2004 Annual Report

FROM THE SECRETARY Smithsonian Institution

America is a vast and intricate tapestry, and we celebrate some of our most colorful threads. ✭✭✭

omething magical happens Even as we remain a “must see” destination in when Americans encounter Washington, D.C., we also reach out to the millions the treasures that the who want to connect to our holdings but cannot travel Smithsonian holds in trust here. Through programs such as the Smithsonian Sfor them. Citizens view these Institution Traveling Exhibition Service, we display icons — many irreplaceable our artifacts in cities and towns across America. and rich in national significance — and experience a Our educators translate history, art, and science into surge of curiosity, a wave of nostalgia, a thrill of pride. words that even the youngest Americans can under- Our exhibitions and programs both engage the mind stand and offer them as a resource to our nation’s and stir the heart. teachers. Take the objects in this year’s The Price of Freedom: We are deeply honored Uniquely Americans at War exhibition that illustrate resolve by the trust Americans 2004 ANNUAL during wartime — the Smithsonian anchors them in have always placed in us. Smithsonian Institution REPORT the context of history and combines them with voices They come expecting the American that make them come alive. best, and we do not Smithsonian Information America is a vast and intricate tapestry, and in disappoint. Much of the SI Building, Room 153 this year’s annual report, we celebrate some of our credit for the fabled MRC 010, P.O. Box 37012 most colorful threads. In September, we opened the Smithsonian Experience 6,300 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 National Museum of the American Indian, where belongs to our staff Phone: (202) 633-1000 every artifact helps tell the story of the Native and nearly 6,000 volun- E-mail: [email protected] American experience, both past and present. Two teers — the thinkers and Web: www.smithsonian.org centuries before the American Revolution, Hispanics doers behind our beautiful were already established in America. The Smithsonian’s buildings and spectacular Latino Music Initiative shares the sounds of Latino exhibitions. The strength music — our music — and helps us appreciate the of our people, and the vibrancy Latinos contribute to the American canvas. power of the public/private partnership that funds Because we are charged with not only diffusing the largest museum and research complex in the world, what is known but also increasing what we know, we make us what we are. Uniquely American. back everything we do with rigorous scholarship. Scientists, such as Dr. Richard Potts whose discovery you will read about, plumb the earth, while others scrutinize the stars to discover answers and antidotes that will improve our daily lives. Lawrence M. Small

presenting treasures 1 The Smithsonian enlarges our understanding of the mosaic that is our national identity. We provide experiences that connect us to our history and our heritage as Americans and promote innovation, research, and scientific discovery. ✮ Contents 2 SHARE: Presenting Treasures

10 EXPLORE: Guiding Discovery

16 CONNECT: Reaching Americans

22 shape: the Future of the smithsonian

24 invest: Financial and donor reports FROM THE SECRETARY Smithsonian Institution

America is a vast and intricate tapestry, and we celebrate some of our most colorful threads. ✭✭✭

presenting treasures 1 The Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service 80,000 links communities across 2004 the country to the nation’s contributing members Research Centers Education and Outreach … treasures. Gold medalist In Brian Boitano’s skates are 2004 part of Sports: Breaking Archives of American Art Center for Folklife and Smithsonian Center for Education The Smithsonian’s annual Richard J. Wattenmaker, Director Cultural Heritage and Museum Studies report, Uniquely American, Records, Breaking Barriers. MRC 937, P.O. Box 37012 Richard Kurin, Director Stephanie L. Norby, Director is available online at 143.7 20013 7012 953 37012 402 37012 Washington, D.C. - MRC , P.O. Box MRC , P.O. Box www.smithsonian.org. objects in the collections (202) 275-1874 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 (202) 275-1135 (202) 357-2425 To request this publication in Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory an alternative format, call 3.5 202 357 2627 107 million Charles R. Alcock, Director National Science Resources Center Smithsonian Center for ( ) - , ext. (voice) 60 202 357 1729 traveling exhibition service visitors Garden St. Sally Goetz Shuler, Executive Director Latino Initiatives or ( ) - (TTY). Cambridge, Mass. 02138 901 D St. S.W., Suite 704-B Luben Montoya, Acting Director (617) 495-7100 Washington, D.C. 20024 MRC 448, P.O. Box 37012, Project Director million (202) 633-2972 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Kathryn Lindeman Smithsonian Center for Materials (202) 633-1240 Research and Education Office of Fellowships Project Assistant Robert J. Koestler, Director Catherine F. Harris, Director Smithsonian Institution Lindsey Morton 4120 Silver Hill Rd. MRC 902, P.O. Box 37012 Traveling Exhibition Service Suitland, Md. 20746-2863 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Anna R. Cohn, Director Contributing Editor (301) 238-1205 (202) 275-0655 MRC 706, P.O. Box 37012 William Tabor Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Smithsonian Environmental Office of National Programs (202) 633-3168 Digital Imaging Editor Smithsonian Worldwide Research Center Richard Kurin, Acting Director Dane Penland 2004 Anson H. Hines Jr., Acting Director MRC 953, P.O. Box 37012 2 In , Smithsonian researchers 28 20013 7012 57 P.O. Box Washington, D.C. - Concept, editorial, design conducted their work at research Edgewater, Md. 21037 (202) 275-1135 Steege/Thomson Communications sites around the world: (443) 482-2205 Argentina Kenya Office of Sponsored Projects Photographers Smithsonian research scientists Smithsonian Institution Archives Ardelle G. Foss, Director David A. Aguilar Armenia Laos work around the world. Rachel Thomas Soapes, Acting Director MRC 903, P.O. Box 37012 Ralph Alswang Australia Madagascar Collin from the Smithsonian MRC 414, P.O. Box 37012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Ernest Amoroso Belarus Mauritius 20013 7012 202 275 0840 Tropical Research Institute in Washington, D.C. - ( ) - AP/Wideworld Photos Belgium Mexico (202) 357-1420 Juan Carlos Briceno Panama collects larvae in her Belize Mongolia Smithsonian Affiliations Chip Clark Naos Island Laboratory. Brazil Namibia Smithsonian Institution Libraries Harold A. Closter, Director Jennifer Clark 455 37012 Cambodia The Netherlands Nancy E. Gwinn, Director MRC , P.O. Box Jessie Cohen MRC 154, P.O. Box 37012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Steven M. Cummings Cameroon New Zealand Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 (202) 633-9157 Harold Dorwin Canada Norway (202) 633-2240 Matt Flynn Chile Oman Smithsonian Asian Pacific Katherine Fogden China Panama Smithsonian Marine Station American Program Joe Goulait Colombia Papua New Guinea at Fort Pierce Franklin S. Odo, Director Marcos Guerra Costa Rica Peru Valerie J. Paul, Head Scientist MRC 440, P.O. Box 37012 Robert Harrell 701 20013 7012 20 Ecuador Russia Seaway Drive Washington, D.C. - John Harrington 34949 3140 202 786 2409 Egypt Singapore Fort Pierce, Fla. - ( ) - Lynn Hornor Keith smithsonian museum visits (772) 465-6630 Ali Khawaja Ethiopia South Africa The Smithsonian Associates Franko Khoury million France South Korea Smithsonian Tropical Research Barbara Tuceling, Acting Director Eric Long Gabon Spain Institute (Panama) MRC 701, P.O. Box 37012 Caroline Mah Germany Sweden Ira Rubinoff, Director Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Fernando Marte Greece Switzerland Unit 0948 APO AA 34002-0948 (202) 357-2696 Héctor Méndez-Caratini Guatemala Taiwan 011 (507) 212-8110 Dave Miller Guyana Tanzania Rebecca Morris Dane Penland India Thailand Nationwide: Richard Potts Indonesia Ukraine Reuters/Jason Reed Smithsonian Ireland Uruguay Chris Smith The Smithsonian Institution is the world’s largest Italy Vietnam John Steiner museum and research complex, endowed by James Jamaica United Kingdom Richard Strauss Japan Holly Sweat Smithson and created by an act of Congress in 1846, Hugh Talman 97 Jeff Tinsley dedicated to the increase and diffusion of knowledge. The Washington Post/ web visitors Smithsonian Affiliations Katherine Frey shares artifacts, programs, Christian Ziegler million and expertise with cultural 18 Museums and Galleries institutions around the country. Intern partner 138 Affiliate Organizations Janis Spear, from the Western Heritage Center in 9 Research Centers Billings, Montana, works 247 HAWAIIPUERTO RICO PANAMA with a marriage bowl in the Traveling Exhibition Service Locations National Museum of the American Indian collection. The Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service 80,000 links communities across 2004 the country to the nation’s contributing members Research Centers Education and Outreach … treasures. Gold medalist In Brian Boitano’s skates are 2004 part of Sports: Breaking Archives of American Art Center for Folklife and Smithsonian Center for Education The Smithsonian’s annual Richard J. Wattenmaker, Director Cultural Heritage and Museum Studies report, Uniquely American, Records, Breaking Barriers. MRC 937, P.O. Box 37012 Richard Kurin, Director Stephanie L. Norby, Director is available online at 143.7 20013 7012 953 37012 402 37012 Washington, D.C. - MRC , P.O. Box MRC , P.O. Box www.smithsonian.org. objects in the collections (202) 275-1874 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 (202) 275-1135 (202) 357-2425 To request this publication in Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory an alternative format, call 3.5 202 357 2627 107 million Charles R. Alcock, Director National Science Resources Center Smithsonian Center for ( ) - , ext. (voice) 60 202 357 1729 traveling exhibition service visitors Garden St. Sally Goetz Shuler, Executive Director Latino Initiatives or ( ) - (TTY). Cambridge, Mass. 02138 901 D St. S.W., Suite 704-B Luben Montoya, Acting Director (617) 495-7100 Washington, D.C. 20024 MRC 448, P.O. Box 37012, Project Director million (202) 633-2972 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Kathryn Lindeman Smithsonian Center for Materials (202) 633-1240 Research and Education Office of Fellowships Project Assistant Robert J. Koestler, Director Catherine F. Harris, Director Smithsonian Institution Lindsey Morton 4120 Silver Hill Rd. MRC 902, P.O. Box 37012 Traveling Exhibition Service Suitland, Md. 20746-2863 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Anna R. Cohn, Director Contributing Editor (301) 238-1205 (202) 275-0655 MRC 706, P.O. Box 37012 William Tabor Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Smithsonian Environmental Office of National Programs (202) 633-3168 Digital Imaging Editor Smithsonian Worldwide Research Center Richard Kurin, Acting Director Dane Penland 2004 Anson H. Hines Jr., Acting Director MRC 953, P.O. Box 37012 2 In , Smithsonian researchers 28 20013 7012 57 P.O. Box Washington, D.C. - Concept, editorial, design conducted their work at research Edgewater, Md. 21037 (202) 275-1135 Steege/Thomson Communications sites around the world: (443) 482-2205 Argentina Kenya Office of Sponsored Projects Photographers Smithsonian research scientists Smithsonian Institution Archives Ardelle G. Foss, Director David A. Aguilar Armenia Laos work around the world. Rachel Thomas Soapes, Acting Director MRC 903, P.O. Box 37012 Ralph Alswang Australia Madagascar Collin from the Smithsonian MRC 414, P.O. Box 37012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Ernest Amoroso Belarus Mauritius 20013 7012 202 275 0840 Tropical Research Institute in Washington, D.C. - ( ) - AP/Wideworld Photos Belgium Mexico (202) 357-1420 Juan Carlos Briceno Panama collects larvae in her Belize Mongolia Smithsonian Affiliations Chip Clark Naos Island Laboratory. Brazil Namibia Smithsonian Institution Libraries Harold A. Closter, Director Jennifer Clark 455 37012 Cambodia The Netherlands Nancy E. Gwinn, Director MRC , P.O. Box Jessie Cohen MRC 154, P.O. Box 37012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Steven M. Cummings Cameroon New Zealand Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 (202) 633-9157 Harold Dorwin Canada Norway (202) 633-2240 Matt Flynn Chile Oman Smithsonian Asian Pacific Katherine Fogden China Panama Smithsonian Marine Station American Program Joe Goulait Colombia Papua New Guinea at Fort Pierce Franklin S. Odo, Director Marcos Guerra Costa Rica Peru Valerie J. Paul, Head Scientist MRC 440, P.O. Box 37012 Robert Harrell 701 20013 7012 20 Ecuador Russia Seaway Drive Washington, D.C. - John Harrington 34949 3140 202 786 2409 Egypt Singapore Fort Pierce, Fla. - ( ) - Lynn Hornor Keith smithsonian museum visits (772) 465-6630 Ali Khawaja Ethiopia South Africa The Smithsonian Associates Franko Khoury million France South Korea Smithsonian Tropical Research Barbara Tuceling, Acting Director Eric Long Gabon Spain Institute (Panama) MRC 701, P.O. Box 37012 Caroline Mah Germany Sweden Ira Rubinoff, Director Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Fernando Marte Greece Switzerland Unit 0948 APO AA 34002-0948 (202) 357-2696 Héctor Méndez-Caratini Guatemala Taiwan 011 (507) 212-8110 Dave Miller Guyana Tanzania Rebecca Morris Dane Penland India Thailand Nationwide: Richard Potts Indonesia Ukraine Reuters/Jason Reed Smithsonian Ireland Uruguay Chris Smith The Smithsonian Institution is the world’s largest Italy Vietnam John Steiner museum and research complex, endowed by James Jamaica United Kingdom Richard Strauss Japan Holly Sweat Smithson and created by an act of Congress in 1846, Hugh Talman 97 Jeff Tinsley dedicated to the increase and diffusion of knowledge. The Washington Post/ web visitors Smithsonian Affiliations Katherine Frey shares artifacts, programs, Christian Ziegler million and expertise with cultural 18 Museums and Galleries institutions around the country. Intern partner 138 Affiliate Organizations Janis Spear, from the Western Heritage Center in 9 Research Centers Billings, Montana, works 247 HAWAIIPUERTO RICO PANAMA with a marriage bowl in the Traveling Exhibition Service Locations National Museum of the American Indian collection. Presenting Treasures: ShareThe Smithsonian Institution provides more museum experiences than any other institution in the world. In 2004, we opened our 18th museum and shared some of the nation’s most celebrated and significant objects with more than 20 million visitors.

