DOCSLIB.ORG

This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: • This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. • A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. • This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. • The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. • When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. THE LIBRARY OF CHARLES ARESKINE (1680-1763): SCOTTISH LAWYERS AND BOOK COLLECTING, 1700-1760 Karen Grudzien Baston PhD The University of Edinburgh 2011 Abstract The thesis uses the study of an individual’s book collection to examine wider themes in eighteenth century Scottish legal, social, political, and intellectual history. Charles Areskine’s library was made up of the books he needed as an advocate and judge, the texts he wanted to use to better understand the law and its history, and the books he used to enhance his ability to participate in the intellectual milieu of early eighteenth century Britain. Charles Areskine of Alva, Lord Tinwald (1680-1763) was an important Scottish lawyer and judge. Following a legal education in the Netherlands, he became an advocate and was called to the Bar in 1711. Areskine’s legal career was very successful and he attained high positions in the Scottish legal establishment becoming Lord Advocate (1737-1742) and Lord Justice Clerk (1748-1763). He was appointed to the bench as Lord Tinwald in1744. He served in parliament and developed his country estates at Tinwald in Dumfriesshire and at Alva in Clackmannanshire. Areskine is an interesting figure in the early Scottish Enlightenment not least because he began his career not in legal but in academic circles. He was a regent at the University of Edinburgh when he was barely out of his teens and from 1707 to 1734 he was the first Professor of the Law of Nature and Nations at Edinburgh. Areskine was also a traveller, a client of the earl of Ilay, a friend to philosophers, a patron of the arts, and a book collector. A manuscript which lists of the contents of Areskine’s library survives in the National Library of Scotland as NLS MS 3283. ‘Catalogŭs Librorŭm D. Dni. Caroli Areskine de Barjarg, Regiarŭm Causarum Procŭratoris. 1731’ lists 1290 titles divided into books on legal topics, which are not given any specific headings, and ‘Libri Miscellanei’. Although it is clearly dated as 1731, the manuscript was continuously added to and acted as a library catalogue throughout Areskine’s life. The list provides important evidence about Areskine’s participation in the legal, intellectual, and cultural concerns of the early Scottish Enlightenment. Areskine’s law books provide evidence for his scholarly interest in the history of law while showing the types of books lawyers turned to in order to fashion their arguments in the courts. His ‘miscellaneous’ books demonstrate his engagement with the wider cultural concerns of the first half of the eighteenth century. The books that eighteenth century Scottish lawyers owned provide evidence for their interests and influence. Areskine was not unique: his book collecting was part of a wider tradition among Scottish lawyers. Areskine’s legally educated patron, Archibald Campbell, had one of the largest private libraries in Britain and his colleagues on the Bench, Lord Arniston and Lord Hailes, created collections which they stored in specially built rooms in their houses. Because so many of them survive in the Alva Collections of the Advocates Library and the National Library of Scotland, it has been possible to examine Areskine’s books for clues about who owned them before he did and what happened to them after his death. Several inscriptions and bookplates survive in the Alva books which give evidence for a lively book market which was centred on the Scottish legal community. Advocates bought and sold many of their books at auctions. This study shows that books on topics of interest to Scottish lawyers changed hands and stayed in use for decades. 