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Arquivos E O Direito À Memória E À Verdade No Mundo Dos Trabalhadores

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Arquivos E O Direito À Memória E À Verdade No Mundo Dos Trabalhadores O Seminário Internacional “O O 3º Seminário Internacional Mundo dos Trabalhadores e ARQUIVOS E O DIREITO “O Mundo dos Trabalhadores e seus Arquivos” é um evento seus Arquivos”, cujo tema foi bienal, promovido pela Central À MEMÓRIA E À VERDADE “Direito à Memória e à Única dos Trabalhadores e, no Verdade”, é parte do esforço de âmbito do Arquivo Nacional, NO MUNDO DOS TRABALHADORES um grupo de instituições e pelo Centro de Referência pessoas determinadas, que se Memórias Reveladas, numa dedicam à preservação da parceria que vem se mostran- documentação e da memória, do muito profícua, produtora e em especial, a história da indutora de importantes classe trabalhadora brasileira, iniciativas na área dos arquivos um dos pilares da luta pela do mundo dos trabalhadores. redemocratização e pelas Dentre tais iniciativas, a liberdades civis no Brasil. publicação “Arquivos e o O seminário debateu temas direito à memória e à verdade no mundo dos trabalhadores: relacionados à documentação coletânea do 3º seminário guardada por entidades sindi- internacional o mundo dos cais, movimentos sociais, trabalhadores e seus arquivos” trabalhadores e trabalhadoras é um verdadeiro testemunho do campo e da cidade, da importância dos arquivos sindicalistas e instituições para a compreensão da história acadêmicas. Discutiu a de lutas da classe trabalhadora. importância de recuperar e Em sua terceira edição, o Promoção preservar esses arquivos e Seminário adotou como tema também o tratamento adequa- o “Direito à Memória e à do que deve ser dado aos Verdade”, compreendido como acervos. um direito transindividual que Este livro com o resultado do ultrapassa a formulação por encontro, feito pela CUT em meio dos atores políticos parceria com o Arquivo Nacio- tradicionais, alcançando os nal do Brasil, por meio do mais diversos grupos da Centro de Referência sociedade civil e experi- Memórias Reveladas, é um mentando as mais diferentes NO MUNDO DOS TRABALHADORES Apoio importante instrumento não formas de reivindicação e apenas de resgate e preser- concretização. vação da história, mas também O seminário também homena- de referência para lutas geou a Confederação Operária À MEMÓRIA E VERDADE E O DIREITO ARQUIVOS futuras, pela consolidação da Brasileira (COB), primeira central sindical do país, no Organizadores democracia brasileira, ampli- centenário do seu 2º congres- Antonio José Marques ação das liberdades civis e so. A COB nos legou um dos Inez Terezinha Stampa direitos da classe trabalhadora mais importantes conjuntos e de toda a sociedade. documentais produzidos pelos É a CUT fazendo história e trabalhadores brasileiros na contribuindo para recuperar e etapa inicial de sua organi- preservar a memória do povo zação sindical. brasileiro. Jaime Antunes da Silva Vagner Freitas Diretor-Geral Presidente Nacional da CUT do Arquivo Nacional Antonio José Marques - Inez Terezinha Stampa Organizadores ARQUIVOS E O DIREITO À MEMÓRIA E À VERDADE NO MUNDO DOS TRABALHADORES Coletânea do 3º Seminário Internacional o Mundo dos Trabalhadores e seus Arquivos São Paulo - Rio de Janeiro 2015 Copyright © 2015 Arquivo Nacional - Central Única dos Trabalhadores Arquivo Nacional Praça da República, 173 - 20211-350, Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brasil Telefone: (21) 2179-1273 E-mail: [email protected] www.arquivonacional.gov.br Central Única dos Trabalhadores Rua Caetano Pinto, 575 - 03041-000, São Paulo - SP - Brasil Telefone: (11) 2108-9200 E-mail: [email protected] www.cut.org.br Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) A772 Arquivos e o direito à memória e à verdade no mundo dos trabalhadores: coletânea do 3º seminário internacional o mundo dos trabalhadores e seus arquivos / Organizadores Antonio José Marques e Inez Terezinha Stampa. - Rio de Janeiro: Arquivo Nacional; São Paulo: Central Única dos Trabalhadores, 2015. 312 p. ISBN 978-85-60207-73-2 - ISBN 978-85-89210-52-2 1. Trabalhadores - Memória. 2. Trabalhadores - História. 3. Trabalhadores - Arquivo. 4. Documentos - Preservação. 5. Movimentos sociais. 6. Sindicalismo. I. Marques, Antonio José. II. Stampa, Ines Terezinha. III. Série. CDU 323.33.