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1 Anacostia Museum and Center for 4 Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden African American History and Culture The Hirshhorn celebrated its 30th anniversary as the nation’s Dorothy, a portrait by celebrated Washington artist James A. museum of international modern and contemporary art with Porter of his wife, was one of 14 Porter paintings acquired and special programs and events offering its visitors opportunities to exhibited by the museum. engage with works of art, such as Martin Puryear sculptures and works on paper. 2 Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum Shock of the Old: Christopher Dresser was the first, full-scale 5 National Air and Space Museum museum retrospective of the work of the pioneer British The Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center’s James S. McDonnell Space industrial designer, one of the most influential design figures Hangar officially opened to the public with the massive of the 19th century. space shuttle Enterprise as its centerpiece and several hundred artifacts representing human spaceflight, rocketry, and more. 3 Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery The Freer Gallery’s exhibition, commemorating the centenary 6 National Museum of African Art of artist James McNeill Whistler and featuring a broad selection The National Museum of African Art celebrated its 25th anniver- of his prints and paintings, employed a costumed interpreter sary with Treasures, an exhibition of 73 traditional masks and to usher in visitors. sculptures, many of which reside in private collections and have never been shown in the United States.

2 share The National Museum of the The Price of Freedom: Americans The Archives of American Art American Indian celebrates at War at the National Museum collects and preserves a trove the lifeways, literature, of American History explores of raw material that docu- history, and art of Native how wars have been defining ments American art history Americans and presents their episodes in American history and shares its collections impressive and ongoing and examines their impact on with scholars worldwide. achievements to the world. the country and its citizens. See page 8 for more. See next page for more. See page 6 for more.

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7 National Portrait Gallery The Smithsonian’s 2001 acquisition of the famous Gilbert Stuart portrait prompted a two-year seven-city tour of George Washington: A National Treasure, which was attended by more than 900,000 people and reached 75,000 school children with educational programs.

8 National Postal Museum The National Postal Museum added to its Web site a new virtual exhibition, Fad to Fundamental: Airmail in America, which offers background information on the development of the United States Airmail Service.

9 Smithsonian American Art Museum and the Renwick Gallery Right at Home: American Studio Furniture highlighted the originality, craftsmanship, and personalities of studio furniture artists and included both functional works and purely sculptural pieces created from 1990 to the present, including Oops! by Jacob Cress. 3 share presenting treasures 3 Share: A Joyous Homecoming

“Treat all men alike.... Give them all an even chance to live and grow. All men were made by the same Great Spirit. They are brothers.” Chief Joseph

t the foot of the U.S. Capitol, flanked by neoclassical icons, the oldest American culture gains a presence with the newest structure to be erected on the National Mall. A On September 21, the Smithsonian opened the National Museum of the American Indian (NMAI). Nearly 25,000 Native Americans in traditional regalia joined in an opening day procession down the Mall. At its core, the NMAI recognizes American Indians for their contributions not only to history but also to modern America. Native American voices helped shape the content and look of every exhibition, consulting on which stories to tell and how best to tell them. In all, 24 tribal communities worked with the Smithsonian to design the museum’s permanent exhibitions.

NMAI Honors the Past, Highlights the Present The museum immerses visitors in a tactile, colorful world of real people. In addition to a rich collection of historical objects, revolving exhibitions highlight Native American contemporary arts. The building itself makes a strong architectural statement; the warm Kasota limestone of its curvilinear façade recalls an American landscape buffeted by centuries of wind and water. Thousands of trees, shrubs, and plants around the museum recall the site’s original landscape and mark the importance of the Native peoples’ relationship with the environment. A virtual, as well as physical, museum, the NMAI shares its treasures through publications, CDs, and a curriculum guide already in the hands of thousands of schools nationwide. The museum is equipped with the technology to bring most of its collection online within five years. For all visitors, the NMAI illuminates a unique strand in America’s continuing story. For Native Americans, it is a joyous homecoming.

4 share National Museum of the American Indian

At a Glance The National Museum of the American Indian is the first national museum in the country dedicated exclusively to Native Americans. • Presents 10,000 years of history. • Represents more than 1,000 indigenous cultures. • Features 34,000 plants and trees on a 4.25-acre site. • Showcases 8,000 objects. • Placed curriculum guides in 26,000 classrooms. • Is the 18th Smithsonian museum.

presenting treasures 5 Share: Service and Sacrifice

“Democracy is worth saving. Freedom is worth saving. This country is worth saving. That’s what I brought back with me.” Arnold Ropeik, World War II veteran

merica was born through war, and wars have established our borders, protected our freedom, and defined our place in history. The outcomes of wars are part of the American legend, but we are less familiar A with the price we pay — as a society and as individuals — for our land and our liberty. On Veterans Day, the National Museum of American History opened The Price of Freedom: Americans at War, the most comprehensive exhibition on military conflicts ever mounted. Supported by Kenneth E. Behring, the exhibition moves chronologically from the French and Indian War to the recent conflict in Iraq. An interactive Web site and detailed teachers’ manual extend its reach beyond the National Mall. While military history provides the framework, the exhibition’s power derives from tales of breathtaking heroism and personal sacrifice. Visitors learn how wars affect society long after formal hostilities end. For example, the Civil War and Vietnam War etched deep divisions in the national psyche, while World War II united Americans in a common cause and established America as a world power.

Objects and Voices Tell America’s Story The exhibition blends artifacts with voices and interpretations to paint an indelible picture. A Vietnam veteran tells how the distinctive sound of Huey helicopters signaled salvation to critically wounded soldiers. A 22-inch section of bullet-scarred tree trunk, a mute witness to the toll of war, is all that remains of a grand oak after fierce gunfire felled 2,000 Americans in a single day during the Civil War. Dozens of treasured items donated by Americans, including Medals of Honor, the highest award America bestows for valor in action, make the price of freedom personal. Interspersed with icons from our military past, such as George Washington’s sword and scabbard and General Sheridan’s horse Winchester, these precious possessions help form the mosaic that is America’s story.

6 share National Museum of American History, Behring Center

At a Glance The Price of Freedom: Americans At War explores wars as defining episodes in American history and examines the price Americans paid as a nation and as individuals. • Encompasses 18,200 square feet of exhibition space. • Presents 850 artifacts and images from the Smithsonian’s collections. • Offers 10 videos. • Highlights 40 first-person points of view. • Largest object presented: UH-1H Huey helicopter. • Smallest object presented: flakes of gold dust.

presenting treasures 7 Share: Celebrating Half a Century

“We do not attempt to be prophets...only history can sort out from the activity of today what will endure....” Edgar P. Richardson, one of the founders, Archives of American Art

hat do letters, ledgers, and bills of sale tell us about the passion behind great art? Now celebrating its 50th anniversary, the Smithsonian’s Archives of American Art uses the mundane records of everyday life to Willuminate the most individual of human creations. Researchers using the Archives examine how existing conditions affected artists and their art. In 1954, when the Archives was founded, not a single professor of American art history existed. Valuable records that provided context to the story of American art were scattered in every city and town where artists lived. The Archives’ founders set about assembling what became the pre-eminent collection in the field, encompassing more than 15 million original items.

Documents Provide Insights into the Creative Process Letters, diaries, and journals offer insights into the creator’s state of mind, providing tantalizing glimpses of what lies behind the art. Sketches and drawings can serve as snapshots, capturing a moment of inspiration. Art dealers’ papers, price lists, and correspondence establish provenance or mark financial successes or failures. Records from the historic 1913 Armory Show, America’s first exhibition of European modern art, show how the public was slow to accept these new forms of expression. Often, the collection sheds light on broader American history. Records from the Depression-era Works Progress Administration, which employed many out-of-work artists, tell us as much about America’s hopes and fears as they do about the art. Through a remarkable oral history program, the Archives has interviewed hundreds of artists; these first-person narratives preserve the accents and inflections that add power to individual stories. For half a century, the Archives of American Art has preserved the past in a tangible way. It greets the next half century with a multi-million dollar grant from the Terra Foundation for American Art to digitize primary source material, making its treasures even more accessible to scholars and historians.

8 share Archives of American Art

At a Glance The Archives of American Art is the world’s largest collection of primary source documents on American visual arts. • Preserves 15 million artifacts in 5,000 collections. • Includes letters, diaries, sketchbooks, records, and more than 1 million photographs. • Offers 2,000 oral histories, with more than 450 available online. • Houses personal papers of Jackson Pollock, Rockwell Kent, Reginald Marsh, Ben Shahn, and Thomas Cole, among others. • Collects records of dealers, critics, curators, patrons, and galleries. • Services an average of 4,000 Web visitors per day.

presenting treasures 9 Guiding Discovery: ExploreIncreasing knowledge is at the core of the Smithsonian mission. Through its museums and research centers, the Institution travels from the deep sea to outer space to find answers that enrich daily life.

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1 National Science Resources Center 4 Smithsonian Environmental Research Center To help engage students in grades 4 – 6 in science learning, Fulfilling the Smithsonian mandate to increase knowledge, the center released 12 books that provide a linking component new center research sheds light on: the effectiveness of to its successful Science and Technology for Children curriculum. proposed mercury emissions reduction regulations; levels of The books tell interesting stories about the earth, life, and metal pollution in the Chesapeake Bay; and the influence physical sciences. of human activities on coastal systems.

2 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory 5 Smithsonian Institution Archives A Smithsonian fellow made the important discovery that some Detailed information on the history of the Smithsonian is now star clusters are all that remain of entire galaxies that were available via the Internet, providing researchers with online consumed by larger, hungrier cousins, such as our own Milky Way. access to 2,700 digital historical images, a chronology listing 2,600 significant events, and an annotated bibliography. 3 Smithsonian Center for Materials Research and Education The appearance of Brood X cicadas gave the center an opportunity to build a collection of the insects and investigate preservation and conservation methods used in entomology so scientists can evaluate the care of natural history specimens.

10 explore The fossil fragments of a Kids’ Farm at the National Zoo 900,000-year-old human introduces children to the skull, discovered by a team led domestic animals that populate by the director of the Human American farms and explains Origins Program at the National how our food gets from the Museum of Natural History, farm to the plate. See page 14 marked a new era in the study for more. of human origins. See next page for more.

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6 Smithsonian Institution Libraries Biodiversity studies of Central America received an enormous boost when the Smithsonian Institution Libraries launched its digital version of the Biologia Centrali-Americana, encompassing 25,000 pages and 1,284 stunning images.

7 Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce The touch tank at the Smithsonian’s Marine Ecosystems exhibit received an extreme makeover and teems with invertebrate creatures of the Indian River Lagoon and the Florida coast.

8 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Collaborating with the Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service and the National Zoo, the institute produced a special exhibition, The Magic Web: The Tropical Forest of Barro Colorado Island, to celebrate Panama’s centennial as a republic.

guiding discovery 11 Explore: A Rare Discovery

“You will never guess what you have.” Dr. Meave Leakey, paleontologist

ur prehistoric ancestors left plenty of clues about their existence. For more than 60 years, scientists digging at the Olorgesailie site in Kenya have discovered thousands of their stone tools; but Ountil recently, they could find no human fossils. Where — and who — were the early humans who made those tools? Then a research team, led by the Smithsonian’s Human Origins Program Director Dr. Richard Potts, unearthed fragments of an early human skull dated to about 900,000 years old. Reported in the July 2004 issue of the journal Science, the discovery fills in a 400,000-year gap in the human fossil record in Africa.

Understanding the Foundations of Human Life The Human Origins Program works in the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., and in laboratories and sites around the world to better understand the biological and cultural foundations of human life and the environments in which it thrived. Often, the research takes scientists to Africa, where we know that early humans lived as long as 6 million years ago. Until recently though, the fossil record went blank between 1 million and 600,000 years ago. The team’s recent discovery of fragments — brow ridge, left ear, and brain case — of a tiny, possibly female skull changes all that. Working with these bones and those from other time periods, forensic anthropologists, using the latest tools, can re-create faces from fragments and provide us with a look at the oldest part of the family album.

