DOCSLIB.ORG

Challenges for a Sustainable Chemicals and Materials Policy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Challenges for a Sustainable Chemicals and Materials Policy Friends of the Earth Germany (BUND), National Working Group on Environmental Chemicals and Toxicology Challenges for a Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland e.V. (BUND) Friends of the Earth Germany Kaiserin-Augusta-Allee 5 10553 Berlin, Germany Sustainable Chemicals www.bund.net and Materials Policy Authors: Markus Große-Ophoff, Klaus Günter Steinhäuser, Ralph H. Ahrens, Uwe Schneidewind, Henning Friege, Arnim von Gleich, Eva Scholl, Patricia Cameron, Manuel Fernández Graphic: Mahmure Alp / Noun Project The Need for Transformation Layout: dieprojektoren.de in the Global Context Dezember 2019 We are indebted to the members of the Friends of the Earth (FoE) Germany’s National Working Group on Environmental Chemicals and Toxicology and the Scientific Advisory Board of FoE Germany for their contributions. www.bund.net/chemicals-policy www.bund.net/chemicals-policy-abstract In memory of Karl Otto Henseling CONTENTS Summary . 4 1 Introduction . 5 2 Looking back on over 50 years of debate on chemicals. 6 3 Guiding principles of a sustainable chemicals and materials policy . .. 7 3.1 The precautionary principle ............................................................ 7 3.2 Sustainability ....................................................................... 8 4 Chemicals policy is a planetary issue . 9 4.1 Global exposure to chemicals .......................................................... 9 4.2 Planetary boundaries ................................................................ 10 4.3 Planetary boundary: “Novel entities” ....................................................11 4.4 International solutions .............................................................. 12 4.4.1 The commitment of the world community ......................................... 12 4.4.2 Five global agreements ......................................................... 13 4.4.3 The SAICM discussion framework ................................................ 13 4.4.4 Globally accepted test, assessment and classification procedures ...................... 13 4.4.5 United Nations activities – Sustainable Development Goals ........................... 14 4.4.6 Despite all this: not enough! .................................................... 14 5 The EU Chemicals Regulation REACH . 14 6 Persistence and other substance-related properties . 15 6.1 Persistence as a central environmental problem .......................................... 15 6.2 (Bio)accumulation .................................................................. 16 6.3 Mobility ........................................................................... 17 6.4 Indirect effects ..................................................................... 17 6.5 Hormonal effects ................................................................... 18 6.6 Nanomaterials and other novel materials ............................................... 18 6.7 Combined effects ................................................................... 19 6.8 Trace materials in waters ............................................................ 20 6.9 The outlook: sustainable chemicals .................................................... 20 7 Materials flow management . 20 7.1 Basic principles of the Committee of Inquiry ............................................ 21 7.2 Principles of ecological materials flow management ...................................... 22 7.3 A necessary trend reversal in the production of chemicals ................................. 23 7.4 Sustainable chemistry in the circular economy. 23 7.4.1 Conflicts of goals .............................................................. 23 7.4.2 Raw material extraction and processing ........................................... 24 7.4.3 A wide range of input substances and products ..................................... 25 7.4.4 The special case of plastics ...................................................... 25 7.4.5 Product design ................................................................ 26 7.5 Service models ..................................................................... 27 8 Guiding principles for chemicals and materials policy – Recommendations by Friends of the Earth Germany . 27 8.1 Recommendations for the further development of an international chemicals policy ........... 28 8.2 Recommendations for the further development of REACH ................................. 29 8.3 Recommendations for the further development of substance evaluation and chemicals management ..29 8.4 Recommendations for sustainable materials flow management ............................. 30 8.5 Recommendations for research and education policy ..................................... 30 9 References. 