DOCSLIB.ORG

Volumes 1-10 1973-1982

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Volumes 1-10 1973-1982 American Indian Law Review Volume 10 | Number 2 1-1-1982 Volumes 1-10 1973-1982 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.ou.edu/ailr Part of the Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons Recommended Citation Volumes 1-10 1973-1982, 10 Am. Indian L. Rev. (1982), https://digitalcommons.law.ou.edu/ailr/vol10/iss2/7 This Index is brought to you for free and open access by University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in American Indian Law Review by an authorized editor of University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AMERICAN INIA Volume 10 1982 Published by University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons, 1982 INDEX TO ARTICLES VOLUMES 1-10 Aboriginal Title, Alaskan Native Equal Opportunity for Indian Chil- Property Rights, and the Case of dren-The Legal Basis for Compel- the Tee-Hit-Ton Indians. Steven ling Bilingual and Bicultural John Bloxham 8:299 Education. Roy D. Foisom 3:51 Agua Caliente Revisited: Recent Essay: Take Us By the Hand: Chal- Developments as to Zoning of In- lenges of Becoming an Indian dian Reservations. Osborne M. Lawyer, An. Rennard Strickland 2(2):47 Reynolds, Jr. 4:249 Essay: The Ignorance of Ignorance: American Indian Law and the Spirit Cultural Barriers Between Indians World. Rennard Strickland 1:33 and Non-Indians, An. William C. American Indian Policy Review Wantland 3:1 Commission: A Prospect for Evolution of the Termination Policy. Future Change in Federal Indian Charles F. Wilkinson and Eric R. Policy. Kirke Kickingbird 3:243 Biggs 5:139 American Indian Religious Freedom Friends and Enemies of the American and Cultural Resources Manage- Indian: An Essay Review on ment: Protecting Mother Earth's Native American Law and Public Caretakers. Dean B. Suagee 10:1 Policy. Rennard Strickland 3:313 Attitudes Toward the Police Among From Blood Revenge to the Light- White and Native American horsemen: Evolution of Law En- Youth. Morris A. Forslund and forcement Institutions Among the William C. Cockerham 3:419 Five Civilized Tribes to 1861. Bob Blue Lake: A Struggle for Indian L. Blackburn 8:49 Rights. John J. Bodine 1:23 Health Care for Tribal Citizens: A Bureau of Indian Affairs Reorganiza- Criticism of White v. Califano. tion Follies of 1978: A Lesson in Mario Gonzalez and J. Youngblood Bureaucratic Self-Defense, The. Henderson 7:245 Russel Lawrence Barsh 7:1 Hopi-Navaho Land Dispute. Gary L. Cheyenne-Arapaho and Alcoholism: Thompson and James M. Does the Tribe Have a Legal Right Goodman 3:397 to a Medical Remedy? Robert A. Indian and Common Law Marriages. Fairbanks 1:55 Henry H. Foster 3:83 Conflict Over Land, A. FrancisE. Indian and Inuit Family Law and the Ackerman 8:259 Canadian Legal System. Bradford Constitutional Experiences of the W. Morse 7:199 Five Civilized Tribes. Arrell M. Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978: A Gibson 2(2):17 Response to the Threat to Indian Decriminalizing Tribal Codes: A Re- Culture Caused by Foster and sponse to Oliphant. Catherine Adoptive Placements of Indian Baker Stetson 9:51 Children. Manuel P. Guerrero 7:51 Delinquency Among Wind River In- Indian Claims in the Beds of Okla- dian Reservation Youth. Ralph E. homa Watercourses. Michael M. Meyers and Morris A. Forslund 2(2):61 Gibson 4:83 Educational Assistance and Indian Education: Failure for the Employment Preference: Who Is Future? Dean Chavers 2(1):61 an Indian? Karl A. Funke 4:1 Indians and Taxation in Canada. Enforcement Strategies for Indian Richard H. Bartlett 7:185 Landlords. Gary T. Jones 2(2):41 https://digitalcommons.law.ou.edu/ailr/vol10/iss2/7 AMERICAN INDIAN LAW REVIEW [Vols. I-1I0 Introduction to the Function of a Probating Indian Estates: Con- Journal of