DOCSLIB.ORG

Download Article (PDF)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download Article (PDF) Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 315 International Conference on Pedagogy, Communication and Sociology (ICPCS 2019) Linguoculturological Particularities of Venezuelan National Variant of Spanish Language As Compared with Pyrenean Anna Noskova Leo Tolstoy Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication The Department of Romance Philology Kazan Federal University Kazan, Russia Abstract—Actuality of the article is determined by the Characteristic linguistic properties and national and necessity to describe language norm of Venezuelan national cultural particularities of Venezuelan national variant of variant on the background of Pyrenean one. Understanding of Spanish language become apparent on the background of norm, in its turn, is closely connected with one of the most its Pyrenean variant (general Spanish language). It is topical issues of modern Spanish American studies, i.e. necessary to stress that as objects of linguistic analysis both revealing of linguoculturological particularities of national national variants are treated comparatively in the variant of Spanish-speaking area. Complex analysis of framework of intervariant dialectology, a school of thought deviations between two national variants of Spanish language, created by academicians N.M. Firsova and N.F. Mikheeva. Venezuelan and Pyrenean, on all levels of language structure, In the given work we hold a view, according to which offers a possibility to demonstrate correlation of common Pyrenean national variant of language is identified as Spanish and Latin American (Venezuelan in given article) variants of Spanish language. common Spanish language norm: “in the framework of the concept of national variants speaking about Pyrenean Keywords—linguoculturology, intervariant dialectology, national variant of language rather than merely Spanish language variation, Spanish language, Venezuela language would be methodologically proper and politically correct (as the situation is within the states)” [2]. This idea I. INTRODUCTION has been justified in considerable number of scholarly studies by domestic hispanists L.A. Isenko, V.V. System research of language variations in Latin Yakovleva, E.E. Rogulina, A.A. Sinyavski, E.V. Solovieva, American countries is one of the most topical issues on N.V. Zenenko, A.I. Noskova. contemporary stage of Spanish studies. Spanish language has recently become an abstract notion, a combination of Traditionally the majority of works dedicated to national variants, forming of which is determined, above variations of Spanish language focus on revealing of its all, by extra-linguistic factors, namely historical, linguocultural particularities on the levels of phonetics and geographical, social, cultural, economic, etc. They, in turn, vocabulary which provide the clear picture of national have an inevitable impact on distinctiveness of national distinctiveness. Alongside with this, derivational, variants of every given Latin American country. morphological and syntax layers have not been yet studied from the perspective of their national and cultural Study of national and cultural peculiarities of poly- particularities. The works of N.M. Firsova, N.F. Mikheeva, national language (in this case – Spanish) and its variants O.S. Chesnokova, E.V. Shcherbakova, L.A. Isenko, N.A. enters the domain of a wide circle of research areas: Gostemilova, etc. have demonstrated that national and linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, cultural particularities are reflected on all levels of ethnolinguistics, linguopragmatics, intercultural communi- language system. This generally accepted fact has become cation, cognitive science and linguoculturology. the basis for revealing of linguoculturological Given that linguoculturology is a complex synthesizing particularities of Venezuelan national variant across all science, it perceives language as a cultural code of the language levels [3]. nation, creating certain ethnic background which allows to relating surface language structures to their fundamental II. VENEZUELAN NATIONAL VARIANT OF SPANISH nature. Linguoculturology studies “the interconnection and LANGUAGE AS A SUBJECT OF LINGUISTIC RESEARCH interaction of culture and language in the process of its Nowadays more than 450 million people speak Spanish operation; and analyzes the given process as an integral as a native language, which qualifies it as third on the lists units structure as read in conjunction with linguistic and of languages (after English and Chinese) by number of extralinguistic content with the help of system methods native speakers. It is estimated that by 2050 number of focused on modern priorities, reflecting new system of speakers will have reached the number of 535 million values” [1]. Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 225 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 315 people. Beside Spain, Spanish is an official language in 19 research. countries of Latin America. It is spoken in some states of th the USA, Equatorial Guinea and the Philippines. Among linguistic works of 19 century, dedicated to Approximately 30 million people speak Judaeo-Spanish. Indian languages of Venezuela, the central place is Taking into account its geography – 11 990 000 sq.km occupied by the dictionary of Miguel Carmona Diccionario (which constitutes 8,9 % of earth’s surface) – and rich Indo-Hispano o Venezolano Español. Owing to strong cultural and ethnic component, it becomes obvious that descriptive component it reflects main lexical peculiarities Spanish language is characterized by a substantial degree of of Venezuelan national variant of Spanish language in variation. comparison with other Spanish-American variants, which is why the dictionary of M. Carmona is considered to be the We understand “language variation” as a usage of first dictionary of “venezualisms”. language in various geographical, socio-cultural, contextual th or historical conditions. The form of the language spoken is At the beginning of the 20 century Venezuelan not universal, conversely, it varies depending on personal linguistics was developing under the sign of “socio-cultural circumstances, time and type of communication [4]. The revolution”. Due to economic and industrial progress possibility for variation lies in the very nature of the Venezuelan language was changing actively, which led to language. appearance of new words, phrases and expressions that were required for the explanation of new realia. Special Nowadays linguists in general and dialectologists in attention was paid to colloquial Venezuelan speech. particular assume the fact that language variation is universal for functioning of any language. In this respect In this context it is necessary to mention the works of Spanish language, used in a group of countries of Latin Lisandro Alvarado Glosario de Voces Indígenas de Venezuela (1921) and Glosario del bajo español de America, presents an extensive research material. Venezuela (1929), in which the linguist characterizes In accordance with concept of national variants, worked Venezuelan Spanish language of the first quarter of 20th out by the Academician G.V. Stepanov in mid-1950s, century. Spanish language in Latin America is characterized by existence of “national peculiarities”, i.e. separate forms of The turning point in the history of Venezuelan Spanish speech that developed in spatial, historical and linguistics and modern understanding of Venezuelan social space. national variant of Spanish language are connected with the name of Angel Rosenblat. In his work dedicated to national Herewith, national variants of Spanish language have Venezuelan speech, Buenas y Malas Palаbras en el their own standard which reflects the essence of the variant, Castellano de Venezuela (1955), A. Rosenblat reflected is independent, and is recognized and promoted as socially Venezuelan speech in the period of dictatorship of Marcos neutral and prestigious in every national community. Pérez Jiménez, full of jargon and borrowings. Therefore, national variation of Spanish language of On the modern stage of development the main aim of Latin America is a complex-structure system (“arch- Venezuelan linguistics still remains to create unabridged system” in G.V. Stepanov’s term), in which each national dictionary of Venezuelan vocabulary. variant, having some common features, has its own form of existence and functioning. Thus, Spanish language may be III. LINGUOCULTUROLOGICAL PARTICULARITIES OF treated as an abstraction that is implemented in the form of VENEZUELAN NATIONAL VARIANT OF SPANISH different variants. Here are analyzed national and cultural peculiarities of Venezuela nowadays is a country with huge language Venezuelan national variant of Spanish language on all variation: the territory of a bit more than 900 000 sq.km is levels of language system, namely phonetic, derivational, occupied by people who speak 100 different languages. All morphological, syntax and lexico-semantic. these languages coexist in one geographic space due to demographic, socio-economic, political and technological Phonetically Venezuelan national variant of Spanish processes that are happening in Venezuelan society. language does not differ substantially from Pyrenean. It is Moreover, due to Indian (substrate) and African (adstrat) essential to mention some phonetic features: components Venezuelan
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Venezuela Location Geography Food
    Venezuela Location Venezuela, officially the Republic of Venezuela, is a republic (1995 est. pop. 21,005,000), 352,143 sq mi. (912,050 sq. km), in the northern part of South America. With the Caribbean Sea in the north, Venezuela has a coastline of 1,750 long. It is bordered on the south by Brazil, on the west and southwest by Colombia, and on the east by Guyana. Dependencies include Margarita Island, Tortuga Island, and many smaller island groups in the Caribbean. Caracas is the capital and also the largest city in Venezuela. Geography Venezuela, a third larger than Texas, occupies most of the northern coast of South America on the Caribbean Sea. Mountain systems break Venezuela into four distinct areas: (1) the Maracaibo lowlands; (2) the mountainous region in the north and northwest; (3) the Orinoco basin, with the llanos (vast grass-covered plains) on its northern border and great forest areas in the south and southeast, and (4) the Guiana Highlands, south of the Orinoco, accounting for nearly half the national territory. Food The food in Venezuela is generally easy and flavorful. Caracas, the capital of Venezuela, claims to have a greater variety of restaurants than any other South American city, and it would certainly be a pleasure to try and prove it, even if you failed. Venezuelan cooking has European, indigenous, and African roots – a heterodox cuisine formed over the centuries by immigrants. Some of the native dishes include: Page 1 of 7 - Pabellon - stewed and shredded meat accompanied by rice, black beans, and baban -Hallaca - a traditional Christmas dish.