2 Declaration I, Karen Grudzien Baston, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 97,340 words in length, has been written by me, that it is a record of work carried out by me, and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. Signature Date 3 Acknowledgements This thesis was made possible by Professor John W. Cairns and Dr Brian Hillyard who identified the topic and arranged for it to be the basis of an application to the Arts and Humanities Research Council for collaborative funding. It has been a pleasure to work with them and with Dr Paul du Plessis as my supervisors for the past three years. Their knowledge has greatly enhanced this thesis. I am grateful for their intellectual and moral support and for the care and attention they have given both me and the thesis. It has been an unforgettable and valuable experience and I hope to have the privilege of working with all of them again in future. I am grateful to the Rare Books staff at the National Library of Scotland, especially Robert Betteridge and George Stanley, for their help with the Alva Collection books in their care. I am also grateful for the assistance of National Library’s reading room staff for their professionalism and courtesy. I am grateful to the Advocates Library’s Senior Librarian Andrea Longson who allowed me to have special access to the collections in her care. I am also grateful to Mungo Bovey, QC, the Keeper of the Library, for allowing me access to the Alva Collection and to Alan Dewar, QC, the Treasurer of the Faculty of Advocates, for allowing access to his office which is where the Alva Collection is shelved today. Special mention and thanks must also go to Angela Schofield and Rosemary Paterson who went above and beyond (for some of the books quite literally!) to supply the Alva materials. I am grateful to the archivist at Dollar Academy, Janet Carolan, and to Ian Murray of Clackmannanshire Archives for their help in piecing together aspects of Areskine’s Alva legacy. I owe thanks to those who attended my presentations in Aberdeen (Civil Law Centre Conference, Eighteenth Century Scottish Studies Society Conference), Cambridge (Cambridge Legal History Colloquium), Edinburgh (Edinburgh Legal History Discussion Group, National Library of Scotland, Scottish History Seminar), and London (Birkbeck Early Modern Society) throughout the course of the thesis and offered comments, suggestions, and enthusiasm for the project. Thanks also to the Postgraduate Research Committee at the Edinburgh School of Law for opportunities to share my research with the School and for valuable feedback. I also owe thanks to Lewis Baston, Amy Dalrymple, Artemis Gause, Mark Godfrey, Matthew Happold, Michael Hunter, Ross Macdonald, Rebecca MacLeod, Hector MacQueen, Sarah Mann, Alexander Murdoch, Hannah Nicholson, Kenneth Reid, Jill Robbie, Findlay Stark, and Adelyn Wilson for their various kindnesses, personal and academic. I must also thank the staff and volunteers at the Georgian House in Edinburgh, the staff at the Signet Library, and my friends in the Birkbeck Early Modern Society for their support, understanding, and empathy as I drafted this thesis. Special thanks go to James Hamilton who has provided intellectual support, acted as a sounding board, picked up the pieces in tough times, and has proofread, discussed, endured countless presentation practice sessions, and inspired this thesis every step of the way. This thesis could not have happened without his help and it is dedicated to him. Finally, I must recognise the support of the Arts and Humanities Research Council without which this thesis would not have been written. 4 Abbreviations Alva Coll. Alva Collection, Advocates Library AL Advocates Library (http://voyager.advocates.org.uk) BL British Library (http://www.bl.uk) BLLUC Berkeley Law Library, University of California (http://www.law.berkeley.edu/library.htm) BNF Bibliothèque Nationale de France (http://www.bnf.fr/fr/acc/x.accueil.html) BSB Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (http://opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de) COPAC Copac National, Academic, & Specialist Library Catalogue (http://www.copac.ac.uk) CUL Cambridge University Library (http://ul-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk) CUP Cambridge University Press EDIT16 Census of Italian 16th Century Editions (http://edit16.iccu.sbn.it/web_iccu/eimain.htm) ESTC English Short Title Catalogue (http://estc.bl.uk) EUL Edinburgh University Library (http://www.lib.ed.ac.uk/) EUP Edinburgh University Press Folger Folger Shakespeare Library (http://shakespeare.folger.edu/) FVB French vernacular books: books published in the French language before 1601 (Leiden: Brill, 2007) GAL Grizel Areskine’s Library Catalogue, 1729 (NLS MS 5161) GUL Glasgow University Library (http://www.lib.gla.ac.uk/) HBLL Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University (http://www.lib.byu.edu) HL Houghton Library, Harvard University (http://hcl.harvard.edu/libraries/houghton) HMSO Her (or His) Majesty’s Stationery Office ISTC Incunabula Short Title Catalogue (http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/istc/index.html) LAS Lord