Indian Law. M.H. queror's Court Versus Decedent Merrill 1:5 Intent. Antonia Vaznelis 10:287 Journey from Ex Parte Crow Dog to Question of Nonresident Tuition for Littlechief: A Survey of Tribal Tribal Citizens, The. J. Civil and Criminal Jurisdiction in Youngblood Henderson 4:47 Western Oklahoma, The. F. Race and Power Politics as Aspects Browning Pipestem 6:1 of Federal Guardianship Over Jurisdictional Decisions in Indian American Indians: Land-Related Law: The Importance of Extralegal Cases, 1887-1924. Nancy Carol Factors in Judical Decision Mak- Carter 4:197 ing. Philip Lee Fetzer 9:253 Rights of Reservation Parents and Jurisdiction Over Non-Indians: An Children: Cultural Survival or the Opinion of the "Opinion." John Final Termination? David T. McDermott and William R. Woodward 3:21 Baldassin 1:13 Service of Process and Execution of Legal Status of the Dakota Indian Judgment on Indian Reservations. Woman. Ruth E. Van De Mark Robert Laurence 10:257 and Shirley R. Bysiewicz 3:255 State Acquisition of Interests in In- Manifest Destiny and American In- dian Land: An Overview. Blake A. dian Religious Freedom: Se- Watson 10:219 quoyah, Badoni, and the State Taxation of Indians: Impact of Drowned Gods. Howard Stambor 10:59 the 1973 Supreme Court Decisions. Menominee Indians: Termination to David C. Johnson 2(1):l Restoration, The. Stephen J. Supreme Court, Tribal Sovereignty, Herzberg 6:143 and Continuing Problems of State Mid-Passage-The Navajo Tribe and Encroachment Into Indian Coun- Its First Legal Revolution. Stephen try, The. Clifford M. Lytle 8:65 Conn 6:329 "Terminated" Five Tribes of Okla- Mythology of the Oklahoma Indians: homa: The Effect of Federal A Survey of the Legal Status of Legislation and Administrative Indian Tribes in Oklahoma. F. Treatment on the Government of Browning Pipestem and G. the Seminole Nation. Susan Work 6:81 William Rice 6:259 Title I of the Indian Self-Determina- Native American Credit Problem. tion and Education Assistance Act Frank LaFontaine 2(1):29 of 1975. Russel Lawrence Barsh Native Americans Versus Archaeolo- and Ronald L. Trosper 3:361 gists: The Legal Issues. C. Dean Tribally Controlled Community Col- Higginbotham 10:91 lege Assistance Act of 1978: The New York-Oneida Treaty of 1795: A Failure of Federal Indian Higher Finding of Fact. Jack Campisi 4:71 Education Policy, The. Michael A. Omen: Three Affiliated Tribes v. Olivas 9:219 Moe and the Future of Tribal Self- Unraveling the Riddle of Aboriginal government. Russel Lawrence Title. J. Youngblood Henderson 4:47 Barsh 5:1 What is an "Indian Tribe"?-The Politics as Law: The Cherokee Cases. Question of Tribal Existence. L.R. William F. Swindler 1:7 Weatherhead 8:1 Politics, Bureaucracy, and the Bogus What Price Progress? Uranium Pro- Administration of Indian Commis- duction on Indian Lands in the San sioner Lewis Vital Bogy, Juan Basin. Lise Young 9:1 1866-1867. William E. Unrau 5:185 Published by University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons, 1982 1973-19831 INDEX TO ARTICLES William 0. Douglas, the Supreme Zoning the Reservation-Village of Court, and American Indians. Euclid Meets Agua Caliente. Robert H. Keller, Jr. 3:333 Osborne M. Reynolds, Jr. 2(2):1 https://digitalcommons.law.ou.edu/ailr/vol10/iss2/7 INDEX TO AUTHORS VOLUMES 1-10 Ackerman, Francis E. A Conflict Fairbanks, Robert A. Cheyenne- Over Land 8:259 Arapaho and Alcoholism: Does the Baldassin, Willim R. (with McDer- Tribe Have a Legal Right to a mott). Jurisdiction Over Non- Medical Remedy? 