a 7.90 D European & Security ES & Defence 6/2017 International Security and Defence Journal ISSN 1617-7983 • www.euro-sd.com • Weapons Mix Options Paradigm Shift at the Company Level September 2017 Reaching the Home Base Heavy Helicopters Reemerge Maiden voyage of the QUEEN ELIZABETH aircraft Germany seeks to replace its ageing fleet. carrier Other countries to follow Politics · Armed Forces · Procurement · Technology FULLY INTEGRATED C4I SOFTWARE Visit us on stand S5-160 at DSEI and booth 219 at AUSA DSEI 2017 - ESD Full Page Ad 176 x 257mm.indd 1 22/08/2017 13:24:34 Editorial Putin’s Afghan Commitment ussian President Vladimir Putin has As long as Russia expected that under the Robviously located a new political field new US President Donald Trump no new of action: Afghanistan. The Russian Gov- strategy would been set for Afghanistan, ernment has been particularly interested President Putin believed himself to be able in Afghanistan of late. Numerous Afghan to push back American influence there. In Government representatives have recently a television interview, the Russian President been in talks with various Russian partners personally admitted that his government in Moscow. But so far, it is still not clear had Taliban contacts, even if there were what Russia’s real intentions are for Af- “many radical elements“ in the militia. ghanistan. After the USSR invaded Afghan- Paradoxically, in the same interview Putin istan in 1979, war broke out, with heavy warned of the terrorist threat from Afghani- losses. The war ended in 1989 with the stan. It is a “very dangerous development retreat of the Soviet Army, beaten by the for all of us” that the Taliban “and other Mujahideen, who had been trained by Pa- radical Islamists” from Afghanistan are in- kistan with a lot of money from the US. Af- creasingly approaching the borders of the ghanistan has been regarded as a trauma CIS countries, he stated. for the Russian military since then. Russia’s On 14 April, Russia issued invitations to a policy on Afghanistan was restrained for large Afghanistan conference in Moscow to a long time. But the situation in Afghani- strengthen its influence on further develop- stan has not improved, especially since ments in Afghanistan. In addition to experts the departure of the combat troops of the from Russia and Afghanistan, representa- ISAF mission, which was conducted as a tives from China, Iran, India and Pakistan, security and reconstruction mission under as well as the five Central Asian ex-Soviet NATO leadership in the Afghanistan war republics took part in the conference. Rep- from 2001 to 2014, and was continued by resentatives from NATO countries and the the follow-up mission “Resolute Support” UN were not involved. The US, the Afghan with 13,500 soldiers, for educating, advis- Government’s previous protecting power, ing and training the Afghan security forces. had refused to participate. The participants On the contrary: for one thing, experts called on the radical Islamic Taliban to open say, there is massive drug smuggling from peace talks. The Taliban leadership should Afghanistan, the world’s largest producer move away from a violent resolution of the of opium, to Central Asia. The billion-dollar conflict and start negotiations with the gov- business is continuing to expand. The ernment in Kabul. Possible peace talks could UN’s “Opium Survey 2016” states that the take place in Moscow. opium poppy cultivation areas grew by ten The Taliban had so far rejected all offers, percent within one year. A large portion of and they were not represented at the con- the drug ends up in Russia. The number of ference, either. The conference participants assaults in Afghanistan is growing steadily, also concluded that there was no military and nor is it just the Taliban who are in- solution to the conflict. It could only be volved, but also fighters from the so-called resolved by political means, in accordance Islamic State (IS), who, coming from Iraq with the resolutions of the UN Security and Syria, are trying to build a new base in Council. Russia’s real intentions remain that country. The Russian fear that IS fight- unclear even after the conference. What is ers or other jihadists could get to Russia via certain is that there is a desire to limit the Central Asia and carry out attacks there influence of the US in Afghanistan. But it is real. “We already know of cases where is not entirely to be ruled out that Russia is fighters have set out from Afghanistan,” playing a risky double game in Afghanistan Putin said in an interview. Russia sees IS as by continuing externally to support the of- a threat to its own country, but especially ficial Afghan government, but at the same to its neighbours in Central Asia with high time arming the Taliban in the background proportions of Muslim population. Rus- and hoping that the militia will prevent the sia regards these countries as its natural further spread of IS in