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ROBERT BURNS and PASTORAL This Page Intentionally Left Blank Robert Burns and Pastoral
    ROBERT BURNS AND PASTORAL This page intentionally left blank Robert Burns and Pastoral Poetry and Improvement in Late Eighteenth-Century Scotland NIGEL LEASK 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX26DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Nigel Leask 2010 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available Typeset by SPI Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by MPG Books Group, Bodmin and King’s Lynn ISBN 978–0–19–957261–8 13579108642 In Memory of Joseph Macleod (1903–84), poet and broadcaster This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgements This book has been of long gestation.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Canongate 1.1. Background Canongate's Close Proximity to The
    Edinburgh Graveyards Project: Documentary Survey For Canongate Kirkyard --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Canongate 1.1. Background Canongate’s close proximity to the Palace of Holyroodhouse, which is situated at the eastern end of Canongate Burgh, has been influential on both the fortunes of the Burgh and the establishment of Canongate Kirk. In 1687, King James VII declared that the Abbey Church of Holyroodhouse was to be used as the chapel for the re-established Order of the Thistle and for the performance of Catholic rites when the Royal Court was in residence at Holyrood. The nave of this chapel had been used by the Burgh of Canongate as a place of Protestant worship since the Reformation in the mid sixteenth century, but with the removal of access to the Abbey Church to practise their faith, the parishioners of Canongate were forced to find an alternative venue in which to worship. Fortunately, some 40 years before this edict by James VII, funds had been bequeathed to the inhabitants of Canongate to erect a church in the Burgh - and these funds had never been spent. This money was therefore used to build Canongate Kirk and a Kirkyard was laid out within its grounds shortly after building work commenced in 1688. 1 Development It has been ruminated whether interments may have occurred on this site before the construction of the Kirk or the landscaping of the Kirkyard2 as all burial rights within the church had been removed from the parishioners of the Canongate in the 1670s, when the Abbey Church had became the chapel of the King.3 The earliest known plan of the Kirkyard dates to 1765 (Figure 1), and depicts a rectilinear area on the northern side of Canongate burgh with arboreal planting 1 John Gifford et al., Edinburgh, The Buildings of Scotland: Pevsner Architectural Guides (London : Penguin, 1991).
    [Show full text]
  • Foi-17-02802
    Annex B Deputy First Minister’s briefing for James Wolffe meeting on 3 March 2016: Meeting with James Wolffe QC, Dean of Faculty of Advocates 14:30, 3 March 2016 Key message Support efforts to improve the societal contribution made by the courts. In particular the contribution to growing the economy Who James Wolffe QC, Dean of Faculty of Advocates What Informal meeting, principally to listen to the Dean’s views and suggestions Where Parliament When Date Thursday 3 March 2016 Time 14:30 pm Supporting Private Office indicated no officials required officials Briefing and No formal agenda agenda Annex A: Background on Faculty and biography of Mr Wolffe Annex B: Key lines Annex C: Background issues Copy to: Cabinet Secretary for Justice Minister for Community Safety and Legal Affairs DG Learning and Justice DG Enterprise, Environment and Innovation Neil Rennick, Director Justice Jan Marshall [REDACTED] Nicola Wisdahl Cameron Stewart [REDACTED] John McFarlane, Special Adviser Communications Safer & Stronger St Andrew’s House, Regent Road, Edinburgh EH1 3DG www.scotland.gov.uk MEETING WITH JAMES WOLFFE QC ANNEX A Background The Faculty of Advocates is an independent body of lawyers who have been admitted to practise as Advocates before the Courts of Scotland. The Faculty has been in existence since 1532 when the College of Justice was set up by Act of the Scots Parliament, but its origins are believed to predate that event. It is self- regulating, and the Court delegates to the Faculty the task of preparing Intrants for admission as Advocates. This task involves a process of examination and practical instruction known as devilling, during which Intrants benefit from intensive structured training in the special skills of advocacy.
