United States Foreign Policy 1877-1899 Samoa A

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

United States Foreign Policy 1877-1899 Samoa A United States Foreign Policy 1877-1899 Samoa A. The United States competed with Great Britain and Germany in the Pacific over territories and markets B. 1878, a treaty gave the US rights to the main harbor in Pago Pago, Samoa C. In 1889, the Germans sent marines to protect their interests in Pago Pago, Samoa – the British and Americans sent gunboats. D. Ten years later (1899) the US retained the rights to Pago Pago after the three powers carved up the islands Hawaii A. US wanted to expand trade across the Pacific to China – Hawaii was a vital link Remember “Manifest Destiny”- Americans believed God wanted them to spread out and help take over the world, missionary… B. 1780s an American Merchant ship had stopped in Hawaii and by the 1840s merchant and missionaries dominated the port of Honolulu C. Missionaries began cultivating sugar and producing it for export to the US D. 1875 treaty between the US and Hawaii allowed Hawaiian sugar to enter the states duty-free E. By 1898 the value of sugar estates in Hawaii was $40 million F. By the 1880s, the US had asserted control over the island – including naval rights at Pearl Harbor G. 1890 McKinley Tariff – allowed all countries to ship sugar to the US duty free and also gave US producers of sugar a 2 cent subsidy H. The McKinley Tariff crushed the Hawaiian economy I. Queen Liliuokalani – very strong nationalist – tried to limit foreign influence in Hawaii and restore the power of the Queen Liliuokalani monarchy J. As a nationalist, she believed that Hawaii should remain in the hands of the native people. As a monarchist, she believed that she – not the sugar planters – should control the constitutional legislature. K. 1893, the planters overthrew Queen Lil – the US Marines were sent ashore to protect American lives and property L. Revolutionary government was headed by Sanford Dole – Queen Lil surrendered her throne M. President Cleveland supported the investigation that condemned the US involvement in the Hawaiian revolt and requested that Queen Lil be restored to the throne N. Dole refused to step down – Hawaii remained a republic from 1894 -1898 "The Hawaiian pear is Now fully ripe and this Is the golden hour for Sanford B. Dole, on the left, continued as President of the new Territory of Hawaii the United States to until the Hawaiian Organic Act of 1900 pluck it." - Minister to the established a permanent territorial government led by a governor. Secretary of State February 1, 1893 O. (8) Hawaii will be annexed under President McKinley on July 7, 1898 Fun fact for the day! Hawaii becomes A state on August 21, 1959 Notice McKinley has Cuba, Puerto Rico, The Philippines and Sandwich Islands (Roosevelt will add Panama) China A. China provided an additional market for the US to sell to during the age of New Imperialism B. Japan defeated China in 1895 – Japan encouraged European tries to take advantage of China’s weakened position. C. Each nation sought to establish a “sphere of influence” – an area in which that country’s commercial and military interests dominate (10) 1899, Secretary of Secretary of State John State John Hay Hay circulated the first of two “open door” notes to imperial powers asked them to open free trade in China E. Three part process: (1) requested that all ports in their spheres be open to trade (2) requested that China be allowed to collect tariffs and duties (3) requested equal harbor, railroad and tariff rates be equal in their spheres (10 cont.) Boxer Rebellion in China A. Group of Chinese nationalists (known as the Boxers) blamed the US (Westerners and foreigners) for China’s troubles B. Spring of 1900, the Boxers killed over 200 foreign missionaries and traders in China C. Foreign countries responded by sending in troops to Beijing – along the way, these troops plundered the countryside and killed civilians E. Sec. of State John Hay issued a 2nd Open Door Note requesting foreign powers to respect China’s territorial/administrative rights and continue open trade F. China remained sovereign but had to pay European powers $333 million for damages (5) Spanish American War- 1898 An armed military conflict between Spain and the United States that took place from April to August 1898. The war began due to American demands that Spain peacefully resolve the Cuban fight for independence. However, strong expansionist sentiment in the United States may have also made the US target Spain's other remaining overseas territories: Puerto Rico, the Philippines, Guam and the Caroline Islands. Spanish American War - 1898 Some causes of American involvement… 