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2019 Rule Change Proposal 15

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2019 Rule Change Proposal 15 2019 Rule Change Proposal 15 Purpose of Proposal: To add Sidalcea campestris, meadow checkermallow or meadow checkerbloom to Volume 1, Table 2A and to Volume 3 of the AOSA Rules. Present Rule: None Proposed Rule: Volume 1. Principles and Procedures Table 2A. Weights for working samples. Minimum Minimum weight for Approximate Approximate Pure weight for noxious- number of number of Seed Chaffy purity weed seed or seeds per seeds per Kind of seed Unit Seed a analysisb bulk gramc ounced # examination Grams Grams Number Number Sidalcea campestris, Greene 30 C meadow checkermallow; meadow 16 160 160 4,547 checkerbloom Volume 3. Uniform Classification of Weed and Crop Seeds CONTAMINATING Nomen spp Scientific name Common name Family CLASSIFICATION # class A F H R S T V meadow checkermallow; 457488 Sidalcea campestris Greene Malvaceae R W W W C W W W meadow checkerbloom Harmonization and Impact Statement: Sidalcea campestris is not in the Federal Seed Act Regulations, the Canadian M & P, or the ISTA Rules. This is a commercially marketed species; therefore, adding working weights and a pure seed unit definition to the AOSA Rules will standardize seed testing procedures among laboratories. This species is not listed in Volume 3 Uniform Classification of Weed and Crop. Supporting Evidence: Sidalcea campestris, meadow checkermallow, is an herbaceous perennial. Flowering occurs from June to August. The fruit is a circular schizocarp consisting of 7 to 9 beaked segments, each containing one seed. The fruit segments break apart at maturity. The standard seed unit consists of a one-seeded fruit segment and is best assigned to PSU 30. The species is native to the Willamette Valley of Oregon and was introduced in the Seattle Washington area. It is found in both wet and dry prairies. The plants serve as a host for Gray Hairstreak and nectar source for Fenders Blue, Taylor's Checkerspot, and Checkered Skipper butterflies. Seed counts were conducted at the Agri Seed Testing Lab on ten seed lots received since 2008. The seed count method was in accordance to AOSA Rules, Section 13: Non-mechanical Seed Count and Working Weight Determinations (Figure 1). Refer to Appendix 1 of this proposal for replicate data. Purity Working Weights for Sidalcea campestris 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 PurityWeight (g) 12 11 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Lot Number Figure 1. Purity working weights of ten commercial seed lots of Sidalcea campestris, meadow checkermallow, based on non-mechanical seed counts. The red line indicates the average purity working sample weight across all ten seed lots is 15.72 grams. Results of statistical analysis are shown in Tables 1. Methodology for the analysis: 1. Each set of data per seed lot (usually 8 replications) was checked for normality of distribution (Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, p 0.05; ranks not averaged for tied values). 2. For non-normally distributed data sets of a single seed lot, an outlier test was used to identify a single outlier (Grubbs’ test, p 0.05). 3. Data was rechecked after removing a single outlier. Revised data sets (after removing the outlier) were used in the final determination of average weight of 100 seeds. If removing a single outlier still resulted in non-normally distributed data, the data set for that seed lot was considered unreliable and results excluded from further data analysis. 