The Global Manipulators
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A" Time When Principles Make Best Politics"? the Western Response To
A “Time When Principles Make Best Politics”? The Western Response to “Genocide” in East Pakistan by Richard David Pilkington A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of PhD-History Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Richard David Pilkington 2016 A “Time When Principles Make Best Politics”? The Western Response to “Genocide” in East Pakistan Richard David Pilkington PhD-History Department of History University of Toronto 2016 Abstract This study examines the formulation of and interplay between the US, Canadian, and British policies generated in response to the mass atrocities perpetrated by Islamabad authorities in East Pakistan during 1971. It focuses on the reactions of these three closely-connected North Atlantic powers to the gross human rights abuses, analyzing the decision-making processes in Washington, Ottawa, and London during the crucial first few months of the crisis, identifying the forces at play in determining policy, and investigating the nature, development, and resolution of debates over national interests and ethical concerns. The analysis is built primarily upon documentary evidence from the US National Archives, the Nixon Presidential Materials Project, Library and Archives Canada, and the National Archives of the United Kingdom. In Washington, President Richard Nixon and his national security advisor, Henry Kissinger, exerted great personal influence over the determination of policy and favored a strategy of appeasement. Importantly, their secret initiative to secure rapprochement with China, which only sprang into life at the end of April, did not drive their thinking during the vital first month after the clampdown began as Kissinger has previously claimed. -
Thatcher Papers
Thatcher Papers Catalogue of material open for research (March 2004) Andrew Riley Churchill Archives Centre, Cambridge 2. © Churchill Archives Centre, 2004 Version 1:2 (18.3.04 – AR/CRC) Font: Adobe Minion Pro Thatcher Papers: catalogue of material open for research 3. Overview Digitalised material indicated in red (available for purchase on CD-ROM). pp5-48 Pre-1979 personal papers (THCR 1) [all filmed] 49-50 Correspondence with Howe, Joseph and Lawson, 1975-9 (THCR 2/1) [all filmed] 51-130 Political subject files, 1975-9 [279 folders] (THCR 2/6/1) [partly filmed] 131-52 General election material, 1979 (THCR 2/7/1) [partly filmed] 153-58 Economic briefings, [1962]-79 (THCR 2/12) [all filmed] 159-64 Engagement diaries, 1962-78 (THCR 6/1/1) [partly filmed] 165-70 Papers relating to visit to USA and Canada in September 1975 (THCR 6/4/1) [partly filmed] 171-76 Press cuttings, 1949-80 (THCR 7/1) 177-91 Appendix: Thatcher Digital Archive [stored on CD-ROM; available for copying on CD-ROM] Technical specifications of filming programme by Margaret Thatcher Foundation & copy prices (1) List of Thatcher Papers available on CD-ROM Thatcher Papers: catalogue of material open for research 4. (THCR AS 10/1) (2) List of documents from other collections available on CD-ROM (eg, Reagan Library) (THCR AS 10/2) (3) Archived material from margaretthatcher.org, the official website of the Margaret Thatcher Foundation (THCR AS 10/3) Certain items remain closed at present as they contain copies of official papers supplied to Margaret Thatcher in Opposition or on data protection grounds. -
Cercle Pinay and Its Complex of Groups
ROGUE AGENTS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Habsburg, Pinay and the Private Cold War 1951 - 1991 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- by David Teacher 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Third edition, October 2011 © 1993, 2008 and 2011. All rights strictly reserved. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The author does not necessarily endorse or espouse the contents or opinions of any website which may host this article or any interpretation of this research which may be produced by third parties. He may be contacted at [email protected]. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONTENTS (text-only version without documentary or picture annexes) Introduction (1993) … pg 3 Preface (2008) … pg 6 Foreword (2011) … pg 7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ROGUE AGENTS … … pg 8 Footnotes … … pg 179 Sources Annex … … pg 239 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Documentary Annex … … omitted Rogues' Gallery … … omitted ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NSIC Annex -