1. Cuban Revolution- Cuba’s fight for freedom from Spanish oppression 2. Mistreatment of Women- the reported atrocities committed against Cuban women from Spanish “overseers” in Cuba 3. DeLome letter- The Spanish diplomat's controversial letter was critical of U.S. President McKinley and the prospects for peace . It was leaked to the U.S. press, forcing the recall of the highly capable minister. (4) DeLome letter- The Spanish diplomat's WAR FEVER controversial letter was critical ESCALATES of U.S. President McKinley and the prospects for peace . It was leaked to the U.S. press, forcing the recall of the highly capable minister • Newspaper publishers William Randolph Hearst (New York Journal) and Joseph Pulitzer (New York World) exaggerated Spanish atrocities and brutality in “Headline Wars” Political cartoon: Pulitzer (left) and Hearst escalating and instigating war between the U.S. and Spain 4. Yellow Journalism- Newspapers like the New York Journal and the New York World relied on sensationalist headlines to sell newspapers- the Cuban Revolution was an excellent chance to sell papers… remember: "Everything is quiet. There is no trouble. There will be no war. I wish to return." The publisher's reply is alleged to have been: "Please remain. You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war." 5. Explosion of the USS Maine - The American battleship that mysteriously exploded in Havana Harbor (while protecting US interests’ in Cuba) causing outrage and the eventual entrance of America into Cuba’s revolution against Spain (3) February 15, 1898 U.S.S. Maine explodes In Havana Harbor, Cuba (a) The explosion demolished the ship, killing 266 crewmen. An inquest ruled that the explosion was caused by sabotage. Later investigations suggested that an accidental fire in the coal storage bunker ignited the gunpowder magazines. (b) The explosion was a cause of the Spanish-American War and reason for the rallying cry, "Remember the Maine!, To hell with Spain!" The episode focused national attention on the crisis in Cuba but was not cited by President McKinley as a cause. (c) Some who were already inclined to go to war with Spain over their perceived atrocities and loss of control in Cuba may have seen this as the last straw. Cuba - 90 miles from FL II. March 29, 1898 The United States Government issued an ultimatum to the Spanish Government to terminate its presence in Cuba. Spain did not accept the ultimatum. III. April 4, 1898 The New York Journal issued a million copy press run dedicated to the war in Cuba. The newspaper called for the immediate U.S. entry into war with Spain. IV. April 19, 1898 The U.S. Congress by vote of 311 to 6 in the House and 42 to 35 in the Senate voted for war with Spain.(9) The Teller Amendment, passed at this time disclaimed any intention by the U.S. to control Cuba except in a pacification role and promised to leave the island as soon as the war was over. V. April 25, 1898 War was formally declared between Spain and the United States and McKinley ordered a blockade of Cuba. The U.S. fleet left Florida for Havana to begin the Cuban blockade at the principal ports . McKinley called for 125,000 volunteers. (14) April 30 /May 1, 1898 U.S. Commodore George Dewey was told to attack the Spanish in Manila Bay, Philippines. (a) He sailed from China late the night of April 30, and the following morning he gave the order to attack at first light, by saying the now famous words "You may fire when you are ready." Within 6 hours, on May 1, he had sunk or captured the entire Spanish Pacific fleet, with the loss of only one life on the American side. (b) News of the victory in the Battle of Manila Bay made Dewey a great hero in the U.S. Dewey's swift easy victory encouraged McKinley to place the Philippines under U.S. control. Spain also owns territory in Pacific… a good place for our “land birds” to land on!! VII. Guam, one of the Mariana Islands in the western Pacific, surrendered to Captain Henry Glass on the U.S.S. Charleston. The Spanish commander on the island obviously had not heard of the outbreak of the war, and there was no ammunition on the island. VIII. (6) Teddy Roosevelt and his Rough Riders … El Caney and the battle of San Juan Hill, Spanish outposts to Santiago de Cuba, were stormed and taken over by U.S. troops. There were heavy casualties on both sides. This is the famous battle won by Roosevelt and the turning point to the fighting in Cuba- the US is winning July 3, 1898 - (15) THE NAVAL BATTLE OF SANTIAGO The U.S. Navy's defeat of the Spanish Navy marked the end of centuries-long Spanish power in the western hemisphere. 1,800 Spaniards died in the battle, in contrast to one American death and one American wounded sailor.
