Muscovy in 1533
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An Overview of Russian Foreign Policy
02-4498-6 ch1.qxd 3/25/02 2:58 PM Page 7 1 AN OVERVIEW OF RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY Forging a New Foreign Policy Concept for Russia Russia’s entry into the new millennium was accompanied by qualitative changes in both domestic and foreign policy. After the stormy events of the early 1990s, the gradual process of consolidating society around a strengthened democratic gov- ernment took hold as people began to recognize this as a requirement if the ongoing political and socioeconomic transformation of the country was to be successful. The for- mation of a new Duma after the December 1999 parliamen- tary elections, and Vladimir Putin’s election as president of Russia in 2000, laid the groundwork for an extended period of political stability, which has allowed us to undertake the devel- opment of a long-term strategic development plan for the nation. Russia’s foreign policy course is an integral part of this strategic plan. President Putin himself has emphasized that “foreign policy is both an indicator and a determining factor for the condition of internal state affairs. Here we should have no illusions. The competence, skill, and effectiveness with 02-4498-6 ch1.qxd 3/25/02 2:58 PM Page 8 which we use our diplomatic resources determines not only the prestige of our country in the eyes of the world, but also the political and eco- nomic situation inside Russia itself.”1 Until recently, the view prevalent in our academic and mainstream press was that post-Soviet Russia had not yet fully charted its national course for development. -
The Historical Afterlife of Two Capetian Co- Kings Who
Chapter 7 The Historical Afterlife of Two Capetian Co- Kings Who Predeceased Their Fathers William Chester Jordan One of the Capetians’ greatest successes was the smooth and largely unchal- lenged transfers of authority after Hugh Capet until the accession of Philip II Augustus. Every king after Hugh down to and including Philip II had two cor- onations, one as the king’s eldest son and while his father lived, the other after the older man died. This system, co-kingship or associative kingship, has been well- studied by a number of scholars, including notably Andrew Lewis, who have been interested in determining its roots and parallels in other royal and aristocratic traditions of inheritance.1 What it attempted to do was to assure that no king’s death left a power vacuum, since the new king would already be a reigning and anointed monarch. Of course, to what extent any junior king had responsibilities depended on the senior king’s personality, on his health, and on the political conditions in the interval between the son’s accession and his father’s demise. But it is pretty clear that the Capetians were luckier in this respect than several other dynasties that sporadically practiced associative kingship contemporary with them or later on. For example, in the twelfth century Henry II of England’s son, Henry the Young King, was willful, resentful, peevish, stupid, and altogether charming. These are my words, but they mirror W. L. Warren’s in his magisterial 1973 biography of Henry II: “He [the Young King] was gracious, benign, affable, courteous, the soul of liberality and generosity. -
2257-AV-Venice by Night Digi
VENICE BY NIGHT ALBINONI · LOTTI POLLAROLO · PORTA VERACINI · VIVALDI LA SERENISSIMA ADRIAN CHANDLER MHAIRI LAWSON SOPRANO SIMON MUNDAY TRUMPET PETER WHELAN BASSOON ALBINONI · LOTTI · POLLAROLO · PORTA · VERACINI · VIVALDI VENICE BY NIGHT Arriving by Gondola Antonio Vivaldi 1678–1741 Antonio Lotti c.1667–1740 Concerto for bassoon, Alma ride exulta mortalis * Anon. c.1730 strings & continuo in C RV477 Motet for soprano, strings & continuo 1 Si la gondola avere 3:40 8 I. Allegro 3:50 e I. Aria – Allegro: Alma ride for soprano, violin and theorbo 9 II. Largo 3:56 exulta mortalis 4:38 0 III. Allegro 3:34 r II. Recitativo: Annuntiemur igitur 0:50 A Private Concert 11:20 t III. Ritornello – Adagio 0:39 z IV. Aria – Adagio: Venite ad nos 4:29 Carlo Francesco Pollarolo c.1653–1723 Journey by Gondola u V. Alleluja 1:52 Sinfonia to La vendetta d’amore 12:28 for trumpet, strings & continuo in C * Anon. c.1730 2 I. Allegro assai 1:32 q Cara Nina el bon to sesto * 2:00 Serenata 3 II. Largo 0:31 for soprano & guitar 4 III. Spiritoso 1:07 Tomaso Albinoni 3:10 Sinfonia to Il nome glorioso Music for Compline in terra, santificato in cielo Tomaso Albinoni 1671–1751 for trumpet, strings & continuo in C Sinfonia for strings & continuo Francesco Maria Veracini 1690–1768 i I. Allegro 2:09 in G minor Si 7 w Fuga, o capriccio con o II. Adagio 0:51 5 I. Allegro 2:17 quattro soggetti * 3:05 p III. Allegro 1:20 6 II. Larghetto è sempre piano 1:27 in D minor for strings & continuo 4:20 7 III. -
The Historical Legacy for Contemporary Russian Foreign Policy
