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Rabbi Meir Kahane (1932–1990), Die Jewish Defence League Und Sowjetische Juden

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Rabbi Meir Kahane (1932–1990), Die Jewish Defence League Und Sowjetische Juden Alexander Friedman Rabbi Meir Kahane (1932–1990), die Jewish Defence !eague und s$wjetische Juden Die vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit dem US-amerikanischen Rabbiner und umstrittenen israelischen Politiker Meir Kahane, der in den späten !"#er Jahren die Je%ish Defence League in 'e% (ork gründete, für die Aus%anderung von Juden aus der UdSSR kämpfte und sich als unvers+hnlicher ,egner der kommunistischen Supermacht profilierte. .n den USA %egen seines Radikalismus und seiner 'eigung /um 01tremismus scharf kritisiert, in .srael aufgrund seiner rassistischen und antidemokratischen 2enden/en befürchtet, %urde Kahane /u einer %ichtigen 3ielscheibe der israelfeindlichen Propaganda in der UdSSR- Let/tere ent%ickelte das 4eindbild des 5faschistischen Rabbiners6 Kahane und schreckte dabei %eder vor 7erleumdungen noch vor 7er/errungen /urück- Diese diffamierende 8erichterstattung %urde von vielen so%9etischen Juden re/ipiert, von denen manche : vor allem regimekritische und ausreise%illige Juden : Kahane als ;eld be%underten- This study features the American Rabbi and controversial .sraeli politician Meir Kahane, %ho founded the $e%ish Defence League in 'e% (ork in the late !"#s. The &eague fought for the emigration of Je%s from the USSR to .srael and established itself as an irreconcilable opponent of the communist Superpo%er. ;eavil< critici/ed in the US due to his radicalism and inclination to%ards e1tremism, and apprehended in .srael due to his racist and anti-democratic tendencies, Kahane has became one of the most important targets of the Soviet anti-.srael propaganda- The latter has brought up the enemy image of a 6fascist Rabbi= Kahane and didn’t shy a%a< from defamations and falsifications. This villaini/ed reporting %as received by many Soviet Je%s %ho : especially the ones critici/ing the regime and %illing to leave the country : looked up to Kahane and considered him a hero- Im Sommer 1970 fanden die Gastspiele des sowjetischen Staatlichen Akademischen Volkstanzensembles in den USA statt Im A!"!st sollte das vom $horeo"rafen !nd %allettt&nzer I"or' A (oisee# (190*+,007- "eleitete Ensemble in $hica"o a!ftreten /ie Vorstell!n" w!rde jedoch d!rch einen An"riff mit Gas"ranaten der militanten Jewish /efense 1ea"!e )02dische Verteidig!n"sliga3 0/1- "est4rt5 Unbekannte 0/16Aktivisten warfen zwei %eh&lter mit 7r&nen"as von einem %alkon in den 8rchester"raben des $hica"o $ivic 8pera Ho!se Ein :anister mit %enzin w!rde im Saal entdeckt Vier ;!scha!er m!ssten a!f"r!nd von Ver"ift!n"serschein!n"en im :rankenha!s behandelt werden< sowjetische :2nstler w!rden nicht verletzt /ie 7&ter konnten fliehen 1 /er 1 Van Gelder3 1awrence5 /isappointment Voiced 8#er %olshoi3 in: =ew >ork 7imes )nachfol"end =>7- #om 1, 1, 19703 S 1, Siehe a!ch 7ASS5 ?ro#okacionnjaja #@chodka3 in: G!dok #om ,A 0A 19703 S 1< A/=5 Antisowjetische ?ro#okation, in: =e!es Alexander Friedman: Rabbi Meir Kahane (1932–1990), die Jewish Defence League und sowjetische Juden. Medaon 14 (2020), 27 – URL: http://www.medaon.de/pdf/medaon_27_friedman.pdf 1 !ltranationalistische 0/16Gr2nder !nd 6Anf2hrer3 Babbi (eir :ahane3 war stolz a!f die6 sen Anschla" , /ie 1iga protestierte damit "e"en die /iskriminier!n" von 0!den in der UdSSB /er Anschla" richtete sich nicht n!r "e"en die G&ste a!s (oska!3 sondern a!ch "e"en den j2dischst&mmigen =ew >orker Impresario Sol 9!rok (18AA+197C-3D der die Gastspiele or"anisierte3 sich f2r den :!lt!ra!sta!sch zwischen den USA !nd der Sowjet6 !nion einsetzte !nd von der 0/1 damit als Eprofit"ieriger Verr&ter der j2dischen SacheF verachtet w!rde C /a aber 9!rok sich von :ahanes (&nnern nicht einsch2chtern lieG !nd das l!krative EB!ssland6Gesch&ftF vorantrieb, schl!" die 0/1 im Jan!ar 197, erne!t z!5 %ei einem %ombenanschla" a!f 9!roks %2ro in (anhattan w!rden der Impresario !nd zw4lf weitere ?ersonen verletzt 9!roks ,76j&hri"e Sekret&rin kam !ms 1eben H I&hrend die US6amerikanische !nd weste!rop&ische ?resse den :onflikt zwischen 9!rok !nd der 0/1 wenig beachtete3 w!rde er in der UdSSB propa"andistisch a!s"e6 schlachtet3 wobei die eher tendenziöse %erichterstatt!n" das abstoßende Jeindbild :ahane !nterma!ern sollte * In der vorlie"enden St!die wird z!n&chst :ahanes politische 7&ti"keit in den USA !nd in Israel bele!chtet 7 Anschließend wird a!f die in der Jorsch!n" bislan" ka!m behandelte Bezeption des Babbiners in der UdSSB ein"e"an"en Iar!m "eriet der 0/16 Anf2hrer ins %lickfeld der sowjetischen ?ropa"anda !nd weshalb w!rde in der Sowjet6 !nion das =arrativ des Ezionistischen JaschistenF :ahane konstr!iertK Ielche Vor6 stell!n"en 2ber :ahane waren !nter sowjetischen 0!den verbreitetK Um diese Jra"en z! beantworten3 wird das !mfan"reiche :ahane6/ossier des Jederal %!rea! of Investi- "ation )J%I- a!s"ewertet3 ebenso werden einschlä"ige %erichte der $entral Intelligence A"enc@ )$IA- 2ber :ahanes 7&tigkeit in Israel, ?ressep!blikationen US6amerikanischer3 westde!tscher !nd vor allem sowjetischer ?rovenienz sowie Erinner!n"en sowjetisch6 j2discher ;eitze!"en heran"ezo"en /e!tschland #om ,A 0A 19703 S H< A/=5 ?rotest der UdSSB "e"en ?ro#okation in $hica"o3 in: %erliner ;eit!ng #om 29 0A 19703 S C< ?ro#okator@ za rabotoj, in: 1iterat!rnaja "azeta #om 27 01 19713 S 1*3 in: Antikom!nizm i antiso#etizm + professija sionisto#3 (oska! 19713 S 117+120 , J%I6%ericht )Iashington, / $ 3 21 1, 1970-3 in: Federal %!rea! of Investi"ation )nachfol"end J%I-3 Freedom of Information and ?ri#acy Acts S!bject5 (eir / :ahane Jile =!mber5 10H69L-20779H )nachfol"end :ahane6/ossier-3 Section 1 /as J%I6/ossier 2ber :ahane ist online !nter https5MM#a!lt fbi "o#Mmeir-kahaneM N09 0C 2020O abr!fbar D ;! 9!rok siehe Bobinson, 9arlow5 7he 1ast Impresario5 7he 1ife3 7imes3 and 1e"acy of Sol 9!rok3 =ew >ork 199C C Van Gelder3 /isappointment< J%I6%ericht )Iashington, / $ 3 21 1, 1970- H 1edbetter3 1es5 Jire %ombs :ills Ioman, 9!rts 1D in 9!rok 8ffice3 in: =>7 #om 27 01 197,3 S 1 * Siehe 7ASS3 ?ro#okacionnjaja #@chodka< A/=3 Antisowjetische ?ro#okation; A/=3 ?rotest der UdSSB "e"en ?ro#okation in $hica"o 7 Siehe %resla!er3 /aniel S 5 (eir :ahane5 Ideolo"!e3 9ero3 and 7hinker3 1ewiston, => 19A*< (er"!i3 BaphaPlMSimonnot3 ?hilippe5 Israel's A@atollahs5 (eir :ahane and the Far Bi"ht in Israel3 1ondon 19A7< Friedman, Bobert I 5 7he False ?rophet5 Babbi (eir :ahane + From J%I Informant