permanence of this accommodation.

3.-Any convents or monasteries that have closed down owing to a lack of religious occupants shall have to accredit special heritage or historical interest as well as specific viability of use that justifies their admittance.

4.-Any interventions, ethnographic studies or other studies or works undertaken should have the purpose of improving the knowledge, documentation, conservation, restoration, enhancement and sustainable development of the elements comprising the historical heritage associated with convents and monasteries.

5th.- Priority of actions.

In convents and monasteries that meet the above requirements, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport shall establish priorities for actions based on the following criteria:

They should be integral ensembles both in typological and architectural terms as repositories of high artistic, ethnographic, liturgical, devotional and other values.

The monument’s integration into its setting should be conserved. Priority shall be given to interventions on ensembles that maintain their integration in their original setting (whether a historic centre or a natural or rural landscape) rather than to ensembles situated out of their context.

They should b ensembles with the right characteristics for establishing compatible uses that ensure their viability, especially in cases where they are located in areas of high tourist, social and cultural demand.

6th.- Obligations of both parties.

The Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport engages to include in the annual expenditure proposals formulated for the drafting of the General State Budget any loans required for funding the interventions undertaken under this Agreement in the corresponding fiscal year.

As a compensatory measure for works undertaken, the Convent or Monastery subject to such works shall authorise access to the public, even if partial and conditional, as well as to the public specialised in scientific pursuits and to the public interested in the cultural values of the Convent or Monastery, with due respect to the spirit of silence and withdrawal.”

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 12 of 126 2. METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS

2.1.- Analysis of the initial Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents

The Plan was launched to address the rapid deterioration and high vulnerability of this vast heritage (due to lack of vocation, acculturation phenomena owing to the arrival of foreign religious and the closing down of many buildings for lack of use). It was based on the Technical Sessions organised by the IPCE in El Escorial on 26 and 27 November 2002, with representatives of the Religious Orders, the Episcopal Conference and various experts and representatives from the Autonomous Communities. It took the form of a Technical Document coordinated by the IPCE that defined the Plan’s theoretical principles as well as an Action Protocol, which are still unpublished.

Today, once more aware of the grave vulnerability affecting this heritage and the advances made in the growing awareness of the need to address the conservation of intangible heritage, which has such weight in this case, the IPCE proposes to resume the implementation of this Plan and revise its methodology and contents.

One of the challenges challenges for the Plan’s success is establishing compatible uses and management models leading to the continuity and conservation of these ensembles while involving society in the process. The aim is to achieve models for the sustainability of the ensembles, suited to the needs and reasoning behind each monument. Actions should involve preservation, research and dissemination (social outreach) and sustainability (economic resources) while maintaining compatibility with the religious life.

Moreover, any actions undertaken with public funds should be complemented with other actions such as visits from the public, dissemination, preventive conservation, maintenance, etc, adapted to the specificities of each Asset of Cultural Interest while maintaining compatibility with religious use.

An aspect insufficiently addressed at the outset of the Plan is cultural landscape, the protection and conservation of which is now one of the goals of this Revision. The Plan’s integrating aim justifies the need to protect and conserve Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents in the territorial structure in which they stand, understanding landscape to be intimately tied to the monastic ensembles that stand on it and interpreting it in its historical and heritage dimension, the result of interaction with human factors.

While these are aspects already addressed in the past, the Revision of the Plan should also more comprehensively examine the appropriate treatment for intangible heritage and the application of preventive conservation as well as co-responsibility and co-funding mechanisms for preserving this heritage.

The goal is to advance in developing the theoretical framework in place and to continue the Plan’s implementation, which has to attain the right form and content for submission to and approval by the Heritage Council.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 13 of 126 2.2.- Intervention criteria

The Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents is intended to be an indispensable management instrument in establishing coordinated strategies for the knowledge, protection, research and conservation of this heritage ensemble.

Regulatory and legal aspects

The applicable intervention criteria should rigorously observe all aspects of heritage conservation provided for by the current Act 16/1985 on Spanish Historical Heritage, Autonomous legislations on cultural heritage and national and international recommendations on this issue and the most widely established criteria in the discipline of conservation and restoration today. They will also take into account the Agreements between the Spanish State and the Holy See, especially the Agreement of 3 January 1979 on education and cultural affairs, although the complex ownership of many of these assets may give rise to highly diverse situations.

General Criteria

An appropriate working method is an indispensable requirement in achieving this. Heritage conservation and restoration must take into account that the specific peculiarities of each case, each setting, each cultural and social context mean that no universal rule can be accepted as the norm with any guaranteed chances of success. This is why these tasks should establish a working method that tackles the task as objectively as possible. This working method must be based on the premise that any conservation and restoration proposal is dependent on strategies derived from the best knowledge of the asset acquired through an interdisciplinary vision, seeking to apply all available scientific and technical means.

This means that before any intervention, interdisciplinary studies should first be conducted to gain as much knowledge as possible on the assets and their setting. Synthesising and evaluating all the information and knowledge acquired through these studies will support any intervention proposals undertaken. Even so, the actual intervention process will generate new information that should be documented and evaluated in an ongoing process of reconsidering the initial hypothesis as knowledge on the assets progresses.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 14 of 126

Instruments

The Master and Documentation Plan is an instrument for research, knowledge, strategy planning and coordination in each one of the ensembles that comprise Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents.

These new “Master and Documentation Plans”, as well as including regular architectural and historical information, give a central role to the study and collection of information on the intangible heritage associated with these elements as well as on landscape, ethnographic, movable, documentary and bibliographic heritage, economic and technological activities, the social dimension, religious practices, music and literature etc., in a broad and integrating vision.

The Master and Documentation Plans should have the greatest possible consensus between the Administrations and entities involved in the conservation of these assets. They should act as an effective tool for the better knowledge and documentation of ensembles, for diagnosing and outlining necessary interventions and as a reference framework through which to coordinate all actions, regardless of participant. Its programming horizon is approximately 10 years, with an intermediate review at 5 years. Given the uniqueness of this heritage within this National Plan, an Appendix with the appropriate “standard” content for these master and documentation plans is attached.

Generally speaking, interventions should only be carried out on ensembles with a Master and Documentation Plan and these interventions should consider actions contained and foreseen in the Plan while also enjoying the approval of the owners of the assets and of the corresponding Autonomous Community as the competent administration in matters of heritage.

Intangible heritage

In this heritage ensemble, documenting intangible and ethnographic heritage is an indispensable protection and conservation measure and should be given equal status with the conservation of the architectural shell and the assets it contains.

Accessibility and Dissemination

The treatment of accessibility in a broad sense should be given a greater role in the Plan, not only in its physical aspects but also in giving access to knowledge on the assets. Visits by the general public should be encouraged, in particular the parts on which publicly funded interventions have been carried out and which involve the recovery or restoration of spaces that had previously not been open to visits, so that public investment has immediate social recognition. It must of course also safeguard the function of worship, the liturgical needs and monastic or convent life.

Social accessibility must be adapted to the conditions of use and compatibility with the religious life and the community’s rules, but access to the monastery

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 15 of 126 should not only have the objective of learning about the monument and attending religious services; it should also be completed with other local or regional cultural activities.

To the extent possible and appropriate in each case, monasteries should have a minimum necessary structure to ensure acceptable levels of accessibility to the monument; the visitor reception centre should appropriately present the ensemble and offer information on cultural routes and networks in the region.

Dissemination, communication and stimulation strategies should be defined in a museological programme that sets the contents and visitor itinerary. The museological programme and museographic montage, besides making the significance of the ensemble more comprehensible, should inspire and connect with the visitor. The itinerary should identify the building from unusual positions and infrequently-visited spaces to enlighten visitors on monastic life when this is compatible with the life of the religious community.

The route should extend to the building’s exterior and include kitchen gardens, water supply sources and other landscape elements shaped by the foundation of the monastic complex.

It should also provide physical accessibility to facilitate visits by the public, adapting the building to the regulations whenever possible, eliminating architectural barriers, making it accessible to people with reduced mobility or any other disability.

Preventive Conservation and Maintenance

Likewise, preventive conservation and maintenance should be implemented clearly and decisively. These aspects, which are normally insufficiently addressed, should be dealt with continuously and permanently.

Preventive conservation programmes should be undertaken. This requires a preliminary identification and risk evaluation phase to design prevention strategies and set action priorities.

A monitoring and control plan should also be designed for these ensembles, covering the resulting maintenance works required to ensure that indispensable restoration works executed with public funds are long-lasting. Given its lower cost (compared to interventions), and being an ongoing task in close and continuous proximity to the assets, it seems sensible that it should be mainly assumed by the people directly responsible for the Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents.

Social participation

Given the loss of cultural continuity, contemporary society exhibits a strong interest in the past and values the historical legacy of preceding generations while viewing the past as a primary asset in our collective identity.

Heritage is considered by advanced societies as a testimony of their civilisation. Direct contact with this legacy, beyond its history, data and documents, is a key source for learning about its manifestations.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 16 of 126

Improvements in communications, the possibilities of mobility and the expansion of education and teaching in general translate into a closer tie between society and heritage that today is an important factor in cultural demand.

The regionalisation policy of nations, managed through the Autonomous alternative, has developed an interest in analysing and identifying the cultural landscape and its historical context, rediscovering and enhancing natural assets and local heritage. Local societies are undoubtedly enjoying a rapprochement to their past through documentary research but also through physical remains and inherited objects, with historic-archaeological heritage playing a role of the first order in contemporary society’s cultural demands.

In this context, monasteries are a first-rate component in understanding territorial structure and the productive, political and cultural systems of our regions’ past. This consequently translates into a growing interest in learning about them.

The function of cultural tourism should also be viewed as a source of resources supporting the conservation of the monument as well as a crucial factor in local development, interweaving it with the area’s other heritage and natural assets. Creatiing a regional framework to articulate heritage and natural resources is thus of great interest, as this would generate a complex and diversified offering linked to the existing cultural routes and networks in the region.

Today, the cultural function opens up new horizons in the appropriate use of heritage and historic sites if this function is additionally complemented with the right use and protection of the landscape that contains them. Analysing the area’s heritage and natural resources will generate new cultural initiatives by strengthening and giving a new direction to the cultural routes and networks being developed by local and Autonomous entities. Strategies should be targeted under a new sensibility tending towards the integration and participation of the locality, involving the local and regional communities.

The involvement of local entities as an active part of the project will help to revitalise the ensemble, and heritage values will make a positive impact in the context of social policies and sustainable development.

In any event, cultural policy should ensure that society’s greater participation does not disturb the silence of these venues. Intangible heritage should be analysied and strategies established for its preservation.

2.3.- Method of action

In connection with the intervention criteria described above, the method of action will include the following main steps:

1.- Identification of assets

2.- Protection

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 17 of 126 3.- Study of the assets

4.- Establishing general strategies

5.- Actions

6.- Ongoing processes: Research, Documentation, Preventive Conservation, Dissemination, etc.

1.- Identification of assets

The first step in treating a cultural heritage ensemble is identifying the elements that comprise it. This is undertaken through inventories, catalogues, etc.

In Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents, they are wide-ranging ensembles spread around the entire territory.

A study was conducted for this National Plan revision process that resulted in the numerical list shown in section 2.7.2 and the comprehensive list featured as Appendix II with elements listed as Assets of Cultural Interest, for which the Basic Data Sheet shown in section 2.7.3 is being completed.

2.- Protection of assets

After delimiting the ensemble of assets, the next step is establishing the degree of protection they require.

The National Plan must centre its goals on ensembles enjoying the highest degree of protection granted by the current Act 16/1985 on Spanish Historical Heritage, i.e., any assets listed as being of cultural interest. However, this should not prevent a case-by-case review of each listing to check their complete suitability or their need for specific modifications, such as those relative to delimiting protected elements and protection environments, individualised listings of some of the elements they contain and, especially in this case, intangible heritage as an essential element.

3.- Study of the assets

After delimiting the suite of assets and establishing their degree of protection, the next phase involves acquiring as much knowledge as possible on these assets and their setting by conducting a range of interdisciplinary studies applicable to each case. Any working strategy on cultural assets must be based on and underpinned by the study of such assets from every possible angle.

As pilot examples and for this Plan Revision process being performed by the IPCE, a study on a group of six elements is being conducted leading to a Comprehensive Data Sheet for each one of them, with the scope and contents recorded in section 2.7.3. It is advisable to extend this methodology to all listed Assets of Cultural Interest through the collaboration of all stakeholders.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 18 of 126 4.- Establishing general strategies

Based on previous studies (analysis phase), a synthesis and evaluation phase should be launched for all the information and knowledge acquired on the cultural asset to establish the different coordinated strategies of every description required for its conservation.

Sections 3 and 4 are combined and condensed in the Master and Documentation Plans for each Abbey, Monastery and/or Convent according to the complexity of each case. To this end, this National Plan revision provides an Appendix with a proposal for Master and Documentation Plan contents that should incorporate certain topics not usually found in common master plans, especially for ethnographic and intangible heritage.

5.- Actions

As a consequence of the above processes, an orderly and prioritised action programme will be drafted for the different fields involved in cultural heritage treatment (documentation, conservation, restoration, rehabilitation, maintenance, preventive conservation, research, enhancement, management, dissemination, accessibility, etc). These actions will be based on acquired knowledge and formulated strategies, expanding and pinpointing them according to the information yielded by the intervention process. They should be undertaken in a coordinated manner between all stakeholders under the guidelines and priorities set by the Master and Documentation Plan.

6.- Ongoing processes: Documentation, Preventive Conservation, Dissemination, etc.

Transversally to any method of action, several ongoing and permanent functions should be undertaken, such as:

- Ongoing documentation on any part of the process, from start to completion.

- Maintenance and Preventive Conservation of assets and actions performed on them.

- Dissemination of the asset’s values.

- Physical accessibility and accessibility to knowledge on the assets comprising this heritage.

2.4.- Coordination of actions

The National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents is a common methodological framework covering the actions of any public administration, private entity and of society in general.

This requires a high degree of coordination so that they all participate in a manner consistent with the best conservation of the assets and with the knowledge of all stakeholders. The instrument for setting the guidelines and

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 19 of 126 organising the process is the Master and Documentation Plan.

While on a proximate scale the above-mentioned Master and Documentation Plans set the strategic lines to be followed in each ensemble, specific instruments should be enabled for coordinating the different implementation levels of the National Plan in general and the Master and Documentation Plans in each specific case, according to two monitoring and coordination scales:

a) Monitoring Commission of the National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents.

This Commission should be comprised of representatives from: -Autonomous Communities -Episcopal Conference -External experts -Ministry of Culture

Overall, their mission should be the coordination and monitoring of the National Plan’s progress: general strategies, programming of actions by Autonomous Communities, National Plan revision process .

b) Monitoring Commissions of the Master and Documentation Plans for each Abbey, Monastery and Convent.

This Commission should be comprised of representatives from: -Autonomous Communities -Religious congregation -Master and Documentation Plan technicians -Specialists in specific topics, according to requirement

Their mission in each Abbey, Monastery and/or Convent, should be coordinating and monitoring compliance of each Master and Documentation Plan: specific strategies in each case, programming of actions, revision process of each Master and Documentation Plan and providing information for the National Plan Commission.

The functioning of these Commissions should lead to greater reciprocity in the information exchanged between public administrations, stakeholders and society in general.

2.5.- Co-funding and co-responsibility

The National Plan’s goal is to organise the actions of the different agents intervening in the conservation of cultural heritage. A balance should be established in budget contributions to define coordinated actions between public administrations, owners of the assets and public and private entities so that forward-looking interventions can be programmed according to sustainability criteria.

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The criteria applied in prioritising actions should take the level of co-funding into account to promote high co-participation and co-responsibility among all stakeholders. Public investment should have clear social outreach and to to this end access should be given to assets on which conservation-restoration has been performed, enabling both their study and knowledge through visits from the public and awareness-raising activities on the significance of the contents and actions undertaken while making it compatible with their liturgical function.

Investment of public funds in the conservation and restoration of ensembles should lead to opening the assets to visits from the public after taking all necessary precautions as well as to,dissemination, physical accessibility and accessibility to knowledge on actions and contents. These should not affect the assets and interference in liturgical use and monastic and convent life should always be prevented. Respect should always be shown for the silence in which this life unfolds.

Public investment should have immediate social recognition. Any subsequent new actions should comply with these requirements.

Finally, any conservation-restoration actions should come with a guarantee that the assets will be ordinarily maintained, a critical requirement for their conservation, and in this the owners of the assets play a relevant role given the ongoing nature of this type of action.

2.6.- Risk Charter

Objectives

A risk charter establishes the systems and procedures that allow conservation and restoration interventions on cultural assets to be programmed (Pio Baldi, “Risk-Preparedness in Cultural Heritage”).

As much information as possible should be obtained to foresee and schedule which interventions should be most urgently undertaken while bearing the variables of time and cost in mind. Interventions should not be delayed until the damage has occurred, a common practice in the past.

Such interventions should be undertaken before the damage effectively occurs instead of making the usual repairs after the event.

Establishing working lines involving inspections and (preventive) interventions is based on two postulations made by the Architect and Project Director of the ICR (Italian Central Restoration Institute), Pio Baldi: - Making small maintenance interventions and preventive repairs generally entails a smaller financial investment compared to the necessary interventions to repair damage that has already occurred.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 21 of 126 - In the cultural asset conservation sector the damage, once occurred, is often irreparable.

Methodology

In drafting the risk charter it is crucial to evaluate Deterioration Risks in order to prioritise the allocation of resources for controlling them.

The Risk Charter, in the case of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents, should therefore reveal the link between the heritage contained in these ensembles, their state of conservation and the risk factors that can lead to its deterioration.

The Charter should contain a territorial distribution of the assets and provide information on the risk factors inherent to that ensemble. It includes the following categories in generic terms:

 Risk factors relating to stability and watertightness - Seismic risk - Geotechnics (influence of the ground) - Hydrogeology (groundwater, rainfall, etc.) - Detachment of material - …

 Risk factors relating to environment - Air pollution in the surroundings (urban, industrial, etc.) - Impact of specific climate (microclimate)

 Anthropic risk factors - Demographic variations - Intensity of tourist use - Abandonment of the building (lack of conservation) - Incidents such as theft, vandalism, etc. - Use and Handling

 Social and political factors - Globalising policies - Acculturation phenomena

The Charter should determine the risk thresholds and grades for each factor, to draft thematic maps.

In making an appropriate assessment, two basic aspects should be considered: the seriousness of the consequences of the risks and the likelihood of such risks occurring.

The seriousness of the damage caused in objects when certain circumstances occur involving a deterioration risk depends directly on issues associated with the nature of the objects, their state of conservation and their use in display or storage.

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The likelihood of deterioration occurring depends directly on different aspects associated with ambient conditions, anthropic factors to do with the use of cultural assets, display or storage facilities and their maintenance.

These variables will be assessed jointly in a subsequent step once the state of conservation of the heritage ensembles has been analysed, leading to a map or Charter of the vulnerability, of the Risk, of this heritage.

This process demands an arduous diagnosis through the use of analysis and monitoring techniques appropriate to each case and parameter, leading to a scientifically upheld evaluation of the state of conservation while also establishing thresholds and grades as in the case of risk.

Lastly, the work will consist of synthesising the territorial distribution of the heritage, state of conservation and risk factors that determine degree of vulnerability in order to propose control methods.

This synthesis, the Risk Charter, will be the programming instrument for identifying the most vulnerable cultural assets and, consequently, the conservation and restoration interventions required. This instrument should be available to all agents involved in asset conservation, owners, public administrations and society in general.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 23 of 126 2.7.- Inventory and Classification of Assets

2.7.1.- Typology of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents

Below is a synthetic chart of the general typology of abbeys, monasteries and convents as recorded in Appendix I of this document, providing information on the source and general characteristics, development and dissemination in Spain and architectural typology for each one of the types:

Benedictine Order

Cistercian Order MONASTICISM Carthusian Order

Premonstratensian Order

ACCORDING Franciscan Order TO THE MENDICANT CHARISMA OF Dominican Order ORDERS THE ORDERS Other Mendicant Orders

Hieronymite Order

SPANISH Conceptionist Order ORDERS Order of Santiago

Sanctuaries

Relevance of elements such as Hostelry, Hospital, etc.

Royal houses as monasteries

ACCORDING Royal foundation TO THE GENESIS OR Royal protection

MODE OF TYPOLOGY OFABBEYS, MONASTERIESAND CONVENTS FOUNDATION Royal burial site

Nobility or high clergy foundation

Created by Military Orders

Founded directly by a religious order

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2.7.2.- Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents listed as Assets of Cultural Interest

Based on the details yielded by the IPCE’s work in support of the revision process of this Plan, the Table below gives a numerical list of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents listed as Assets of Cultural Interest in the various Autonomous Communities.

Given its length, the full list indicating province and municipality is attached in this document as Appendix II.

When establishing the list, existing conditioning factors, difficulties or unique cases should be taken into account. These are aspects recorded in the above- mentioned appendix and might occasionally diverge from the figures listed here given that the work is still ongoing at the time of drafting this document.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 25 of 126 TOTAL TOTAL AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY PROVINCE Prov. A.C. Almería 4

Cádiz 5 Córdoba 15 Granada 10 ANDALUSIA 87 Huelva 6 Jaén 10 Málaga 11 Seville 26 Huesca 11 ARAGÓN Teruel 4 29 Zaragoza 14 ASTURIAS Asturias 10 10 Las Palmas 1 CANARIES 12 Santa Cruz de Tenerife 11 CANTABRIA Cantabria 4 4 Ávila 12 Burgos 16

León 14 Palencia 11 CASTILE AND LEÓN Salamanca 15 112 Segovia 11 Soria 6 Valladolid 21 Zamora 6 Albacete 3

Ciudad Real 8 CASTILE-LA MANCHA Cuenca 12 68 Guadalajara 14 Toledo 31 Barcelona 22 Girona 19 CATALONIA 60 Lleida 14 Tarragona 5 Badajoz 10 EXTREMADURA 23 Cáceres 13 A Coruña 11 Lugo 11 GALICIA 42 Ourense 11 Pontevedra 9 LA RIOJA La Rioja 9 9 BALEARIC ISLANDS Balearic Islands 14 14 MADRID Madrid 29 29 MELILLA 1 1 MURCIA Murcia 14 14 NAVARRE Navarre 10 10 Álava 1 BASQUE COUNTRY 13 Guipúzcoa 12 Alicante 3 VALENCIA Castellón 3 20 Valencia 14 TOTAL OF LISTED ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS 557 DECLARADOS BIC

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 26 of 126 2.7.3.- Proposal for Standard Data Sheet

As a working methodology, a Model Data Sheet is provided on two levels:

A.- Basic Data.- First level of the data sheet with all elements listed as Assets of Cultural Interest. They are being completed by the IPCE for all assets recorded in Appendix II.

