DOCSLIB.ORG

SELF-AWARE SELF-ASSEMBLY for SPACE ARCHITECTURE: Growth Paradigms for In-Space Manufacturing

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SELF-AWARE SELF-ASSEMBLY for SPACE ARCHITECTURE: Growth Paradigms for In-Space Manufacturing SELF-AWARE SELF-ASSEMBLY for SPACE ARCHITECTURE: Growth Paradigms for In-Space Manufacturing by Ariel Ekblaw B.S., Yale University (2014) M.S., Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2017) Submitted to the Program in Media Arts and Sciences, School of Architecture and Planning, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY September 2020 © Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. All rights reserved Author ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Ariel Ekblaw Program in Media Arts and Sciences August 17, 2020 Certified by ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Joseph Paradiso Alexander W. Dreyfoos (1954) Professor of Media Arts and Sciences Thesis Supervisor Accepted by ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Tod Machover Academic Head, Program in Media Arts and Sciences SELF-AWARE SELF-ASSEMBLY for SPACE ARCHITECTURE: Growth Paradigms for In-Space Manufacturing by Ariel Ekblaw Submitted to the Program in Media Arts and Sciences, School of Architecture and Planning, on August 17th, 2020 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Abstract Humanity stands on the cusp of interplanetary civilization. As we prepare to venture into deep space, we face what appears to be an irreconcilable conundrum: at once a majestic domain for human exploration, while also a domain of unrelenting challenges, posing dangers that are fundamentally at odds with our evolved biology. The field of space architecture struggles with not only these environmental challenges, but also constrained physical dimensions (e.g., rocket payload fairings), risky astronaut space-walks and limited robotic mobility for assembly, and capricious budgets as political whims change. How might we incorporate the robustness principles and incremental additions of indeterminate-growth living systems into the habitats that will sustain us over time? We begin by exploring how to enable dynamic, self-assembling space structures that are informed by both inorganic and organic growth processes from complex Earth systems. How can we design, induce, and scale self-aware self-assembly to grow space architecture, natively, in orbit? We answer this call, for space architecture that builds itself, through transformative self-aware self-assembly— adaptive, responsive “living structures” that follow principles of tessellation and self-similarity to scale elegantly from common base units to modular space stations to future mega-structures. In an orbiting context, freed from the constraints of Earth’s gravity, we can redefine how space architecture is conceived, designed, assembled, and lived within. These principles are applied across all four areas of thesis contributions: a novel design theory for space architecture realized in a portfolio of space structure concepts; systems engineering mission architecture and feasibility analyses for contextualizing proposed space structures in realistic aerospace deployments; physics simulation modeling for habitat-scale self-assembly dynamics in microgravity; and quasi-stochastic self- assembling tile hardware creation and evaluation across four space environment missions, culminating in a successful 30-day International Space Station experiment in March 2020. The thesis contributions center on the TESSERAE (Tessellated Electromagnetic Space Structures for the Exploration of Reconfigurable, Adaptive Environments) platform. Thesis Supervisor: Joseph Paradiso Title: Alexander W. Dreyfoos (1954) Professor of Media Arts and Sciences, MIT Media Lab SELF-AWARE SELF-ASSEMBLY for SPACE ARCHITECTURE: Growth Paradigms for In-Space Manufacturing by Ariel Ekblaw This thesis has been reviewed and approved by the following committee members: Thesis Supervisor ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Joe Paradiso Alexander W. Dreyfoos (1954) Professor of Media Arts and Sciences MIT Media Lab Thesis Reader ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Dava Newman Apollo Program Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics MIT AeroAstro Thesis Reader ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Neri Oxman Associate Professor of Media Arts and Sciences MIT Media Lab Thesis Reader ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Danny Hillis Visiting Professor of Media Arts and Sciences MIT Media Lab Acknowledgements This PhD is the outgrowth of many a romantic notion about space exploration—from the intrinsic beauty found in the search for new knowledge of our cosmos, to the grand adventures, quests, and missions awaiting humanity as we venture into the far reaches of our solar system and eventually our galaxy. I am profoundly fortunate to have been guided, encouraged, and supported in this work by many an exceptional human. This is the least exhaustive section of the thesis, as I have so many more to thank, and so much to be thankful for. To my Committee— To Joe, I owe so much. You have my deepest gratitude for shaping my formative years as a researcher and builder, for providing insightful mentorship across a range of technical areas, and for so enthusiastically sharing your love of science fiction. You gave me freedom—freedom to combine the technical rigor of the Responsive Environments group approach with far-future design creativity. This propelled my explorations as I took the PhD into uncharted territory for our future lives in space. We shared a way of thinking from the world of Particle Physics in past lives and yet you also introduced me to a new mode of scientific and engineering inquiry through the promise of ubiquitous sensing and iterative prototyping. It has been my distinct pleasure to build a “responsive space environment” in your honor. On top of all of this, you supported me unwaveringly in my parallel endeavor at the Lab, as I founded and led the growing MIT Space Exploration Initiative. I am so grateful for your open-mindedness and belief in me as I pursued an unorthodox path through graduate school. Dava, you inspire me. I have learned so much from how you approach human spaceflight and how you lead innovative research—across academia, government, and industry—to realize our space exploration future. You helped me take this thesis from a set of unusual, provocative ideas to an aerospace platform with a roadmap of flight tests that have and will continue to prepare the work for deployment at scale, in orbit. Thank you for your research insight and your encouragement. I am so grateful for your mentorship. Neri, you open my eyes. From teaching the course that provoked my first inklings of the thesis research, to every one of our research conversations, you show me a way of thinking about the world that fascinates and intrigues me. I aspire to develop a taste in thinking worthy of your use of the term, guiding the next decade of my work in space architecture. Thank you for always pushing me to explore a realm of creativity, design rigor, and expansive vision—you have so enriched my work. Danny, you motivate me—to follow in your footsteps and build systems at scale that can last for centuries. I am grateful for the depth of your technical advising for this thesis, the wisdom you bring from so many different disciplines, and the infectious, mischievous mindset that working with you inevitably cultivates for solving problems and applying technological paradigms. To my mentors and research collaborators— First and foremost, thank you, Joi Ito, for introducing me to the magic of the Media Lab. You gave me space to grow, to build an ecosystem of space exploration endeavors in a new pocket of MIT. This powered the PhD and set me on an entirely new trajectory. Thank you for this transformative opportunity and for your friendship. Thank you, Maria Zuber, for championing both the Space Exploration Initiative and my PhD, guiding me throughout the last four years. Radhika Nagpal, while a trick of fate led me to a different lab as an undergraduate REU, I am so lucky to have found my way back to you! I have so greatly enjoyed every minute of our conversations and am grateful for your expertise and mentorship. To Neil Gershenfeld and the entire CBA, thank you for the How to Make Almost Anything course where the first TESSERAE prototype was born and for the intellectual heritage behind programmable matter (with a special thanks to Zach Fredin for the EPM winding tutorial!). Thank you, Neil, for introducing me to Ara Knaian. Ara, thank you for your incredible 4 generosity in teaching me the finer points of COMSOL and for the particularly fruitful collaboration around the ISS flight. Thank you, Aswin Karthik Ramachandran Venkatapathy, for your dedication to our electronics