The Official Journal of the
Volume 23.03 March 2006 1 Meetings Update
ALL MEETINGS ARE HELD AT: (unless otherwise indicated) Turnbull House, 11 Bowen Street, Wellington When: Monday 27 March, 2006 Time: 7.10 pm till 9.30pm (doors open 6.50pm)
WelMacs’ main meeting this month will cover the first things you’ll come across when using a Mac - whether you’ve just switched from using Windows or Linux, are a beginner Mac user - or just want to learning more about the Apple operating system before you take the plunge. Featured in the meeting will be snippets of Terry White’s “Mac OS X Train- ing for Windows Users” DVD, and a review of the Apple “Switch” campaign... as well as an opportunity to relate your switching experi- ence. There will be a few spot prizes as well. Following this we will have a break for supper then our usual Mac Help Desk session. Kapiti Area Meeting For those members living at or near the Paraparaumu area, our next Kapiti meeting will be a dinner at the Rita King Cottage at St Marks Church in Rosetta Road, Raumati on Monday 3 April 2006. New Media Users Group Check
2 3 President's Report
Hi folks. able to attend one, so we will contact you to confi rm your preference once we The AGM managed to know which ones we will be running. convince me to stay on If you aren’t able to use the form as president for a fi fth for some reason, please e-mail or tele- year. I hope you aren’t phone me with your details. getting tired of me yet. We will be using three rooms: the Large Gallery, Small Gallery and Turn- Committee Changes bull Room, all of which are on the fi rst At the AGM, the previous committee fl oor. Allocation of topics to rooms will was re-elected with very few changes. be determined according to the number See the list on the back cover for de- of registrations. tails. We have added two new commit- We will be supplying a limited num- tee members: Peter Kirby and Lesley ber of computers for the workshop. At- O’Cain. Welcome, and thanks for vol- tendees can also bring their own laptop unteering! computers, but please don’t bring large Workshop desktop computers. WelMac will be running a workshop Depending on number of attendees on Saturday 29th April at Turnbull and available computers and tutors, we House, from 10 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. intend to structure the “Basics” work- There will be a half hour lunch break, shop as a hands-on tutorial session with and a light lunch is provided. The fee to two attendees and one tutor per com- attend is $30 per person. puter. The other workshops will be more We are offering a selection of four in the form of a seminar with a higher topics. These are subject to suffi cient ratio of attendees to computers. registrations. These workshops are somewhat of • Macintosh Basics. an experiment to gauge interest and • Productivity (MS Offi ce). to see how well we can run them given • Graphics (Photoshop, Freehand). the facilities available at Turnbull House. • Video (Final Cut Pro). We are hoping that the reduced fee If there are other topics you would compared to previous years will make like to see covered in future work- it a more attractive prospect to many shops, please let me know, or use the members. If there is suffi cient demand comments on the registration form to we will continue to hold workshops request another topic. throughout the year. Advance registration is essential, If you intend to travel to the work- and numbers are limited. If possible, shop by car, note that parking may be please use the form on the web site: an issue. Street parking is free on Satur- http://www.welmac.org.nz/ days, but there is a two hour time limit workshop.htm in most areas. This may mean having to The form allows you to register for move your car at the lunch break. The several workshops, but you will only be Clifton Terrace car park is reasonably 2 3 close, and is free on weekends. as the applications typically used on these computers are taking longer to Intel Mac Models be converted to Universal form, which Apple is rapidly introducing new Mac is required to allow them to run at full models based on Intel processors. speed (if at all) on Macs with an Intel The iMac is now only available with processor. an Intel processor (Core Duo at 1.83 There are rumours of another Apple or 2 GHz). The G5 model is no longer media event around April 1st (Apple’s available. 30th anniversary), which may be an The Mac Mini with Intel processor opportunity to introduce the “Mac- was announced within the last month, Book” (replacement for the iBook). and is already available here. The G4 There could also be a radically different models will presumably only be avail- iPod in the works, with improved video able while stocks last. playback. The Mac Mini Intel models are more expensive than the G4 models, but they Teething Trouble are considerably faster (for applica- As always with new computer mod- tions which are available in “Universal” els, there have been a few problems form), have built-in Airport Extreme reported in Internet forums by people and Bluetooth as standard, digital and who have bought the new Macs with analogue audio input and output, and Intel processors. Some of these might include the Apple remote control and be faults with individual computers, Front Row software, allowing them to be while others are likely to be software used as part of a home entertainment issues that will be sorted out as Apple centre. Maximum memory capacity is is able to fix them in new versions of now 2 GB. The high end model includes Mac OS X. a Superdrive. A nice change is that they On the software front, the “Rosetta” now have four USB ports instead of two, emulation system has been put through reducing the need for a hub. its paces. This facility allows Intel Macs The Mac Mini uses a slower proces- to run most applications written for sor and less powerful video