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Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya, 24Th – 26Th October 2018

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Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya, 24Th – 26Th October 2018 Kabarak University International Research Conference on Refocusing Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya, 24th – 26th October 2018 Conference Proceedings Kabarak University International Research Conference on Refocusing Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya 24th – 26th October 2018 Page 1 of 92 Kabarak University International Research Conference on Refocusing Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya, 24th – 26th October 2018 Editors 1. Dr Christopher Maghanga 2. Prof Mellitus Wanyama 3. Dr Moses M Thiga Page 2 of 92 Kabarak University International Research Conference on Refocusing Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya, 24th – 26th October 2018 Sponsors This conference was graciously sponsored by the National Research Fund Page 3 of 92 Kabarak University International Research Conference on Refocusing Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya, 24th – 26th October 2018 Foreword Dear Authors, esteemed readers, It is with deep satisfaction that I write this foreword to the Proceedings of the Kabarak University 8 th Annual International Research Conference held between 22nd and 26th October at the Kabarak University Main Campus in Nakuru, Kenya. This conference focused on the thematic areas of computer, education, health, business and music and attracted a great number of paper and poster publications. The conference also featured workshops in the areas of blockchain and digital skills for business. The participation of developing academics, undergraduate students and graduate students was particularly encouraged in this conference. In addition to the contributed papers, the conference featured a number of invited keynote and guest speaker presentations as follows; Mr John Walubengo, Dean Faculty of Computing at the Multimedia University of Kenya and a member of the Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Taskforce. Mr Derrick Rono, Senior Systems Developer with Andela Ltd and our Kabarak University Computer Science alumni Mr John Karanja, Chief Executive Officer, Bithub Africa Ms Roselyne Wanjiru, Education Program Coordinator EOS Nairobi, representing Mr Daniel Kimotho, Community Lead EOS Nairobi Ms Rosemary Koech-Kimwantu, Legal and Regulatory Specialist at Oxygene Marketing Dr Julius Jwan, the CEO Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development Prof Ruth Otunga, Deputy Vice Chancellor, Academic Affairs, University of Eldoret. Dr Edward Nzinga, Senior Lecturer, Instruction and Curriculum Design Scientist, Pan Africa Christian University. Prof Peter Anyang Nyongo, Governor Kisumu County Prof Michael Kiptoo, CEO, Kenya Medical Training College. Dr Geoffrey Wechuli, Head, Department of Family Medicine, Kabarak University Mr Onesmus Kamau, Head of eHealth, Ministry of Health Ms Edna Tallam-Kimaiyo, CEO Nursing Council of Kenya Mr Davis Njuguna Kamau, Director, East Africa Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agricul- ture Mr James Kaka, CEO Kakajames Enterprises Ltd Mr Janet Lagat, CEO Hortigrid Ltd Mr Raphael Osoro, CEO Sunsareg Solar Ltd Mr Kirori Mindo, CEO Qmax Digital Ltd Prof. Kimberly Carballo: Coordinating Opera Coach and Collaborative Piano, Jacobs School of Music, Indiana University Dr Evelyne Mushira. Deputy Director, Permanent Presidential Music Commission Mr Reuben Kigame; Renowned Gospel Artist and Founder of Sifa Voices International Ms Caroline Wanjiku, A renowned Comedian aka “Teacher Wanjiku” I trust that these proceedings will provide researchers with an excellent source of new and relevant knowledge in their respective disciplines. We thank all authors and participants for their contributions. Dr Moses M Thiga Director, Research, Innovation and Outreach Page 4 of 92 Kabarak University International Research Conference on Refocusing Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya, 24th – 26th October 2018 Conference Organizing Committee Prof Jackson Kitetu Chairman Dr Moses Thiga Director, RIO & Secretary Dr Dave Bowen School of Education Ms Mary Muriithi School of Pharmacy Dr Geoffrey Kamau School of Business and Economics Dr Robert Mutwiri School of Computer Science and Bioinformatics Dr Pamela Kimeto School of Medicine and Health Sciences Dr Patrick Monte School of Music and Performing Arts Ms Rahab Wakuraya School of Law Prof Gladys Kiptionny Director, Excellence in Learning and Teaching Mr Anthony Somba Director, Quality Assurance and Institutional Planning Dr Betty Tikoko Director, Institute of Postgraduate Studies Ms Patricia Chebet University