1:55 Indians-An Opinion of the Fetzer, Philip Lee. Jurisdictional "Opinion" 1:13 Decisionsin Indian Law: The Im- Barsh, Russel Lawrence. The B.I.A. portance of Extralegal Factors in Reorganization Folliesof 1978: A Judicial Decision Making 9:253 Lesson in Bureaucratic Folsom, Roy D. Equal Opportunity Self-Defense 7:1 for Indian Children-The Legal - (with Trosper). Title I of the Basisfor Compelling Bilingual and Indian Self-Determination and Bicultural Education 3:51 EducationAssistance Act of 1975 3:361 Forslund, Morris A. (with Cocker- Bartlett, Richard H. Indians and ham). Attitudes Toward the Police Taxation in Canada 7:185 Among White and Native Biggs, Eric R. (with Wilkinson), American Youth 3:419 Evolution of the Termination -. (with Meyers). Delinquency Policy 5:139 Among Wind River Indian Reser- Blackburn, Bob L. From Blood Re- vation Youth 2(2):61 venge to the Lighthorsemen: Foster, Henry H. Indian and Com- Evolution of Law Enforcement In- mon Law Marriages 3:83 stitutionsAmong the Five Civilized Funke, Karl A. EducationalAssist- Tribes to 1861 8:49 ance andEmployment Preference: Bloxham, Steven John. Aboriginal Who is an Indian? 4:1 Title, Alaskan Native Property Gibson, Arrell M. ConstitutionalEx- Rights, and the Case of the Tee- periences of the Five Civilized Hit-Ton Indians 8:299 Tribes 2(2):17 Bodine, John J. Blue Lake: A Gibson, Michael M. Indian Claims in Struggle for Indian Rights 1:23 the Beds of Oklahoma Bysiewicz, Shirley R. (with Van De Watercourses 4:83 Mark). Legal Status of the Dakota Gonzalez, Mario (with Henderson). Indian Women 3:255 Health Carefor Tribal Citizens: A Campisi, Jack. New York-Oneida Criticism of White v. Califano 7:245 Treaty of 1795: A Findingof Fact 4:71 Goodman, James M. (with Thomp- Carter, Nancy Carol. Race and son). Hopi-Navaho Land Dispute 3:397 Power Politics as Aspects of Guerrero, Manuel P. Indian Child Federal Guardianship Over Welfare Act of 1978: A Response American Indians: Land-Related to the Threat to Indian Culture Cases, 1887-1924 4:197 Caused by Foster and Adoptive Chavers, Dean. Indian Education: Placements of Indian Children 7:51 Failurefor the Future? 2(1):61 Henderson, J. Youngblood (with Cockerham, William C. (with Fors- Gonzalez). Health Carefor Tribal lund). Attitudes Toward the Police Citizens: A Criticism of White v. Among White and Native American Calfano 7:245 Youth 3:419 __ The Question ofNonresident Conn, Stephen.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • How Did Law, Order, and Growth Develop in Oklahoma?
    Chapter How did law, order, and growth develop 10 in Oklahoma? Where did the name “Oklahoma” originate? In 1866, the U.S. and Five Civilized Tribes signed the Reconstruction treaties. That was when Choctaw Chief Allen Wright coined the word “Oklahoma.” He made it from two Choctaw words, “okla” and “humma,” meaning “Land of the Red Man.” He meant it for the eastern half of Indian Terri- tory, the home of the five tribes. In later years, however, “Oklaho- ma country” became the common name for the Unassigned Lands. It was 1890 when the western half of the old Indian Territory became the Territory of Oklahoma. What was provisional government? On April 23, 1889, the day after the Land Run, settlers met in Oklahoma City and Guthrie to set up temporary governments. Other towns followed suit. Soon all the towns on the prairie had a type of skeleton government, usually run by a mayor. Homesteaders also chose town marshals and school boards. They chose committees to resolve dispute over land claims. Sur- veyors mapped out Guthrie and Oklahoma City. There were dis- putes about an unofficial government making official property Allen Wright Oklahoma Historical lines, but, later, the surveys were declared legal. Today, they remain the Society basis for land titles in those cities. The temporary or provisional governments were indeed “unof- ficial.” They succeeded only because the majority of people agreed to their authority. Not everyone agreed, however, and crime was hard to control. Often troops from Fort Reno closed the gap between order and disorder. The army’s presence controlled violence enough to keep set- tlers there.
