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Language Industry Standards and Guidelines

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CELAN WP 2 – DELIVERABLE D2.1 ANNOTATED CATALOGUE OF BUSINESS-RELEVANT SERVICES, TOOLS, RESOURCES, POLICIES AND STRATEGIES AND THEIR CURRENT UPTAKE IN THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY ANNEX 2 INVESTIGATION OF BUSINESS-RELEVANT STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES IN THE FIELDS OF THE LANGUAGE INDUSTRY Project Title: CELAN Project Type: Network Project Programme: LLP – KA2 Project No: 196466-LLP-1-2010-1-BE-KA2-KA2PLA Version: 1.2 Date: 2013-01-30 Author: Blanca Stella Giraldo Pérez (sub-contract for standards investigation and analysis) Contributors: Infoterm (supervision), other CELAN partners (comments) The CELAN network project has been funded with support from the European Commission, LLP programme, KA2. This communication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. CELAN D2.1 ANNEX 2_fv1.2 Executive Summary The investigation of industry&business-relevant standards and guidelines in the fields of the language industry (LI) was subdivided into four parts: General standardization framework relevant to CELAN, Basic standards related to the ICT infrastructure with particular impact on the LI, Specific standards pertaining to language technologies, resources, services and LI related competences and skills, Latest developments with respect to the complementarity of LI standards and assistive technologies standards. At the end of the investigation a summary and recommendations are given. Standards can play an important role in support of developing LI policies/strategies, educational schemes, language technology tools (LTT) and language and other content resources (LCR), language services or using the offers of language service providers (LSP). They can definitely contribute to the design of better products and the saving of financial resources from the outset and thus to avoid the need of having to retrofit products in later stages of their life cycle at significantly higher costs. They also can help enterprises to select staff with appropriate skills and competences or to have their staff trained duly taking pertinent standards into account. At today’s stage of development of the LI, the respective standards are indispensable for producing high-quality products and rendering high-quality services thus Making the use of LTT, LCR and LSP really cost effective, Avoiding or at least minimizing undesirable mistakes and the resulting conflicts. The overview gained through this investigation can help enterprises To clearly define their requirements and specifications in conjunction with o the outsourcing of language services (LS), o the development or adaptation of language technology tools/systems (LTT) as well as of language and other content resources (LCR); To refer in tenders or bids or contracts of all sorts to the pertinent standards; To state their competences/skills (or that of their staff) in compliance with standards; To make their quality management transparent and understandable for their customers; To become more competitive in an increasingly multilingual world. Using standards properly and referring to them can help to avoid misunderstandings, undesirable mistakes and conflicts, risks and even liabilities. From the above it can be derived that is necessary for LI product developers and LSP to be familiar with LI-related standards and the respective certification schemes. For users and customers of LI products and services a sufficient knowledge about these standards and certification schemes is definitely useful. 2 CELAN D2.1 ANNEX 2_fv1.2 Abbreviations AAC augmentative and alternative communication AAL ambient assisted living ASTM ASTM International (formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials) CD committee draft (first formal stage in the ISO standardization process) CEN European Committee for Standardization CL Common Logic CLARIN Common Language Resources and Technology Infrastructure CLDR Unicode Common Locale Data Repository CR CEN Report (equivalent to TR in ISO) CSS Cascading Style Sheets CWA CEN Workshop Agreement (equivalent to PAS in ISO) DC Dublin Core DCR ISO Data Category Registry (containing the data categories, ISOcats, of ISO/TC 37) DITA Darwin Information Typing Architecture DOL Distributed Ontology Language EA European co-operation for Accreditation (EA) EDI electronic data interchange EDIFACT electronic data interchange for administration, commerce and transport Electropedia online electrical and electronic terminology database of IEC (also known as the "IEV Online") ELRA European Language Resources Association ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute ETSI ISG LIS European Telecommunications Standards Institute’s Industry Specification Group “Localization Industry Standards” FLaReNet Fostering Language Resources Network FOSS Free and open source software GMX Global Information Management Metrics eXchange GPL general purpose language HTML Hypertext Mark-up Language HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol I&D Information and Documentation ICT information and communication technologies IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IEV International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (of IEC) IPA International Phonetic Alphabet ISO International Organization for Standardization ITU International Telecommunication Union IUPAC International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry IUPAB International Union of Pure and Applied Biology IUPAP International Union of Pure and Applied Physics JTC Joint Technical Committee L10N localization LCR language and other content resources LDML Locales Data Mark-up Language LI language industry LICS® Language Industry Certification system LISA Language Industry Standards Association LR language resource LRT language resource technology LS language services LSP language service providers LT language technology 3 CELAN D2.1 ANNEX 2_fv1.2 LTT language technology tools MDR metadata registry MEEK Functional Multilingual Extensions to European Keyboard Layouts META Network of the Multilingual Europe Technology Alliance: META-NET MoU/MG Management Group of the ITU-ISO-IEC-UN/ECE Memorandum of Understanding concerning eBusiness standardization NMB national member bodies OASIS Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards OAXAL Open Architecture for XML Authoring and Localization Reference Model OCR optical character recognition OD OpenDocument ODF Open Document Format for Office Applications OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OLAC Open Language Archives Community (within the framework of the Open Archives Initiative, [OAI] OntoIOp Ontology Integration and Interoperability OWL Web Ontology Language PAS publicly available specification (in ISO – equivalent to CWA in CEN) PwD person with disabilities RDF Resource Description Framework SAM Speech Assessment Methods SAMPA (or SAM-PA) SAM Phonetic Alphabet SAP Standardisation Action Plan SC sub-committee SDO standards developing organizations SemAF Semantic annotation framework SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System SME small and medium-sized enterprise SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol SPL special purpose language SRX Segmentation Rules eXchange SSH social sciences and humanities SynAF Syntactic annotation framework TBT Technical Barriers to Trade (Agreement on) TC technical committee TEI Text Encoding Initiative TMX Translation Memory eXchange TR Technical Report TS technical specification (in ISO) UBL Universal Business Language ULI Unicode Localization Interoperability technical committee UML Unified Modeling Language UN United Nations UNCSGN United Nations Conferences on the Standardization of Geographical Names UNCRPD United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities UPU Universal Postal Union W3C World Wide Web Consortium WCAG Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WG working group WTO World Trade Organization XLIFF XML Localization Interchange File Format XML eXtensible Mark-up Language 4 CELAN D2.1 ANNEX 2_fv1.2 Table of contents: Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................... 2 Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Table of contents: .............................................................................................................................................. 5 0 Background ........................................................................................................................................... 6 1 General standardization framework relevant to CELAN ....................................................................... 7 1.1 Standardizing bodies and other standards developing organizations (SDO) ....................................... 7 1.2 Standards documents ........................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Regulations concerning standardization and certification .................................................................... 9 1.3.1 Regulations governing standardization in general ................................................................................ 9 1.3.2 Regulations governing certification in general ...................................................................................
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