12 explore National Museum of Natural History

At a Glance The Smithsonian’s Human Origins Program advances the scientific understanding of our evolutionary history. • Conducts fieldwork in Kenya, India, and Southern China. • Coordinates the research of more than 50 archaeologists, anthropologists, geologists, paleontologists, and other scientists from more than a dozen countries. • Uses fossils and archaeological and climatic records of early human sites to study ecological aspects of human origins. • Has explored the Olorgesailie site in Kenya since 1985 in collaboration with the National Museums of Kenya. • Has unearthed more than 20,000 stone tools before finding human fossils at the site.

guiding discovery 13 Explore: Back on the Farm

“For many of our visitors, domestic animals are as exotic as the rain forest monkey.” Bob King, Kids’ Farm curator

t the turn of the century, approximately 60 percent of Americans lived on a farm. Today, that figure has dropped below 2 percent. Our every meal depends on food grown on the nation’s farms, A but most Americans have never set foot on one. To acquaint America’s children with their agrarian roots, the National Zoo opened Kids’ Farm, an exhibition that links the food we eat to the farm, introduces youngsters to farm animals, and teaches them about their care. Young visitors help wash cows and groom donkeys in animal care modeled after the daily prac- tices of 4-H Club members. The exhibition breaks new ground for the National Zoo, marking its first program where children can actually touch the animals. Volunteers and staff help introduce youngsters to the farm’s cows, goats, ducks, and a variety of chickens.

Linking Food to the Farm The Zoo teaches children that their favorite foods, such as pizza, don’t just magically appear. Visitors learn how everything, from the wheat in its crust to the cheese in its toppings, comes from the farm. They spend time in a fragrant garden that supplies tomatoes and basil, and to combine learning with fun, they can crawl through the giant olive on a larger-than-life pizza play area. Rep. Ralph Regula (R-Ohio), himself a farmer, introduced the legislation that provided the $5 million appropriation from Congress that launched Kids’ Farm. The exhibition covers nearly two acres of Zoo ground and boasts a chicken coop and a light and airy old-fashioned barn that shelters animals from the elements — and is the envy of cows and farmers nationwide.

14 explore National Zoological Park

At a Glance Kids’ Farm educates children about domestic animals and shows how food originates on American farms. • Targets 3- to 8-year-old visitors. • Houses 62 animals, including two cows, four donkeys, four goats, 31 chickens, and 21 ducks. • Features Dominique chickens, which date to Colonial times. • Covers two acres near the National Zoo's Rock Creek Park entrance. • Averaged about 15,000 visitors a week during its first month.

guiding discovery 15 Reaching Americans: ConnectThrough Web sites, recordings, publications, and outreach programs that extend nationwide, the Smithsonian brings a wealth of knowledge and experiences to millions who cannot journey to the National Mall.

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1 Smithsonian Affiliations 3 The Smithsonian Associates Smithsonian Affiliations set a new record for the largest loan The Smithsonian Associates reached out to local commu- of objects for a single exhibition, sending 174 artifacts, nities with three CultureFest programs produced in including the costume Ray Bolger wore in “The Wizard of Oz,” conjunction with Smithsonian magazine that featured to the Durham Western Heritage Museum in Omaha, scholars, presentations, and performances such as Nebraska, for its American Originals exhibition. regional jazz concerts.

2 Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Program 4 Smithsonian Books Indonesian and Balinese dancers performed the Monkey Smithsonian Books received national visibility for such Dance at the Asian Pacific American Heritage Festival, titles as Math and the Mona Lisa by Bulent Atalay; a Smithsonian-sponsored celebration that is part of National The World War II Memorial: A Grateful Nation Remembers, Asian Pacific Heritage Month. edited by Douglas Brinkley; and The Story of Science: Aristotle Leads the Way, by Joy Hakim.

16 connect The Latino Music Initiative The Smithsonian Institution of the Smithsonian Center Traveling Exhibition Service for Folklife and Cultural ensures that Americans Heritage showcases Latino everywhere can benefit from music as a vibrant contrib- the Smithsonian’s treasures utor to American culture. and exposes new audiences See next page for more. to art, history, culture, and science. See page 20 for more.

5 Smithsonian Center for Education and Museum Studies Smithsonian in Your Classroom used interviews with artisans and several dolls from the National Museum of the American Indian collection to teach the nation’s elementary and middle school students about America’s diverse tribes.

6 Smithsonian Center for Latino Initiatives The story of Alfred Rascon, recipient of the Congressional Medal of Honor, is just one of many featured in Our Journeys/Our Stories: Portraits of Latino Achievement, a bilingual photography exhibition that celebrates the Latino experience in America.

reaching americans 17 Connect: America Singing

“La música es mi bandera — the music is my flag.” Expression of Latino musicians

usic is a primal force in every culture. We express history in bal- lads, patriotism in anthems, and joy through song. Music is also an integral part of everyday life in America. From the syncopated Mrhythms of ragtime to the urban strains of hip-hop, music has always reflected our diversity. To recognize the important and growing presence of Latino culture in America, the Smithsonian’s Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage has developed the Latino Music Initiative. This multi-pronged program showcases the broad musical heritage of the more than 40 million Latinos living in the United States.

Bridging Culture Through Music Sometimes, a title says it all. Nuestra Música, beginning its first of four years as part of the Smithsonian Folklife Festival in 2004, makes the clear statement that Latino music is our music, the music of America. The very site of the Festival, the National Mall, provides a prominent stage for Latino musicians to gather and for thousands of visitors to hear their musical exchange. Each year, the program will explore different aspects of music from various Latino communities. To reach the many people who cannot attend the Festival, Smithsonian Folkways Recordings has started Tradiciones, a collection of CDs representing more than 20 Latino musical traditions, and a Web site offering bilingual materials. A good read accompanies a good listen; the CD notes about the musicians and music are so thor- ough that some school districts use them to develop curricula. The Latino Music Initiative introduces people worldwide to a rich segment of America’s musical past and present and, in so doing, invites them to learn more about themselves.

18 connect Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage

At a Glance The Latino Music Initiative showcases the musical heritage of Latinos, the fastest growing segment of America’s population. • One in every eight Americans is of Latino descent; Latino music is American music. • Folkways’ Tradiciones will produce a total of 25 CDs of Latino music. • To date, the CDs received four Grammy nominations and aired on 500 radio stations. • The Smithsonian Folklife Festival presented Latino music to nearly 1 million visitors in 2004. • One hundred Latino musicians and dancers, representing 10 Latino musical traditions, shared the Festival stage.

reaching americans 19 Connect: Touring Our Treasures

“As the most visible women in America, first ladies have evolved from the presidents’ social and ceremonial partners to advocates of social causes and political allies in their own right.” Edith Mayo, curator emeritus, National Museum of American History

he 143.7 million objects in the Smithsonian collections are held in trust for the American people. Millions visit our museums each year, but to provide even greater access for the rightful owners, the T Smithsonian organizes traveling exhibitions that take our treasures, artifacts, and research to hundreds of American communities annually. Every year, the Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service (SITES) circulates between 50 and 60 exhibitions on art, history, science, and popular culture and has 10 more in production. A special initiative, Museum on Main Street, partners with state humanities councils nationwide to share Smithsonian collections with Americans in remote, rural locations. Going where people live, work, and spend their leisure time, SITES sends exhibitions to local museums and libraries, community centers and historical societies, municipal buildings and schools, shopping malls, and train depots.

Celebrating the American Experience The Smithsonian staff shapes the scope and content of SITES exhibitions, many of which explore the vitality of the American experience. Highlights from 2004 include exhibitions that celebrate the nation’s history, its ingenuity, and its traditions. First Ladies: Political Role and Public Image presents more than 150 objects from the National Museum of American History’s rarely traveled First Ladies Collection and illustrates how the role has evolved from ceremonial partner to one of recognized political partner and international celebrity. Sports: Breaking Records, Breaking Barriers portrays notable athletes from more than a dozen sports who energized and transformed American society, featuring artifacts that emphasize issues such as women’s changing roles and racial and ethnic integration. Doodles, Drafts, and Designs features 74 original sketches and drawings that showcase 200 years of American ingenuity and include some of the world’s best-known products — from turbines to Tupperware — as well as ideas that never got off the drawing board.

20 connect Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service

At a Glance SITES exhibitions let visitors experience the Smithsonian in their own hometowns. • Offers all-inclusive exhibition packages, including objects, images, and technical support. • Has mounted more than 2,500 exhibitions in all 50 states. • Every year, connects some 3.5 million Americans with their shared cultural heritage. • Visits an average of 250 communities each year. • Museum on Main Street has brought Smithsonian objects to 438 rural communities. • Founded in 1952.

reaching americans 21 Shape: The Future of the Smithsonian

1 3

At the Smithsonian, we continually translate our mission 2 Transforming Our Nation’s History Museum of discovery and dissemination into action by shaping new The Smithsonian is revitalizing the National Museum initiatives, exhibitions, and programs that will enlighten of American History, Behring Center to bring to life the and engage visitors from around the world. nation’s past for 21st-century visitors. The museum recently made important steps toward its transformation 1 The Grand Reopening of Two Museums by opening two major exhibitions, America on the Move 2006 In July , the Smithsonian American Art Museum and The Price of Freedom: Americans at War. In 2007, the and the National Portrait Gallery will reopen in the museum will inaugurate the Star-Spangled Banner historic building that was formerly known as the Patent Gallery, featuring the flag that flew atop Fort McHenry Office Building after a six-year renovation that com- and inspired our national anthem. Flag Hall will house 19 bines classic th-century Greek Revival design with For Which It Stands, an exhibition about the American 21 st-century innovation. Renowned architect Norman flag, which will subsequently travel to major U.S. cities. Foster designed an undulating glass canopy enclosing The building’s ongoing transformation will include new 28,000 the -square-foot Robert and Arlene Kogod exhibitions, educational programs, and further structural Courtyard, creating a magnificent space for indoor changes that will make it one of the world’s most arch- events. The renovated museums will feature more than itecturally striking and distinguished history museums. 300 years of America’s stories through dynamic special exhibitions, installations, and educational program- 3 The Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center — Phase II ming. Other building enhancements include the new In December 2003, the National Air and Space Museum 346-seat Nan Tucker McEvoy Auditorium, the Lunder opened the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center. In its first year, Conservation Center, and the Luce Foundation Center more than 1.7 million visitors explored the center’s huge for American Art. aviation hangar, Donald D. Engen Observation Tower, and giant-screen IMAX Theater. The James S. McDonnell Space Hangar launched in November. Phase II construction begins in early 2005. Additional facilities will include archives, collections storage, and a state-of-the-art 22 shape 4 6

restoration hangar. Together, the flagship building on Washington, D.C. The Asia Trail will feature new homes the National Mall and the Udvar-Hazy Center make up for animals from some of the endangered species of the world’s largest air and space museum complex. the Asian sub-continent, including giant pandas, sloth Continued expansion will strengthen the museum’s bears, clouded leopards, fishing cats, and red pandas. mission of commemorating the history of flight and Zoo visitors will experience these wild animals in natu- presenting flight-related science and technology. ralistic settings that impart a better understanding of biology and behaviors and put a sharper focus on the 4 Understanding the World’s Oceans problems that threaten their survival. The Asia Trail In a grand-scale initiative to help visitors understand will also support groundbreaking research, yielding the vital role of oceans, the National Museum of Natural knowledge vital to protecting animals in the wild. History will open Ocean Hall in September 2008. At 28,000 square feet, the hall will be the museum’s 6 National Museum of African American History and Culture largest exhibition, featuring a living coral reef, life-size President George W. Bush signed legislation to create models of rare marine animals, and high-definition the National Museum of African American History and media displays. Ocean Hall will serve as the highlight Culture in December 2003, the first step in realizing of a multi-disciplinary program that will showcase the what will become the newest Smithsonian museum, latest findings in marine research and encompass a whose mission will be to document African American Web site that will allow visitors access to marine speci- life, art, history, and culture. The 19-member founding mens online and provide a portal to ocean-related council is considering the mission, vision, and collecting content across the Web. A Center for Ocean Science will strategy for the museum, which will encompass topics as advance scientific collaboration among Smithsonian broad as slavery, the Harlem Renaissance, and the civil scientists and scholars and their peers around the world. rights movement. The Smithsonian recently chose the first director, and a site selection committee of members 5 Protecting Our Endangered Species from the Smithsonian Board of Regents will review Asia Trail is the first phase of a long-term initiative to potential locations. renovate and modernize the National Zoological Park in

the future of the smithsonian 23 FY2004 Revenue September 30, 2004

Federal Appropriations 64% Financial Government Grants & Contracts 14% Contributions & Private Grants 12% Report Investment Earnings 5% Fiscal Year 2004 Business Ventures 3% Other 2%

2004 FY2004 Expenses Fiscal year was an extraordinary year for the September 30, 2004 Smithsonian Institution. We opened the National Museum of the American Indian on the Mall and a major exhibition, Salaries & Benefits 44% Other Operating The Price of Freedom: Americans at War, at the National Expenses 39% Museum of American History. The Smithsonian’s financial Capital Expenses 17% health continues to improve. The Endowment’s value grew substantially during the year, and the Institution’s net assets increased by 8 percent for the second year in a row. Net assets increased by $147 million, to a total 1.8 FY2004 Financial Activity of more than $ billion, a new record high for $ Millions, September 30, 2004 the Institution. AMOUNT The Smithsonian receives funding from direct 2004 2003 * 904 803 federal government appropriations, from other govern- Operating Revenue Operating Expenses 795 728 mental entities, and from private sources. With private Increase in Operating Net Assets 109 75 funds, the Institution undertakes new ventures and Increase in Other Assets 38 65 provides a critical margin of excellence for carrying out Total Increase in Net Assets 147 140 innovative research, expanding and strengthening our *Restated to conform to current year’s presentation national collections, developing and building new facilities, opening state-of-the-art exhibitions, and reaching FY2004 Financial Position out to America’s many diverse communities. Federal $ Millions, September 30, 2004 appropriations conserve our national collections; sustain TOTAL FUNDS Trust Federal 2004 2003 basic research; educate the public; operate, maintain, Assets 1,487 1,009 2,496 2,250 and protect the large Smithsonian museum and research Liabilities 317 297 614 515 complex; and provide other administrative and support Net Assets 1,170 712 1,882 1,735 services. KPMG LLP conducted the 2004 annual audit. For a complete set of audited financial statements, Growth in Net Assets $ Millions, 2000–2004 contact the Office of the Comptroller at (202) 275-0322. 2,000 $1,882 $1,735 1,600 $1,569 $1,555 $1,595

