CELEBRATING CUBA! Collaborative Collections of Cuban Patrimony

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Quarterly Report, March 2020

George A. Smathers Libraries Year 3, Issue 1 CELEBRATING CUBA! Collaborative Collections of Cuban Patrimony

Announcement: TheCelebrating Cuba! project has posted a video to help students and researchers’ access primary and scholarly sources remotely during the COVID-19 crisis. Access the video here: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/IR00011125/00002

Celebrating Cuba! Collaborative Collections of Cuban Public Library, University of California Los Angeles, Patrimony seeks to advance and centralize current University of Kentucky, University of Miami, University digital surrogates of Cuban historical and cultural of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Yale University. material with the ultimate goal of providing global access to Cuba’s patrimony. Materials are available at BNJM and through the University of Florida Digital Collections’ Celebrating Cuba! currently contains more than Celebrating Cuba! (www.ufdc.ufl.edu/CUBA) site one million pages organized in ten different and simultaneously in the Digital Library of the collections: Cuban Newspapers and Periodicals, Cuban Caribbean (dLOC, www.dLOC.com). Digital files are Monographs including Cuban Thinkers and Intellectual also available to partner institutions who wish to host Leaders, Maps of Cuba, Cuban Judaica, Archives materials locally. Specific current priority projects and Manuscripts, Cuban Law, U.S. Government and links to digital collections for each one are below. Publications about Cuba, and Theses and Dissertations If you are interested in learning more about specific about Cuba. This is the result of more than three initiatives or wish to participate in one or more of the years of collaborative work between the George projects, please contact [email protected]. A. Smathers Libraries at the University of Florida (https://cms.uflib.ufl.edu/) and Biblioteca Nacional This report highlights recent additions (since de Cuba José Martí (BNJM, http://www.bnjm.cu/) as December 2019) to each of the collections as well well as other partner universities and contributors in as new projects on the horizon. Collaboration with the United States such as Cornell University, Duke partner institutions in the United States is active and University, Florida International University, Harvard successfully expanding this unique digital repository University, HistoryMiami, Kent State University, that provides broad public access to Cuba’s cultural Library of Congress (US), LLMC-Digital, New York and historical patrimony. 1 Cuban Newspapers and Periodicals

TheCuban Newspapers and Periodicals digital collection (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubanserials) includes newsletters, and periodicals published in Cuba and those published in the United States and other countries by Cubans or about Cuba cover a broad variety of topics such as Cuban politics, science, religion, entertainment, literature, history, arts, and culture. The majority of these serials date from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and the contents cover a broad variety of topics such as politics, science, religion, entertainment, literature, history, arts, and culture. During the last two months, two of the top and most viewed newspapers in the Cuban Newspapers and Periodicals digital collection (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/ cubanserials) were Diario de la Marina and Noticias de Hoy. The daily publicationDiario de la Marina officially launched in 1844, led by Isidoro Araujo de Lira, and ceased production right after the Cuban Revolution

First page of first issue ofDiario de la Marina held in UFDC, September 3rd, 1844. https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00001565/05637

when José Ignacio Rivero was the newspaper’s director. Nine directors headed the newspaper until 1960, with offices in downtown Havana. There are 18,343 issues of this title digitized in the Cuban Newspapers and Periodicals digital collection (visit https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00001565/05637 to access all of the volumes), the largest online collection in the world. After the newspaper’s offices closed in Havana, there was an attempt to continue publishing Diario de la Marina in the United States. The 7 días del Diario de la Marina (7 days of Diario de la Marina or Diario de la Marina in exile) (http://ufdc.ufl. edu/UF00066904/00001) headed by José L. Rivero was published for several months in Miami Beach, Florida, in 1960 and 1961.

Cover of the last issue published of 7 días del Diario de la Marina, Miami Beach, Florida. https://ufdc.ufl.edu/ UF00066904/00019 2 Cuban Newspapers and Periodicals (continued)

