Congressional Record—Senate S6
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History, Jurisdiction, and Summary of Legislative Activities
1 106th Congress "!S. PRT. 2d Session COMMITTEE PRINT 106–92 HISTORY, JURISDICTION, AND SUMMARY OF LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE UNITED STATES SENATE COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS DURING THE ONE HUNDRED SIXTH CONGRESS 1999–2000 Printed for the use of the Committee on Indian Affairs U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 93–313 WASHINGTON : 2004 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBELL, Colorado, Chairman DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii, Vice Chairman FRANK MURKOWSKI, Alaska KENT CONRAD, North Dakota JOHN McCAIN, Arizona, HARRY REID, Nevada SLADE GORTON, Washington DANIEL K. AKAKA, Hawaii PETE V. DOMENICI, New Mexico PAUL WELLSTONE, Minnesota CRAIG THOMAS, Wyoming BYRON L. DORGAN, North Dakota ORRIN G. HATCH, Utah JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma PAUL MOOREHEAD, Majority Staff Director/Chief Counsel PATRICIA M. ZELL, Minority Staff Director/Chief Counsel (II) I. HISTORY AND JURISDICTION A. Summary. In 1977, the Senate re-established the Committee on Indian Affairs, making it a temporary select committee [Feb- ruary 4, 1977, S. Res. 4, § 105, 95th Congress., 1st Sess. (1977), as amended]. The select committee was to disband at the close of the 95th Congress, but following several term extensions, the Senate voted to make the select committee permanent on June 6, 1984. The committee has jurisdiction to study the unique problems of American Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native peoples and to propose legislation to alleviate these difficulties. -
Appendix File Anes 1988‐1992 Merged Senate File
Version 03 Codebook ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ CODEBOOK APPENDIX FILE ANES 1988‐1992 MERGED SENATE FILE USER NOTE: Much of his file has been converted to electronic format via OCR scanning. As a result, the user is advised that some errors in character recognition may have resulted within the text. MASTER CODES: The following master codes follow in this order: PARTY‐CANDIDATE MASTER CODE CAMPAIGN ISSUES MASTER CODES CONGRESSIONAL LEADERSHIP CODE ELECTIVE OFFICE CODE RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE MASTER CODE SENATOR NAMES CODES CAMPAIGN MANAGERS AND POLLSTERS CAMPAIGN CONTENT CODES HOUSE CANDIDATES CANDIDATE CODES >> VII. MASTER CODES ‐ Survey Variables >> VII.A. Party/Candidate ('Likes/Dislikes') ? PARTY‐CANDIDATE MASTER CODE PARTY ONLY ‐‐ PEOPLE WITHIN PARTY 0001 Johnson 0002 Kennedy, John; JFK 0003 Kennedy, Robert; RFK 0004 Kennedy, Edward; "Ted" 0005 Kennedy, NA which 0006 Truman 0007 Roosevelt; "FDR" 0008 McGovern 0009 Carter 0010 Mondale 0011 McCarthy, Eugene 0012 Humphrey 0013 Muskie 0014 Dukakis, Michael 0015 Wallace 0016 Jackson, Jesse 0017 Clinton, Bill 0031 Eisenhower; Ike 0032 Nixon 0034 Rockefeller 0035 Reagan 0036 Ford 0037 Bush 0038 Connally 0039 Kissinger 0040 McCarthy, Joseph 0041 Buchanan, Pat 0051 Other national party figures (Senators, Congressman, etc.) 0052 Local party figures (city, state, etc.) 0053 Good/Young/Experienced leaders; like whole ticket 0054 Bad/Old/Inexperienced leaders; dislike whole ticket 0055 Reference to vice‐presidential candidate ? Make 0097 Other people within party reasons Card PARTY ONLY ‐‐ PARTY CHARACTERISTICS 0101 Traditional Democratic voter: always been a Democrat; just a Democrat; never been a Republican; just couldn't vote Republican 0102 Traditional Republican voter: always been a Republican; just a Republican; never been a Democrat; just couldn't vote Democratic 0111 Positive, personal, affective terms applied to party‐‐good/nice people; patriotic; etc. -
107Th Congress 45