32 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY It is quickly becoming clear: We need new approaches. Mostly it is not enough to assess one chemical on its own. Contextual thinking and action are needed. The interactions among differ- Over the past few years the use of natural resources and the ent chemicals and other stress factors – such as the changing production of chemicals have increased dramatically – and a climate – acting on ecosystems and on human health must be further increase is forecast. Whereas earlier the main focus was taken into consideration. The global dimension of materials on local effects on health and the environment, in the mean- flows must be considered as well. We need a national and glob- time it has become clear that current ways of dealing with al chemicals and materials policy that faces these challenges. natural resources, chemicals and products manufactured from chemicals are threatening the biosphere as a whole. This Friends of the Earth (FoE) Germany position paper “Chal- lenges for a Sustainable Chemicals and Materials Policy – the In 2009 and 2015 scientists introduced the concept of planetary Need for Transformation in the Global Context” presents ways boundaries [1]. As part of this framework nine areas were defined for successfully introducing a sustainable chemicals policy. in which human activities are threatening the Earth system. With Examples: Persistent substances should not enter the environ- the greenhouse gases causing climate change, the acidification ment and substantially fewer toxic chemicals should be pro- of the oceans, damage to the ozone layer, atmospheric aerosol duced. Where possible, fewer chemicals should generally be loading, biogeochemical flows of phosphorus and nitrogen as used. If a chemical or product is still used, this should be done well as “novel entities” – which scientists define as chemicals as efficiently as possible – in other words, with a high level humans have introduced into the environment that were not of benefit. At the same time, making the remaining materials present previously – six of these boundaries relate to the use of flows part of a recycling loop, optimally as a closed-loop cycle, resources as well as the use of chemicals and their emissions. should be considered. The statutory regulations for chemicals, product and waste legislation must share a common basis and The analyses show that the economic activity of humans today be closely coordinated with each other. and current lifestyles are unsustainable and exceed the limits of our Earth system. The trends in global consumption of nat- A sustainable chemicals and materials policy must also encom- ural resources and energy indicate that growth is accelerating. pass all areas of life such as mobility, housing and construction, No reversal of the trend is in sight. Humanity has already left nutrition, clothing and consumption. It thus goes far beyond the safe operating space. current chemicals policy and, similarly to environmental pro- tection, requires a comprehensive transformation of economic What contribution can a sustainable chemicals policy make? activity and consumer behavior. In this regard, chemicals policy Until now quantifying the planetary boundary for “novel enti- is closely related to protecting resources and safeguarding cli- ties” has not been successful. This is also due to the fact that mate and must be conceived and implemented while consider- the variety of substances with varying effects is increasing. We ing such protection. are only gradually ascertaining what consequences this diver- sity of substances is having on, for example, sensitive ecosys- This position paper shows: Chemicals policy must be developed tems. Many of these chemicals have been stable in the environ- with a stronger focus on preventive action and sustainabili- ment for centuries. The examples of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) ty. At the international level this means using the Sustainable and of plastics show that substances and materials which were Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations as a bench- originally assumed not to be hazardous can also cause consid- mark. In assessing chemicals, persistence must be consistently erable problems. Once released into the environment they can regarded as the core hazard. A central goal is to develop and only be retrieved again – if at all – with great difficulty. use sustainable chemicals which in particular are neither per- sistent, bioaccumulating, (eco)toxic, nor highly mobile. It was already recognized in the 1970s and 1980s that taking ac- tion only when the effects of substances in the environment have In the final chapter, “Guiding principles for chemicals and been proven beyond any doubt can be too late. That is why the materials policy – Recommendations by Friends of the Earth precautionary principle was anchored
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Final Energy and Exergy Flow Portuguese Energy Sector
    Primary-to-Final Energy and Exergy Flow s in the Portuguese Energy Sector 1960 to 2009 Dominique Anjo da Silva Thesis to obtain the M aster of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering Examination Committee Chairperson: Prof. Dr. Mário Manuel Gonçalves da Costa Supervisor: Prof.ª Dr. ª Tânia Alexandra dos Santos Costa e Sousa Co-supervisor : Eng. André González Cabrera Honório Serrenho Members of the committee: Dr. Miguel Perez Neves Águas July 2013 1 Acknowledgements To Prof.ª Dr.ª Tânia Sousa for providing me the opportunity to elaborate my thesis on a topic I am passionate about. Her support and guidance throughout this thesis, as well as her openness to fruitful discussions, made this journey an enjoyable one. To Eng. André Serrenho, for his valuable knowledge and support. His expertise was proved fundamental to understand the workings of the IEA database and our discussions constituted a great learning opportunity. To the team at the EDP Foundation, in particular Eng. Pires Barbosa, Eng. Luis Cruz and Eng. Eduardo Moura for their technical expertise and valuable insight on the history of energy production in Portugal. Also to the team at the Electricity Museum in Lisbon, in particular Raquel Eleutério, for providing the opportunity to undertake a 6-month internship, which helped me develop a better technical, historical and societal understanding of the evolution of energy supply in Portugal from 1920 to the present. To Eng. Ana Pipio and Prof. Dr. José Santos-Victor, for their mentorship and support while I worked at the International Affairs team at Instituto Superior Técnico. To Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Circular Economy Development Models in China, Germany and Japan
