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Kumano Kodo Iseji Route

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米原 養老 JCT JCT 岐阜羽島 IC Nagoya-Nishi JCT ACCESS MAP Lake Biwa Nagoya Tokai-Kanjo Expressway Higashi-Meihan Expressway Kumano Kodo Iseji Route Nagoya-Minami 23 Tokaido Shinkansen JCT Suzuka Circuit Yokkaichi Toyota-Higashi JCT Kyoto Formula 1 Japanese Grand Prix Shin- Kusatsu Line 422 JCT Toyota Ise-Wangan Expressway Tomei Expressway Kusatsu JCT JCT Tomei Expressway Chubu Centrair Meishin Expressway Shin-Meishin Expressway 1 International Airport To Ochiai JCT Kameyama JCT 1 Osaka International Airport Kobe JCT Keiji Bypass 23 To Okayama JCT Chugoku Expressway 422 Tsuge Kameyama Joyo IC Iga-Ueno Seki JCT Sanyo Shinkansen 306 Shin-Osaka Second Keihan Highway Uenoshi Kobe 163 163 High-speed boat Tsu IC Lake Hamanako Osaka Kizu IC Tsu Tsu-Nagisamachi Port 浜松 Nara 25 Chita Peninsula Second Hanna Road 165 Osaka-Nanba Iga-Kanbe Matsubara JCT Meihan National Route Ise-Nakagawa To Tokyo Atsumi Peninsula Tenri IC Osaka Bay Matsusaka Ise Bay Koriyama- Mie Prefecture 24 23 Cape Irago Shimotsumichi 42 Nishi-Meihan Expressway JCT 368 Taki Iseshi Ferry Kansai International Airport Iga Yamato-Yagi Toba Gose-Minami IC Ninja Seiwa-Taki JCT Second 170 Gojo-Kita IC Ise-Nishi IC Ise Road 166 Ise IC 165 Kinki Expressway Ise Expressway Yoshino 422 Ise-jingu Shrine Izumisano JCT Yoshino and Omine Kisei Expressway Kinokawa IC Japan 熊野古道 24 Keinawa Expressway Kashikojima English Hashimoto Kumano Kodo Iseji Route 260 Wakayama Gokurakubashi Tokyo Kii-Nagashima IC Take free Kii-Nagashima Mie Koyasan 169 Prefecture 370 168 371 Magose-toge Pass Ama Divers of 480 Miyama IC Ise-Shima Owase-Kita IC Owase 425 Owase-Minami IC Hanwa Expressway Kumano-Owase Road 伊勢路 169 42 311 169 309 Kumano-Odomari IC Matsumoto-toge Pass Kumano Kodo Iseji Route Kumanoshi 311 Main national/prefectural road Expressway Nanki-Tanabe IC Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine 168 (dotted line: scheduled for construction) Kumano Sea 311 Private railroad Kii-Tanabe Kumano Hayatama-taisha Shrine Shinkansen Shingu-Minami IC Shingu Nanki-Shirahama IC Nachi-Katsuura IC JR(Japan Railway) Kisei Expressway Nanki-Shirahama Airport Kumano Nachi-taisha Shrine Nachi-Katsuura Road Port 7 Kii-Katsuura Airport Susami-Minami IC Kushimoto Access by Train Approx. 1 hour 10 minutes by Kintetsu Limited Express Tokyo Station Nagoya Station Matsusaka Station Approx. 1 hour 45 minutes by JR Shinkansen (Nozomi) Approx. 1 hour 15 minutes by JR Limited Express (Wide View Nanki) ―Pilgrimage to Holy Sanctuaries Kyoto Station Approx. 1 hour 50 minutes by Kintetsu Limited Express Osaka-Nanba Station Kii-Nagashima Station Owase Station Kumanoshi Station Shingu Station Approx. 1 hour 30 minutes by Kintetsu Limited Express Approx. 1 hour Approx. 20 minutes Approx. 30 minutes Approx. 20 minutes through the Paths of Prayer Approx. 13 minutes by Kintetsu Limited Express by JR Limited Express by JR Limited Express by JR Limited Express by JR Limited Express Iseshi Station (Wide View Nanki) (Wide View Nanki) (Wide View Nanki) (Wide View Nanki) Approx. 23 minutes by JR Rapid Train (Mie) Access by Car Nagoya Kameyama JCT Approx. 40 minutes via Higashi-Meihan Expressway Approx. 40 minutes via Ise Expressway Kyoto Kusatsu JCT Kameyama JCT Approx. 