B.- Specific Data.- Second level of the data sheet, providing additional information based on a first study of each asset. In drafting it, the IPCE is producing six standard examples to serve as models.

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A. BASIC DATA: Identification and Classification of Asset

1. NAME, DENOMINATION, RELIGIOUS CONGREGATION Id: Asset code (From HH): Official denomination of the Asset: Popular denomination of the Asset: Current congregation:

2. LOCATION Autonomous Community: Province: Municipality: Nearest municipality: Coordinates: Address: Email: Website: Telephone: Observations on the location

3. ASSET OWNERSHIP State Heritage: National Heritage: Publicly Autonomous: Ownership Owned Provincial: of the Municipal: Asset Diocesan: Privately Ecclesiastical Religious order: Owned Institution Religious community: Other natural or legal persons

Observation on ownership:

4. LEVEL OF PROTECTION OF THE MONUMENT OR COMPLEX Listed as ACI: Level of protection Initiated: Date on Official State Bulletin/Other Bulletins: OSB Date Listed: OSB Date Initiated: Protection file needs updating: YES: NO: Observations on level of protection:

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B. SPECIFIC DATA: Analysis and Description of Asset

5. OCCUPANCY OF THE ASSET Uninhabited Ruin: Occupancy Non-ruin: of the Inhabited: Asset Ownership: Occupancy status Beneficiaries: Observations on the occupancy status:

Types of Civil: occupants Religious: Observation on occupants:

6. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RELIGIOUS CONGREGATION Gender of the Male: congregation Female: Papal: Status of Enclosed Constitutional: congregation Non-enclosed: Enclosed and non-enclosed: Others: Holy See: Legal dependency of the congregation Diocesan: Religious order: Others Observations on legal dependency: No. of non-religious residents: No.: Religious residents: Average age: Religious from No.: foreign countries: Countries of origin: Observations on the residents: Craftwork: Activities of the congregation Culinary: aside from religious duties: Office automation: Others: Observations on the congregation’s activities:

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7. USE OF THE MONASTIC COMPLEX

Religious: Current main use of the Non-religious: monastic complex: Mixed Observations on the current main use of the monastic complex:

Tourist-Cultural No. of tourist High: use of the visits/year: Low: monastic complex Observations on tourist visits:

Hotel: Educational: Other uses of the Healthcare: monastic complex: Welfare: Commercial: Others: Observations on other uses of the monastic complex:

Proposals, ideas for other compatible activities:

8. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MONASTIC COMPLEX

Antiquity: (Centuries) Middle Ages: 16th Century: Timeline of the monastery’s 17th Century: foundation: 18th Century: 19th Century: 20th Century: Observations on foundation:

Antiquity: Middle Ages: 16th Century: Timeline of the most relevant 17th Century: construction phases: 18th Century: 19th Century: 20th Century

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Observations on the most relevant construction phases:

Succinct description of the complex:

Landscape and/or urban context: Archaeological Heritage: Description of the most Immovable Heritage: relevant elements of the Movable Heritage: complex: Documentary and bibliographic Heritage: Intangible Heritage: Architects: Names of the most significant Sculptors: artists associated with the Painters: complex Gold- and Silversmiths: Others:

9. CULTURAL APPRAISAL High: Archaeological Heritage: Medium: Low: High: Immovable Heritage: Medium: Low: High: Cultural Movable Heritage: Medium: Assessment: Low: High: Documentary and Medium: bibliographic Heritage Low: High: Intangible Heritage: Medium: Low: High: Landscape context: Medium: Low: High: Landscape assessment Medium: of the ruin: Low:

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Observations on cultural assessment:

10. STATE OF CONSERVATION Acceptable: Archaeological Heritage Regular: Poor: Critical: Acceptable: State of Immovable Heritage Regular: conservation Poor: Critical: Acceptable: Movable Heritage Regular: Poor: Critical: Acceptable: Documentary and Regular: bibliographic Heritage Poor: Critical: Fragility of Intangible High: Heritage: Low: Fragility of Landscape High: Heritage: Low:

Need for urgent Yes: work: No: Observations on conservation:

11. RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION: Has Master Plan in Yes: place: No: Monographic Yes: works: No: Description of monographic works: Research Yes: tasks: No: Description of research tasks: Bibliographic Yes: information: No: Description on bibliography: Tourist Yes: Information No:

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Description of tourist information: Planimetric and Yes: photographic information: No: Description of graphic information: Cultural itineraries Yes: and networks: No: Description of itineraries: Observations on research and dissemination:

12. DATA ON DOCUMENTALISTS: Date analysis performed: Names of documentalists:

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3. PROGRAMMING OF ACTIONS

3.1.- Programming criteria

Below is a series of concurrent, non-excluding criteria to serve as the basis for defining priorities in the programming of actions in the most objective manner possible:

 Need for Listing as an Asset of Cultural Interest or similar to grant highest degree of protection.

 Existence of a Master and Documentation Plan.

The Master Plans are knowledge and strategy planning tools, and so any action should be undertaken within the framework of these instruments.

 Favourable report from the Master and Documentation Plan monitoring commission.

Actions to be undertaken should be approved by the plan’s monitoring commission.

 Urgent actions: stability and watertightness, risk to people and assets.

Among the possible actions to be taken, priority should be given to those affecting stability and watertightness given the inherent risk to people and to the conservation of the assets.

 Integral actions

Priority should be given to any actions on elements of various types or categories as well as their setting, favouring the continuity of the phases to completion, including research tasks and diffusion of results, valuing the contribution of these interventions to the development of systematic and planned programmes. These actions will have a special impact on the treatment of intangible heritage as well as on preventive conservation and maintenance programmes.

 Co-participation and Co-funding

Any actions enjoying the co-participation and co-funding of the various administrations and/or entities should be given preference over those being handled by a single entity. This seeks to boost co-responsibility in the conservation of cultural heritage. In co-funded actions, it is more feasible to share out differentiated actions rather than co-funding a single action by several agents given the administrative impediments of the latter case.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 34 of 126  Prioritisation of inhabited abbeys, convents or monasteries

Priority should be given to actions in ensembles inhabited by a religious community with long-term permanence given the importance of the intangible heritage component of this ensemble.

 Degree of compliance with preventive conservation and maintenance protocols.

When prioritising actions, the degree of compliance with preventive conservation programmes and protocols should be taken into account given that such compliance is a guarantee of the action’s durability.

 Degree of accessibility, dissemination and promotion of the cultural heritage of the abbey, monastery or convent

Another favourable criterion is the implementation of heritage dissemination and promotion programmes and activities, together with actions undertaken, given the importance of society’s accessibility to knowing about the assets and the investments made.

3.2.- Actions involving preventive protection and conservation, conservation and restoration, documentation and research, training, accessibility and dissemination

As mentioned previously, the Plan was conceived several years ago, though its effective launch has been repeatedly postponed. It will now be started up according to the following phases and action programmes:

A.- Inventory and Classification of Assets.- The first action is the creation of an inventory and classification of elements comprising the ensemble of abbeys, monasteries and convents listed as Assets of Cultural Interest in Spain. The goal is to have a general updated and computerised list in place that includes a minimum number of identification and cataloguing data in order to assess the extent of the working range covered by the Plan. This information will be organised under the headings included in the Basic Data section of the “Standard Data Sheet” shown in section 2.7.3 of this document. In this endeavour the IPCE, in parallel to drafting this Revision Document for the Plan, has hired external specialists whose findings are shown in Appendix II. B.- Analysis and Description of Assets.- At a second level of alignment, the Specific Data of the “Standard Data Sheet” shown in section 2.7.3 of this document should be made available for a more in-depth examination of each ensemble’s complexity than that provided by the inventory’s Basic Data, allowing for some degree of knowledge of the asset and its specific issues.

To evaluate the proposal’s suitability, the IPCE is hiring external contractors to use the Standard Data Sheet to catalogue the 6 specific elements in order to assess the complexity of the required field work as well as the suitability or need for modification of the initially proposed data sheet. National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 35 of 126

Once the model has been corroborated and the methodology established, we should consider the benefits of having each Autonomous Community undertake the computerised cataloguing in their territory so that sufficient information is available within a short period of time for an initial approximation diagnosis of this heritage ensemble and, on that basis, design coordinated action strategies.

C.- Master and Documentation Plans.- With the essential data in hand on the overall working range taken from the inventory and, after a closer alignment through the assets’ analytical and description catalogue, individualised knowledge, diagnosis and action proposal instruments should be put in place on the abbeys, monasteries and convents whose complexity requires them. These instruments are included in the Master and Documentation Plan recorded in section 2.2 of this document.

As we pointed out, these “Master and Documentation Plans” play an important role in studying and collecting information on the intangible heritage associated with the asset as well as landscape, ethnographic, movable, documentary and bibliographic heritage, economic and technological activities, social dimension, religious practices, music and literature, etc, in the broadest and most inclusive vision possible, more far-reaching than the standard information available on the building and movable assets, which will also be recorded.

The objective is to have an efficient tool in place for learning about and better documenting the analysed ensembles, diagnosing them, drafting a preventive conservation plan and defining interventions. It should also become a framework through which to coordinate all required actions, whatever the actor in each case. Its programming horizon is approximately ten years, with an intermediate review after 5 years.

As a preliminary experience, it was thought advisable for the IPCE to advocate the drafting of the first Master and Documentation Plans to serve as a guide or pilot experience for the rest of the plans that were going to be developed. To define their scope, this document includes in the Appendix the “standard” content considered appropriate for these master and documentation plans. The Commission estimates that drafting these Plans will take approximately 1 year, at a cost of around 70,000€ each. They should be drafted by an interdisciplinary team gathering a maximum number of specialities applicable to each case (architecture, archaeology, history, anthropology, ethnography, theology, restoration of artworks, etc).

D.- Actions.-

· Preventive conservation.- Defining specific protection and preventive conservation programmes for each ensemble is indispensable in establishing risk prevention strategies, diagnoses of the treatment suitability, ordinary maintenance, etc.

Planning and implementing these actions is a priority when programming actions for these ensembles.

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· Conservation and Restoration.- If necessary, any actions to make the assets stable and watertight will be given priority over other actions, as they eliminate risks to people and conserve the assets.

After completing these peremptory actions, integrated steps should be taken in the conservation and restoration of all (cultural) heritage aspects amassed by these ensembles. This means that, depending on the strategies contributed by the Master and Documentation Plans, progress may be made in integrated actions, including joint actions, for immovable, movable, documentary and bibliographic and intangible heritage as well as the setting of the assets.

· Documentation and Research.- The nature of this heritage highlights the importance of documentation and research as actions inherent to their safeguarding, with special reference to the living, mutable intangible heritage. This is why the proposed Master and Documentation Plans particularly include the documenting of ethnographic heritage associated with the communities that inhabit these buildings. This field has not yet been sufficiently dealt with and the National Plan proposes to make significant progress compared to previous situations.

· Training, Accessibility and Dissemination.- Monastic ensembles include some outstanding elements of society’s cultural identity and their knowledge should thus be accessible to that society through training and dissemination actions.

Direct access to the assets should also be encouraged through visits from the public, particularly in areas where actions have been undertaken with public funds, and through access to information on their cultural significance and on actions undertaken, while always respecting the monastic life.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 37 of 126 4. EXECUTION AND MONITORING

4.1.- Economic-financial study

4.1.1.- Economic repercussion of the Plan’s proposals

As indicated in section 3.2 of this document, the proposals of the National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents can be grouped into:

A.- Inventory and Classification of Assets.- Inventory and classification of elements comprising the ensemble of abbeys, monasteries and convents listed as Assets of Cultural Interest in Spain. General updated and computerised list, including a minimum number of identification and cataloguing data to discover the amplitude of the Plan’s working range in accordance with the contents recorded in section 3.2 of this document. The execution of this work is meant to run in parallel to drafting this document and is undertaken by the IPCE through external contractors (it includes the Basic Data of the Standard Data Sheet described in section 2.7.3 and its results are shown in Appendix II).

B.- Analysis and Description of the Assets.- Establishing a “Standard Data Sheet” to yield a more revealing picture of each ensemble’s complexity than the basic inventory data, providing a minimum of knowledge on the asset and its specific issues, with the scope defined in section 3.2 of this document. It is meant to be undertaken by each Autonomous Community in its territory, with the possible collaboration of the State. The IPCE, in parallel to drafting this document, has hired external contractors to catalogue them through the Standard Data Sheet in the specific case of 6 elements so that the complexity of the field work can be analysed, together with the suitability or need for modification of the initially proposed data sheet (includes the Development Data of the Standard Data Sheet proposed in section 2.7.3 and its first results are shown in Appendix III).

C.- Master and Documentation Plans.- Establishing individualised instruments for knowledge, diagnosis and action proposal on abbeys, monasteries and convents whose complexity makes them advisable. They are proposed in the Master and Documentation Plan recorded in section 2.2 of this document and should be coordinated by any of the actors in the process. The objective is to have an efficient tool available for learning about and better documenting the analysed ensembles, diagnosing them and defining interventions and to become a framework of reference through which to coordinate all actions, whatever the actor in each case. The undertaking is planned for the first years of the National Plan’s life. As section 3.2 indicates, the IPCE should implement the first Master and Documentation Plans to serve as a guide or pilot experience for the rest of the plans still pending. An Appendix to this document provides the “standard” content considered appropriate for these plans, and the Commission estimates that it will take approximately 1 year to draft them, at a cost of around 70,000€ each. This task will be performed by an interdisciplinary team gathering a maximum of specialities applicable to each case (architecture, archaeology, history, anthropology, ethnography, theology, restoration of art works, etc). National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 38 of 126

D.- Preventive Conservation Actions.- Establishing specific protection and preventive conservation programmes for each ensemble to design risk prevention strategies and diagnoses of the treatments’ suitability.

E.- Maintenance Actions.- Regular ordinary maintenance tasks on the assets, normally performed by the assets’ owners and/or users.

F.- Conservation and Restoration Actions.- Priority actions relative to the assets’ stability and watertightness. Integrated progress in conserving and restoring all (cultural) heritage aspects amassed by these ensembles. Depending on the strategies provided by the Master and Documentation Plans, performing integrated actions to include immovable, movable, documentary and bibliographic and intangible heritage and setting.

G.-Documentation and Research Actions.- Specific programmes for documentation and research as part of the safeguarding of the living, mutable intangible heritage. Acquiring greater knowledge on the assets as a basis for a more precise diagnosis and for establishing well-grounded strategies.

H.-Training, Accessibility and Dissemination Actions.- Fostering direct access to assets through visits by the public, particularly in areas where publicly- funded actions have been undertaken, and through access to training and information on their cultural significance and actions undertaken, while always respecting monastic life.

The economic repercussion of the Plan’s proposals and execution timescales are estimated to approximately match the following table of investment percentages recorded in the previous section:

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The Plan’s Percentage of Total Annualities during the Plan’s THE PLAN’S PROPOSAL Investment Life (10 years)

A.- Inventory and Classification Under execution by the IPCE of Assets during the Revision of the Plan

B.- Analysis and Description of 7.5% 2 first years Assets (7,500,000€) C.- Master and Documentation 3 first years Plans

10% D.- Preventive Conservation Actions (10,000,000€)

E.- Maintenance 10% Actions (10,000,000€)

F.- Conservation and 60% 10 years (during the entire Restoration Actions (60,000,000€) Plan life)

G.-Documentation and 5% Research Actions (5,000,000€)

H.-Training, Accessibility 7.5% and Dissemination Actions (7,500,000€)

Total 100% 10 years

Percentage Distribution per action programmes

. Inventories, catalogues and Master Plans . Preventive Conservation actions . Maintenance actions . Conservation and Restoration actions . Documentation and Research

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4.1.3.- Criteria

The range of investment allocated to the Plan will vary according to existing budget availability and also to other factors, such as the Ministry of Development’s “cultural 1%” and the involvement of other acting administrations and entities. It is thus difficult to establish amounts when future financial availability and other possible external variations are unknown, and we can only set objectives that will have to be revised according to the mentioned variables and uncertainties.

In any event, we can propose general criteria for funding the Plan within the national plans as a whole, taking into account the geographic distribution of this heritage ensemble:

- The launch of the Plan, and supporting it, should provide a minimum of continuity in developing the strategies outlined here.

- Investment in restoration should be reduced in favour of preventive conservation actions, documentation, research, training, dissemination and accessibility.

- Inventorying, Analysis and Description of the Assets and Master and Documentation Plans (A, B and C) are the first ones to be executed in the Plan’s development, estimating an economic impact of 7.5% of total resources to be developed over the first three years (the first inventory to be performed by the IPCE during the Plan’s Revision. In regard to Analysis and Description of Assets, the IPCE is conducting one of the first pilot tests –on 6 assets- to provide a methodology that can be implemented in the rest of the assets, in a joint endeavour between state and Autonomous bodies over the first two years. The Master and Documentation Plans, in turn, should be carried out in the first 3 years, with the IPCE executing the first experiences in order to set the methodology and scope for the work).

- Preventive Conservation (D), Maintenance (E) and Conservation and Restoration (F) undoubtedly have the greatest economic impact and will foreseeably account for 80% of available resources in an action in which all intervening agents should be fully co-participating. A central role should be assigned to the assets’ owners in ordinary maintenance tasks, given their direct and ongoing ties with them.

- For Documentation and Research (G), we propose to allocate 5% of total resources and to demand substantial involvement from state and Autonomous bodies.

- Finally, 7.5% of total resources is estimated for Training and Dissemination (H), an important amount in keeping with our intention of emphasising social participation in the process.

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 41 of 126 4.2.- Control and monitoring of the Plan

As indicated in section 2.4, two Monitoring Commissions are planned, one for each Master and Documentation Plan for each Abbey, Monastery or Convent and another more general one for controlling and monitoring the National Plan. Its definitive composition will be determined after the Heritage Council approves the Plan. The commission’s working dynamic, meetings and communications will be set after its formal incorporation.

The commission will draft reports and compliance evaluations of the objectives and methodology identified in the National Plan and report to the Heritage Council.

4.3.- Validity and reviews of the Plan

The National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents will be valid for ten years, with a review of objectives achieved after five years.

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APPENDIX I TYPOLOGY OF ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS

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TYPOLOGY OF ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS

Benedictines

Cistercians MONASTICISM Carthusians

Premonstratensians

ACCORDING Franciscans TO THE MENDICANT CHARISMA OF Dominicans ORDERS THE ORDERS Other Mendicant Orders

Hieronymites

SPANISH Conceptionists ORDERS

Order of Santiago

Sanctuaries

Relevance of elements such as Hostelry, Hospital, etc.

Royal houses as monasteries

ACCORDING Royal foundation TO THE GENESIS OR Royal protection

TYPOLOGY OFABBEYS, MONASTERIESAND CONVENTS MODE OF FOUNDATION Royal burial site

Nobility or high clergy foundation

Created by Military Orders

Founded directly by a religious order

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A. ACCORDING TO THE CHARISMA OF THE ORDERS

A.1. MONASTICISM

Monasticism is nothing more than a religious impulse in people who are attracted to living apart from the world to experience Christian virtues with greater intensity under a community structure that has given us some of the great founders of Western monasticism (Saint Augustine of Hippo, Saint Benedict of Nursia, Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint Bruno of Cologne, Saint Norbert of Xanten, etc.). The monk thus seeks solitude and withdrawal from the world. Prayer, solitude, study and manual work are his founding principles of life. He lives in a community under a set of rules that regulate the hours dedicated to prayer, reading and working.

The monastic world of the West generates specific architectural models according to the different religious orders. Specific indispensable spaces are established to meet the needs of “regulated religious and working life”, integrated into the monastery’s organisation chart to create a standard planimetric model.

A.1.1. The Benedictines. The Rule of Saint Benedict a) Origins and general characteristics. Saint Benedict of Nursia, who lived out his life in Italy, retired around the year 500 to the cave of Sacro Speco to live as a hermit. After this experience, in the year 528 he founded the Monastery of Monte Cassino, between Rome and Naples. Here he composed the Rule that bears his name and which would be followed by the Benedictine monks. This rule resumes a long tradition of monastic and eremitic life already in existence. It became a meeting point between Orient and Occident, between the old world of the Holy Fathers and the nascent Middle Ages. The Rule consists of seventy- three chapters that organise community life around one principle: ORA ET LABORA. Life is regulated around the divisions of the day: 8 hours of prayer / 8 hours of work / 8 hours of rest. This Rule reflects the order’s three essential vows: CHASTITY, POVERTY AND OBEDIENCE, as well as the stability of the cloister as the essence of monasticism. The Rule of Saint Benedict says nothing about architecture but the different spaces the monastery had to include can be deduced from its reading, as it speaks of lodging pilgrims, the sick, etc. The Rule ultimately arranges a life system that is then articulated architecturally in the most suitable way. The Rule of Saint Benedict quickly spread to monasteries in England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain, where apart from different vicissitudes they were supported by the kings of Europe and the popes of Rome. The 11th and 12th centuries saw the greatest dissemination and plenitude of monasticism, although by then it was not so much the Rule of Saint Benedict as the reform initiated by the French Benedictine abbey of Cluny, in Burgundy (910- 1245). Its abbots, Odilon and Saint Hugh the Great, defined the character of the true Benedictine order. b) Development and dissemination in Spain. Benedictinism thus entered the Iberian Peninsula led by this Cluniac reform, leaving behind its first traces in the

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 45 of 126 Pyrenees, first in Cuxá, from where it spread around Catalonia, and then in San Juan de la Peña. It later extended to the lands of Aragón, Navarre and Castile. Here it encountered the firm support of Ferdinand I (1037-1065) and of Alfonso VI (1066-1109), contemporaries of the above-mentioned abbots of Cluny, Odilon and Hugh the Great, who favoured this French influx through the Ordo Cluniacensis. Ripoll, Dueñas, Nájera, Oña, Cardeña, Arlanza or Silos were only a few of the foundations which, as branches of the mother abbey, owed subjection and obedience to Cluny. However, the immense power that the “Cluniac order” came to wield and its decisive influence both on high politics and on the Holy See and on Civil Society led to an implacable reform issuing from their seat, which we will study in the next section on Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, through the new Cistercian Order. c) Architectural typology. The architecture of an 11th-Century Benedictine monastery, leaving aside the fact that its compositional and formal plans are typical of Romanesque art, encompassed the following elements: first the cloister, which is the only organising nucleus around which the rest of the monastic spaces are arranged: the church, chapter hall, locutorium, dormitory, reredorter, warming room, refectory, the monks’ kitchen, the lay brothers’ kitchen, cellars, almoner’s cell, galilee, infirmary with six cells, hostelry, “crypts equipped with tubs where at stated times the baths for the monks would be prepared”, novitiate and cells for gold- and silversmiths and master glassblowers. Added to these were other spaces that were not mentioned, such as the library, the buttery as well as the mills, stables, workshops and farms that made of the monasteries a veritable self-governed centre at the head of an agricultural holding.

