The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 In Shropshire County Produced in Partnership by: Sustainability Group: Shropshire County Council Department of Public Health: Shropshire County Primary Care Trust Contents Contents ..........................................................................................................1 Executive Summary.........................................................................................2 Introduction to the Indices of Deprivation 2007................................................4 Shropshire County profile ................................................................................8 The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007..........................................................11 Income deprivation.........................................................................................19 Employment deprivation ................................................................................32 Health deprivation and disability ....................................................................38 Education, skills and training deprivation .......................................................43 Barriers to housing and services....................................................................59 Crime and disorder deprivation......................................................................75 Living environment deprivation ......................................................................81 District and County Summary ........................................................................97 Appendix......................................................................................................102 The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 in Shropshire County 1 Executive Summary The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 (IMD 2007) is a nationally recognised measure of deprivation at the small area (Super Output Area – SOA) level. It measures deprivation in its broadest sense by assessing indicators relating to income, employment, health and disability, education, skills and training, barriers to housing and services, crime and the living environment. It is an important tool for identifying the most disadvantaged areas in England and can be used locally to help prioritise services and resources to help tackle health inequalities and social exclusion. Shropshire Results • In terms of deprivation overall, 2% of Shropshire County’s population live within the most deprived fifth of areas in England. This has remained unchanged since 2004. Only 4 Shropshire SOAs fall within the most deprived fifth nationally. These are located in Harlescott, Meole Brace, Monkmoor and Castle. 13% live within the least deprived fifth – this represents a 3% decrease from 2004. • 11.0% of Shropshire’s population, 13.2% of children and 15.4% of older people live in income deprivation. These percentages are higher than in 2004 but are still lower than the England average. • 7.9% of Shropshire’s working age population is employment deprived. This rate has improved since 2004 and is lower than the average for England. • 2% of Shropshire’s population live within the most deprived fifth of areas in England when it comes to health deprivation and disability. • In terms of education, skills and training deprivation, 6% of Shropshire’s population live within the most deprived quintile. Levels are highest when looking specifically at adults. • The barriers to housing and services domain overall, and particularly the wider barriers sub-domain experienced profound change since 2004 with Shropshire County becoming more deprived. Overall, 40% of Shropshire’s population live within the fifth most deprived areas in England. In terms of wider barriers, 2% of Shropshire’s population live within the most deprived fifth of areas in England. Whereas in 2004, the majority of Shropshire’s population lived within the least deprived fifth of areas nationally, only 4% do so in 2007. The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 in Shropshire County 2 Shropshire being a rural County experiences high levels of geographical barriers deprivation, with 47% of its population living within the most deprived quintile. • 3% of Shropshire’s population live within the most deprived fifth of areas in England for crime. • 8% of Shropshire’s population live within the most deprived quintile for the living environment. 22% fall within this quintile for the ‘indoors’ sub- domain whereas only 1% do so for the ‘outdoors’ sub-domain. County and District Summary • Overall, Shropshire is a relatively affluent area. Using the average population-weighted scores, Shropshire is ranked as being the 106th most deprived County out of 149 Counties in England (111th in 2004). • There are six summary measures that can be used at District level, these are: Average Score, Average Rank, Extent, Local Concentration, Income Scale, and Employment Scale. Out of all Shropshire Districts, Shrewsbury and Atcham appeared the most deprived in terms of all of these except average score (Oswestry) and average rank (North Shropshire). Bridgnorth appeared least deprived in terms of all measures except income scale and employment scale (both South Shropshire). For further information on the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007, please visit www.odpm.gov.uk/indices or contact: Sabrina de Bellis Stephanie Sear Public Health Intelligence Analyst Research Assistant Department of Public Health Sustainability Group Shropshire County Primary Care Trust Economy and Environment Directorate William Farr House, Mytton Oak Road Shropshire County Council Shrewsbury, SY3 8XL The Shirehall Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND Tel: 01743 261300 Email: Tel: 01743 252 508 [email protected] Email: [email protected] Copies of the full report and executive summary can be downloaded from: www.shropshirepct.nhs.uk or www.shropshireonline.gov.uk The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 in Shropshire County 3 Introduction to the Indices of Deprivation 2007 The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 (IMD 2007) is a nationally recognised measure of deprivation at the small area level. It is an important tool for identifying the most disadvantaged areas in England and can be used locally to help prioritise services and resources to help tackle health inequalities and social exclusion. The Department for Communities and Local Government commissioned the Social Disadvantage Research Centre (SDRC) at the Department of Social Policy and Social Work at the University of Oxford to update the IMD 2004 for England. The new Indices of Deprivation 2007 were produced in December 2007. Although the update is branded as the 2007 version, the majority of data used to construct it was actually taken in 2005 and thus reflects deprivation at that time. HOW THE INDEX IS CALCULATED The model of multiple deprivation which underpins the IMD 2007 is based on the idea of distinct dimensions of deprivation (domains), each with their own additive impact on multiple deprivation, which can be recognised and measured separately. The IMD 2007 brings together a total of 38 different indicators across 7 domains. The scores for each domain are weighted as follows and combined to create the overall IMD 2007 score: The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 in Shropshire County 4 Domains of Examples of measures Weighting deprivation Households on range of Income 22.5% benefits Recipients of Jobseekers Employment Allowance or Incapacity 22.5% Benefit Health, Deprivation and Mortality rates, hospital 13.5% Disability admissions Education, Skills and Educational attainment, 13.5% Training truancy Housing overcrowding, Barriers to Housing and access to owner-occupation 9.3% Services and services (e.g. GP surgery) Burglary, theft, criminal Crime 9.3% damage, violence Living Environment Housing condition, air quality 9.3% The IMD 2007 is based on the small area geography known as Super Output Areas (SOAs). There are 32,482 SOAs in England, each with an average population of 1,500 people. There are several types of SOAs – lower layer SOAs are the kind used for the IMD. Each SOA in England is scored for each domain of deprivation and receives an overall IMD 2007 score. DOMAINS The Income Deprivation Domain measures the percentage of people living in low-income families and also includes two sub-domains: • The IDACI score (Income Deprivation Affecting Children) is the proportion of children 0-15 living in income-deprived households as a proportion of all children 0-15. • The IDAOPI score (Income Deprivation Affecting Older People) refers to adults 60 or over living in pension credit (guarantee) households as a proportion of all those 60 or over. The Employment Domain measures the percentage of people who want to work but are unable to do so due to unemployment, sickness or disability. The Health and Disability Domain identifies areas with relatively high rates of people who die prematurely or whose quality of life is impaired by poor health or who are disabled. The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 in Shropshire County 5 The Education, Skills and Training Domain measures the lack of qualifications amongst children and adults. It is made up of two sub-domains: • Children and young people. • Skills (working age adults). The Barriers to Housing and Services Domain is made up of two sub domains: • Wider barriers: refers to issues relating to access to housing (overcrowding and affordability) and homelessness. • Geographical barriers: measures poor geographical access to key services such as supermarkets and primary schools. The Crime and