collaboration over several years and for so many fantastic conversations. Please extend my thanks to the TU Dortmund Fraunhofer institute for sharing your time and their research resources with us. My thanks also go out to the Cyberbotics team and their superb software and engineers, particularly David Mansolino, with whom I had the pleasure of working closely for the TESSERAE physics simulation. Thank you to visiting student Anastasia Prosina for a summer rich in architectural exploration and for your contributions to the TESSERAE interior design. Thank you, MIT UROPs Elisheva Shuter and Peter Williams, for your early prototyping efforts. Thank you Vince Tolentino, Edward Oo, and Marlena Fauer, for enlightening conversations on the broader cultural, art, and architectural influences that humanity would yearn for in space architecture. To my colleagues and friends at the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Low-Energy Lunar Trajectory Design
    LOW-ENERGY LUNAR TRAJECTORY DESIGN Jeffrey S. Parker and Rodney L. Anderson Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, California July 2013 ii DEEP SPACE COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION SERIES Issued by the Deep Space Communications and Navigation Systems Center of Excellence Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Joseph H. Yuen, Editor-in-Chief Published Titles in this Series Radiometric Tracking Techniques for Deep-Space Navigation Catherine L. Thornton and James S. Border Formulation for Observed and Computed Values of Deep Space Network Data Types for Navigation Theodore D. Moyer Bandwidth-Efficient Digital Modulation with Application to Deep-Space Communication Marvin K. Simon Large Antennas of the Deep Space Network William A. Imbriale Antenna Arraying Techniques in the Deep Space Network David H. Rogstad, Alexander Mileant, and Timothy T. Pham Radio Occultations Using Earth Satellites: A Wave Theory Treatment William G. Melbourne Deep Space Optical Communications Hamid Hemmati, Editor Spaceborne Antennas for Planetary Exploration William A. Imbriale, Editor Autonomous Software-Defined Radio Receivers for Deep Space Applications Jon Hamkins and Marvin K. Simon, Editors Low-Noise Systems in the Deep Space Network Macgregor S. Reid, Editor Coupled-Oscillator Based Active-Array Antennas Ronald J. Pogorzelski and Apostolos Georgiadis Low-Energy Lunar Trajectory Design Jeffrey S. Parker and Rodney L. Anderson LOW-ENERGY LUNAR TRAJECTORY DESIGN Jeffrey S. Parker and Rodney L. Anderson Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, California July 2013 iv Low-Energy Lunar Trajectory Design July 2013 Jeffrey Parker: I dedicate the majority of this book to my wife Jen, my best friend and greatest support throughout the development of this book and always.
    [Show full text]
  • Back to the the Future? 07> Probing the Kuiper Belt
    SpaceFlight A British Interplanetary Society publication Volume 62 No.7 July 2020 £5.25 SPACE PLANES: back to the the future? 07> Probing the Kuiper Belt 634089 The man behind the ISS 770038 Remembering Dr Fred Singer 9 CONTENTS Features 16 Multiple stations pledge We look at a critical assessment of the way science is conducted at the International Space Station and finds it wanting. 18 The man behind the ISS 16 The Editor reflects on the life of recently Letter from the Editor deceased Jim Beggs, the NASA Administrator for whom the building of the ISS was his We are particularly pleased this supreme achievement. month to have two features which cover the spectrum of 22 Why don’t we just wing it? astronautical activities. Nick Spall Nick Spall FBIS examines the balance between gives us his critical assessment of winged lifting vehicles and semi-ballistic both winged and blunt-body re-entry vehicles for human space capsules, arguing that the former have been flight and Alan Stern reports on his grossly overlooked. research at the very edge of the 26 Parallels with Apollo 18 connected solar system – the Kuiper Belt. David Baker looks beyond the initial return to the We think of the internet and Moon by astronauts and examines the plan for a how it helps us communicate and sustained presence on the lunar surface. stay in touch, especially in these times of difficulty. But the fact that 28 Probing further in the Kuiper Belt in less than a lifetime we have Alan Stern provides another update on the gone from a tiny bleeping ball in pioneering work of New Horizons.
