DOCSLIB.ORG

Suwannee Suwannee

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Suwannee Suwannee What Makes North Florida Springs North Florida’S …and the isappearing ivers prings o nticing S therein… S Enticing D R ften crystal blue, butS sometimes the color ike brilliant aquamarineE gems, Florida’s natural springs adorn natural springs are always a wonder. Springs occur when water the landscape throughout the Suwannee River region, exudi n their journey to the Gulf of Mexico, most rivers in pressure causes a natural flow of groundwater ontoof tea, the Northearth’s Florida’ssurface a mystique that has lur north central Florida begin in the gently sloping As rain filters down into ed man for centuries. ng highlands of Georgia and North Florida. From there rainwater slowly dissolve the aquifer’sFloridan limestone.aquifer system, This natural can create acids large in the At once tranquil and translucent, dark and deep, these dazzling pools they wander and loop south and west before cracks, cavities and tunnels through which groundwater flows. have enticed the curious, from ancient Indians to present-day cave divers. crossing over an ancient feature known as the ofof Revered for their “healing” properties, these mineral springs onc Cody Scarp, a prehistoric shoreline that now As rainwater enters or “recharges” the aquifer, pressure is placed on the people of every race and culture suffering from arthritis, rheumatism and separates the higher elevations of the Northern water already there. This pressure moves water through the aquifer through crack other chronic conditions. Some were later converted into posh healthe attracted Highlands from the lower Gulf Coastal Lowlands. thethe to the surface ats and places tunnels, called and springs. sometimes this water flows out naturally resorts by shrewd businessmen. While crossing the Cody Scarp, rivers “sink” below the early Indian villages or Spanish missi As historic sites of earth’s surface, disappearing into the limestone caverns of When the openings are large, spring flow may these clear, natural pools today are protected and ons, many of the Floridan Aquifer before they “rise” again in the Gulf become the source of rivers such as the preserved for public recreation. uwanneeuwannee Coastal Lowlands. Ichetucknee. Other springs, such as Manatee, The Santa Fe is one such river. It sinks below the surface Fanning, Troy, and Madison Blue Cool in the summer and wa contribute nea S rm in the winter, the in O’Leno State Park and rises back to the surface three miles southwest of rly 368 million S springs attract creatures great and small, from the gallons per day to the tiny endanger the sink, just outside the Town of High Springs. The three-mile interruption in ed sand grain snail to the giant, gentle Suwannee River. manatee. Albino crayfish and shrimp, adapted only for cave existence, the river — created by the sinking and rising water — provides a natural bridge over which man and animal have crossed for centuries. navigate blindly through the underwater caverns. Gulf sturgeon, a federal When rivers flood, the pressure created by rising threatened species, use the springs as resting places during their migrati The Suwannee is the only river in the region that does not rise and fall in floodwaters causes man up the Suwannee River to spawn. relation to the Cody Scarp, although it may have done so in the past. Through Falmouth Spring in Suwanneey springs County to reverse is one flow. spring which does this regularly. on time, this ancient river has eroded a 30-foot deep channel into the limestone North Florida’s springs have a rich and fascinating past; their futu formation between the Okefenokee Swamp in Georgia and the Gulf of Mexico. to be determined. Popularity sometimes breeds problems such as erosion Springs tell us a lot about current hydrologic trends and human impacts on our water and pollution. As you visit and enjoy these natural wonde re is yet your part to preserve and protect them. Remember to stay on designated flow may indicate drought co supplies. Low spring excessive groundwater withdrawals. paths and walkways. Avoid disturbing plants and animals thatrs, please live in do and nditions, or it may signal around the springs. Take care not to discard trash on the shore or in the water. Above all, be good stewards of what Marjorie Stoneman Douglas so aptly called “bowls of liquid light.” ineaments are surface expressions es of linear geologic featur ave ountry that can be mapped C C using satellite imagery he Suwannee River valley is known to inkholesinkholes or aerial photography. SS In Florida, lineaments divers and spelunkers around the world as with the ore sinkholes occur in Florida than in any other state, and many are associatedfractures in “Cave Country.” The region’s warm climate, subsurface North Florida lakes once began as sinkholes. Sinkholes come in clear, refreshing springs and spectacular cave the limestone r.that These make systems make it one of the world’s premier all sizes and