    Review A Review of Circular Economy Development Models in China, Germany and Japan Olabode Emmanuel Ogunmakinde School of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; [email protected], Tel: +61415815561 Received: 15 May 2019; Accepted: 2 July 2019; Published: 3 July 2019 Abstract: The circular economy (CE) concept is gaining traction as a sustainable strategy for reducing waste and enhancing resource efficiency. This concept has been adopted in some countries such as Denmark, Netherlands, Scotland, Sweden, Japan, China, and Germany while it is being considered by others including England, Austria, and Finland. The CE has been employed in the manufacturing, agricultural, textile, and steel industries but its implementation varies. It is against this backdrop that this study seeks to identify CE implementation in three pioneering countries (China, Japan, and Germany). A critical review and analysis of the literature was conducted. The results revealed enabling and core policies/laws for the development of the CE concept. It also identified the implementation structure of the CE in China, Germany, and Japan. In conclusion, the findings of this study are expected to serve as a guide for developing and implementing the CE concept in various sectors of the economy. Keywords: China; circular economy; Germany; implementation; Japan; resource efficiency; waste management 1. Background of the Study The linear economy is a waste-generating model. It is a system where resources become waste due to production and consumption processes [1]. The linear economy model is a “take-make-waste” approach [2,3] that extracts raw materials to manufacture products, which are disposed of by consumers after use.
    [Show full text]
  • Material Flow Analysis of the Forest-Wood
    Material flow analysis of the forest-wood supply chain: A consequential approach for log export policies in France Jonathan Lenglet, Jean-Yves Courtonne, Sylvain Caurla To cite this version: Jonathan Lenglet, Jean-Yves Courtonne, Sylvain Caurla. Material flow analysis of the forest-wood supply chain: A consequential approach for log export policies in France. Journal of Cleaner Produc- tion, Elsevier, 2017, 165, pp.1296-1305. 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.177. hal-01612454 HAL Id: hal-01612454 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01612454 Submitted on 6 Oct 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Material flow analysis of the forest-wood supply chain: a consequential approach for log export policies in France Jonathan Lengleta,∗, Jean-Yves Courtonneb,c,d, Sylvain Caurlae aAgroParisTech, France bSTEEP team, INRIA Grenoble - Rhˆone-Alpes,Montbonnot, France cUniversit´eGrenoble Alpes, France dArtelia Eau et Environnement, Echirolles, France eUMR INRA – AgroParisTech, Laboratoire d’Economie´ Foresti`ere, 54042 Nancy Cedex, France Abstract. Part of the French timber transformation industry suffers from difficulties to adapt to recent changes on global markets. This translates into net exports of raw wood and imports of transformed products, detrimental to both the trade balance and the local creation of wealth.
    [Show full text]
  • Industrial Ecology Approaches to Improve Metal Management
    Industrial Ecology Approaches to Improve Metal Management Three Modeling Experiments Rajib Sinha Licentiate Thesis Industrial Ecology Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering (SEED) KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden 2014 Title: Industrial Ecology Approaches to Improve Metal Management: Three Modeling Experiments Author: Rajib Sinha Registration: TRITA-IM-LIC 2014:01 ISBN: 978-91-7595-396-0 Contact information: Industrial Ecology Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering (SEED) School of Architecture and the Built Environment, KTH Royal Institute of Technology Technikringen 34, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden Email: [email protected] www.kth.se Printed by: Universitetetsservice US-AB, Stockholm, Sweden, 2014 ii Preface This licentiate thesis1 attempts to capture specific, but also diverse, research interests in the field of industrial ecology. It therefore has a broader scope than a normal licentiate thesis. Here, I would like to share my academic journey in producing the thesis to guide the reader in understanding the content and the background. At high school (standard 9−12), I was most interested in mathematics and physics. This led me to study engineering, and I completed my B.Sc. in Civil Engineering at BUET, Dhaka, Bangladesh. During my undergraduate studies, I developed a great interest in structural engineering. As a result, I chose finite element analysis of shear stress as my Bachelor's degree project. The title of the dissertation was Analysis of Steel-Concrete Composite Bridges with Special Reference to Shear Connectors. All my close classmates at university and I chose an environmental engineering path for further studies. With my interest in environmental engineering, I completed my M.Sc.
