Chapter 3 Study Guide Answer Key 1. What Was the Main Purpose of a Ziggurat? Pg. 92 – the Ziggurat Was the Center of the City

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Chapter 3 Study Guide Answer Key 1. What was the main purpose of a ziggurat? Pg. 92 – The Ziggurat was the center of the city. 2. What name have historians given to the land that lies between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers? Pg. 83 – Historians named the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rives Mesopotamia, which means, ‘The land between two rivers’. 3. What common item of life today was invented by the ancient Sumerians? Pg. 100 – Ancient Sumerians invented the first wheel. 4. On what did Sumerian farmers depend in order to grow crops? Pgs. 84-85 – Sumerian farmers depended on a system of canals they built to bring river water into their fields. 5. What was the main building material of the ancient Sumerians? Pg. 85 – Because of a lack of resources, the main building material of Mesopotamians was mud. 6. What role did the gods play in Sumerian society? Pg. 94 – The Sumerians believed that the gods protected the people from troubles and dangers. 7. Which group of people was in the middle class of Sumerian society? Pg. 99 – The middle class in Sumerian Society was made up of farmers and artisans. 8. For what initial purpose did the Sumerians develop the world’s first writing system? Pg. 101 – Sumerians developed the world’s first writing system to keep business records. 9. Where did most Sumerians live after about 3000 B.C.? Pg. 92 – By 3000 B.C. most Sumerians lived in large city-states. 10. Who had the most power in Sumerian society? Pg. 99 – In Sumerian society, Kings and Priests had the most power. Map Skills 11. How far was Babylon from the mouth of the Euphrates River? Babylon is about 150-160 miles from the mouth of the Euphrates River. 12. Which city-state was located on the Tigris River? Umma was located on the Tigris River. 13. Which city-state was not in a floodplain? Ebla was not in a floodplain. 14. Where was the city-state of Ur located? The city-state of Ur was located near the mouth of the Euphrates River. 15. What city-state was located southeast of Babylon? Nippur is located most closely southeast of Babylon. .

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