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Dicis Warwerebi DITSI INSCRIPTIONS НАДПИСИ ДИЦИ

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Dicis Warwerebi DITSI INSCRIPTIONS НАДПИСИ ДИЦИ giorgi sosiaSvili Giorgi Sosiashvili Гиорги Сосиашвили dicis warwerebi DITSI INSCRIPTIONS НАДПИСИ ДИЦИ Tbilisi Tbilisi Тбилиси 2017 naSromSi Seswavlilia sofel dicis RvTismSoblis saxelo- bis taZris kedlebze avtoris mier aRmoCenili asomTavruli wa- rwerebi. maTSi Tavmoyrilia bevri saintereso informacia Sida qarTlis, saqarTvelos am uZvelesi kuTxis Sesaxeb. IX-X saukun- eebiT daTariRebuli warwerebi pirvelad qveyndeba da, Cveni az- riT, metad mniSvnelovani iqneba rogorc sakiTxiT dainterese- bul mkvlevarTaTvis, ise farTo mkiTxvelisaTvis. aqve, calke Tavi eTmoba dicis SedarebiT gviandeli periodis (XIX-XX ss) epitafiebs. redaqtorebi: elene kavlelaSvili, xelovnebaTmcodneobis doqtori ioseb alimbaraSvili, istoriis akademiuri doqtori, asocirebuli profesori konsultanti: eldar mamisTvaliSvili, istoriis mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori teqnikuri redaqtori: giorgi yaziSvili Current work studies the Asomtavruli inscriptions on Ditsi Saint Mary Virgin church discovered by the author. We can find various interesting information regarding Shida Kartli region, one of the oldest regions of Georgia. It is the first time these IX-X century inscriptions are published and we think that it will be interesting not only for the scientists, but for the wider audience, as separate part of the book is dedicated to the epitaphs of the later period (XIX-XX centuries). EDITORS: Elene Kavlelashvili, PhD in Arts Studies Ioseb Alimbarashvili, PhD in History, Associate Professor CONSULTANT: Eldar Mamistvalishvili, PhD in Historical Sciences, Professor TECHNICAL EDITOR: Giorgi Kazishvili В настоящем труде изучены надписи «асомтаврули» (уставное письмо,) обнаруженные автором на стенах храма Богородицы в селении Дици. Они являются носителями обширной и весьма интересной информации о Шида- Картли, этом древнейшем уголке Грузии. Надписи IХ-Х вв публикуются впервые и, по нашему мнению, они будут одинаково значительны как для заинтересованных данным вопросом исследователей, так и для широкого круга читателей. Отдельная глава посвящена эпитафиям более позднего периода (конец ХIХ – начало ХХ вв) близ храма Богородицы в селении Дици. РЕДАКТОРЫ: Еленэ Кавлелашвили, доктор искусствоведения Иосеб Алимбарашвили, академический доктор истории, ассоциированный профессор КОНСУЛЬТАНТ: Эльдар Мамиствалашвили, доктор исторических наук, профессор ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ РЕДАКТОР: Гиорги Казишвили 2 Sesavali patara liaxvis xeoba uZvelesi droidan iyo dasax- lebuli. gasul saukuneSi xeobis ramdenime sofelSi Catarda arqeologiuri gaTxrebi, maT Soris sofel fris- Si (romelic esazRvreba patara liaxvis xeobas). 1959 wels frisis Caqceul yorRanSi arqeologebma (xelmZ. b. texovi) adamianTa da cxovelTa Zvlebi, aseve brinjaos xanis Tixis xuTi WurWeli aRmoaCines. frisis samarxSi aRmoCnda xanjlis piri, romelic farTod iyo gavrcele- buli mTels amierkavkasiaSi. b. texovis ganmartebiT fri- sis yorRani koleqtiur samarxs warmoadgenda.1 arqeologiuri gaTxrebi 1938-1940 w.w prof. s. makala- Tias xelmZRvanelobiT Catarda sof. tyviavSic, e. w. xaris goraze. tyviavis yorRanuli samarxi, romelSic sxvadas- xva saxis keramikuli nawarmi, liTonis nivTebi, obsidia- nisa