    [Show full text]
  • C:\Data\WP\F\200\Catalogue Sections\Aaapreliminary Pages.Wpd
    Jonathan A. Hill, Bookseller, Inc. 325 West End Avenue, Apt. 10B New York City, New York, 10023-8145 Tel: 646 827-0724 Fax: 212 496-9182 E-mail: [email protected] Catalogue 200 Proofs Science, Medicine, Natural History, Bibliography, & Much More Introduction & Selective Subject Index on Following Pages Introduction TWO HUNDRED CATALOGUES in thirty-three years: more than 35,000 books and manuscripts have been described in these catalogues. Thousands of other books, including many of the most important and unusual, never found their way into my catalogues, having been quickly sold before their descriptions could appear in print. In the last fifteen years, since my Catalogue 100 appeared, many truly exceptional books passed through my hands. Of these, I would like to mention three. The first, sold in 2003 was a copy of the first edition in Latin of the Columbus Letter of 1493. This is now in a private collection. In 2004, I was offered a book which I scarcely dreamed of owning: the Narratio Prima of Rheticus, printed in 1540. Presenting the first announcement of the heliocentric system of Copernicus, this copy in now in the Linda Hall Library in Kansas City, Missouri. Both of the books were sold before they could appear in my catalogues. Finally, the third book is an absolutely miraculous uncut copy in the original limp board wallet binding of Galileo’s Sidereus Nuncius of 1610. Appearing in my Catalogue 178, this copy was acquired by the Library of Congress. This is the first and, probably the last, “personal” catalogue I will prepare.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Civil Procedure Rules First Report
    The New Civil Procedure Rules First Report May 2017 Contents Foreword ........................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 3 Background to the rules rewrite project.............................................................................. 3 The Acts ........................................................................................................................ 3 The Rules Rewrite Working Group ................................................................................. 4 The Rules Rewrite Drafting Team and implementation of the 2014 Act .......................... 5 The Rules Rewrite Project ................................................................................................. 6 The scope of the project ................................................................................................. 6 Matters out with the scope of the project ........................................................................ 8 Purpose of this report ........................................................................................................ 9 Discussion papers .......................................................................................................... 9 Engagement with the public and the professions ......................................................... 10 Chapter 2. A statement of principle .............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Newton.Indd | Sander Pinkse Boekproductie | 16-11-12 / 14:45 | Pag
    omslag Newton.indd | Sander Pinkse Boekproductie | 16-11-12 / 14:45 | Pag. 1 e Dutch Republic proved ‘A new light on several to be extremely receptive to major gures involved in the groundbreaking ideas of Newton Isaac Newton (–). the reception of Newton’s Dutch scholars such as Willem work.’ and the Netherlands Jacob ’s Gravesande and Petrus Prof. Bert Theunissen, Newton the Netherlands and van Musschenbroek played a Utrecht University crucial role in the adaption and How Isaac Newton was Fashioned dissemination of Newton’s work, ‘is book provides an in the Dutch Republic not only in the Netherlands important contribution to but also in the rest of Europe. EDITED BY ERIC JORINK In the course of the eighteenth the study of the European AND AD MAAS century, Newton’s ideas (in Enlightenment with new dierent guises and interpre- insights in the circulation tations) became a veritable hype in Dutch society. In Newton of knowledge.’ and the Netherlands Newton’s Prof. Frans van Lunteren, sudden success is analyzed in Leiden University great depth and put into a new perspective. Ad Maas is curator at the Museum Boerhaave, Leiden, the Netherlands. Eric Jorink is researcher at the Huygens Institute for Netherlands History (Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences). / www.lup.nl LUP Newton and the Netherlands.indd | Sander Pinkse Boekproductie | 16-11-12 / 16:47 | Pag. 1 Newton and the Netherlands Newton and the Netherlands.indd | Sander Pinkse Boekproductie | 16-11-12 / 16:47 | Pag. 2 Newton and the Netherlands.indd | Sander Pinkse Boekproductie | 16-11-12 / 16:47 | Pag.
    [Show full text]
  • Title Page R.J. Pederson
    Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/22159 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation Author: Pederson, Randall James Title: Unity in diversity : English puritans and the puritan reformation, 1603-1689 Issue Date: 2013-11-07 Chapter 3 John Downame (1571-1652) 3.1 Introduction John Downame (or Downham) was one of the greatest exponents of the precisianist strain within Puritanism during the pre-revolutionary years of the seventeenth century, a prominent member of London Puritanism, and renowned casuist.1 His fame rests chiefly in his nineteen published works, most of which were works of practical divinity, such as his four-part magnum opus, The Christian Warfare (1604-18), and his A Guide to Godlynesse (1622), a shorter, though still copious, manual for Christian living. Downame was also known for his role in publishing two of the most popular theological manuals: Sir Henry Finch’s The Summe of Sacred Divinitie (1620), which consisted of a much more expanded version of Finch’s earlier Sacred Doctrine (1613), and Archbishop James Ussher’s A Body of Divinitie (1645), which was published from rough manuscripts and without Ussher’s consent, having been intended for private use.2 Downame also had a role in codifying the Westminster annotations on the Bible, being one of a few city ministers to work on the project, though he never sat at the Westminster Assembly.3 Downame’s older brother, 1 Various historians from the seventeenth century to the present have spelled Downame’s name differently (either Downame or Downham). The majority of seventeenth century printed works, however, use “Downame.” I here follow that practice.
