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Jag Har Blivit Mycket Lyckligare Sedan Jag Slutade Att Intressera Mig För Kvinnor Och Bytte Till Sexdocka”

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Jag Har Blivit Mycket Lyckligare Sedan Jag Slutade Att Intressera Mig För Kvinnor Och Bytte Till Sexdocka” ”JAG HAR BLIVIT MYCKET LYCKLIGARE SEDAN JAG SLUTADE ATT INTRESSERA MIG FÖR KVINNOR OCH BYTTE TILL SEXDOCKA” EN KVALITATIV STUDIE OM ERFARENHETER HOS PERSONER SOM ANVÄNDER SEXDOCKOR ELIANA ROBATTO Examensarbete i Sexologi 30 hp Malmö Universitet Masterprogramet i Sexologi Hälsa och Samhälle Våren 2021 205 06 Malmö ”JAG HAR BLIVIT MYCKET LYCKLIGARE SEDAN JAG SLUTADE ATT INTRESSERA MIG FÖR KVINNOR OCH BYTTE TILL SEXDOCKA” EN KVALITATIV STUDIE OM ERFARENHETER HOS PERSONER SOM ANVÄNDER SEXDOCKOR ELIANA ROBATTO Robatto, E. Examensarbete i sexologi 30 högskolepoäng. Malmö universitet: Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle, Institutionen för socialt arbete: sexologi, 2021. Abstrakt Syftet med studien var att belysa erfarenheter av att använda en sexdocka, så som de framkom i ett svenskt internetforum. Debatten som förs i media kring sexdockor tenderar att återuppliva polariserade ståndpunkter som handlar om genus, sexualitet, pornografi och kommersialism. Samtidigt är sexdockor inget nytt fenomen utan användandet går långt tillbaka i historien och erotiska avbildningar som används sexuellt är införlivade i konsten och mytologin. Forskning som fokuserar på användare av sexdockor saknas dock. Det empiriska materialet består av inlägg från ett svenskt internetforum, där inläggsförfattarna sinsemellan diskuterade ämnet sexdockor. För att få en djupare förståelse för användandet av sexdockor har en hermeneutisk ansats använts. Materialet har sedan analyserats med hjälp av queerfenomenologisk teori. Resultatet visar att flera, vitt skilda erfarenheter och motiv finns hos personer som använder sexdockor. En del av användandet är kopplat till svårigheter med relationer och sexdockor används i dessa fall som substitut till relationer. Erfarenheter av dåliga relationer beskrevs samt erfarenheter av ett ofrivilligt singelskap. Studien bekräftar även tidigare forskning kring att sexdockor används för andra ändamål än för samlag. Ett slags omvårdnad av sexdockan beskrevs i termer av handhavande, hygien, samt att göra dockan fin och tilldragande för ögat. Även det stigma och tabu som omger användandet av sexdockor togs upp och diskuterades i forumet. Avslutningsvis diskuteras att en sexdockeberättelse är en berättelse om lust och åtrå men också om de normer och livsvägar som omgärdar relationer och sexualitet. Nyckelord: Fetisch, Internetforum, Onani, Queer fenomenologi, Sexdocka, Sexhjälpmedel Sexrobot. 1 ”I´VE BECOME MUCH HAPPIER SINCE I STOPPED BEING INTRESTED IN WOMEN AND SWITCHED TO SEX DOLL” A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF EXPERIENCES OF PEOPLE WHO USE SEX DOLLS ELIANA ROBATTO Robatto, E. Degree project in sexology 30 högskolepoäng. Malmö University: Faculty of Health and Society, Department of Social Work, 2021. Abstract The aim of the study was to shed light on experiences of using a sex doll, as they appeared in a Swedish internet forum. The debate that is taking place in the media about sex dolls tends to revive polarized standpoints which surround gender, sexuality, pornography and commercialism. At the same time, sex dolls are not a new phenomenon since the use goes a long way back in history and erotic images for sexual purpose are incorporated into the art and mythology. However, research that focuses on the users of sex dolls is lacking. The empirical material is based on posts from a Swedish internet forum, where the authors of the posts discussed the topic of sex dolls with each other. To gain a deeper understanding of the use of sex dolls, a hermeneutic approach was used. The material was then analyzed with queer phenomenological theory. The results show that there are several, widely different experiences and motives of persons using sex dolls. A part of the use is linked to difficulties with relationships and sex dolls are in these cases used to substitute relationships. Experiences of poor relationships were described, as well as experiences of involuntary being single. The study also confirms previous research regarding the use of sex dolls for purposes other than intercourse. A kind of care-taking of the sex doll was described in terms of handling, hygiene and making the doll pretty and attractive to the eye. The stigma and taboo surrounding the use of sex dolls is also addressed and discussed in the forum. Finally, there is a discussion about a story of a sex doll being a story about lust and desires but also about the norms and life paths which surround relationships and sexuality. Keywords: Fetish, Internet forum, Masturbation, Queer phenomenology, Sex aids Sexdoll, Sexrobot 2 Innehåll 1. Inledning och problemformulering ………………………………… 4 1.1 Syfte och frågeställningar …………………………………………… 5 2. Bakgrund …………………………………………………………….. 