    [Show full text]
  • The Era of Carbon Allotropes Andreas Hirsch
    commentary The era of carbon allotropes Andreas Hirsch Twenty-five years on from the discovery of 60C , the outstanding properties and potential applications of the synthetic carbon allotropes — fullerenes, nanotubes and graphene — overwhelmingly illustrate their unique scientific and technological importance. arbon is the element in the periodic consist of extended networks of sp3- and 1985, with the advent of fullerenes (Fig. 1), table that provides the basis for life sp2 -hybridized carbon atoms, respectively. which were observed for the first time by Con Earth. It is also important for Both forms show unique physical properties Kroto et al.3. This serendipitous discovery many technological applications, ranging such as hardness, thermal conductivity, marked the beginning of an era of synthetic from drugs to synthetic materials. This lubrication behaviour or electrical carbon allotropes. Now, as we celebrate role is a consequence of carbon’s ability conductivity. Conceptually, many other buckminsterfullerene’s 25th birthday, it is to bind to itself and to nearly all elements ways to construct carbon allotropes are also the time to reflect on a growing family in almost limitless variety. The resulting possible by altering the periodic binding of synthetic carbon allotropes, which structural diversity of organic compounds motif in networks consisting of sp3-, sp2- includes the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and molecules is accompanied by a broad and sp-hybridized carbon atoms1,2. As a in 19914 and the rediscovery of graphene range of
    [Show full text]
  • Project Selene: AIAA Lunar Base Camp
    Project Selene: AIAA Lunar Base Camp AIAA Space Mission System 2019-2020 Virginia Tech Aerospace Engineering Faculty Advisor : Dr. Kevin Shinpaugh Team Members : Olivia Arthur, Bobby Aselford, Michel Becker, Patrick Crandall, Heidi Engebreth, Maedini Jayaprakash, Logan Lark, Nico Ortiz, Matthew Pieczynski, Brendan Ventura Member AIAA Number Member AIAA Number And Signature And Signature Faculty Advisor 25807 Dr. Kevin Shinpaugh Brendan Ventura 1109196 Matthew Pieczynski 936900 Team Lead/Operations Logan Lark 902106 Heidi Engebreth 1109232 Structures & Environment Patrick Crandall 1109193 Olivia Arthur 999589 Power & Thermal Maedini Jayaprakash 1085663 Robert Aselford 1109195 CCDH/Operations Michel Becker 1109194 Nico Ortiz 1109533 Attitude, Trajectory, Orbits and Launch Vehicles Contents 1 Symbols and Acronyms 8 2 Executive Summary 9 3 Preface and Introduction 13 3.1 Project Management . 13 3.2 Problem Definition . 14 3.2.1 Background and Motivation . 14 3.2.2 RFP and Description . 14 3.2.3 Project Scope . 15 3.2.4 Disciplines . 15 3.2.5 Societal Sectors . 15 3.2.6 Assumptions . 16 3.2.7 Relevant Capital and Resources . 16 4 Value System Design 17 4.1 Introduction . 17 4.2 Analytical Hierarchical Process . 17 4.2.1 Longevity . 18 4.2.2 Expandability . 19 4.2.3 Scientific Return . 19 4.2.4 Risk . 20 4.2.5 Cost . 21 5 Initial Concept of Operations 21 5.1 Orbital Analysis . 22 5.2 Launch Vehicles . 22 6 Habitat Location 25 6.1 Introduction . 25 6.2 Region Selection . 25 6.3 Locations of Interest . 26 6.4 Eliminated Locations . 26 6.5 Remaining Locations . 27 6.6 Chosen Location .
    [Show full text]
  • Review and Herald for 1960
    October 20, 1960 GENERAL CHURCH PAPER OF THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS G0 0 ot By R. A. Wilcox, President, Middle East Division BOUT a year ago our 100-bed his guard who were wounded and in Several new church buildings are A Dar Es Salaam Hospital in Bagh- the hospital. This opened the door to being planned. At the moment in the dad was taken over by the Iraqi many new experiences. very heart of Baghdad a fine new Government. The entire staff, with For many years in Iraq the Seventh- church seating 600 is nearing comple- one exception, was moved to various day Adventist Church was not rec- tion. There will be ample space to places in the Middle East. This ex- ognized by the Government. Church house the new mission headquarters. ception was a national nurse by the services and schools were permitted The final touches to this building are name of Sohila Khalil Nabood. She but we were not recognized as a de- already completed and the day of remained when the others left. nomination. Now, however, we are dedication is drawing nigh. This It must have been a difficult ex- pleased to report that the Government event will mark the opening of a pub- perience for Sohila to watch the Ad- has granted full and unrestricted de- lic series of evangelistic meetings. ventist doctors move out through the nominational recognition. The church There is a growing interest in the gates and away from the institution, is at liberty to carry on its general pro- Advent truth in Iraq.