COLORADO 107th Congress 45 COLORADO (Population 2000, 4,301,261) SENATORS BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBELL, Republican, of Ignacio, CO; born in Auburn, CA, on April 13, 1933; attended Placer High School, Auburn, CA, 1951; quit high school to join Air Force (where he got his GED); attended graduation exercises and received a diploma in 1991; B.A., San Jose State, 1957; attended Meiji University in Toyko, Japan, as special research stu- dent, 1960–64; served in U.S. Air Force in Korea, airman second class, 1951–53; jewelry de- signer who has won more than 200 first-place and best-of-show awards; rancher who raised, trained, and showed horses; All-American in judo, captain of the U.S. Olympic Judo Team in 1964, gold medal in the Pan-American Games of 1963; elected to Colorado State Legislature in 1982, serving 1983–86 on the Agriculture and Natural Affairs and Business and Labor com- mittees; appointed advisor to the Colorado Commission on International Trade and Colorado Commission on the Arts and Humanities; voted by colleagues one of ‘‘Ten Best Legislators’’ in the Denver Post-News Center 4 survey, 1984; ‘‘1984 Outstanding Legislator’’ award from Colorado Bankers Association; inducted into the Council of 44 Chiefs, Northern Cheyenne In- dian Tribe; member of Durango Chamber of Commerce, American Quarter Horse Association, American Paint Horse Association, American Brangus Association, American Indian Education Association, Colorado Pilots Association, Aircraft Owners and Pilot Association; senior tech- nical advisor, U.S. Judo Association; married: Linda Price, July 23, 1966; children: Colin and Shanan; elected to the 100th Congress, November 4, 1986; reelected to the 101st and 102nd Congresses; elected to the U.S. -
Committee on Appropriations UNITED STATES SENATE 135Th Anniversary
107th Congress, 2d Session Document No. 13 Committee on Appropriations UNITED STATES SENATE 135th Anniversary 1867–2002 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 2002 ‘‘The legislative control of the purse is the central pil- lar—the central pillar—upon which the constitutional temple of checks and balances and separation of powers rests, and if that pillar is shaken, the temple will fall. It is...central to the fundamental liberty of the Amer- ican people.’’ Senator Robert C. Byrd, Chairman Senate Appropriations Committee United States Senate Committee on Appropriations ONE HUNDRED SEVENTH CONGRESS ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia, TED STEVENS, Alaska, Ranking Chairman THAD COCHRAN, Mississippi ANIEL NOUYE Hawaii D K. I , ARLEN SPECTER, Pennsylvania RNEST OLLINGS South Carolina E F. H , PETE V. DOMENICI, New Mexico ATRICK EAHY Vermont P J. L , CHRISTOPHER S. BOND, Missouri OM ARKIN Iowa T H , MITCH MCCONNELL, Kentucky ARBARA IKULSKI Maryland B A. M , CONRAD BURNS, Montana ARRY EID Nevada H R , RICHARD C. SHELBY, Alabama ERB OHL Wisconsin H K , JUDD GREGG, New Hampshire ATTY URRAY Washington P M , ROBERT F. BENNETT, Utah YRON ORGAN North Dakota B L. D , BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBELL, Colorado IANNE EINSTEIN California D F , LARRY CRAIG, Idaho ICHARD URBIN Illinois R J. D , KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas IM OHNSON South Dakota T J , MIKE DEWINE, Ohio MARY L. LANDRIEU, Louisiana JACK REED, Rhode Island TERRENCE E. SAUVAIN, Staff Director CHARLES KIEFFER, Deputy Staff Director STEVEN J. CORTESE, Minority Staff Director V Subcommittee Membership, One Hundred Seventh Congress Senator Byrd, as chairman of the Committee, and Senator Stevens, as ranking minority member of the Committee, are ex officio members of all subcommit- tees of which they are not regular members. -
Looking for Leaders in a World of Venomous Politics Couple of Years Ago, I Had Top of Utah Voices Regretfully, Cleland’S Decision Government
Standard-Examiner ... Opinion Tuesday, October 3, 2006 7A Looking for leaders in a world of venomous politics couple of years ago, I had Top of Utah Voices Regretfully, Cleland’s decision government. the opportunity to meet Max not to seek elected office hasn’t A few weeks ago, 39 citizens ACleland when he came to stemmed the personal attacks. came forward to volunteer to fill Ogden to give the keynote address Cleland is still called upon to give a vacant seat on the Ogden City at a celebration to honor World Michael speeches and express opinions Council. This is several times the War II veterans. on political issues. This is enough number of candidates who would Cleland is a disabled veteran of Vaughan to gather the wrath of those who file for an open council seat during the Vietnam War. He was awarded disagree with him. a normal election. This suggests the Silver Star and Bronze Star. On Here is what Ann Coulter that the number of citizens willing April 8, 