Noticias de Hoy (http://ufdc.ufl.edu/ NEW ADDITIONS OF BORN DIGITAL AA00022089/00367) was a daily newspaper that PUBLICATIONS began publishing in 1938 to give public voice to the recently legalized Communist Party in Cuba Between January and March of 2020, eight in opposition to more conservative publications different born digital titles loaded their serial like Diario de la Marina. Augusto Miranda was publications onto UFDC. Adelante (https://ufdc. the first director of the newspaper.Noticias de Hoy ufl.edu/AA00054323/00180), a weekly publication represented Cuba’s Communist ideologies and from Camagüey, Cuba, and affiliated with Cuba’s contributions in a context of growing left-wing Communist Party, publishes on Cuban politics, political parties and governments around the world. health, the economy, and international news. UFDC Its content is fundamentally political, with a great is home to editions of Adelante back to 2016. focus on international affairs, and an extraordinary resource to document the last events of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), important developments of the Labor and Communist Movement of the late 1930s and 1940s, news about Florida, global economic trends and events, the United States Title header and logo of the Cuba’s digital weekly publication military interventions worldwide, and the rise Adelante (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00054323/00180) of Nazi Germany. Its pages also include columns about literature and theater, sports, Cuban local and provincial news, and some advertisements. Once Granma became Cuba’s only and official newspaper, There are 17 issues in total of Venceremos (https:// Noticias de Hoy ceased publication in 1965. UFDC is ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00098944/00130), published by Cuba’s home to over six thousand issues of Noticias de Hoy Guantánamo province Communist Party branch, the (http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00022089/00367). latest issue in UFDC being from March 13th of 2020. UFDC is also home to the Cuban publication ¡Ahora! (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00098942/00988), linked to Cuba’s Communist Party as well, but for the province of Holguín in eastern Cuba. The editorial board of ¡Ahora! has contributed issues of the weekly publication between 2009 to March of 2020. Also from Holguín, UFDC collects the magazine Ámbito (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00062998/00009), a culture and arts supplement to ¡Ahora!, published since 1987, and now delivering digital issues.

Cover of Noticias de Hoy on July 20th, 1939. https://ufdc.ufl.edu/l/AA00022089/00367 3 Cuban Newspapers and Periodicals (continued)

NEW ADDITIONS OF BORN DIGITAL Also part of the recently added items within Cuban PUBLICATIONS Newspapers and Periodicals digital collection (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubanserials) are Horizontes del There are issues of the university students’ serial Bibliotecario from the Biblioteca Medicia de Cuba in publication Alma Mater since 2009 (https://ufdc.ufl. Havana, Cuba, and Sierra Maestra, published by the edu/UF00098943). It is “the voice of Cuban university Cuba’s Communist Party branch in Santiago de Cuba, students,” with articles about politics, literature, with news about the ongoing outbreak of COVID19 arts, music, fashion, university news, and local in Cuba and around the world. announcements.

Cover of Alma Mater for March of 2020. In this issue, Cover of Sierra Maestra (March 27th, 2020), showing experts university students discuss the housing market in Cuba. in meetings practicing physical distancing. For more issues of For more issues of Alma Mater see all volumes here: Sierra Maestra see https://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00016009/0052 https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00098943

4 Cuban Monographs, including Cuban Thinkers

For the Cuban Monographs collection, the project investment, crime, women’s rights, spirituality, seeks to identify and digitize all monographs popular culture, and human rights. The main goal published in Cuba, as well as publications of of this collection is to identify and prioritize the important Cuban intellectuals outside of Cuba. digitization of Cuban bibliographic patrimony of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The collection The collection ofCuban Monographs (https://ufdc. contains 748 titles, and the main contributors to the ufl.edu/cubanimprints) includes bibliographic and collection are BNJM, University of Florida, Harvard literary materials on Cuba’s colonial past, efforts University, Kent State University, and University of for self-governance, slavery, nationalism, foreign North Carolina. NEW ITEMS FROM OUR PARTNERS

Banner for the Cuban Monographs (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubanimprints)