shapes. Some look like big bowls, while others look more like up the aquife arstarst shafts, or “chimneys.” Some are shallow, yet others are deep enough to lead lineaments influence the KK destinations for underwater explorers. Nearly directly to the aquifer. direction of groundwater 100 miles of underwater cave systems have flow and spring flow. opographyopography been mapped by volunteer divers since the Sinkholes are unpredictable, and may form gradually or suddenly; Each line in the map T Teep below the ground in F first Florida cave divers explored Silver Springs but they all develop in basically the same way. As rainwater seeps represents a lineament. lorida lorida has one of the largest lies a layer of porous limestone in 1953. into the ground, acid in the water dissolves the thick layers of concentrations of freshwater springs or dolostone known as the F underground limestone that underlie the entire state. This creates Aquifer. This aquifer is the primaryloridan source Expansive tunnels and cavities (“rooms”) in the world (nearly 600), and almost big, empty underground cavities. If the layers of sand and dirt of Florida’s drinking water. half of those are found within the in the underground limestone which sit on top of the limestone fall into these cavities, the largest aquifers It is one of Suwannee Basin. in the aquifer may be as tall as a 10-story the result is a sinkhole. United States, extending building and hundreds of yards across Florida and through parts Sixty-five million gallons of water per day flow across. Connected by systems of long, of Georgia, Alabama and South from each of North Florida’s 21 first magnitude adjoining passageways, these rooms often are springs because they discharge an average of 100 Carolina. Above SWALE aterater ualityuality and below the large enough for scuba divers to swim through, SINK aquifer are other layers of gravel, HOLE W Q cubic feet or more water per second. Springs are W Q sand, clay, dolom or to drive DPVs (driver propulsion vehicles) classified using a discharge ite or limestone. through. prings are a “window” into the aquifer from which they flow. The system devised by the Divers enter the underwater caves through water quality of a spring reflects the overall condition of the aquifer. United States In some places, the spring heads, sinkholes, and on rare occasions, Springs flow from the Floridan aquifer system, the source of most of Geological Floridan Aquifer’s limestone la through “swallow holes” or siphons. These the drinking water in the region. Survey in yers are thousands EXTENSIVE of feet thi openings are easily accessible to divers because ck; in ot SOLUTION 1927. hers, the layers Rock, soil and land-use characteristics in the areas that recharge the are many are located on public lands, within ACTIVITY shallow. Water is a IN CAVE AND ble to flow SPRING aquifer and springs can have an impact on water quality. Many First-magnitude springs through th LIMESTONE e limestone’s many navigable waterways, or in privately owned kinds of water-soluble materials can enter the aquifer discharge interconnected holes and empty spaces. commercial parks that encourage cave diving. when rainwater recharges the aquifer. Soluble 64 million gallons of water or more per day — The result is a unique an d complex terrain materials found naturally in groundwater include or 100 cubic feet per second that scientists call “k STREAM arst” topograp CAVERNOUS — land who hy *Note: Proof of certification by a recognized training agency UNDERWAT minerals such as iron, calcium, magnesium and se shape is in ER SPRIN fluenced by the G Second-magnitude springs discharge dissolving of und such as the National Association for Cave Diving or the he Advance carbonate. erground limesto d Stages between 6.4 and 64 million gallons of water layers. ne National Speleological Society’s Cave Diving interconn of Karst F ected passages ormations. Section is required for access to all or all of prio that form Limestone per day — or between 10 and 100 cubic feet per r sur undergr has wel Different kinds of land uses can introduce potentially cave sites. sinkholes. face draina ound drainage systemsl developed Ca ge. Overbu second ves may fo rden has collapsed which harmful soluble materials such as pesticides and nitrates. limestone rm. The land into captur Third-magnitude springs discharge ’s voids. Gi surfa cavities e much examples of caverno nnie Springs, ce has been lo forming swal Once in the aquifer, these materials can flow with the Falmouth Spr wered due to es or between 0.64 and 6.4 million gallons of water us underwater loss of Florida Geo ings and Li sand into ground water over long distances, finding their way logical Survey springs that occur in N ttle River Springs the per day — or between 1 and 10 cubic feet S.P.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Suwannee River State Park