20 minutes Approx. 45 minutes Approx. 40 minutes via Meishin Expressway via Shin-Meishin Expressway via Ise Expressway Seiwa-Taki JCT Kii-Nagashima IC Miyama IC Owase-Kita IC Owase-Minami IC Kumano-Odomari IC Shingu City Osaka Tenri IC Ise-Seki IC Approx. 30 minutes Approx. 1 hour 10 minutes Approx. 30 minutes Approx. 30 minutes Approx. 15 minutes Approx. 8 minutes Approx. 10 minutes Approx. 20 minutes Approx. 40 minutes via Nishi-Meihan Expressway via Meihan National Route via Ise Expressway via Kisei Expressway via Kisei Expressway via Kisei Expressway via Route 42 via Kumano-Owase Road via Route 42 Ise area Approx. 20 minutes via Ise Expressway Access by Bus Omiya, Ikebukuro, Shinjuku and Yokohama Kii-Nagashima Approx. 8 hours by Mie Kotsu or Seibu Bus Expressway Bus (one overnight bus per day) Approx. 40 minutes Nagoya Kii-Nagashima Owase Kumano Approx. 2 hours 30 minutes by Mie Kotsu Nagoya-Nanki Expressway Bus Approx. 40 minutes Approx. 30 minutes Approx. 2 hours 30 minutes by Mie Kotsu Kumano Kodo Shuttle Bus (one bus per day, reservation required) Tsu and Matsusaka Kii-Nagashima Approx. 1 hour 40 minutes by Mie Kotsu Nanki Expressway Bus Approx. 40 minutes Access by Air Your area Chubu Centrair Tsu-Nagisamachi Tsu Station Kii-Nagashima Station Owase Station Kumanoshi Station Shingu Station Approx. 45 minutes Port Approx. 10 minutes Approx. 1 hour 20 minutes Approx. 20 minutes Approx. 30 minutes Approx. 20 minutes by International Airport by Tsu Airport Line Boat by Mie Kotsu Bus by JR Limited Express by JR Limited Express by JR Limited Express JR Limited Express (Wide View Nanki) (Wide View Nanki) (Wide View Nanki) (Wide View Nanki) Tsu IC Seiwa-Taki JCT Kii-Nagashima IC Miyama IC Owase-Kita IC Owase-Minami IC Kumano-Odomari IC Shingu City Approx. 10 minutes The access information shown here is as of November 2015. via Prefectural Road Please see it when you travel. Approx. 20 minutes Approx. 30 minutes Approx. 15 minutes Approx. 8 minutes Approx. 10 minutes Approx. 20 minutes Approx. 40 minutes via Ise Expressway via Kisei Expressway via Kisei Expressway via Kisei Expressway via Route 42 via Kumano-Owase Road via Route 42 Higashi-Kishu Promotion Division, Mie Prefecture Mie Prefecture Publisher URL： http://www.kodo.pref.mie.lg.jp/ Mail： [email protected] Published in December 2015 World Heritage There are three sacred sites, namely the“Kumano Sanzan (Three Grand Shrines of Kumano),” “Koyasan” and“Yoshino and Omine,” in the Kii Mountain Range located roughly in the center of Japan, and different types of religion, such as Shinto based on nature worship, Buddhism introduced from China and developed in a unique way in Japan and Shugendo spread as a Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes mixture of Shinto and Buddhism, have been fostered there. In July 2004, the three sacred sites and the pilgrimage routes connecting them as well as their traditional cultures developed in harmony between nature and human beings over time were finally recognized by UNESCO as shared properties of all humankind and registered on its in the Kii Mountain Range World Heritage List as“Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range.” Mie Prefecture Tamaki Town Ise City Taki Town 1 Osaka Prefecture Iseji Route Ise-jingu Shrine Nara Prefecture Yoshinoyama Kinpusen-ji 2 Yoshimizu-jinja Takihara-no-miya