Centre on Migration, Policy and Society Working Paper No. 152
Centre on Migration, Policy and Society Working Paper No. 152 University of Oxford, 2020 The Weight of Public Opinion: Tracing the Social and Political Genealogy of the British Nationality Act 1981 Carl Altaner WP-20-152 COMPAS does not have a centre view and does not aim to present one. The views expressed in this document are only those of its independent author Abstract By the time of Margaret Thatcher’s election as Prime Minister in May 1979, it was clear that the UK’s nationality and citizenship regime was no longer fit for purpose. Previous attempts to create a British Citizenship that delineated who ‘belonged’ in the UK in 1962, 1968 and 1971 failed to achieve cohesion. This paper traces the development of efforts by the Conservative Party to streamline nationality, both during its time in opposition and in office. Borrowing from Ruth Wodak’s discourse-historical approach, I examine declassified government documents, relevant speeches in the House of Commons and polling data to assemble a partial picture of the 1981 Act’s turbulent development. Polling data revealed the synonymity of immigration with race relations in public political discourse, and that the electorate is heavily opposed to further immigration. I examine how both Labour and Conservative governments attempted to address this anti-immigration sentiment, and how Thatcher’s Conservatives ultimately were able to harness a palatable yet xenophobic discourse, in the vein of Enoch Powell, in order to push through their Act. Author: Carl Altaner, [email protected] Keywords: Margaret Thatcher, British nationality, Commonwealth, Conservative Party, immigration. 1 Introduction Few scholars, regardless of partisan leaning, deny that Margaret Thatcher was one of the most important politicians of the twentieth century. -
Correspondence
GW ISSN 0001 — 0545 Y 23027 F FREEDOM FOR NATIONS ! CORRESPONDENCE FREEDOM FOR INDIVIDUALS! JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1990 Vol XLI Subjugated Nations Steadily moving on the Road CONTENTS: to Independence ......................................................................... 1 Hundreds of Thousands join Human Chain Across Ukraine ........................................................................ 3 “Rukh” Council of Nations holds Founding Conference, Kyiv, February 11 .................................................................... 11 Saulius Peceliunas The Lithuanian Democratic Party ......................................... 12 Evdokim Evdokimov No Way to turn the Clock Back in Bulgaria ...................... 14 Dr. Max Banush “Romania... Yesterday... Today... Tomorrow!” ................. 17 General Robert Close East-West Relations and Global Strategy ........................... 20 Our Helps is Needed to Maintain the Courage to Fight .. 29 No Force can stop the Boiling Surge for Freedom and Democracy ......................................................................... 31 Message to the 1990 World Freedom Day Rally .............. 33 Hungarian Free Democrats .................................................... 36 What does the Hungarian Democratic Forum want? ....... 39 Ukrainian Orthodox hold Sobor in Lviv .............................. 40 Statement of the Lviv Committee ......................................... 42 Ukrainian Independence Day Commemorated in Congress ............................................................................... -
Rogue Agents