Recommended publications
  • Was American Expansion Abroad Justified?
    NEW YORK STATE SOCIAL STUDIES RESOURCE TOOLKIT 8th Grade American Expansion Inquiry Was American Expansion Abroad Justified? Newspaper front page about the explosIon of the USS Maine, an AmerIcan war shIp. New York Journal. “DestructIon of the War ShIp Maine was the Work of an Enemy,” February 17, 1898. PublIc domain. Available at http://www.pbs.org/crucIble/headlIne7.html. Supporting Questions 1. What condItIons Influenced the United States’ expansion abroad? 2. What arguments were made In favor of ImperIalIsm and the SpanIsh-AmerIcan War? 3. What arguments were made In opposItIon to ImperIalIsm and the SpanIsh-AmerIcan War? 4. What were the results of the US involvement in the Spanish-AmerIcan War? THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION- NONCOMMERCIAL- SHAREALIKE 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE. 1 NEW YORK STATE SOCIAL STUDIES RESOURCE TOOLKIT 8th Grade American Expansion Inquiry Was American Expansion Abroad Justified? 8.3 EXPANSION AND IMPERIALISM: BegInning In the second half of the 19th century, economIc, New York State Social polItIcal, and cultural factors contrIbuted to a push for westward expansIon and more aggressIve Studies Framework Key UnIted States foreIgn polIcy. Idea & Practices Gathering, Using, and Interpreting EVidence Geographic Reasoning Economics and Economic Systems Staging the Question UNDERSTAND Discuss a recent mIlItary InterventIon abroad by the UnIted States. Supporting Question 1 Supporting Question 2 Supporting Question 3 Supporting Question 4 What condItIons Influenced What arguments were
    [Show full text]
  • Pizzagate / Pedogate, a No-Nonsense Fact-Filled Reader
    Pizzagate / Pedogate A No-nonsense Fact-filled reader Preface I therefore determine that serious human rights abuse and corruption around the world constitute an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States, and I hereby declare a national emergency to deal with that threat. —Trump Executive Order 13818, Dec. 20, 2017 Pizzagate means many things to many people, the angle of the lens may be different, but the focus zeros in on a common body of incontestable facts. The fruit of top researchers collected in this reader allows you to compare, correlate and derive a flexible synthesis to suit your needs. An era of wild contradiction is upon us in the press. The psychopathic rumblings that pass for political discourse bring the artform of infotainment to a golden blossoming. A bookstore display table featuring The Fixers; The Bottom-Feeders, Crooked Lawyers, Gossipmongers, and Porn Stars Who Created the 45th President versus Witch Hunt; The Story of the Greatest Mass Delusion in American Political History are both talking about the same man, someone who paid for his campaign out of his own pocket. There were no big donors from China and the traditional bank of puppeteers. This created a HUGE problem, one whose solution threatened the money holders and influence peddlers. New leadership and a presidential order that threw down the gauntlet, a state of emergency, seeded the storm clouds. The starting gun was fired, all systems were go, the race had begun. FISAs and covert operations sprang into action. The envelopes are being delivered, the career decisions are being made, should I move on or stay the course.