    [Show full text]
  • Doralzuelan: an Emerging Identity of the Venezuelan Immigrant in Southern Florida
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ASU Digital Repository Doralzuelan: An Emerging Identity of the Venezuelan Immigrant in Southern Florida by Blanca Romero Pino A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Approved June 2018 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Karen Adams, Chair Matthew Prior Doris Warriner ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY August 2018 ABSTRACT The steady influx of Venezuelan immigrants to the United States has resulted in the creation of a close-knit community of these immigrants in the city of Doral, Florida, now nicknamed Doralzuela given the strong imprint Venezuelan have left in this city. This study aimed at gaining understanding on how the process of immigration and settlement in the context has affected Venezuelan immigrants’ identity, their perception and use of English and Spanish in daily interactions, and how, or if, their bonds with the home country has affected their incorporation to the host society. The study followed a qualitative design. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed following Riessman’s (2008) notion of dialogic narrative analysis. Six themes emerged from the data; (re)configuration of the self, the role of social networks, negotiating identity through language, issues of assimilation, transnational identity, and Doralzuela, the new Venezuela. These themes were discussed, and multiple and distinct views on each theme were identified. i DEDICATION To my family, for giving me their unconditional love To Shea, for being my rock To Venezuela, for being my source of inspiration ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I owe my eternal gratitude to so many people who have helped me, not on the completion of this thesis, but throughout my entire master’s program.
    [Show full text]
  • Declarative Intonation Patterns in Multiple Varieties of Spanish
    )ject in Dominican Spanish. Journal of Declarative Intonation Patterns in Multiple Varieties of :ociation 14: 59-67. ! Spanish . i 'ol en Santo Domingo. Buenos Aires: '. mcricana. Julia Tevis McGory 2nce Languages, ed. Martin Harris and The Ohio State University Mas dato.1· sabre el espaiiol en la Manuel Diaz-Campos go: Ediciones Intec. Indiana University . i ,sitional accusative in Sardinian: its I ,. ·., 1 sions. In Linguistic Theory and the 1 I 1 -Jes Smith and Martin Maiden, 37-75. !.'· ::: 1. Introduction sh personal infinit ive. In New analyses vanner and Douglas Kibbee, 201-20. Recent efforts have sought lo capture the intonational structure of declaratives in Latin American and Peninsular varieties of Spanish using an :!W York: Longman. llnbiguation in Puerto Rican Spanish. autose.gmental-metrical (AM) model of intonation (Ladd 1996), like that proposed for English by Pierrehumhcrl ( 1980). These include a description by cl cspafiol dominicano: Implicaciones Sosa (1999) of multiple Latin and Peninsular varieties, and also more specific ! Caribe, ed. Orlando Alba, 301-318. descriptions of Castilian Spanish by Face (in press}, of Mexican Spanish by e y Maestra. Prieto and colleagues (Prieto, van Santen & Hirschberg 1995, Prieto, Shih, & ;tting parametric limits on dialectal Nibert 1996, Prieto 1998), and of northern Peninsular and Venezuelan Spanish 141. by participants at the first Spanish ToBI workshop (Mendoza-Denton, McGory, nal uses of the accusative a. Hispania & Dfaz-Campos 1999; Hualde 2000). The gross shape of the intonation pattern of declaratives has been described : accusative a. Hispania 74: 146-156. similarly among these researchers. In a prototypical declarative produced without any particular lexical emphasis, there is a pitch accent on each content word, and every accent after the first is downstepped relative to the preceding accent peak.
