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T, Copy Is PUBLIC PROPERTY * * to Rmaoyad from the Official File* UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR J. A. Krug, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director Water-Supply Paper 866 GEOLOGY OF DAM SITES ON THE UPPER TRIBUTARIES OF THE COLUMBIA RIVER IN IDAHO AND MONTANA By C. E. ERDMANN »t, coPy is PUBLIC PROPERTY * * to rMaoyad from the official file*. PRIVATE ^ POSSESSION IS UNLAWFUL (R- s- S*** Vol« Z* W* f»c. 749) UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1947 CONTENTS [The letters in parentheses preceding the titles are those nsed to designate the papers for separate publication] Page (A) Part 1, Katka, Tunnel No. 8, and Kootenai Falls dam sites, Kootenai River, Idaho and Montana. __________________________________ 1 (B) Part 2, Hungry Horse dam and reservoir site, South Fork Flathead River, Flathead County, Mont________________________________ 37 (C) Part 3, Miscellaneous dam sites on the Flathead River upstream from Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Mont_____________________ 117 ILLUSTRATIONS PLATE 1. Index map of northwestern Montana and northeastern Idaho showing location of dam sites on Kootenai River__________ 2 2. Geologic map of Katka dam site, N% sec. 31, T. 62 N., R. 3 E., Boundary County, Idaho__-___---_______-----__--_--_-- 18 3. A, View upstream through Katka dam site, Idaho; B, Kootenai River trench upstream from Katka dam site, Idaho_______ 26 4. A, View downstream through Tunnel No. 8 dam site, Montana; B, Kootenai River trench upstream from Tunnel No. 8 dam site, Montana_________________________________________ 27 5. Geologic map and cross sections of Kootenai Falls dam site, sees. 13 and 14, T. 31 N., R. 33 W., Lincoln County, Montana. 34 6. A, Kootenai River valley above Kootenai Falls, Mont.; B, Right abutment of lower dam site at Kootenai Falls, Mont- 34 7. A, Suggested new location of left abutment at lower Kootenai Falls dam site, Montana; B, View southeast along axis of upper Kootenai Falls dam site, Montana.____________---- 35 8. Geologic map of Hungry Horse dam site, Flathead County, Mont___________________________________________ In pocket 9. Geologic cross sections, Hungry Horse dam site________ In pocket 10. Map of Lion Hill-Abbott Ridge district-________________ In pocket 11. Cross sections of Abbott gorge and Lion Hill gorge, Hungry Horse project____________________________________ In pocket 12. Index map showing location of dam sites and principal reser­ voirs on Flathead River and tributaries above Columbia Falls, Flathead County, Mont., and British Columbia, Canada---_-__-______________-____________-__-_-_- In pocket 13. Geologic map of Columbia Falls dam site, sec. 17, T. 30 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County__________________________ In pocket 14. Geologic map of Bad Rock Canyon dam site, sec. 1, T. 30 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County___________________ In pocket 15. Geologic cross sections at Bad Rock Canyon dam site, sec. 1, T. 30 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County____________ In pocket IV CONTENTS PLATE 16. Geologic map of Coram Canyon dam site, south of center sec. 5, T. 30 N., R. 19 W., Flathead County. _.________ In pocket 17. Geologic cross sections at Coram Canyon dam site, south of center sec. 5, T. 30 N., R. 19 W., Flathead County____ In pocket 18. Geologic map of Lower Canyon Creek dam site, sec. 35, T. 32 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County..___---__________ In pocket 19. Geologic map of Upper Canyon Creek dam site, sec. 27, T. 32 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County...____________ In pocket 20. Geologic cross sections at Upper Canyon Creek dam site, sec. 27, T. 32 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County________ In pocket 21. Preliminary geologic map of Fool Hen dam site, N}_ sec. 23, T. 32, N., R. 20 W., Flathead County___________ In pocket 22. Preliminary cross sections Fool Hen dam site, Flathead River, NH sec. 23, T. 32 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County... In pocket 23. Index map of Glacier View project showing relation of buried gorges to reservoir area and present drainage, Flathead County and Glacier National Park_________________ In pocket 24. Preliminary geologic map of Glacier View dam site, sees. 14, 15, 22, and 23, T. 33 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County In pocket 25. Geologic cross sections Glacier View dam site, Flathead River in vicinity southwest corner sec. 14, T. 33 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County._______________________________ In pocket 26. Geologic cross sections illustrating leakage possibilities from Glacier View reservoir, Flathead County and Glacier National Park________________________________-____________ In pocket FIGURE 1. Geologic map and cross section of Tunnel No. 8 dam site, center NJ_ sec. 28, T. 33 N., R. 34 W., Lincoln County, Mont- 27 2. Index map showing Hungry Horse dam and reservoir site in their relation to the drainage area of South Fork of Flathead River_________________________________ 38 3. Mechanical analyses of glacial boulder clays___ _____-______ 71 4. Diagrammatic section showing regional geologic setting of Hungry Horse dam site._____________-__---_--__-_-_--- 89 5. Diagram showing relation of strike of beds and joints to direction of river flow.