The manuscript El Liceo de Regla en la Colonia (1946) relativos a los huracanes de las Antillas en setiembre was donated by Kent State University and later y octubre de 1875 y 76 (or Notes on the 1875 and digitized and made available in UFDC (https://ufdc. 1876 hurricanes in the Antilles) (https://ufdc.ufl. ufl.edu/AA00069136/00001). It is part of Kent State edu/AA00076394/00001), published in 1877, was University’s extensive collection of unique Cuban added to the collection of Cuban Monographs. In manuscripts that the team of Celebrating Cuba! is this book, member of the Real Academia de Ciencias preparing to scan. El Liceo de Regla en la Colonia, Médicas, Físicas y Naturales de la Habana, P. Benito by Federico Garrucho Fernández, is a history of Viñes (1837-1893), describes both the 1875 and the school Liceo Artístico y Litario de Regla that 1876 hurricanes, providing detailed, hour-by-hour was founded by José Martí in 1879. The school was accounts of wind strength and impact of rain and closed in 1896 by the colonial government and later wind on the land. The manuscript also contains in 1900, after Cuba gained independence, the school information on the effects of the storm in some parts reopened. This item is accessible here: of Florida. It is an extraordinary source to document https://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00069136/00001. the history of natural disasters, and a useful account for both historians and We are currently loading new items contributed by environmental scientists Harvard University’s Widener Library. Titles in this to prepare for future batch include 19 titles from the nineteenth century, storms in the Caribbean. and 50 titles published in the twentieth century before 1923. Some of the titles that will be soon be part of the Celebrating Cuba! collection are the 1854 Nociones generales de geografía de la isla de Cuba, and the Matanzas’ Censo de población de 1880 (or population census for the year 1880) published in 1881. Cover of the 1877 Apuntes The team of Celebrating Cuba! regularly identifies relativos a los huracanes de las Antillas en setiembre titles that are already online and that institutions like y octubre de 1875 y 76 the University of California load to digital repositories (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/ such as HathiTrust. Recently, the monograph Apuntes AA00076394/00001) 5 Cuban Thinkers and Intellectual Leaders (continued)

TheCuban Thinkers and Intellectual Leaders collection contain a gallery of Cuban thinkers, with interactive (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubanthinkers) includes works timelines and abstracts about their works. It will also by and about a group of Cuban philosophers, include a link to a Zotero Group Bibliography, where scholars, clergy, scientists, and thinkers (pensadores) interested parties and researchers will be invited to who advocated new ideas and significantly influenced join and participate in contributing a Cuban Thinkers the development of Cuba as an independent nation, bibliography. During the 2020 internship program, particularly in the nineteenth century. These the graduate intern will focus on three authors: José intellectual leaders focused on social, political, Martí, José Antonio Saco, and Félix Varela. At the end economic, and cultural issues, and many were of the Spring of 2020, the website Cuba, Pearl of the proponents of Cuban nationalism and independence Caribbean will be launched with information about from Spain. José Martí. During the two following semesters, the profiles of José Antonio Saco and Félix Varela will The list of Cubanpensadores included in this be added. In addition, to complement José Antonio collection is growing every day and includes works by: Saco’s profile, theCelebrating Cuba! team has recently • Francisco Arango y Parreño (1765-1837) digitized four letters written by him. Please see the • José Martín Félix de Arrate y Acosta (1701-1765) news section for the Cuban Archives and Manuscripts • José Agustín Caballero (1762-1835) collection in this report to learn more about this • Juan Jose Diaz de Espada y Fernandez de Landa correspondence. (1756-1802) • Máximo Gómez (1836-1905) • Pedro José Guiteras (1814-1890) • Jose de la Luz y Caballero (1800-1862) • Antonio Maceo (1845-1896) • José Martí (1853-1895) • Rafael María Mendive y Daumy (1821-1886) • Domingo del Monte (1804-1853) • Pedro Agustín Morell de Santa Cruz (1694-1768) • Jacobo de la Pezuela (1812-1884) • Felipe Poey (1799-1891) • Tomás Romay Chacón (1764-1894) • José Antonio Saco (1797-1879) • Ramón de la Sagra (1792-1871) • Ignacio José de Urrutia y Montoya (1735-1795) • Félix Varela (1788-1853) • Enrique José Varona (1849-1933)

NEWS FROM THE CUBAN THINKERS AND INTELLECTUAL LEADERS COLLECTION (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubanthinkers) Portrait of José Martí in 1869 when he was 16 years old, in In January of 2020, Dr. Paula de la Cruz Fernandez Havana, Cuba, published in the newspaper La Discusión in was awarded funding for a paid internship, to 1924. For more portraits of José Martí see Iconografía del apóstol Martí (1925), https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00078332/00001 support a graduate student in working on the project Exploring the Works and Times of Cuban Intellectuals of the Nineteenth Century. The graduate student intern is working for three semesters to create a website entitled Cuba, Pearl of the Caribbean. The site will 6 Maps of Cuba