1,200

800

400

0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 24 invest Smithsonian Business Ventures

Smithsonian Business Ventures (SBV) operates most of the businesses and revenue-producing activities of the Gifts to the Smithsonian Institution, including both Smithsonian and Air & Space magazines, 25 museum stores, the mail- order gift catalog, restaurant businesses, three IMAX Smithsonian theaters, and all licensing and media enterprises, including 2004 Donor Report e-commerce. SBV generates unrestricted income, which is critical to the Institution’s ability to fulfill its programmatic mission to the American people. In 2004, total revenues were $156.3 million, which represents a 9.2 percent increase over last year. 2004 Private philanthropy is critical to the Smithsonian’s Major highlights: mission. Private dollars allow the Smithsonian to • A two-year collaboration with the National Museum of ignite young minds through education and outreach, the American Indian culminated in the opening of more mount dynamic exhibitions, advance scientific than 6,300 square feet of retail store space and a 14,709- research, and fund innovations on many levels. square-foot restaurant, both featuring authentic offer- Philanthropic support has never been more important ings from 33 tribes and earning nearly $800,000 within to the Smithsonian, and we are most appreciative of two weeks of opening. our generous contributors. • A prototype for Smithsonian museum stores opened at Newark International Airport in Terminal C, carrying a Purpose of Funds Raised distinctive assortment of jewelry and gifts reflective of Fiscal Year 2004 the diverse collections and cultural interests of the Institution. Construction $ 50.3M Smithsonian-wide, • Licensees in publishing received awards as follows: Unrestricted 16.9M 18 Museums & Research The DK/ Smithsonian book Earth, at the th Annual Centers, Unrestricted 16.2M New York Book Show; the Soundprints/Smithsonian Endowment 13.9M book Groundhog at Evergreen Road, from the Publisher’s Exhibitions, Education & Public Programs 13.4M Marketing Association; the Hylas/Smithsonian books Research 9.5M Black: A Celebration of Culture and The Edge of Africa, Acquisitions & Collections 7.7M from ForeWord magazine. Total $ 127.9M • On-site efforts in the museum stores to acquire new National Associate Members have yielded more than Funds Raised by Source 25,400, a 65 percent increase over last year. Distribution Fiscal Year 2004 of the Institution-wide visitor guide My Smithsonian increased by 17 percent to 3.51 million copies. Individuals $ 62.5M Foundations 31.9M • Smithsonian magazine’s CultureFest, a traveling program Corporations 19.0M Bequests & organized with The Smithsonian Associates to bring the Deferred Pledges 7.6M Institution’s cultural resources to selected cities, Other 6.9M attracted more than 3,000 participants to more than 50 Total $ 127.9M events in Phoenix/Scottsdale.

ﬁnancial and donor reports 25 Leadership Gifts

The Institution is deeply grateful for the generous new gifts and pledges of $1 million or more in 2004 from the following valued donors, whose thoughtful and wide-ranging support has been essential to advancing Smithsonian initiatives in

all fields. 1 2

Dr. Peter Buck David A. and Mary Ann H. Cofrin The National Museum of Natural History’s rare and David A. and Mary Ann H. Cofrin first learned of the priceless gem collection — recognized as one of the work of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute world’s most important — was recently strengthened by (STRI) while on a cruise to Central America. Since 2002, Dr. Peter Buck’s gift of $3.1 million, which enabled they have been generous supporters of the Smithsonian’s the museum to purchase a 23.1-carat Burmese ruby of Panama-based research center. In 2004, the Cofrin gift flawless character and color. One of the largest and finest of $3.5 million created a chair in paleobiology, the first ruby gemstones in existence, this gem has been named endowed position at STRI. The gift reflects the Cofrins’ the Carmen Lúcia ruby in memory of Dr. Buck’s late wife. conviction that STRI’s research is “unique, important, His gift makes it possible for millions of visitors every and of the highest quality.” (Photo 3) year to see an extraordinary treasure. (Photo 1) ExxonMobil The Coca-Cola Company America on the Move takes visitors on a journey through The Coca-Cola Company provided the Smithsonian the history of transportation, from 1876 to the present, with $1.5 million in sponsorship support, including five showcasing how transportation shaped American lives years of funding for the National Museum of Natural and landscapes. With its pledge of $2 million, ExxonMobil History’s popular Smithsonian Jazz Café. Because of became a major sponsor of the new, permanent exhibi- Coca-Cola’s generous support, thousands will enjoy the tion at the National Museum of American History, which café’s popular Friday evening programs. The company enables millions of Americans to learn how our road, also made a high-level, five-year commitment to the rail, sea, and air transportation systems have profoundly Smithsonian Corporate Membership Program. (Photo 2) influenced the nation. (Photo 4)

26 invest 4 6

3 5

Robert and Arlene Kogod Smithsonian American Art Museum commissioner and Robert and Arlene Kogod’s extraordinary gift of $25 million National Board member Peter Lunder and his wife, will help put a crowning touch on the Smithsonian’s Paula, are American art collectors with a deep interest renovation of the historic Patent Office Building, home in conserving America’s great cultural legacy. The Lunder to the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the Foundation’s generous gift is the catalyst to raise the National Portrait Gallery. The Robert and Arlene Kogod $6 million in new funds needed for the center. (Photo 6) Courtyard will be one of Washington, D.C.’s most mag- John and Adrienne Mars nificent public spaces, encompassing 28,000 square feet John and Adrienne Mars have helped the Smithsonian and enclosed with an undulating glass canopy designed look to the future this year with their $3 million gift by renowned architect Norman Foster. The Kogods, for Phase II of the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center. Their noted collectors of 20th-century American art and Art gift supports the building of the center’s restoration Nouveau, have long been associated with the Smithsonian. wing and other Phase II facilities and will enable the They have been members of the Smithsonian American National Air and Space Museum to share even more of Art Museum’s American Art Forum since 1986 and the its magnificent collection with those visiting the world’s Archives of American Art since 1987. (Photo 5) most popular museum. Adrienne Mars formerly served The Lunder Foundation on the National Air and Space Museum and Smithsonian A 2004 challenge gift of $4 million pledged by The Lunder National Boards, and she is currently a member of the Foundation will help create a visible art conservation National Zoological Park’s Board. Both John and center in the Patent Office Building. The Lunder Adrienne Mars are avid supporters of the National Air Conservation Center will enable visitors to witness art and Space Museum and a wide range of other conservation first-hand by watching the conservators at Smithsonian initiatives. (Photo 7) work through floor-to-ceiling glass walls. Interactive kiosks, hand-held computers, and traditional interpretive displays will explain to visitors the work they are seeing.

Leadership gifts to the smithsonian 27 8 9

7 10

Lester S. and Enid W. Morse The Rasmuson Foundation More than 20 years ago, Lester S. and Enid W. Morse gave The construction of the National Museum of the American their first gift to the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Indian inspired extraordinary generosity. This year, the Museum to fund a lecture program. They have been Alaska-based Rasmuson Foundation pledged $5 million extraordinarily loyal supporters ever since. Enid Morse toward the realization of the museum. The Elmer and currently serves as chairman of the Cooper-Hewitt’s Louise Rasmuson Theater recognizes the foundation’s Board. The museum was most recently the grateful former chairman, the late Elmer Rasmuson, a former recipient of a $1 million endowment gift from the member of the Board of Trustees of the National Museum Morses. This gift helps the Cooper-Hewitt build its world- of Natural History, and his widow. The Rasmuson renowned collections and develop design exhibitions Foundation has given a total of $5.5 million to this new that will reach audiences well into the future. (Photo 8) museum that celebrates America’s Native cultures. (Photo 10) Northrop Grumman Corporation A $2 million pledge from the Northrop Grumman Victoria P. and Roger W. Sant Corporation has greatly assisted the second phase of The Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History construction of the National Air and Space Museum’s received timely assistance for its upcoming Ocean Science Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center. Already a generous Initiative from Victoria P. and Roger W. Sant’s generous supporter of the center, the defense contractor and planned gift of $10 million to endow a new, full-time shipbuilding firm’s new gift brings the planned restora- museum position, the Sant Chair in Marine Sciences. tion hangar, archives, conservation laboratory, and Roger Sant is chairman of the Executive Committee of collection processing areas closer to realization. (Photo 9) the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian and a National Museum of Natural History Board member, and Vicki Sant is a member of the Smithsonian Luncheon Group. Committed supporters of the Smithsonian, the Sants have made a leadership gift that will permanently contribute to the appreciation and understanding of the Earth’s oceans. (Photo 11)

28 invest 11 12 13

The Seneca Nation of Indians Richard O. Ullman Family Foundation The planning and creation of the National Museum of In September 2004, the generosity of the Richard O. Ullman the American Indian involved Native peoples in an Family Foundation helped realize the long-awaited dream of unprecedented way. The Seneca Nation of Indians, which the Smithsonian and Native peoples across the world to open occupies aboriginal lands in New York state, pledged the National Museum of the American Indian. The foundation’s $1 million in 2004 to ensure that the new museum was generous $1 million gift toward the opening exhibitions and realized after so many years of effort. The Seneca Nation’s programs was inspired by Richard Ullman’s long-standing generosity helped open the museum’s doors in September affiliation as a museum Charter Member. The museum wel- and will ensure that millions will experience the stories, comed more than 800,000 visitors during its first few months histories, and contributions of the first peoples of the and will continue to share its extraordinary cultural treasures Western Hemisphere. (Photo 12) with millions of Americans for generations. (Photo 13)

Clarice and Robert Smith Anne van Biema Clarice and Robert Smith pledged $1 million to the Inspired by visits to the Freer Gallery of Art and the Arthur M. Smithsonian American Art Museum this year to establish Sackler Gallery, Anne van Biema made arrangements to the Clarice Smith Distinguished Lectures in American bequeath her Japanese print collection to the Sackler Gallery Art. The annual series presents new insights in American and established the Anne van Biema Fellowship Endowment, art from the perspective of artists, scholars, and critics. which supports research in Japanese art history, and the Anne Clarice Smith is an accomplished painter and a member van Biema Endowment, which supports research, publication, of the Smithsonian American Art Museum’s Commission. and exhibition of Japanese prints and related arts. Following her The gift reflects the Smiths’ passion for art and scholar- death in 2004, her estate made a $6.4 million bequest to these ship and fits perfectly with the museum’s mission to endowments. The Smithsonian, the Freer Gallery, and the celebrate the creativity of our country’s artists, whose Sackler Gallery were all founded by endowments and continue works are windows on the American experience. to be strengthened by those who include the Institution in their estate planning. (Photo 14)