Librarian Page 5 of 92 Kabarak University International Research Conference on Refocusing Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya, 24th – 26th October 2018 Table of Contents Zilizopendwa: An Amalgamation of Music Territories at the Kenya Music Festival................................7 Popular Music Education: Insights from Tabuley’s ‘Muzina’.................................................................19 Rethinking the Music Producer’s Roles In Kenya: The Nexus Between the Recording Artist, Sound Engineer and The Listener.......................................................................................................................27 Comments On Kenyan National Music Policy: General Ideas For Further Exploration........................31 The Role of Kabarak University in the Development of the Music Industry in Kenya..........................38 Pioneering Role of Kabaa Catholic Mission School in Kenyan Music Education..................................43 Communication and Identity in Popular Music Videos in Kenya: Suggesting Value Addition For Archiving and Returns.............................................................................................................................58 Ensemble Music Performance as a Fulcrum in an Effectice Curriculum: Learning Through Band Playing.....................................................................................................................................................67 Contemporary Musical Arts for Sustainable Development.....................................................................73 Bridging Cultural and Social Barriers Created Through Divisive and Tribal Politics through Community Engagement: A Case Study of the Star Chorale..................................................................77 The Emerging Roles and Challenges Facing Choir Directors in Contemporary Christian Worship.......83 Page 6 of 92 Kabarak University International Research Conference on Refocusing Music and Other Performing Arts for Sustainable Development Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya, 24th – 26th October 2018 Zilizopendwa: An Amalgamation of Music Territories at the Kenya Music Festival Abstract The Kenya Music Festival has incorporated contemporary African musical genres in the festival under the name adaptation and arrangement of zilizopendwa. Somehow in this context, the genre has become very popular among the youth who are the performers of this musical genre. The purpose of this paper is to identify the original Zilizopendwa musical renditions and compare them with the renditions at the Kenya Music Festival in order to establish how artistic expression has been achieved by the arrangers of this genre and how this context has influenced the development and rendition of the zilizopendwa. To achieve this, I analyse contemporary African popular music in its original context. Likewise, I analyse selected pieces arranged for presentation at the Kenya Music Festival’s national level. Hence, I compare the two to ascertain the developmental process that has ensued. The result unveils the evolution of the popular music genre in Kenya and contributes to the discourse on the evolution and conservation of contemporary African musical forms. Key words: Contemporary African Music, Popular Music, Zilizopendwa, Music Appropriation, Arrangement of African Melodies, Music Festival Introduction There is hardly any musical genre that has remained static in its rendition and characteristic features in the world. This is as a result of the dynamic nature of music as a cultural element. Intercultural exchange of ideas and globalization has impacted on the performance of all musics. The Kenyan musical scene has been graced by the contemporary African musical genres that range from Lingala, Bongo, Kwaito, Highlife and Benga among others. These genres have evolved from traditional musics from the communities within which they are performed. For instance, Benga is a musical genre that evolved from traditional renditions of the Luo and Luhyia communities of Kenya but now incorporates music from various Kenyan communities. This genre was popularized by the main broadcasting station in Kenya, formerly known as the Voice of Kenya and now Kenya Broadcasting Corporation. The popularity of Benga was partly as a result of the inclusion of foreign musical instruments. Foreign musical instruments refer to those alien to the traditional musical genres of the Luhya and Luo. In addition, foreign musical elements have been amalgamated with the traditional music creating newer musical forms, which are contemporary African musical genres. This contemporary musical genre has its origins from the end of the Second World War when the guitar was introduced
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