TheMaps of Cuba collection (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/ cubanmaps) houses digital surrogates of items with maps of the geographical area of Cuba. The maps can be of the entire Gulf of Mexico, parts of the island of Cuba, or sections of the Caribbean Mexican coast, but they all contain a representation of the island and country of the Republic of Cuba. Five institutions in the United States have contributed maps to this collection: HistoryMiami, Library of Congress, University of Florida, University of Kentucky, and the University of Miami. Recently, the University of Florida’s Map and Imagery Library contributed map sheets included in tourist brochures. These publications are 2000-era editions The map of Ciego de Avila shows the administrative division of maps containing information that helps visitors of this city located about 300 miles from Havana, Cuba move throughout cities, the island of Cuba, and also informs about some services available for those traveling in Cuba. In some cases, the text provided in the brochures comes in different languages, allowing the researcher and reader to know the features of Cuba’s tourist industry. The tourist brochure of the city Ciego de Avila (published in 2003, https://ufdc. ufl.edu/AA00068778/00001) contains a total of 4 map sheets with representations of different parts of the city and surrounding cities like Moron, with information about hotels, restaurants, historic places, snorkeling and fishing locations, beaches, gas stations, and medical assistance centers. The information is in English, French, and Spanish, and views of tourists and tourist locations and activities are also in the brochure. UFDC also has brochures for Cienfuegos (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00068780/00001), Camagüey (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00068777/00001), Havana (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00068783/00001), Santiago (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00068790/00001), and other locations in Cuba.

RIGHT: The tourist brochure for Camagüey, located approximately 400 miles southeast of Havana, shows the repartos or districts of the city as well as street names and services available in this city of over 300,000 people 7 Cuban Judaica

TheCuban Judaica collection (https://ufdc.ufl. the online collection of Jewish cultural heritage and edu/cubanjudaica) currently includes 221 items, historical materials published in Cuba or relating representing over 37,000 pages. The collection mostly to Cuba. To this end, the University of Florida comprises holdings from the Temple Beth Shalom continues to partner with cultural institutions in (Gran Sinagoga Bet Shalom) in Havana, Cuba, as Cuba and outside Cuba to prioritize the digitization well as material from the University of Florida’s of key Cuban Judaica material. TheCelebrating Cuba! Isser and Rae Price Library of Judaica (https://cms. team identified titles in the Digital Yiddish Library uflib.ufl.edu/judaica/Index.aspx), which has over a (https://www.yiddishbookcenter.org/collections/ quarter of a million pages online in the University digital-yiddish-library) that are related to the Cuban of Florida’s Jewish Diaspora Collection (https://ufdc. Jewish community or published in Cuba. We are now ufl.edu/judaica). The main goal of this part of the working with the Yiddish Book Center to make these Celebrating Cuba! project is to identify and enlarge titles part of the Cuban Judaica collection. Cuban Archives and Manuscripts

TheCuban Archives and Manuscripts collection was also a statesman and a prolific essayist. He (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubanmanuscripts) includes wrote extensively about slavery and Spain’s long- archival collections that document the history and delayed abolitionism. In addition to his letters, culture of Cuba and holdings that relate to Cuba the digital collection contains a transcription of and Cubans since the seventeenth century. Curated one of the letters. The PDF file with the literal collections with information in both English and transcription of the four pages of the letter “A letter Spanish are digitally accessible and documented describing the various groups in Spain that support at the Cuban Archives and Manuscripts online Cuban Independence” (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/l/ collection. AA00076547/00001) is available here: https://ufdc. ufl.edu/l/AA00076547/00001/pdf). The finding aid The letters of José Antonio Saco collection were contains more information on this collection, http:// digitized and made accessible in UFDC in the www.library.ufl.edu/spec/manuscript/guides/saco_ first quarter of 2020. There are four letters in the en.htm, and it is also available in Spanish: http://www. collection: library.ufl.edu/spec/manuscript/guides/saco_es.pdf • A letter describing various groups in Spain that support Cuban independence. (https://ufdc.ufl. edu/l/AA00076547/00001). • A letter explaining José Antonio Saco’s anti-slavery tract (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/l/AA00076547/00005). • A letter explaining José Antonio Saco’s concerns about Cuba (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/l/ AA00076547/00004). • And a letter about France’s recognition of José Antonio Saco as a revolutionary (https://ufdc.ufl. edu/l/AA00076547/00003). José Antonio Saco, born in Havana in 1797, is considered one of Cuba’s national identity framers. View of the first page of Saco’s correspondence from Gibraltar, His work was in an array of different fields, from United Kingdom, in 1847, about Cuba’s Independence history to law, politics, and anthropology, and he supporters in Europe