CHAPTER 1 The Historical Legacy for Contemporary Russian Foreign Policy o other country in the world is a global power simply by virtue of geogra- N phy.1 The growth of Russia from an isolated, backward East Slavic principal- ity into a continental Eurasian empire meant that Russian foreign policy had to engage with many of the world’s principal centers of power. A Russian official trying to chart the country’s foreign policy in the 18th century, for instance, would have to be concerned simultaneously about the position and actions of the Manchu Empire in China, the Persian and Ottoman Empires (and their respec- tive vassals and subordinate allies), as well as all of the Great Powers in Europe, including Austria, Prussia, France, Britain, Holland, and Sweden. This geographic reality laid the basis for a Russian tradition of a “multivector” foreign policy, with leaders, at different points, emphasizing the importance of rela- tions with different parts of the world. For instance, during the 17th century, fully half of the departments of the Posolskii Prikaz—the Ambassadors’ Office—of the Muscovite state dealt with Russia’s neighbors to the south and east; in the next cen- tury, three out of the four departments of the College of International Affairs (the successor agency in the imperial government) covered different regions of Europe.2 Russian history thus bequeaths to the current government a variety of options in terms of how to frame the country’s international orientation. To some extent, the choices open to Russia today are rooted in the legacies of past decisions. -
In the Lands of the Romanovs: an Annotated Bibliography of First-Hand English-Language Accounts of the Russian Empire
ANTHONY CROSS In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of The Russian Empire (1613-1917) OpenBook Publishers To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/268 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917) Anthony Cross http://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2014 Anthony Cross The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the text; to adapt it and to make commercial use of it providing that attribution is made to the author (but not in any way that suggests that he endorses you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Cross, Anthony, In the Land of the Romanovs: An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917), Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/ OBP.0042 Please see the list of illustrations for attribution relating to individual images. Every effort has been made to identify and contact copyright holders and any omissions or errors will be corrected if notification is made to the publisher. As for the rights of the images from Wikimedia Commons, please refer to the Wikimedia website (for each image, the link to the relevant page can be found in the list of illustrations). -
Governance on Russia's Early-Modern Frontier
ABSOLUTISM AND EMPIRE: GOVERNANCE ON RUSSIA’S EARLY-MODERN FRONTIER DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Matthew Paul Romaniello, B. A., M. A. The Ohio State University 2003 Examination Committee: Approved by Dr. Eve Levin, Advisor Dr. Geoffrey Parker Advisor Dr. David Hoffmann Department of History Dr. Nicholas Breyfogle ABSTRACT The conquest of the Khanate of Kazan’ was a pivotal event in the development of Muscovy. Moscow gained possession over a previously independent political entity with a multiethnic and multiconfessional populace. The Muscovite political system adapted to the unique circumstances of its expanding frontier and prepared for the continuing expansion to its east through Siberia and to the south down to the Caspian port city of Astrakhan. Muscovy’s government attempted to incorporate quickly its new land and peoples within the preexisting structures of the state. Though Muscovy had been multiethnic from its origins, the Middle Volga Region introduced a sizeable Muslim population for the first time, an event of great import following the Muslim conquest of Constantinople in the previous century. Kazan’s social composition paralleled Moscow’s; the city and its environs contained elites, peasants, and slaves. While the Muslim elite quickly converted to Russian Orthodoxy to preserve their social status, much of the local population did not, leaving Moscow’s frontier populated with animists and Muslims, who had stronger cultural connections to their nomadic neighbors than their Orthodox rulers. The state had two major goals for the Middle Volga Region. -
Foreign-Language Specialists in Muscovite Russia (16Th and Early 17Th Century)
