NORTH CAROLINA COUNCIL ON THE HOLOCAUST
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION www.ncpublicschools.org/holocaust-council/
____ONLINE TEACHER RESOURCES____ Updated July 2018. Click the active links to access the websites.
▬ Asking the Right Questions Why is it important to teach about the Holocaust? (U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum: USHMM) — Teaching about the Holocaust: (1) Why Teach about the Holocaust? (2) Guidelines for Teaching about the Holocaust, (3) Essential Topics to Teach, (4) Common Questions about the Holocaust, (5) New to Teaching the Holocaust? www.ushmm.org/educators/teaching-about-the-holocaust — “Teaching About the Holocaust: Rationale, Content, Methodology, and Resources,” by Samuel Totten and Stephen Feinberg, Social Education, National Council for the Social Studies www.socialstudies.org/sites/default/files/publications/se/5906/590601.html — “Meeting a Moral Imperative: A Rationale for Teaching the Holocaust,” by David H. Lindquist, The Clearing House 84:1 (2011) echoesandreflections.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Lindquist_Meeting_A_Moral_Imperative_Article.pdf What is the Holocaust? (USHMM) — Holocaust Encyclopedia encyclopedia.ushmm.org/ — Introduction to the Holocaust https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/introduction-to-the-holocaust — The Holocaust: Animated Map encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/animated-map/the-holocaust — Common Questions about the Holocaust www.ushmm.org/educators/teaching-about-the-holocaust/common-questions — Overview of the Holocaust: Topics to Teach encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/an-overview-of-the-holocaust-topics-to-teach — What is Genocide? encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/what-is-genocide Who were the victims of the Holocaust? (See section, Survivor Testimonies, below.) — Victims Univ. of South Florida: www.fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/people/victims.htm — Testimonies of survivors USC Shoah Foundation: sfi.usc.edu/full_length_testimonies — Testimonies of victims and perpetrators PBS: www.pbs.org/auschwitz/40-45/victims/ Why did the Holocaust happen? Why Germany and Hitler? (Lessons: USHMM) — Why did Germans vote for the Nazi party? www.ushmm.org/educators/lesson-plans/why-did-germans-vote-for-the-nazi-party — Timeline Activity www.ushmm.org/educators/lesson-plans/timeline-activity What motivated the perpetrators, bystanders, and rescuers? — Assessing Responsibility and Conscience Lesson: PBS www.pbs.org/newshour/extra/lessons_plans/the-holocaust-assessing-responsibility-and-conscience/ — Holocaust and Human Behavior: 12 Chapters of Readings/Videos/Activities Facing History: www.facinghistory.org/holocaust-and-human-behavior Including: Choices That Define Us www.facinghistory.org/holocaust-and-human-behavior/chapter-10/choices-define-us Choiceless Choices www.facinghistory.org/holocaust-and-human-behavior/chapter-9/choiceless-choices Moral Luck and Dilemmas of Judgment www.facinghistory.org/holocaust-and-human-behavior/chapter-10/moral-luck-and-dilemmas-judgment — Rethinking Perpetrators, Bystanders, and Rescuers (Lesson: USHMM) www.ushmm.org/educators/lesson-plans/rethinking-perpetrators-bystanders-and-rescuers-overview-and-background What was the world’s response to the Holocaust? — The Holocaust: World Response Jewish Virtual Library: www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/world-response-to-the-holocaust — The World’s Reaction Yad Vashem: www.yadvashem.org/holocaust/about/rescue/worlds-reaction.html — World Responses Facing History: www.facinghistory.org/topics/holocaust/world-responses — The United States & the Holocaust USHMM: encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-united-states-and-the-holocaust — Confronting the Holocaust: American Responses (USHMM: video, 16:44, with transcript) www.ushmm.org/remember/days-of-remembrance/past-days-of-remembrance/2014-days-of-remembrance/confronting-the-holocaust-american-responses — Americans and the Holocaust USHMM online exhibition: www.ushmm.org/americans — America and the Holocaust Facing History: www.facinghistory.org/defying-nazis/america-and-holocaust\ — America’s Response to the Holocaust PBS: www.pbs.org/jewishamericans/jewish_life/holocaust.html