    [Show full text]
  • Identifying and Countering FAKE NEWS Mark Verstraete1, Derek E
    Identifying and Countering FAKE NEWS Mark Verstraete1, Derek E. Bambauer2, & Jane R. Bambauer3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Fake news has become a controversial, highly contested issue recently. But in the public discourse, “fake news” is often used to refer to several different phenomena. The lack of clarity around what exactly fake news is makes understanding the social harms that it creates and crafting solutions to these harms difficult. This report adds clarity to these discussions by identifying several distinct types of fake news: hoax, propaganda, trolling, and satire. In classifying these different types of fake news, it identifies distinct features of each type of fake news that can be targeted by regulation to shift their production and dissemination. This report introduces a visual matrix to organize different types of fake news and show the ways in which they are related and distinct. The two defining features of different types of fake news are 1) whether the author intends to deceive readers and 2) whether the motivation for creating fake news is financial. These distinctions are a useful first step towards crafting solutions that can target the pernicious forms of fake news (hoaxes and propaganda) without chilling the production of socially valuable satire. The report emphasizes that rigid distinctions between types of fake news may be unworkable. Many authors produce fake news stories while holding different intentions and motivations simultaneously. This creates definitional grey areas. For instance, a fake news author can create a story as a response to both financial and political motives. Given 1 Fellow in Privacy and Free Speech, University of Arizona, James E.
    [Show full text]
  • Professors of Paranoia?
    http://chronicle.com/free/v52/i42/42a01001.htm From the issue dated June 23, 2006 Professors of Paranoia? Academics give a scholarly stamp to 9/11 conspiracy theories By JOHN GRAVOIS Chicago Nearly five years have gone by since it happened. The trial of Zacarias Moussaoui is over. Construction of the Freedom Tower just began. Oliver Stone's movie about the attacks is due out in theaters soon. And colleges are offering degrees in homeland-security management. The post-9/11 era is barreling along. And yet a whole subculture is still stuck at that first morning. They are playing and replaying the footage of the disaster, looking for clues that it was an "inside job." They feel sure the post-9/11 era is built on a lie. In recent months, interest in September 11-conspiracy theories has surged. Since January, traffic to the major conspiracy Web sites has increased steadily. The number of blogs that mention "9/11" and "conspiracy" each day has climbed from a handful to over a hundred. Why now? Oddly enough, the answer lies with a soft-spoken physicist from Brigham Young University named Steven E. Jones, a devout Mormon and, until recently, a faithful supporter of George W. Bush. Last November Mr. Jones posted a paper online advancing the hypothesis that the airplanes Americans saw crashing into the twin towers were not sufficient to cause their collapse, and that the towers had to have been brought down in a controlled demolition. Now he is the best hope of a movement that seeks to convince the rest of America that elements of the government are guilty of mass murder on their own soil.
    [Show full text]
  • ALFIE ALVARADO-RAMOS What Alfie Is All About by John C
    Alfie with Milton D. Till Sr., a World War II Navy veteran. A tireless volunteer in the veterans’ community, Till died in 2020 at the age of 92. State Department of Veterans Affairs ALFIE ALVARADO-RAMOS What Alfie is All About By John C. Hughes Alfie Alvarado-Ramos “Veterans are the center of everything we do” he wanted to be a combat medic in Vietnam, but they told her women were barred from the battlefield. The Army sent her to nursing school. Now she’s a general in a war with an invisible enemy, a veteran helping veterans. Her name Sis Lourdes Esther Alvarado-Ramos. That’s a lot of names. You can call her “Alfie.” Everyone does. Her trademark smile also opens a lot of doors. Naïve but determined, she was a tiny 18-year-old when she ditched her boy- friend and left Puerto Rico to join the military 50 years ago. She was the first to volunteer for anything, even KP. Her boots were always the shiniest. She aced every test. Within 17 years she was one of the Army’s highest-ranking non-commissioned officers in the health-care field—the first female First Sergeant in the Berlin Bri- gade, and the first female Command Sergeant Major at Madigan Hospital and Fort Lewis. On the way up, she wasn’t afraid to make waves, especially when she encoun- tered sexism. The dentist who called her “sweetheart” got drilled. “I’m Hispanic. I’m female. And I am short!” Alfie says, chuckling now as she remembers the times when she had to draw the line.