Afghanistan. sphere of influence. Henning Bartels September 2017 · European Security & Defence 1 Content Move Forward More Slowly Setting New Standards Photo: Kongsberg Photo: BAE Systems The current British CHALLENGER 2 main battle tank Making use of the new generation of anti-ship/land requires significant upgrade work to allow it to deal attack missiles requires a complete change in the way with present and future threats Page 63 navies view Anti-Surface Warfare (ASuW). Page 76 SECURITY POLICY ARMAMENT & TECHNOLOGY 15 Italy and its Defence Partnership with 58 MIV: FRESh Thinking? NATO and the EU Tim Mahon Luca Peruzzi 63 Move Forward More Slowly – The British 22 Moldova’s Difficult Course Forward CHALLENGER 2 Upgrade Programme Nina Lutterjohann David Saw Type 26 Global Combat Ship: Status Report 26 Armenia and the South Caucasus Security System 68 Conrad Waters Gayane Novikova 74 QUEEN ELIZABETH Class Aircraft Carriers: 31 The Art of Bullying: Nuclear North Korea and its Programme Update Place in East Asia Conrad Waters Jan Blinka 76 Common Optimism Anti-Ship Missile 34 The North Atlantic Treaty of 1949 and its Manufacturers to Set New Standards Relevance in 2017 Stefan Nitschke Eugene Kogan 80 Projects and Programmes of the NCI Agency 37 The Ukrainian Strategic Environment Dorothee Frank David Saw 84 “Speed of Light to the Fight” – Promise and Prospects of Directed Energy Weapons ARMED FORCES Sidney E. Dean 41 CBRN Defence and NATO 88 Weighty Decisions Over Heavy Helicopters Dan Kaszeta Andrew Drwiega 44 2018 US Defence Budget Proposal Restoration 91 Medium-Calibre Ammunition Developments Joshua Cohen Remigiusz Wilk 46 “We are actually working to reach the objective 96 Glock Modular Handgun System of 2%.” Jan-Phillipp Weisswange Interview: Agustín Conde, Secretary of State in the Spanish 100 New Vehicles for the Belgian Light Brigade Ministry of Defence Joris Verbeurgt 50 “This situation cannot go on.” 103 Upgrading Legacy Soviet Tanks Interview with Deputy Defence Minister of the Republic of David Saw Azerbaijan, Lt.Gen. Karim Valiyev 107 Comprehensive Force Protection Concept 54 Paradigm Shift at Infantry Company Level for Armoured Combat Vehicles David Saw Rolf Hilmes 2 European Security & Defence · September 2017 INDUSTRY & MARKETS Index of Advertisers 112 DSEI Preview – New Technology Poised to Enter Arms and Security 52 Maritime Domain ATM ComputerSysteme 59 Stefan Nitschke AVIASVIT 25 118 “DSO is the front end, talking to customers.“ Bren-Tronics 65 Interview with Stephen Phipson, Head of DSO Ceska zbrojovka a.s. (CZ) 11-14 C5 117 122 Climate Management on Naval Vessels HVAC and CBRN Protection Systems DNV GL 115 Dieter Stockfisch EXPAL 46/47 FMV 119 Future Mortar Systems 111 VIEWPOINT FROM … GPEC 93 20 London Hagenuk Marinekommunikation 81 Tim Mahon Hirtenberger Defence Systems 4th cover IDEAS 95 30 Tbilisi Beka Kiria I/ITSEC 82 KADEX 83 36 Madrid Kärcher Futuretech 43 Esteban Villarejo Ceballos Kongsberg 77 53 Bern KMW 21 Peter Jenni Lincad Power Management Systems 61 Miltech Hellas 3 THE BRUSSELS BACKDROP MTU 113 48 The European Migration Crisis Pearson Engineering 7 Joris Verbeurgt Peli Products 17 QIOPTIQ 9 Rheinmetall Defence 4/5 COLUMNS Rohde & Schwarz 71 1 Editorial Sensonor 79 SOFEX 29 4 Periscope Systematic 2nd cover 66 Masthead Tyron Runflat 67 126 Firms & Faces Yugoimport 3rd cover 128 Preview 眀眀眀⸀眀洀⸀洀椀氀琀椀攀氀琀挀攀栀挀⸀最栀爀⸀最爀 礀漀礀甀漀爀甀 琀爀栀 琀攀栀爀攀洀爀洀愀氀 愀瀀氀 漀瀀椀漀渀椀琀渀 漀琀昀 漀 瘀昀椀 攀瘀眀椀攀眀 Periscope Quick-fit EO System for burden on the operator. At the heart of Recce Vehicles the system, a Chess PIRANHA day/low light (ck) At DSEi Chess Dynamics will launch the camera and a Gen4 cooled thermal imager HAWKEYE Vehicle System (VS), a quick-fit provide long-range surveillance capability. Photo: HENSOLDT electro-optical (EO) system intended for The configuration, featuring a four-metre reconnaissance vehicles. HAWKEYE VS pneumatic mast on which the sensor head is a member of the HAWKEYE family of is raised, enables covert surveillance opera- EO systems. Enabling operators to see out tions at a safe distance and invisible to di- rect fire weapons. The system also includes a laser rangefinder, an optional laser target marker, designator or near infrared pointer reliably to detect small drones at various and can be geo-referenced for accurate distances, thus enhancing protection of target location, feeding friendly forces with critical infrastructure, large events, mili- target information through a battlefield tary installations etc. Also displayed is the Photo: Chess Dynamics C4I system. Electro-Optical Targeting System EOTS II, with a choice of day vision zoom cameras, HENSOLDT Presents including a short-wave infrared (SWIR) op- Extensive Sensor Portfolio tion. The driver vision system SPECTUS II at DSEi 2017 features a low light TV camera (LLLTV) with (ck) HENSOLDT has been created by merg- a nighttime image quality close to that of ing the various defence electronics activi- a residual light amplifier.