▬ Major Sources of Online Educational Resources (entry pages for curriculum materials) U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) www.ushmm.org/educators Yad Vashem (The World Holocaust Remembrance Center, Israel) www.yadvashem.org/education.html Facing History and Ourselves www.facinghistory.org/educator-resources Echoes and Reflections echoesandreflections.org/teach/ North Carolina Council on the Holocaust: The Holocaust: A North Carolina Teacher’s Resource www.ncpublicschools.org/holocaust-council/guide/ New Jersey Commission on Holocaust Education www.nj.gov/education/holocaust/ Florida Center for Holocaust Education, Univ. of South Florida fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/resource/resource.htm Holocaust Memorial Resource & Education Center of Florida www.holocaustedu.org/education/ Holocaust & Human Rights Education Center hhrecny.org/curriculum/
▬ Anti-Semitism Anti-Semitism USHMM: www.ushmm.org/educators/teaching-materials/materials-by-topic#antisemitism European Antisemitism from Its Origins to the Holocaust, video: 13:44, with transcript USHMM: www.ushmm.org/confront-antisemitism/european-antisemitism-from-its-origins-to-the-holocaust The Roots and Impact of Anti-Semitism (Lesson: Facing History) www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/teaching-holocaust-and-human-behavior/roots-and-impact-antisemitism The Dreyfus Affair, France, 1894-1906 — The Dreyfus Affair, from series The Story of the Jews (PBS/WUNC-TV: 6:17, with teaching resources) From this page, search for “Dreyfus Affair” in quotation marks: unctv.pbslearningmedia.org/ — Alfred Dreyfus and “The Affair” Jewish Virtual Library (JVL): www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/Dreyfus.html The anti-Semitic publication Protocols of the Elders of Zion, Europe, 1903 — USHMM encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/protocols-of-the-elders-of-zion — Jewish Virtual Library www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/protocols.html — Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Lesson: www.adl.org/education/educator-resources/lesson-plans/the-resilience-of-anti-semitism-the-lies-of-the-protocols Challenging Anti-Semitism: Myths and Facts (ADL) — Lesson www.adl.org/education/educator-resources/lesson-plans/challenging-anti-semitism-debunking-the-myths-and — Text (46 pp.): Challenging Anti-Semitism: Myths and Facts www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/education-outreach/CAS-Myths-and-Facts.pdf Strategies in Facing Anti-Semitism (Yad Vashem and the Simon Wiesenthal Center) www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/education/educational_materials/strategies.pdf ▬ Jewish Life in Europe before the Holocaust Jews in Prewar Germany USHMM: encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/jews-in-prewar-germany Pre-World War II European Jewish Life Photo Project Lesson: USHMM: www.ushmm.org/educators/lesson-plans/pre-wwii-european-jewish-life-photo-project Glimpses of Jewish Life before the Holocaust (video in two parts, each 4:37) Yad Vashem: www.yadvashem.org/education/educational-videos/video-toolbox/hevt-life-before.html Jewish Memory (survivor interviews & photos) Centropa: www.centropa.org/search-our-database-jewish-memory Max Uri—Looking for Frieda, Finding Frieda, Video and Lesson, 3:00 Centropa: www.centropa.org/teaching-materials/lesson-plan-centropa-film-max-uri-looking-frieda The Web of Community: Jewish Life before the War (Lesson: Facing History) www.facinghistory.org/for-educators/educator-resources/lessons-and-units/web-community-jewish-life-war The Story of the Jews, five-part PBS series (2014) www.pbs.org/wnet/story-jews/ ▬ The Rise of Nazism Hitler’s Rise, Overview and Lesson, ch. 2 in The Holocaust: A North Carolina Teacher’s Resource N.C. Council on the Holocaust: www.ncpublicschools.org/holocaust-council/guide/ The Path to Nazi Genocide (4-part video, 38:32, free DVD available) USHMM: www.ushmm.org/learn/introduction-to-the-holocaust/path-to-nazi-genocide Dismantling Democracy (Lesson: Facing History) www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/teaching-holocaust-and-human-behavior/dismantling-democracy The Rise of the Nazi Party (Lesson: Facing History) www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/teaching-holocaust-and-human-behavior/rise-nazi-party State of Deception: The Power of Nazi Propaganda USHMM online exhibition: www.ushmm.org/propaganda/ Exploring Nazi Propaganda and the Hitler Youth Movement (Lesson: Facing History) www.facinghistory.org/for-educators/educator-resources/lessons-and-units/exploring-nazi-propaganda-and-hitler-youth