    [Show full text]
  • RAO BULLETIN 1 April 2021
    RAO BULLETIN 1 April 2021 PDF Edition THIS RETIREE ACTIVITIES OFFICE BULLETIN CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES Pg Article Subject . * DOD * . 04 == Pentagon Reimbursements ---- (U.S. Failed to Collect $773M from Afghan Coalition Partners) 05 == DFAS myPay System [19] ---- (Two-Factor Authentication Soon for Access to Your Pay Account) 05 == Arlington National Cemetery [91] ---- (Congress Needs to Designate a Replacement) 07 == NPRC Military Records [08] ---- (VA to Vaccinate NPRC Employees to Reduce Backlog) 08 == DoD Fraud, Waste, & Abuse ---- (Reported 16 thru 31 MAR 2021) 09 == Jetpacks ---- (Pentagon Finally Wants To Make Jetpack Soldiers a Reality) 10 == MCRD Paris Island ---- (In Peril | Rising Sea Levels Threaten Historic Marine Base) 13 == Marine Corps Base Hawaii ---- (Shore Sinking At Pu’uloa Range Training Facility) 14 == POW/MIA Recoveries & Burials ---- (Reported 16 thru 31 MAR 2021 | Eighteen) . * VA * . 18 == Coronavirus Vaccines [32] ---- (New Law Allows All Vets, Spouses & Caregivers to Receive from VA) 19 == VA EHR [28] ---- (Review Ordered amid Legislator’s Project Size and Scope Concerns 20 == PTSD Marijuana Treatment [03] ---- (Short-Term Use of Cannabis Safe | No More Effective than Placebo) 22 == VA FMP [02] ---- (Medical Claims | Philippines) 23 == VA Claims Backlog [167] ---- (Skepticism Surrounds VA Promise to Draw It Down) 24 == VA Audiology Care [01] ---- (Free Captioned Telephone Service) 25 == VA Dental Care [09] ---- (New Technology | CEREC Process) 26 == VA Vibration Care ---- (Claims for Problems Related To Exposure during Military Service) 1 27 == VA VEText ---- (Appointment Scheduling via Text Messaging) 28 == VA Fraud, Waste & Abuse ---- (Reported 16 thru 31 MAR 2021) . * VETS * . 30 == LGBT Veterans [01] ---- (Difficulty Obtaining Benefits) 32 == Homeless Vets [105] ---- (HUD Reports Numbers Increased in 2021) 33 == Vet Fraud & Abuse ---- (Reported 16 thru 31 MAR 2021) 36 == U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Theodore Roosevelt and the United States Battleship Maine
    Theodore Roosevelt and the United States Battleship Maine Kenneth C. Wenzer The USB Maine exploded in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898.1 Interest in this ship has endured for over 100 years and has, at times, provoked controversy. Apparently, some people still believe that a mine, surreptitiously planted by Spanish authorities, Cuban rebels, or other saboteurs, caused the initial detonation.2 A literary cottage industry of publications advocating different theories have muddied the waters, most notably Remembering the Maine published in 1995 and an article by National Geographic three years later.3 Under the auspices of Adm. Hyman G. Rickover, a team of seasoned researchers in the mid-1970s Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore proved in How the Battleship Maine Roosevelt, 1897–1898 Kenneth C. Wenzer is a historian who is affiliated with the Naval History and Heritage Command (Spanish-American War and World War I Documentary History Projects), Washington Navy Yard, Washington, DC. The opinions and conclusions expressed in this article are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Navy or any other agency of the U.S. government. 1 The Maine was an armored cruiser and a second-class battleship. A gun from the Maine (now undergoing restoration) at the Washington Navy Yard has an inscribed plaque on the turret: “6 INCH- 30 CALIBER GUN FROM U.S. BATTLESHIP “MAINE” SUNK IN HAVANA HARBOR FEBRUARY 15, 1898.” Additionally, the “U.S.S.” prefix designation did not become official until 1907 by order of President Theodore Roosevelt.