Shrine Yoshino Mikumari-jinja Jison-in Sacred Site Odai Town Taiki Town Kinpu-jinja Niukanshofu-jinja (Yoshino and Omine) Niutsuhime-jinja Sacred Site (Koyasan) Ominesan-ji 4 3 Kihoku Town Koyasan Choishi-michi Omine Okugake-michi Kongobu-ji Mizugamine 6 5 Kohechi Route 7 Introduction of “Kumano Kodo” “Kumano Kodo Iseji Route” Obako-toge Pass Owase City the Kumano Kodo Iseji Route as the Paths of Prayer that lead to as the Path to Connect Kumano Kodo Center 1 Meki-toge Pass Kumano Sanzan the Two Major Sacred Sites Miura-toge Pass 8 2 Misesaka-toge Pass Kumano Sanzan, which is known as one of the sacred sites in The “Kumano Kodo Iseji Route” is the path to connect Kumano 9 the Kii Mountain Range, consists of three grand shrines of Sanzan (Three Grand Shrines of Kumano) and Ise-jingu Shrine Totsukawa Onsen 11 3 Nisaka-toge Pass 12 Kumano, namely “Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine,” “Kumano that is a very special sacred site for Japanese people. As the 14 10 4 Tsuzurato-toge Pass Hayatama-taisha Shrine” and “Kumano Nachi-taisha Shrine.” old proverb “Seven times to Ise, three times to Kumano” says, 18 Kumano City Ikkoku-toge Pass, Hirakata-toge The origins of those shrines have something to do with nature people in the Edo Period (1603 to 1868) generally had a Wakayama Prefecture 5 Pass and Kumagaya-michi Hatenashi-toge Pass Hana-no-Iwaya Shrine 13 worship respectively, but they came to enshrine the same strong desire to visit them in their lifetime. Maruyama Senmaida 6 Hajikami-toge Pass Hosshinmon-oji 15 deities called “Kumano Sansho Gongen,” which have been It is said that pilgrims in pilgrimage costume crossed a lot of widely venerated by the public. steep mountains to get to Kumano to give a prayer to the Nakahechi Route 7 Magose-toge Pass (on page 4) Since ancient times, many people have made a pilgrimage to deities enshrined there after they had visited Ise-jingu Shrine. Gyuba-doji 17 16 Takijiri-oji Mihama Town 19 8 Crossing Mt.Yakiyama Kumano Sanzan from all over Japan, and the major pilgrimage Today, you can still enjoy the traditional landscapes and feel Takahara Kumano Hongu-taisha Shrine Kumano-jinja routes, such as the “Nakahechi Route” from Tanabe to those the rich history and culture of each area along the “Kumano 20 Shichiri-mihama Beach 9 Miki-toge Pass and Hago-toge Pass Tanabe City Kiho Town shrines (through mountains), the “Ohechi Route” along the coast, Kodo Iseji Route.” Sacred Site Sonejirozaka-Tarozaka Slope (Kumano Sanzan) 10 the “Kohechi Route” connecting Koyasan and those shrines and Kumano Hayatama-taisha Shrine the “Iseji Route” from Ise-jingu Shrine to those shrines, have Nachi-no-Otaki Falls Shingu City 11 Nikishima-toge Pass and Okamizaka-toge Pass Shirahama Town been gradually formed as a result. The pilgrimage routes Nachi Primeval Forest 12 Hadasu-no-michi connecting those shrines and many different places are Tonda-zaka Slope Seiganto-ji 13 Obuki-toge Pass generally known as the “Kumano Kodo.” Ago-no-Watashi remains Nachi-Katsuura Fudarakusan-ji Town Hotoke-zaka Slope 14 Kannon-michi Kumano Nachi-taisha Shrine Susami Town Nagai-zaka 15 Matsumoto-toge Pass (on page 5) Slope Ohechi Route 16 Yokogaki-toge Pass Kareki-nada Sea Kushimoto Town Hashikui-iwa 17 Fuden-toge Pass 18 Tori-toge Pass 19 Hamakaido Road ※Note: not all the passes, paths, etc.