to :nesset (ember3 =ew >ork 1990< Sprinzak3 .h!d: 7he Ascendance of Israel's Badical Bi"ht3 8xford 1991< Sprinzak3 .h!d: %rother A"ainst %rother5 Violence and .xtremism in Israeli ?olitics from Altalena to the Babin Assassination, =ew >ork 19993 S 1A0+21*< $ohen-Alma"or3 Baphael5 %o!ndaries of 1ibert@ and 7olerance5 7he Str!""le A"ainst :ahanism in Israel3 Gaines#ille3 J1 199C Alexander Friedman: Rabbi Meir Kahane (1932–1990), die Jewish Defence League und sowjetische Juden. Medaon 14 (2020), 27 – URL: http://www.medaon.de/pdf/medaon_27_friedman.pdf , '()m n$& in &he business $f bein" l$ved“, Meir Kahane in den -.A #nd in (srael (artin )(eir- /avid :ahane kam am 1. A!"!st 193, in der Jamilie des orthodoQen Babbiners $harles )>ehezkel) :ahane !nd seiner .hefra! Sonia in %rooklyn a!f die Ielt In %rooklyn war $harles :ahane als 1eiter des Babbinical %oard im Stadtviertel Jlatbush !nd als revisionistischer ;ionist bekannt3 der mit dem Schriftsteller Vladimir );e'e#- Jabotinsk@ (18A0+1940-3 dem "eisti"en Vater der b2r"erlichen3 antiliberalen3 anti- sozialistischen !nd nationalistischen revisionistischen Str4m!n" im ;ionism!s3 be6 fre!ndet war A Von Jabotinsk@ an"etan39 schloss sich (eir :ahane der revisionistischen 0!"end6 or"anisation %etar an !nd beteiligte sich nach dem ;weiten Ieltkrie" an einer ?rotestkampa"ne "e"en die Einschr&nk!n" der j2dischen Einwander!n" ins damals noch britische (andats"ebiet ?alästina 10 =eben seinem religiösen St!dium an der %rooklyn 7alm!dic Academ@ !nd an der orthodoQen (irrer >eshiva in %rooklyn st!dierte er in den 1950er Jahren ?olitikwissenschaft !nd Geschichte am %rooklyn $olle"e3 Becht an der %rooklyn 1aw School !nd Internationale %ezieh!n"en an der =ew >ork Universit@ In den sp&ten 1950er !nd fr2hen 1960er Jahren war er als Babbiner am Howard %each Jewish $enter in L!eens )=ew >ork- !nd als Bedakte!r der orthodoQen Iochenzeit!n" 2he $e%ish Press t&tig 11 1963 lieG sich :ahane a!f eine ;!sammenarbeit mit dem J%I ein3 das er mit Informationen 2ber die rechtsradikale antikomm!nistische John %irch Societ@ ver6 sor"te 1, (itte der 1960er Jahre riefen :ahane !nd sein Jre!nd Joseph $h!rba (193C+1996)3 der sp&tere GeheimdiensteQperte !nd %erater des US6?r&sidenten Bonald Bea"an3 die $ul< Fourth Movement ins 1eben3 welche die US6amerikanische (ilit&roperation in Vietnam !nterst2tzte 1D In ihrem ?amphlet 2he $e%ish Stake in 7ietnam (1967- "riffen die einstigen %etar6(it"lieder :ahane !nd $h!rba den j!den6 !nd israelfeindlichen sowjetischen ?atron des komm!nistischen =ordvietnam an !nd kritisierten die Verbreit!n" der Elinken Ideolo"ieF !nter amerikanischen 0!den 1C Seit seiner 0!"end tendierte der Babbiner :ahane z! paramilit&rischen (ethoden !nd hielt die Gr2nd!n" einer j2dischen Unter"r!nd6 bezieh!n"sweise Selbstsch!tz6 or"anisation z!r %ek&mpf!n" des Antisemitism!s in den Vereinigten Staaten f2r notwendig 1H /ieses ?rojekt setzte er in den sp&ten 1960er Jahren tats&chlich !m3 wobei die in =ew >ork entstandene 0/1 "e"en antisemitische Rber"riffe vor allem a!s dem afroamerikanischen !nd weiß-s!prematistischen (ilie! k&mpfte !nd in den fr2hen A Sejka3 (arekM:oTan, Boman: Babbis of o!r 7ime5 A!thorities of 0!daism in the Beli"io!s and ?olitical Ferment of (odern 7imes3 1ondon/=ew
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