    [Show full text]
  • Ally, the Okla- Homa Story, (University of Oklahoma Press 1978), and Oklahoma: a History of Five Centuries (University of Oklahoma Press 1989)
    Oklahoma History 750 The following information was excerpted from the work of Arrell Morgan Gibson, specifically, The Okla- homa Story, (University of Oklahoma Press 1978), and Oklahoma: A History of Five Centuries (University of Oklahoma Press 1989). Oklahoma: A History of the Sooner State (University of Oklahoma Press 1964) by Edwin C. McReynolds was also used, along with Muriel Wright’s A Guide to the Indian Tribes of Oklahoma (University of Oklahoma Press 1951), and Don G. Wyckoff’s Oklahoma Archeology: A 1981 Perspective (Uni- versity of Oklahoma, Archeological Survey 1981). • Additional information was provided by Jenk Jones Jr., Tulsa • David Hampton, Tulsa • Office of Archives and Records, Oklahoma Department of Librar- ies • Oklahoma Historical Society. Guide to Oklahoma Museums by David C. Hunt (University of Oklahoma Press, 1981) was used as a reference. 751 A Brief History of Oklahoma The Prehistoric Age Substantial evidence exists to demonstrate the first people were in Oklahoma approximately 11,000 years ago and more than 550 generations of Native Americans have lived here. More than 10,000 prehistoric sites are recorded for the state, and they are estimated to represent about 10 percent of the actual number, according to archaeologist Don G. Wyckoff. Some of these sites pertain to the lives of Oklahoma’s original settlers—the Wichita and Caddo, and perhaps such relative latecomers as the Kiowa Apache, Osage, Kiowa, and Comanche. All of these sites comprise an invaluable resource for learning about Oklahoma’s remarkable and diverse The Clovis people lived Native American heritage. in Oklahoma at the Given the distribution and ages of studies sites, Okla- homa was widely inhabited during prehistory.
    [Show full text]
  • Allotment in Indian Territory: Student Reading
    ALLOTMENT IN INDIAN TERRITORY: STUDENT READING Allotment was the U.S. government’s policy of dividing up communally owned tribal land into individually owned pieces of private property. There were several reasons why advocates for allotment supported the policy. First, many White Americans considered Native American ways of life, including their collective use of land, to be “backward,” believing that individual ownership of private property was an essential element of “civilization” or the assimilation of Native peoples. Second, many thought that Native Americans had too much land and would rather see their lands opened up for White settlement and industries such as railroads, mining, and forestry. Additionally, as Oklahoma and Indian territories were being prepared for statehood, allotment would dissolve the authority of tribal governments and change land ownership from communal to private. Both of those conditions were necessary to turn Indian and Oklahoma territories into a state. Advocates for allotment eventually succeeded in persuading the U.S. government to adopt the policy. In 1887, Congress passed the General Allotment Act, which also became known as the Dawes Act. It was named for Senator Henry Dawes, an ardent supporter of allotment. The Dawes Act allowed tribal land to be surveyed and the area divided into individual parcels that were usually 160 acres or less. Individual Native Americans either were permitted to select pieces of land (personal allotments) for themselves and their children or were assigned tracts by the U.S. government. After designating all necessary allotments, the U.S. government could purchase any land that remained unassigned. As a result, millions of acres were either ceded or sold to the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Cherokee Tribal Architecture, 1839-1907 Ellen Dement Hurd A