    [Show full text]
  • State of Ambiguity: Civic Life and Culture in Cuba's First Republic
    STATE OF AMBIGUITY STATE OF AMBIGUITY CiviC Life and CuLture in Cuba’s first repubLiC STEVEN PALMER, JOSÉ ANTONIO PIQUERAS, and AMPARO SÁNCHEZ COBOS, editors Duke university press 2014 © 2014 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-f ree paper ♾ Designed by Heather Hensley Typeset in Minion Pro by Tseng Information Systems, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data State of ambiguity : civic life and culture in Cuba’s first republic / Steven Palmer, José Antonio Piqueras, and Amparo Sánchez Cobos, editors. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-8223-5630-1 (cloth : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-8223-5638-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Cuba—History—19th century. 2. Cuba—History—20th century. 3. Cuba—Politics and government—19th century. 4. Cuba—Politics and government—20th century. 5. Cuba— Civilization—19th century. 6. Cuba—Civilization—20th century. i. Palmer, Steven Paul. ii. Piqueras Arenas, José A. (José Antonio). iii. Sánchez Cobos, Amparo. f1784.s73 2014 972.91′05—dc23 2013048700 CONTENTS Introduction: Revisiting Cuba’s First Republic | 1 Steven Palmer, José Antonio Piqueras, and Amparo Sánchez Cobos 1. A Sunken Ship, a Bronze Eagle, and the Politics of Memory: The “Social Life” of the USS Maine in Cuba (1898–1961) | 22 Marial Iglesias Utset 2. Shifting Sands of Cuban Science, 1875–1933 | 54 Steven Palmer 3. Race, Labor, and Citizenship in Cuba: A View from the Sugar District of Cienfuegos, 1886–1909 | 82 Rebecca J. Scott 4. Slaughterhouses and Milk Consumption in the “Sick Republic”: Socio- Environmental Change and Sanitary Technology in Havana, 1890–1925 | 121 Reinaldo Funes Monzote 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Ever Faithful
    Ever Faithful Ever Faithful Race, Loyalty, and the Ends of Empire in Spanish Cuba David Sartorius Duke University Press • Durham and London • 2013 © 2013 Duke University Press. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper ∞ Tyeset in Minion Pro by Westchester Publishing Services. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Sartorius, David A. Ever faithful : race, loyalty, and the ends of empire in Spanish Cuba / David Sartorius. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978- 0- 8223- 5579- 3 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978- 0- 8223- 5593- 9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Blacks— Race identity— Cuba—History—19th century. 2. Cuba— Race relations— History—19th century. 3. Spain— Colonies—America— Administration—History—19th century. I. Title. F1789.N3S27 2013 305.80097291—dc23 2013025534 contents Preface • vii A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s • xv Introduction A Faithful Account of Colonial Racial Politics • 1 one Belonging to an Empire • 21 Race and Rights two Suspicious Affi nities • 52 Loyal Subjectivity and the Paternalist Public three Th e Will to Freedom • 94 Spanish Allegiances in the Ten Years’ War four Publicizing Loyalty • 128 Race and the Post- Zanjón Public Sphere five “Long Live Spain! Death to Autonomy!” • 158 Liberalism and Slave Emancipation six Th e Price of Integrity • 187 Limited Loyalties in Revolution Conclusion Subject Citizens and the Tragedy of Loyalty • 217 Notes • 227 Bibliography • 271 Index • 305 preface To visit the Palace of the Captain General on Havana’s Plaza de Armas today is to witness the most prominent stone- and mortar monument to the endur- ing history of Spanish colonial rule in Cuba.