    [Show full text]
  • Christopher Upton Phd Thesis
    ?@A374? 7; ?2<@@7?6 81@7; 2IQJRSOPIFQ 1$ APSON 1 @IFRJR ?TCMJSSFE GOQ SIF 3FHQFF OG =I3 BS SIF ANJUFQRJSX OG ?S$ 1NEQFVR '.-+ 5TLL MFSBEBSB GOQ SIJR JSFM JR BUBJLBCLF JN >FRFBQDI0?S1NEQFVR/5TLL@FWS BS/ ISSP/%%QFRFBQDI#QFPORJSOQX$RS#BNEQFVR$BD$TK% =LFBRF TRF SIJR JEFNSJGJFQ SO DJSF OQ LJNK SO SIJR JSFM/ ISSP/%%IEL$IBNELF$NFS%'&&()%(,)* @IJR JSFM JR PQOSFDSFE CX OQJHJNBL DOPXQJHIS STUDIES IN SCOTTISH LATIN by Christopher A. Upton Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of St. Andrews October 1984 ýýFCA ýý£ s'i ý`q. q DRE N.6 - Parentibus meis conjugique meae. Iý Christopher Allan Upton hereby certify that this thesis which is approximately 100,000 words in length has been written by men that it is the record of work carried out by me and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. ý.. 'C) : %6 date .... .... signature of candidat 1404100 I was admitted as a research student under Ordinance No. 12 on I October 1977 and as a candidate for the degree of Ph. D. on I October 1978; the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between 1977 and 1980. $'ý.... date . .. 0&0.9 0. signature of candidat I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate to the degree of Ph. D. of the University of St Andrews and that he is qualified to submit this thesis in application for that degree.
    [Show full text]
  • Slater V. Baker and Stapleton (C.B. 1767): Unpublished Monographs by Robert D. Miller
    SLATER V. BAKER AND STAPLETON (C.B. 1767): UNPUBLISHED MONOGRAPHS BY ROBERT D. MILLER ROBERT D. MILLER, J.D., M.S. HYG. HONORARY FELLOW MEDICAL HISTORY AND BIOETHICS DEPARTMENT SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON PRINTED BY AUTHOR MADISON, WISCONSIN 2019 © ROBERT DESLE MILLER 2019 BOUND BY GRIMM BOOK BINDERY, MONONA, WI AUTHOR’S INTRODUCTION These unpublished monographs are being deposited in several libraries. They have their roots in my experience as a law student. I have been interested in the case of Slater v. Baker and Stapleton since I first learned of it in law school. I was privileged to be a member of the Yale School Class of 1974. I took an elective course with Dr. Jay Katz on the protection of human subjects and then served as a research assistant to Dr. Katz in the summers of 1973 and 1974. Dr. Katz’s course used his new book EXPERIMENTATION WITH HUMAN BEINGS (New York: Russell Sage Foundation 1972). On pages 526-527, there are excerpts from Slater v. Baker. I sought out and read Slater v. Baker. It seemed that there must be an interesting backstory to the case, but it was not accessible at that time. I then practiced health law for nearly forty years, representing hospitals and doctors, and writing six editions of a textbook on hospital law. I applied my interest in experimentation with human beings by serving on various Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) during that period. IRBs are federally required committees that review and approve experiments with humans at hospitals, universities and other institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • Download 1 File
    ' ^. .V* V ',• .'.-V ^ *7^ Digitized by tine Internet Arcliive in 2009 witli funding from Ontario Council of University Libraries http://www.arGhive.org/details/isaacpitmansshorOOpitm ISAAC PITMAN'S SHORTHAND INSTRUCTOR A COMPLETE EXPOSITION OF ISAAC PITMAN'S SYSTEM OF PHONOGRAPHY /^. NEW YORK ISAAC PITMAN & SONS, 2 WEST 45th STREET Toronto. Canada The Commercial Text-Book Co. The Copp, Clark Co.. Limited J9W Copyright, 1916, by Isaac Pitman & SoNa Copyright, 1913, by Isaac Pitman & Sons Copyright, 1910, by Isaac Pitman & Sons Copyright, 1905, by Isaac Pitman & Sons Copyright, 1901, by Isaac Pitman & Sons Copyright, 1899, by Isaac Pitman & Sons Copyright, 1893, by Isaac Pitman This new and revised edition op Isaac Pitman's System of Shorthand is the exclusive copyright of Isaac Pitman & Sons, in the United States of America and the British Empire, as well as in all coun- tries INCLUDED IN THE BeRNE CONVENTION, AND IT WILL BE AN INFRINGEMENT OP SUCH COPYRIGHT IF MATTER FROM IT BE REPRODUCED IN ANY PUBLICATION WITHOUT WRITTEN PER- MISSION. The DEVICE which appears on the cover and THE facsimile SIGNATURE ARE THE SUBJECT OP PROTECTION UNDER THE TrADE MaRK Laws of the United States of America ANr THE British Empire. Printed by J. J. Little Sc Ives Co. New York City PREFACE. THE system of shorthand writing presented in the following pages was invented by Sir Isaac Pitman, who in 1837 pubUshed his first treatise on the art. In 1840 the second edition of his work appeared, under the title " Phonogi-aphy, or Writing by Sound, being also a New and Natural System of Shorthand." In the numerous editions of Phonography pubhshed in succeeding years, many improvements were introduced.