    [Show full text]
  • SHC Project 3.63 Sustainable Materials Management Project Plan
    Sustainable & Healthy Communities Research Program Project Plan for Project 3.63 Sustainable Materials Management Project Lead and Deputy Lead Thabet Tolaymat, NRMRL, Project Lead Edwin Barth, NRMRL, Deputy Project Lead Project Period October 1, 2015 (from FY16) to September 30, 2019 (through FY 19) Table of Contents Project Summary ............................................................................................................................. 1 Project Description.......................................................................................................................... 2 Outputs ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Focus Areas ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Focus Area 1: Life Cycle Management of Materials .................................................................. 3 Focus Area 2: Reuse of Organics and Other Materials............................................................... 5 Focus Area 3: Regulatory Support .............................................................................................. 7 Collaboration................................................................................................................................... 8 Task 1 – Tools and Methods for SMM Decision Analytics ......................................................... 10 Task 2 – Beneficial Use of
    [Show full text]
  • Toward Social Material Flow Analysis: on the Usefulness of Boundary Objects in Urban Mining Research
    Toward Social Material Flow Analysis: On the Usefulness of Boundary Objects in Urban Mining Research Björn Wallsten Linköping University Post Print N.B.: When citing this work, cite the original article. Original Publication: Björn Wallsten, Toward Social Material Flow Analysis: On the Usefulness of Boundary Objects in Urban Mining Research, 2015, Journal of Industrial Ecology, (19), 5, 742-752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12361 Copyright: Wiley: No OnlineOpen http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Brand/id-35.html Postprint available at: Linköping University Electronic Press http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122664 Toward Social Material Flow Analysis – On the Usefulness of Boundary Objects in Urban Mining Research Author: Björn Wallsten* Published in Journal of Industrial Ecology 19(5) 742–752. * Corresponding author. Department of Management and Engineering, Environmental Technology and Management, Linköping University, SE- 581 83 Linköping, Sweden. Tel: +4613285625 Email: [email protected] Summary Material flow analysis (MFA) has been an effective tool to identify the scale of physical activity, the allocation of materials across economic sectors for different purposes and to identify inefficiencies in production systems or in urban contexts. However, MFA relies on the invisibilization of the social drivers of those flows to be able to perform its calculations. In many cases therefor, it remains detached from the for example urban processes that underpin them. This becomes a problem when the purpose of research is to design detailed recycling schemes or the like, for which micro-level practice knowledge on how material flows are mediated by human agency is needed.