    [Show full text]
  • Spanish-Based Creoles in the Caribbean
    Spanish-based creoles in the Caribbean John M. Lipski The Pennsylvania State University Introduction The Caribbean Basin is home to many creole languages, lexically related to French, English, and—now only vestigially—Dutch. Surrounded by Spanish-speaking nations, and with Portuguese-speaking Brazil not far to the south, the Caribbean contains only a single creole language derived from a (highly debated) combination of Spanish and Portuguese, namely Papiamentu, spoken on the Netherlands Antilles islands of Curaçao and Aruba. If the geographical confines of the designation `Caribbean’ are pushed a bit, the creole language Palenquero, spoken in the Afro-Colombian village Palenque de San Basilio, near the port of Cartagena de Indias, also qualifies as a Spanish-related creole, again with a hotly contested Portuguese component. There are also a number of small Afro-Hispanic enclaves scattered throughout the Caribbean where ritual language, songs, and oral traditions suggest at least some partial restructuring of Spanish in small areas. Finally, there exists a controversial but compelling research paradigm which asserts that Spanish as spoken by African slaves and their immediate descendents may have creolized in the 19th century Spanish Caribbean—particularly in Cuba—and that this putative creole language may have subsequently merged with local varieties of Spanish, leaving a faint but detectable imprint on general Caribbean Spanish. A key component of the inquiry into Spanish-related contact varieties is the recurring claim that all such languages derive from earlier Portuguese-based pidgins and creoles, formed somewhere in West Africa1 and carried to the Americas by slaves transshipped from African holding stations, and by ships’ crews and slave traders.
    [Show full text]
  • Andean Venezuelan
    Venezuelan Andean Spanish Intonation Venezuelan Andean Spanish Intonation* Lluïsa Astruca, Elsa Morab and Simon Rewc The Open University and The University of Cambridgea Universidad de Los Andesb The University of Cambridgec 1. Introduction Lying in western Venezuela, the state of Mérida is traversed by the eastern branch of the northern Andes and has an area of 11,300 km2, which corresponds to approximately 1.2% of the national territory. The main economic activities of the region are agriculture and tourism. The city of Mérida itself has 300,000 inhabitants (2001 census) and constitutes a national cultural and university centre. The Universidad de Los Andes is a major source of employment in the region, specifically in the areas of teaching, research and services. The structure of this chapter is as follows. Section 1 first offers an overview of past intonational research in Venezuelan Spanish and especially in Venezuelan Andean Spanish and then describes the methodological procedure used in the present study. Section 2 presents an inventory of pitch accents and boundary tones found in the Mérida dialect. Section 3 analyses the basic intonation contours found in the Mérida corpus. Finally, Section 4 summarises the nuclear patterns in the different sentence types. The study of intonation does not have a long history in Venezuela and, furthermore, the rather scant research has been mostly oriented towards dialectology. The first study of the intonation of Venezuelan Spanish was published in the phonetics section of El habla de Caracas (Mosonyi 1971). A decade later, Obregón (1981) carried out a dialectal study in which he analysed the distribution of certain characteristic patterns (which he called construcciones entonativas) and which led him to propose a division into five dialectal areas: Mérida and Táchira (southwest), Maracaibo (northwest), Nueva Esparta and Sucre (east), Apure and Guárico (south) and the rest of the country (centre).
    [Show full text]
  • As Andalusia
    THE SPANISH OF ANDALUSIA Perhaps no other dialect zone of Spain has received as much attention--from scholars and in the popular press--as Andalusia. The pronunciation of Andalusian Spanish is so unmistakable as to constitute the most widely-employed dialect stereotype in literature and popular culture. Historical linguists debate the reasons for the drastic differences between Andalusian and Castilian varieties, variously attributing the dialect differentiation to Arab/Mozarab influence, repopulation from northwestern Spain, and linguistic drift. Nearly all theories of the formation of Latin American Spanish stress the heavy Andalusian contribution, most noticeable in the phonetics of Caribbean and coastal (northwestern) South American dialects, but found in more attenuated fashion throughout the Americas. The distinctive Andalusian subculture, at once joyful and mournful, but always proud of its heritage, has done much to promote the notion of andalucismo within Spain. The most extreme position is that andaluz is a regional Ibero- Romance language, similar to Leonese, Aragonese, Galician, or Catalan. Objectively, there is little to recommend this stance, since for all intents and purposes Andalusian is a phonetic accent superimposed on a pan-Castilian grammatical base, with only the expected amount of regional lexical differences. There is not a single grammatical feature (e.g. verb cojugation, use of preposition, syntactic pattern) which separates Andalusian from Castilian. At the vernacular level, Andalusian Spanish contains most of the features of castellano vulgar. The full reality of Andalusian Spanish is, inevitably, much greater than the sum of its parts, and regardless of the indisputable genealogical ties between andaluz and castellano, Andalusian speech deserves study as one of the most striking forms of Peninsular Spanish expression.
