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Brays Bayou Conceptual Plan Part I

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Brays Bayou Conceptual Plan Part I . Final Report Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Creation Project Conceptual Plan Prepared for Harris County Flood Control District February 2002 With Support from City of Houston Galveston Bay Estuary Program Natural Legacy Reliant Energy TX Cooperative Extension/TX Sea Grant Texas Parks and Wildlife US Department of Agriculture USEPA USFWS . Contents Introduction.........................................................................................................................4 Existing Conditions..............................................................................................................4 Climatological Data .....................................................................................4 Surface Water Quality..................................................................................4 Tide Gauge...................................................................................................9 Reference Site.............................................................................................16 Basis of Design...................................................................................................................20 Wet Pond ...................................................................................................24 Shallow Treatment Marsh .........................................................................24 Tidal Marsh ................................................................................................27 Public Use ..........................................................................................................................27 Planting Plan......................................................................................................................27 Wet Pond ...................................................................................................35 Shallow Treatment Marsh .........................................................................35 Tidal Marsh ................................................................................................35 Runoff Quality ...................................................................................................................36 Expected Performance.......................................................................................................37 Implementation Plan .........................................................................................................39 References..........................................................................................................................40 Exhibits 1 Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project Site 2 Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project Site Topographic Map 3 Monthly Average Air Temperature for Houston Texas 4 Annual Rainfall and Evapotranspiration for the Harris County Texas Area, 1970-91 5 Surface Water Quality Stations in the Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project Site Area 6 Summary of Surface Water Quality from Stations in the Brays Bayou Multi- Purpose Wetland Project Site Area 7 Manchester Gauge (Stn 513) Primary Water Levels and Tidal Data 8 Tidal Data for the Manchester Gauge located in the Houston Ship Channel and Estimates for the Brays Bayou MPWP 9 Correlation of Manchester Gauge Tidal Data to Infinities Water Level Recorder Located at the Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project 10 Location of the Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project Site, Manchester Gauge, and Reference Site 11 Tidal Wetland Vegetation Species observed at Hunting Bayou Reference Site 12 Hydrological Zones Identified at the Hunting Bayou Reference Site and Estimates for the Brays Bayou MPWP 13 Conceptual Plan for the Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project 14 Profile (A-A’) of the Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project 15 Profile (B-B’) of the Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project BRAYSBAYOU_CONCEPTPLAN_FINAL_REV.DOC 2 . 