North Carolina Council on the Holocaust (NCDPI) updated July 2018 2 Nuremberg Laws of 1935 — Survivor testimony (click Anti-Jewish Laws) USC Shoah Foundation: iwitness.usc.edu/SFI/BrowseTopics.aspx — The Reich Citizenship Law of 1935 Jewish Virtual Library: www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/nurmlaw3.html — Anne Frank & the Nuremberg Laws Lesson: Utah Educ. Network: www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview.cgi?LPid=1045 The Nazi Ideology of Race (USHMM) — Nazi Racial Ideology encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/victims-of-the-nazi-era-nazi-racial-ideology — Anti-Semitic Legislation encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/antisemitic-legislation-1933-1939 — Euthanasia Program encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/euthanasia-program — Murder of the Handicapped (T-4 Program) encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-murder-of-the-handicapped — Deadly Medicine: Creating the Master Race (online exhibition) www.ushmm.org/information/exhibitions/online-exhibitions/deadly-medicine-creating-the-master-race — Deadly Medicine: Eugenics in the Nazi Holocaust and in North Carolina (by Karen Klaich, N.C. Council on the Holocaust, as USHMM Teacher Fellow Project) deadlymedicine.weebly.com/ Anschluss (Nazi annexation of Austria, March 1938) — Anschluss: Overview USHMM: www.ushmm.org/research/research-in-collections/search-the-collections/bibliography/anschluss — The Past Is Another Country (video: 23:49); Leo Luster’s account of the Nazi takeover of Austria Centropa: www.centropa.org/centropa-cinema/leo-luster-die-vergangenheit-ist-ein-anderes-land — Anschluss: 1938 Castle Film Newsreel (9:49) Periscope Archive (YouTube): youtu.be/qXFg6eMsK-g Beginning of World War II: Nazi Invasion of Poland, September 1, 1939 — Timeline: The Holocaust & World War II USHMM: encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-holocaust-and-world-war-ii-key-dates
▬ Kristallnacht (“Night of Broken Glass,” Germany and Austria, November 9-10, 1938) Attempts to Emigrate before and after Kristallnacht
— Testimony of Arthur Meier Florida Holocaust Museum: www.flholocaustmuseum.org/explore-2/testimonies/arthur-meier/ — Documents required to obtain a visa to the U.S. USHMM: encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/documents-required-to-obtain-a-visa Survivor Testimony — Remembering the Night of Broken Glass Centropa: november1938.centropa.org/ — Compilation (21:44) USC Shoah Foundation: youtu.be/Bfjc1wEBIZo — Edith Simon Florida Holocaust Museum: www.flholocaustmuseum.org/explore-2/testimonies/edith-simon/ Survivor Testimony: USHMM/YouTube channel — Susan Warsinger (8:33) youtu.be/Z01WmCcpZ0Q — Robert Behr (6:11) youtu.be/QEcB7FX2UjI — Johanna Neumann (5:18) youtu.be/Z69qY5s7Yas — Rabbi Gerd Jacob Wiener (8:49) youtu.be/iufcf3dGxgo — Susan Taube (6:05) youtu.be/kqFLJeK3c68 — Hedi Pope (5:11) youtu.be/2h5IBcDb8X8 — Fritz Gluckstein (5:23) youtu.be/Lv-03OF581U — Inge Katzenstein/Jill Pauly (8:49) youtu.be/8at6xr_VcMM ▬ The Ghettos Ghettos Jewish Virtual Library: www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ghettos-during-the-holocaust The Ghettos: Teacher Resources Univ. of South Florida: fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/timeline/ghettos.htm USHMM: Resources — Ghettos: Overview encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/ghettos — Life in the Ghettos encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/life-in-the-ghettos — Hidden History of the Kovno Ghetto Online exhibition: www.ushmm.org/exhibition/kovno/main.htm Yad Vashem: Resources — Mutual Assistance within the Ghetto Walls Lesson: www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/education/lesson_plans/ghettos.asp — Between the Worlds: Social Circles in the Theresienstadt Ghetto Lesson: www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/education/learning_environments/terezin/ — Voices from the Inferno: Holocaust Survivors Describe the Last Months in the Warsaw Ghetto yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/warsaw_ghetto_testimonies/index.asp Ghettos and Deportation, survivor testimonies British Library: www.bl.uk/learning/histcitizen/voices/testimonies/ghettos/ghetto.html
▬ Einsantzgruppen (Mobile Killing Squads) Einsatzgruppen: Overview USHMM: encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/einsatzgruppen Mobile Killing Units Lesson: Facing History: www.facinghistory.org/holocaust-and-human-behavior/chapter-9/mobile-killing-units Background and Primary Documents Jewish Virtual Library: www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-einsatzgruppen