1968, Cleland was injured Commentary wrote about Cleland after the 2002 to serve in political office is far by an exploding grenade. The election: “It is simply a fact that greater than the number willing to injury cost Cleland both legs and Michael Vaughan is Weber State University’s Max Cleland was not injured by go through the demands of a public part of one arm. provost. He accepts e-mail from readers at enemy fire in Vietnam.” election. Shortly after his return to [email protected] Coulter concludes, “He saw a Concerns over venomous the United States, Cleland ran grenade on the ground and picked politics shouldn’t be taken as for the Georgia Senate where Cleland was emphatic that he it up. -
Ebonics Hearing
S. HRG. 105±20 EBONICS HEARING BEFORE A SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED FIFTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION SPECIAL HEARING Printed for the use of the Committee on Appropriations ( U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 39±641 cc WASHINGTON : 1997 For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402 COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS TED STEVENS, Alaska, Chairman THAD COCHRAN, Mississippi ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia ARLEN SPECTER, Pennsylvania DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii PETE V. DOMENICI, New Mexico ERNEST F. HOLLINGS, South Carolina CHRISTOPHER S. BOND, Missouri PATRICK J. LEAHY, Vermont SLADE GORTON, Washington DALE BUMPERS, Arkansas MITCH MCCONNELL, Kentucky FRANK R. LAUTENBERG, New Jersey CONRAD BURNS, Montana TOM HARKIN, Iowa RICHARD C. SHELBY, Alabama BARBARA A. MIKULSKI, Maryland JUDD GREGG, New Hampshire HARRY REID, Nevada ROBERT F. BENNETT, Utah HERB KOHL, Wisconsin BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBELL, Colorado PATTY MURRAY, Washington LARRY CRAIG, Idaho BYRON DORGAN, North Dakota LAUCH FAIRCLOTH, North Carolina BARBARA BOXER, California KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas STEVEN J. CORTESE, Staff Director LISA SUTHERLAND, Deputy Staff Director JAMES H. ENGLISH, Minority Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, AND EDUCATION, AND RELATED AGENCIES ARLEN SPECTER, Pennsylvania, Chairman THAD COCHRAN, Mississippi TOM HARKIN, Iowa SLADE GORTON, Washington ERNEST F. HOLLINGS, South Carolina CHRISTOPHER S. BOND, Missouri DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii JUDD GREGG, New Hampshire DALE BUMPERS, Arkansas LAUCH FAIRCLOTH, North Carolina HARRY REID, Nevada LARRY E. CRAIG, Idaho HERB KOHL, Wisconsin KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas PATTY MURRAY, Washington Majority Professional Staff CRAIG A. HIGGINS and BETTILOU TAYLOR Minority Professional Staff MARSHA SIMON (II) 2 CONTENTS Page Opening remarks of Senator Arlen Specter .......................................................... -
Congressional Advisory Boards Commissions, and Groups
CONGRESSIONAL ADVISORY BOARDS COMMISSIONS, AND GROUPS BOARD OF VISITORS TO THE AIR FORCE ACADEMY [Title 10, U.S.C., Section 9355(a)] Ernest F. Hollings, of South Carolina C.W. Bill Young, of Florida Max Cleland, of Georgia Joel Hefley, of Colorado Wayne Allard, of Colorado BOARD OF VISITORS TO THE MILITARY ACADEMY [Title 10, U.S.C., Section 4355(a)] Jack Reed, of Rhode Island Charles H. Taylor, of North Carolina Mary Landrieu, of Louisiana Sue Kelly, of New York Rick Santorum, of Pennsylvania BOARD OF VISITORS TO THE NAVAL ACADEMY [Title 10, U.S.C., Section 6968(a)] Paul Sarbanes, of Maryland Wayne T. Gilchrest, of Maryland Barbara Mikulski, of Maryland Joe Skeen, of New Mexico John McCain, of Arizona BOARD OF VISITORS TO THE COAST GUARD ACADEMY [Title 14 U.S.C., Section 194(a)] Ernest F. Hollings, of South Carolina Rob Simmons, of Connecticut Patty Murray, of Washington Gene Taylor, of Mississippi John McCain, of Arizona Peter G. Fitzgerald, of Illinois BOARD OF VISITORS TO THE MERCHANT MARINE ACADEMY [Title 46 U.S.C., Section 1295(b)] John Edwards, of North Carolina Peter T. King, of New York John Breaux, of Louisiana John McCain, of Arizona Olympia J. Snowe, of Maine 485 486 Congressional Directory BROADCASTING BOARD OF GOVERNORS [Created by Public Law 103–236] 330 Independence Avenue SW, Suite 3360, 20237 phone 401–3736, fax 401–6605 Chairman.—Marc Nathanson. GOVERNORS Tom Korologos Cheryl Halpern Edward Kaufman Colin Powell Robert Mark Ledbetter (ex officio) Norman Pattiz STAFF Executive Director.—Brian Conniff. Legal Counsel.—Carol Booker. -