It should be emphasised that in this order the church was situated in the formwork of the cloister, with its dividing wall exposed to the midday sun. The apse, together with the sacristy, chapter hall, library and dormitory wing, always opened up in the formwork towards the rising sun. The one facing the midday sun contained the monks’ hall (warming room). Parallel to the cloister’s south-facing formwork was the scriptorium, refectory, cleaning room and kitchen. To the west the buttery, converts’ dormitory and cellar. The church, cloister and library of these monasteries constituted one of the most solid supports of medieval culture in Spain.

A.1.2. The Cistercians. The Reform of Saint Bernard a) Origins and general characteristics. The political, economic and religious weight attained by Cluny drove a handful of monks to pursue the lost spirit of the Rule of Saint Benedict in solitude and poverty. The order’s material wellbeing had relaxed its observance in many aspects, such as manual work. The liturgical functions established for kings, abbots, benefactors and the departed tended to become the only raison d’être of monastic life. The wearying demands of prayer prevented fasting. Practice was running counter to the spirit of Saint Benedict. This situation justified the decision taken by Robert who, having already been abbot and prior in two Benedictine monasteries, retired with thirteen companions to a place called Molesme (1075), near Troyes, to lead a life in keeping with the spirit of the Rule of Saint Benedict. From here he moved to a place south of Dijon

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 46 of 126 called Citeaux, whose name in Latin is Cistercium, from which the Cistercian name is derived. Robert died shortly after and left behind in Citeaux Alberic and Stephen Harding, who were the actual founders of the new order called Cistercian. Harding is recognised for the structuring of the Cistercians as a monastic order and for the monks’ new image, who were henceforth called “white” (for the colour of their robes), in opposition to the “black” or Benedictine monks, whose habit is completely black. However, we should emphasise a crucial event for the future order, the admittance into Citeaux of a young man called Bernard de Fontaine, who was later to found the Monastery of Clairvaux in 1115 and has since been known as Bernard of Clairvaux. The many people who wished to profess at Citeaux, attracted by the monks’ way of life, led to the founding of new abbeys such as La Ferté, Pontigny, Clairvaux and Morimond, these being the four branches of the Citeaux common trunk to which all the other monasteries would be linked. Despite the austerity of their lives, scarcity of food, fasting, prayer and penance, the number of monasteries grew surprisingly and unceasingly. When Saint Bernard died in 1153, there were 343 establishments.

In the 12th and 13th centuries this figure would be exceeded and so a resolution was issued in the General Chapter of the order that prohibited the founding of new abbeys. This large number of monasteries demanded a clear and modern organisational structure, which it was given by the Charta Caritatis. It reflects the entire administrative organisation. The Abbot of Citeaux was recognised as the head of the order and administratively they were organised around the four mentioned abbeys, from which their respective branches issued. These were subject to the annual supervision established by the visitors-general appointed by the Abbot of Citeaux to ensure observance of the rule. This familiar configuration of mother abbeys and daughter abbeys produced surprising results that gave the Cistercian order unity in diversity. b) Development and dissemination in Spain. The introduction of the order in Spain dates back to the era of Saint Bernard, with the monasteries of Moreruela (Zamora), which previously observed the Benedictine rule, and Fitero (Navarre) being the first ones in a long series of foundations that as indirect branches are linked first to Clairvaux and then to Morimond. There are only three abbeys associated with Citeaux and none with La Ferté and Pontigny. Its expansion on the peninsula enjoyed royal favour. Its most important phase occurred between the 12th and 14th centuries and boasted important monasteries with Cistercian or Bernardine nuns such as Las Huelgas in Burgos, one of the most powerful female foundations of its time, the Bernardines of Alcalá de Henares, etc. When we say that a monastery is a branch of another we are also specifying some differential traits. Thus, while the Monasteries of Poblet and Santes Creus (Tarragona) are Cistercian, their churches exhibit serious differences despite ultimately issuing from Clairvaux. The Monastery of La Oliva, in Navarre, is also Cistercian but a descendant of Morimond, as is the Monastery of Santa María de Huerta. c) Architectural typology. The strict observance of the Cistercians, who were exempt from any external ministry, explains their search for unpopulated, silent

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 47 of 126 spots where they could fully develop the rule and their manual work. It was important to have a river nearby to serve the monastery, a forest to provide isolation and timber, kitchen gardens to feed the community, a meadow for livestock fodder. And nearby quarries for the construction of the buildings. Isolation would lead to a clear marking of the monastery enclosure, which had to be as closed off as possible. The Cistercians advanced hydraulic engineering, through their mills, and architecture, through the ribbed vault. The Cistercians’ sense of austerity is revealed in their buildings. Regulations prohibited any figurative and ornamental decoration because it might distract from meditation. These rules questioned the capitals of the Romanesque cloisters. Also prohibited were signs of luxury such as the use of gold or the use of window glass as well as the excessive proportions of spaces. While the aim was not to determine a Cistercian aesthetic, ultimately it led to a strongly defined architectural prototype.

The layout of the Cistercian monastery is among the clearest and most rigid. It is in the apse of the church, as well as in the wing of the cloister corresponding to the refectory and in the area for lay brothers or converts, where we can see the greatest novelties.

The church tends to adopt a “T”-shaped plan, with a straight headwall in what is called the “Bernardine ground plan”. It features three naves, with the central one occupied by the two choirs of fathers and brothers, or monks and converts, with both of them separated as in the rest of the monastery. The north arm of the transept usually has the exit to the cemetery and the southern one is connected via a staircase with the fathers’ dormitory, who sleep in their clothes so that they can descend to the choir at night. The church or oratory shares one of its walls with the cloister, normally the south one. This cloister corridor is called the reading corridor, where the monks read. The armarium or armariorium is a small niche where books are kept and is situated in the wing of the chapter hall at sacristy level, which is connected to the church. The front of the chapter hall includes the stairs to the monks’ dormitory and the locutory, which doubles as an exit to the kitchen garden and infirmary. The third corridor is a comb-shaped line holding the monks’ hall, warming room (the only heated room in the monastery), the monks’ refectory, kitchen and converts’ refectory. Finally, in the converts’ wing, which has a long dark passage leading directly to the church without being seen or having to go through the cloister, is the buttery and the converts’ dormitory. Beyond this exemplary cloister area is the infirmary, kitchen gardens, workshops, farms, mills, stables and everything that made the monastery independent.

It is evident that the Cistercian order’s specificity lies in the fact that the church nave is divided in two, with each one of the sections being given its own pews and altars. The presbytery section was reserved for the monks and the one nearest the west for the converts, with no communication between them. However, another of the Order’s planimetric constants is that both the monks’ room and the refectory and kitchen would be situated perpendicular to the cloister’s southern formwork. The converts’ corridor opened up in the western formwork, with circulation running parallel to that of the monks but absolutely separated and differentiated. As indicated, the buttery, converts’ refectory, cellar

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 48 of 126 and lay brothers’ dormitory would be accessed from here, as would the section of the church that corresponded to each of them.

A.1.3 The Carthusians. Saint Bruno and the customs of the Order a) Origins and general characteristics. Saint Bruno was born in the German city of Cologne (1032-1101) and eventually become master and canon of Reims Cathedral. He abandoned that life to answer his intimate wish for solitude, silence and meditation. Bruno and six companions left for Grenoble in 1084 and presented themselves to Bishop Hugh, who upon seeing them identified them with the seven stars he had seen in a prophetic dream and which are the stars displayed on the order’s crest. For six years Bruno and his six companions led hermits’ lives a few kilometres from Grenoble, in the Alps, at a height of 1100 m, in a wild and isolated expanse called the desert of La Chartreuse, the source of the Carthusian denomination. Bruno later sought a retired spot in Calabria, where the charterhouse of Santa Maria della Torre was founded. Given his eremitic vocation, he sought a balance between solitary nature, translated as desert, and the spirit. The Carthusians reconciled the hermit’s individual solitude with community life through the cenobium. When Saint Bruno died in Calabria he left no written rule, no specific order, only a model of a life reflected in different writings. It is moving to read about the severity of their fasting and eating regime.

From September to Easter, Carthusians took no more than one meal a day, and two the rest of the year, though such living conditions seem even harsher when we learn about their daily prayer regime, with Matins, Lauds, etc. The cell is the natural setting of the Carthusian, where he spends his entire life in SILENCE AND SOLITUDE. The Consuetudines describe in full detail the cell’s implements, comprised of clothing and a few items among which is the paillasse. They also describe the implements for writing and copying books and manuscripts; the kitchen utensils with which each one cooked his food; the elements for making fire; the axe and adze for working in the cell. He only left his cell for meetings in the cloister or in the church. The Customs (which acted as veritable constitutions for the order) were followed by the first General Chapter of the Order in 1140, which established the guidelines and organisation of the different foundations that had hitherto been made. They had to submit to the obedience of the General Chapter, which was to be held annually, and to the prior of the Grande Chartreuse. Charterhouses were founded all over Europe, though in far smaller numbers than Benedictine and Cistercian monasteries. b) Development and dissemination in Spain. In Spain, the introduction of the Order of Saint Bruno is due to Don Alfonso II the Chaste, King of Aragón, who favoured the founding of Scala Dei (Tarragona) in 1163. From then and until the 17th century 21 charterhouses were founded in Spain, which in Europe stood apart as a group of great personality. There are still some living charterhouses, such as Portaceli (Valencia), Montealegre (Barcelona), Miraflores (Burgos). Some examples are monasteries that had been charterhouses, such as those of Jerez (Cádiz), El Paular (Madrid), Granada Charterhouse, etc. The importance given by charterhouses to Eucharistic worship is reflected in their magnificent tabernacles. The ones in El Paular and in Granada Charterhouse are famous, as National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 49 of 126 is the imposing tabernacle chapel in Scala Dei. c) Architectural typology. While nothing is said in the documents on the form and layout that charterhouses should have, the Customs define the fundamental aspects for the community. For example, they distinguish between monks (or fathers), converts (brothers or lay brothers) and novices; between monastic life and eremitic life and the life of Obedience and work as cooks, bakers, cobblers, etc. The architecture of course adapted to these contents. Based on these premises, and adopting the long-held traditional layouts of other monasteries, the charterhouse always has three main hubs surrounding the cloisters: the minor cloister, the major cloister and the courtyard of obedience.

* The small Minor Cloister was surrounded by the monastery spaces such as church, chapter hall, refectory and an occasional chapel. Logically, given that the community included monks and converts, the church was also divided in two parts, with their corresponding choir pews. There were also two chapter halls and the refectory, also reflecting the separation between both with a wall and a door.

* The Major Cloister held the cemetery and grouped the monks’ cells around it. It consisted of a single level. Its corridors were long, given that the cells were aligned. The cell doors gave on to this corridor, and next to them we can see the little door of the turnstile through which food and drink were passed to the hermit monk. The charterhouse’s strongest trait undoubtedly resides in the cell. Each one has two levels and on the ground floor we find the entrance, the turnstile and the exit to a small garden with a portico that leads to the rooms where the monks washed themselves. Also on this floor is the timber store and the carpentry workshop where the monk does his manual work. A ladder leads to the upper floor, which firstly has an antechamber given the name of Ave Maria, followed by the cubicle where the Carthusian monk sleeps, studies, eats and prays.

* Courtyard of Obedience where the brothers come and go, with more external contact. It groups together different workshops and storerooms watched over and arranged by the procurator, always under the spirit of silence.

A.1.4. The Premonstratensians. Saint Norbert and the Canons Regular a) Origins and general characteristics

The name of this religious order is derived from the Abbey of Prémontré in France that in turn alludes to a miraculous occurrence in the life of its founder Norbert of Magdeburg, born around 1080. One day he was knocked off his horse by a lighting bolt and saw in this a divine action. Henceforth his life was spent in prayer, in preaching and in reforming the clergy while living in great evangelical poverty. During his retreat in the forest of Saint-Gobain he had a vision; a group of men in white robes passed before his eyes, singing psalms and heading for a chapel in ruins. Norbert interpreted this as a premonitory sign bidding him to create a new order. God had already anticipated and shown this to him. Hence the name Premonstratensian, which in French is prémontré, that is, the name given to the abbey he built in France with his followers. The so-called Rule of

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 50 of 126 Saint Augustine derived from his letters and sermons was followed in its most severe line by the Premonstratensians known as Ordo monasteri. This was the rule imposed by Norbert in Prémontré in 1120. It establishes the actions of charity, work, fasting, silence, obedience, mutual respect, etc. The Premonstratensians made community life compatible with a vocation that reached out to others through preaching and the sacraments, as they saw the abbey as a centre of parish activity. Their position in history is halfway between the monastic and the mendicant orders, between the monastery and the convent. From 1226 onwards, the date when Pope Honorius II approved the order, abbeys multiplied in quick succession. They spread from Hungary to the Netherlands and to Spain, with a strong foothold in Central Europe. The most optimistic versions give a total of a thousand three hundred foundations. After Norbert’s death in 1134 these monasteries were organised into Circaria, or religious provinces, and the statutes were drawn up by Hugo de Fosses in 1135. b) Development and dissemination in Spain. In Spain there were two Circaria, one in Gascony shared with the south of France which included the abbeys of Navarre, Catalonia and Balearics. The other, Hispanic one included the lands of Castile and León, where forty abbeys were founded. In addition to Retuerta Abbey, noteworthy ones were in Aguilar de Campoo (Palencia) and La Vid (Burgos). After many vicissitudes and a failed plan of Felipe II to reform the Premonstratensian Abbeys through the Hieronymites, the Spanish foundations succeeded in becoming independent from Prémontré, giving rise in 1573 to the Hispanic Premonstratensian Congregation which, like other orders, was extinguished in 1835. c) Architectural typology. There was no novel architectural project in these abbeys given that, like the conceptions of the order, they move between the monastic and the conventual. Equally, the general layout of the Premonstratensian abbey belongs to the branch of major monastic architecture that preceded it, the Benedictine and the Cistercian. Occasional new spaces appeared, such as the so-called Abbot’s chapel or Desiderium. Otherwise it repeats the cloister, around which the community’s spaces are laid out on the ground floor, together with the church and its three naves; the refectory; the reserve on the upper floor above the chapter hall and the sacristy as well as the fathers’ communal dormitory that would later be converted to individual cells; the lay brothers’ or converts’ area with their corresponding refectory and dormitory. The layout followed the standard ground plan of a simple Premonstratensian abbey. Those which admitted male and female canons were more complex.

A.2. THE MENDICANT ORDERS

The end of Monasticism came after the Fourth Council of the Lateran. The appearance of the mendicant orders in the 13th century represented an extreme novelty in the regular arm of the Church, as the old monk dedicated to the liturgical offices and to contemplation was now replaced by the friar. The mendicant friar entered society inside the city walls to experience the evangelical counsels near the people, whom he sought to help impelled by his vocation. In addition to prayer he also undertook other activities: catechism, teaching, National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 51 of 126 preaching, hospital assistance, missions, etc. Preaching required rich intellectual preparation and a very special gift for words.

A.2.1. The Franciscans. The Friars Minor of Saint Francis a) Origin and general characteristics. Saint Francis of Assisi (1182-1226) exhibited all the virtues of a mendicant friar. His story and legend make him one of the most characteristic medieval figures in European culture and his writings and miracles acquired great fame. In regard to this we cannot forget the wide-ranging iconography that emerged from the life of the saint written by St Bonaventure, the second founder of the order. It inspired Giotto and other artists to represent him in the Basilica of Assisi. Saint Francis acquired major importance in the collective conscience, preached and made reality poverty, humility and service to others, living on alms and having nothing of his own. Hence the name of mendicant given to the order, alluding to the begging on which they depended for survival. This is one of the differences with the monastic orders, which owned numerous assets and enjoyed a sound income. Saint Francis was poor by conviction and believed all friars were equal, all brothers and dressed in the same way. Their attire consisted of a hooded tunic and another one without a hood if necessary, with a rope for a belt. Moreover, the preaching vocation gave the life of the Franciscan an itinerant sense that is at odds with the stability of the major monastic foundations.

These congregations had a territorial organisation that over time encompassed Provinces, Custodies and Convents and a mother house, the Porziuncola, which is the chapel at the heart of the Saint’s life. b) Development and dissemination in Spain. The Franciscan presence in Spain dates back to the 13th century and in 1217 became one of the five provinces held by the order outside Italy. As in the rest of Europe, this order had gained a strong foothold among ordinary folk but particularly among the nobility, which made of their churches their preferred places of burial. The number of foundations grew to such an extent that in 1232 the province of Spain was divided into a further three: Santiago, Aragón and Castile. They comprised a total of a hundred and twenty-three convents and grew further in later years. A split occurred between Observants and Conventuals in the 15th century, when Cisneros redirected them towards Observance, while the Conventuals disappeared from Spain in the second half of the 16th century. At this time, between one and the other, the order of Saint Francis had fifty thousand friars spread around the world. History witnessed the growing wealth of the convents of Franciscans and Clares, their female branch, and produced examples such as Santa Maria de Pedralbes, in Barcelona, and San Juan de los Reyes in Toledo. These no longer had anything in common with the initial austerity of Franciscan rule and life. c) Architectural typology. There is no doubt that this order’s poverty and dedication to others determined a different conventual organisation from the monastic orders. The Franciscans’ equality, contrasting with the differences between lay brothers, fathers, etc, was reflected in the architecture. Franciscan convents had none of the physical divisions of church, chapter, refectory found in National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 52 of 126 monasteries. Their specifically itinerant life did not propitiate stability in the major monastic establishments. In earlier times there were different attempts at expanding the constructions of these convents, but Saint Francis always opposed them. There were undoubtedly pressures within the order throughout history, added to the need to seriously build solid conventual organisations, which clashed with the rigidity and poverty established by the rule. Without entering into other considerations, the very basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi, where the saint is buried, negates this spirit of poverty.

The standard layout of the Franciscan convent includes the church, which features a single nave to favour acoustics for preaching, the cloister with the chapter hall, refectory, library, infirmary and passage to the individual cells that defined the principal nucleus of the Franciscan convent. Added to this were a further series of non-regulated spaces grouped around courtyards without an established order. In general, and in contrast to monastic constructions with their strongly-defined layout, these convents of friars minor produced more accommodating models.

A.2.2. The Dominicans. Saint Dominic and the Ordo Predicatorum a) Origins and general characteristics. Saint Dominic de Guzman (1170- 1221) was a Spaniard born in the Burgos village of Caleruega, where there is still a community of Dominican nuns today. After initially training in the Premonstratensian monastery of La Vid, Saint Dominic joined the cathedral of Burgo de Osma (Soria), where he formed part of the council of canons as canon regular of Saint Augustine, with a decisive factor in his biography being his friendship with the prior of the council and later prelate of the diocese, Don Diego de Acebes. With him he travelled to the south of France, where he stayed to preach against the Albigensian heresy in Montpellier, Carcassonne and Toulouse. After the capture of the city of Toulouse by the Crusaders in 1213, Saint Dominic formed a congregation of preachers in the castle of Casseneuil with the support of Fulco, the city’s bishop, who assigned him an income. When the fourth Council of the Lateran was held, Fulco attended and was accompanied by Saint Dominic. From the decrees of this Council he extracted the basic principles of the new order: the imperative of preaching to combat heresy; the need to administer penance; the task of teaching. Upon his return to Toulouse, Saint Dominic, together with his fifteen men, decided to adapt the life of his community to the Rule of Saint Augustine, with some additions in which there may have been some Premonstratensian influence such as prayer or the changing of the hours. Bishop Fulco gifted them the chapel of Saint-Romain of Toulouse, on which the first convent of the new order was organised. It was endorsed by a bull issued by Honorius III in 1216. In that first year the first General Chapter of the Order of Preachers (Ordo Praedicatorum) gathered in Bologna. The provinces of Spain, Provence, France, Lombardy and Rome were created, followed by those of Hungary, Germany and England. The Chapters were coded in a set of Constitutions that focused especially on preaching and study, with libraries gaining ample prominence. b) Development and dissemination in Spain. In Spain, the dissemination of the order occurred early and rapidly. The General Chapter held in Toledo in 1250 National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 53 of 126 lists more than twenty Spanish and Portuguese convents, situated in the most important cities of Spain and Portugal. It was a growing process given the social support enjoyed by the order of preachers in the peninsula, particularly from the monarchs, who found their confessors among these learned friars. Particularly noteworthy is the donation made in 1388 by Juan I of Portugal to the Order of Saint Dominic, specifically to the Monastery of Santa Maria de la Victoria in Batalha, which became the dynastic pantheon of the new house of Avis of Portugal. In Spain the convents of Santo Domingo (Valencia), Santo Tomás (Ávila) and San Sebastián (Salamanca) stand out. This Order was to enjoy strong expansion on the other side of the Atlantic. c) Architectural typology. In general it follows the template of a Benedict convent, free of any elements that do not fit in because of their charisma. Its churches have the features of the so-called preaching orders, with a single nave and a separation between the friars’ choir and the church of the faithful. These churches consisted of a pulpit to better transmit the preacher’s voice. Equally, in order to be able to exercise one of their principles, confession, they had a series of confessionals, sometimes hollowed out of the church wall, which also facilitated access to the fathers without breaking the enclosed rule, as occurs in San Esteban in Salamanca. Also essential is the processional cloister, with an overcloister to give access to the cells, library and choir and leaving the lower part for the chapter hall and refectory. Other courtyards group together the infirmary and various facilities. Little is said in the General Chapters about the architecture of these convents, though they do dictate some rules such as the height in metres that convents should have, with ten metres being recommended for the church in order to raise it above the rest of the constructions. They also indicate that only the apse should be vaulted and the rest of the church should be made of wood.

A.2.3. Other mendicant orders

In parallel to the Dominicans and Franciscans, other mendicant orders of lesser importance emerged. In 1185 Bertold of Calabria founded an eremitic and contemplative order, the Carmelites, in reference to Mount Carmel in the Holy Land. They later moved to western Europe. In the mid-13th century, Innocent IV adapted their rule to the models of the mendicant orders. Several groupings of anchorites were founded by Alexander IV in 1256, giving rise to the so-called “hermits of Saint Augustine”, also known as Augustines. These were the most important mendicant orders to emerge in the 13th century in answer to society’s spiritual needs and based on the ideal of evangelical poverty.

A.3. THE SPANISH ORDERS

A.3.1. The Hieronymites. The Order of Saint Jerome a) Origins and general characteristics. Monastic life always had its touchstone in Saint Jerome (347-420), as both the testimony of his life and the writings he left behind make him the most important Western monk and one of the four fathers of the Church. He was born in northern Italy, near Aquileia, became a National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 54 of 126 monk and moved to the desert of Calcis, in Syria, to lead a hermit’s life dedicated to meditation and penance. He later returned to Rome and was secretary to Pope Saint Damasus, explaining Sacred Scripture and criticising the relaxed, false life of the monks. After the Pope’s death he travelled to Palestine and in Bethlehem founded two monasteries, one for males and one for females, and there led a coenobitic life until his death. Nevertheless, he did not found a religious order or write a rule, but the life of Saint Jerome was imitated by many other hermits throughout history. The founding of the Order of Saint Jerome took place in Spain and the foundational bull is dated 1373.