8 Cuban Law and Legal Materials

TheCuban Law and Legal Materials collection One of the oldest law documents in the collection (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubanlaw) includes historic is the Reglamento organico del resguardo de la isla through current Cuban law documents and related de Cuba (http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00096152/00001) international documents. Contributors to this published in 1845 and contributed by the University collection include LLMC Digital (http://llmc.com/) of Florida. Thereglamento compiles information and partners in the Digital Library of the Caribbean. about the structure TheCuban Law and Legal Materials collection is and administration rapidly growing with almost half a million digital of Cuba as a colony pages available for users to explore Cuban historical of Spain. It lists legal documents. The partnership with LLMC Digital officials’ salaries (http://llmc.com/), a consortium and nonprofit and administrative organization that seeks to preserve and digitize the tasks of officials in world’s legal patrimony, is essential for the the island as well development of the collection and other law as ports duties and collections of the Digital Library of the Caribbean. services across the coast. Currently, the Cuban Law and Legal Materials collection (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubanlaw) has 4,350 items across 422 titles. The most contemporary item in the collection is the 2015 manuscript Criminalística (http://ufdc.ufl. edu/AA00054538/00001) on criminal law by Fernández Cover of the 1845 Reglamento orgánico del resguardo de la isla Romo and Rodolfo Máximo. The document was de Cuba (http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00096152/00001) printed by contributed by Universidad de La Habana. Spain’s royal press, the Imprenta del Gobierno y Real Hacienda por S.M. US Government Documents About Cuba

The goal of theUS Government Documents About we are identifying U.S. government document Cuba collection (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubancoe) publications that relate to Cuba in the public domain is to identify, catalog, and make available U.S. and harvest them to include them in UFDC. Within government document publications that relate to this group, there are two publications that document Cuba. In 2017, UF agreed to serve as a Center of aspects of Cuba’s vegetation and geology. The Excellence (COE) for the Collaborative Federal Catalogue of the Grasses of Cuba, by A. S. Hitchcock, Depository Program managed by the Association published in 1899. The 1919 of Southeastern Research Libraries (ASERL). As the manuscript by Thomas COE for Cuba, UF catalogs, preserves, and makes Wayland Vaughan, Fossil available both print and digital collections of all corals from Central America, available U.S. government documents relating to Cuba, and Porto Rico: with Cuba, regardless of the publishing agency. an account of the American Tertiary, Pleistocene, and To date, the collection has 7,879 items within recent coral reefs. Both are 107 titles. TheCelebrating Cuba! project team, in relevant sources for the collaboration with the University of Florida George writing of the natural history A. Smathers Libraries experts on Government of Cuba, Florida, and the Documents, have identified additional titles that are Caribbean. part of our collection of US government documents and that relate directly to Cuba. We are working to add these documents to the collection. In addition, Cover of Catalogue of the Grasses of Cuba, by A. S. Hitchcock, soon to be available in UFDC 9 Theses and Dissertations About Cuba

TheTheses and Dissertations About Cuba collection (https://ufdc.ufl.edu/cubantheses) preserves research and scholarship about Cuba that has been produced by graduate students outside of Cuba. The collection currently contains a total of 90 manuscripts produced by graduate students, included here are several undergraduate honors theses, at the University of Florida over the past 70 years, with studies on a variety of topics ranging from identity politics, Cubans in exile, literature, the sugar industry in Cuba, race, slavery, and the Cuban armed forces. For this quarter, the team of Celebrating Cuba! identified eight additional titles created by graduate students at the University of Florida and others from partners and added them to the collection. One manuscript worth mentioning is from the now- Florida International University’s doctoral student, Richard Denis, who was formerly a University of Florida graduate student and who defended his MA thesis in History in 2016. His work, entitled “Una Revista al Servicio de la Nación: Bohemia and The Evolution of Cuban Journalism (1908-1960),” (https:// ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0050550/00001/pdf) explores the history of journalism in Cuba from Independence through the Revolution by examining the magazine Bohemia. Richard Denis studies the formation of Cuba’s political and public culture as both spheres Cover of Bohemia https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00029010/00075 on came to be represented in Bohemia, one of Cuba’s February 10th, 1935 most important weekly publications of the twentieth century. UFDC is home to the largest digital collections of Bohemia, with 4,835 issues from 1910 (http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00029010/03225).