    [Show full text]
  • Tailored Force Fields for Space-Based Construction: Key to a Space-Based Economy Phase 1 Final Report
    Tailored Force Fields for Space-Based Construction: Key to a Space-Based Economy Phase 1 Final Report NIAC-CP-01-02, USRA Subcontract 07600-091 Narayanan Komerath Sam Wanis, Balakrishnan Ganesh, Joseph Czechowski, Waqar Zaidi, Joshua Hardy, Priya Gopalakrishnan School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0150 [email protected] November 2002 Contents 1. Abstract Page 3 2.Introduction to Tailored Force Fields 4 Forces in steady and unsteady potential fields Time line / Application Roadmap 3.Theory connecting acoustic, optical, microwave and radio regimes. 7 4. Task Report: Acoustic Shaping 12 Prior results Inverse-design Shape Generation Software 5. Task Report: Intermediate Term: Architecture for Radiation Shield Project Near Earth 16 Shield-Building Architecture. Launcher and boxcar considerations Deployment of the Outer Grid of the Radiation Shield “Shepherd” Rendezvous-Guidance-Delivery Vehicles. 6. Task Report: Exploration of cost and architecture models for a Space-Based 24 Economy 7. Task Report: Exploration of large-scale construction using Asteroids and Radio 34 Waves Parameter space and design point Power and material requirements Technology status 8. Opportunities& Outreach related to this project 45 SEM Expt. Preparation GAS Expt. Preparation Papers, presentations, discussions Media coverage & public interest “NASA Means Business” program synergy 9. Summary of Issues Identified 49 Metal production and hydrogen recycling Resonator / waveguide technology Cost linkage to comprehensive plan Microwave demonstrator experiment 10. Conclusions 51 11. Acknowledgements 53 12. References 54 2 1. Abstract Before humans can venture to live for extended periods in Space, the problem of building radiation shields must be solved. All current concepts for permanent radiation shields involve very large mass, and expensive and hazardous construction methods.
    [Show full text]
  • Carbon Allotropes
    LABORATORIES Lab- Carbon Allotropes Background: Carbon occurs in several different forms known as allotropes. These allotropes are characterized by differences in bonding patterns which result in substances with distinctly different properties. The three allotropes that will be studied in this lab are: graphite, diamond and fullerene. Diamonds are a colorless, crystalline solid where each carbon atom is bonded to four others in a network pattern. This bonding structure makes diamond the hardest material known. Graphite is a soft , black crystalline solid of carbon where the carbon atoms are bonded together in layers. Within each layer, each carbon atom is bonded to 3 other carbon atoms. Because the adjacent layers are held together by weak London dispersion forces graphite is very soft. The most recently discovered allotrope of carbon is the fullerene. Fullerenes are a cage like spherical structure of bonded carbon atoms. The fullerene bonding pattern resembles a soccer ball. Fullerene particles are also referred to as nanoparticles and are being explored for a variety of applications. Objective: Students will be able to: 1. Describe how elements can exist as 2 or more different structures. 2. Distinguish between different allotropes based on structural analysis and properties. 3. Analyze how the bonding structure could influence the properties. 4. Distinguish between crystalline and amorphous structures. 5. Compare and contrast the 3 different carbon allotropes. Materials: Molecular model kits digital camera Procedure: 1. Students at each lab table will work as a group using 3 model sets. 2. Build two sheets of graphite using 15 carbon atoms for each sheet 3. Take a digital picture of the model created and include it in your report 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Master Thesis