[ 1 ] Tributes to Hon. Ben Nighthorse Campbell
(Trim Line) (Trim Line) TRIBUTES TO HON. BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBELL [ 1 ] VerDate jan 13 2004 10:42 Mar 26, 2008 Jkt 097204 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6687 C:\DOCS\BYEBYE\BYEBYE05\97205.TXT CRS1 PsN: SKAYNE VerDate jan 13 2004 10:42 Mar 26, 2008 Jkt 097204 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6687 C:\DOCS\BYEBYE\BYEBYE05\97205.TXT CRS1 PsN: SKAYNE (Trim Line) (Trim Line) Ben Nighthorse Campbell U.S. SENATOR FROM COLORADO TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES E PL UR UM IB N U U S VerDate jan 13 2004 10:42 Mar 26, 2008 Jkt 097204 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6687 C:\DOCS\BYEBYE\BYEBYE05\97205.TXT CRS1 PsN: SKAYNE congress.#15 (Trim Line) (Trim Line) Ben Nighthorse Campbell VerDate jan 13 2004 10:42 Mar 26, 2008 Jkt 097204 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6687 C:\DOCS\BYEBYE\BYEBYE05\97205.TXT CRS1 PsN: SKAYNE 97205.001 (Trim Line) (Trim Line) S. DOC. 108–21 Tributes Delivered in Congress Ben Nighthorse Campbell United States Congressman 1987–1993 United States Senator 1993–2005 ÷ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 2005 VerDate jan 13 2004 10:42 Mar 26, 2008 Jkt 097204 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6687 C:\DOCS\BYEBYE\BYEBYE05\97205.TXT CRS1 PsN: SKAYNE (Trim Line) (Trim Line) Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing Trent Lott, Chairman VerDate jan 13 2004 10:42 Mar 26, 2008 Jkt 097204 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6687 Sfmt 6687 C:\DOCS\BYEBYE\BYEBYE05\97205.TXT CRS1 PsN: SKAYNE (Trim Line) (Trim Line) CONTENTS Page Biography ................................................................................................. -
Nj's Lgbt Powerlist
THE 2018 INSIDER OUT 100 NJ’S LGBT POWERLIST WE'VE COME A LONG WAY! Message from the Editor 2018 LGBT POWER Welcome to InsiderNJ’s OUT 100 Power List, a first-of-its kind-tribute to influential LGBTs in New Jersey politics. This list was a reader’s idea. My editor Max Pizarro and my General Manager Pete Oneglia green-lighted the idea so long as I promised to make it amazing. These Power Lists mean a lot to people. Making it amazing seems like the least I could do given this opportunity. P.O. Box 66 Verona, NJ 07044 [email protected] www.InsiderNJ.com WE’VE COME A LONG WAY, HAVEN’T WE? When I acquired HIV as a teenager back in 1992, you’d be hard pressed to name a single politically influential LGBT person anywhere in America, let alone 100 from a single state! Nobody was talking about gay marriage. There were no workplace protections back then, no gays in the military. What Max Pizarro we did have was a hostile government and an equally hostile Catholic Church driving our nation’s Editor-in-Chief AIDS policy. Which might explain why the life-saving AIDS “cocktail” was still years away, something [email protected] I blessedly wouldn’t need until 1998. Many listed below played a huge role taming the AIDS crisis and then delivering a raft of pro-LGBT laws in its wake. This list also includes the next generation of LGBTs already making their mark on the New Jersey political landscape. They’ve snatched the baton in a purposeful manner befitting a generation raised to dream bigger than mine ever could. -
2002 Primary Election Results
ROUTT COUNTY PRIMARY ELECTION - AUGUST 13, 2002 OFFICIAL RESULTS Precinct # E/AB/18 1 2 3 4567 8 910111213141516171920Total UNITED STATES SENATOR Democratic Tom Strickland 25 1 3 3 5 0 1 4 2 23 6 15 5 13 12 12 1 9 4 1 145 Republican Wayne Allard 89 5 10 5 9 5 7 3 16 43 4 13 17 11 6 15 7 8 8 3 284 REPRESENTATIVE TO THE 108TH UNITED STATES CONGRESS DIST. 3 Democratic Denis Berckefeldt 20 0 2 3 5 0 1 4 0 18 6 13 2 11 13 11 0 7 3 1 120 Republican Scott McGinnis 92 7 10 5 9 7 7 3 16 40 5 17 17 13 6 15 7 8 9 3 296 GOVERNOR Democratic Rollie Heath 23 1 1 3 5 0 1 4 2 18 5 15 4 10 12 12 1 7 4 1 129 Republican Bill Owens 90 7 10 4 9 6 7 3 14 42 5 16 16 11 6 14 7 8 8 2 285 SECRETARY OF STATE Democratic Anthony Martinez 21 0 1 3 5 0 1 4 0 18 6 13 3 10 13 11 1 7 3 1 121 Republican