Leadership gifts to the smithsonian 29 Donors to the Smithsonian

The Smithsonian recognizes those $100,000 or more The Conrad N. Hilton Foundation Guenther and Siewchin Yong Sommer donors who made payments or Anonymous Frank and Lisina Hoch The Starr Foundation pledges during the fiscal year ending AAA David L. Hunter The Stuntz Family September 30, 2004. The AEC Trust Hyatt Dulles Hotel* Target Corporation Jan and Warren Adelson (Adelson Inter-American Foundation* Frederick and Barbara Clark Telling $1,000,000 or more Galleries, Inc.) Inter-Governmental Philatelic Thaw Charitable Trust Anonymous Altman Foundation Corporation* Thermos LLC Mr. and Mrs. David H. Jenkins Tiffany & Company A&E Television Networks* Altria Group, Inc. American Public Transportation JPMorgan Chase & Co. Mr. Robert Bruce Torgny Airbus Association Mr. and Mrs. Stanton Jue United Technologies Corporation Kenneth E. Behring Family American Road & Transportation Mary Elizabeth Kirby Charitable UPS Dr. Peter Buck Builders Association Remainder Unitrust Dr. George B. Whatley The Coca-Cola Company Anheuser-Busch Foundation Koniag, Inc. Randall and Teresa Willis David A. and Mary Ann H. Cofrin Association of American Railroads Mr. and Mrs. Harvey M. Krueger The Comer Family Foundation Lily Auchincloss Foundation, Inc. (The Double H. Foundation, Inc.) $50,000 or more ExxonMobil* Herbert and Evelyn Axelrod Ms. Wynnette LaBrosse Anonymous (Agora Foundation) 3M* Holenia Trust Max N. and Heidi L. Berry Dr. and Mrs. Peter S. Bing William & Mildred Lasdon Foundation The Josef and Anni Albers Foundation JSM Charitable Trust, James S. (Bing Fund Trust) Aimee and Robert Lehrman Alexander & Baldwin Foundation McDonnell III, John F. James A. and Barbara H. Block Thelma and Melvin Lenkin Ms. Ruth Alliger McDonnell The Boeing Company Lucent Technologies Foundation Rogers & Mary Ellen Aston Trust Robert and Arlene Kogod Bombardier R. H. Macy & Co. (Federated Anne and Raymond Baddour The Lemelson Foundation F. Otis Booth Jr. Department Stores Foundation) William C. and Nellie N. Baker Lockheed Martin Mrs. Alice Bragg Barbara and Morton Mandel Blue Moon Fund The Henry Luce Foundation Bristol Bay Native Corporation Nancy A. Marks Dr. Jane Blumenfeld Marsh Inc. BP p.l.c.* The Lunder Foundation Mrs. Melva Bucksbaum (The Martin Bucksbaum Family Foundation) Robert T. McCall* Mrs. Lorraine E. Brown (Lorraine E. John and Adrienne Mars The Emil Buehler Trust Robert R. McCormick Tribune Brown Charitable Trust) The Mashantucket Pequot Peter Buffett Foundation Ms. Ernestine Calhoun Tribal Nation Hacker and Kitty Caldwell The Merck Company Foundation The E. Rhodes & Leona B. Carpenter The Andrew W. Mellon Calista Corporation Merck Institute for Science Education Foundation Foundation Armando and Carol Chapelli Mr. and Mrs. Augustus C. Miller Cesar Color, Inc.* Lester S. and Enid W. Morse Chugach Alaska Corporation Morris Animal Foundation The Chubb Corporation Northrop Grumman Corporation Coach* Mosaic Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Peter Claussen The Coby Foundation, Ltd., New York Peterson Family Foundation The Honorable Barber B. Conable, Jr. National Asphalt Pavement Association and Mrs. Conable National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Joseph F. Cullman, 3rd Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation Cook Inlet Region, Inc. National Marine Sanctuary DaimlerChrysler Corporation The Rasmuson Foundation Guido Craveri Foundation Julia and Frank Daniels, Jr. Victoria P. and Roger W. Sant Valerie and Charles Diker National Organization for the Dr. Edward and Joanne Dauer Seneca Nation of Indians Discovery Communications, Inc.* Advancement of Haitians Mr. and Mrs. Bernard J. David Clarice and Robert Smith Doyon, Limited Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin Deer Creek Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Frederick D. Petrie Earthwatch Institute Richard O. Ullman Family Eastman Kodak Company* Kay and Dave Phillips John and Margot Ernst Foundation The Eberly Family Charitable Trust Pitney Bowes Inc.* ERSAC* Mr. Robert Ellsworth Mrs. Rita J. Pynoos Alan and Lois Fern The Upton Trust Embraer Rabil & Bates Communication Design* Field Museum of Natural History Ernst & Young LLP Raytheon Company The Freed Foundation $500,000 or more Fairfax County Regione Campania Mr. Glenn R. Fuhrman Anonymous Fannie Mae Foundation James Renwick Alliance Fund for the City of New York Accenture FedEx Corporation Rockefeller Foundation The Funger Foundation, NormaLee Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Nancy B. and Hart Fessenden Rolls-Royce North America Inc. and Morton Funger Audi North America Roger S. Firestone Foundation Mr. Samuel G. Rose and General Motors Corporation James F. Dicke Family The Ford Foundation Ms. Julie Walters Elizabeth Morse Genius Ruth S. and A. William Holmberg Ford Motor Company Fund Susan and Elihu Rose Foundation, Inc. Dr. Frank Levinson (F.H. Levinson Fund) Freeman Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Robert M. Rosenthal Ms. Alice Gottesman The Mohegan Tribe of Indians Friends of the National Zoo Rotary International (The Gottesman Fund) of Connecticut* Patricia and Phillip Frost Running Strong for American The Alvin, Lottie and Rachel Morgan Stanley Fujifilm Indian Youth Gray Fund Donald W. Reynolds Foundation GE Fund Salk Institute for Biological Studies Ms. Marion E. Greene Rolex* Stephen G. Glazer Mr. and Mrs. B. Francis Saul II Bruce T. Halle Family Foundation Shell Oil Company Foundation The Glenstone Foundation Lloyd G. and Betty A. Schermer Ms. Josephine B. Hammond Mr. Theodore J. Slavin Mr. and Mrs. Ken Hakuta Margaret Knowles Schink Mr. and Mrs. Brian J. Heidtke Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Halff, Jr. Scottish Arts Council (The Heidtke Foundation, Inc.) Smithsonian Women’s Committee Harcourt Achieve* Sealaska Corporation Herzog Family Fund State Farm Companies Foundation Christian K. Harker Shirley Phillips Sichel Hewlett-Packard Company* Jean and Davis H. von Wittenburg James Patrick Harker Singh Development Co., Ltd. John Wieland Homes and Victor and Takako Hauge Sandra and Lawrence Small Neighborhoods, Inc. Hensel Phelps Construction Co. Ms. Elizabeth H. Solomon Henry B. & Jessie W. Keiser Foundation, Inc.

30 invest Nancy and Rich Kinder, Kinder $10,000 or more The Keith Campbell Foundation for Elektra Noreste, Inc.* Foundation Anonymous the Environment Mr. and Mrs. George W. Elliott Mr. and Mrs. Steven W. Kohlhagen 13th Regional Corporation Mr. and Mrs. Richard O. Campbell Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University KPMG LLP Ace Hardware Corp. Susan and Jim Cargill II Estee Lauder Companies Marguerite and Gerry Lenfest ACI/National Capital Chapter Carl Marks & Co. Inc. The Honorable and Mrs. Melvyn J. Loudoun County Board of Supervisors Africare Mr. and Mrs. J. Otis Carroll Estrin (Melvyn & Suellen Estrin The Lucelia Foundation, Inc. AGC Education and Research Mr. and Mrs. Stephen M. Case Family Foundation) Linda and Harry Macklowe Foundation (The Case Foundation) E-Z-GO, A Textron Company* Elizabeth and Whitney MacMillan Air China* Mr. Vincent R. Castro Farmers Insurance Mr. and Mrs. John W. Madigan Mr. and Mrs. Adam M. Albright (The CDM Group, Inc.) Federal Home Loan Mortgage (Madigan Family Foundation) Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Albright The Honorable Paul L. Cejas and Corporation Maharam* Mr. and Mrs. Clifford J. Alexander Mrs. Cejas (The Cejas Family Feinberg Foundation Margery and Edgar Masinter Stephen T. Alexieff Foundation, Inc.) Felicia Fund Inc. W. W. Maxey Alitalia Airlines* Central Tech* Mr. and Mrs. Michael Feng (William W. Maxey, Jr. Trust) Kathleen B. Allaire The Chaney Foundation Findlay-Freeman Fund Mr. William P. McClure Claudia R. Allen and Willis M. Allen, Jr. Drs. Amrik S. and Jaswinder K. Chattha Ella Fitzgerald Charitable Foundation Merrill Lynch & Company American Cocoa Research Institute ChevronTexaco Barbara G. Fleischman Foundation, Inc. The American Foundation Corp. The Chickasaw Nation Flight International* MetLife Foundation American General Citigroup, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph G. Fogg III Microsoft Corporation* The American Institute of Architects Clark Construction Group, LLC Mr. Fred R. Fonck Mr. Steven T. Mnuchin (The Steven American Ireland Fund Mr. A. James Clark (Clark Charitable June M. Fontanier and Heather Mnuchin Foundation) American Society for Artificial Foundation) Dr. Ella M. Foshay and Monterey Bay Sanctuary Foundation Internal Organs, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Richard S. Cohen Mr. Michael B. Rothfeld National Association of Realtors American Zoo & Aquarium Mr. and Mrs. Lester Colbert, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Jay W. Freedman National Education Association Association (AZA) Mr. Michael J. Collins (James M. Mr. Bradford M. Freeman National Geographic Society Analytical Graphics, Inc. Collins Foundation) Mr. Stanley E. Freimuth NOGGIN/The N (MTV Networks) Ms. Olga Anderson Committee of 100* Mr. and Mrs. Stephen J. Friedman Mrs. Carroll O’Connor (Carroll and Joan and Peter Andrews Con Edison (Stephen and Barbara Friedman Nancy O’Connor Foundation) Charles F. Appel and Lillian F. Appel Conservation International Foundation) Packard Humanities Institute Charitable Trust Covington & Burling Mr. Cary J. Frieze Mary and John Pappajohn Arts International Crate and Barrel The Dorothy Cate & Thomas F. Frist Paul Peck Ashton Potter Ltd. Crillon Importers Ltd. Foundation Craig Robins The Associated General Contractors Cuatrecasas Family Foundation Hope L. and John L. Furth Mrs. Abigail Rose (The Rum Fund) of America Cubic Corporation Shelby and Frederick Gans Dr. Evert I. Schlinger (The Schlinger Association of American The Nathan Cummings Foundation Gateway Casino Resorts, LLC Foundation) Publishers, Inc. Mr. Jeffrey P. Cunard Genentech, Inc. Seaworld San Antonio Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Mr. Frederick M. Danziger General Atlantic Partners, LLC The Gertrude E. Skelly Charitable Baker & Hostetler Peggy and Richard M. Danziger Genzyme Corporation Foundation Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. The Honorable Richard Darman The Honorable Sumner Gerard Mr. James C. Small and The Banks Association of Turkey Joan K. Davidson (Sumner Gerard Foundation) Mr. John A. Fry Elaine Dee Barker (The J. M. Kaplan Fund) Mr. and Mrs. Carl S. Gewirz Gloria and Franchon Smithson Battelle Mr. and Mrs. Carl B. Davis Gila River Indian Community Species 2000 Dr. Frederick M. Bayer Mr. and Mrs. Carlos M. de la Cruz Mr. and Mrs. Alfred C. Glassell, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas H. Stoner Ms. Susan Beningson Decade Lead Annuity Trust William T. Golden The Sulzberger Foundation, Inc. Mr. Harvey Bennett (Matthew Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Deichmiller Joseph and Barbara Goldenberg Mr. David M. Sundman and Mr. Bennett, Inc.) Dr. Marion Deshmukh and Goldman, Sachs & Co. Donald J. Sundman* Joan and Bert Berkley Dr. Ashok Deshmukh Mr. and Mrs. C. Michael Gooden T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Bermuda Connections SI Folklife Mr. and Mrs. Arun K. Deva Ms. Mariko O. Gordon Mr. Cuyler Taylor Festival Charitable Trust Kathryn and George A. 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Lawrence Gussman Bristol-Myers Squibb Company DynCorp International, a CSC Mr. James M. Guyette Mr. Eli Broad (The Eli and Edythe L. Company Mr. and Mrs. George W. Haldeman Broad Foundation) Mr. and Mrs. Farhad F. Ebrahimi (Margaret M. and George W. Larry and Shelly Brown (Ebrahimi Family Foundation) Haldeman Fund) Karen and Edward A. Burka Edison International Stephen and Jocelin Hamblett Uschi and Bill Butler EDO Corporation (The Robertson Foundation) Caja Madrid Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Eisner (The The Frederic C. Hamilton Family California Institute of Technology Eisner Foundation) Foundation California Teachers Association Electrolux Corporation Harvard University