hardware PowerPC (G3/G4) processors, as long than the iMac or MacBook Pro, but its as they don’t require the advanced performance should otherwise be quite features of the G5. close to the other models. User reports indicate that Rosetta The MacBook Pro has been in rela- works reasonably well: a rough guide- tively limited supply overseas and has line is that if you were upgrading from a not reached New Zealand in quantity three or four year old G4 Mac to a new yet. This should improve over the next Intel Mac, your old PowerPC applications month. would run in emulation on the Intel Mac Replacements for the iBook and the at a similar speed to how they ran on 12” and 17” PowerBook G4 models have the old computer. not yet been announced, but they are Memory is a critical issue: Rosetta likely to be appearing soon. needs a lot of it, so if you are planning to The professional desktop and server be dependent on PowerPC applications machines (PowerMac and Xserve) are probably a little further down the track, continued on page 13
4 5 Get smart about OS X security
by Glenn Brynjulson
he events of the past month have shown us that malware writ- ers are busy creating Trojans, viruses and worms for the Mac. WhileT Apple’s most recent patches may have stopped the “safe file” exploit, Apple can do only so much to keep you safe. Your best bet, as always, is to practice safe computing methods. What follows is a checklist of things you should already be doing to keep your computer safe from Internet threats and less obvious “threats” in your home or workplace. Lock Down Login The Admin account - the one cre- ated when you first started your Everyone - I mean everyone - should new Mac - has a number of security disable automatic login in the Secu- features left wide open for your rity preference pane. convenience. Having the machine log in automati- Unfortunately, that convenience cally means that anyone with access enables anyone with access to the to your machine can trash or modify account (your 6-year-old niece) to your Home folder at will. Is there trash your entire Applications folder, anything in your Home folder that and it could enable malware attach- you’d like to keep? ments to use your Admin privileges Forcing yourself to log in each time to install itself. also helps you remember your Moving Admin password, which is useful when you lose that slip of paper under the key- If your main account is already the board. (You don’t do that, right?) Admin account, follow these steps to move the Admin privileges to If you work in an office, you also another account: will want to check the box next to “Require password to wake this With the Accounts preference pane, computer from sleep or screen sav- create the new account - let’s call it er.” Just remember to activate the “Fred” - and give Fred administra- screen saver or put the computer to tion privileges, under the pane’s sleep when you leave to get a cup Security tab. of coffee. Log into the Fred account. Don’t Be Admin In the Accounts preference pane, The account that you use for your uncheck the box that allows admin- day-to-day computing should not be istrative privileges for your original the administrative account. account.
4 5 Restart the machine.Now, you will Muscle-Up Your Passwords not be able to administer the ma- chine from your main, daily use For your password, do not use account until you manually authen- names of people important to you. ticate with the Fred’s administrator Do not use words found in the dic- account name and password. tionary, even if they are obscure. Disable Servers A common way to strengthen pass- Go to the Sharing Preference Pane. If words is to combine words in a you don’t use your Mac as a server, phrase and throw in numbers and none of these items should be en- punctuation for letters, 1ik3th!s. abled, with the possible exception of Another common method is to think Personal File Sharing. of a long phrase that you wouldn’t And even if you share a file between use in polite company, and then computers once in a while, consider use the first letter of each word leaving Personal File Sharing off by in that phrase. This assumes that default, and enabling it only when the phrase does not form an actual you need it. word on its own. Again, substituting numbers and punctuation for letters If you share files on your home net- is a good idea. work all the time, then you really should have a hardware router on Firewall your network. See the firewall sec- If you have an always-on Internet tion below. connection, such as a cable or DSL
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6 7 service, you should have a hardware off by default, but manufacturers router with a built-in firewall - doubly vary. so if have a home network. Apply Patches Much of the nastiness on the Inter- net will never make it to your ma- Keep using Software Update regular- chine if you have a properly config- ly to apply any new security patches ured router. The router sits between that Apple releases. Having it check your cable or DSL modem and the automatically is a good idea, even rest of your network, stopping port if you have dial-up and apply your sniffers and viruses before they get patches from a CD; at least you will to your computer. know the updates are available. Of course, an improperly configured Using an unpatched machine may router is like having no router, so be not be terribly dangerous now, but sure that you: as malware writers and other lowlifes look for ways to bring down “smug” Change the default administrative Macintosh users, it will become more password. The default passwords critical as time passes. are commonly known on the In- ternet. As Mac users, all we can do is take precautions, be aware that more Check to ensure that remote admin- malware writers are targeting us, istration is disabled. This is usually and backup, backup, backup.