The Order experienced two different stages, the first one starting with the above-mentioned bull issued in Avignon by Gregory XI in 1373 and known as the foundational bull. Noteworthy in this phase is the proliferation of small Hieronymite communities around the peninsula that were independent of each other. The second one was the consolidation and expansion stage, begun in 1414 with the bull issued by Benedict XIII, exempting the Hieronymites from episcopal jurisdiction and allowing them to unite in a single order and hold a General Chapter, as they did the following year in Guadalupe. The Pope advised them to adopt the Rule of Saint Augustine, to which we have already referred when speaking of the Premonstratensians. This pontifical text also describes the habit. b) Development and dissemination in the peninsula. The first four monasteries to emerge from the licence of the papal bull were San Bartolomé de Lupiana (Guadalajara), which was the order’s mother house, Santa Maria de la Sisla, in Toledo, San Jerónimo de Guisando (Ávila) and San Jerónimo de Corral Rubio, also in Toledo. This growth was sustained in the 15th century and enjoyed a century of special royal favour in the following century, with the presence of Carlos V in Yuste and the foundation by Felipe II of the monastery of El Escorial. c) Architectural typology. The pontifical text mentioned earlier, when indicating the yearning for creating four monasteries or convent communities, describes each one of them as having a “church, cemetery and a humble bell tower with a single bell, cloister, the necessary offices, in honest places fitted out for the purpose, which have to be endowed according to the times with the pious alms and donations of the faithful”. These few indications set the bases for the future Hieronymite monastery, which already had well-proven grounds for possible formal solutions. While no radically different solutions to previous monasteries can be seen, it is always possible to detect novelties, though shared by other orders. An example is the monks’ choir at a height, at the feet of the church, or the layout of courtyards that tend to be identified with the principal uses: processions, infirmary, hostelry and porter’s lodge.

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A.3.2. The Conceptionists (They adopt the Franciscan Rule)

A.3.3. The Order of Santiago

B. ACCORDING TO THE MONASTERY’S GENESIS OR FOUNDATIONAL MODE

It is not just the charisma that determines the architectural typologies; there are other causes that, while not having such a general repercussion on the monastery’s architectural layout, do generate modalities that merit being taken into account. We refer to certain phenomena associated with the specific origin, creational system and circumstance of the monasteries. We list some examples reflecting different architectural solutions that attend to a variety of elements: a) Shrines. The community, especially when the establishment of a pilgrimage shrine came first and a “custody monastery” grew around it, often focused on the service of worship. The devotional spaces demanded more predominance in the architectural structure, with the monastic ones being of secondary importance. This is why in this kind of establishment all the elements characteristic of shrines are present. There were multiple causes behind the origins of such shrines: reception of famous relics, promotion of a monastic image, presence in their cells of a monk with a reputation for saintliness, existence of a primitive hermitage, appearance of an image in that spot, etc.

Most Spanish monasteries have their own shrine, with all inherent elements integrated into and articulated around the one construction (room for votive offerings, outdoor tables for pilgrims, porticoes, alcoves, etc). The difference between monasteries containing a shrine and shrines-monasteries, which are the described in this section, is that the latter boast a higher number of elements. In addition to the more common elements enumerated above, they also tend to feature the presence of chapels in the kitchen garden or environs, the healer’s house, the watering troughs for the animals, corridors and balconies from which to watch festivities, the Stations of the Cross, the terminal cross, the pilgrimage meadow, etc.

It must be emphasised that the majority of custody monasteries housing a devotional image feature certain architectural peculiarities, large devotional chapels such as Holy chapels, large altars or typically Hispanic elements such as splendid alcoves (such as the tower-type one in Guadalupe, in Extremadura) or the transparent. b) Relevance of certain elements such as Hostelry, Hospital. Some of these elements, such as the hostelry or hospital, attained greater importance in some monasteries on the Way of St James. These construction systems went far beyond the coenobitic structures. Although they are unique in their way, they should be taken into account as they comprise specific architectural modalities. c) Royal houses as monasteries. These are magnificent complexes articulated National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 56 of 126 around a complex fabric holding the royal palace and the religious house, with all the outbuildings pertaining to both institutions. The church, or a specific outbuilding, became the royal pantheon. d) Monasteries by royal foundation. These are located in complexes that had been a royal palace and were later assigned to a religious order, adapted as a monastery or had a previously-lacking church built. Some of them could later be converted to pantheons. Tordesillas, Las Huelgas, Astudillo etc. e) Monasteries with regal protection. These are buildings where, owing to frequent and prolonged visits from monarchs, a royal hostelry attached to the monastery was built. Guadalupe, El Parral, San Jerónimo el Real, etc. f) Chosen as a site of royal burial. They exist beforehand. Las Salesas Reales of Madrid, San Isidoro de León, etc. g) Founded by the nobility or by members of the high clergy. h) Monasteries in which Military Orders were created. These tended to be central houses of the same Orders, with an official residence for the Grand Master and/or the Key Holder. Vast castle-convent buildings erected on the border with Al Andalus (Uclés, Calatrava, Alcántara, Montesa, San Juan de Duero). i) Founded directly by a religious order.

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APPENDIX II LIST OF ASSETS OF CULTURAL INTEREST

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 58 of 126 ANDALUSIA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Monastery of Nuestra Señora de los Desamparados del Andalusia ALMERÍA Albox Saliente

Convent of La Purísima Concepción Andalusia ALMERÍA Almería

Church of the Convent of Santa Clara Andalusia ALMERÍA Almería

Church of the Old Convent of Los Agustinos Andalusia ALMERÍA Huécija

Church of the old Monastery of San José del Cuervo Andalusia CÁDIZ Benalup

Convent of Nuestra Señora del Rosario y Santo Domingo Andalusia CÁDIZ Cádiz

Old Monastery of the Charterhouse of Nuestra Señora de la Jerez de la Andalusia CÁDIZ Defensión Frontera

Old Convent of Nuestra Señora de Caños Santos Andalusia CÁDIZ Olvera

Sanlúcar de Old Convent of La Merced Andalusia CÁDIZ Barrameda

Aguilar de la Church of the Monastery of San José y San Roque Andalusia CÓRDOBA Frontera

Convent of Santa Clara de la Columna Andalusia CÓRDOBA Belalcázar

Old Convent of Scala Coeli Andalusia CÓRDOBA Castro del Río

Old Convent of La Merced Andalusia CÓRDOBA Córdoba

Main Chapel of the Convent of El Carmen Andalusia CÓRDOBA Córdoba

Monastery of San Pedro el Real Andalusia CÓRDOBA Córdoba

Monastery of San Jerónimo Andalusia CÓRDOBA Córdoba

Monastery of Santa Marta Andalusia CÓRDOBA Córdoba

Convent of La Encarnación / Church of the Convent of Andalusia CÓRDOBA Córdoba La Encarnación

Convent of Santa Cruz Andalusia CÓRDOBA Córdoba

Convent of La Madre de Dios de Monteagudo Andalusia CÓRDOBA Montilla

Old Convent of San Agustín Andalusia CÓRDOBA Montilla

Convent of Santa Clara Andalusia CÓRDOBA Montilla

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 59 of 126 Old Convent of Nuestra Señora de la Concepción Andalusia CÓRDOBA Pedroche

Old Convent of San Francisco Andalusia CÓRDOBA Priego de Córdoba

Old Convent of Santo Domingo Andalusia GRANADA Baza

Monastery of La Cartuja Andalusia GRANADA Granada

Abbey of the Sacromonte Andalusia GRANADA Granada

Convent of Santa Isabel la Real Andalusia GRANADA Granada

Old Convent of Santa Paula Andalusia GRANADA Granada

Monastery of San Jerónimo Andalusia GRANADA Granada

Convent of Santa Catalina de Zafra Andalusia GRANADA Granada

Convent of Santiago Andalusia GRANADA Guadix

Old Convent of Santo Domingo Andalusia GRANADA Huescar

Convent of Santa Clara Andalusia GRANADA Loja

Monastery Church of Santa Catalina Mártir Andalusia HUELVA Aracena

Old Convent of Nuestra Señora del Vado Andalusia HUELVA Gibraleón

Old Convent of La Merced Andalusia HUELVA Huelva

Old Convent of Nuestra Señora de la Luz Andalusia HUELVA Lucena del Puerto

Convent of Santa Clara Andalusia HUELVA Moguer

Palos de la Monastery of Santa María de la Rábida Andalusia HUELVA Frontera

Convent of Capuchin Nuns ( Church and Façade) Andalusia JAÉN Andújar

Convent of La Inmaculada Concepción Madres Trinitarias Andalusia JAÉN Andújar

Old Convent of San Francisco Andalusia JAÉN Baeza

Convent of the Discalced Carmelites of San José del Salvador Andalusia JAÉN Beas de Segura

Old Convent of Santo Domingo Andalusia JAÉN La guardia

Castle of La Iruela Andalusia JAÉN La Iruela

Tower of the Convent of Las Esclavas Andalusia JAÉN Linares

Old Hospital of San Juan de Dios Andalusia JAÉN Linares

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 60 of 126 Monastery of Santa Clara Andalusia JAÉN Úbeda

Monastery of Santa Ana Convent of Las Dominicas de Santa Villanueva del Andalusia JAÉN Ana Arzobispo

Old Convent of Madre de Dios de Monteagudo Andalusia MÁLAGA Antequera

Convent of El Santo Desierto de Nuestra Señora de la Nieves Andalusia MÁLAGA Burgo (El)

Convent of Santa María de la Encarnación Andalusia MÁLAGA Coín

Church and Convent of San Agustín Andalusia MÁLAGA Málaga

Church of Santo Domingo Andalusia MÁLAGA Málaga

Convent of La Trinidad Andalusia MÁLAGA Málaga

Old Convent of Nuestra Señora de las Nieves Andalusia MÁLAGA Torrox

Royal Monastery of Nuestra Señora de Gracia Andalusia MÁLAGA Vélez‐Málaga

Convent of Jesús, María y José Andalusia MÁLAGA Vélez‐Málaga

Old Convent of San José de la Soledad Andalusia MÁLAGA Vélez‐Málaga

Royal Convent of Santiago Andalusia MÁLAGA Vélez‐Málaga

Convent of Santa Clara Andalusia SEVILLE Carmona

Convent of La Purísima Concepción Andalusia SEVILLE Carmona

Convent of the Discalced Augustines of La Santísima Andalusia SEVILLE Carmona Trinidad

Convent of San José de las Teresas Andalusia SEVILLE Écija

Convent of La Santísima Trinidad y Concepción de Nuestra Andalusia SEVILLE Écija Señora

Estate and Convent of Nuestra Señora de Loreto Andalusia SEVILLE Espartinas

Old Convent of San Francisco del Santísimo Corpus Christi Morón de la Andalusia SEVILLE Frontera

Old Monastery of San Isidoro del Campo Andalusia SEVILLE Santiponce

Convent of La Madre de Dios Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Monastery of San Leandro Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Convent of El Carmen / Barracks of El Carmen Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Courtyard of the Old Convent of San Acasio Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 61 of 126 Convent of Las Teresas Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Convent of Santa Rosalía Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Monastery of San Clemente Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Convent of Padres Capuchinos Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Old Convent of La Santísima Trinidad Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Old Monastery of Santa Clara Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Convent of El Socorro Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Monastery of Santa Paula Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Monastery of Santa Inés Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Old Convent of Los Remedios Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Old Monastery of San Jerónimo de Buenavista Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Old Convent of San Agustín Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Old Convent of Padres Terceros Andalusia SEVILLE Seville

Convent Church of La Purísima Concepción Andalusia SEVILLE Utrera

ARAGÓN:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Monastery and Hospital of Santa Cristina Aragón HUESCA Aísa

Monastery of San Adrián de Sasabe Aragón HUESCA Borau

Monastery of Nuestra Señora de la Gloria Aragón HUESCA Casbas de Huesca

Monastery Church of San Pedro de Siresa Aragón HUESCA Hecho

Modern Monastery of San Juan de la Peña Aragón HUESCA Jaca

Old Monastery of San Juan de la Peña Aragón HUESCA Jaca

Royal Monastery of San Victorián Aragón HUESCA Pueyo de Araguás (El)

Castle of Montearagón Aragón HUESCA Quicena

Monastery of Nuestra Señora de la O Aragón HUESCA Sopeira

Monastery of Santa María de Obarra Aragón HUESCA Veracruz

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Royal Monastery of Santa María de Sijena Aragón HUESCA Villanueva de Sigena

Convent of San Valentín Aragón TERUEL Báguena

Monastery of El Olivar Aragón TERUEL Estercuel

Cloister and Wings of the Ex-Convent of Virgen del Carmen Aragón TERUEL Gea de Albarracin

Renaissance Convent of Los Arcos Aragón TERUEL Teruel

Church and Main Door of the Monastery of Santa Fe de Aragón ZARAGOZA Cadrete Huerva

Dominican Convent Aragón ZARAGOZA Gotor

Archaeological site of "El Convento" Aragón ZARAGOZA Mallén

Monasterio de Piedra Aragón ZARAGOZA Nuévalos

Convent Palace and Stables of the "La Alfranca" Estate. Aragón ZARAGOZA Pastriz

Church and Cloister of the Old Franciscan Convent Aragón ZARAGOZA Pina de Ebro

Monastery of Nuestra Señora de Rueda (Delimitation of Aragón ZARAGOZA Sástago setting 11)

Convent of San Francisco de Tarazona Aragón ZARAGOZA Tarazona

Monastery of San Jorge Aragón ZARAGOZA Tauste

Royal Monastery of Santa María de Veruela Aragón ZARAGOZA Vera de Moncayo

Royal Seminary of San Carlos. Church, Cloister and Convent Aragón ZARAGOZA Zaragoza

Convent Church of Las Facetas Aragón ZARAGOZA Zaragoza

Royal Monastery of Comendadoras Canonesas del Santo Aragón ZARAGOZA Zaragoza (m) Sepulcro

Convent of Agustinos de la Mantería Aragón ZARAGOZA Zaragoza (m)

ASTURIAS:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Corias Monastery and Church Principality of ASTURIAS Cangas de Narcea Asturias

Monastery of San Pedro de Villanueva Principality of ASTURIAS Cangas de Onís Asturias

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 63 of 126 Parish Church in the Monastery of Hermo Principality of ASTURIAS Cangas del Narcea Asturias Old Monastery of San Vicente Principality of ASTURIAS Oviedo Asturias

Baroque façade and cloister of the Convent of Santa Clara Principality of ASTURIAS Oviedo Asturias

Monastery of San Salvador de Cornellana Principality of ASTURIAS Salas Asturias

Monastery Church of San Miguel de Bárcena Principality of ASTURIAS Tineo Asturias

Monastery of Santa María la Real de Obona Principality of ASTURIAS Tineo Asturias

Monastery of Santa María de Villanueva de Oscos Principality of ASTURIAS Villanueva de Asturias Oscos

Monastery of Santa María de Valdediós Principality of ASTURIAS Villaviciosa Asturias

CANARIES:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Franciscan Convent of San Buenaventura Canaries LAS PALMAS Betancuria

Old Franciscan Convent of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe y Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE Adeje San Pablo TENERIFE

Convent of Conceptionist Franciscan Nuns of San Pedro y Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE Garachico San Cristóbal TENERIFE

Church and Old Franciscan Convent Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE Granadilla de TENERIFE Abona

Convent Church of Santo Domingo Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE Güimar TENERIFE

Ex-Convent of San Francisco Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE Icod de los Vinos TENERIFE

Convent of San Sebastián, of the Nuns of San Bernardo in Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE Los Silos Los Silos TENERIFE

Monastery of Santa Clara Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE San Cristobal de La TENERIFE Laguna

Ex-Convent of San Agustín Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE San Cristobal de La

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TENERIFE Laguna

Convent of Santa Catalina de Siena Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE San Cristóbal de La TENERIFE Laguna

Convent of San Francisco Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE Santa Cruz TENERIFE

Ex-Convent of San Agustín Canaries SANTA CRUZ DE Tacoronte TENERIFE

CANTABRIA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Monastery of Santo Toribio de Liébana Cantabria CANTABRIA Camaleño

Convent of Capuchin Fathers Cantabria CANTABRIA Escalante

Estate of the Convent of San Luis Cantabria CANTABRIA San Vicente de la Barquera

Convent of Las Clarisas de Santa Cruz Cantabria CANTABRIA Santander

CASTILE AND LEÓN

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Old Convent of Las Monjas Castile and León ÁVILA Aldeanueva de Santa Cruz Convent of San José Castile and León ÁVILA Ávila

Convent of San Francisco Castile and León ÁVILA Ávila

Convent of Santo Tomás Castile and León ÁVILA Ávila

Church‐Convent of Santa Teresa Castile and León ÁVILA Ávila

Monastery of La Encarnación (Delimitation of Setting 30‐07- Castile and León ÁVILA Ávila 1998)

Royal Monastery of Santa Ana Castile and León ÁVILA Ávila

Convent of Las Madres Clarisas Castile and León ÁVILA Ávila

Abbey Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción Castile and León ÁVILA Burgohondo

Monastery of San Jerónimo de Guisando with Gardens, Castile and León ÁVILA El Tiemblo Chapel and Cave

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 65 of 126 Convent of San Pablo Castile and León ÁVILA Las Navas del Marqués Convent of San Agustín Castile and León ÁVILA Madrigal de las Altas Torres

Church of the Convent of Santa Clara Castile and León BURGOS Briviesca

Monastery of Nuestra Señora Castile and León BURGOS Burgos

Monastery of Santa María la Real de las Huelgas Castile and León BURGOS Burgos

Royal Monastery of San Agustín Castile and León BURGOS Burgos

Monastery of San Juan and other constructions Castile and León BURGOS Burgos

Monastery of San Pedro de Cardeña Castile and León BURGOS Castrillo del Val

Monastery of San Pedro de Arlanza Castile and León BURGOS Hortigüela

Monastery of Santa María de Bujedo Castile and León BURGOS Ibeas de Juarros

Monastery of Santa María Castile and León BURGOS La Vid

Abbey of San Quirce Castile and León BURGOS Los Ausines

Convent of Las Madres Clarisas Castile and León BURGOS Medina de Pomar

Monastery of San Salvador Castile and León BURGOS Oña

Monastery of Fresdelval Castile and León BURGOS Quintanilla Vivar

Convent of El Espino Castile and León BURGOS Santa Gadea del Cid

Monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos Castile and León BURGOS Santo Domingo de Silos

Monastery of Santa María Castile and León BURGOS Villamayor de los Montes

Protected environment of the Monastery of Santa María de Castile and León LEÓN Carracedelo Carracedo

Monastery of Santa María Castile and León LEÓN Carrizo de la Ribera

Monastery of San Miguel de las Dueñas Castile and León LEÓN Congosto

Ruins of the Monastery of San Pedro de Eslonza Castile and León LEÓN Gradefes

Monastery of Santa María la Mayor Castile and León LEÓN Gradefes

Monastery of San Miguel de Escalada Castile and León LEÓN Gradefes

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Ex‐convent of San Marcos Castile and León LEÓN León

Monastery of Santa María de Sandoval Castile and León LEÓN Mansilla Mayor

Monastery of San Pedro Castile and León LEÓN Ponferrada

Monastery of San Pedro de las Dueñas Castile and León LEÓN Sahagún

Abbey of Sahagún (Royal Monastery of San Benito) Castile and León LEÓN Sahagún

Monastery and Church of San Andrés Castile and León LEÓN Vega de Espinareda

Monastery of Santa María de Trianos Castile and León LEÓN Villamol

Church of the Premonstratensian Convent Castile and León LEÓN Villarejo de Orbigo

Monastery of Santa María la Real Castile and León PALENCIA Aguilar de Campoo

Convent of Santa Clara Castile and León PALENCIA Aguilar de Campoo

Convent of Santa Clara Castile and León PALENCIA Astudillo

Monastery of Santa Clara Castile and León PALENCIA Calabazanos‐ Villamuriel de Cerrato

Monastery of San Zoilo Castile and León PALENCIA Carrión de los Condes

Church of Santa María and outbuildings of the old Abbey Castile and León PALENCIA Husillos

Monastery of San Salvador de Nogal Castile and León PALENCIA Nogal de las Huertas

Convent of San Pablo Castile and León PALENCIA Palencia

Monastery of Santa María de la Vega Castile and León PALENCIA Renedo de la Vega

Monastery of Santa Cruz de la Zarza Castile and León PALENCIA Ribas de Campos

Monastery of San Andrés de Arroyo Castile and León PALENCIA Santibáñez de Ecla

Convent of La Anunciación de Madres Carmelitas Castile and León SALAMANCA Alba de Tormes

Convent Church of Las Madres Isabeles Castile and León SALAMANCA Alba de Tormes

Monastery of San Leornardo (in ruins) Castile and León SALAMANCA Alba de Tormes

Convent of San José de las Batuecas de La Alberca Castile and León SALAMANCA Alberca

Ruins of the Convent of San Francisco Castile and León SALAMANCA Ciudad‐Rodrigo

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Monastery of La Caridad Castile and León SALAMANCA Ciudad‐Rodrigo

Church and Convent of El Zarzoso Castile and León SALAMANCA El Cabaco

Convent of Las Carmelitas Descalzas Castile and León SALAMANCA Peñaranda de Bracamonte

Convent of Las Dueñas Castile and León SALAMANCA Salamanca

Convent of San Esteban Castile and León SALAMANCA Salamanca

Convent of Los Capuchinos Castile and León SALAMANCA Salamanca

Convent of Santa María de la Vega Castile and León SALAMANCA Salamanca

Convent of Santa Ursula Castile and León SALAMANCA Salamanca

Convent of Religiosas de Santa Clara Castile and León SALAMANCA Salamanca

Remains of the Convent of San Antonio El Real Castile and León SALAMANCA Salamanca

Abbey of Santa María Real de Párraces Castile and León SEGOVIA Bercial

Ruins of the Monastery of Santa María de la Sierra Castile and León SEGOVIA Collado Hermoso

Convent of Santa Isabel Castile and León SEGOVIA El Espinar

Ruins of the Convent and Church of San Martín del Causar Castile and León SEGOVIA Montejo de la Vega de la Serrezuela

Monastery of Santa María Castile and León SEGOVIA Sacramenia

Monastery of Santa María de Nieva Claustro and church Castile and León SEGOVIA Santa María la Real facade de Nieva

Monastery of San Vicente el Real Castile and León SEGOVIA Segovia

Monastery of Santa María de "el Parral" Castile and León SEGOVIA Segovia

Convent of Santa Cruz Castile and León SEGOVIA Segovia

Hercules Tower in the Convent of Santo Domingo Castile and León SEGOVIA Segovia

Convent of San Antonio El Real Castile and León SEGOVIA Segovia

Ensemble comprised of the Fortified House, Convent and Castile and León SORIA Almarza Church of San Gregorio Zarrazano