    Rebuilding a Nation: Cherokee Tribal Architecture, 1839-1907 Ellen Dement Hurd A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Architecture University of Washington 2019 Committee: Jeffrey Ochsner Louisa Iarocci Program authorized to offer degree: Department of Architecture ©Copyright 2019 Ellen Dement Hurd University of Washington Abstract Rebuilding a Nation: Cherokee Tribal Architecture, 1839-1907 Ellen Dement Hurd Chair of Supervisory Committee Professor Jeffrey K. Ochsner Department of Architecture The Cherokee Nation was forcibly relocated from their ancestral homeland in the American southeast to Indian Territory (in what is now the State of Oklahoma) in 1839. This thesis discusses the architectural history of the administrative and institutional buildings constructed by the tribal government in the Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory. This analysis covers the period between 1839 to 1907, encompassing the years between the establishment of the Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory and the admittance of the state of Oklahoma to the Union. In this period, the Cherokee Nation engaged in a process of acculturation both socially and architecturally, selectively adapting building forms drawn from Euro-American cultural traditions. This thesis argues that the Cherokee Nation used Euro-American architectural styles to demonstrate the tribe’s ability to govern themselves according to the standards of the United States and, therefore, their right to retain political autonomy. Hurd i Table
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Churches and the Methodist Episcopal Church South in Oklahoma, 1865-1939
    UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE “CAPTURE THESE INDIANS FOR THE LORD”: INDIAN CHURCHES AND THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH SOUTH IN OKLAHOMA, 1865-1939 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By Tash B. Smith Norman, Oklahoma 2010 “CAPTURE THESE INDIANS FOR THE LORD”: INDIAN CHURCHES AND THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH SOUTH IN OKLAHOMA, 1865-1939 A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY Professor Warren Metcalf, Chair Professor Albert Hurtado Professor Fay Yarbrough Professor Robert Griswold Professor Gus Palmer © Copyright by Tash B. Smith 2010 All Rights Reserved. Acknowledgments Distilling years of work, assistance, and thanks into a few pages of acknowledgements is difficult. My immediate gratitude is to the Department of History at the University of Oklahoma and my dissertation advisor, Dr. Warren Metcalf, whose advice and critique struck the right balance of honesty and humor. Dr. Metcalf gave me ample room to pursue my own ideas in this process and enough support to realize I could be a serviceable scholar. I must also thank Albert Hurtado, Robert Griswold, Peter Cahn, Fay Yarbrough, and Gus Palmer, all of whom served on my committee at various points and offered their time and comments in order to make this a better research project and dissertation. I would especially like to thank Elyssa Faison for her subtle influence throughout this dissertation. I may have been far removed from her own field of study, but she provided an excellent example as both a scholar and teacher. That I write this of her even after she made me read Homi Bhabha in seminar is a sign of my respect for her as an individual.
    [Show full text]
  • Way Down Yonder in the Indian Nations, Rode My Pony Cross the Reservation from Oklahoma Hills by Woody Guthrie
    Tulsa Law Review Volume 29 Issue 2 Native American Symposia Winter 1993 Way Down Yonder in the Indian Nations, Rode My Pony Cross the Reservation from Oklahoma Hills by Woody Guthrie Kirke Kickingbird Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/tlr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Kirke Kickingbird, Way Down Yonder in the Indian Nations, Rode My Pony Cross the Reservation from Oklahoma Hills by Woody Guthrie, 29 Tulsa L. J. 303 (2013). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/tlr/vol29/iss2/14 This Native American Symposia Articles is brought to you for free and open access by TU Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Tulsa Law Review by an authorized editor of TU Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Kickingbird: Way Down Yonder in the Indian Nations, Rode My Pony Cross the Res "WAY DOWN YONDER IN THE INDIAN NATIONS, RODE MY PONY CROSS THE RESERVATION!" FROM "OKLAHOMA HILLS" BY WOODY GUTHRIE Kirke Kickingbirdt I. INTRODUCTION "Way down yonder in the Indian Nations, rode my pony cross the reservation, in those Oklahoma hills where I was born...." So begins one of the 1,000 songs written by balladeer Woody Guthrie. The In- dian Nations of which he writes are the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chicka- saw, Creek and Seminole. The phrase refers to both the tribes themselves and the lands which they occupy. An observer of the tribal-state conflicts in Oklahoma over the last century might conclude that the song seems to be based primarily on nostalgia rather than on any sense of legal reality.