ROGUE AGENTS The Cercle Pinay complex 1951 - 1991 by David Teacher ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Second revision Dec. 2008 © 1993 and 2008. All rights strictly reserved. A former translator at the EU, the author now works as an international administrator in Geneva. He may be contacted at [email protected]. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The author does not necessarily endorse or espouse the contents or opinions of any website which may host this article or any interpretation of this research that may be produced by third parties. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PREFACE (2008) The text which follows is the 100,000 word manuscript of a book intended for publication in 1992-1993 as the culmination of several years of research on the Cercle Pinay complex of groups, some of which had previously appeared in the Lobster magazine in the UK in 1988-1989. Back in those pre-Internet days, publication meant paper; as the text had soon swelled beyond the limits of a Lobster Special Issue, this meant commercial publishers. Ironically foreshadowed in the Introduction, the manuscript fell victim to its main claim to any merit – that it was the first multinational investigation of a paneuropean covert complex, the Cercle Pinay and its many national associates. Editors in several countries expressed great interest in publishing the manuscript … providing that the "foreign bits" could be reduced and the book refocused on their respective countries. With little chance of integral publication, the book project was shelved and, apart from one major revision in 1993-94 to integrate Brian Crozier’s memoirs which confirmed the main thrust of this investigation, the manuscript gathered dust for the next fifteen years. -
Members of the House of Commons Since 1979
BRIEFING PAPER Number CBP 8256, 13 March 2018 Members of the House of By Chris Watson Commons since 1979 Mark Fawcett Contents: 1. Background 2. All Members of the House of Commons since the 1979 General Election www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary ii Members of the House of Commons since 1979 Contents Summary iii Glossary iv 1. Background vii 1.1 Gender vii 1.2 Age viii 1.3 Ethnicity ix 1.4 Occupation x 2. All Members of the House of Commons since the 1979 General Election xi A 1 B 8 C 33 D 53 E 65 F 70 G 80 H 93 I 115 J 116 K 124 L 130 M 142 N 171 O 174 P 178 Q 189 R 189 S 201 T 222 U 231 V 232 W 233 Y 250 Z 251 Contributing Authors: Oliver Hawkins, Richard Cracknell, Lucinda Maer, Richard Kelly, Mark Sandford, Neil Johnston, Hazel Armstrong, Sarah Priddy, Paul Little Cover page image copyright : Attributed to: Theresa May's first PMQs as Prime Minister by UK Parliament. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0 / image cropped. iii Commons Library Briefing, 13 March 2018 Summary Since the 1979 General Election, there have been 2,128 people elected to the House of Commons. Of these, 403 have been women and 1,725 have been men. This publication lists all Members of the House of Commons starting from the 1979 General Election which took place on the 3 May. It is a new edition of our 2010 publication. -
COUNTERSPY Ill.), the Program Is Intended to Enhance - SO PLEASE RENEW RIGHT ----AWAY and DON't the Capabilities of the Defense Department MISS a SINGLE ISSUE
Approved For Release 2010/06/15: CIA-RDP90-00845R000100140004-8 COUThe MagazineNT For PeopleE Who NeedR To Know Volume 6 Number 2 $2 Feb. -April 1982 LIBYAN WITCH-HUNT: THE WAR AT HOME INSIDE BOSS: SOUTH AFRICA'S SECRET POLICE ''WELL YE�. TuE C.\.A. DID PLDT AS5A��1NATION ATTEMPlS ON BRITISH RIGHT CENSORS VARl005 RJllf(CAL LE"AD��, FOR SOUTH AFRICA BlJr 'ffi�E WAG CERTA\NLY 1'0 HARN\ INTENDEb:'.. CQc_LEGE MEDIA SERVICES GREECE: THE LONG XIV CONFERENCE OF ROAD TO FREEDOM AMERICAN ARMIES TURKISH FASCISM THREATENING AS NATO DEMOCRACY THE SANDINISTAS INDIA: UNDER AMNESTY FAULTS FBI THE IMF 'S THUMB GEN. HAIG'S YELLOW RAIN Approved For Release 2010/06/15: CIA-RDP90-00845R000100140004-8 Approved For Release 2010/06/15: CIA-RDP90-00845R000100140004-8 Editorial As a member of the Rockefeller Commis and Secretary of the Navy, James sion to investigate the CIA (set up by Forrestal, one of the creators of the CIA, President Gerald Ford), Ronald Reagan told Congress under oath that "the pur joined in its unanimous recommendation poses of the Central Intelligence Authori that: "Presidents should refrain from di ty are limited definitely to purposes out recting the CIA to perform what are es side of this country.... 11 At almost the sentially internal security tasks. The CIA same time, Forrestal secretly initiated a should resist any efforts, whatever their massive illegal domestic monitoring pro origin, to involve it again in such im gram, Operation Shamrock, which eventually proper activities." The Commission, which was run by the CIA and the National Secu included CIA collaborators, was only ask rity Agency. -