Convent of La Merced Castile and León SORIA Almazán

Convent of Paredes Albas (Ruins) Castile and León SORIA Berlanga de Duero

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Monastery of Santa Maria de las Huertas Castile and León SORIA Santa María de Huerta

Old Monastery of San Polo Castile and León SORIA Soria

Monastery of San Juan de Duero Castile and León SORIA Soria

Monastery of Santa María de la Espina Castile and León VALLADOLID Castromonte

Monastery of Santa Maria de Armedilla Castile and León VALLADOLID Cogeces del Monte

Monastery of Santa María. Ruins Castile and León VALLADOLID Corcos

Convent of San Francisco Castile and León VALLADOLID Medina de Rioseco

Convent Church of San Pablo Castile and León VALLADOLID Peñafiel

Convent Church of Santa Clara and Arco de las Tapias Castile and León VALLADOLID Peñafiel

Monastery of Santa María de Retuerta Castile and León VALLADOLID Sardón de Duero

Royal Monastery of Santa Clara de Tordesillas Castile and León VALLADOLID Tordesillas

Monastery of Santa María Castile and León VALLADOLID Valbuena de Duero

Convent of Santa Teresa Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Convent of Las Descalzas Reales Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Church and Cloister of the Convent of Santa Isabel Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Convent Church of Portaceli Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Old Convent of Las Brígidas Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Royal Monastery of Recoletas Bernardas de San Joaquín y Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid Santa Ana

Monastery of Las Madres Dominicas de Santa Catalina Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Convent of Las Comendadoras de Santa Cruz Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Monastery of Santa María de las Huelgas Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Ex-convent of San Gregorio Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Monastery of Nuestra Señora del Prado Castile and León VALLADOLID Valladolid

Ruins of the Monastery of Santa María Castile and León VALLADOLID Villalba de los Alcores

Convent of Santa Clara Castile and León ZAMORA Benavente

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Monastery of Santa María Castile and León ZAMORA Galende

Ruins of the Monastery of Santa María de Moreruela Castile and León ZAMORA Granja de Moreruela

Convent of Sancti Spiritu of Dominican Religious Castile and León ZAMORA Toro

Convent of San Francisco Castile and León ZAMORA Zamora

Cloister of the Convent of El Corpus Christi de las Clarisas Castile and León ZAMORA Zamora Descalzas

CASTILE-LA MANCHA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Convent of Santo Domingo Castile‐La ALBACETE Chinchilla de Mancha Montearagón

Convent of San Francisco Castile‐La ALBACETE Hellín Mancha

Convent of Carmelite Nuns and the church Castile‐La ALBACETE Liétor Mancha

Old Monastery of Santa Clara Castile‐La CIUDAD REAL Alcázar de San Mancha Juan

Convent Castle of Calatrava la Nueva Castile‐La CIUDAD REAL Aldea de Rey Mancha

Convent of La Asunción Castile‐La CIUDAD REAL Almagro Mancha

Convent of La Inmaculada Concepción Castile‐La CIUDAD REAL Ciudad Real Mancha

Convent of La Merced Castile‐La CIUDAD REAL Ciudad Real Mancha

Convent of Las Carmelitas Descalzas Castile‐La CIUDAD REAL Ciudad Real Mancha

Convent Church of Las Descalzas Castile‐La CIUDAD REAL Daimiel Mancha

Convent of Los Agustinos Castile‐La CIUDAD REAL Fuenllana Mancha

Convent of La Merced Castile‐La CUENCA Cuenca Mancha

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Convent of San Felipe Neri Castile‐La CUENCA Cuenca Mancha

Monastery of La Concepción Francisca Castile‐La CUENCA Cuenca Mancha

Monastery of Las Madres Benedictinas Castile‐La CUENCA Cuenca Mancha

Convent of San Pedro de las Justinianas Castile‐La CUENCA Cuenca Mancha

Convent of San Pablo Castile‐La CUENCA Cuenca Mancha

Monastery of La Merced Castile‐La CUENCA Huete Mancha

Convent of Jesús y Maria justinianas Castile‐La CUENCA Huete Mancha

Old Jesuit Convent Castile‐La CUENCA Huete Mancha

Convent of Nuestra Señora del Rosal Castile‐La CUENCA Priego Mancha

Convent of Santiago Castile‐La CUENCA Uclés Mancha

Convent of Los Dominicos Castile‐La CUENCA Villaescusa de Haro Mancha

Convent of Carmelitas de San José Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Brihuega Mancha

Monastery of Santa María de Monsalud Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Córcoles Mancha

Convent of San Francisco Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Guadalajara Mancha

Convent Monastery of Nuestra Señora de los Remedios Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Guadalajara Mancha

Convent of Carmelitas de San José Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Guadalajara Mancha

Convent of La Piedad Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Guadalajara Mancha

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Monastery of Sopetrán Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Hita Mancha

Monastery of San Bartolomé Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Lupiana Mancha

Ruins of Convent of San Antonio Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Mondejar Mancha

Monastery of Santa María de Buenafuente del Sistal Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Olmeda de Cobeta Mancha

Convent of La Concepción Franciscana Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Pastrana Mancha

Monastery of Bonaval Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Retiendas Mancha

Monastery of Monsalud Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Sacedón Mancha

Monastery of Santa María de Ovila Castile‐La GUADALAJARA Trillo Mancha

Convent of Los Trinitarios Calzados Castile‐La TOLEDO Dosbarrios Mancha

Convent of Las Trinitarias Castile‐La TOLEDO El Toboso Mancha

Convent of Las Concepcionistas Franciscanas Castile‐La TOLEDO Escalona Mancha

Convent of Las Concepcionistas Franciscanas Castile‐La TOLEDO La Puebla de Mancha Montalbán

Convent of Santo Domingo Castile‐La TOLEDO Ocaña Mancha

Convent of Carmelitas de San José Castile‐La TOLEDO Ocaña Mancha

Old convent of San Agustín el Viejo Castile‐La TOLEDO Talavera de la Mancha Reina

Convent of La Encarnación de M. M. Bernardas Castile‐La TOLEDO Talavera de la Mancha Reina

Convent of San Antonio de Padua Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

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Convent of San Juan de la Penitencia Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of San Clemente Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of Santa Clara la Real Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of La Concepción Francisca Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of La Madre de Dios Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of San Pedro Mártir Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Royal Co-Patronage of the School of Nuestra Señora de Los Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Remedios Mancha

Convent of Santa Isabel de los Reyes Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of Los Carmelitas Descalzos Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of Santa Ursula Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of Las Carmelitas de San José Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of Santo Domingo El Real Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of La Concepción Benedictina y de San Pablo Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of San Gil Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of Santo Domingo El Antiguo Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of La Purísima Concepción Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of Las Comendadoras de Santiago Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

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Monastery of San Juan de los Reyes Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of Las Agustinas Calzadas de la Purísima Concepción Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo (Gaitanas) Mancha

Convent of Santa Fé Castile‐La TOLEDO Toledo Mancha

Convent of Las Reverendas Madres Concepcionistas Castile‐La TOLEDO Torrijos Franciscanas (by Resolution of 17 March 2009 a file was Mancha initiated to establish the building’s delimitation)

Franciscan Convent Castile‐La TOLEDO Velada Mancha

CATALONIA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Monastery of Santa María de L'Estany Catalonia BARCELONA L'Estany

Monastery of San Sebastián dels Gorgs Catalonia BARCELONA Avinyonet del Penedès

Monastery of Pedralbes Catalonia BARCELONA Barcelona

Convent of Els Angels Catalonia BARCELONA Barcelona

Convent of the Reverend Teresian Mothers Catalonia BARCELONA Barcelona

Convent of Santa Mónica Catalonia BARCELONA Barcelona

Monastery of Sant Miquel del Fai Catalonia BARCELONA Bigues i Riells

Monastery of Santa María de Lillet Catalonia BARCELONA La Pobla de Lillet

Monastery of Sant Pere de la Portella Catalonia BARCELONA La Quar

Monastery of San Pedro de Casserres Catalonia BARCELONA Les Masies de Roda

Monastery of Santa María Catalonia BARCELONA Lluçà

Benedictine Monastery of San Llorens de Munt Catalonia BARCELONA Matadepera

Monastery of La Inmaculada Concepción Catalonia BARCELONA Mataró

Abbey of Montserrat Catalonia BARCELONA Monistrol de Montserrat

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Monastery of San Benito de Bages Catalonia BARCELONA Sant Fruitós de Bages

Monastery of Sant Pol Catalonia BARCELONA Sant Pol de Mar

Convent Castle of Penyafort Catalonia BARCELONA Santa Margarida els Monjos

Monastery of Roca Rossa Catalonia BARCELONA Tordera

Monastery of Santa María Catalonia BARCELONA Viver i Serrateix

Monastery of Santa María Catalonia BARCELONA Viver i Serrateix

Monastery of Santa Maria de Riudaura Catalonia GIRONA Riudaura

Monastery of San Esteban Catalonia GIRONA Banyoles

Monastery of San Pedro Catalonia GIRONA Camprodón

Monastery of Santa María Catalonia GIRONA Cervià de Ter

Monastery and Church of San Pedro de Roda Catalonia GIRONA El Port de la Selva

Convent of San José Catalonia GIRONA Girona

Benedictine Monastery of San Daniel Catalonia GIRONA Girona

Ruins of the Convent of San Francisco de Asís Catalonia GIRONA Girona

Convent of Santo Domingo (Headquarters of the University) Catalonia GIRONA Girona

Monastery of Santa María Catalonia GIRONA Lladó

Cloister of the Old Convent of El Carmen Catalonia GIRONA Olot

Monastery of Santo Domingo Catalonia GIRONA Peralada

Monastery of San Quirce de Colera Catalonia GIRONA Rabós

Monastery of Santa María Catalonia GIRONA Ripoll

Ruins of the Monastery of Santa Maria de Roses Catalonia GIRONA Roses

Fortified Monastery of Sant Feliu de Guíxols Catalonia GIRONA Sant Feliu de Guixols

Monastery of San Juan de las Abadesas Catalonia GIRONA Sant Joan de les Abadesses

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Castle. The Abbey (fortified construction) Catalonia GIRONA Vilamalla

Castle of Vilasacra or the Abbey Catalonia GIRONA Vila‐sacra

Convent of Santo Domingo Catalonia LLEIDA Balaguer

Monastery of Santa María de Les Franqueses Catalonia LLEIDA Balaguer

Monastery of Santa María Catalonia LLEIDA Baronia de Rialp

Convent of San Bartolomé Catalonia LLEIDA Bellpuig

Franciscan Convent Catalonia LLEIDA Bellpuig

Old Granary building of the Monastery of Poblet Catalonia LLEIDA Castellsera

Monastery of Santa María Catalonia LLEIDA La Baronía de Rialb

Monastery of San Pedro Catalonia LLEIDA La Portella

Convent of Mercenarios Catalonia LLEIDA La Portella

Monastery of Sant Pere de Grandescales Catalonia LLEIDA Navès

Monastery of Santa María de Bellpuig de las Avellanes Catalonia LLEIDA Os de Balaguer

Monastery of San Sadurni de Tabernoles Catalonia LLEIDA Sant Romá de Tavernoles

Monastery of El Sants Celdoni y Ermenter de Cellers Catalonia LLEIDA Torà

Monastery of Santa María de Vallbona Catalonia LLEIDA Vallbona de les Monges

Fortified Monastery of Santes Creus Catalonia TARRAGONA Aiguamúrcia

Convent of San Salvador Catalonia TARRAGONA Horta de Sant Joan

Convent of Nuestra Señora de la Merced Catalonia TARRAGONA Santa Coloma de Queralt

Abbey Tower Catalonia TARRAGONA Vilaseca

Royal Monastery of Santa María de Poblet Catalonia TARRAGONA Vimbodí

EXTREMADURA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Convent of San Antonio Extremadura BADAJOZ Almendralejo

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Convent. Royal Convent of Franciscanas de Santa Ana Extremadura BADAJOZ Badajoz

Monastery of Santa María de Tentudía Extremadura BADAJOZ Calera de León

Convent of Santiago Extremadura BADAJOZ Calera de León

Franciscan Convent of San Isidro de Loriana Extremadura BADAJOZ Mérida

Convent of San Andrés Extremadura BADAJOZ Mérida

Old Convent of Santa Eulalia Extremadura BADAJOZ Mérida

Ex-convent of Santa Clara Extremadura BADAJOZ Mérida

Convent of Luriana Extremadura BADAJOZ Puebla de Obando

Convent of Santa Clara Extremadura BADAJOZ Zafra

The Abbey Extremadura CÁCERES Abadía

Ex-convent of San Benito Extremadura CÁCERES Alcántara

Franciscan Convent Extremadura CÁCERES Belvis de Monroy

Convent of San Francisco and the Church Extremadura CÁCERES Cáceres

Convent of La Preciosa Sangre, the Casa del Sol and the Extremadura CÁCERES Cáceres Convent Church of San Francisco Javier

Monastery of San Jerónimo Extremadura CÁCERES Cuacos de Yuste

Convent of San Antonio Extremadura CÁCERES Garrovillas de Alconétar

Monastery of Nuestra Señora De Guadalupe Extremadura CÁCERES Guadalupe

Convent of Santo Domingo Extremadura CÁCERES Plasencia

Convent Church of Los Agustinos Extremadura CÁCERES Santa Cruz de la Sierra

Monastery of El Santísimo Cristo de la Victoria Extremadura CÁCERES Serradilla

Convent of Las Jerónimas Extremadura CÁCERES Trujillo

Convent of San Agustín Extremadura CÁCERES Valdefuentes

GALICIA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Church ruins of the ex-convent of San Francisco Galicia A CORUÑA A Coruña

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Monastery of Sta Catalina de Montefaro Galicia A CORUÑA Ares (comarca de Ferrol)

Monastery and Church of San Salvador Galicia A CORUÑA Bergonda‐ Bergüenda

Convent Church of San Francisco Galicia A CORUÑA Betanzos

Convent of San Francisco Galicia A CORUÑA Cabana de Bergantiños

Monastery of San Xusto de Toxosoutos Galicia A CORUÑA Lousame (Noia (comarca))

Monastery of Santa María Galicia A CORUÑA Monfero (Eume (comarca))

Historic Complex. Church and Buildings of the Old Galicia A CORUÑA Muxia Monastery of San Julián

Church of the Old Monastery of San Salvador de Cis Galicia A CORUÑA Oza de los Ríos

Monastery of San Lorenzo Trasouto Galicia A CORUÑA Santiago de Compostela

Monastery of Santa María Galicia A CORUÑA Sobrado de los Monjes

Monastery of San Esteban de Chouzán Galicia LUGO Carballedo

Monastery of San Salvador Galicia LUGO Lorenzana

Old Convent of San Francisco, Parish of San Pedro Galicia LUGO Lugo

Monastery of Santa María Galicia LUGO Meira

Convent of San Vicente Do Pino Galicia LUGO Monforte de Lemos

Church of the Old Monastery of San Miguel Galicia LUGO Panton

Cistercian Monastery Galicia LUGO Pantón

Monastery of Santa Clara Galicia LUGO Ribadeo

Monastery of San Julián de Samos Galicia LUGO Samos

Church Complex of the Convent of San Francisco and Galicia LUGO Viveiro surroundings. (Parish of Santiago)

Monastery of Nuestra Señora de Valdeflores Galicia LUGO Viveiro

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Monastery of San Rosendo Galicia OURENSE Celanova

Monastery of San Clodio and its Medieval Bridge Galicia OURENSE Leiro (Ribeiro (O) (regional))

Monastery of Santa María Galicia OURENSE Melón

Monastery of Santa María de Montederramo Galicia OURENSE Montederramo

Monastery of San Esteban Galicia OURENSE Nogueira de Ramuín (San Martiño)

Church, Chapter Hall and Gothic Cloister of the Monastery Galicia OURENSE Oseira of Osera

Convent of San Francisco Galicia OURENSE Ourense

Monastery of Santa Cristina de Ribas de Sil Galicia OURENSE Parada de Sil (Terra de Caldelas

Convent of Santo Domingo Galicia OURENSE Ribadavia

Monastery of Ramiranes Galicia OURENSE Villamea

Monastery of El Buen Jesús Galicia OURENSE Xinzo de Limia

Monastery of Santa María Galicia PONTEVEDRA Forcarei

Monastery of San Salvador Galicia PONTEVEDRA Lérez

Monastery of Santa María Galicia PONTEVEDRA Meis

Monastery of Santa María Galicia PONTEVEDRA Oia

Monastery of Poyo Galicia PONTEVEDRA Poio

Convent and Church of San Francisco Galicia PONTEVEDRA Pontevedra

Expanse surrounding the Monastery of San Salvador de Galicia PONTEVEDRA Pontevedra Lerez. San Salvador de Lerez

Monastery of San Lorenzo Galicia PONTEVEDRA Silleda

Convent of Santo Domingo Galicia PONTEVEDRA Tui

LA RIOJA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Monastery of Nuestra Señora de Valvanera La Rioja LA RIOJA Anguiano

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Monastery of Ntra. Sra. de la Piedad La Rioja LA RIOJA Casalareina

Palace of the Marquis of Monasterio La Rioja LA RIOJA Logroño

Ex-convent of La Merced La Rioja LA RIOJA Logroño

Monastery of Santa María la Real La Rioja LA RIOJA Nájera

Monastery of San Millán de Suso La Rioja LA RIOJA San Millán de la Cogolla

Monastery of San Millán de Yuso La Rioja LA RIOJA San Millán de la Cogolla

Convent of San Francisco La Rioja LA RIOJA Santo Domingo de la Calzada

BALEARIC ISLANDS:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Convent of the Dominican Fathers Balearic Islands BALEARIC Eivissa ISLANDS Convent of San Buenaventura Balearic Islands BALEARIC Llucmajor ISLANDS Convent of San Francisco Balearic Islands BALEARIC Mahón ISLANDS Convent of Santa Isabel Balearic Islands BALEARIC Palma de Mallorca ISLANDS Monastery of La Real Balearic Islands BALEARIC Palma de Mallorca ISLANDS Convent of Santa Clara and the Church Balearic Islands BALEARIC Palma de Mallorca ISLANDS Convent Church of Sena Balearic Islands BALEARIC Palma de Mallorca ISLANDS Old Convent of Santa Margarita Balearic Islands BALEARIC Palma de Mallorca ISLANDS Convent of Santa Margarita Balearic Islands BALEARIC Palma de Mallorca ISLANDS Monastery of La Purísima Concepción Balearic Islands BALEARIC Palma de Mallorca ISLANDS Convent of San Bernardino Balearic Islands BALEARIC Petra ISLANDS Convent of Nuestra Señora de la Soledad Balearic Islands BALEARIC Santa María del ISLANDS Camí

Old Convent of Mínimos Balearic Islands BALEARIC Santa María del ISLANDS Camí

Convent of La Beata Franciscana Cirer Balearic Islands BALEARIC Sencelles ISLANDS

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Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Church and Convent of Religiosas Bernardas Madrid MADRID Alcalá de Henares

Convent of Santo Tomás Madrid MADRID Alcalá de Henares

Royal Convent of San Pascual Madrid MADRID Aranjuez

Convent of Las Madres Carmelitas Madrid MADRID Boadilla del Monte

Convent of Clarisas de la Encarnación Madrid MADRID Griñón

Monastery of La Inmaculada Concepción Madrid MADRID Loeches

Convent of Las Comendadoras de Santiago Madrid MADRID Madrid

Convent of Las Monjas Trinitarias Descalzas Madrid MADRID Madrid

Convent and Church of San Pascual Madrid MADRID Madrid

Monastery of El Corpus Christi "Las Carboneras" Madrid MADRID Madrid

Convent of Padres Paules Madrid MADRID Madrid

Convent of Las Salesas Nuevo Madrid MADRID Madrid

Monastery of Las Descalzas Reales Madrid MADRID Madrid

Convent of Siervas de María Madrid MADRID Madrid

Convent of La Purísima Concepción of the nuns of the Order Madrid MADRID Madrid of La Merced

Old Monastery of Las Salesas Reales Madrid MADRID Madrid

Convent of Reparadoras Madrid MADRID Madrid

Royal Monastery of La Encarnación Madrid MADRID MADRID

Convent and Church of Madres Reparadoras Madrid MADRID Madrid

Royal Monastery of Santa Isabel Madrid MADRID Madrid

National Church of Santa Teresa de Jesús and Convent of Los Madrid MADRID Madrid Padres Carmelitas Descalzos. Padres Carmelitas Descalzos

Church and Convent of Nuestra Señora de Monserrat Madrid MADRID Madrid

Monastery Church of Benedictinas de San Plácido Madrid MADRID Madrid

Monastery of Pelayos Madrid MADRID Pelayos de la Presa

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Convent Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción Madrid MADRID Pinto (Capuchins), in Pinto

Monastery of Santa María del Paular Madrid MADRID Rascafría

Ex-convent of Rivas de Jarama Madrid MADRID Rivas-Vaciamadrid

Monastery of El Escorial Madrid MADRID San Lorenzo de El Escorial

Monastery of San Lorenzo Madrid MADRID San Lorenzo de El Escorial

MELILLA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Convent of Los Hermanos Menores Capuchinos de Melilla Melilla

MURCIA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Convent of Los Mínimos or San Francisco de Paula Murcia MURCIA Alcantarilla

Monastery Church of Ntra. Sra. del Carmen Murcia MURCIA Caravaca de la Cruz

Church of San José (Monastery or Monjas Carmelitas) Murcia MURCIA Caravaca de la Cruz

Convent and Church of La Compañia de Jesús Murcia MURCIA Caravaca de la Cruz

Monastery of San Ginés de la Jara Murcia MURCIA Cartagena

Convent of San Esteban and the Church Murcia MURCIA Cehegín

Convent of Los Franciscanos Descalzos de S. Joaquin y S. Murcia MURCIA Cieza Pascual

Monastery of Santa Ana del Monte Murcia MURCIA Jumilla

Church and Convent of El Carmen Murcia MURCIA Lorca

Royal Monastery of La Encarnación de Monjas Clarisas Murcia MURCIA Mula

Royal Monastery of Santa Clara Murcia MURCIA Murcia

Convent, Church and Monastic Kitchen Garden of Las Murcia MURCIA Murcia Monjas Agustinas del Corpus Christi

Monastery of San Pedro known as Los Jerónimos and the Murcia MURCIA Murcia Church

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 82 of 126 Church of La Merced and Convent of Los Padres Murcia MURCIA Murcia Franciscanos

NAVARRE:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Monastery of Santa María de Iranzu Navarre NAVARRA Abárzuza

Monastery of Santa María de Irache Navarre NAVARRA Ayegui

Ex‐Cistercian Monastery of Santa María de la Oliva Navarre NAVARRA Carcastillo

Monastery-Chapel of San Pedro de Gazaga Navarre NAVARRA Dicastillo

Monastery of Santa María Navarre NAVARRA Fitero

Monastery of Santa María de Zamarce Navarre NAVARRA Huarte‐Araquil

Monastery of Yarte Navarre NAVARRA Iza (Merindad de Pamplona (comarca))

Convent of Agustinas Recoletas Navarre NAVARRA Pamplona

Royal Cistercian Monastery of Nuestra Señora de la Caridad Navarre NAVARRA Tulebras de Tulebras

Monastery of San Salvador de Leire Navarre NAVARRA Yesa

BASQUE COUNTRY:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Convent of Religiosas Cistercienses de Barria Basque Country ÁLAVA San Millán‐ Donemiliaga

Convent of San Francisco Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Arrasate‐ Mondragón

Convent of La Concepción Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Eibar

Convent of Nuestra Señora del Consuelo, de Brígidas de Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Hernani Lasarte

Convent of San Agustín, Agustines Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Hernani

Convent of Santa Ana Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Oñati

Convent of La Santísima Trinidad Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Oñati

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 83 of 126 Convent of San Telmo Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA San Sebastián‐ Donostia

Convent of San Telmo, Courtyard, Cloister and minor Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA San Sebastián‐ Annexes Church Donostia

Convent of San Francisco Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Tolosa

Convent of Santa Clara Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Tolosa (Guipúzcoa)

Convent of San Juan Bautista Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Zarautz

Convent of Santa Clara Basque Country GUIPÚZCOA Zarautz

VALENCIA:

Official Denomination Autonomous Province Municipality Community Convent of Las Canónigas Reguladoras de San Agustin Valencia ALICANTE Alicante

Convent of Benissa Valencia ALICANTE Benissa

Convent of Santo Domingo Valencia ALICANTE Orihuela

Ex-convent of La Merced Valencia CASTELLÓN Burriana

Convent of San Francisco Valencia CASTELLÓN Morella

Ruined Monastery of Santa María de Benifasar Valencia CASTELLÓN Pobla de Benifassà

Monastery of San Jerónimo de Cotalba Valencia VALENCIA Alfauir

Fortified Monastery of Nuestra Señora de la Murta Valencia VALENCIA Alzira

Convent of Aguas Vivas Valencia VALENCIA Carcaixent

Ex-convent of Santo Domingo Valencia VALENCIA Játiva

Royal Monastery of la Asunción Valencia VALENCIA Játiva

Monastery of El Corpus Christi Valencia VALENCIA Llutxent

Monastery of Santa Maria Valencia VALENCIA Puig

Monastery of Santa María de Valldigna Valencia VALENCIA Simat de la Valldigna

Chapel of the Kings of the Convent of Santo Domingo Valencia VALENCIA Valencia

Convent of Augustine Religious of San José y Santa Tecla Valencia VALENCIA Valencia Monastery of San Vicente de la Roqueta

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 84 of 126 Monastery of El Temple Valencia VALENCIA Valencia

Royal Monastery of la Trinidad Valencia VALENCIA Valencia

Ex-Convent of El Carmen and Church of Santa Cruz Valencia VALENCIA Valencia

Monastery of San Miguel de los Reyes and its protected Valencia VALENCIA Valencia environment

 ANY ASSETS SHOWN IN ORANGE ARE IN THE PROCESS OF VERIFICATION. REASONS:

‐ There is no information on them in the sources.