    HISTORY AND NATURE SUWANNEE RIVER The park contains over 1,800 acres of natural STATE PARK Florida with many features such as sinks, streams, 3631 201st Path SUWANNEE RIVER springs, limestone outcroppings and the rivers. Live Oak, FL 32060 STATE PARK The park has an abundance of plant and animal 386-362-2746 species including gopher tortoise, fox, deer, song Where the scenic Withlacoochee birds, wildflowers and diverse native forests. The joins the historic Suwannee protected Gulf Sturgeon and other fishes and reptiles are abundant in the river. PARK GUIDELINES Early use by Native Americans dates back some • Hours are 8 a.m. until sunset, 365 days a year. 12,000 years. While under Spanish control, the • An entrance fee is required. passage of De Soto’s party occurred in 1540. During • All plants, animals and park property are 1818 Andrew Jackson lead American forces through protected. Collection, destruction or disturbance this area searching for Indian strongholds, believed is prohibited. responsible for raiding settlers. • Pets are permitted in designated areas only. Pets Vestiges of history in the park show how important must be kept on a handheld leash no longer the Suwannee River was to Florida history. One can than six feet and well-behaved at all times. find an earthworks mound built during the Civil • Fishing, boating and fires are allowed in War to defend the railroad crossing that supplied designated areas only. A Florida fishing license confederate troops. The Battle of Olustee in may be required. February 1864 turned back Union forces heading west to destroy this bridge.
    [Show full text]
  • Streamflow Maps of Georgia's Major Rivers
    GEORGIA STATE DIVISION OF CONSERVATION DEPARTMENT OF MINES, MINING AND GEOLOGY GARLAND PEYTON, Director THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Information Circular 21 STREAMFLOW MAPS OF GEORGIA'S MAJOR RIVERS by M. T. Thomson United States Geological Survey Prepared cooperatively by the Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C. ATLANTA 1960 STREAMFLOW MAPS OF GEORGIA'S MAJOR RIVERS by M. T. Thomson Maps are commonly used to show the approximate rates of flow at all localities along the river systems. In addition to average flow, this collection of streamflow maps of Georgia's major rivers shows features such as low flows, flood flows, storage requirements, water power, the effects of storage reservoirs and power operations, and some comparisons of streamflows in different parts of the State. Most of the information shown on the streamflow maps was taken from "The Availability and use of Water in Georgia" by M. T. Thomson, S. M. Herrick, Eugene Brown, and others pub­ lished as Bulletin No. 65 in December 1956 by the Georgia Department of Mines, Mining and Geo­ logy. The average flows reported in that publication and sho\vn on these maps were for the years 1937-1955. That publication should be consulted for detailed information. More recent streamflow information may be obtained from the Atlanta District Office of the Surface Water Branch, Water Resources Division, U. S. Geological Survey, 805 Peachtree Street, N.E., Room 609, Atlanta 8, Georgia. In order to show the streamflows and other features clearly, the river locations are distorted slightly, their lengths are not to scale, and some features are shown by block-like patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Consumption Guidelines: Rivers & Creeks
    FRESHWATER FISH CONSUMPTION GUIDELINES: RIVERS & CREEKS NO RESTRICTIONS ONE MEAL PER WEEK ONE MEAL PER MONTH DO NOT EAT NO DATA Bass, LargemouthBass, Other Bass, Shoal Bass, Spotted Bass, Striped Bass, White Bass, Bluegill Bowfin Buffalo Bullhead Carp Catfish, Blue Catfish, Channel Catfish,Flathead Catfish, White Crappie StripedMullet, Perch, Yellow Chain Pickerel, Redbreast Redhorse Redear Sucker Green Sunfish, Sunfish, Other Brown Trout, Rainbow Trout, Alapaha River Alapahoochee River Allatoona Crk. (Cobb Co.) Altamaha River Altamaha River (below US Route 25) Apalachee River Beaver Crk. (Taylor Co.) Brier Crk. (Burke Co.) Canoochee River (Hwy 192 to Lotts Crk.) Canoochee River (Lotts Crk. to Ogeechee River) Casey Canal Chattahoochee River (Helen to Lk. Lanier) (Buford Dam to Morgan Falls Dam) (Morgan Falls Dam to Peachtree Crk.) * (Peachtree Crk. to Pea Crk.) * (Pea Crk. to West Point Lk., below Franklin) * (West Point dam to I-85) (Oliver Dam to Upatoi Crk.) Chattooga River (NE Georgia, Rabun County) Chestatee River (below Tesnatee Riv.) Chickamauga Crk. (West) Cohulla Crk. (Whitfield Co.) Conasauga River (below Stateline) <18" Coosa River <20" 18 –32" (River Mile Zero to Hwy 100, Floyd Co.) ≥20" >32" <18" Coosa River <20" 18 –32" (Hwy 100 to Stateline, Floyd Co.) ≥20" >32" Coosa River (Coosa, Etowah below <20" Thompson-Weinman dam, Oostanaula) ≥20" Coosawattee River (below Carters) Etowah River (Dawson Co.) Etowah River (above Lake Allatoona) Etowah River (below Lake Allatoona dam) Flint River (Spalding/Fayette Cos.) Flint River (Meriwether/Upson/Pike Cos.) Flint River (Taylor Co.) Flint River (Macon/Dooly/Worth/Lee Cos.) <16" Flint River (Dougherty/Baker Mitchell Cos.) 16–30" >30" Gum Crk.