Source Notes
Source notes Archival sources/abbreviation in source notes where applicable AAL Architectural Association, UK ACA Authors’ Club Archives, UK BBCSA BBC Sound Archive, UK BBCWAA BBC Written Archives, Caversham, UK Board of Deputies of British Jews, UK British Film Institute, UK BPN British Pathé News, UK British Postal Museum and Archive, UK CWA City of Westminster Archives Centre, UK Collection of Denis Wyte, UK CPR Collection of Peter Rient, USA CWM College of William and Mary, USA EGSL Earl Gregg Swem Library, the College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, USA FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation, USA FAOH Foreign Affairs Oral History Collection, Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, Arlington, Vermont, USA FDR Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, USA Hoboken Historical Museum, USA Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center, USA IWMD Imperial War Museum, Duxford, UK IWML Imperial War Museum, London, UK LRA Leeds Russian Archive, UK LMA London Metropolitan Archives, UK LTM London Transport Museum, UK MSA Marine Society Archives, UK MONMA Met Office National Meteorological Archive, UK 1 MPHC Metropolitan Police Historical Collection, UK ML Museum of London NAL National Archives, UK NAW National Archives, Washington, USA NMR National Monuments Record , UK NPG National Portrait Gallery, UK NRM National Railway Museum, UK RH Ritz Hotel, London, UK Royal Institute of British Architects, UK TKBU Tyler Kent Archive, Boston University, USA WL Wellcome Library, UK WCA Wheaton College Archive and Special Collections, Illinois, -
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NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY EVANSTON, ILLINOIS The South African Connection RUTH FIRST JONATHAN STEELE CHRISTABEL GURNEY The South African Connection Western Investment in Apartheid TEMPLE SMITH - LONDON First published in Great Britain 1972 by Maurice Temple Smith Ltd 37 Great Russell Street, London wci © 1972 RUTH FIRST, JONATHAN STEELE &CHRISTABEL GURNEY ISBN 0 8511 7029 3 Printed in Great Britain by Billing & Sons Limited, Guildford and London 33 ;.73 F57s Contents I Business and Politics: How They Mix 9 2 The Foundations of the Partnership 23 ,3 The Black Poor Get Poorer 41 '4 The Floating Colour Bar 59 Less pay for equal work 66 Job dilution 71 The border areas 77 5 The Place of Foreign Capital 81 Mining: the magnet for them all 85 Banking and insurance: fund-raisers for apartheid 89 The motor industry: in gear with the Government 95 Textiles: the benefits of cheap labour 98 Chemicals: the giant that needs a market ioI Oil: the Achilles heel 103 Computers: the most advanced sector of them all Io6 6 The Patterns of the Past lo9 7 South Africa's Other Friends 128 The United States 128 France 135 West Germany 137 Japan 142 8 The Companies: Image and Reality 147 NINE CASE STUDIES The Rio Tinto--Zinc Corporation 162 British Leyland 167 Imperial Chemical Industries 172 British Steel Corporation 176 Dunlop Holdings 179 Guest Keen and Nettlefolds 182 General Electric Company i86 General Motors x89 Caltex '9' 9 Experiments and Failures 193 Polaroid 193 Barclays Bank: equal pay for equal work? 200 The Oppenheimer phenomenon 203 io Business Plays Politics 213 The United Kingdom-South Africa Trade Association 216 The South Africa Foundation 221 The British National Export Council 233 The Monday Club 239 i i Recruiting Immigrants for South Africa 243 1 2 Western Trade Follows the South African Flag 255 13 Conclusion 279 Chapter Notes 298 Appendices 316 Tables 330 Index 341 Acknowledgements We have learnt much from others working on the political economy of apartheid, and this will be clear from our detailed references to sources.