    [Show full text]
  • Improvement of Raw Material Productivity and Resource Conservation
    Publikationen des .......................................Umweltbundesamtes . Improvement of Raw Material Productivity and Resource Conservation Subproject 1: Evaluation of Potentials, Proposals for Measures and Dialogue about Resource Conservation (Summary) Forschungsprojekt im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes FuE-Vorhaben Förderkennzeichen 206 93 100/01 Thomas Lemken Rainer Lucas Jose Acosta Prof. Dr. Raimund Bleischwitz Claudia Kaiser Melanie Krause Michael Ritthoff Dr. Michael Scharp Martin Stürmer Henning Wilts 2009 Improvement of Raw Material Productivity and Resource Conservation – Subproject 1: Evaluation of Potentials, Proposals for Measures and Dialogue about Resource Conservation Summary Funding reference number 206 93 100/01 July 2008 Commissioned by the Federal Environment Agency (UBA) 2 Authors: Thomas Lemken (Project Coordinator, WI) Rainer Lucas (Project Coordinator, WI) Jose Acosta (WI) Prof. Dr. Raimund Bleischwitz (WI) Claudia Kaiser (WI) Melanie Krause (WI) Michael Ritthoff (WI) Dr. Michael Scharp (IZT) Martin Stürmer (WI) Henning Wilts (WI) Translator: Piet Hausberg This abbreviated version of the final report has been generated within the scope of the re- search project “Improvement of Resource Productivity and Conservation” funded by the German Federal Environment Agency. The project has been carried out under the direction of the Wuppertal Institute jointly with the Institute for Futures Studies and Technology As- sessment in Berlin (IZT) and the UNEP/Wuppertal Institute Collaborating Centre on Sus- tainable Consumption and Production (CSCP). It reflects the results of the future dialogue from 2007 to 2008 and provides insight regard- ing current potentials, chances, and impediments for an improvement of raw material and resource productivity in the sectors of emphasis “construction and habitation”, “steel”, and “copper”. Background research, expert interviews, and workshops have been part of the official dialogue process with stakeholders from economy, politics, and sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Conaccount Workshop Ecologizing Societal Metabolism Designing Scenarios for Sustainable Materials Management
    ConAccount workshop Ecologizing Societal Metabolism Designing Scenarios for Sustainable Materials Management November 21st 1998, Amsterdam, The Netherlands René Kleijn Stefan Bringezu Marina Fischer-Kowalski Viveka Palm (editors) CML report 148 Section Substances & Products ConAccount workshop ECOLOGIZING SOCIETAL METABOLISM: DESIGNING SCENARIOS FOR SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS MANAGEMENT ConAccount workshop ECOLOGIZING SOCIETAL METABOLISM: DESIGNING SCENARIOS FOR SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS MANAGEMENT November 21st 1998, Amsterdam, The Netherlands René Kleijn Stefan Bringezu Marina Fischer-Kowalski Viveka Palm (editors) Centre of Environmental Science (CML) Leiden University P.O. Box 9518 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands CML report 148 - Section Substances & Products Copies can be ordered as follows: – by telephone: (+31) 71 527 74 85 – by writing to: CML Library, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands – by fax: (+31) 71 527 55 87 – by e mail: [email protected] Please mention report number, and name and address to whom the report is to be sent ISBN: 90-5191-124-6 Printed by: Universitair Grafisch Bedrijf, Leiden © Centre of Environmental Science (CML), Leiden 1999 Third ConAccount Meeting: Ecologizing Societal Metabolism Amsterdam, November 21st 1998 CONTENTS Preface_________________________________________________________________________ 1 S. Bringezu, Material Flow Analyses Supporting Technological Change and Integrated Resource Management ____________________________________________________________________ 3 R. Lifset, Ecologizing
    [Show full text]
  • Resources, Conservation & Recycling
    Resources, Conservation & Recycling 129 (2018) 81–92 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Resources, Conservation & Recycling journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/resconrec Full length article Critical appraisal of the circular economy standard BS 8001:2017 and a T dashboard of quantitative system indicators for its implementation in organizations Stefan Pauliuk Industrial Ecology Group, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacher Strasse 4, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: So far, organizations had no authoritative guidance on circular economy (CE) principles, strategies, im- Circular economy plementation, and monitoring. Consequentially, the British Standards Institution recently launched a new Circularity indicator standard “BS 8001:2017 – Framework for implementing the principles of the circular economy in organizations”. BS 8001 BS 8001:2017 tries to reconcile the far-reaching ambitions of the CE with established business routines. The 3R standard contains a comprehensive list of CE terms and definitions, a set of general CE principles, a flexible Material flow analysis management framework for implementing CE strategies in organizations, and a detailed description of eco- Life cycle assessment nomic, environmental, design, marketing, and legal issues related to the CE. The guidance on monitoring CE strategy implementation, however, remains vague. The standard stipulates that organizations are solely responsible for choosing appropriate CE indicators. Its authors do not elaborate on the links between CE strategy monitoring and the relevant and already standardized quantitative tools life cycle assessment (LCA) and material flow cost accounting (MFCA). Here a general system definition for deriving CE indicators is proposed. Based on the system definition and the indicator literature a dashboard of new and established quantitative indicators for CE strategy assessment in organi- zations is then compiled.