6 7 Burning Down the Disc by Adam C. Engst
ometimes easy things turn out to be more involved than you initially anticipated. Recently I wanted to burn a few CDs con- tainingS the full Take Control library for a user group raffle. Pop a blank CD into my Power Mac’s SuperDrive, let it mount in the Finder, drag the files over to it, and click the Burn button in that window. What could be easier?
Not much, if - and it’s a big IF - I for the perfectly burned disc to learn didn’t care about user experience, the ins-and-outs of some common in particular, what the window looks tools and approaches. like when the user double-clicks the CD icon on the Desktop. Obviously, Just Burn It if the user views my CD in a col- The first and most obvious tech- umn-view Finder window, I have no nique, as I noted before, was simply control at all, and that’s fine. But in to pop a writable disc into my Super- the event that someone does dou- Drive, drag the files and folders over ble-click my CD’s icon in the Finder, to it, arrange the window as desired, I’d like it to open to a well-laid out name the CD, and click the Burn but- window. And heck, why should us- ton in the Recordable CD row at the ers have to open the CD manually? top of the window. The only problem If they insert it, it’s a pretty good is that the Finder ignores the layout chance they want to open the win- of the window entirely, resorting dow. All this, reasonable as it might instead to the default window size seem, turns out to be easier said and icon view. Utterly useless. I’ve than done. filed a bug with Apple. With 31 ebooks and 3 folders for Hot Folders the Dutch, German, and Japanese translations, icon view doesn’t work In Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger, there’s an- well, leaving list view as the best op- other way: the burn folder. Choose tion. But with 34 items in the folder, File > New Burn Folder, and the the default window is nowhere near Finder creates a special burn folder large enough, and since some of that makes it easy to burn multiple our ebooks have fairly long titles, identical discs (in fact, when you the name column isn’t wide enough burn a single disc, the Finder asks either. It’s trivial to adjust the win- if you want to create a burn folder to dow size and column widths appro- simplify the task of making more). priately, but that’s where the fun I thought that perhaps giving the begins. Follow along with my quest burn folder the proper layout would
8 9 transfer that layout to the eventual the CD window opens automatically. CD. I was wrong. Burn folders work Success! in exactly the same way as burning sudo bless -folder “/Volumes/ one-off discs, and they ignore any discName” -openfolder “/Volumes/ changes the user may have made discName” to the window size or layout. To my mind, this is even more problematic, But as much as the process worked, since the entire point of a burn folder it was a bit clumsy to perform, what is to ease the process of making mul- with blessing the mounted disk im- tiple copies, and once multiple copies age so it would open its window are involved, it seems all the more automatically. Also, I need to add likely that window layout would be- new ebooks to the disk image peri- come important. odically, so it has to be large enough to hold them. When creating disk Disk Utility images, it didn’t seem to matter if Clearly, I needed another way. My I chose a normal read/write image, next thought was to create a disk or a sparse image. Sparse images image - a file that can be mounted are more interesting, though, since by Mac OS X as though it were a they can be any size virtually, but real disk of some sort - containing take up only as much space on disk my files and with its as data is contained within them. In A minute or window laid out the other words, I could create a 650 MB two later, Disk way I wanted. Using sparse image, copy 62 MB of data to Utility reported Apple’s Disk Utility, I it, and have the disk image file take created a disk image up only 62 MB on my hard disk. The success, and of roughly the right unfortunate downside is that even indeed, when I size, mounted it, cop- when burning the sparse image, Disk opened the win- ied the files to it and Utility must still burn the entire 650 dow, it looked set its window layout MB, which takes a long time. Given appropriately. Then I how much longer it takes to burn just the way I selected it in the lower 650 MB instead of 62 MB, it’s worth wanted. Yay! part of the drive pane recreating the disk image