________________-__---____---_-__ 92 6. Graphic comparison of dam sections, Hungry Horse site____ 99 7. Typical analyses of river and spring waters, Hungry Horse project-______________________________________________ 103 8. Index map showing relation of buried glacial groges to South Fork of Flathead River and Hungry Horse reservoir. ______ 106 9. Map showing probable major drainage changes of the Upper Flathead River, Flathead County...._____________ 126 10. Geologic cross section at Columbia Falls dam site along stream- gaging cable, sec. 17, T. 30 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County.. 145 11. Geologic cross sections at Lower Canyon Creek dam site, sec. 35, T. 32 N., R. 20 W., Flathead County................. 177 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Harold L. Ickes, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. C. Mendenhall, Director Water-Supply Paper 866-A GEOLOGY OF DAM SITES ON THE UPPER TRIBUTARIES OF THE COLUMBIA RIVER IN IDAHO AND MONTANA PART 1. KATKA, TUNNEL NO. 8, AND KOOTENAI FALLS DAM SITES, KOOTENAI RIVER IDAHO AND MONTANA By C. E. ERDMANN UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1941 For sale toy t&e Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. - - - - Price 25 cents CONTENTS Page Abstract. _________________________________________________________ 1 ntroduction_ _____________________________________________________ 1 Location of the dam site6-___---_-_______-___-___-____-_________ 2 Purpose of proposed dams______________________________________ 2 Literature and mapS-___-_--_--___-_-_-_-_______-_-____________ 3 Cultural development-_________________________________________ 4 Climate ______-______-___--__--___-____-__-____---_____-______ 5 Topography and drainage-__-----_--_______--___---__---__-____ 6 Kootenai River---____-_-___-_-_________-_____-__-__-______ 7 Discharge and drainage area._______________________________ 7 Valley profile____-----------_----_-____--___---_--___-___- 8 Gradient _________________________________________________ 9 Geology __________________________________________________________ 10 Stratigraphy _ _________________________________________________ 10 Pre-Cambrian rocks (Belt series)_________-___---__--________ 10 Tertiary and Quaternary deposits.___________________________ 11 Igneous rocks _________________________________________________ 11 Moyie sills________________________________________________ 11 Geologic structure.________-----__-_____-___-_____-___-________ 12" Leonia fault._____________________________________________ 13 Tunnel No. 8 fault_____----_---__--_______-____--______ 14 Savage Lake fault_________________________________________ 14 Mountain folds__________---_--___-____-___-___-_-___-____ 15 Earthquake probability.___________________________________ 17 atka dam site _____-__---__--_-_-_-_---___-___-___--_____________ 18 Location _____________________________________________________ 18 Stream gradient.______________________________________________ 18 Catchment area_______________________________________________ 18 Purpose of dam.___---_____-_-_-----__--_________-__-_________ 18 Valley profile._.____________________________________ ____ 18 Apparent possible height of dam_______________________________ 18 Character and depth of valley fill________________________________ 18 Country rock_________________________________________________ 18 Dips_________________________________________________________ 1$ Joints._______________________________________________________ 1& Faults______________________________________________________ 20 Ground-water conditions.__--_-____--__--___---__-_-____-______ 20 Permeability, _________________________________________________ 20 Dam section __________________________________________________ 21 Abutments and foundation_____________________________________ 21 Height and length of possible dam_______________________________ 21 Appurtenant works__---_---_-_-_-__---_______-________________ 22 Reservoir area_ _______________________________________________ 22 Conclusions and recommendations_______________________________ 22 in IV CONTENTS Page Tunnel No. 8 dam site-_____-___-___-_-_-_____________----__-______ Location _____________________________________________________ Stream gradient.______________________________________________ Catchment area______________________________________________ Purpose of dam_______________________________________________ Valley profile_________________________________________________ Apparent possible height of dam_______________________________ Character
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