    Master’s Thesis 2018 30 ECTS Department of International Environment and Development Studies Katharina Glaab Dividing Heaven: Investigating the Influence of the U.S. Ban on Cooperation with China on the Development of Global Outer Space Governance Robert Ronci International Relations LANDSAM The Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Noragric, is the international gateway for the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU). Established in 1986, Noragric’s contribution to international development lies in the interface between research, education (Bachelor, Master and PhD programmes) and assignments. The Noragric Master’s theses are the final theses submitted by students in order to fulfil the requirements under the Noragric Master’s programmes ‘International Environmental Studies’, ‘International Development Studies’ and ‘International Relations’. The findings in this thesis do not necessarily reflect the views of Noragric. Extracts from this publication may only be reproduced after prior consultation with the author and on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation contact Noragric. © Robert Ronci, May 2018 [email protected] Noragric Department of International Environment and Development Studies The Faculty of Landscape and Society P.O. Box 5003 N-1432 Ås Norway Tel.: +47 67 23 00 00 Internet: https://www.nmbu.no/fakultet/landsam/institutt/noragric i ii Declaration I, Robert Jay Ronci, declare that this thesis is a result of my research investigations and findings. Sources of information other than my own have been acknowledged and a reference list has been appended. This work has not been previously submitted to any other university for award of any type of academic degree.
    [Show full text]
  • California State University, Northridge Low Earth Orbit
    CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE LOW EARTH ORBIT BUSINESS CENTER A Project submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering by Dallas Gene Bienhoff May 1985 The Proj'ectof Dallas Gene Bienhoff is approved: Dr. B. J. Bluth Professor T1mothy Wm. Fox - Chair California State University, Northridge ii iii ACKNOWLEDGEHENTS I wish to express my gratitude to those who have helped me over the years to complete this thesis by providing encouragement, prodding and understanding: my advisor, Tim Fox, Chair of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering; Dr. B. J. Bluth for her excellent comments on human factors; Dr. B. J. Campbell for improving the clarity; Richard Swaim, design engineer at Rocketdyne Division of Rockwell International for providing excellent engineering drawings of LEOBC; Mike Morrow, of the Advanced Engineering Department at Rockwell International who provided the Low Earth Orbit Business Center panel figures; Bob Bovill, a commercial artist, who did all the artistic drawings because of his interest in space commercialization; Linda Martin for her word processing skills; my wife, Yolanda, for egging me on without nagging; and finally Erik and Danielle for putting up with the excuse, "I have to v10rk on my paper," for too many years. iv 0 ' PREFACE The Low Earth Orbit Business Center (LEOBC) was initially conceived as a modular structure to be launched aboard the Space Shuttle, it evolved to its present configuration as a result of research, discussions and the desire to increase the efficiency of space utilization. Although the idea of placing space stations into Earth orbit is not new, as is discussed in the first chapter, and the configuration offers nothing new, LEOBC is unique in its application.