da kaJis saWrisebi, aseve safxekebi aRmoCnda, adre brinjaos xanas ganekuTvneba da Zv. w. 2500 wliT daTariR- da.2 teritorias, romelsac patara liaxvis xeoba moicav- da, Sua saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi Cveni qveynis saxelmwi- foebriv cxovrebaSi gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba hqonda. amas ganapirebebda patara liaxvis xeobis strategiuli mdebareoba, xeobis damakavSirebeli gzebi, rogorc qvey- nis sxva kuTxeebTan (qsnis xeoba, dasavleT saqarTvelo), ise CrdiloeT kavkasiasTan. adrefeodalur xanaSi igi or nawilad iyofoda: md. patara liaxvis qvemo weli saisto- rio wyaroebSi, kerZod, VII saukunis anonimur somxur ge- 1 Б. Техов, К истории изучения памятников эпохи энеолита и бронзы в нижнем течении реки Большой Лиахви, Тб., 1963, стр. 36-37. 2 s. makalaTia, liaxvis xeoba, Tb, 1971, gv. 8-9. g. sosiaSvili, nar- kvevebi liaxvis xeobis istoriidan, Tb., 2011, gv. 7. 3 ografiaSi `qordiTirikos xevis~ saxeliT ixsenieba,3 pata- ra liaxvis Sua da zemo weli ki `sacxumeTis~ saxeliT iyo cnobili. j. gvasalias ganmartebiT, `sacxumeTi~ pata- ra liaxvis marjvena napirs ewodeboda.4 toponim `sacxu- meTs~ j. gvasalia svanur enas ukavSirebs. rogorc mkvle- vari ganmartavs, `cxum~ svanurad rcxilas aRniSnavs. sva- nuri fuZe `cxumi~ qarTuli mwarmoeblebiT gaformda, ris Sedegadac miviReT toponimi `sacxumeTi~.5 sacxumeTis msgavsad, zanur-svanur enasTan patara liaxvisa da qsnis xeobebSi araerTi toponimia dakavSirebuli. mag.: largvi- si, geri da sxv.6 Sida qarTlSi zanur-svanuri toponime- bis arsebobasTan dakavSirebiT j. gvasalia miiCnevs, rom `Tu ufro adreuli xanidan ara, gviani brinjaos xanidan mainc dasavleT saqarTvelosa da Sida qarTlis mosaxle- oba arqeologiur kulturaTa mixedviT, kulturul-eTni- kurad mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli.~7 dasavleT saqarTve- los mWidro kavSiri Sida qarTlTan, kerZod, didi da pa- tara liaxvis, aseve qsnis xeobebTan, ara marto onomasti- kuri masaliT, aramed saistorio wyaroebiTac dasturde- ba. adrefeodalur periodSi afxazTa mefeebi didi da pa- tara liaxvis xeobebis saSualebiT gadmodiodnen aRmo- savleT saqarTveloSi da awarmoebdnen brZolas hereTis SemosaerTeblad, amas adasturebs eredvis 906-914 wlebis warwera. (amaze vrclad qvemoT visaubrebT). patara liax- vis xeoba Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT qsnis xeobas esazRvreba, 3 s. kakabaZe, qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis genezisis sakiTxebi, saistorio moambe, wigni I, Tb., 1924, gv. 40. 4 j. gvasalia, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos istoriuli geografiis narkvevebi, Tb., 1983, gv. 25. 5 j. gvasalia, dasax. naSromi, gv. 165-166. 6 j. gvasalia, dasax. naSromi, gv. 166; g. sosiaSvili, Sida qarT- lis zogierTi toponimis Sesaxeb, goris saswavlo universiteti, arnold Ciqobavas saxelobis enaTmecnierebis instituti, profe- sor genadi burWulaZis xsovnisadmi miZRvnili samecniero kon- ferencia, konferenciis masalebi, 2012, gv. 211-216. 7 j. gvasalia, dasax. naSromi, gv. 167. 