    [Show full text]
  • A Framework for Material Flow Assessment in Manufacturing
    KES Transactions on Sustainable Design and Manufacturing I Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 2014 : pp.398-409 : Paper sdm14-064 A Framework for Material Flow Assessment in Manufacturing Oliver Gould and James Colwill Centre for Sustainable Manufacturing and Recycling Technologies (SMART), Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, UK [email protected] Abstract Improving material efficiency is widely accepted as one of the key challenges facing manufactures in the future. The increasing consumption of materials, in addition to depleting finite resources, is having detrimental impacts on the environment associated with their extraction, processing and disposal. It is clear that radical improvements in material efficiency are required to avoid further environmental damage and maintain a healthy manufacturing sector. Current material flow analysis and resource management methodologies are used to improve the efficiency of material consumption in economic terms, and environmental assessment methodologies are used to determine environmental impacts, a methodology to effectively assess material efficiency according to both criteria is currently not available. This paper highlights the benefits of considering a broader range of parameters in material flow modelling to support advances in increased material efficiency and proposes a ‘material flow assessment’ framework that allows greater flexibility in the exploration of material efficiency improvements within manufacturing systems. 1. Introduction Resource Efficient Manufacturing (REM) is a process that has traditionally been driven by market competition as manufacturers seek to reduce their production costs to maximise profits and increase sales [1]. This generally involved improving efficiencies in labour, materials and energy, whilst increasing output and minimising waste. However, whilst REM has its roots in these traditional economic driven markets, more recently it has been adopted as a sustainability strategy, where the main driver has been resource conservation, ‘doing more with less’.
    [Show full text]
  • Data Mining for Material Flow Analysis: Application in the Territorial Breakdown of French Regions Brinduşa Smaranda
    Data Mining for Material Flow Analysis: Application in the Territorial Breakdown of French Regions Brinduşa Smaranda To cite this version: Brinduşa Smaranda. Data Mining for Material Flow Analysis: Application in the Territorial Break- down of French Regions. Modeling and Simulation. 2013. hal-00932203 HAL Id: hal-00932203 https://hal.inria.fr/hal-00932203 Submitted on 16 Jan 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Master DMKM Report Data Mining for Material Flow Analysis: Application in the Territorial Breakdown of French Regions Brindusa SMARANDA defended the 07/09/2013 Supervision : Emmanuel Prados, Jean-Yves Courtonne, Peter Sturm - STEEP Team (INRIA) and Tom`asAluja - Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya Location : STEEP Team, INRIA Rh^one-Alpes Abstract: One of the major issues for assessment of the long-term sustainability of urban areas is related to the concept of \imported sustainability". In order to produce such an assess- ment for a given territory, one must first identify and quantify the types of materials used, and the impacts associated to these uses. Material Flow Analysis (MFA) is di- rectly related to how the material circulates and how it is transformed within a territory.
    [Show full text]
  • Framework for Materials Passports
    This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 642384. 1 Deliverable 5 lead partner: EPEA Nederland BV Report development: EPEA Nederland BV and SundaHus i Linköping AB Authors: EPEA: Douglas Mulhall, Katja Hansen, Lars Luscuere, Rafaela Zanatta, Raymond Willems SundaHus: Jan Boström, Lisa Elfström Contribution: Technische Universität München (Matthias Heinrich and Werner Lang), IBM Nederland BV, Bam Construct UK Limited, and BAMB Work Package Leaders. Date of report delivery to the Project Coordination Team (PCT): 08.05.2017 This extract of the original report was made for public viewing. Some changes were made as time passed since the original report was delivered, and to allow publication of the report. However the report is not fully revised. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 642384. 2 The framework for materials passports (MP) described in this report provides a basis for BAMB MP and supports development, prototyping, and constant improvement of the passports and the enabling materials passports platform (MPP). The framework for materials passports includes contributions of BAMB partners and was mainly developed by EPEA and SundaHus. Components In order to understand how the framework fits together, brief descriptions of its main components are provided below: Materials passports (MP) are (digital) sets of data describing defined characteristics of materials and components in products and systems that give them value for present use, recovery, and reuse. Materials passport platform (MPP) is a software platform to create materials passports.
    [Show full text]