    [Show full text]
  • Req. No. 7808 Page 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 STATE of OKLAHOMA 1St Session of the 51St Le
    1 STATE OF OKLAHOMA 2 1st Session of the 51st Legislature (2007) 3 HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 1030 By: Wesselhoft of the House 4 and 5 Eason McIntyre of the 6 Senate 7 8 9 AS INTRODUCED 10 A Concurrent Resolution declaring November 16, 2007, as Oklahoma’s 100th birthday; cherishing and 11 reflecting on Oklahoma’s first one hundred years; and directing distribution. 12 13 14 WHEREAS, Oklahoma, for more than her century’s formal 15 existence, has become a symbol of great promise achieved through 16 arduous work! Her courageous and tenacious inhabitants, with 17 unmatched survival skills, have been endued with a great pioneering 18 spirit. It is with such qualities that we approach our state’s 19 centennial, and with such advantages that we go forward in the next 20 century to even greater accomplishments; and 21 WHEREAS, Oklahoma is larger than many of the great nations of 22 the planet, including Belgium, the Netherlands, Greece, Ireland or 23 Great Britain; and 24 Req. No. 7808 Page 1 1 WHEREAS, in earlier centuries, Spain, France and England laid 2 claim to what is now Oklahoma. Fourteen flags would eventually fly 3 over our red clay land; and 4 WHEREAS, several Indian tribes, including the Quapaw, Choctaw 5 and Osage, rightfully laid claim to areas of the future State of 6 Oklahoma. The Osage in northeastern Oklahoma’s tall grass prairies; 7 Quapaw in eastern Oklahoma, ravaged by measles, smallpox and other 8 European diseases; the Wichita and Caddo in the southwest; and the 9 Plains Apache and Comanche living in western Oklahoma all lived here 10 and worked the land; and 11 WHEREAS, the Indian tribes and white settlers established farms 12 and towns, and trappers and traders came here to hunt fur-bearing 13 animals which they supplied to both Indians and others; and 14 WHEREAS, with the forced removal of the Five Civilized Tribes 15 from the eastern states, the Choctaw, Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw and 16 Seminole made their new home in Indian Territory.
    [Show full text]
  • Indians, Homesteaders and Molecular Biologists
    Indians, Homesteaders and Molecular Biologists A History of Biochemistry and the Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology of the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center John R. Sokatch George Lynn Cross Research Professor Emeritus Copyrighted by the Regents of the University of Oklahoma, 2001 Preface The University of Oklahoma Medical School is nearing its 100th anniversary as a separate program of the University and the Department of Biochemistry was founded just over 75 years ago. The science of biochemistry has assumed a central position in all of the biological sciences – even taxonomy. The time has come to document the history of Biochemistry at the Medical School before some of these memories are lost. Much of this history will include histories of Oklahoma, of the Norman campus of the University, politics of Oklahoma, history of the Medical School and some of the big picture of the science of biochemistry because all of these had an impact on the development of the Department. The Medical School began on the Norman Campus where Biochemistry (at that time called Physiological Chemistry) was taught by the Chemistry Department of the University. Paul Weigel suggested the idea for a history of the Department. Without his support this treatise would not have been completed. I had no idea how interesting the project would turn out to be, but maybe Paul did which is why he made the suggestion. I would especially like to thank Joyce Anderson and Paul for their valuable service in editing the manuscript. I would also like to thank Joyce Anderson and Judith Britt who provided the administrative support needed.
    [Show full text]
  • Statehood in 1907
    722 Oklahoma Almanac change their culture. In 1887 Congress passed the Dawes Allotment Act, which provided for dividing the reservations. Government agents were to assign each tribal member a 160–acre homestead–an allotment. Any land remaining was declared surplus, and this surplus land was to be opened to settlement by homesteaders. At this time the Dawes Act did not apply to the Five Civilized Tribes. By 1906 all of Oklahoma west of the territory of the Five Civilized Tribes had been opened to settlement. The Indian reservations had been changed to counties in the new Oklahoma Territory. Homesteaders received farms in Oklahoma Territory by land runs and a lottery. The first portion of Indian Territory opened to settlement was the Unassigned Lands, a 2 million- acre tract in the center of Indian Territory. Only about 10,000 claims of 160 acres each remained, so in order to give all homeseekers an equal chance, officials decided to open the Unassigned Lands by a land run. On April 22, 1889, more than 50,000 homeseekers ran to stake their claim, and by evening, every homestead had been staked and town lots in Guthrie, Kingfisher, Oklahoma City, and Norman were claimed. Nearly 1,000 blacks made the Run of 1889. Most were from the South and many obtained homesteads. Langston was an all-black town established by these pioneers. Other land runs were held in 1891 in central Indian Territory; in 1892 in the Cheyenne and Arapaho reservations; and in 1893, the largest land run in history opened the Cherokee Outlet. The final land run was in 1895 when the Kickapoo reservation was opened for settlement.