    [Show full text]
  • Okefenokee Swamp Hydrology
    OKEFENOKEE SWAMP HYDROLOGY Cynthia S. Loftin' AUTHOR: 'Graduate Research Assistant-Ph.D. Candidate, USGS-BRD Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0450. REFERENCE: Proceedings of the 1997 Georgia Water Resources Conference, held 20-22 March 1997, at the University of Georgia, Kathryn J. Hatcher, Editor, Institute of Ecology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. Abstract. The Okefenokee Swamp is one of North topographic relief is minimal The swamp is a bowl-like America's largest freshwater wetlands. Swamp hydrology depression in the landscape with the trend in ground surface is largely controlled by precipitation and elevation from 38.4 m at Kingfisher Landing in the evapotranspiration; regional topographic features of the Northeast to 33.0 m in the area where the Suwannee River swamp control surface water movements. Manipulations to exits the swamp in the West to 34.75 m at Ellicott's Mound the swamp topography and vegetation communities during in the Southeast near the St. Mary's River outflow. Within this century have affected water movement and variability the swamp are regional topographic highs on large sand- in parts of the swamp. Changes in swamp hydrology since based islands and lows in large prairies. The prairies also the construction of the Suwannee River Sill are generally contain local topographic highs on peat-based islands that restricted to the West Central area bounded by the Pocket, may rise a meter above the surrounding inundated peat Billy's Island, Craven's Island, Minnie's Island, and surface.
    [Show full text]
  • Quick Reference Fact Sheet
    Okefenokee at a Glance The Okefenokee Swamp is located in Ware, Charlton, and Clinch Counties, Georgia and Baker County, Florida. Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge was established by Executive Order in 1936. The Okefenokee Swamp covers 438,000 acres. It is 38 miles in length at its longest point by 25 miles in width at its widest point. The swamp is approximately 700 square miles. The Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge is over 402,000 acres. The wilderness area consists of 353,981 acres and was created by the Okefenokee Wilderness Act of 1974 which is part of the Wilderness Preservation System. Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge is the largest National Wildlife Refuge in the eastern United States. It is administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service which is under the Department of the Interior. The Okefenokee Swamp is approximately 7000 years old. It is a vast peat-filled bog inside a huge, saucer-shaped depression that was once part of the ocean floor. The elevation of the swamp varies. There is a 25 foot drop from the northwest side to the southwest side. The range in elevation is from 128 feet above sea level on the northeast side to 103 feet on the southwest side. The vegetative indicator of the natural swamp line is the presence of the saw palmetto. The Suwannee River is the principle outlet of the swamp. The Suwannee flows from the west side of the swamp and empties into the Gulf of Mexico near Cedar Key, Florida. The Suwannee River is 280 miles long. A small area of the southeastern part of the swamp is drained by the St.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Analysis of Critical Habitat Designation for the Fat Threeridge, Shinyrayed Pocketbook, Gulf Moccasinshell, Ochlockonee
    ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL HABITAT DESIGNATION FOR THE FAT THREERIDGE, SHINYRAYED POCKETBOOK, GULF MOCCASINSHELL, OCHLOCKONEE MOCCASINSHELL, OVAL PIGTOE, CHIPOLA SLABSHELL, AND PURPLE BANKCLIMBER Draft Final Report | September 12, 2007 prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 4401 N. Fairfax Drive Arlington, VA 22203 prepared by: Industrial Economics, Incorporated 2067 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02140 Draft – September 12, 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ES-1T SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION AND FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSIS 1-1 1.1 Purpose of the Economic Analysis 1-1 1.2 Background 1-2 1.3 Regulatory Alternatives 1-9 1.4 Threats to the Species and Habitat 1-9 1.5 Approach to Estimating Economic Effects 1-9 1.6 Scope of the Analysis 1-13 1.7 Analytic Time Frame 1-16 1.8 Information Sources 1-17 1.9 Structure of Report 1-18 SECTION 2 POTENTIAL CHANGES IN WATER USE AND MANAGEMENT FOR CONSERVATION OF THE SEVEN MUSSELS 2-1 2.1 Summary of Methods for Estimation of Economic Impacts Associated with Flow- Related Conservation Measures 2-2 2.2 Water Use in Proposed Critical Habitat Areas 2-3 2.3 Potential Changes in Water Use in the Flint River Basin 2-5 2.4 Potential Changes in Water Management in the Apalachicola River Complex (Unit 8) 2-10 2.5 Potential Changes in Water Management in the Santa Fe River Complex (Unit 11) 2-22 SECTION 3 POTENTIAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS RELATED TO CHANGES IN WATER USE AND MANAGEMENT 3-1 3.1 Summary 3-6 3.2 Potential Economic Impacts Related to Agricultural Water Uses 3-7 3.3 Potential Economic Impacts Related
    [Show full text]
  • Aucilla River Paddling Guide
    2«¬57B F ll o r ii d a D e s ii g n a tt e d P a d dWalluiki enengah T r aCaiippllss ¯ A u c ii ll ll a R ii v e r £19 £27 «¬259 ¤¤ Lamont «¬150 JEFFERSON MADISON A u c ii ll ll a R ii v e rr P a d d ll ii n g T rr a ii ll M a p 2«¬57A Eridu TAYLOR «¬14 Designated Paddling Trail Wetlands Water Designated Paddling Trail Index 0 1 2 4 Miles A u c ii ll ll a R ii v e rr P a d d ll ii n g T rr a ii ll M a p ¯ Wal ker Sp ringsT ho - mas C ity Rd Lan i er Rd # 1: Herndon Landing !| N30.31754 W-83.81561 JEFFERSON MADISON l a c n O TAYLOR 7 5 2 R C # 3: Old Railroad Bridge !y N30.2799 W-83.8422 !| # 2 Reams Landing N30.172751 W-83.504424 d a e e r il v e G i v RR i t ll aa M iill #4, Jones Mill Creek cc N30.254567 W-83.897367 uu AA d a o R m ra T l Middle Aucilla !| a e Conservation Area n O O n e a l S Scout Rapids id e N30.2458 W-83.9143 4 1 R C e in L r r e e w v i o P R a l l i c u A Tower CR 680 !| #5, End of Trail, N30.2105 W-83.9218 Go ose P asture Aucilla Wildlife Co un Management Area ty R oa d 65 k 5 c rd o o F m y k m c Florida National Scenic Trail a o H R l l e w o Aucilla River Designated Paddling Trail P !| Canoe/Kayak Launch Conservation Lands 0 0.75 1.5 3 Miles Wetlands Aucilla River Paddling Trail Guide The Waterway With high limestone banks and an arching canopy of live oaks, cypress and other trees, the Aucilla River is as picturesque as it is wild.