Donetta Davidson 84 7 9 5 8 5 7 3 13 39 4 18 16 12 6 15 7 8 8 3 277 Precinct # E/AB/18 1 2 3 4567 8 910111213141516171920Total STATE TREASURER Democratic Terry L. Phillips 22 0 1 3 5 0 1 4 1 19 5 14 4 10 13 11 1 7 3 1 125 Republican Mike Coffman 78 6 9 4 8 6 7 3 12 37 4 16 16 11 6 15 7 8 8 3 264 ATTORNEY GENERAL Democratic Ken Salazar 27 0 3 3 5 0 1 4 4 21 5 15 5 12 13 12 1 10 4 1 146 Republican Marti Allbright 83 6 9 5 8 6 7 3 13 38 3 14 16 12 6 15 7 8 8 3 270 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT 3 Democratic Christine Pacheco-Koveleski 20 0 2 3 5 0 1 4 0 17 5 14 2 11 12 12 1 8 4 1 122 Republican Pamela Suckla 78 6 9 4 7 5 7 2 12 35 3 15 16 11 6 15 7 6 8 3 255 STATE REPRESENTATIVE DISTRICT 57 Democratic Terry D. -
Senate Trials and Factional Disputes: Impeachment As a Madisonian Device
TURLEY TO PRINTER 11/30/99 3:15 PM Duke Law Journal VOLUME 49 OCTOBER 1999 NUMBER 1 SENATE TRIALS AND FACTIONAL DISPUTES: IMPEACHMENT AS A MADISONIAN DEVICE JONATHAN TURLEY† ABSTRACT In this Article, Professor Turley addresses the use of impeachment, specifically the Senate trial, as a method of resolving factional disputes about an impeached official’s legitimacy to remain in office. While the Madisonian democracy was designed to regulate factional pressures, academics and legislators often discuss impeachments as relatively static events focused solely on removal. Alternatively, impeachment is sometimes viewed as an extreme countermajoritarian measure used to “reverse” or “nullify” the popular election of a President. This Article advances a more dynamic view of the Senate trial as a Madisonian device to resolve factional disputes. This Article first discusses the history of impeachment and demon- strates that it is largely a history of factional or partisan disputes over legitimacy. The Article then explores how impeachment was used historically as a check on the authority of the Crown and tended to be used most heavily during periods of political instability. English and colonial impeachments proved to be highly destabilizing in the ab- sence of an integrated political system. The postcolonial impeachment process was modified to convert it from a tool of factional dissension to a vehicle of factional resolution. This use of Senate trials as a Madisonian device allows for the public consideration of the full rec- † J.B. and Maurice C. Shapiro Professor of Public Interest Law at George Washington University. For Benjamin John Turley, who was born during the research and writing of this Article. -
The Harmony of Illusions the Harmony of Illusions
THE HARMONY OF ILLUSIONS THE HARMONY OF ILLUSIONS I NVENTING POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER Allan Young PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY Copyright 1995 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, Chichester, West Sussex All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Young, Allan, 1938– The harmony of illusions : inventing post-traumatic stress disorder / Allan Young. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-691-03352-8 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Post-traumatic stress disorder—Philosophy. 2. Social epistemology. I. Title. RC552.P67Y68 1995 616.85′21—dc20 95-16254 This book has been composed in Times Roman Princeton University Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources Printed in the United States of America by Princeton Academic Press 10987654321 For Roberta Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 3 PART I: THE ORIGINS OF TRAUMATIC MEMORY One Making Traumatic Memory 13 Two World War I 43 PART II: THE TRANSFORMATION OF TRAUMATIC MEMORY Three The DSM-III Revolution 89 Four The Architecture of Traumatic Time 118 PART III: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN PRACTICE Five The Technology of Diagnosis 145 Six Everyday Life in a Psychiatric Unit 176 Seven Talking about PTSD 224 Eight The Biology of Traumatic Memory 264 Conclusion 287 Notes 291 Works Cited 299 Index 321 Acknowledgments I OWE a debt to colleagues and friends in the Department of Social Studies of Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry at McGill University: I thank Don Bates, Alberto Cambrosio, Margaret Lock, Faith Wallis, George Weisz, and Laurence Kirmayer for their invaluable advice.