* PARTIAL OR FULL GIFT IN-KIND gifts to the smithsonian 31 Mr. and Mrs. Michael R. Haverty Ms. Francine LeFrak Charn S. Nandra and Richard H. Robb and Rebecca E. Crown (Kansas City Southern) (The Samuel J. & Ethel LeFrak Surinder K. Nandra Sara Roby Foundation Healy Foundation Charitable Foundation) NASTO 2004 Rockwell Collins Mrs. Drue Heinz (Drue Heinz Trust) Margaret L. Lerner National Indian Gaming Association Rona and Richard Roob Betty and Norris Hekimian Aaron and Barbara Levine (The Spirit of Sovereignty Mr. and Mrs. Edward Rose Mrs. Richard Helms Liberty Mutual Insurance Company Foundation) Mr. and Mrs. Milton F. Rosenthal Mr. Brian C. McK. Henderson Ms. Deborah Ann Light The National Italian American Arthur Ross Foundation Herman Miller, Inc. The Link Foundation Foundation Elizabeth B. and Arthur E. Roswell Alexandra and Paul Herzan The Gordon F. Linke and Jocelyn P. National Japanese American Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Frederick D. Hill Linke Foundation Memorial Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Jon Rotenstreich (Jon & (Berry-Hill Galleries, Inc.) Mr. and Mrs. R. Robert Linowes National Postal Forum Susan Rotenstreich Foundation) Irene Y. Hirano (R. Robert and Ada H. Linowes Fund The Nature Conservancy Royal Air Maroc Berte and Alan Hirschfield of the Community Foundation for Nature’s Best Foundation Nancy and Clive Runnells Hobbs, Straus, Dean & Walker the National Capital Region) NBC 4/WRC-TV* Mrs. Arthur M. Sackler Hogan & Hartson Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Linton Nancy Brown Negley The Safer-Fearer Fund in The New Holland & Knight LLP Liz Claiborne Inc. New World Systems York Community Trust Honda North America Loews Foundation* Dr. Van-Thanh Nguyen Dr. H. Sahota Honeywell Mr. and Mrs. Thomas L. Long Mr. Nirmal Nilvi The St. Regis, Washington, D.C.* Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office* Mr. and Mrs. Jon Lovelace Nonprofit Finance Fund John and Virginia Sall Ray and Valerie Hopkins H. Christopher Luce Fund NOVA Gaming Drs. Satwant and Rajbir Samra Mr. Eric R. Horowitz Mr. and Mrs. Alan H. Lund Oklahoma Department of Drs. Harvinder S. and Sonia K. Sandhu Mr. and Mrs. Raymond J. Horowitz Ms. Kathy E. Lyon Transportation* Lieutenant Colonel Joseph R. Wolfgang Hültner Ms. Barbara M. Macknick Ms. Mildred S. Onion Santa Barbara George and Leslie Hume Dr. Hugh M. Mainzer Janice C. and Roger B. Oresman Savage Companies, Inc. Idaho Power Company Richard and Jane Manoogian Organization for Tropical Studies Dr. and Mrs. Rolf G. Scherman Kathleen M. Ilyin Foundation Mr. and Mrs. David M. Osnos Mr. Ben Scotti Industrial Fabrics Foundation MAPI Values Mr. and Mrs. Mandell J. Ourisman Drs. Jagjit, Parkash and Pauljeet International Association for Marpat Foundation, Inc. The Overbrook Foundation Sehdeva Women’s Mental Health Linda A. Mars Mr. and Mrs. Donald E. Owen Selz Foundation, Inc. Istituto Italiano di Cultura* Ms. Mary Martell and Mr. Paul Johnson The David and Lucile Packard The Shared Earth Foundation Mr. Edward L. Jalbert (Ned Jalbert Martha Stewart Living Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Paul Shatz Interior Design) Mr. Kevin Martin and Jene E. Pankow (Paul M. Shatz & Deane L. Shatz Robert L. and Anne K. James Ms. Nancee Kumpfmiller Mr. and Mrs. Frank H. Pearl Charitable Foundation) Mr. and Mrs. William H. John Mr. and Mrs. Frank Martucci (Pearl Family Fund) Ms. Eiko Shimizu The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Mr. James Marx Pentagram Design, Inc. The Shops at 2000 Penn Sheila Crump Johnson Masterfoods USA (Mars Incorporated) Embassy of the People’s Republic Drs. Baljit S. and Jatinder K. Sidhu Ms. Shirley Z. Johnson and Ms. Sandy Masur of China Sidley Austin Brown & Wood LLP Mr. Charles Rumph Gary Edward McCord and Family PEPCO Mr. Herbert J. Siegel (Ann L. and Jones Day Foundation Dr. John P. McGovern (McGovern PepsiCo, Inc. Herbert J. Siegel Philanthropic Fund) Conway Jones Foundation) Mr. and Mrs. Gerald Peters David & Lyn Silfen Foundation Ms. Katharine Cox Jones Mr. and Mrs. Kevin McGovern Pfizer Inc Mr. Stephen Simon (Esther Simon Max Kade Foundation, Inc. McKinsey & Company, Inc. PharmaNet, Inc. Charitable Trust) The Fannie and Stephen Kahn Medicine-on-Time The Pinkerton Foundation The Simons Foundation Charitable Foundation Mr. Richard Meier (The Richard Meier Ms. Bonnie L. Pitman Sippican, Inc. Karen Harvey Consulting Group Foundation) Polshek Partnership Architects Mr. and Mrs. Albert H. Small The Katzenberger Foundation, Inc. Mr. James R. Mellor (Mellor Family Mr. and Mrs. William A. Potter Mr. Richard M. Smith (Newsweek, Inc.) Ms. Shelley Kay Foundation) Stephen and Benita Potters Smithfield Foods, Inc. Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. Lorraine Mensing PPG Aerospace, PRC-DeSoto Society of Forensic Toxicologists Charles Lawrence Keith & Clara Miller Michael and Marilyn Mennello International, Inc.* Sodak Gaming Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Mercy, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Anco L. Prak Mr. and Mrs. Michael R. Sonnenreich The David Woods Kemper Memorial Ms. Elizabeth E. Meyer (The Island Fund) Preston Gates & Ellis LLP Sonosky, Chambers, Sachse, Foundation Mrs. Charles A. Miller Dr. Jerold J. Principato (Jerold J. and Endreson & Perry, LLP Manjit S. and Kirandeep Khara Constance and J. Sanford Miller Marjorie N. Principato Foundation) Ms. Kate Spade (kate spade, L.L.C.) Mr. Hassan Khosrowshahi Miniature Painters, Sculptors & Prudential Financial Dr. Harry Wayne Springfield (Wesbild, Inc.) Gravers Society of Washington, D.C. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Stanley Purvinis Rodney M. Stair Kiehl’s Since 1851, Inc. (L’Oreal SA) Ministry of Culture of Spain Quapaw Tribe Station Casinos, Inc. Ann and Gilbert H. Kinney Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians Mr. and Mrs. Frank J. Quirk Fred L. and Ruth B. Steele Mr. Fred M. Kirby II (F. M. Kirby Mr. George Mitchell Mrs. Lois S. Raphling (Sylvia and Mr. Stanford C. Stoddard (Michigan Foundation) Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Moore Alexander Hassan Family Trust Bank) Robert L. Kirk Mr. Arthur H. Morowitz (Champion Foundation) Carole L. Stovner Michael and Jeanne Klein Stamps Company, Inc.) Francis H. Rasmus, Jr. Alan & Katherine Stroock Fund Dr. and Mrs. Brijinder S. Kochhar John M. Morss Leighton and Carol Read Sutherland, Asbill & Brennan LLP The Korea Foundation Mr. Murray Moss The Reed Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Kelso F. Sutton (Kelso F. Mr. and Mrs. Robert Krissel Muldoon Murphy & Faucette LLP Mr. and Mrs. Philip D. Reed, Jr. and Joanna L. Sutton Fund) L-3 Communications Corporation Mr. Henry R. Muñoz III (Kell Muñoz Catherine B. Reynolds Foundation Mrs. Rachel A. Syslo Mr. Thomas H. Lee and Ms. Ann Architects, Inc.) Rhum Barbancourt Mr. Mitsuru Tajima, London Gallery, Tenenbaum The Museum of Russian Art Mr. Jim Richman (Richman Family Tokyo Museum of Science, Boston Foundation) Mr. Charles J. Tanenbaum Musical Weekend

32 invest Mr. and Mrs. James C. Taylor $5,000 or more Ms. Allison Stacey Cowles and Hilton Hotels Corporation* Tech Data Corporation Anonymous Mr. Arthur Sulzberger David and Ursula Hinson Third Wave Digital* @radical media, inc. Creation Chamber, Inc.* Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Horning, Jr. Dr. and Mrs. F. Christian Thompson The Acorn Foundation Dorothy Williams Culver Ms. Deborah M. House Tisch Foundation, Inc. Ak-Chin Him Dak D & M General Contracting Howat Family Foundation (John and Toyota Mr. Syed Salem Albukhary Dr. Satpal S. Dang and Anne Howat) Transcontinental Alcan Aluminum, Ltd. Dr. Komal K. Dang Hunton & Williams Trellis Fund All Nippon Airways Co., Ltd.* Mr. and Mrs. Mohinder Singh Datta IBM Corporation Trust for Mutual Understanding Charmay B. Allred Dr. and Mrs. Prabhjot S. Deol Innodata Isogen, Inc. Rev. Dr. Joseph Howard Tucker, American Airlines* Ms. Victoria K. DePalma International Society of Transport Archbishop USA, Senior Pastor American Heart Association Mr. Maison Henri Deschamps Aircraft Trading Foundation Turkish Cultural Foundation Antique Tribal Art Dealers Peter DeSoto Dr. and Mrs. James H. Jackson Twentieth Century Fox Film Association (ATADA) Mrs. Douglas Dillon (The Dillon Fund) Suzanne Denbo Jaffe Corporation Ajit Arora, M.D. Mr. and Mrs. George C. Dillon Japan Commerce Association of Ms. Marjorie Underhill Art Alliance for Contemporary Glass dmGateway, Inc. (Lee Epstein) Washington, D.C. Unico Banking Group Asian Cultural Council, Inc. Donald Ellis Gallery, Ltd. Mrs. Indu Jindia Ms. Esme Usdan and Mr. James Snyder Association of Pakistani Physicians Dr. and Mrs. Strachan Donnelley Kaiser Foundation Health Plan Inc. US-Mexico Fund for Culture Mr. and Mrs. Charles N. Atkins Mr. and Mrs. Dale F. Dorn (Joseph H. Dona S. and Dwight M. Kendall USM Modular Furniture Ms. Elizabeth Ballantine Thompson Fund) Mr. and Mrs. Norman V. Kinsey USTrust Technology and Support Samuel and Ethel Ballen Dorsey & Whitney LLP Lt. Col. William K. and Services, Inc. Ms. Elizabeth Barber Mrs. Betty B. Doss Mrs. Alice S. Konze The Vanguard Group, Inc. Mrs. Leah Barnett Michael and Juanita Eagle Korea Times Washington D.C., Inc. Verizon Communications Mr. Balbir S. Basi Dean S. Edmonds Foundation The Kresge Foundation Ms. Lillian M. Vernon (Lillian Vernon (The Basi Family Trust) Mr. and Mrs. Joel S. Ehrenkranz Dr. Francesca Kress (Francesca Kress Foundation) Jagdish, Guriqbal, Heera and (Ehrenkranz Family Foundation) Foundation) Lella and Massimo Vignelli Amar Iqbal Basi Mr. James A. Elkins, Jr. Dr. Victor and Ada Kugajevsky Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Dr. Manraj Bath Ms. Martha Feltenstein Mrs. Emily Fisher Landau Raymond and Helen M. Waite Bedell Cellars* Clinton and Elaine Fields Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Stuart Lane Mallory and Diana Walker Mr. and Mrs. David E. Behring Mr. and Mrs. David Fields Latin American Youth Center Mr. Michael Walsh Catherine and Ralph Benkaim Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Les and Janice Lederer The Washington Metropolitan Area Jane and Raphael Garrett & Dunner, L.L.P. Abby and Alan D. Levy Transit Authority* Bernstein/Parnassus Foundation Dr. J. L. Foght Mr. and Mrs. J. Thomas Lewis The Washington Post Company Count and Countess Peder Bonde Mrs. Daniel Fraad Mr. and Mrs. Brian S. Leyden Watergate Hotel* Mr. Timothy J. Bork Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. Frankel Ellen Liman (Liman Foundation) Waterworks Capt. Richard C. Bouska (Charles & Diane Frankel Tommy and Gill LiPuma James D. Watson Family Foundation Ms. Patricia A. Bradley Philanthropic Fund) Little Traverse Bay Bands of James S. Waugh Sharon Brewster Mr. James Freeman Odawa Indians Mr. Paul E. Wellington Mr. and Mrs. Jere Broh-Kahn Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Dr. Mary Caroline Becker Long Wenner-Gren Foundation for Brookings Institution Jacobson Fund, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Meredith J. Long Anthropological Research Ms. Debbie Baker Brookshire Mr. J. B. Fuqua Mr. and Mrs. Surendrapa S. Mac WestWind Foundation Elizabeth Broun Gardner Carton and Douglas LLP Dr. and Mrs. B.S. Mahal Howard Wilkins, Jr. Mr. Willard W. Brown, Jr. George Little Management, LLC Mr. and Mrs. Peter L. Malkin Mr. and Mrs. Norman C. Willcox Mr. and Mrs. Gerald E. Buck George Washington University Mr. and Mrs. Joel Mallin (Sherry and Robert M. Williams Mrs. Alice Green Burnette Mr. and Mrs. Gordon P. Getty (Ann & Joel Mallin Family Foundation) Mr. Eli Wilner (Eli Wilner & Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, L.P. Gordon Getty Foundation) Sherrill Rigot Marks Company, Inc.) Capital One Mr. Milton Glaser (Milton and Shirley Mr. and Mrs. Robin B. Martin Edgar Wilson Charitable Trust Christopher Capuano Glaser Foundation) Bruce and Jolene McCaw The Winslow Foundation Jean A. Ceant and Natasha Sylvain Global Canopy Programme William M. 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* PARTIAL OR FULL GIFT IN-KIND gifts to the smithsonian 33 Native American Rights Fund Dr. and Mrs. Robert C. Seamans, Jr. Ms. Annette J. White The Camp-Younts Foundation Mr. Sarab Neelam Sean O’Connor Associates Lighting Mr. Richard T. Whitney (The Richard The Honorable Paul Carlin Mrs. Eleanor Niebell Consultants and Karen Whitney Charitable Fund) Mrs. Jane Chace Carroll (Point Robert and Nancy Nooter Ms. Ruth O. Selig Nancy Wilks Gammon Foundation) Ms. Marilyn Norris Seminole Tribe of Florida Mr. Robert Willasch Ms. Lily Marie Carter ORC Macro Mr. Shelby Shapiro Mr. and Mrs. Wesley S. Williams, Jr. Caterpillar Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Gurnam Singh Pannu Mr. and Mrs. James Shinn Ms. Estelle R. Wolf Catto Charitable Foundation Mr. Sardul S. Pannu Signature Hospitality Group LLC Ellen and Bernard Young Vint and Sigrid Cerf Peace X Peace Drs. Kamla and Piara Singh Mr. Fred M. Young, Jr. Drs. Geetinder Kaur Chattha and Mr. Terry R. 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Ellis, Jr. Aramco) Mr. Edward O. Wayson, Jr., Esq. Carolyn Schwenker Brody Mr. and Mrs. Richard England Ms. Diane Schafer and Dr. Jeffrey Ellen Bayard Weedon Foundation Arthur Brooke Environmental Leadership Center of Stein (The Lucy Foundation) Mr. Warren B. Weeks, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. W. P. Buckthal Warren Wilson College Ms. Dolores Schapiro The Honorable and Mrs. Frank Weil Mr. Robert F. Bulens Environmental Leadership Program Schieffelin & Somerset Co.* (Hickrill Foundation) Mr. W. Clark Bunting Ms. Sara Epstein Mr. Anthony H. N. Schnelling Mr. and Mrs. Guy Weill Mr. and Mrs. I. Townsend Burden III Mr. David E. Failor Mr. and Mrs. Alan E. Schwartz Ms. Ilene T. Weinreich and Mr. David Mr. and Mrs. Paul Burman Carol J. Feinberg (Nate S. & Ruth B. Shapero Byron Smith, Jr. Dr. Irving F. Burton Mrs. Hortense F. Feldblum Foundation) Mr. and Mrs. Murray W. Weiss Mr. Carter Cafritz (The Finkelstein Foundation) Seymour I. Schwartz, M.D. Mrs. Franc Wertheimer Mr. Conrad Cafritz (Conrad Cafritz Mr. Ronald Fletcher (The Fletcher Charitable Trust) Family Foundation)