(091) CDD 331.09 (Bibliotecário responsável: Adalto da Silva Carvalho - CRB 08/9152) Presidenta da República Dilma Rousseff Ministro da Justiça José Eduardo Cardozo Diretor-Geral do Arquivo Nacional Jaime Antunes da Silva Centro de Referência Memórias Reveladas Inez Terezinha Stampa (Coordenadora) Vicente Arruda Câmara Rodrigues (Coordenador) Carla Machado Lopes Rodrigo de Sá Netto Rosanda da Silva Ribeiro Presidente da Central Única dos Trabalhadores Vagner Freitas de Moraes Secretário-Geral Sérgio Nobre Secretária-Geral Adjunta Maria Aparecida Godói de Faria Centro de Documentação e Memória Sindical Antonio José Marques (Coordenador) Adalto da Silva Carvalho Dinalva Alexandrina de Oliveira Botasoli Marcus Vinicius Alves Tatiani Carmona Regos Organizadores Antonio José Marques e Inez Terezinha Stampa Supervisão Editorial Antonio José Marques Tradução Cristian Marcelo Alarcon Bravo e Eiko Lúcia Itioka Revisão, Projeto Gráfico e Diagramação MGiora Comunicação Fotografia da capa Cortejo do operário Santos Dias da Silva: Acervo IIEP Arte: Maria Alzira Reis e Silva - Arquivo Nacional SUMÁRIO PRÓLOGO Resgatar a história é combater a nostalgia de um tempo ruim Vagner Freitas 11 Arquivos como instrumento para a (re)construção da memória e da verdade no mundo dos trabalhadores Jaime Antunes da Silva 13 APRESENTAÇÃO Direito à memória e à verdade no mundo dos trabalhadores e seus arquivos Antonio José Marques e Inez Stampa 19 PARTE I A Confederação Operária Brasileira no centenário do seu segundo congresso: 1913-2013 Michael M. Hall 37 Ação e Trajetória, o acervo da Comissão Organizadora do Segundo Congresso Operário Brasileiro (Rio de Janeiro, 1913) Beatriz Kushnir 51 A Confederação Operária Brasileira e sua militância Cláudio H. M. Batalha 71 A repressão na primeira República e os militantes operários Beatriz Ana Loner 91 Parte II Direito à Memória e à Verdade. Conferência inaugural do 3º Seminário Internacional o Mundo dos Trabalhadores e seus Arquivos Rosa Maria Cardoso da Cunha 109 Repressão, arquivo e memória dos trabalhadores na Argentina Mariana Nazar 117 A constituição de um acervo com processos da Justiça do Trabalho no e sobre o interior da Paraíba Tiago Bernardon de Oliveira 139 Uma aproximação aos arquivos históricos do movimento sindical e das organizações sociais no Uruguai Rodolfo Porrini 159 Os arquivos sindicais e dos movimentos sociais na Itália Marco Scavino 181 Arquivos dos trabalhadores no México: um patrimônio em perigo Elvira Concheiro Bórquez 193 Fontes alternativas de preservação da memória: história oral de vida dos trabalhadores Michel Marie Le Ven 209 O patrimônio imaterial nas políticas de preservação do patrimônio e o papel do pesquisador Célia Maria Corsino 227 Entre a intenção do registro, a serendipidade da busca e a seletividade da memória: o dilema documental na era digital Ricardo Medeiros Pimenta 243 Desafios em projetos de descrição e digitalização massiva Augusto Cesar Lunasco Cusi 257 A preservação de registros trabalhistas digitais: desafios Vanderlei Batista dos Santos 281 Programa do seminário 297 PRÓLOGO RESGATAR A HISTÓRIA É COMBATER A NOSTALGIA DE UM TEMPO RUIM A preservação da memória é absolutamente fundamental para fortalecer a sensação de pertencimento de uma sociedade e a identidade de um povo com sua comunidade, seu município, seu estado, seu País. É também essencial para que todos aprendam com os erros do passado e lutem para impedir que sejam repetidos. Mais que isso, para que encontrem caminhos alternativos que garantam mais justiça social, igualdade de direitos, democracia e liberdade. O resgate da história, no entanto, é tarefa árdua, que exige coragem. Não tem nada de singelo em muitas das histórias que nos ensinaram e ensinam até hoje nas escolas. Há histórias de heróis que, na verdade, foram carrascos; fatos contados como notáveis feitos de determinado atores sociais que destruíram vidas e deixaram famílias destroçadas. A ditadura militar no Brasil é um exemplo das mais diversas formas de manipulação da história de um País. Por desinformação e também porque a história foi contada de maneira distorcida, algumas pessoas acreditam que o Regime Militar foi bom para o país. Argumentam que trouxe crescimento, segurança e acabou com a corrupção. Ignoram que as notícias ruins eram proibidas, que jornais e revistas eram censurados, que torturavam, matavam e desapareciam com os corpos de quem discordava das políticas e práticas dos militares, que manipulavam dados de inflação e aumentaram assustadoramente o número de pessoas pobres, miseráveis que não tinham nenhuma oportunidade na vida. O 3º Seminário Internacional “O Mundo dos Trabalhadores e seus Arquivos”, cujo tema foi “Direito à Memória e à Verdade”, é parte do esforço de um grupo de instituições e pessoas determinadas, que se dedicam à preservação da documentação e da memória, em especial, a história da classe trabalhadora brasileira, um dos pilares da luta pela redemocratização e pelas liberdades civis no Brasil. Essa luta, inclusive, permite que todos, até os que reproduzem mentiras, entre eles grande parte da mídia nacional, possam ir às ruas protestar e até atacar de maneira vil o governo eleito pela maioria dos brasileiros. O seminário debateu temas relacionados à documentação guardada por entidades sindicais, movimentos sociais, trabalhadores e trabalhadoras do campo e da cidade, sindicalistas e instituições acadêmicas. Discutiu a importância de 11 recuperar
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