16 Wet Pond Ground Slope Detail from the Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project 17 Schematic of Inline Agridrain Outlet Water Level Control Structure 18 Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project - Pedestrian Bridge Example 19 Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project Pedestrian Path Detail 20 Interpretive Sign Examples in Wetland Systems 21 Planting Plan for the Brays Bayou Constructed Wetland 22 Elevation Range for Hydrological Zones at the Brays Bayou MPWP 23 Brays Bayou Constructed Wetland Planting Plan Detail 24 Estimated Annual Average Performance of Brays Bayou Wetland Appendix A. Surface Water Quality Timeseries Plots BRAYSBAYOU_CONCEPTPLAN_FINAL_REV.DOC 3 . Introduction Harris County Flood Control District (HCFCD) is working with a number of partners including the Texas Sea Grant to implement a pilot Multi-Purpose Wetland Project (MPWP) as part of the Brays Bayou Federal Project in Houston, Texas. This proj ect consists of construction of a stormwater treatment wetland and a tidally influenced wetland shelf created adjacent to an existing Flood Control Channel. This memorandum describes the preliminary design of the MPWP including a constructed treatment wetland and tidal marsh and includes the following: · Existing site information · Basis of design and expected performance and benefits · Preliminary plan and section drawings of the proposed wetland with recommended dimensions · Proposed planting plan for the wetla nd Existing Conditions The Brays Bayou project site is located in southeast Houston, Texas (1.8 miles north of the I-610 and I-45 intersection). The project site is approximately 6.5 acres in size and is located within Mason Park. It is bordered by the Brays Bayou to the west and south, Mason Park to the north and west, and the New Orleans Railroad and high-density residential development to the northeast (Exhibit 1). The site is characterized by upland grasses, scattered cottonwood (Populus sp.), and a sma ll slough dominated by cutgrass (Zizaniopsis milacea) and elephant ear (Colocasia esculenta). The slough conveys stormwater from the 30-acre watershed, dominated by residential development, to Brays Bayou. The National Wetland Inventory (NWI) does not identify any wetlands within the project site. A topographic 2-foot contour map of the project site with spot elevations is presented in Exhibit 2. The lowest elevations are present in the stormwater slough located at the northern section of the project site. Higher elevations (> 20 feet) on the project site are located along the eastern and southwest edge of the project site. Climatological Data Monthly average air temperature from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Center in presented in Exhibit 3. The average annual temperature for the Houston Texas area is 20.7 oC, ranging from 11.1 to 28.1 oC. Twenty-two years of historic annual rainfall and evapotranspiration data records from 1970 to 1991 are presented in Exhibit 4. Long-term average annual rainfall and evapotranspiration are 47.5 and 48.5 inches, respectively. Surface Water Quality Limited water quality data are available in the vicinity of the project site. Exhibit 5 identifies the location for a number of STORET surface water quality stations, BRAYSBAYOU_CONCEPTPLAN_FINAL_REV.DOC 4 Wetland Solutions, Inc. East Mason Park Residential New Orleans Railroad Development Existing Stormwater Outfall Brays Bayou West Mason Park N to Buffalo approx. scale (ft) Project Site Boundary Bayou 0 400 EXHIBIT 1 Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project Site BraysBayou_Exhibits_Final_rev.xls / Ex1 2/7/2002 Wetland Solutions, Inc. 20 inlet culvert 10 (invert 4.51) Residential Development 10 18.5 20 24.5 15.1 22.8 20 20.3 21.5 19.7 10 MASON PARK 20 17.7 18.7 18.7 20.7 N 14.9 11.3 approx. scale (ft) 0 200 2 foot contours (ft NAVD) EXHIBIT 2 Brays Bayou Multi-Purpose Wetland Project Site Topographic Map BraysBayou_Exhibits_Final_rev.xls / Ex2 2/7/2002 Wetland Solutions, Inc. 30.0 Annual Average = 20.7 oC 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 Monthly Average Air Temperature (C) 5.0 0.0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC EXHBIT 3 Monthly Average Air Temperature for Houston Texas Source: National Weather Service (NOAA Climate Data) BraysBayou_Exhibits_Final_rev.xls / Ex3 2/7/2002 Wetland Solutions, Inc. 80 Rainfall (in) 70 ET (in) 60 50 40 30 Total Rainfall and ET (in) 20 Annual Average Rainfall = 47.5 in ET = 48.5 in 10 Source:National Weather Service (NOAA Climate Data) - Houston Intercontinental Airport 0 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 EXHIBIT 4 Annual Rainfall and Evapotranspiration for the Harris County Texas Area, 1970-91 BraysBayou_Exhibits_Final_rev.xls / Ex4 2/7/2002 . maintained by the Texas Water Commission. Three STORET water quality stations were found in Brays Bayou and three in Buffalo Bayou (Houston Ship Channel). The closest upstream station to the project site is station 11306 located on Brays Bayou at 75th Street. Exhibit 6 summarizes period of record water quality for the STORET stations illustrated in Exhibit 5. Water quality in Brays and Buffalo Bayous is poor and clearly impacted by wastewater and stormwater discharges. Timeseries plots of select parameters are provided in Appendix A. These trend charts indicate that ambient concentrations of total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen have been declining over the 30 year period- of-record. Nitrate nitrogen concentrations have increased over this same period. These trends are likely indicative of increasing levels of advanced treatment and nitrification of municipal and
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