    [Show full text]
  • Miocene Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Suwannee River Basin of North Florida and South Georgia
    MIOCENE PALEONTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SUWANNEE RIVER BASIN OF NORTH FLORIDA AND SOUTH GEORGIA SOUTHEASTERN GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Guidebook Number 30 October 7, 1989 MIOCENE PALEONTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SUWANNEE RIVER BASIN OF NORTH FLORIDA AND SOUTH GEORGIA Compiled and edit e d by GARY S . MORGAN GUIDEBOOK NUMBER 30 A Guidebook for the Annual Field Trip of the Southeastern Geological Society October 7, 1989 Published by the Southeastern Geological Society P. 0 . Box 1634 Tallahassee, Florida 32303 TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of field trip area ...... ... ................................... 1 Road log . ....................................... ..... ..... ... .... 2 Preface . .................. ....................................... 4 The lithostratigraphy of the sediments exposed along the Suwannee River in the vicinity of White Springs by Thomas M. scott ........................................... 6 Fossil invertebrates from the banks of the Suwannee River at White Springs, Florida by Roger W. Portell ...... ......................... ......... 14 Miocene vertebrate faunas from the Suwannee River Basin of North Florida and South Georgia by Gary s. Morgan .................................. ........ 2 6 Fossil sirenians from the Suwannee River, Florida and Georgia by Daryl P. Damning . .................................... .... 54 1 HAMIL TON CO. MAP OF FIELD TRIP AREA 2 ROAD LOG Total Mileage from Reference Points Mileage Last Point 0.0 0.0 Begin at Holiday Inn, Lake City, intersection of I-75 and US 90. 7.3 7.3 Pass under I-10. 12 . 6 5.3 Turn right (east) on SR 136. 15.8 3 . 2 SR 136 Bridge over Suwannee River. 16.0 0.2 Turn left (west) on us 41. 19 . 5 3 . 5 Turn right (northeast) on CR 137. 23.1 3.6 On right-main office of Occidental Chemical Corporation.
    [Show full text]
  • Stream-Temperature Charcteristics in Georgia
    STREAM-TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS IN GEORGIA U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Prepared in cooperation with the GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4203 STREAM-TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS IN GEORGIA By T.R. Dyar and S.J. Alhadeff ______________________________________________________________________________ U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4203 Prepared in cooperation with GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION Atlanta, Georgia 1997 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Charles G. Groat, Director For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Information Services 3039 Amwiler Road, Suite 130 Denver Federal Center Peachtree Business Center Box 25286 Atlanta, GA 30360-2824 Denver, CO 80225-0286 CONTENTS Page Abstract . 1 Introduction . 1 Purpose and scope . 2 Previous investigations. 2 Station-identification system . 3 Stream-temperature data . 3 Long-term stream-temperature characteristics. 6 Natural stream-temperature characteristics . 7 Regression analysis . 7 Harmonic mean coefficient . 7 Amplitude coefficient. 10 Phase coefficient . 13 Statewide harmonic equation . 13 Examples of estimating natural stream-temperature characteristics . 15 Panther Creek . 15 West Armuchee Creek . 15 Alcovy River . 18 Altamaha River . 18 Summary of stream-temperature characteristics by river basin . 19 Savannah River basin . 19 Ogeechee River basin. 25 Altamaha River basin. 25 Satilla-St Marys River basins. 26 Suwannee-Ochlockonee River basins . 27 Chattahoochee River basin. 27 Flint River basin. 28 Coosa River basin. 29 Tennessee River basin . 31 Selected references. 31 Tabular data . 33 Graphs showing harmonic stream-temperature curves of observed data and statewide harmonic equation for selected stations, figures 14-211 .