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    0551 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT OF EXPRESSWAY NETWORKS IN JAPAN BASED ON SEISMIC MONITORING Fumio YAMAZAKI1, Hitoshi MOTOMURA2 And Tatsuya HAMADA3 SUMMARY Fragility curves for expressway structures in Japan were proposed based on actual damage data from the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu (Kobe) Earthquake. First, spatial distributions of strong motion indices, e.g., the peak ground acceleration, the peak ground velocity, the JMA seismic intensity, were estimated using Kriging technique, in which attenuation relations of these indices are considered as trend components. The actual damage data for expressway structures in Japan due to the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake were compared with these estimated ground motion indices and then fragility curves were constructed assuming log-normal distributions. Together with a seismic network for the expressway networks, the proposed fragility curves may be used in seismic damage assessment of expressway structures in Japan. INTRODUCTION Japan Highway Public Corporation (JH) owns expressway networks with a total length of 6,456 km (as of April, 1999). In order to gather earthquake information at an early stage (Yamazaki et al., 1998) and to establish an efficient traffic control just after an earthquake, JH had deployed 123 accelerometers along its expressways (1 instrument per 40 km) before the Hyogoken-Nanbu (Kobe) Earthquake on January 17, 1995. JH further deployed 202 new seismometers along its expressways (1 instrument per 20 km together with existing ones) after the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake (Fig. 1). The new instruments can measure the spectrum intensity (SI) and the instrumental JMA (Japan Meteorological Agency) intensity (Shabestari and Yamazaki, 1998) as well as the peak ground acceleration (PGA).
  • Recent Trends in Japanese Transportation Masahiro Sugiyama

    Recent Trends in Japanese Transportation Masahiro Sugiyama

    Recent Trends in Japanese Transportation Masahiro Sugiyama 1. Countermeasures for Natural Disasters 2004 was a year with an unusually high occurrence of natural disasters. There were 10 typhoons from June and the country was visited by heavy rains in the Niigata/Fukushima region and Fukui region in July. The disasters led to more than 230 dead or missing and almost 170,000 homes immersed in water. In October, the Chuetsu Earthquake with an intensity of 7 rocked the country, resulting in 40 deaths and the evacuation of over 100,000 people. In December, furthermore, the Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake and ensuing tsunami, led to approximately 100,000 dead or missing in 10 countries around the Indian Ocean. Many Japanese were among the victims. Faced with such a serious situation, the annual White Paper on Land, Infrastructure and Transport in Japan 2005 published in fiscal 2004 mentions the disaster recovery countermeasures and rebuilding support offered by the national government and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport under the title of "Aiming to Build a Country Resilient to Disasters." This attempt was made to actively respond to social needs, and discussion includes actions taken against heavy rains and typhoons, earthquakes and tsunamis. Chuetsu Earthquake It is essential to quickly restore damaged lifelines such as transportation in (Collapsed lane on Kan-etsu Expressway)� (Photograph: Japan Highway Public Corporation Hokuriku � affected areas as stated in the White Paper. Confirmation made through Branch) Traffic in Japan