SLAVICA HELSINGIENSIA 35 ɋɥɸɛɨɜɶɸɤɫɥɨɜɭ Festschrift in Honour of Professor Arto Mustajoki on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday Ed. by Jouko Lindstedt et al. Helsinki 2008 ISBN 978-952-10-5136-4 (paperback), ISBN 978-952-10-5137-1 (PDF), ISSN 0780-3281 Ingrid Maier (University of Uppsala) Foreign-Language Specialists in Muscovite Russia (16th and Early 17th Century) This Festschrift celebrates a highly esteemed colleague, who has devoted his life to teaching Russian and research about the Russian language and Russia, Finland’s neighbor to the East. Arto Mustajoki has been and is, so to say, an intermediary between two cultures. My contribution deals with cultural in- termediaries of an earlier period, more specifically with people who lived in Russia and enabled cultural and political contacts with foreign countries some centuries ago, when foreign languages could neither be learned at school nor studied at university level. This short overview covers the period up to the early 17th century, that is, the time during which knowing a foreign language – especially a West-European one – was still something very exotic for a Russian citizen. Some introductory remarks about the communication between the East Slavs and their non-Slavic neighbors during the middle ages might be ap- propriate. We can assume that bilinguals from frontier regions were used as interpreters in early commercial contacts. However, as H. Raab (1955–1956, 342f.) points out, these “naturally generated” interpreters did not satisfy the needs, and at least from the 13th century young men from the Hanseatic cit- ies – who should not be more than twenty years old – were sent to Novgorod and Pskov specifically to learn Russian. -
Program Brochure MIPRO 2019.Pdf
INNOVATIVE PROMOTIONAL PARTNERSHIP 42nd international convention on information and communication technology, electronics and microelectronics PROGRAM May 20 - 24, 2019, Opatija, Croatia Grand Hotel Adriatic & Remisens Hotel Admiral [email protected] • www.mipro.hr 2 1 PRESS 6 5 NAVA 2 NAVA 1 ENTRANCE ENTRANCE RECEPTION HOTEL MAIN ENTRANCE LEVEL 0 NAVA 2 NAVA 1 WORKING AREA HOTEL RECEPTION RADNI PROSTOR GALIJA LIBURNA LEUT B ENTRANCE ENTRANCE ENTRANCE LEUT B LEVEL - 4 GALIJA LIBURNA LEUT A LEUT A ENTRANCE PROMENADE ENTRANCE HOTEL REMISENS HOTEL ADMIRAL LECTURE ROOMS - DVORANE Welcome to MIPRO 2019, the biggest non-commercial ICT convention in the region We are living in an extremely challenging period of ICT-based technical development which results: personalization, region- alization and globalization. By following our mission in inter- action with intense ICT development, we connect science, technology and economy this year again. We particularly em- phasize the networking and strategy which follow EU’s tech- nological policies and development directions, with a focus on Artificial intelligence and Smart environments. The MIPRO 2019 Program is based primarily on its efforts to make the economy in the ICT domain contemporary and adaptable to world market demands and national interests at the time of these challenging digital transformations. It is implemented through a series of international conferences and program segments (workshops, thematic day, panels, tutorials, forums and exhibi- tion) under the slogan: “MIPRO 2019 - Innovative Promotional Partnership”. On behalf of the International Program Committee we express our sincere gratitude to our partners and sponsors. Come to magical, ancient and sunny Opatija, participate in MIPRO 2019 and be part of the ICT events from May 20 – 24, 2019. -
History of Altdorf
History of Altdorf By Alfred Nuñez Jr. with Arne Dam Additional background provided by Tim Eccles, Anthony Ragan and Ryan Wileman Centuries before the birth of Sigmar, the Unberogen tribe settled along the western valleys of the River Reik and its tributaries. They were a farming tribe and one of the largest and more powerful in the land north of the Black Mountains. In time, they built small villages and became prosperous. The largest settlement in the entire land , Reikdorf, was founded by the Unberogens long before the appearance of the twin-tailed comet and the birth of Sigmar. The Coming of Sigmar There are many myths surrounding Sigmar in his youth, many based upon whatever historical records can be found. During that time, the Dwarfs and Humans warred against the Orcs and Goblins who infested the forests and hills from the Dark Lands far to the east. Word came to the Tribes that the Dwarf High King wanted to meet with the elders in the newly founded trading village of Nuln to plan their next attack. The Unberogen chieftain, Gertar, brought his strappingly son in order to teach the lad the negotiation skills needed for one to become a successful leader of men. The Dwarf High King was uncharacteristically late for the council. While the gathered chieftains grew more concerned, Sigmar left Nuln and trekked eastward along the River Aver. In a small wood, Sigmar came upon an encampment of Orcs and Goblins. He crept up to their camp and noticed that the wounded High King Kurgan Ironbeard was their captive. -
Human Remains and Identification