4. Means of each lot were then used to calculate the overall mean weight of 100 seeds for that species and a 95% confidence interval for the mean. 5. The same means were also checked for normality of distribution and presence of outliers. However, no attempt was made to discard outliers at this stage. If the outlier replicate average can be ascribed to errors in data collection, then the data should be discarded. However, if the outlier is due to natural variation (e.g., genetic, varietal or cultural differences), discarding the data is not recommended. This is a judgment call unrelated to statistical analysis results. Table 1. Species mean seed weight and confidence intervals of data checked for normality of distribution and presence of outliers. Results of Results Single No. revised lots Mean wt. normally outlier Standard Species of normally of 100 CI (95%) for mean distributed removed error lots1 distributed seeds (Y/N) 2 (Y/N) 3 (Y/N) 4 Sidalcea campestris 10 Y Y; Lot 8 Y 0.629 0.019 0.585-0.673 1Original number of tested lots. 2 Shapiro-Wilk test for normality (p 0.05). Normality test separately applied to replication data of each seed lot. 3 If data set (replications) for a seed lot is not normally distributed, one outlier (replication) is removed. Presence of outliers verified using Grubbs’ test (p 0.05). 4 Each seed lot was tested for normality after outlier was removed. If data set of a seed lot was still not normally distributed after removing outlier, that seed lot was excluded from analysis. References: Sources for general plant information provided above and additional information on this species can be found in the following reference and websites: Young-Mathews, A. 2012. Plant fact sheet for meadow checkerbloom (Sidalcea campestris). USDA- Natural Resources Conservation Service, Plant Materials Center, Corvallis, OR. https://plants.usda.gov/factsheet/pdf/fs_sica2.pdf https://www.sevenoaksnativenursery.com/native-plants/perennials-and-bulbs/sidalcea-campestris/ http://www.heritageseedlings.com/page_703_53/sidalcea-campestris https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=SICA2 Submitted by: Sharon Davidson, RST, Agri Seed Testing, Inc., 1930 Davcor ST SE, Salem, OR 97302 [email protected]; Deborah Meyer, Purity Subcommittee AOSA Co-chair, [email protected]; and Gil Waibel, Purity Subcommittee SCST Co-chair, [email protected] The authors would like to thank Dr. Riad Baalbaki for performing the statistical analysis. Date Submitted: October 15, 2018 Appendix 1 – Seed counts for Sidalcea campestris, meadow checkermallow. Replication Lot 1 Lot 2 Lot 3 Lot 4 Lot 5 Lot 6 Lot 7 Lot 8 Lot 9 Lot 10 1 0.5500 0.5200 0.6500 0.7400 0.6700 0.7100 0.6900 0.6500 0.5700 0.6000 2 0.5400 0.5600 0.6700 0.7200 0.6700 0.6500 0.6800 0.6600 0.5500 0.6100 3 0.5400 0.5200 0.6500 0.7200 0.6500 0.6800 0.6400 0.6500 0.5700 0.5900 4 0.5400 0.5600 0.6500 0.7400 0.6600 0.6800 0.6600 0.6400 0.5900 0.6000 5 0.5500 0.5600 0.6800 0.7300 0.6400 0.7200 0.6300 0.72* 0.6000 0.5600 6 0.5400 0.5500 0.6500 0.7100 0.6600 0.6800 0.6400 0.6500 0.5600 0.6100 7 0.5600 0.5300 0.6200 0.7100 0.6500 0.6700 0.6700 0.6400 0.5800 0.5700 8 0.5500 0.5400 0.6600 0.7200 0.6700 0.6800 0.6800 0.6600 0.5900 0.6000 Mean 1-8 0.54625 0.5425 0.65375 0.72375 0.65875 0.68375 0.66125 0.65 0.57625 0.5925 purity wt. 13.65625 13.5625 16.34375 18.09375 16.46875 17.09375 16.53125 16.25 14.40625 14.8125 nox wt. 136.5625 135.625 163.4375 180.9375 164.6875 170.9375 165.3125 162.5 144.0625 148.125 wt./seed 0.005463 0.005425 0.006538 0.007238 0.006588 0.006838 0.006613 0.0065 0.005763 0.005925 seeds/g 183 184 153 138 152 146 151 154 174 169 seeds/oz 5188 5216 4338 3912 4309 4139 4281 4366 4933 4791 seeds/lb 83009 83462 69401 62597 68947 66226 68494 69854 78926 76658 Mean weight of 100 seeds = 0.6289 grams Mean purity working weight across all seed lots = 15.72 grams Mean noxious working weight across all seed lots = 157.2 grams Mean weight per seed across all seed lots = 0.006289 gram Mean number of seeds per gram across all seed lots = 160 Mean number of seeds per ounce across all seed lots = 4,547 Mean number of seeds per pound across all seed lots = 72,757 .
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