‐ It is not clear whether they have been listed as Assets of Cultural Interest, or whether the listing has been initiated, owing to the absence of basic data in official sources.

‐ It is not a protected Asset but stands in a protected setting.

‐ Its monastic use is unclear.

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APPENDIX III EXAMPLE OF COMPLETION OF THE STANDARD DATA SHEET

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A. BASIC DATA: Asset Identification and Classification

1. NAME, DENOMINATION, RELIGIOUS CONGREGATION

N.P. Code: Asset Code (from H.H.): Official denomination of the Asset: Monastery of Santa Isabel la Real Popular denomination of the Asset: Santa Isabel la Real Current congregation: Franciscan Clares 2. LOCATION:

Autonomous Community: Andalusia Province: Granada Municipality: Granada Nearest municipality: Address: C/ Santa Isabel la Real, 17. 18010 Granada Email: [email protected] Website: Telephone: 958277836 (prioress Sor Isabel) Observations on location: Situated in the Albaicín quarter of Granada, it is well-connected via buses 31 and 32 and on foot. 3. ASSET OWNERSHIP:

State Heritage: Publicly National Heritage: Asset Owned Autonomous: Ownership Provincial: Municipal: Ecclesiastical Diocesan: Privately Institution Religious Order: Owned Religious Community: X Other natural or legal persons:

Observations on ownership:

4. LEVEL OF PROTECTION OF THE MONUMENT OR ENSEMBLE

Level of protection: Listed as Asset of Cultural Interest: X Listing initiated: Date in Official State Bulletin: Date listed in O.S.B.: 1922-07-06 Date listing initiated in O.S.B.: Protection file needs updating: YES: NO: X Observations on level of protection:

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B. SPECIFIC DATA: Asset analysis and description

5. OCCUPATION OF THE ASSET

Occupation of Uninhabited Ruin: the Asset Non-ruin: Inhabited: X Occupation status: Ownership: X Occupants:

Observations on occupation status:

Types of Civil: occupants: Religious: X Observation on occupants:

6. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RELIGIOUS CONGREGATION

Gender of the Male: congregation Female: X Enclosed Papal: X Status of the Constitutional: congregation Non-enclosed: Enclosed and non-enclosed: Others: Holy See: Legal dependency of the Diocesan: X congregation Religious order: Others: Observations on legal dependency: Archbishop of Granada No. of non-religious residents: No.: 17 Religious Average age: between 40 and 60 residents: Religious from foreign No.: 2 countries: Countries of origin: Mexico Observations on the residents: At this time a new novice coming from Miami has entered the convent, though she is originally from Mexico. The eldest sister is 90 years old and the youngest, a novice, is 27.

Craftwork: Activities of the congregation Culinary: X besides the religious Office Automation: functions: Others: X

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Observations on the congregation’s activities: - They bake Christmas and Easter confectionery as well as muffins throughout the year, which they sell through the turnstile. They also make sacred hosts. - As an important part of their activities, they perform the systematic maintenance of visitor areas, especially for guided tours. 7. USE OF THE MONASTIC COMPLEX

Religious: X Current main use of the Non-religious: monastic complex: Mixed: Observations on the current principal use of the monastic complex: - They hold religious services open to the public, masses officiated in the Church: every day at 19 h and Sundays at 10 h. No. of High: Tourist-Cultural Use of tourist Low: X the monastic complex: visits/year: Observations on tourist visits: The Albaicín Foundation organises guided tours since 2002 of the following convent spaces: Church, San José dormitory and Regina dormitory, plus the imminent opening of the Library. Tours are on Saturdays. Hotel: Educational: Other uses of the monastic Healthcare: complex: Assistance: Commercial: Others: Observations on other uses of the monastic complex: Proposals, ideas for other compatible activities: 8. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MONASTIC COMPLEX

Antiquity: Chronology of the monastery’s Middle Ages: foundation: 16th Century: X 17th Century: 18th Century: 19th Century: 20th Century: Observations on the foundation: - Its construction was ordered by the Catholic Monarch Isabella I of Castile. - Construction began in 1507. Antiquity: Middle Ages: Chronology of the most relevant 16th Century: construction phases: 17th Century: 18th Century: 19th Century: 20th Century

Observations on the most relevant construction phases: Features considerable architectural unity due to being built mostly in the 16th century.

Succinct description of the complex: A 16th-century monastic complex built on the site of the Nazarite palace of Dar al-horra, of which the main building, attached to the convent, still exists. The rooms revolve around a rectangular atrium measuring 50 metres per side, with two storeys, of which we may highlight: the church with the nave for the faithful and the main chapel, higher choir and lower choir, Regina Dormitory accessed via a staircase decorated with images of the Virgin and National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 89 of 126

Child, San José Dormitory (currently closed for reforms), Library (soon to be opened to the public), Refectory and the kitchen, which is currently used as a display room for Fajalauza crockery and kitchen utensils. The enclosed rooms, where no visits are allowed, are situated on one of the sides of the complex, near the old refectory and kitchen. Landscape and/or urban context: Situated in the Albaicín quarter Description of the most of Granada. relevant elements in the Archaeological Heritage: Built on a site that had been partly complex: occupied by the Nazarite palace of Dar al-horra, of which the main building is attached to one of the sides. There are probably archaeological strata belonging to this palace. Immovable Heritage:

Cloister - Cloister: built in the last quarter of the 16th century. Square courtyard almost 21 metres per side, distributed over two storeys. The lower arches are rounded and the upper are basket-handle arches. According to indications in the keystone of the central arches, they were built in 1572 with the buttery gallery, in 1574 that of the refectory, in 1589 that of the access to the locutorium and in 1592 the one closing off the church lateral. - Octagonal Cloister Fountain, built in stone around the year 1580. - Battens of the top east and west galleries. - Access door to the lower choir and staircase: with marquetry work representing the coat of arms of the Mendoza family.

Church Façade

- Church façade built in the first quarter of the 16th century by Enrique de Egas in an institutional gothic lancet style recalling the origins of the complex as a royal foundation. The margins are formed from sheaves of uprights finished off with pinnacles. - The lower body has an opening with a finialled ogee arch. In its central part, inside a small niche in the arch keystone, the coat of arms of the Catholic Monarchs can be seen under the eagle of Saint John Evangelist. In the spandrels are the emblems of the Catholic Monarchs, the yoke and arrows, symbolising the Monastery’s royal foundation. - It is crowned in the top part with an alfiz cornice whose decoration with floral thistle leaf motifs is characteristic of late- gothic decorations in the province of Granada. - To the left is the bell tower, built in brick and the oldest Mudejar tower conserved in Granada.

Church

- Single-nave with a rectangular floor plan, a higher choir and a lower choir at its feet, linked to the church via a grille in keeping with a plan found in the major Andalusian convents. - Nave of the faithful, the single, rectangular-shaped nave of the church. - Main altarpiece, one of the greatest examples of Granada altarpieces, combining pictorial and sculptural elements. Made in the second half of the 16th century and early 17th century. The structure of the altarpiece was modified in the first half of the 18th century with the inclusion of a central element in the National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 90 of 126

Churrigueresque style formed from a manifester and a niche holding an image of the Virgin of Guadalupe. The altarpiece structure is formed from a bench, two bodies and a small attic distributed over five lanes. The first body contains two pieces in high relief in the external lanes dedicated to the Redemptorist Cycle (Adoration of the Shepherds and the Circumcision) and two sculptures in the internal lanes representing the founders of the order: Saint Francis and Saint Clare. These sculptures were repainted in the 18th and 20th centuries owing to the emergence of a white zinc oxide deposit. In the upper floor are the paintings on boards symbolising the Renunciation of the Christians: Saint John the Baptist and Saint Elizabeth of Hungary. In the centre is a sculptural group representing the Stations of the Cross. It is all finished off with a frontis of the Eternal Father. - Mural paintings acting as a backdrop and completely covering the walls of the main chapel and the pointed toral arch that separates it from the nave of the faithful. The internal spandrels of the toral arch show the date of 1736. The paintings were made at the height of the Baroque in the 17th century, with expressive motifs and trompe-l’oeil. - Ceiling of the main chapel: covered in wood in a gothic design, with lobed shapes and curved stars with pendants in the English tradition. - Mudejar framework covering the nave of the faithful. It is one of the best-conserved and oldest in Granada. It was built in the first third of the 16th century, with three panels, three pairs of stays, honeycomb work and applied polychromy. - Wooden pulpit on a pedestal: situated at the foot of the staircase of the Main Chapel and dating from the second quarter of the 17th century. Decorated with typical early Baroque ornaments. - Small altar on the right-hand side of the staircase, dating from the early 16th century. With paintings and a small alabaster relief representing the crown of spines. - At the foot of the church are two choirs connected with the church via grilles. - San José altarpiece: to the right of the pulpit, built in the 18th century, Baroque. - Altarpiece of the Immaculate Conception: situated in the left- hand side of the church, in a Baroque style dating from the 18th century. In the central niche is an Immaculate virgin from the circle of Alonso Cano. - Chapel of Don Pedro de la Calle: altarpiece built in the 17th century and integrated into the fabric of the wall on the Gospel side of the church. In the central part is a painting on canvas representing the Stations of the Cross, probably produced by Pedro de la Calle. - Altarpiece dedicated to Ecce Homo thought to date from the last third of the 18th century as the colour combination (red and green, with gilt) is characteristic of altarpieces from that era. - Communion rail situated between the nave of the faithful and the lower choir of the church whose double-leaf window has paintings on wood by José Risueño. - Organ built in the 18th century situated at the foot of the church in the balconies of the higher choir. It conserves its original bellows and the pipes date from 1804. National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 91 of 126

Choirs

- Lower choir situated at the foot of the church. - Tombstones situated in the lower choir for the convent sisters. Today they are no longer used as a place of burial. - Floor of the lower choir, dating from 1790. - Floor of the grille between the lower choir and the main nave and enclosing the heart of the founder (Teresa de Torres). The floor is original and dates from the 16th century. - Higher choir, with numerous works of art consisting of paintings and sculptures. - Honeycomb higher-choir framework - Pump organ, Baroque, situated in the higher choir.

Refectory

- Refectory: a room now used for the popular Fajalauza crockery typical of Granada and originating in the 16th century, displayed on refectory tables. With a well-conserved panelled ceiling. - Kitchen: now dedicated to the display of traditional convent kitchen utensils.

Staircase leading to the higher choir and old dormitories

- With an original wooden balustrade. - With octagonal framework of Mudejar tradition, with conopial scalloping and an interesting lamp hanging from it. - The focal point of its carved wood ceiling with a latticed pattern is an eight-point star hanging from a honeycomb cupola. - In the walls surrounding the staircase are several niches containing works of art.

Regina Dormitory

- Regina Dormitory: situated in the top part of the cloister, it is an old room where the sisters slept and is now used as a display room for a collection of figures of the baby Jesus and a canvas of the Crowned Virgin.

Floral Backdrops

- The different rooms in the convent contain altarpieces and urns with several types of painted floral backdrops for the principal images. - They are considered to form part of immovable heritage, as they are part of the actual architecture of the altarpiece or niche. They are characteristic of this convent, giving a particular touch to the images they frame. It is believed to be a 19th-century practice that in some cases, as in the Stations of the Cross of the Main Chapel’s altarpiece, was made to give uniformity to the background. It is also believed to be closely related to the practice of making flowers from natural silk that was popular until the 18th century.

- Library: With a well-conserved panelled ceiling. Contains hymn books and liturgical books. About to be opened to the public.

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Movable Heritage: The pieces of movable heritage presented below are often by anonymous authors; however, we consider them to be important because they reflect the customs and iconography of the convent and its history.

The Church:

- Virgin of Guadalupe, situated in the alcove above the manifester of the main altarpiece. - Ronde-bosse sculptures of Saint Paschal Baylon and Saint Peter of Alcantara that flank the San José altarpiece in the church’s nave of the faithful, created by José de Mora. - Bust of Our Lady of Sorrows by José de Mora, flanking the altarpiece of the Immaculate Virgin in the nave of the faithful, forming a pair with the Bust of Ecce Homo by the same author. - On display in ebony alcoves with marble and fine Venetian glass inlay, very possibly designed by José de Mora. - Painting of Our Lady of Bethlehem in the genre of “Virgins of Tenderness”. - 15 half-length portraits of male and female Franciscan saints distributed along the nave of the faithful and attributed to Pedro Atanasio Bocanegra. - St Francis of Assisi with the imprint of the stigmata: polychrome carving by Pedro de Mena. Important work using the estofado technique. Comprised of two pieces: Saint Francis and a small carving of Christ in the shape of a seraph. With rings in the laterals to allow it to be moved.

Cloister:

- Large-size crosses situated in the upper gallery of the cloister next to the door of the Regina dormitory. They are carried as penance at Easter, in a procession within the convent.

Refectory and kitchen:

- Set of dishes in Fajaluza ceramic, on display in the old refectory. - Kitchen utensils in copper and brass displayed in the old kitchen. - Group of bowls in Fajaluza ceramic, with green decorations on a white background. Another group of bowls with the name of the religious with whom they came to the monastery or of the person to whom they belonged in the past, both displayed in the old kitchen. - Collection of mortars in different sizes. - Low sewing chairs.

Lower Choir:

- Maundy Thursday Urn: a wooden reliquary designed as an allegory of the Holy Sepulchre and featuring interesting Baroque carving. The front comprises two small curtains of gold-embroidered fabric on a white background. - Image of the Prelate Virgin in the lower choir. - Sculpture of Saint Joachim with his daughter, the child virgin, situated in a niche in the lower choir. National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 93 of 126

- Holy Family: a variant comprised of Saint Anne, the Virgin and Child, situated in the niche in the centre of the headwall across from the entrance door to the choir. - Oil on canvas of God’s punishment of the Israelites for having rebelled against Him and against Moses by taking them out of Egypt. By an anonymous author. 18th century. - 16th-century Stations of the Cross situated above the grille that leads to the church, of which the figures of Saint John and Mary are especially outstanding. - Paintings of Saint Francis, Saint Clare, Ecce Homo and the Sacred Heart. - Sculpture of Saint Joachim with the Child Virgin, an unusual representation situated in a niche. - Sculpture of Saint Anthony of Padua with the Child Jesus: Baroque. - Sculpture of Saint Dominic de Guzmán, with a book and cross and accompanied by a dog.

Staircase:

- Crucifix situated in the staircase: 16th-century, with influence from the American school. - Sculptures by anonymous authors reflecting the religious imagery of the Andalusian Baroque: - of Our Lady of the Rosary, with the Child and adorned with a necklace and earrings - of Our Lady of Sorrows, from the Granada school, with several glass tears running down her cheeks - of The King of Hearts situated in niches in the stairwell walls, with large eyes and false eyelashes.

Higher Choir:

- Lectern, in the centre of the room, containing a niche in the top part holding a reliquary. - Sculpture of the Prelate Virgin, almost life-size, with the child on her lap and three angel heads at her feet. All of them on a wooden pedestal with three steps. Attributed to the circle of Pedro de Mora, it was repainted at a later date. - Lady of the Sorrows, also processional, dressed in rich black natural fabric garments that had belonged to another Franciscan convent. - Christ of the Steps: a processional Nazarene Christ from Saint Anthony of Padua, with natural hair. Situated in the higher choir. - Various sculptures in niches in the walls of the higher choir: Saint Francis, Our Lady of the Sorrows, the Child of Hope. - Virgin with child in Italian 16th-century high relief, in alabaster with gilt details. Situated above the wall of the choir that opens on to the church nave. - Sculpture of Saint Francis: inside an urn inserted in the wall, on a wallpapered background with flowers and classic motifs. The shape of the brow and eyebrows are characteristic of the art of José de Mora. - Sculpture of the Archangel Michael: Across the door from the entrance to the choir. Especially remarkable is the flaring skirt, which gives the figure a graceful, dynamic impression. - Carving of Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, inside another urn National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 94 of 126

inserted in the wall and also with a background of painted flowers.

Regina Dormitory:

- Collection of figures of Children in the Regina dormitory, noteworthy among them being: - Good Shepherd Child Jesus. Baroque. Accompanied by several sheep. - The Child of the Thorn: surrounded by fruits and flowers and above a grotto made from small-sized seashells, inside which are several personages. - Wooden chest with the richly embroidered trousseau of the Child Jesus. - Centrepieces and crowns made from flowers in natural silk from silk worms grown inside the convent. - Painting of the Crowned Virgin: canvas showing the crowned Virgin nursing the child and surrounded by two saints: Saint Catherine and Saint Barbara. Dating from the early 16th century, displaying Flemish influence. Possible donation by the Catholic Monarch Isabella.

Documentary and Bibliographic Heritage: the Library contains scrolls and hymn books and liturgical books.

Intangible Heritage: Cookery recipes: muffins, marzipans - Baking of the sacred host. - Hymns. - Rules of the Clares, fairly well conserved thanks to the low level of acculturation. - Transfer of the Maundy Thursday Urn situated in the lower choir to the manifester of the Higher Choir during the day that gives it its name, to mount the Monument to the Holy Sacrament and where, after the mass, the sacred hosts are kept that will be consumed on Good Friday. - Procession inside the convent during Easter with the crosses hanging in the upper gallery of the main courtyard. - Stage plays for the community as a form of entertainment. - Music to accompany devotions. Architects: Names of the most Enrique de Egas: associated with the door of the church façade. significant artists 16th century. associated with the complex Sculptors: - Martín de Aranda (sculptures of Saint John, the Virgin and the Eternal Father, from the central body of the Main Altarpiece). - According to Gómez-Moreno Gonzalez, Pablo de Rojas created the sculptures of Saint Francis and Saint Clare in the Main Altarpiece. - José de Mora: - In the nave of the faithful of the church: ronde-bosse sculptures of Saint Paschal Baylon and Saint Peter of Alcantara, in the San José altarpiece; - Pair of busts of Our Lady of the Sorrows and Ecce Homo, and the niches in which they are displayed. They flank the San José altarpiece. - Saint Francis, situated in an urn inserted in one of the walls of National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 95 of 126

the higher choir. - Alonso Cano: the small carving of the Immaculate Virgin comes from his circle. It is situated in the altarpiece dedicated to this virgin, in the left-hand lateral of the church. - Pedro de Mena: carving of Saint Francis of Assisi with the imprint of the stigmata. In the church nave.

Painters: - Pedro de la Calle: painting on canvas of the Chapel of Don Pedro de la Calle, in the church nave. - José Risueño: painting on wood, of the two leaves that form the window of the communion rail situated at the feet of the nave of the faithful leading to the lower choir. - Pedro Atanasio Bocanegra: 15 half-length pictures of male and female Franciscan saints distributed along the nave of the faithful. Gold- and Silversmiths: Others 9. CULTURAL APPRAISAL

Archaeological High: Heritage: Medium: Low: X High: X Immovable Heritage: Medium: Low: High: X Cultural Movable Heritage: Medium: Appraisal: Low: Documentary and High: Bibliographic Medium: X Heritage: Low: High: X Intangible Heritage: Medium: Low: High: X Landscape context: Medium: Low: Landscape appraisal High: of the ruin: Medium: Low: X

Observations on cultural appraisal:

10. STATE OF CONSERVATION

Acceptable: Archaeological Regular: Heritage: Poor: Critical: Acceptable: Immovable Heritage: Regular: X Poor: Critical: Acceptable: National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 96 of 126

State of Movable Heritage: Regular: X conservation Poor: Critical: Documentary and Acceptable: Bibliographical Regular: X Heritage: Poor: Critical: Fragility of Intangible High: X Heritage: Low: Fragility of Landscape High: Heritage: Low: X

In need of urgent work: Yes: X No: Observations on conservation: An agreement was reached in 2008 between the religious community and the Fundación Caja Madrid foundation to undertake restoration works on the presbytery: architectural elements, pictorial compositions and altarpiece. The religious community will contribute 20 per cent of the amount. It is scheduled for completion in 2012. Besides this, urgent work needs to be carried out on: - The original baroque organ - Certain ritual and liturgical fabrics. - Documentary and bibliographic heritage. - Documenting of intangible heritage. 11. RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION: Has Master Plan in Yes: place: No: X Monographic Yes: X works: No: Description of monographic works: Research works: Yes: No: Description of research works: Bibliographic Yes: information: No: Description of bibliography: Tourist Yes: information: No: Description of tourist information: Planimetric and Yes: photographic information: No: Description of graphic information: Cultural itineraries and Yes: networks: No: Description of itineraries: Observations on research and dissemination:

12. DOCUMENTALISTS’ DATA: Date analysis was conducted: Names of documentalists:

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APPENDIX IV STANDARD CONTENT OF THE MASTER AND DOCUMENTATION PLAN FOR ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS

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OBJECTIVES.-

The Master and Documentation Plan should be the guiding tool for the appropriate conservation, restoration and sustainable development of the monument under study. In in this case we should emphasise the unique characteristics of the monuments grouped under the denomination of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. With them, it should always be borne in mind that one of the most important heritage values to be conserved is the life of the monastic community itself. This is why the drafting of the Plan is viewed as an interdisciplinary study to provide in-depth knowledge of each monastery’s reality and the uses given to the different spaces used in community life.

Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents contain an ensemble of assets reflecting specific forms of community life lived according to the charisma of the different “rules”, which must form the core of the work to be performed:

· Specific architectural models located in a concrete environment according to the different religious orders (Benedictine, Cistercian, Carthusian, Mendicant, etc) establishing certain spaces consistent with the needs of “regulated life” (church, chapter, choir, refectory, dormitory, etc), or specific spaces for quotidian working life (buttery, kitchen, scriptorium, warming room, library, reredorter, etc). These spaces are invariably articulated around a cloister as the fundamental lynchpin. Another series of spaces, formerly intended for the “converts”, duplicating both the liturgical and quotidian spatial and service elements, are integrated into the planimetric layout of the monastery without a point of intersection that, as a specific invariant of monasticism, create a standard planimetric model. Another type of structure is derived from the reuse for monastic life of existing civil buildings.

· Intangible heritage comprised of the suite of spiritual and liturgical experiences lived in an atmosphere of silence, divided into annual cycles (Advent, Christmas, Lent, Passion Week, Easter, the Resurrection, Whitsun and Ordinary Time) and daily cycles: Liturgy of the Hours (Matins, Lauds, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers and Compline). Music and Chant as an accompaniment to liturgy, the source of a suite of scores and hymn books that, together with the collection of musical instruments, form part of the rich monastic culture. Added to this group is a body of specific knowledge and activities occurring in everyday monastic or convent life (culinary, craftwork, “manual labour”, confectionery, old pharmacopoeia prescriptions, elixirs, liquors and syrups, etc).

· A vast ensemble of movable assets associated with each liturgical use and function (choir stalls, lecterns, girandoles, altarpieces, liturgical robes and furnishings, imagery, paintings, liturgical furniture, gold- and silverwork, lay clergy, choir books, etc); with devotional life (cabinets, small devotional altars, reliquaries, mystical baskets, etc) and with everyday life (kitchen utensils, implements for craftwork, for farming and livestock breeding, druggist’s objects, etc), as well as the important cultural heritage conserved in their archives and libraries.

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As a living inheritance, this heritage contains profoundly human values in our society: creative silence, opening up to transcendence… that makes of its conservation a task not only of protection but also of creation and enrichment.

This suite of assets comprises a living historical heritage in which the constituent elements continue to serve the purposes for which they were originally created. They mainly maintain the initial invariants established by the different “Rules”, in a context of community life that conserves and transmits them to the next generations. Moreover, it also represents a series of sociological and ethnological values conserved through different rites, customs and habits throughout the history of monasticism.

In recent years, given the rapid evolution of life today, liturgical changes, the lack of vocation for consecrated life and the advanced age of the religious mean that this suite of heritage and historical values is more vulnerable. We are witnessing the closing down of some monasteries owing to a lack of people in their respective religious communities. In parallel, acculturation processes are occurring due to the arrival of religious from other foreign cultures who introduce new values and uses, representing a break in the transmission of the original traditional uses. Liturgical changes lead to the elimination of a series of elements (pulpits, grilles, ornaments, choir books, disciplines, etc) that place them in grave danger of deterioration or, in the worst cases, of disappearing.

Sensitive to this situation, the need arose for a Master Plan that, under the National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents, would provide the necessary instrumental means to protect and enhance an unknown heritage that is very important for today’s society.

Subsequent conservation and restoration interventions will perforce have to encompass not only the architectural and typological aspects of the buildings but also the values described above (movable heritage, intangible heritage, liturgical heritage, domestic and quotidian heritage, etc). It will require an exhaustive documentation and research task, not only in order to analyse and document this heritage but also as a study of the mechanisms needed to revitalise the ensembles and their viability. Emphasis will also be placed on raising awareness of this heritage in society as a whole and on searching for uses or activities compatible with the specificity and uniqueness of monastic life in each case, to allow this revitalisation to occur in perfect symbiosis with the respect due to the spirit of silence and withdrawal and with the sustained development of these ensembles, so that compensatory social benefits can be found for the investments made by the administrations. In this task, the help will be needed of the living community that inhabits these monasteries and convents, who will have to be heard and respected when expressing their needs.

Throughout the drafting of the Plan, and under the supervision of the technicians appointed by the IPCE, we may proceed to giving a more precise direction to the objectives and contents defined in principle.

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CONTENTS.-

The Master Plan should contain and develop the following aspects:

GENERAL DOCUMENT INDEX

GENERAL BLOCK

- General description of the monument in all its facets (immovable, movable and intangible) - General historical and chronological report - Report of previous interventions - Legal study of ownership, obligations, management system, privileges, legacies, foundations, etc.

IMMOVABLE HERITAGE BLOCK

- Architectural description of the building. - Compilation and cataloguing of graphic, archaeological, bibliographic documentation, archive documentation, existing studies, etc. - Land-planning location of the building and its setting. - State of conservation (of the monument and setting). - Diagnosis. - Financially-appraised intervention proposals.

MOVABLE HERITAGE BLOCK

- General description of the movable heritage associated with the monument and the religious community that inhabits it. - Compilation and cataloguing of graphic, archaeological, bibliographic documentation, archive documentation, existing studies, etc. - Inventory of the movable heritage included in data sheets, with photographic, historical, descriptive information, state of conservation, diagnosis and financially-appraised intervention proposals.

DOCUMENTARY AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC HERITAGE BLOCK

- General description of the documentary and bibliographic heritage associated with the monument and the religious community that inhabits it. - Compilation and cataloguing of graphic, bibliographic, archive and other documentation. - Inventory of the documentary and bibliographic heritage contained in data sheets, with photographic, historical, descriptive information, state of National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 101 of 126

conservation, diagnosis and financially-appraised intervention proposals.

INTANGIBLE HERITAGE BLOCK

- General description of the intangible heritage associated with the building and the religious community that inhabits it.

- Compilation and cataloguing of graphic, bibliographic documentation, archive documentation, existing studies, documentation acquired through informants, etc.

- The following general aspects should be documented, expanded and specified according to the Plan’s development, in coordination with the IPCE technicians designated for this purpose:

A) Economic and technological activities

A.1.-Acquisition and production techniques and activities (harvesting, fishing, livestock breeding, farming) A.2.-Transformation/trade-related techniques and activities (processed foodstuffs, beverages and liquors, fabrics, embroidery, etc) A.3.-Consumption techniques and activities (diets, food cycles, food preparation, etc)

B) Social dimension

B.1.-Acculturation phenomena (religious from other countries) B.2.-Internal organisation (hierarchies). Transition rites from one hierarchy to others B.3.-Regulations, values and rules of conduct in the community B.4.-Limits and privacy spaces within communal life and outside it B.5.-Communication channels and access sequences (internet, radio, television, which programmes) B.6.-Institutions, social and outreach solidarity services

C) Ritual practices, activities and registering time cycles

C.1.-Relative to the lifecycle C.2.-Relative to states within the Order C.3.-Annual liturgical cycle C.4.-Daily liturgical cycle (hours) C.5.-Working cycles (annual and daily)

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D) Private devotions and those involving the Order

D.1.-Devotional objects D.2.- Spaces associated with worship D.3.- Instrumental practices (decoration, offerings, rogations, vows, pilgrimages, etc)

E) Music, literature, oral tradition and scenographies (analysis of contexts)

CULTURAL LANDSCAPE BLOCK - The Monastery and its landscape context · Natural factors that condition the landscape. Biophysical matrix · Cultural factors, anthropic structures · Perception of the landscape · Characterisation - Landscape dynamic and evolution forecasts - Diagnosis and intervention proposals

- PREVENTIVE CONSERVATION PLAN

Risk Identification and Assessment will be performed and a specific plan for the ensemble’s preventive conservation will be drafted.

INTERVENTIONS PLAN

· For immovable heritage. (Drafting of intervention proposals for consolidating and restoring the building, organised into financially-appraised and prioritised stages. Indication of the need for studies or analyses prior to intervention and of the possibility and/or advisability of conducting archaeological and wall face archaeological research, independent as well as linked to each intervention scheduled for the building).

· For movable heritage. (Drafting of intervention proposals for consolidating and restoring movable assets, organised into financially-appraised and prioritised stages. Indication of the need for studies or analyses prior to intervention).

· For ethnographic heritage. (Drafting of proposals in the order of the preservation needs of this heritage. Establishing the need for specific studies outside the Plan and conservation tasks on ethnographic heritage, financially appraised and prioritised in stages).

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REGULAR MAINTENANCE PLAN

Drafting a plan with the necessary financially appraised activities and tasks for the building’s regular maintenance, with an indication of action procedures and the human and technical teams required for their execution.

ORGANISATIONAL PLAN FOR SERVICES AND COMPATIBLE USES

An organisational plan should be provided for activities to be undertaken on the monument (community life, liturgy, museum, archive, etc), consistent with a proposal for uses considered to be compatible and positive for the sustainable development of the monument and the community that inhabits it (organising tourist visits, partial hostelry uses, promoting working activities of the community if applicable, etc).

MANAGEMENT AND DISSEMINATION PLAN

A proposal of any measures deemed suitable for running, managing and divulging the monument’s activities, original uses and compatibilities. Equally, a proposal of monitoring mechanisms for the different plans and the possible lines of collaborations between public administrations and other entities.

PLANIMETRIC DOCUMENTATION

Current status:

- Location blueprints on different scales (regional, provincial, local, setting) - Ground/floor blueprints - Transversal and longitudinal sections - Elevations - Details of significant zones or elements - Blueprints of existing facilities - Blueprints with graphic indication of any pathologies observed

(Blueprints on the current state should contain general observations and a graphic and written expression of the state of the building’s lesions and updated pathology).

Proposals:

Blueprints relative to the different plans

- Intervention - Services and Compatible Uses - Conservation and Maintenance - Management and Dissemination

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(The blueprints of proposals should contain general observations and a graphic and written expression of the different proposals for the building)

PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION

- General descriptive report on the monument - Detailed descriptive report on existing pathology - Reports associated with the inventory documents of movable assets and ethnography

AUDIO DOCUMENTATION

Relative to the ethnographic study

OTHER DOCUMENTATION

Depending on the type of values to be documented and treated, the need should be considered of including other kinds of documentary mediums (video, etc).

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APPENDIX V DATA SHEETS ON MOVABLE ASSETS AND BOOKS AND DOCUMENTS

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Convent Inventory No. TILING - CERAMIC IDENTIFICATION Asset No.

Typology (Flat/round-shaped /mould, others) Site / Location (Wall, floor, furniture) Dating (date, era) Authorship/Atelier Style

Theme/Iconography Dimensions Height Width Metres²: Size per unit Height Length Width No. of pieces TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Blueprint of location in convent Architectural medium (Material, construction systems) Photograph of asset Base Structure and stratigraphy of the asset Historic interventions of interest

Marks / signatures Other observations:

RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting (damp) Risk-free environment: Humidity, sources of heat Hostile: filtrations, run-offs. Interior / exterior Precipitations

Structural stability-base No damage Slight deformations, cracks Detachment, stripping, warping

Bio-deterioration No attack or old attack Suspected colonisation Proven active attack

Enamel / bisque. No damage Pulverulence, occasional micro- Widespread lifting, extensive exfoliations, small gaps losses General gaps/lifting Presence of salts Absence Slight whitish films Whitish veils, sub- and alterations efflorescence, exfoliation, breakup Deposits foreign to the No alterations Dust, black smoke, dirt, repaintings Excrement, debris, reactive work products Others (Vandalism) High level of protection Lifting Observations:

LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions in the structural None Repairs and actions on the building. Pre-consolidation and temporary location Elimination of damp fastening of cracked areas or those in danger of falling. Extraction. Lifting Treatment of the base None Sporadic consolidation of the structural Consolidation and fastening of serious base separations. Lifting Biocidal treatment Monitoring Sporadic treatment Urgent treatment Fixing of enamels /bisque None Sporadic fastening Urgent full fastening owing to loss. Lifting Surface cleaning None Dust Cleaning of reactive foreign substances Extraction of soluble salts None Extraction with pulp, to be performed by reactivasTreatment through immersion qualified personnel Consolidation on a new Lifting Consolidation on new self-supporting base Reinstallation base (self-supporting) Other alterations Observations: (Determine whether treatment is in situ or in the lab)

Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. MURAL DECORATION

IDENTIFICATION Asset No. Typology (mural painting, plaster, stucco, sgraffito) Site/Location

Dating (date, era, artistic movement) Authorship/Atelier Style Theme/Iconography Dimensions Height Width Metres²:

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Blueprint of location in convent Architectural base (Material, construction systems) Photograph of asset Coating layers (Material, thickness, technique) Pictorial layer (technique, polychromy, gilt) Historic interventions of interest: Marks / signatures Other observations:

RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Risk-free environment Sporadic damp problems Hostile: serious damp problems (filtrations, runoffs, ascending), Setting - building unsuitable ventilation and lighting (microclimate)

Structural stability- No damage Slight deformations, cracks Detachment, loss, warping base Bio-deterioration No attack or old attack Suspected colonisation Proven active attack

Polychromy (gaps No damage Pulverulence, occasional micro- Widespread lifting, extensive loss General and lifting) exfoliations, small gaps alterations Presence of salts Absence Slight whitish films Whitish veils, sub- and efflorescence, exfoliation, breakup

Deposits foreign to the No alterations Dust, black smoke, dirt, repaintings Excrement, debris, reactive work products Others Observations

LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the setting- None Sporadic maintenance actions on the Overall review of the setting: roofs, building building drainage, piping, join grouts, openings, locks, ventilation Consolidation of base None Sporadic consolidation Consolidation and fastening of very serious separations Biocidal treatment Monitoring Sporadic treatment Urgent treatment Fixing of polychromy None Pre-consolidation and sporadic-temporary Urgent full fastening owing to important loss fastening of cracked areas or in danger of falling Cleaning None Dust Cleaning of reactive foreign substances Others Observations

Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. SCULPTURE - IMAGERY IDENTIFICATION Asset No.

Denomination Site Dating Author/Atelier Style

Dimensions Ht. Width Depth

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Materials Blueprint of location in convent Photograph of asset Type of base, construction systems Polychromy, techniques Applications (fabrics, jewels, glass eyes) Marks / signatures Observations

RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting - location Risk-free environment Damp and insects, sources of heat, Hostile: direct filtration, fire etc. risk, etc.

Structural stability- No damage Slight deformations, cracks Detachment, serious loss base Bio-deterioration – No attack or old attack Suspected active attack Proven active attack woodworm Polychromy No damage Sporadic lifting Widespread lifting, fragility preventing manipulation General lifting alterations Deposits foreign to the No alterations Dust, smoke, general dirt, Excrement, debris, reactive work repaintings products, etc. Use Is not moved from its Regular use in ceremonies within Regular removal from its site the building (change of robes, setting (processions, adornment, candles, etc) exhibitions, etc) Others Observations

NECESSARY LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the site None Repairs and actions on the site Removal from location owing to serious risk

Consolidation of base None Sporadic consolidation (props, plinths, Consolidation and fastening of serious fastenings) separations and breaks (bonding, consolidation with resins; structural grafts, etc) Disinfection- Monitoring Sporadic treatment Urgent treatment disinsectisation Fastening of polychromy None Sporadic fastening Full urgent fastening owing to risk of widespread loss Cleaning None Simple dusting under the supervision of Complex cleaning performed by qualified qualified personnel personnel Other alterations Observations

Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. STONE MATERIALS IDENTIFICATION Asset No.

Denomination Site Dating Author

Style Dimensions Ht. Width Depth

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Materials Blueprint of location in convent Type of base, construction systems, execution techniques Photograph of asset

Polychromy, techniques Other materials Marks / signatures Observations

RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Risk-free environment Adverse environmental conditions in Adverse environmental the setting (damp, temperature, light, conditions that lead to active Setting - location wind), location, orientation deterioration processes (water filtrations, overheating, high temp.) Base structure No damage Deformations, fissures, cracks, blisters, Detachment, loss, patching discohesion, patch detachment, crumbling Bio-deterioration, No attack or old attack Traces Proven active attack infestation General Decorations, Facing No damage Sporadic lifting Widespread lifting, detachment, loss alterations Accumulations No alterations Deposits, stains, repaintings, old Crusts, efflorescence, foreign to the piece interventions crystallisation, cement mortar, altered materials (fastening, adhesion, finish) Use No risk Moderate risk High risk Others Observations

LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the setting None Preventive (environmental monitoring) Direct and urgent (stabilisation of environmental conditions, protections, barriers) Actions on None Preventive (structural monitoring) Direct and urgent (on roofs, foundations, structure/base sutures, replacements, consolidation) Bio-deterioration, infestation Control Treatment Urgent treatment Decorations, Facing Not necessary Sporadic fastening Full and urgent fastening owing to loss

Cleaning Not necessary Surface deposits Crusts, old interventions, repaintings Other alterations Observations

Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. ARTISTIC METALS IDENTIFICATION Asset No.

Typology Site / Location Dating (date, era) Authorship/Atelier

Style Theme/Iconography Dimensions Height Width Metres TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Materials (primary material, secondary material) Blueprint of location in convent Gilt-Polychromy Photograph of asset Enamels Applications Construction system (number of pieces, bonding system between them, support system, wall-fastening system) Historic interventions of interest: Marks / signatures Observations RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting - Medium Risk-free Damp in the setting. Possible Filtrations, runoffs, etc (damp) environment presence of polluting agents in nearby setting (glass cases, cupboards) Setting (pollutants) Risk-free Possible presence of polluting agents Signs of alteration due to presence of environment in nearby setting (glass cases, pollutants in environment or through cupboards, covers) contact Corrosion Corrosion-free or Localised presence of corrosion in Presence of active widespread stabilised welding or contact between different corrosion affecting the piece’s corrosion materials stability Gilt-polychromy Noestabilizada damage or Sporadic and/or superficial Serious and widespread wear due to deterioration: adhered dirt, rusted deterioration: extensive loss, cleaning protective layers, remains of cleaning presence of salts products General Enamels No damage or Presence of devitrification, alteration Detachment of elements, fissures, alterations surface dirt due to salts fragmentation

No alterations or Movement in the mount. Alteration Separation from mount. general dirt inherent to the material Incompatibility of material with the Applications metal (in case of corroding acid migrations) Construction Stable, balanced Movement between pieces that Risk of detachment or fall of elements system piece with all its comprise it or between the piece and or detachment of the piece from the elements fixed in the building. Construction system building place damaging to the piece Observations LEVELS OF NECESSARY INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the site Not necessary Repairs and actions on the building Removal of the piece

Actions on the display Not necessary Repairs and adaptations on the Change of furniture (glass cases, cupboards, covers) and storage system furniture

Mechanical fastenings Not necessary Sporadic fastenings without dismantling Important treatment: Dismantling of piece and separation of elements Anti-corrosion Not necessary Simple surface cleaning treatment and Treatment of active and deforming corrosion layers treatment (stabilised protective layers (e.g. silverwork) through mechanical means and chemical & complex patinas) treatments (e.g. archaeological metals, grilles with active corrosion, etc) Other alterations Observations Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. FURNITURE IDENTIFICATION Asset No.

Typology - denomination Site Dating Author/Atelier

Style Dimensions Height Width Depth No. of elements in ensembles or collections Transformations TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Blueprint of location in convent Materials Photograph of asset Structure, construction systems Decorative techniques Polychromy, tints, varnishes and finishes Marks / signatures Observations

RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting - location Risk-free environment Damp and insects, heat sources, etc in Hostile: direct filtrations, fire the setting risk, etc.

Structure No damage Deformations, cracks Dismantling, breakage, loss

Bio-deterioration, No attack or old attack Suspected Proven active attack woodworm Decorative techniques No damage Cracks, erosion Deformations, breakage, loss General No damage Sporadic lifting Widespread lifting, loss alterations Polychromy Accumulations No alterations Dust, general dirt, repaintings Excrement, debris, reactive foreign to the piece products, etc. Use In disuse Everyday use Abandonment - ruin Others Observations

LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the site None Repairs and actions on the site Transfer and removal from location due to serious risk Structural None Adaptation of the structural system Joining of pieces, bonding, consolidation consolidation (fastenings) with resins; structural grafting, etc. Hinges, fittings, None Fixing of the systems Breakage, risk of loss fasteners Disinfection- Monitoring Preventive treatment Urgent treatment disinsectisation Treatment of None Repairs, sporadic fastenings Urgent repairs and fastenings decorations Fixing of polychromy None Sporadic fastening Urgent full fastening due to loss Cleaning None Dust Clean-up of foreign substances Other alterations Observations

Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. PAINTINGS IDENTIFICATION

Asset No. Denomination/Title Site Dating

Author/Atelier Style Dimensions Height Width Frame : Measurements

Material TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Blueprint of location in convent Materials Photograph of asset Base Pictorial film Preparation Marks / signatures Observations

RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting - location Risk-free environment Damp and insects, heat sources, Hostile: direct filtrations, fire etc. in the setting risk, etc.