    [Show full text]
  • The Civil War and Reconstruction in Indian Territory 1St Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    THE CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION IN INDIAN TERRITORY 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Bradley R Clampitt | 9780803277274 | | | | | The Civil War and Reconstruction in Indian Territory 1st edition PDF Book White settlers continued to flood into Indian country. One component of assimilation would be the distribution of property held in-common by the tribe to individual members of the tribe. On December 26, , Confederate forces again attacked, this time driving Opothleyahola and his people to Kansas during a snowstorm. Home Guard U. The main objective of the expedition was to escort the Indian refugees who had fled to Kansas back to their homes in the Indian Territory; a secondary objective was to hold the territory for the Union. By many plains tribes had made peace with each other and developed Plains Indian Sign Language as a means of communicate with their allies. During the Civil War, Congress gave the U. Page Kagama, U. Retrieved December 27, They also brought their African slaves to Oklahoma, which added to the African American population in the state. This would initiate an Organic Act which established a three-part territorial government. Google Books Full text available at Google Books. The governor and judiciary were appointed by the President of the United States, while the legislature was elected by citizens residing in the territory. The tribe was once part of the Caddoan Mississippian culture and thought to be an extension of woodland period peoples who started inhabiting the area around BCE. The Reconstruction era treaties provided an excuse for the Osage to be moved to an area in Oklahoma Territory.
    [Show full text]
  • The Five Civilized Tribes' Treaty Rights to Water Quality and Mechanisms Of
    THE FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES’ TREATY RIGHTS TO WATER QUALITY AND MECHANISMS OF ENFORCEMENT JOEL WEST WILLIAMS* INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 270 I. THE IMPORTANCE OF ENFORCEABLE WATER QUALITY RIGHTS FOR THE FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES ...................................... 271 II. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES ..... 273 III. THE FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES’ WATER RIGHTS ......................... 277 A. State Water Rights ........................................................... 278 B. Tribal Water Rights ......................................................... 280 C. Distinguishing Features of the Five Civilized Tribes’ Water Rights .................................................................... 284 D. Does This Bundle of Rights Include a Right to Water Quality? ........................................................................... 291 1. Water Quality Rights Under a Reserved Water Rights Approach ......................................................... 291 2. Rights to Water Quality Under General Water Law Principles .................................................................... 294 3. To What Level of Water Quality are the Tribes Entitled? ...................................................................... 295 E. Were the Treaty Rights Abrogated? ................................ 296 IV. ENFORCEMENT OF THE FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES’ TREATY RIGHTS ......................................................................................... 299 A. Utilizing
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of the Legal Status of Indian Tribes in Oklahoma G
    University of Tulsa College of Law TU Law Digital Commons Articles, Chapters in Books and Other Contributions to Scholarly Works 1979 The yM thology of the Oklahoma Indians: A Survey of the Legal Status of Indian Tribes in Oklahoma G. William Rice Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/fac_pub Part of the Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons Recommended Citation 6 Am. Indian L. Rev. 259 (1979). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by TU Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles, Chapters in Books and Other Contributions to Scholarly Works by an authorized administrator of TU Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE MYTHOLOGY OF THE OKLAHOMA INDIANS: A SURVEY OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF INDIAN TRIBES IN OKLAHOMA F. Browning Pipestem * and G. William Rice *" Perhaps the most basic principle of all Indian law, sup- ported by a host of decisions... is the principle that those powers which are lawfully vested in an Indian tribe are not, in general, delegatedpowers granted by express acts of Con- gress, but rather inherent powers of a limited sovereignty which has never been extinguished.... What is not expressly limited remains within the domain of tribalsovereignty....' Introduction The nature of the federal government's role within the American federal system has changed significantly with the adoption of the "New Federalism" strategy or approach to the delivery of federal programs. New Federalism basically propounds a shift in the balance of governmental decision making away from the federal complex in Washington toward the exercise of these respon- sibilities on the local level by local general purpose government.
    [Show full text]