North Carolina Council on the Holocaust (NCDPI) updated July 2018 3 ▬ The Final Solution: The Total Eradication of European Jewry The Final Solution (USHMM) — Overview encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/final-solution-overview — Series of eight brief sections encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-final-solution?series=21818 — In Depth encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/final-solution-in-depth — Gallery (eight enlargeable photos) encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/gallery/the-final-solution The Final Solution (Holocaust Memorial Resource and Education Center of Florida) — The Final Solution (Lesson) www.holocaustedu.org/education/services/lesson-plans/the-final-solution/ — All Holocaust lesson plans (6) www.holocaustedu.org/education/resources/lesson-plans/ ▬ The Camps Testimonies of camp survivors who became North Carolina residents, in The Holocaust: A North Carolina Teacher’s Resource N.C. Council on the Holocaust: www.ncpublicschools.org/holocaust-council/guide/ — Auschwitz survivors, Ch. 4 — Liberation from concentration camps, Ch. 7 The Camps (USHMM) — Nazi Camps encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/nazi-camps — Personal Histories Online exhibition: www.ushmm.org/exhibition/personal-history/theme.php?th=camps — Daily Life in the Concentration Camps www.ushmm.org/research/research-in-collections/search-the-collections/bibliography/daily-life-in-the-concentration-camps — Liberation of Nazi Camps encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/liberation-of-nazi-camps “Why We Fight,” the liberation of Dachau; Episode 9 of Band of Brothers (HBO) YouTube: youtu.be/sHcJtU9dr6I
▬ Resistance Resistance, Overview and Lesson, ch. 5 in The Holocaust: A North Carolina Teacher’s Resource N.C. Council on the Holocaust: www.ncpublicschools.org/holocaust-council/guide/ Spiritual Resistance in the Ghettoes USHMM: encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/spiritual-resistance-in-the-ghettos Individual Responsibility & Resistance during the Holocaust USHMM Lesson: www.ushmm.org/educators/lesson-plans/individual “What We Value”: Spiritual Resistance during the Holocaust Lesson: Yad Vashem: www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/education/newsletter/13/main_article.asp Spiritual Resistance during the Holocaust: Maintaining a “Normal” Way of Life in an Abnormal World Lesson: Yad Vashem: www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/education/lesson_plans/spiritual_resistance.asp Jewish Resistance Group Project (Lesson: Holocaust Memorial Resource and Education Center of Florida) www.holocaustedu.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Daily-Lesson-Plan-4-4-Jewish-Resistance-Group-Project.pdf Response to the Holocaust: Resistance and Rescue (Holocaust and Human Rights Education Center) — Resistance (Lesson) hhrecny.z2systems.com/np/clients/hhrecny/product.jsp?product=28&
▬ Perpetrators, Bystanders, and Rescuers Rethinking Perpetrators, Bystanders, and Rescuers (Lesson: USHMM) www.ushmm.org/educators/lesson-plans/rethinking-perpetrators-bystanders-and-rescuers-overview-and-background The Holocaust: The Range of Responses (Lesson: Facing History) www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/teaching-holocaust-and-human-behavior/holocaust-range-responses In unit: Teaching Holocaust & Human Behavior www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/teaching-holocaust-and-human-behavior Perpetrators: Teacher Resources Univ. of South Florida: fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/people/perps.htm Perpetrators USHMM: encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/perpetrators Some Were Neighbors USHMM online exhibition: somewereneighbors.ushmm.org/ Nazi Perpetrators Jewish Virtual Library: www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/perpetratorstoc.html Victims & Perpetrators, in Auschwitz: Inside the Nazi State PBS: www.pbs.org/auschwitz/40-45/victims/ Bystanders: Resources Yad Vashem: www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/holocaust/resource_center/item.asp?gate=2-52 Rescue: Overview USHMM: encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/rescue Flight and Rescue USHMM online exhibition: www.ushmm.org/exhibition/flight-rescue/ Rescuers: Teaching Resources Univ. of South Florida: www.fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/people/rescuer.htm The Righteous Among the Nations (Righteous Gentiles) Yad Vashem: www.yadvashem.org/righteous.html Non-Jewish Rescuers in the Holocaust JVL: www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/non-jewish-rescuers-in-the-holocaust
▬ Art and the Holocaust Art and the Holocaust: Teacher Resources Univ. of South Florida: fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/arts/art2.htm Art and the Holocaust Yivo Institute for Jewish Research: www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Holocaust/Art_and_the_Holocaust Understanding the Holocaust through Art and Artifacts (Holocaust Education Research Council) holocaustresources.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/UnderstandingthruArt-JM.pdf