Base structure No damage Deformations, breakage Detachment, tearing, burns, loss

Bio-deterioration – No attack or old attack Suspected Proven active attack woodworm / fungus Pictorial film - lifting No damage Sporadic lifting Widespread lifting, loss General alterations Deposits foreign to the No alterations Dust, general dirt, repaintings Excrement, debris, reactive work products, etc. Use Not removed from its Use in ceremonies (candles, etc) Is regularly taken out of its location environment (processions, exhibitions, etc) Others Observations

LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the site None Repairs and actions on the site Removal from location due to serious risk

Consolidation of base None Sporadic reinforcement of base Consolidation of the backing Disinfection- Monitoring Treatment Urgent treatment disinsectisation Fixings of pictorial film None Sporadic fastening Urgent full fastening due to loss

Cleaning None Dust Clean-up of foreign substances Other alterations Observations

Bibliography: Date: Signature: National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 113 of 126

Convent Inventory No. ALTARPIECES - ORGANS IDENTIFICATION

Asset No. Typology (Main, lateral altarpiece / Main organ, etc) Denomination Site Dating

Author/Atelier Style Dimensions Height Width Depth TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Blueprint of location in convent Photograph of asset Materials Structure / Case, construction systems Instrumental part (organs) Decorative techniques Sculptures / Paintings Polychromy Marks / signatures Observations RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting - location Risk-free environment Damp and insects, heat sources, Hostile: direct filtrations, fire etc. in the setting risk, etc.

Structure / case No damage Slight deformations, clearance, Dismantling, breakage, loss cracks, imbalances

Bio-deterioration No attack or old attack Suspected attack Proven active attack woodworm Instrumental part No damage, in use Not in use, presence of accumulated Impossible to use due to (organs) dust. Can function after small repairs serious alteration, risk of machinery replacement due to functionality General Polychromy (lifting) No damage Sporadic lifting Widespread lifting. Fragility alterations preventing manipulation Accumulations No alterations Dust, smoke, general dirt, Excrement, debris, reactive foreign to the piece repaintings products, etc. Use Not used Regular use in ceremonies Abandonment - ruin (presence of flowers, candles) Others Observations

NECESSARY LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the site None Repairs and actions on the site Protection, removal from site due to serious risk None. Vigilance Consolidation and sporadic fastenings. Requires dismantling, comprehensive and maintenance Clean-up of accumulations on back treatment with prior project. Structural treatment Consolidation, fastening of separations and serious breakage (bonding, consolidation with resins; structural grafting, etc) Instrumental part None Minor repairs Requires review by organ specialist for (organs) evaluation Disinfection- Monitoring and Preventive treatment Urgent treatment disinsectisation routine cleaning Fixing of polychromy None Sporadic fastening Urgent full fastening due to risk of widespread loss Cleaning None Simple dusting under supervision of Complex cleaning performed by qualified qualified personnel personnel Other alterations Observations Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. WOODEN ROOFS IDENTIFICATION Asset No.

Typology - denomination Site Dating Author/Atelier Style

Dimensions Height Width Depth Change of location TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Materials Blueprint of location in convent Photograph of asset Structure, construction systems Decorative techniques Polychromy Marks / signatures Observations

RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting - location Risk-free environment Damp and insects in the setting, Hostile: roof filtrations, fire cracks in walls risk, etc. Structure No damage Slight deformations, cracks, loss Structural fault, breakage, serious loss Bio-deterioration No attack or old attack Suspected attack Proven active attack, embedding has rotted woodworm Decorative techniques No damage Cracks, erosion, loss Deformations, breakage, General serious detachment No damage Sporadic lifting Widespread lifting, loss alterations Polychromy Deposits foreign to the No alterations Dust, general dirt, repaintings Excrement, debris, reactive work products, etc. Functionality In use In use but concealed Abandonment - ruin Others Observations

LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions (roof and None Repairs and sporadic actions Action on roof and walls due to serious risk walls) Structural None Sporadic actions, consolidation with resins, Correction-consolidation of structural consolidation bonding elements (beams, embedding, etc) Disinfection- Monitoring Treatment Urgent treatment disinsectisation Treatment of None Repairs, sporadic fastenings Urgent repairs and fastenings due to decorations detachment Fastenings of polychromy None Sporadic fastening Urgent full fastening due to loss Cleaning None Dust Debris, clean-up of foreign reactive substances Other alterations Observations

Bibliography: Date: Signature: National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 115 of 126

Convent Inventory No. TEXTILES IDENTIFICATION Asset No.

Denomination Site Dating Author/Atelier/Geographic location Style

In clothing indicate: Dimensions (in irregular Ht. Width -Collar to hem pieces indicate maximum height and width) -Shoulder width -Sleeve width and length TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Blueprint of location in convent Photograph of asset Materials Linings, hanging systems Decorative techniques Presence of other materials Marks / signatures Observations

RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting - location Risk-free Humidity and temperature in extreme Hostile: direct filtrations, direct source of environment margins or with constant changes. Direct heat, fire risk, risk of vandalism or theft natural or artificial light on the piece. Open display Structure, Base, No damage Stacked pieces Hanging system broken or semi-loose. lining, hanging system Wrinkles or deformation Tears produced by tension. Tensions produced by hanging Wrinkles that have generated tears in the fabric Bio-deterioration – No attack or Suspected Proven active attack woodworm old attack Fabric, seams, No damage Partially torn seams. Slightly detached Large torn seams. Greatly detached General decorations decorations. Small tears in fabric decorations. Large tears in fabric. Gaps. alterations Colour discoloration. Deposits foreign to the No alterations Dust, general dirt. Stains. Other materials Excrement, debris, adhesives, reactive work in direct contact products (mothballs, etc) Use Not removed Sporadic use Regular use and removal from its setting from its (processions, exhibitions,) location Others Observations LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the site None Repairs and actions on the site. Protection of the pieces Removal from location due to serious risk

Consolidation of None Adapting of support system (lining, Velcro, mannequin, Consolidation. Making an appropriate support backing or clothes hanger, roller, case, etc.) Wrinkle removal by qualified personnel. hanging system Arrangement of stacking Disinfection- Monitoring Treatment Urgent treatment disinsectisation Consolidation of fabric Monitoring Sporadic fastening Urgent full consolidation. Insulation from the or decorations light Cleaning Monitoring Mechanical cleaning by qualified personnel. Protection. Mechanical cleaning, aqueous or with solvents, by qualified personnel. Fitting out of new location Other alterations Observations When pieces are in use, monitor them and remove from use when level 2 or 3 deterioration is observed Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. BOOKS IDENTIFICATION Asset No.

Title Topographic Register Dating Author/Editor/Place edited Dimensions Height Width Thickness

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Main materials: Covers/Body of the book Photograph of asset Ancillary materials: Metallic elements (corner protections, locks, etc), other materials

Manuscript / printed: Marks / signatures Observations RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting – location Risk-free Humidity and temperature in extreme Hostile: direct filtrations, direct source of environment margins or with constant changes. Direct heat, fire risk, risk of vandalism or theft natural or artificial light on the piece. Open display Direct protection Case / Casket Wrapping in any non-specific material No protection whatsoever

Traces of damp No traces Old, now dry traces (stains) Manifest damp General Bio-deterioration No attack or Traces of attack Proven active attack alterations (fungus – bibliophage old attack insects) Internal/external use No use Occasional use Regular use and removal from its setting whatsoever (loans, exhibitions, etc) Others BODY OF THE BOOK Physical damage No physical Some insignificant physical damage that Its use represents a risk to its integrity damage does not prevent its use (cuts, tears, loss)

Dirt in cuts / leaves No dirt Presence of insignificant dirt Dirt prevents reading its information

Deteriorated seam No deterioration Loose seams Broken seams with separated leaves Specific Loose/lost leaves No alteration Loose leaves but inserted in the book Lost leaves alterations COVERS Physical damage No physical Some insignificant physical damage that Use represents a risk to its integrity (scratches, tears, loss) damage does not prevent its use Detached covers No alteration Loose covers but still protecting the body of Lost covers the book Other alterations: Observations LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the site None Repairs and actions on site Removal from location due to serious risk

Direct protection actions None Simple protective wrapping Making of specific cases Sporadic consolidation None Unimportant repairs with suitable materials More complex treatments in restoration labs of leaves / covers. Disinfection- Monitoring Preventive treatment Urgent treatment disinsectisation Cleaning Monitoring Mechanical cleaning by qualified personnel Mechanical cleaning, aqueous or with solvents, by qualified personnel. Fitting out of new location

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Observations When pieces are in use, monitor them and remove from use when level 2 or 3 deterioration is observed Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. DOCUMENTS IDENTIFICATION

Asset No. Title Topographic Register Dating Extreme dates

Author Dimensions Height Width TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Dossier / Separate document:

Parchment, paper, etc. Main medium: Photograph of asset Ancillary materials: Wax or lead seals, adhesive policies or seals, metallic (staples – clips) or fabric fastening elements (red ribbon – string), etc.

Manuscript / printed: Marks / signatures Observations

RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting – location Risk-free Humidity and temperature in extreme Hostile: direct filtrations, direct source of environment margins or with constant changes. Direct heat, fire risk, risk of vandalism or theft natural or artificial light on the piece. Open display Direct protection Folder / Case / Wrapped in any non-specific material No protection whatsoever Casket Traces of damp No trace Old, now dry traces (stains) Manifest damp Bio-deterioration (fungus No attack or Traces of attack Proven active attack – bibliophage insects) old attack Physical damage No physical Some insignificant physical damage that Use represents a risk to its integrity (cuts, tears, loss) damage does not prevent its use General alterations Dirt in cuts / leaves No dirt Presence of insignificant dirt Dirt prevents reading its information

Acidity of medium No acidity General yellowing Extreme fragility with risk of fracture Metal-acid inks Not present Do not significantly affect the medium Perforation of the medium with risk of loss Internal/external use No use Occasional use Regular use and removal from its setting whatsoever (loans, exhibitions, etc) Others Other alterations: Observations LEVEL OF INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the site None Repairs and actions on the site. Removal from the site due to serious risk

Direct protection actions None Simple protective wrapping Making of specific cases

Sporadic consolidation None Unimportant repairs with suitable materials More complex treatments in restoration labs of the base Disinfection- Monitoring Preventive treatment Urgent treatment disinsectisation Cleaning Monitoring Mechanical cleaning by qualified personnel Mechanical cleaning, aqueous or with solvents, by qualified personnel. Fitting out of new location Observations When pieces are in use, monitor them and remove from use when level 2 or 3 deterioration is observed Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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Convent Inventory No. GOLD- AND SILVERWORK

IDENTIFICATION Asset No.

Typology Site / Location

Dating (date, era) Authorship/Atelier

Style Theme/Iconography

In use YES NO Blueprint of location in convent Dimensions Height Width Metres Weight Photograph of asset TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Materials (primary material, secondary material) Gilt-Polychromy Enamels Applications Construction and decorative techniques (number of pieces, joining system between them, support system, wall-fastening system) Historic interventions of interest: Marks / signatures Photography: Observations RISK ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 Setting - Medium Risk-free environment Damp in the setting. Possible Hostile: filtrations, runoffs, etc. presence of pollutants in (damp-pollutants) nearby surroundings (glass cases, cupboards)

Corrosion-free or Presence of localised corrosion in Presence of active and Corrosion stabilised corrosion welding or contact with other metals widespread corrosion that affects

the stability of the piece

No damage or wear Sporadic and/or surface Serious and widespread Gilt from cleaning deterioration: Adhered dirt, altered deterioration: extensive loss, protective layers, remains of presence of salts cleaning products

General General No surface damage or Presence of devitrification, alteration Detachment of elements, fissures,

alterations Enamels dirt due to salts fragmentation

No alterations or Movement in the mount or union. Separation of the mount or union. Added general dirt. Alteration inherent to the constituent Incompatibility of metal with the elements material material (corroding acid migrations) Construction Stable, balanced piece Movement between the parts that Risk of detachment or fall of with its elements fixed comprise it constituent elements system in place Observations LEVELS OF NECESSARY INTERVENTION 1 2 3 Actions on the site Not necessary Repairs and actions on the Removal of the piece building Actions on the display and Not necessary Repairs and actions on the Change of furniture (glass cases, cupboards, storage system furniture covers) Actions on structural and Not necessary Sporadic fastenings without Important treatment: Dismantling of the piece dismantling and separation of elements, intervention on the mechanical elements structure Not necessary Simple cleaning treatment of Treatment of active and deforming layers of Anti-corrosion treatment (stabilised patinas) surface and protective coating corrosion by mechanical and chemical & complex (e.g. gold- and silverwork) means Other alterations Observations Bibliography: Date: Signature:

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APPENDIX VI COPY OF THE COLLABORATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORT AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH ON THE NATIONAL PLAN FOR ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS

(25 March 2004)

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(SIGNED AGREEMENT)

COLLABORATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORT AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH ON THE NATIONAL PLAN FOR ABBEYS, MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS.

In Madrid, on 25 March 2004

BY AND BETWEEN

The Honourable Mrs Pilar del Castillo Vera, Minister of Education, Culture and Sport, on behalf and in representation of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, exercising the powers conferred on her by article 13, section 3 of Act 6/1997 of 14 April on Organisation and Functioning of the Central State Administration

AND

The Honourable and Reverend Mr Antonio Maria Rouco Varela, President of the Spanish Episcopal Conference, duly authorised by the Holy See

STATE

FIRST.- That the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport and the Spanish Catholic Church declare their common interest in the conservation of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents within the provisions of articles 16 and 46 of the Spanish Constitution and Article XV of the International Agreement between the Spanish State and the Holy See on Education and Cultural Affairs of 3 January 1979 (Official State Bulletin of 15 December).

SECOND.- That the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport recognises the primary function of worship and community life and the use for religious purposes of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. In turn, the Church reiterates its willingness that they should remain at the service of the Spanish people and to care for and use them in accordance with their historical and artistic value while always respecting their ultimate purpose, which is the cloistered religious life.

THIRD.- That the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, recognising the importance of a large number of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents as assets of special relevance within Spanish Historical Heritage and the cultural task of the Church in their creation and conservation, reaffirms its respect for the rights to ownership or use that the Spanish Catholic Church holds over said assets, in accordance with the corresponding legal titles as part of the Agreements between the Holy See and the Spanish State.

FOURTH.- That the Catholic Church, for its part, recognises the importance of these cultural assets not only for the religious life but also for Spanish history and culture, as well as the need to act jointly with the State in furthering their knowledge, conservation and protection.

FIFTH.- That a large number of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents are immovable assets of exceptional value and form part of Spanish Historical Heritage, that they must be conserved, maintained and guarded by their owners or, if appropriate, by the holders of the royal rights or by the possessors of said assets.

SIXTH- That, notwithstanding the obligation referred to in the above statement, the competent Public Administrations, by virtue of the provisions of articles 148.1., sections 15, 16 and 17, and 149.1.18 of the Spanish 1978 Constitution, implemented by its sectorial regulations, will be bound to undertake any action intended for the conservation of such assets in cases where the interest of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents may be assumed for each one of the stakeholders.

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Such actions shall be agreed with the Catholic Church under the International Agreement between the Spanish State and the Holy See on Education and Cultural Affairs signed in 1979.

For the aforementioned reasons, both parties agree to sign this Agreement according to the following

CLAUSES.

First: General principles

1- Any actions undertaken jointly by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport and the Spanish Catholic Church for the conservation of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents, without prejudice of the duty required of their incumbents and other public authorities, shall be subject to the provisions of this Agreement.

2- The Agreement shall have an indefinite duration and shall be reviewed every two years if so requested by one of the parties.

3- The Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents on which actions are undertaken under this Agreement shall boast the category of Asset of Cultural Interest (or other similar legal category). Actions may exceptionally be undertaken on assets with a different legal category enshrined in law whenever such assets require emergency works or works that cannot be delayed.

4- Any actions undertaken under this Collaboration Agreement shall be subject to the Spanish legal system and to the sharing out of competences established by the Constitution and the law in matters of historical heritage.

Second: Master and Action Plans

1- Both parties agree that, in order to execute the activities required for the conservation of such assets, Master Plans or Action Plans shall be previously drafted according to the characteristics of each building.

2- Depending on the complexity of the actions to be undertaken or of the monument itself, the corresponding Technical Monitoring Commission as defined in Clause Seven shall decide on the drafting of a Master Plan or an Action Plan.

The Master Plan or Action Plan shall be drafted by a multidisciplinary team.

For this purpose, it is understood that the contents of the Master Plans shall be those established in section four of this clause, whereas the Action Plans may have a less detailed implementation.

3- The Master Plan or Action Plan, once the pertinent legal procedures have been completed, shall require the approval of representatives of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, the Autonomous Community and the Catholic Church through the Technical Monitoring Commission, and the List of technical specifications determined by the scope of each one of the actions shall be drafted. If deemed appropriate, this Plan may be modified in accordance with previously-established procedure.

4- The aforementioned Master Plan shall include objectives relative to:

a- Technical description of the state of conservation of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents, which will include as many preliminary studies and analyses as may be required, including risk factors.

b- Proposal of actions to be undertaken for their conservation, study and dissemination and their approximate duration, while determining the partial phases or actions deemed necessary, pinpointing those that should be given priority. The programming of actions should span a period of between eight and ten years.

c- Total estimated budget for said actions and, if appropriate, for each one of the phases.

d- List of possible uses compatible with the cloistered life and the uniqueness of the asset.

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e- Monitoring of their application, including the drafting of an annual report.

5- The funding of the aforementioned Master Plans or Action Plans shall be agreed by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, the Autonomous Communities and the owner of the building in the terms established between all parties.

6- A copy of the document of the Master Plan or Action Plan shall be submitted to the Catholic Church.

Third: Execution and funding of the works

1- In line with clause Two, 1, the execution of the works required for the conservation of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents shall necessitate a Master Plan or Action Plan for such works to be drafted and approved beforehand.

The execution of emergency works or works that cannot be delayed and are necessary to prevent the destruction or serious deterioration of the asset, to repair damage caused by catastrophic events or to prevent situations that represent a serious danger to people or things shall be excluded from the provisions of the previous paragraph.

2- Any action derived from this Collaboration Agreement shall require the concurrence of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, the Autonomous Community, the Diocese and the corresponding representative of the Abbey, Monastery or Convent in question.

3- The funding of the works shall be agreed beforehand by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, the Autonomous Community and the owners or resident communities of the Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents.

The funding of the budget shall be made according to the percentages determined in each case, in keeping with the financial availabilities of the parties.

4- Nonetheless, before establishing the contributions from the aforementioned entities, as many procedures as are deemed appropriate shall be undertaken to allow any natural or legal person, whether public or private, that may be interested in collaborating in the conservation of the aforementioned buildings, to participate in the funding. To this end, dissemination activities shall be undertaken on the works about to be commenced, emphasising both the need for the collaboration of civil society in their funding in accordance with the provisions of Act 49/2002 of 23 December governing the tax arrangements of not- for-profit entities and of tax incentives for sponsorship, and the benefits provided for this purpose by state, Autonomous and local legislation.

The Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, with the purpose of stimulating this participation in the funding of the works, engages to propose to the Government, during the life of this Agreement, that the conservation works already started on Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents under this Agreement should be included in the Law Proposals for the General State Budget of each fiscal year as a priority sponsorship activity.

In turn, the Spanish Catholic Church, as owner of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents, and the State engage to apply for aid provided by the European Union for pilot projects involving the conservation of European architectural heritage.

5- In the event of donations or contributions being made to any of the aforementioned entities for the express purpose of restoring a specific Abbey, Monastery or Convent, the amount of the donation or contribution shall be included in the percentage that may correspond to each one of them.

Fourth: Appraisal and priority of actions

The selection of actions to be undertaken under this Agreement shall be made jointly by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, the corresponding Autonomous Community and the Catholic Church and shall be based on the following appraisal and priority criteria:

National Plan for Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents. Revision Page 124 of 126 a) Integral ensembles in both typological and architectural terms, as repositories of high artistic, liturgical, devotional or social values, with special emphasis on cases of particular fragility. b) Existence of a living religious community. c) Importance of the Historical Heritage it contains (movable and immovable, material and intangible). d) Conserving the integration of the monument in its setting. Priority shall be given to interventions on ensembles that maintain their integration in their original setting (whether a historic district or a natural or rural landscape). e) The setting should be delimited or foreseen by its Master Plan or Action Plan according to the relevant legislation. f) The ensembles should have the appropriate characteristics for introducing compatible uses that make their viability possible. They should contribute to bringing their heritage values to society. g) An emergency occurs or an action is required that admits of no delay.

Fifth: Inventorying of assets

The two parties signing this Agreement will draw up a catalogue of any movable assets that are or have been for abbey, monastery or convent use and are susceptible of being conserved and documented. Special attention shall be paid to documentary and bibliographic heritage.

An inventory shall also be drawn up of intangible heritage.

Sixth: Development Agreements

Should the competent Public Administrations deem it appropriate, agreements may be signed for the purpose of developing this Collaboration Agreement, with the participation of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, the Autonomous Communities and, if appropriate, the Catholic Church.

Multilateral agreements with public or private entities may also be signed.

Seventh: Monitoring and Evaluation Commissions

1- A Mixed, equally represented Commission shall be instituted, comprised of four representatives from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport and an equal number from the Episcopal Conference to conduct regular monitoring of compliance of this Agreement.

2- Each Autonomous Community shall create an equally represented Commission for monitoring any works being undertaken in its territory under this Agreement, of which the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, the Autonomous Community in question and the Catholic Church shall form part.

Eighth: Compatible uses

1- The Master Plans or Action Plans shall establish the list of any assets whose religious or community usage, consistent with the unique features of each place and community, are compatible with their cultural use and with the conservation, restoration and dissemination and best knowledge that such cultural use demands.

2- Additionally, the parties signing this Agreement engage to design formulas to allow the religious activities and those of the life of each community to be maintained, without lessening the ability to bring its heritage values to society in a way that does not impair the conservation of its artistic, liturgical and ethnological values.

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Ninth: Budgetary Provision

1- The Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport engages to incorporate loans for the funding of the commitments assumed under this Collaboration Agreement in the corresponding fiscal year in any annual expenditure proposals it formulates for the purposes of drawing up Draft Budget Laws.

2- Should the budgetary provision approved for each fiscal year not be sufficient to fund the commitments acquired, it will be proportionately reduced so that the total amount of the authorised loans is in no case exceeded. This shall be without prejudice that, while respecting this limitation, the transfers allowed by the legal provisions may be made in order to fund any actions to which priority should be given.

3- The Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport may allocate the funding of its actions to the Cultural One Per Cent.

Tenth: Cultural legacy of Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents

The Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport and the Catholic Church shall by common agreement seek to place at the service of the citizens all the elements of the cultural legacy contained in Abbeys, Monasteries and Convents, comprised both of architectural spaces where spiritual practices are conducted and of intangible heritage inherent to liturgical activities, the vast ensemble of movable assets that allow them to be conducted, the scores and choir books that accompany them, and a comprehensive suite of activities that are closely associated with monastic and convent life, in accordance with the manifestations of the Preamble and in application of article 13 of Act 16/1985 of 25 June on Spanish Historical Heritage, and provided the religious use and specificity of cloistered life is not diminished.

THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION, THE PRESIDENT OF THE SPANISH CULTURE AND SPORT EPISCOPAL CONFERENCE

signature (illegible) signature (illegible)

The Honourable Pilar del Castillo The Honourable and Reverend Antonio Vera María Rouco Varela

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