every so in Disk Utility, and often when I run out of room instead clicked the Burn button in the tool- of using a large sparse image. bar. A minute or two later, Disk Utility Nonetheless, I had a full workable reported success, and indeed, when solution that could perhaps be au- I opened the window, it looked just tomated somewhat with iKey, and the way I wanted. Yay! Now if only one that used only free tools. But there was a way to make it open au- perhaps there was an even better tomatically. After asking some smart way. friends, I learned that the following Unix command, properly modified Toast 7 Titanium for the name of the disc (the quotes Next, I looked to Toast 7 Titanium, are necessary if there are spaces in the popular disc-burning software the disc name) and invoked before from Roxio, to see if it would provide burning, twiddles things such that
8 9 a better answer, since data CDs are but I turned to Toast expert John almost the least of its capabilities. Acree at Roxio to see if Toast had a The most obvious way of using Toast better approach. John told me that was an improvement over the Finder, once I had created my temporary but not quite there. I dragged my partition, I should, instead of using files into the Data tab, selected the Toast’s Copy tab, switch to the Data Auto-Open Disc Window checkbox in tab, drag the mounted partition into the Formats drawer, clicked the More the Data tab, select the Mac & PC button in the Formats drawer to ac- radio button in the Formats drawer, cess additional options, selected List make sure the Auto-Open Disc Win- View, and then burned the disc. I dow checkbox was selected, and couldn’t see how Toast could pos- then burn. It worked like a charm, sibly know what size to make the and even better, although I had window, and indeed, it wasn’t the made my Toast temporary partition size or layout that I wanted. 650 MB (roughly the size of a CD), the disc that Toast burned contained
10 11 to be wasting 650 MB of hard disk Lastly, it’s entirely possible that this space to store Toast’s disk image, whole problem is merely additional even if I had only 62 MB of data. I evidence of my obsessive-compul- could make the temporary partition sive battle with window positioning. smaller, but after all, saving space Back in 1996, I wanted to include a on disk is what sparse image files CD of software with the fourth edi- are for. On a hunch, I created a 650 tion of my “Internet Starter Kit for MB sparse image file in Disk Utility, Macintosh” book, so I bought a CD mounted it normally in the Finder, burner to make the CD. The only adjusted it as I wanted, and then problem was, as you might expect, dragged the mounted disk image to that I couldn’t get the window posi- Toast’s Data tab and burned. Perfec- tion and layout to stick the way I tion at last! Now I had a small disk wanted, and in fact, they were differ- image that I could mount easily in ent every time. This happened right the Finder by double-clicking, add at the deadline of a project that had to any time, and, with a quick drag- been fraught with troubles from the and-drop, burn quickly and exactly very start, and after hours of failed as desired in Toast. attempts, I grew so angry at the en- tire situation that Tonya called our Parting Thoughts friend Chad Magendanz (author of The Finder turns out to be fairly poor the late ShrinkWrap disk image util- at remembering window layouts for ity) to come calm me down before I disk images. To get a window to broke something. At the time, Chad retain its layout, I had to set it, was working on Microsoft’s CD titles close the window, open the window - Encarta, Cinemania, Music Central, again, set the layout again (the win- and so on - and he had lots of experi- dow had always shrunk slightly) and ence with mastering CDs. Although close and re-open again. It’s not a he wasn’t able to solve my problem, big deal, but it would be nice if the he did manage to help me cool down Finder could remember a disk image and finish off the disc. We’ve come window layout in one step. I filed a long way since then, but it seems another bug with Apple. that some problems have managed to survive all the changes. I also looked at FileStorm, from MindVision, which simplifies the task of creating discs for distribution; it has a slew of options for background images, icon positioning, automatic window opening, and so on. I couldn’t use FileStorm for my CD, since my 34 items really needed to be shown in list view, and FileStorm is designed for icon view.