    [Show full text]
  • The Intellectual Background of the Vernacular Revival Before Burns
    Studies in Scottish Literature Volume 16 | Issue 1 Article 15 1981 The nI tellectual Background of the Vernacular Revival before Burns F. W. Freeman Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/ssl Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Freeman, F. W. (1981) "The nI tellectual Background of the Vernacular Revival before Burns," Studies in Scottish Literature: Vol. 16: Iss. 1. Available at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/ssl/vol16/iss1/15 This Article is brought to you by the Scottish Literature Collections at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Studies in Scottish Literature by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. F. W. Freeman The Intellectual Background of the Vernacular Revival before Burns Arguments favourable to the revival of literature in Scots begin in the sixteenth century and evolve over the next two centuries. For two ideas arose out of the Ancient versus Modern controversy that were to persist in different forms: namely, that national languages are the unique expression of each nation's natural genius, itself determined by climate and topography, mainly; and, second, that the language of poetry is natural and unpolished, the spoken tongue of the uneducated. On this side of the debate were the early Moderns, Nash, Put­ tenham, Chapman, in the sixteenth century; Daniel, Cowley, Temple, and Dennis, in the seventeenth. l Daniel, for example, in the debate concerning classical and indigenous metrics ar­ gues that Every language hath her proper number or measure fitted to vse and delight, which Custome intertainage by the allowance of the Eare, doth indenize and make naturall.
    [Show full text]
  • Honorary Graduates
    Honorary Graduates (Chronological list) The names of deceased graduates are printed in italics. Master of Arts (MA) George Harris Thomson, Secretary-Treasurer of the Royal College of Science and Technology from 1947 to 1964, Registrar of the University from 1964 to 1966 July 1966 Charles Geoffrey Wood, University Librarian March 1967 William B Paton, County Librarian, Lanarkshire - First Head of the Scottish School of Librarianship, Scottish College of Commerce, 1946-50 April 1972 Gustav Heiberg, Chief of Division, Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs July 1975 Charles Stewart, formerly Depute Bursar (Finance) in the University Administration Oct 1975 Louis McGougan, Bursur of the University of Strathclyde March 1976 Duncan Matheson, formerly Director of Physical Education in the University July 1983 Walter Underwood, formerly Planning Consultant to the University July 1983 Zbigniew Byszewski, former Consul-General for Poland in Scotland June 1986 John Turner, Organist to the University and Glasgow Cathedral July 1990 Susan Wighton, who worked as a nurse in Palestinian refugee camps July 1990 Andrew Miller, Director of Libraries, City of Glasgow District Council July 1990 Tommy Orr, former University Security Controller July 1990 James Arnold, Director and Village Manager, Lanark New Town Nov 1990 Graham Douglas, Draughtsman, Royal Commission on Ancient Building and Historical Monuments of Scotland July 1992 Yvonne Carol Grace Murray, Athlete May 1995 Master of Science (MSc) Ronald Ewart Nicoll, Professor of Urban Planning March 1967
    [Show full text]