    [Show full text]
  • S/Variation As Accommodation
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 357 650 FL 021 306 AUTHOR Coles, FeliceAnne IS/ Variationas Accommodation. PUB DATE 93 NOTE 14p.; For the serial issue in whichthis paper appears, see FL 021 304. PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) JOURNAL CIT Journal Articles (080) Kansas WorkingPapers in Linguistics; 1993 v18 p31-43 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 PlusPostage. DESCRIPTORS *Dialects; ForeignCountries; Interviews; Fluency; *Language Language Variation; LinguisticTheory; *Pronunciation; *Social Verbs Integration; *Spanish; IDENTIFIERS Aspiration (speech);Deletion (Linguistic); *Louisiana ABSTRACT The few remaining fluent speakers ofthe isleno dialect of Spanishvary their casual pronunciation of /s/in a manner consistent with, butnot identical to, dialects. The behavior other Caribbean Spanish of /s/ in thespeech of nonfluent parallels that of fluent islenos speakers, differingonly in the higher degree of aspirationand deletion. This semispeakers variation by isleno can be regarded asa type of speech accommodation 'upward convergence' called expressing socialintegration and identification. Fluent speakers are accordedprestige for preserving the culture's oraltraditions, and semispeakersare motivated towards integration andsolidarity by varying resemble the perceived their pronunciationof /s/ to behavior of /s/ inthe speech of fluent speakers whoare identified as prestigious. (Author) (Contains 23 references.) *******************************k*************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are thebest that can bemade from the originaldocument.
    [Show full text]
  • Effective Language Learning Habits and Venezuelan Spanish (Interview with Mari Polyglot)
    Effective Language Learning Habits and Venezuelan Spanish (Interview with Mari Polyglot) Episode 59 Summary: In this episode, I interview polyglot Mari Salvestrini. Mari is originally from Venezuela and speaks Spanish, English, Dutch, Portuguese, Italian, and German. In our conversation, Mari shares her advice for creating effective habits for language learning and enjoys the learning process. She also shares some Spanish words and expressions you'll only hear in Venezuela. Time Speaker Transcript 00:34 – 01:08 Tamara Hola y bienvenidos al episodio 59. Welcome to episode 59 of the Learn Spanish con Salsa Podcast. In this episode of the podcast, I’m interviewing Mari Salvestrini, and she is a polyglot who speaks several different languages. She is originally from Venezuela, and she currently lives in the Netherlands, she’s a language coach and shares content in her YouTube Channel every week about how to learn a language effectively, how to create the right habits and also how to enjoy the process while you learn. 01:09 –01:50 Tamara We cover so many different things in this conversation but because Mari is from Venezuela, I asked her to share with us not only some tips about language learning, but also some characteristics of Venezuelan’s Spanish, as you know, I’m really interested in different cultures and dialects and I like to expose you all on this podcast, conversations that would give you more inside in the Latino culture and not just the language itself. We will be talking about Venezuela and some uniquely Venezuelan words that you only hear in the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Why We Need Translingualism: an Antiracist Approach in the Writing Center
    Bates College SCARAB Honors Theses Capstone Projects 5-2021 Why We Need Translingualism: An Antiracist Approach in the Writing Center Sarah Townsend Raphael Bates College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scarab.bates.edu/honorstheses Recommended Citation Raphael, Sarah Townsend, "Why We Need Translingualism: An Antiracist Approach in the Writing Center" (2021). Honors Theses. 340. https://scarab.bates.edu/honorstheses/340 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Capstone Projects at SCARAB. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of SCARAB. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Why We Need Translingualism: An Antiracist Approach in the Writing Center An Honors Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Program of Interdisciplinary Studies Bates College In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts By Sarah Raphael Lewiston, Maine 5 May 2021 Raphael 2 AcKnowledgements This project would not have been possible without the support of my advisors, family, friends, and Bates community. Thank you, Dan. Our Monday meetings kept me sane throughout this process. I am so grateful for your advice, expertise, and guidance. I couldn’t have done this without you. Thank you, Bridget and Stephanie. Both of you always made yourselves available to answer questions and offer feedback during this crazy year. More than that, you inspired me to commit to this work. Thank you, Patti and Baltasar. You signed up to be my advisors without hesitation and helped get this project off of the ground.