10 11 The Lost Password
By Nancy Carroll Gravley
f you are reading this on your own personal Mac running OS X, then when you installed the system software and set up your MacI the very first time, you had to enter a name and a password. By so doing you were setting yourself up with an account, and by default, setting yourself up as an administrator of your machine, And as is always the case, with power goes responsibility. The ad- ministrator is the person who has the power to make systemwide changes, install updates, install applications, and generally make all the decisions about what happens on the computer. There can be more than one account with administrator privileges, but only if the original administrator, or someone that the original administrator has designated as also having administrator privileges, sets it up.
So what happens when you need to getting at the data. Depending what get into your computer and you donʼt version of the Mac OS you are running, know (or remember) the password? If follow the appropriate one of these there is more than one account on the instructions: computer with administrative privileg- If you are using Mac OS X 10.3.9 and es, another user with administrative earlier, use this method: privileges can log in, open Accounts and let you reset your password. You will have to have the Mac OS X install CD which should have come But what if there is only one account with your Mac. Following these steps andthere is absolutely no way to get shouldn’t affect your keychain or any the password. You could reinstall the of your other passwords. system software, thereby deleting • Turn off your computer and insert everything on the computer and the install CD. starting fresh, but what if that is not • Press the ʻCʼ key while you turn on an acceptable option? the Mac and hold it down until the This issue came up when a friendʼs Apple logo appears. spouse passed away. All their finan- • Select ʻReset Passwordʼ from the cial, tax, and insurance information Installer menu and choose your user- was on their computer and the auto- name. (Donʼt choose ʻSystem Admin- matic login option* (see p.5, column istratorʼ as a name.) Then follow the 1) was not activated, meaning the prompts. spouse required that the administra- If you are using Mac OS X 10.4.x tor password be entered each time “Tiger” and later, use this method: the computer was turned on. The surviving spouse asked me for help You will have to have the Mac OS X
12 13 install CD which should have come Administratorʼ as a name.) Then fol- with your Mac. Following these low the prompts. (In other words, for steps shouldnʼt affect your keychain Tiger, Apple moved several features or any of your other passwords. to a “Utilities” menu, rather than the • Turn off your computer “Installer” menu.) and insert the install CD. An obvious issue here is that if you • Press the ʻCʼ key while you can bypass your administrator pass- turn on the Mac and hold it down word then so can someone else. I until the Apple logo appears. make sure that my computer and my • Select ʻReset Passwordʼ from system installation CDs are not kept the Utilities menu and choose your in the same location. username. (Donʼt choose ʻSystem
continued from page 2 on an Intel Mac, you should have at Suite 3, which may be late 2006 or least 1 GB of memory. If you are run- early 2007. ning applications which are themselves Final Cut Pro and Apple’s other memory intensive (such as Photoshop), professional applications are due to be you should seriously consider 1.5 or 2 released in Universal form very soon, GB of memory. and will be available to existing users The memory can be upgraded by for a moderate upgrade fee. the user in an Intel iMac or MacBook Pro, but the Mac Mini must be taken to Broadband a dealer in order to install memory. All Internet connections at higher three models have two memory slots. speeds than a traditional dial-up modem The standard models of the iMac and are becoming more popular, and Tele- MacBook Pro have one slot available. com have announced some changes to The Mac Mini is supplied with both slots their ADSL (Jetstream) services which occupied and should have memory are due to arrive in April. In theory they installed as a matching pair for best are supposed to improve either the performance, so the original memory speed or the cost of existing plans, but must be removed in order to upgrade, there is a lot of debate amongst the user unless you order the machine with ad- community as to whether there really ditional memory. will be any speed improvements. Speaking of Photoshop: it is able to As I have just switched to ADSL with run under Rosetta, but performance on my ISP I’ll be watching closely. More an Intel iMac (for example) is nowhere details to follow next month. near as good as on an iMac G5. If you That’s all, folks! are using Photoshop in a professional If you wish to contact me, your best capacity, you should still be looking at option is to send E-Mail to
12 13 Statement of Financial Position for year ending December 2005
Current assets: 2005 2004 Westpac Bank 5571.25 2234.00 Interest bearing bank deposit 5366.00 Accounts receivable 231.00 Petty cash 1.00 1.00
5572.25 7832 Less current liabilities:
Accounts payable 500.00 5627.00
Net current assets 5072.25 2205.00
Fixed assets: Equipment 2112.23 3134.00 Shares in Expo Solutions Ltd 1000.00 1000.00
3112.23 4134.00
Members’ equity 8184.48 6339.00
Notes to financial statements:
1 Over the past three years, the Society has paid $5,633 on account of running MovieFest which, this year, has been established as a chari- table Trust. Subject to profits being made in the future, this amount will be recovered from MovieFest Trust. 2 Fixed assets are initially recorded at cost and written down by 40% each year (except for the investment in Expo Solutions Ltd) and are written off when the book value drops below $50. As- set values for equipment do not necessarily reflect their current values.