4 sadac gvianfeodalur xanaSi qsnis saerisTavo arsebobda, xolo Crdilo-dasavleTiT didi liaxvis xeobas emijneba. XV saukunidan moyolebuli es teritoria qarTlis erT- erT Zlier saTavados – samaCablos ekuTvnoda. XV-XVIII saukuneebSi qsnis erisTavebma kidev ufro gaafarToves TavianTi safeodalos sazRvrebi, maTi eqspansia mimarTu- li iyo Sida qarTlis Crdilo-dasavleTiT, dasavleTiT da samxreT-dasavleTiT. qsnis erisTavebma didi liaxvis xeobis saTaveSi TavianT mflobelobaSi moaqcies maRran- dvaleTi, xolo patara liaxvis xeobaSi savaxtango da gverdisZiri.8 1777 wels qarTl-kaxeTis mefem erekle II qsnis saerisTao gaauqma da patara liaxvis xeoba iulon batoniSvils uboZa.9 iulon erekles Ze patara liaxvis xeobaSi arsebul sofel beloTSi damkvidrda.10 8 j. gvasalia, dasax. naSromi, gv. 10. Znelia, termin „savaxtangos“ zusti ganmarteba. vaxuSti batoniSvili „savaxtangos“ patara liaxvis xeobis erT nawils uwodebs: „uwodeben vanaTiTurT savaxtangos“. vaxuSti batoniSvili, aRwera samefosa saqarTve- losa, qarTlis cxovreba, teqsti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT s. yauxCiSvilis mier, t. IV, Tb., 1973, gv. 362-363. aRniSnul termins vxvdebiT aseve XVII saukunis qarTveli istorikosis – farsadan gorgijaniZis TxzulebaSi. misi gadmo- cemiT, qarTlis mouravis giorgi saakaZis osmaleTSi gadaxvewis Semdeg svimon mefem zurab aragvis erisTavs `zog-zogi savaxtan- go soflebi“ uboZa. farsadan gorgijaniZe, istoria, s. kakabaZis gamocema, saistorio moambe, t. II, Tb., 1925, gv. 236. ar aris gamo- ricxuli, rom „savaxtango“ provinciis romelime mefe vaxtang- Tan iyos dakavSirebuli. erT-erTi aseTi provinciis mefe iyo vaxtang IV, aleqsandre I didis vaJi, xolo meore giorgi VIII Ze vaxtangi. d. niniZe, provinciis mefeebi, Tb., 1995, gv. 135, 161. rac Seexeba „gverdisZirs“, igi md. patara liaxvs da md. mejudas Sua wels Soris mdebare teritorias aRniSnavda. j. gvasalia, dasax. naSromi, gv. 25. 9 masalebi saqarTvelos istoriisaTvis Sekrebili batoniSvilis daviTis da mis Zmebisa, 1744-1844 w.w. tf., 1906, gv. 15. 10 ioane qarTveliSvili, memuarebi, avT. ioselianis gamokvleviT, redaqciiTa da SeniSvnebiT, Tb., 1955, gv. 81. 5 rogorc aRvniSneT, patara liaxvis marjvena napirs sacxumeTi ewodeboda, xolo patara liaxvsa da mejudas Sua wels Soris mdebare teritoria ki gverdisZiris saxeliT iyo cnobili. X saukuneSi politikur asparezze qarTlis didaz- naurebs Soris yanCaelTa gvari dawinaurda. mejudis xe- obaSi sofel bieTis taZris saamSeneblo warweraSi ixse- nieba erisTavT-erisTavi ioane Ze bakur yanCaelisa. ar ar- is gamoricxuli, rom yanCaelTa safeodalos gavlena pa- tara liaxvis xeobis garkveul nawilzec vrceldeboda. X saukunis dasawyisSi qarTlis feodalur sagvareuloTa Soris gansakuTrebiT dawinaurdnen tbelebi. maTi saxlis warmomadgeneli, ivane, afxazTa mefeebis mokavSire gaxda da maTgan samarTavad qarTli gadaeca. is qarTlis „uf- lad“ iwodeboda, amas adasturebs eredvis wminda giorgi taZris warwera. tbelTa feodalur gvarTan X saukunis ganmavlobaSi didi da patara liaxvis xeobis soflebSi araerTi taZris agebaa dakavSirebuli. Zeglebze mikvleu- li lapidaruli warwerebi IX-X saukuneebis Sida qarT- lis, da, zogadad, Cveni qveynis politikuri da kulturu- li cxovrebis Sesaxeb uaRresad mniSvnelovan wyaros war- moadgens, rac araerTi mecnieris kvlevis sagani gaxda. pa- tara liaxvis xeobis soflebis istoriul-geografiuli Seswavlis mizniT Cvens istoriografiaSi araerTi naSro- mia Seqmnili, am mxriv, gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia s. maka- laTias da i. megreliZis Rvawli, romlebmac didi da pa- tara liaxvis xeobis soflebis istoriis, aq arsebuli ma- terialuri kulturis Zeglebis Seswavlas araerTi weli Sealies.11 11 s. makalaTia, liaxvis xeoba, Tb., 1971; i. megreliZe, siZveleebi liaxvis xeobaSi, t. I, Tb., 1984; i. megreliZe,
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