    [Show full text]
  • Nov 29 Sessarego Cover
    Aspects of the Syntax of the Afro-Bolivian Spanish Determiner Phrase Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Sandro Sessarego, M.A. Graduate Program in Spanish and Portuguese The Ohio State University 2010 Dissertation Committee: Terrell A. Morgan, Advisor Javier Gutiérrez-Rexach, Advisor Donald Winford Abstract During the last decade, syntactic microvariation analysis, the study of grammatical differences across closely related dialects (cf. Kayne 1996), has received increasing attention. Syntactic microvariation is primarily concerned with the possibility of testing syntactic hypotheses and potential correlations between syntactic variables (Barbiers & Cornips 2001). So far little research has been carried out on microvariation across Spanish dialects, especially across Afro-Hispanic contact vernaculars. From a theoretical point of view, what is fascinating about these languages is their richness in constructions, that would be considered ungrammatical in standard Spanish, but which form the core grammar of these less-prestigious, but equally efficient, syntactic systems. The present study aims to explore some of the microsyntactic differences encountered between standard Spanish and ABS; in particular, it focuses on their nominal domain (their Determiner Phrase). The methodology adopted combines generative and sociolinguistic insights. The collection of the data included sociolinguistic interviews (Labov 1972) and grammaticality judgments. These two different strategies were combined in order to obtain more fine-grained generalizations on the structure of this language. The dissertation has two main objectives. The first one is to offer a syntactic description of the Afro-Bolivian Spanish (ABS) Determiner Phrase (DP) in order to ii provide a testing ground for verifying the feasibility of current linguistic hypotheses and, when appropriate, provide new solutions in light of the empirical data collected.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    C 1 Introduction From colonial times up to the present, Mexico has been characterized by its linguistic pluralism as a result of multiethnic and multicultural encounters that have shaped what is called Mexican Spanish. In this sense, Mexican Spanish may be considered an amalgamation of modalities in which each region of the country exhibits a different variety. Although dialectal diversity itself is not considered a negative factor, sometimes it generates negative attitudes among speakers toward non-prestige varieties that tend to diminish and marginalize the speech of certain ethnic groups, as is the case with Afro-Mexicans. The African presence in Mexico, as in the rest of the Americas, has been a sociohistorical fact since colonial times. Nevertheless, there are no records of the African speech of that period for two reasons: 1) the orality of their linguis- tic manifestations, and 2) because most speakers were illiterate. In this respect, Zimmermann (2012: 289) states: El hecho de la escasa alfabetización de los africanos dificultó durante mucho tiem- po la emergencia de productos literarios afromexicanos escritos. Solo después de la abolición de la esclavitud pudo resultar un cambio al respecto. Por eso habría que concentrar la investigación en la existencia de una eventual literatura oral durante la época de la esclavitud. Actualmente no se han encontrado testimonios de tal tradición oral, lo que [no] significa que no la haya habido. RRosas_Afro-hispanic.indbosas_Afro-hispanic.indb 1155 117/04/20217/04/2021 115:34:085:34:08 16 Afro-Hispanic Linguistic Remnants in Mexico Despite the absence of Afro-Mexican speech samples of the colonial era, there are written linguistic sources (historical documents, and some of a literary nature) that Zimmermann (1995: 64-67) has classified as follows: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Your Guide to Real World Spanish
    Learning the Local Language Your Guide to Real World Spanish by Jared Romey welcome! CPlease, feel free to share this eBook! This e-book is copyrighted by Jared Romey and Language Babel, Inc. however you may reproduce and share this e-book if the material is not changed in any way and is attributed to the author. This e-book may not be sold by anyone without the express written consent of the author. 8 Green clickable links! Any green text is a clickable link that will launch your browser with the Internet destination. So, the best way to enjoy this eBook is connected to the Internet. iAbout the information you’re receiving The material in this book is for informational purposes only. It includes information, products or services by third parties for which the author and Language Babel, Inc. do not assume any responsibility or liability. Any opinions found in the material throughout the book and suggested resources are the opinions only of the author or site owner. ©2012 Copyright Jared Romey [ 1 ] Places you may have spotted Speaking Latino “Jared is the go-to guy for anyone learning or considering learning Spanish, and he’ll blow you away with how much he knows about the Latin American varieties of the language.” -Donovan Nagel, Mezzofanti Guild: An Online Community of Serious Language Learners “Romey translates common colloquialisms into English so that Americans can actually understand what the heck locals are saying when they visit South American countries.” - Monica Garske, AOL News “Acabo de descubrir Speakinglatino.com. Que sitio
    [Show full text]