    [Show full text]
  • Habitation Module 26 July 2016 – NASA Advisory Council, Human Exploration and Operations Committee
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration Habitation Module 26 July 2016 – NASA Advisory Council, Human Exploration and Operations Committee Jason Crusan | Advanced Exploration Systems Director | NASA Headquarters 2 Human Exploration of Mars Is Hard Common Capability Needs Identified from Multiple Studies Days Reliable In-Space 800-1,100 44 min Transportation Total me crew is Maximum two- away from Earth – way communicaon for orbit missions all in 2me delay – 300 KW Micro-g and Radia2on Autonomous Opera2ons Total connuous transportaon power 130 t Heavy-LiA Mass 20-30 t Long Surface Stay Multiple Ability to 500 Days Launches per land large mission payloads Surface Operations Dust Toxicity and 100 km 11.2 km/s Long Range Explora2on Earth Entry Speed 20 t Oxygen produced for ascent to orbit - ISRU 3 The Habitation Development Challenge HABITATATION CAPABILITY Days 800-1,100 Habitation Systems – Total me crew is AES/ISS/STMD away from Earth – • Environmental Control & Life Support for orbit missions all in • Autonomous Systems Micro-g and Radia2on Integrated • EVA testing on ISS • Fire Safety • Radiation Protection Habitation Systems - Crew Health – HRP Long Surface Stay • Human Research 500 Days • Human Performance • Exercise PROVING GROUND Validation in cislunar space • Nutrition Habitation Capability– NextSTEP BAA / Int. Partners • Studies and ground prototypes of pressurized volumes 4 Specific Habitation Systems Objectives TODAY FUTURE Habitation The systems, tools, and protec:ons that allow Systems Elements humans to live and work
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Socio-Technical Issues Affecting the Current Microgravity Research Marketplace
    Understanding Socio-Technical Issues Affecting the Current Microgravity Research Marketplace The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Joseph, Christine and Danielle Wood. "Understanding Socio- Technical Issues Affecting the Current Microgravity Research Marketplace." 2019 IEEE Aerospace Conference, March 2019, Big Sky, Montana, USA, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, June 2019. © 2019 IEEE As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aero.2019.8742202 Publisher Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Version Author's final manuscript Citable link https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/131219 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Understanding Socio-Technical Issues Affecting the Current Microgravity Research Marketplace Christine Joseph Danielle Wood Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge, MA 02139 Cambridge, MA 02139 [email protected] [email protected] Abstract— For decades, the International Space Station (ISS) 1. INTRODUCTION has operated as a bastion of international cooperation and a unique testbed for microgravity research. Beyond enabling For anyone who is a teenager in October 2019, the insights into human physiology in space, the ISS has served as a International Space Station has been in operation and hosted microgravity platform for numerous science experiments. In humans for the entirety of that person’s life. The platform has recent years, private industry has also been affiliating with hosted a diverse spectrum of microgravity, human space NASA and international partners to offer transportation, exploration, technology demonstration, and education related logistics management, and payload demands.
    [Show full text]
  • Internationale Raumstation ISS International Space Station ISS
    Internationale Raumstation ISS International Space Station ISS www.DLR.de Europäisches Labormodul COLUMBUS European laboratory module COLUMBUS US-Labormodul DESTINY japanisches Labormodul KIBO US laboratory module DESTINY Japanese laboratory module KIBO Russisches Cargo-Modul SaRja (Functional Cargo Block) Russian cargo module ZARYA 20. November 1998: (Functional Cargo Block) 24. Februar 2011: Start des ersten ISS-Moduls: Start des permanenten der Functional Cargo Block Logistikmoduls PMM (FGB) Sarja Leonardo November 20, 1998: February 24, 2011: launch of the first ISS module: launch of the logistic the Functional Cargo Block module PMM Leonardo (FGB) Zarya 12. juli 2000: 8. Februar 2010: Start des Service- und Wohn- Start des Aussichtsmoduls moduls Swesda Cupola July 12, 2000: February 8, 2011: launch of the observatory launch of the service and Russisches Service-Modul habitation module Zvezda module Cupola SwESDa Russian service module 10. November 2009: 7. Februar 2001: Europäisches Logistikmodul aTV-2 Start des amerikanischen ZvEZDA Start des russischen Docking- Labormoduls DESTINY (automated Transfer Vehicle) moduls POISK Mini-Research „johannes Kepler“ Module 2 February 7, 2001: 7. Februar 2008: 31. Mai 2008: launch of the American European logistics module ATv-2 November 10, 2009: Start des europäischen Start des zweiten Teils des laboratory module DESTINY (Automated Transfer vehicle) launch of the Russian docking Labormoduls japanischen Labormoduls “Johannes Kepler” module POISK Mini-Research COLUMBUS KIBO Pressurized Module (PM) Module 2 February 7, 2008: May 31, 2008: launch of the European launch of the second part of the research module Japanese laboratory module KIBO COLUMBUS Pressurized Module (PM) ISS ISS © NASA, ESA, DLR Forschung im All für die Menschen auf der Erde Research in Space for Mankind on Earth.
    [Show full text]