    [Show full text]
  • Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 10: 1898-1919
    Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 10: 1898-1919 Contents CHAPTER 10 INTRODUCTORY ESSAY: 1898–1919 ............................................ 2 NARRATIVES .............................................................................................................. 4 Ida M. Tarbell’s Crusade against Standard Oil ..................................................................................... 4 Alice Paul and the Struggle for Women’s Suffrage ............................................................................... 6 Remember the Maine! Theodore Roosevelt and the Rough Riders ...................................................... 7 Westward Expansion and the Quest to Conserve ................................................................................. 8 Jim Crow and Progressivism .................................................................................................................. 9 The Panama Canal ................................................................................................................................ 10 Speaker Joseph Cannon Dethroned ..................................................................................................... 11 Wilsonian Progressivism ....................................................................................................................... 12 The Philippine-American War .............................................................................................................. 13 America Enters World
    [Show full text]
  • Competition, Disruption, and Deception: Global Trends 2018–2023
    Competition, Disruption, and Deception Global Trends 2018–2023 Five significant trends will dramatically shape the global outlook and operating environment through 2023. Global Trends 2018–2023 1 About Global Trends Global Trends 2018–2023 identifies five macro trends that play an outsized role in the current and future operating environment for businesses, governments, and citizens around the world. As part of its core mandate to help leaders anticipate and plan for the future, the A.T. Kearney Global Business Policy Council continually scans the horizon for developments across the global external strategic operating environment in the key dimensions of demography, economy, environment, geopolitics, governance, resources, and technology. In assessing these dimensions, the Council identifies emerging trends on an annual basis that may be slightly below the radar but are likely to have significant implications for how businesses and governments operate in the following five years. Global Trends 2018–2023 explores the manifestation of each of this year’s trends today, analyzes its medium-term outlook, and presents its high-level implications for business and government. This publication also revisits the trends that the Council identified in last year’s report to assess their trajectories over the past year and update their future prospects. The goal of the Council’s annual global trends publication is to help business and government leaders and strategic planners question their assumptions and build their capacity for adapting to the future—whatever it may bring. As such, the Council’s global trends analysis can help organizations develop monitoring systems for the evolution of trends—and the strategic shocks they may generate— that are most germane to their sector or industry, mitigating downside risks, recognizing opportunities, and strengthening their long-term strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • The Boys of •Ž98
    The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Boys of ’98 by James Otis This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: The Boys of ’98 Author: James Otis Release Date: December 15, 2009 [Ebook 30684] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BOYS OF ’98*** THE BOYS OF ’98 STORIES of AMERICAN HISTORY By James Otis 1. When We Destroyed the Gaspee 2. Boston Boys of 1775 3. When Dewey Came to Manila 4. Off Santiago with Sampson 5. When Israel Putnam Served the King 6. The Signal Boys of ’75 (A Tale of the Siege of Boston) 7. Under the Liberty Tree (A Story of the Boston Massacre) 8. The Boys of 1745 (The Capture of Louisburg) 9. An Island Refuge (Casco Bay in 1676) 10. Neal the Miller (A Son of Liberty) 11. Ezra Jordan’s Escape (The Massacre at Fort Loyall) DANA ESTES & COMPANY Publishers Estes Press, Summer St., Boston THE CHARGE AT EL CANEY. [iii] THE BOYS OF ’98 BY JAMES OTIS AUTHOR OF “TOBY TYLER,”“JENNY WREN’S BOARDING HOUSE,” “THE BOYS OF FORT SCHUYLER,” ETC. vii Illustrated by J. STEEPLE DAVIS FRANK T. MERRILL And with Reproductions of Photographs ELEVENTH THOUSAND BOSTON DANA ESTES & COMPANY PUBLISHERS [iv] Copyright, 1898 BY DANA ESTES &COMPANY [v] CONTENTS. CHAPTER PAGE I. THE BATTLE-SHIP MAINE 1 II.
    [Show full text]