North Carolina Council on the Holocaust (NCDPI) updated July 2018 4 Art from the Holocaust: Stories behind the Images (BBC: 2016 exhibit at the German Historical Museum in Berlin) www.bbc.com/culture/story/20160203-art-from-the-holocaust-the-stories-behind-the-images
▬ Music and the Holocaust Music and the Holocaust World ORT: holocaustmusic.ort.org/ Music of the Holocaust USHMM: www.ushmm.org/exhibition/music/ Music of the Ghettos and Camps Univ. of South Florida: fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/arts/musvicti.htm Music, Memory, and Resistance during the Holocaust Facing History: www.facinghistory.org/music-memory-and-resistance-during-holocaust Finding a Voice: Musicians in Terezin Terezin Music Foundation: www.terezinmusic.org/curriculum-guide.html Teaching the Holocaust through Music Yad Vashem: www.yadvashem.org/download/education/conf/Leibman.pdf Teaching the Holocaust through Music (New Jersey Commission on Holocaust Education) www.nj.gov/education/holocaust/resources/TeachingMusicHolocaust.pdf Music in the Holocaust (32 pp.) (Museum of History and Holocaust Education, Kennesaw State University) historymuseum.kennesaw.edu/educators/music.pdf ▬ Children in the Holocaust USHMM Resources — Overview (five parts) encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/children-during-the-holocaust — Children’s Diaries encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/childrens-diaries-during-the-holocaust — Bibliography (books, films/videos) www.ushmm.org/collections/bibliography/children — Life in Shadows: Hidden Children Online exhibition: www.ushmm.org/exhibition/hidden-children/index/ — Anne Frank the Writer: An Unfinished Story Online exhibition: www.ushmm.org/exhibition/anne-frank/htmlsite/ — “Give Me Your Children”: Voices from the Lodz Ghetto Online exhibition: www.ushmm.org/information/exhibitions/online-exhibitions/voices-from-lodz-ghetto Children in the Holocaust (Yad Vashem: Lessons) — Gr. 5-6 www.yadvashem.org/education/educational-materials/lesson-plans/uri-orlev.html — Gr. 9-12 www.yadvashem.org/education/educational-materials/lesson-plans/children-holocaust.html Children of the Holocaust: Univ. of South Florida: fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/people/CHILDRE2.htm#GUIDE
▬ Survivor Testimonies and Oral Histories The Holocaust: A North Carolina Teacher’s Resource: narratives of survivors who became North Carolina residents N.C. Council on the Holocaust: www.ncpublicschools.org/holocaust-council/guide/ Center for Holocaust, Genocide, and Human Rights Education (Durham, NC), video testimonies of survivors living in North Carolina www.holocaustspeakersbureau.org/videos.html United States Holocaust Memorial Museum www.ushmm.org/remember/the-holocaust-survivors-and-victims-resource-center/survivors-and-victims/survivor-testimonies Yad Vashem (Israel) www.yadvashem.org/holocaust/video-testimonies.html Facing History www.facinghistory.org/for-educators/educator-resources/resource-collections/survivor-testimony Florida Ctr. for Instructional Technology (University of South Florida) fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/people/survivor.htm Shoah Foundation, University of Southern California: iwitness program iwitness.usc.edu/SFI/ Centropa: testimonies and resources of survivors in Central and Eastern Europe, www.centropa.org the Balkans, and the former Soviet Union Voice/Vision Holocaust Survivors Oral History Archive University of Michigan: holocaust.umd.umich.edu/ British Library www.bl.uk/learning/histcitizen/voices/testimonies/survivors.html
▬ Next Steps in Holocaust Education N.C. Center for the Advancement of Teaching (NCCAT) www.nccat.org/programs/holocaust-education Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, Summer Holocaust Symposiums holocaust.appstate.edu/symposium U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC —Belfer National Teaching Conference (annual) www.ushmm.org/educators/professional-events-and-resources/belfer-educators-conference —Teacher training online workshop www.ushmm.org/educators/online-workshop —Teacher Fellowship Program www.ushmm.org/educators/professional-events-and-resources/museum-teacher-fellowship-program Echoes and Reflections: Programs for Educators echoesandreflections.org/ Centropa Seminars and Academies (Europe) seminars.centropa.org/CSA TOLI: The Olga Lengyel Institute for Holocaust Studies and Human Rights (NYC), Summer Seminar www.toli.us/sponsored-programs/summer-seminar/
North Carolina Council on the Holocaust (NCDPI) updated July 2018 5