I certify that this financial statement together with the accompanying State- ment of Financial Position was submitted to, and approved by, members at a General Meeting held on 27 February 2006. Signed: David Empson, President
14 15 Income & Expenditure for year ending December 2005 Income: 2005 2004
Sale of DVDs 203.00 663.00 Membership: Renewals 3240.00 3300.00 New 480.00 600.00 Paper magazine fee 430.00 470.00 Interest 169.28 244.00 Equipment hire 270.00 530.00 Donation 20.00 - Supper donations: Wellington (net of expenses of $133.27) 1.33 (257.00) Kapiti 117.40 153.00 Workshops - 900.00 Miscellaneous - 71.00 4931.01 6674.00 Expenditure:
Advertising 191.25 - Meeting expenses: Venue hire - Kapiti 255.00 235.00 Venue hire - Wellington 1357.50 2813.00 Raffles 120.00 - Postage & stationery 594.20 1353.00 Web hosting 33.75 173.00 Name registration 42.75 - P O Box rental 215.00 411.00 Subscription - Wgtn Regional C of C 225.00 - Grant - MovieFest Trust (2004 net of income of $12,400) 1000.00 2648.00 Depreciation 1408.00 2009.00 Anniversary expenses (net of income of $1,000) - 1933.00 Insurance - 343.00 Miscellaneous - 77.00 5442.45.00 11995.00
Excess of expenditure over income 511.44 5321.00
Members’ equity: Balance at 1 January 6339.38 11660.00 Overprovisions - prior years 2356.54 -
Balance at 31 December 8184.48 6339.00
14 15 PO Box 6642, Marion Square Wellington, New Zealand
Meetings held 7.10 pm last Monday every month January - November Turnbull, 11 Bowen Street, Wellington
The Wellington Macintosh Society Incorporated is a non- The views expressed in this magazine are not necessarily profit organisation formed in April 1984 with the following the same as the Editor or those of the Wellington objectives: Macintosh Society Inc. as a whole. Various trademarks • To exchange and disseminate information among and tradenames used in this magazine are the property the members concerning the computer arts and of someone else. They know who they are. Copyright sciences. remains with the owner at all times. • To publish books, newsletters, magazines and Advertising rates are (members): $35 per full page; periodicals for the benefit and education of the $20 half (non-members): $50 per full page; $35 per members and the general public. half full page (Vert). For more details, please contact • To conduct and sponsor seminars, lectures and the Editor courses relating to the computer arts and sciences. Executive Members Home Ph No. • To provide technical assistance to members of the Patron Steve Wozniak group. President David Empson 475-9755 • To seek privileges and discounts for members. Vice-President Joseph Booth 526-5141 Subscriptions Secretary Graeme Moffatt (04) 905-6321 Subscriptions are $30 per year from date of joining. Treasurer Mike Griffin (04) 388-7145 Website: http://www.welmac.org.nz Magazine Editor Graeme Moffatt (04) 905-6321 Email: [email protected] WelMac Info Jim Adams 232-4270 (email addresses for committee members are available on the website) Membership Secretary Shane Gordine 477-2270 Please contact the WelMac Information Officer for all Committee Ed Hintz 233-9759 WelMac enquiries, such as meeting information and David Denton 499-1827 other society activities. Membership enquiries should be Kate Le Comte directed to Membership Secretary. Mike Welsh Lesley O'Cain Peter Kirby 478-5386