34 invest Dr. and Mrs. Oliver S. Flint, Jr. Kass & Berger Family Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Walter F. Mondale Karol K. Rodriguez Mr. Joseph A. Forant Sheldon and Audrey Katz Mondriaan Foundation Robert Roehm III Ms. Marinella Formenti Mr. George Kaufman Dr. and Mrs. Roscoe M. Moore, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin M. Rosen Bonnie E. Fought and Dr. and Mrs. Clinton W. Kelly III Dr. and Mrs. Marvin Mordes Mr. and Mrs. Aubrey A. Rothrock III Jonathan F. Garber Ms. Marie-Louise Kennedy Gino and Jean Cavalieri Mori Ms. Lauren Rottet Mr. and Mrs. Eric Potts Fraunfelter Ms. Shirley Strum Kenny Dr. Douglas W. Morrison Mr. James Rowe and Ms. Lisa Adams Ms. Karen Frazier Wendy Keys and Donald Pels Mr. and Mrs. Seymour Moskowitz Donald and Shelley Rubin Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Friedlander Mr. and Mrs. Daljit S. Khara Mr. Fables Wildlife John and Joy Safer Dr. David G. Furth Nand Khemka and Conservation Fund Ms. Sheri Cyd Sandler Mr. and Mrs. Narinder Singh Gahunia Princess Jeet Nabha Khemka Mr. and Mrs. James Mrazek S. H. and Helen R. Scheuer Family Courtney Knight Gaines Ms. Kimberly V. Kimball (Frost and Noble Foundation) Foundation Foundation, Inc. Mr. James V. Kimsey The Donald R. Mullen Family Mr. and Mrs. Abbott K. Schlain Mr. and Mrs. Warren B. Galkin Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey P. Klein Foundation, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Richard T. Schlosberg III Henrietta Gates and Heaton Robertson Mr. and Ms. John Klingenstein Mr. Thomas D. Mullins Mr. and Mrs. Douglas A. Schubot Mr. and Ms. Richard Gilbert Mr. and Mrs. Richard Klinkner Ms. Jane Musick Carl S. Schultz Mr. Inderjit Gill K-Lo Construction, Inc. Ms. Lisa Myers Mr. and Mrs. Michael Schwartz Mr. Philip H. Goldentyer Mr. A. Eugene Kohn (Kohn Pederson NAMSB Foundation, Inc. Scott Publishing Company, Inc. Dr. Margaret A. Goodman Fox Associates P.C.) Mr. Allen Naranjo Security Storage Company Mr. Thomas A. 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Lopez (The Orentreich Family Foundation) Dr. John Stephens Mrs. Carolina Herrera Louis Stern Fine Arts Pace Primitive Mrs. Joan Sterne Hickory Foundation Mr. Eugene and Dr. Carol Ludwig Mr. Marc Pachter Mr. Emmett E. Stobbs, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Gene Hill Mr. and Mrs. James E. Lyons (Rowman Susan L. Parker Mr. and Mrs. William C. Storey Mrs. Olga Hirshhorn (Olga & Joseph & Littlefield Publishing Group) Ms. Suzanne M. Paulsen Ms. Mary-Anne Stoutsenberger H. Hirshhorn Foundation, Inc.) Sondra and David S. Mack H.O. Peet Foundation Ken Strafer Mr. and Mrs. Steven G. Hoch Mrs. Jean B. Mahoney Mr. and Mrs. James E. Pehta Roy T. Strainge, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Keith Hoffman Jasbir S. Makar, M.D. Li Chung Pei Mr. and Mrs. Allan Stypeck Ms. F. Lynn Holec Mr. Sam Malamud (Ideal Stamp Co.) Dr. Willo Pequegnat Judith Suchoski Robert A. Hoover The Honorable and Mr. John C. Perkins Mrs. Carroll W. Suggs Mr. and Mrs. Stephen A. Hopkins Mrs. Frederic V. Malek Ms. Susan Berla Perry Sandra L. Sully Ms. Nettie Horne Ms. Claudine B. Malone Ms. Beverly A. Pierce The Sunshine Group, Ltd. Hospitality Partners Malott Family Foundation W. Jay Plank Mr. William R. Sweeney, Jr. Sir Joseph Hotung Mr. and Mrs. John B. Mannes Michael Poirier Josephine Tait Mr. and Mrs. Timothy Howard Kevin Manzel Sylvia T. Pope and Family Mr. William M. Takis Robert M. Howe Mr. Richard C. Marcus Mr. James E. Preston (The James E. Mr. and Mrs. Harold Tanner Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Howe Maryland Ornithological Society Inc. and Faye L. Preston Fund) Dr. and Mrs. Morad Tavallali (The Howe Foundation) Massachusetts Institute of Technology Mrs. Charles Price Dr. Elizabeth ten Grotenhuis and Ms. Deborah Howell Dr. and Mrs. Wayne N. Mathis Mr. James D. Price (Fieldland Dr. Merton C. Flemings Mr. and Mrs. Paul C. Hsu Amy McCombs Investment Company) Dr. Robert Farris Thompson ILEX Foundation Nan Tucker McEvoy Prospect Waterproofing Sir John Thomson and Lady Thomson Thomas D. and Elizabeth F. Jones Mr. Raymond J. McGuire Patrick and Rosalinda Raher Mr. and Mrs. Adam Tihany Embassy of the Hashemite Kingdom Dr. J. W. McKibben Walter F. Ramseur Time Warner Foundation of Jordan Ms. Tomasita Medal Mr. Robert Rea Peter and Lynn Tishman Fund, Inc. Ms. Becky Judson Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert Meister Ms. Martha S. Reed (Harold W. Barbara and Donald Tober Foundation Michele and Thomas Graham Kahn Robert & Joyce Menschel Foundation Sweatt Foundation) Mr. Richard Tomasetti (Thornton- Philanthropic Fund Mr. Richard M. Merriman Ms. Sanae Iida Reeves Tomasetti Group, Inc.) Mr. David Kamran Mr. and Mrs. Todd W. Michael Edward and Nancy Rice Reverend John F. Torrence Dr. Hemant Kanakia and Diane and Kenneth Miller Miss Elizabeth Candida Ridout The Honorable Alexander B. Dr. Sonalde B. Desai Ms. Debbie Millman Arleen B. Rifkind, M.D. Trowbridge, Jr. and Dr. and Mrs. Steven Kariya Mr. Ezra Mintz Mr. Leslie E. Robertson Mrs. Trowbridge

* PARTIAL OR FULL GIFT IN-KIND gifts to the smithsonian 35 Mr. Kenneth R. Trapp SMITHSONIAN New York Association for Ranvir and Adarsh Trehan CORPORATE MEMBERS New Americans, Inc. Mrs. Helen Brice Trenckmann Northrop Grumman Corporation Truland Walker Seal Joint Venture Corporate memberships provide Omni Shoreham Lillian Scheffres Turner important unrestricted support to Ostriker von Simson, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Semih Ustun Smithsonian education, research, PEPCO Mr. and Mrs. Alvin M. Valentine and exhibition initiatives. Pfizer Inc Mr. and Mrs. Albert G. Van Metre Quintiles Transnational Corp. Ms. Barbara Vanhanken 3M R. M. Smythe & Co., Inc. Velsor Properties, LLC The Alpha Workshops, Inc. Raytheon Company Esther L. Voorsanger Altria Group, Inc. S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Voyager Foundation, Inc. American Express Company The Security Traders Association Drs. Steven and Barjesh Walters American International Group, Inc. of N.Y., Inc. Dr. Henry T. Wang and American Society of Hypertension, Inc. Siemens Corporation Mrs. Margaret M. Wang APICO, LLC Sony Corporation of America Glenn W. Ward Aventis Pharmaceuticals US Sprint Corporation The Honorable and Mrs. Walter E. Bloomberg Teachers Insurance & Annuity Washington Booz Allen Hamilton, Inc. Association Carol Welti BP p.l.c. Texas Instruments Incorporated Western Cardiothoracic Surgical Capital One Time Warner Inc. Associates, Inc. Carlyle Group The Tokyo Electric Power Company, Inc. Thea Westreich/Ethan Wagner CH2M Hill Companies, Ltd. Trevor Day School Ms. Leslie A. Wheelock Charles Schwab Corporation UBS The Whitehead Foundation ChevronTexaco Velsor Properties, LLC Paula McCaskill Whitehouse and Christie’s Verizon Communications Michael Whitehouse Citicorp Foundation The Walt Disney Company Mr. and Mrs. Leonard A. Wien Citigroup, Inc. Whole Foods Market The Wild Salmon Center Clark Construction Group, LLC Xerox Corporation Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Wilder The Coca-Cola Company Young Presidents’ Organization Ms. Nancy F. Wilson Con Edison (Irving, TX) Diane Wolf ConocoPhillips World Publications, Inc. DaimlerChrysler Corporation Mr. Melvin Wright Deutsche Bank Mr. Mark E. Yashinsky Dewey Ballantine LLP Laurie and David Ying Dupont Mr. John J. Ziolkowski EU Services ExxonMobil Fannie Mae Fidelity Investments The Financial Services Roundtable Ford Motor Company Fund Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson Fund, Inc. Fujifilm General Electric Company Goldman, Sachs & Co. IBM Corporation Incentive Travel International Paper Johnson & Johnson JPMorgan Chase & Co. Kansas City Southern Kirkland & Ellis LLP KPMG LLP Levi Strauss & Company Liz Claiborne Inc. Lyondell Chemical Company Masterfoods USA (Mars Incorporated) Merrill Lynch & Company Foundation, Inc. MJM The Moody Foundation Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP Morrison & Foerster LLP MTS S.p.A. National Cable & Telecommunications Association