Human remains and identification HUMAN REMAINS AND VIOLENCE Human remains and identification Human remains Human remains and identification presents a pioneering investigation into the practices and methodologies used in the search for and and identification exhumation of dead bodies resulting from mass violence. Previously absent from forensic debate, social scientists and historians here Mass violence, genocide, confront historical and contemporary exhumations with the application of social context to create an innovative and interdisciplinary dialogue. and the ‘forensic turn’ Never before has a single volume examined the context of motivations and interests behind these pursuits, each chapter enlightening the Edited by ÉLISABETH ANSTETT political, social, and legal aspects of mass crime and its aftermaths. and JEAN-MARC DREYFUS The book argues that the emergence of new technologies to facilitate the identification of dead bodies has led to a ‘forensic turn’, normalizing exhumations as a method of dealing with human remains en masse. However, are these exhumations always made for legitimate reasons? And what can we learn about societies from the way in which they deal with this consequence of mass violence? Multidisciplinary in scope, this book presents a ground-breaking selection of international case studies, including the identification of corpses by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, the resurfacing ANSTETTand of human remains from the Gulag and the sites of Jewish massacres from the Holocaust. Human remains -
The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471
- THE CHRONICLE OF NOVGOROD 1016-1471 TRANSLATED FROM THE RUSSIAN BY ROBERT ,MICHELL AND NEVILL FORBES, Ph.D. Reader in Russian in the University of Oxford WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY C. RAYMOND BEAZLEY, D.Litt. Professor of Modern History in the University of Birmingham AND AN ACCOUNT OF THE TEXT BY A. A. SHAKHMATOV Professor in the University of St. Petersburg CAMDEN’THIRD SERIES I VOL. xxv LONDON OFFICES OF THE SOCIETY 6 63 7 SOUTH SQUARE GRAY’S INN, W.C. 1914 _. -- . .-’ ._ . .e. ._ ‘- -v‘. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE General Introduction (and Notes to Introduction) . vii-xxxvi Account of the Text . xxx%-xli Lists of Titles, Technical terms, etc. xlii-xliii The Chronicle . I-zzo Appendix . 221 tJlxon the Bibliography . 223-4 . 225-37 GENERAL INTRODUCTION I. THE REPUBLIC OF NOVGOROD (‘ LORD NOVGOROD THE GREAT," Gospodin Velikii Novgorod, as it once called itself, is the starting-point of Russian history. It is also without a rival among the Russian city-states of the Middle Ages. Kiev and Moscow are greater in political importance, especially in the earliest and latest mediaeval times-before the Second Crusade and after the fall of Constantinople-but no Russian town of any age has the same individuality and self-sufficiency, the same sturdy republican independence, activity, and success. Who can stand against God and the Great Novgorod ?-Kto protiv Boga i Velikago Novgoroda .J-was the famous proverbial expression of this self-sufficiency and success. From the beginning of the Crusading Age to the fall of the Byzantine Empire Novgorod is unique among Russian cities, not only for its population, its commerce, and its citizen army (assuring it almost complete freedom from external domination even in the Mongol Age), but also as controlling an empire, or sphere of influence, extending over the far North from Lapland to the Urals and the Ob. -
À / Monsieur / Monsieur Leopold Mozart / Maitre De La Chapelle / De Et À / Salzbourg Vienne Ce 16 De Janvier Mon Trés Cher Pére!1 1782
0659. MOZART TO HIS FATHER, SALZBURG À / Monsieur / Monsieur Leopold Mozart / maitre de la Chapelle / de et à / Salzbourg vienne ce 16 de Janvier Mon trés cher Pére!1 1782 [5] I thank you for your letter,2 so concerned for my good and full of affection! – If I wished to give you a detailed answer to everything, I would have to fill up a whole book of paper. – Now, because that is impossible, I will answer only the most essential points. The name of the guardian is Herr von Thorwarth3 – he is the inspecteur of the theatre wardrobe – in a word, everything that has any influence at all on the theatre has to go through his hands. [10] – it was also through him that the 50 ducats4 from the Emperor5 were sent. – It is also with him that I spoke regarding the concert in the theatre, because it mostly depends on him, – and he stands high in the estimation of Count Rosenberg6 and Baron Kienmayr.7 – I must confess to you that I personally thought he would disclose the whole thing to you without saying a word to me; [15] – and the fact that he did not do this, but announced it |: despite his Word of Honour :| to the whole city of Vienna, detracted for me greatly from the good opinion that I had of him. – That Mad:me Weber8 and Herr von Thorwarth may have acted in error out of too much concern for their own security: I am quite happy you grant them that, [20] although Madame is no longer free to decide as she wishes and has to put herself entirely in the guardian’s hands, especially in things of this kind; and the latter |: since he never knew me :| truly does not owe me any trust – yet – he was too hasty in demanding a written assurance9 – that is undeniable; – [25] especially since I told him that you did not yet know anything about it, and that I could not possibly disclose it to you now; – he should therefore just be so kind as to be patient a little while until my circumstances took a better turn, then I would write to you with everything, and then the whole matter would be put in order.