5 2.1 Erotiska avbildningar i konsten och mytologin ……………………… 5 2.2 Sexdockor genom historien…………………………………………… 7 2.3 Äktenskaplig kärlek och egensex ..…………………………………... 8 2.4 Fetisch ………………………………………………………………... 9 2.5 Sexdockan – nutid och framtid ………………………………………. 11 2.6 Internet, nätforum och sexualitet …………………………………….. 12 3. Tidigare forskning …………………………………………………… 12 3.1 Intresse och erfarenheter av sexdockor ……………………………… 13 3.2 Sexdockor i terapi- och utbildningssyfte ……………………………... 14 3.3 Negativa aspekter ……………………………………………………. 14 4. Teoretiska perspektiv ………………………………………………... 15 4.1 Kroppen och dess erfarenhet ………………………………………… 15 4.2 Queer fenomenologi och sexualitetens orientering ………………….. 16 4.2.1 Orientering …………………………………………………………. 17 4.2.2 Linjer ……………………………………………………………….. 17 4.2.3 Objekt ……………………………………………………………… 18 4.3 Önskvärd och icke önskvärd sexualitet ……………………………… 18 5. Metod och material ………………………………………………….. 19 5.1 Urval …………...…………………………………………………….. 20 5.2 Hermeneutisk tolkning ………………………………………………. 20 5.3 Förförståelse …………………………………………………………. 21 5.4 Etiska överväganden ...……………………………………………….. 22 5.5 Metodologisk reflektion ……………………………………………… 23 6. Resultat och analys …………………………………………………... 23 6.1 Olyckliga relationer ………………………………………………….. 24 6.2 Ofrivillig ensamhet …………….…...................................................... 26 6.3 Sexualitet på egna villkor ……………………………………………. 30 6.4 En hemlighet jag vill berätta om ……………………………………... 33 6.5 En docka att ta hand om ……………………………………………… 37 7. Diskussion …………………………………………………………….. 40 8. Avslutande kommentar ……………………………………………… 43 9. Referenser …………………………………………………………….. 44 3 1. INLEDNING OCH PROBLEMFORMULERING En sexdocka är en docka i människolik storlek som marknadsförs med syfte att tillföra erotisk njutning. Dagens sexdockor tillverkas av exklusiva och verklighetstrogna material. Huden känns som mänsklig hud och de har kulleder som möjliggör att armar och ben kan föras till olika ställningar. De flesta sexdockor som säljs runt om i världen idag är av kvinnligt kön (Döring & Pöschl 2018). På senare tid har sexdockan ökat i försäljning (Danaher 2019). Men sexdockans position som sexleksak är inte självklar. Sexdockan kantras av massmedial uppmärksamhet i vilken rådande diskurser kring sexualitet sätts mot varandra. Argumentationen tenderar att återuppliva polariserade debatter som handlar om genus, sexualitet, pornografi och kommersialism. I Sverige vänder sig organisationerna ROKS (Riksföreningen för kvinnojourer och tjejjourer i Sverige) och Unizon mot sexdockor med argument om att de exploaterar kvinnors kroppar. I en debattartikel i Expressen (2019-02-20) uppmanar de till en lagstiftning i frågan. ”Sexrobotar och sexdockor förstärker och normaliserar synen på kvinnor som objekt och normaliserar mäns våld mot kvinnor. Det är dags för skärpt lagstiftning så att ny teknik inte reproducerar värderingar om att exploatera kvinnors kroppar”. Inläggsförfattarna drar paralleller mellan sexdockor och pornografi. De menar att sexrobotar och sexdockor konstrueras med utseende och attribut som är typiska för den objektifierade och sexualiserade kvinnokroppen, vilket anses leda till ett ökat våld mot kvinnor. Författarna kräver i sin debattartikel att Sverige ska lagstifta för att göra det olagligt att driva bordeller med sexrobotar (Persson m.fl. 2019). Andra framhäver sexdockans positiva effekter. Lust och njutning ses som en naturlig del av livet och som ett tecken på hälsa. För många människor är inte sex inom relationsramen eller med tillfälliga partners möjlig, sexdockan anses i dessa fall kunna fylla en viktig funktion. Exempelvis kan sexdockor användas som potentiella sexhjälpmedel för människor med sexuella dysfunktioner, funktionsvariationer, personer som är frihetsberövade samt människor på äldreboenden (Devlin 2018; Eichenberg m. fl. 2019; Levy 2016). Medan kvinnors användande av sexuella hjälpmedel såsom dildos och vibratorer generellt betraktas som något stärkande för den kvinnliga sexualiteten (Herbenick m. fl. 2011; Laqueur 2003) ses användandet av sexdockor inte med samma positiva inställning. Två frågor framträder som problematiska; den ena är att sexdockan är ett sexhjälpmedel som främst marknadsförs och köps av män, den andra är att sexhjälpmedlet antar hela formen av en mänsklig varelse. I massmedia och i populärkulturen är diskussionen kring sexdockan just nu aktuell. Trots detta är ämnet fortfarande relativt outforskat utifrån en akademisk synvinkel, särskilt ur en svensk kontext, där ingen vetenskaplig publikation funnits. Döring och Pöschl (2018) menar att orsakerna till att användandet av sexdockor inte studerats akademiskt kan förmodas vara att fenomenet är relativt nytt och att sexleksaker fortfarande anses vara tabu, något som också påverkat forskarvärlden. Mycket sällan framträder sexdockeanvändarnas röster inom forskning eller
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