    [Show full text]
  • Suwannee River Study Report, Florida & Georgia
    A Wild and scenic River Study AS THE NATIONS PRINCIPAL CONSERVATION AGENCY, THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR HAS BASIC RESPONSIBILITIES FOR WATER, FISH, WILDLIFE, MINERAL, LANO, PARK AND RECREATIONAL RESOURCES. INOIAN ANO TERRITORIAL AFFAIRS ARE OTHER MAJOR CONCERNS OF AMERICA'S "DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES'.' THE DEPARTMENT WORKS TO ASSURE THE WISEST CHOICE IN MANAGING ALL OUR RE­ SOURc.ES SO EACH WILL MAKE ITS FULL CONTRIBUTION TO A BETTER UNITED STATES NOW AND IN THE FUTURE . U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Rogers C. 8. Morton, Secretory BUREAU OF OUTDOOR RECREATION Jatl'IU $.Watt, otfectot SUWANNEE RIVER Florida • G.eorgia A National Wild and Scenic River Study December 1973 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page_ FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION Finding .. ,. i Reco111Tiendation i SUMMARY Introduction .•....•.. i i The River .........••. ii Classification ..•... v Protection of Natural Resources •.•.•...•• vi State, Local, and Private Recreation Development viii Management Alternatives . viii Providing Public Use . ••• ix Land Acquisition .... ix Recreation Facilities .• xi The Withlacoochee Segment xi Economic Impact .•.... xii I. INTRODUCTION Wild and Scenic River Studies 2 Background . 3 II. THE RIVER SETTING Location. • . I • I 5 The Resource . I . 5 1 Climate . I . I . 17 Water Resource Development . 17 Cultural Hi story I . I . 20 Economy . • . 21 Population . 22 Landownership • . 23 River Ownership . I . 24 Land Use and Environmental Intrusions I . 24 Recreation . I . • . I . I . • . 29 Nearby Recreation Opportunities . I 36 Significant Features . I . • . I 36 III. ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION Appraisal . • • . 39 Classification . 40 Discussion of Classification . • • . • . 42 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd) Land Requirements .••.• . 47 Fee Acquisition •• 49 Scenic Corridor . .. • 49 Acquisition Criteria .
    [Show full text]
  • Normal Streamflows and Water Levels: Summary of Hydrologic Conditions in Georgia, 2013 the U.S
    Return to Normal Streamflows and Water Levels: Summary of Hydrologic Conditions in Georgia, 2013 The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) emphasize the need for accurate, timely data Water Resources Internet Tools South Atlantic Water Science Center (SAWSC) to help Federal, State, and local officials make Georgia office, in cooperation with local, informed decisions regarding the management Historically, hydrologic data collected State, and other Federal agencies, maintains and conservation of Georgia’s water resources by the USGS were compiled into annual data a long-term hydrologic monitoring network for agricultural, recreational, ecological, and reports; however, this method of publication of more than 340 real-time continuous-record water-supply needs and for use in protecting has been discontinued. Current and historical streamflow-gaging stations (streamgages), life and property. data are now available through the National including 10 real-time lake-level monitoring Drought conditions, persistent in the area Water Information System Web interface, or stations, 67 real-time surface-water-quality since 2010, continued into the 2013 WY. In NWISWeb, at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/ monitors, and several water-quality sampling February 2013, Georgia was free of extreme (U.S. Geological Survey, 2013a). programs. Additionally, the SAWSC Georgia (D3) drought conditions, as defined by the The USGS has several water resources office operates more than 180 groundwater U.S. Drought Monitor, for the first time Internet tools designed to provide users with monitoring wells, 39 of which are real-time. The since August 2010 due to extended periods current streamflow and groundwater data, wide-ranging coverage of streamflow, reservoir, of heavy rainfall (U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • WATER QUALITY in GEORGIA 2016-2017 (2018 Integrated 305B/303D Report)
    WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA 2016-2017 (2018 Integrated 305b/303d Report) WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA Georgia Department of Natural Resources Environmental Protection Division WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA 2016-2017 (2018 Integrated 305b/303d Report) Preface This report was prepared by the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD), Department of Natural Resources, as required by Section 305(b) of Public Law 92-500 (the Clean Water Act) and as a public information document. It represents a synoptic extraction of the EPD files and, in certain cases, information has been presented in summary form from those files. The reader is therefore advised to use this condensed information with the knowledge that it is a summary document and more detailed information may be available in EPD files. This report covers a two-year period, January 1, 2016 through December 31, 2017. Comments or questions related to the content of this report are invited and should be addressed to: Environmental Protection Division Georgia Department of Natural Resources Watershed Protection Branch 2 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive, SE Suite 1162 East Tower Atlanta, Georgia 30334 WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA This page is intentionally blank. WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA CHAPTER 1 Watershed Protection in Georgia The GAEPD is a comprehensive environmental agency Executive Summary responsible for environmental protection, management, regulation, permitting, and Purpose This report, Water Quality in Georgia, enforcement in Georgia. The GAEPD has for 2016-20172016-2017, was prepared by the many years aggressively sought most available Georgia Environmental Protection Division program delegations from the USEPA in order to (EPD) of the Department of Natural Resources achieve and maintain a coordinated, integrated (DNR).
    [Show full text]