36 invest Contributing Membership

In 2004, the Contributing Membership, the dedicated JAMES SMITHSON SOCIETY, The Ruth and Vernon Taylor THE CONTRIBUTING Foundation family of worldwide Smithsonian supporters, grew MEMBERSHIP Mrs. Donald M. Thompson 80,000 Mr. and Mrs. George A. Weiss to a record households with addresses in nearly James Smithson Society members Betty Rhoads Wright† every state in the union and many other countries. share a deep commitment to the Mr. Henri Zimand dynamic unfolding of James Smithson’s The Smithsonian is greatly appreciative of the generosity vision. The Society’s dues and special Council Members of Contributing Members, whose annual dues and special gifts provide unrestricted support for $5,000 or more pan-institutional research, exhibitions, Anonymous (5) gifts totaled nearly $13 million in unrestricted funding, and educational programs. David A. and Mary Ann H. Cofrin† Claudia R. Allen and Willis M. Allen, Jr.^ which is critical to the Institution’s ability to innovate † James Smithson Society Sustaining Mr. Michael D. Bielucki† and develop new programs. Contributing Members are Fellows — members who have given a Barbara and James Block† cumulative total of $25,000 or more Mr. James Boyd among the first to visit new Smithsonian attractions through the Contributing Membership Carter and Melissa Cafritz and/or the James Smithson Society. Charitable Trust and have access to a wealth of behind-the-scenes Mr. John R. Cochran III information about the Institution. Loyal and supportive, ^ Smithsonian National Board member Mr. and Mrs. Donald A. Cotton Ms. Allison Stacey Cowles and Contributing Members enjoy a deep and special Guild Members Mr. Arthur Sulzberger^ relationship with America’s museum. $10,000 or more Mrs. T. Richard Crocker† Anonymous Dr. and Mrs. Worth B. Daniels, Jr.† The Jean Axelrod Memorial Akram and Lourdes Elias Foundation† Mr. James A. Elkins, Jr.† Hacker and Kitty Caldwell^ The Honorable William H. Frist, M.D. Mr. and Mrs. Richard O. Campbell^ Ms. Marion E. Greene† Jean Case^ Stephen and Jocelin Hamblett The Honorable Paul L. Cejas and (The Robertson Foundation)^ Mrs. Cejas (The Cejas Family Mr. John E. Herzog^ Foundation, Inc.)^ Mr. and Mrs. Stephen A. Hopkins Below Richard and Vivian McCrary (top) and James and Barbara Block Dr. Thomas A. Cellucci Ms. Shelley Kay† (bottom) attended the James Smithson Society reception celebrating the new Julia and Frank Daniels, Jr.^ Dr. and Mrs. William M. Layson National Museum of the American Indian. Kathryn and George A. Didden III^ Ms. May Liang and Mr. James Lintott Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Eisner The Lunder Foundation^ (The Eisner Foundation)^ Ms. Mary Martell and Bradford M. Freeman^ Mr. Paul Johnson† Mr. Cary J. Frieze and Mrs. Rose Frieze† Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. McCrary Mr. and Mrs. Carl S. Gewirz Mr. and Mrs. Michael A. Moran† Mr. and Mrs. Alfred C. Glassell, Jr.^ Anne Murray Morgan^ The Frederic C. Hamilton Family Nancy Brown Negley^ Foundation^ Mr. Russell E. Palmer Mr. and Mrs. Michael R. Haverty Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. Poor† (Kansas City Southern)^ Mr. and Mrs. Philip D. Reed, Jr.† Irene Y. Hirano^ Edward and Nancy Rice Mr. Laurence Hirsch Francis C. Rooney, Jr. Frank and Lisina Hoch^ Ms. Susan Scanlan Ruth S. and William A. Holmberg^ Mrs. Helen B. Spaulding^ Nancy and Richard Kinder, Kinder Mr. and Mrs. Alan G. Spoon Foundation^ Dee M. Studler and Ronald Mund Marguerite and Gerry Lenfest^ Harriet and Norman Wymbs† Elizabeth and Whitney MacMillan^ Ellen and Bernard Young† Mr. and Mrs. John W. Madigan Ms. Nina Zolt and Mr. Miles Gilburne (Madigan Family Foundation)^ John and Adrienne Mars^ Circle Members Margery and Edgar Masinter^ $3,500 or more Mr. and Mrs. Augustus C. Miller^ Anonymous (4) Mr. and Mrs. Furman C. Moseley, Jr.^ Warren Ross Anderson Mary Ourisman^ Mr. and Mrs. William S. Anderson S. Davis Phillips^ (William S. and Janice R. Anderson Thomas F. Pyle, Jr.^ Fund) Mr. and Mrs. Ronald Rosenfeld Robert S. and Dawn M. Birmingham David and Lyn Silfen Foundation^ James E. Borleis Sandra and Lawrence Small Donald W. Carl Mr. and Mrs. Kelso F. Sutton (Kelso F. Dr. Karen Daigle and and Joanna L. Sutton Fund)^ Bill and Anita Danner Jeff and Patsy Tarr Mr. and Mrs. Alfred C. Dobbs, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. James C. Taylor^ Mr. and Mrs. Richard England

gifts to the smithsonian 37 Mr. Donald E. Giffen Mr. and Mrs. Francis H. Cabot Mrs. Gloria Shaw Hamilton Dr. Marie L. Michelson and Miss Joanne T. Greenspun Phyllis H. Carey Lyle and Barbara Hansen Colonel James Beattie† Dr. and Mrs. Thomas P. Guerin Mr. Dick Carter Helen Leale Harper, Jr.† Mr. and Mrs. Dennis and Patricia Miller Ms. Virginia Hamister Mae Casner Mr. and Mrs. John T. Harper Mr. Paul F. Miller, Jr. and Mr. William R. Hoover Dr. William H. Casson Ms. Pamela Harrison Ella Warren Miller David and Pat Jernigan Mr. D. Chadwick† Mrs. Parker T. Hart† Marie E. Minnich Mr. and Mrs. Norman V. Kinsey Jonathan L. Chang Max E. and Marguerite E. Hartl† Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Moore^ Ms. Canice Kelly Levin Ms. Li Chu Mr. Paul W. Hartloff, Jr.† Mrs. Ann K. Morales Mr. Frederick P. Mascioli Ms. Virginia B. Clark and Dr. and Mrs. Herbert A. Hartman, Jr. Lester S. and Enid W. Morse Mr. Richard P. Nespola, Jr. Mr. Lane Taylor Chatten Hayes Mr. Robert E. Mortensen Ms. Nancy F. O’Connor Mrs. Kay L. Clausen† Ms. Mona L. Hayford Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth F. Mountcastle† Mr. and Mrs. James L. Persing Mr. and Mrs. J. Donald Cline Mr. and Mrs. David R. Heebner† Dr. Gary L. Mueller and Jane Plimpton Plakias Mr. Bruce E. Cobern Catherine W. Herman Dr. Carolyn R. Mueller Mr. and Mrs. Norval L. Rasmussen Melvin S. and Ryna G. Cohen† Paul Hertelendy^ Dr. J. Andrew Mulholland E. G. Reinsch Foundation Neil and Marcella Cohen I. Michael Heyman† Drs. James Mulshine† Ms. Nancy J. Robertson and Lori Cooke-Marra† Gloria Hidalgo† Mr. and Mrs. Don C. Musick Mr. Mark N. Cookingham Richard P. Cooley Nancy Lee Hindman Mr. David M. Newby Mr. and Mrs. Howard W. Rosser Mr. and Mrs. Donald N. Coupard Nancy A. Hoffmann† Dr. Morris Newman† Edward H. Sachtleben Patrisha C. Creevy, PAC Ms. F. Lynn Holec Mr. and Mrs. Merlin G. Nygren William A. and Heather W. Schoenborn Gretchen Smith Crow† Mr. and Mrs. Wallace F. Holladay† Mr. Robert K. Oaks† Charles Siegel Mr. and Mrs. Howard Daschbach Ms. Vicki Howard Ms. Nancy F. O’Connor Mrs. K. B. Simonds Mr. Chris Davidson Nora Hsu and Barry C. Davis Mr. Michael D. O’Dell and Mr. and Mrs. Robert F. H. Sisson Mrs. D. S. Davidson Ms. Carol M. Huber Ms. Judith Grass Sandra L. Sully Mr. and Mrs. Arthur F. Dellheim Mr. and Mrs. David Hugel William and Jean O’Neill† Dr. M. C. Vincent Mrs. and Mrs. Bernard G. Dennis, Jr. Ms. Jerry J. Humes† Mr. William M. Ostapenko Mr. and Mrs. Wesley S. Williams, Jr. Geert M. DePrest and Mrs. Peter D. Humleker, Jr.† Ms. Cheryl Owen Laura Travis-DePrest Mr. Joshua Icore Mr. and Mrs. Steven Paes Benefactor Members Mr. Richard Ditton John B. Ippolito and Mr. Robert S. Parker $2,000 or more Ralph and Patricia Dixon† Diane M. Laird-Ippolito† John L. Peterson† Anonymous (40) Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell Dolin Kenneth L. Jordan† Kirsten Peterson Johansen and Mr. Lucian Abernathy James and Barbara Donnell† Mr. and Mrs. Arthur L. Jung, Jr. John Johansen Mr. and Mrs. Laurence Adams Dr. and Mrs. William H.L. Dornette Sheldon and Audrey Katz Mr. Irving S. Phillips† Dr. and Mrs. Samuel Webster Adams† Drs. George and Marie Doyle Jack Kay† Mr. John Pitts, Sr. Mr. Terry L. Albertson and Mr. and Mrs. LeRoy Eakin, III† Dr. Rebecca Kenyon Mr. and Mrs. Gregory B. Primm Ms. Kathleen A. Blackburn The Echo Foundation Clark H. and Mary Jane Kilhefner Mr. William Raduchel Mr. and Mrs. Lambert E. Althaver Miss Babs Eisman† Mr. Christopher Kinsey Mr. and Mrs. Michael F. Reagan† Dr. and Mrs. Bryan Arling† Mr. Raymond C. Ellis, Jr.† Ira and Joanne Kirshbaum Ivy and Stanley Relkin Mr. and Mrs. Donald G. Avery Charles and Sylvia Erhart Susan L. Klaus Commander and Mrs. Lloyd L. Reynolds Steven and LaRae Bakerink Colonel Charles O. Eshelman† Steve and Cindy Klevickis Mrs. Carlyn Ring† Helen S. and Merrill L. Bank Dr. and Mrs. John Esswein† Mrs. Elizabeth Gelman Kossow† Toni A. Ritzenberg Foundation, Inc. Dorothy Eweson† Mrs. James Spencer Lacock† Miss Jean Roberts† Janine F. Barre† Mr. and Mrs. John A. Farrall Judge Marion Ladwig† Toni and Arthur Rock Elizabeth V. Barrer Christine R. Faser Dr. Emanuel Landau and Mr. and Mrs. Frank K. Ross Rhoda and Jordan Baruch† Mrs. Mary Jane Fisher† Mrs. Davetta Landau† Yvonne Roth Michael and Tootie Beeman† David A. Fleming, M.D. Mr. James H. Landers, Jr. Maryà Rowan† Mr. and Mrs. James M. Beggs† Ms. Sonia Florian Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Lando Ms. Linda Cushman Ruth Mr. and Mrs. Jason R. Beresford Mary and Henry Flynt† Mrs. Stephens J. Lange† Ms. Marguerite W. Sallee Mrs. Pegi W. Bernard Mr. John B. Ford III† Janet E. Lanman Mr. Albert Sbar† Mr. and Mrs. David L. Bernstein Mr. and Mrs. Richard A. Foster James H. and Constance A. Levi James H. and Emily Malino Scheuer Craig and Susan Berrington Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Fox Del and Joan Lewis Mr. and Mrs. Douglas R. Scheumann Dr. F. T. Billings Mr. and Mrs. Eric Potts Fraunfelter Ms. Susan Lindemuth Ms. Renae Schmidt† The Honorable Robert O. Blake and Mr. Stephen Friedman Ms. Mary T. Lott† Mr. Tom Schueck Mrs. Blake† Virginia McGehee Friend† Frank J. Lukowski Mrs. David M. Shapiro Mr. John H. Blazek Mr. and Mrs. David Morgan Frost Mr. Sanford D. Lyons Mrs. Selma R. Shapiro George and Bonnie Bogumill† Ms. Charlotte Frye Ms. Evamarie Malsch Professor and Mrs. Robert and Mr. William M. Bomar† Mr. and Mrs. L. J. Futchik Mr. George R. Marion Gwyndolynn Sharp Mrs. Howard M. Booth† Mr. Thomas P. Gage Mr. and Mrs. Forrest E. Mars, Jr.† Mr. and Mrs. Paul M. Shatz† Mr. Bennett Boskey Mrs. Lois L. Gardiner† Virginia C. Mars† Winslow T. Shearman Jay Bowyer Michael and Susie Gelman† Major General Raymond E. Mason Jr. Mrs. Ross K. Shoolroy Dr. Mark S. Box Dr. and Mrs. Clarence G. Glenn and Margaret E. Mason Mr. Frank Shrontz† Ms. Annelise Brand Mr. and Mrs. T. Keith Glennan III† Wayne and Tina Mathews Mary Hudson Siciliano Mr. and Mrs. Stephen F. Brauer† Mr. Charles Goldsberry Mr. James I. McAuliff Mr. Andrew Silva Professor and Mrs. James Breckinridge Mr. and Mrs. Max Gonzenbach† Emmett and Miriam McCoy Mrs. Margaret R. Simpson Charles and Fleur Bresler Agnes M. Grady Clayton and Kathleen McCuistion Dr. Harvey C. Slocum, Jr. Dr. Karen Brock and Dr. Gil Brock Mrs. Mary J. Graves† Nan Tucker McEvoy^ Mr. and Mrs. Albert H. Small Harris Bruch Ms. Ruth C. Greenberg† Ms. Corenne McKinley Mr. Joseph C. Smith† Mr. J. Kevin Buchi and Colonel Owen L. Greenblatt Mr. and Mrs. John D. McLean† Robert D. Smith Dr. Kathleen M. Buchi Ms. Mary N. Guild† Mr. Richard McMurray General and Mrs W. Y. Smith, Mr. Robert F. Bulens† Bruce Guthrie Sue B. and Eugene Mercy, Jr. USAF, Retired Dr. and Mrs. Edwin W. Burnes† Corbin Gwaltney† Mr. Richard M. Merriman Gloria and Franchon Smithson Mrs. Helen N. Cabell Adele and Donald Hall Dr. Carol F. Meyer Guenther and Siewchin Yong Sommer

38 invest Irene Sorrough† SUSTAINING FELLOWS Mr. James Brendel Mr. Gilbert W. Glass Harriet and Edson Spencer Fund of IN THE CONTRIBUTING Arthur Brooke Mr. Irving P. Golden the Minneapolis Foundation† MEMBERSHIP Pulaski Broward, Jr. Mr. Charles Goldsberry Bernie E. Stadiem Mrs. James J. Brown Ms. Margaret K. Goldsmith Dr. Marjorie L. Stein Sustaining Fellows are recognized Mrs. Lorraine E. Brown Mrs. Renee Goodstein Mr. and Mrs. William C. Sterling, Jr.† for having given a cumulative total Mr. and Mrs. James H. Bruns Robert L. Gorham Shepard and Marlene Stone of $25,000 or more through the Mr. Warren F. Buxton, Ph.D., CDP Ms. Margaret J. Grasston Roy T. Strainge, Jr. Contributing Membership. Ms. Ernestine Calhoun Mrs. Phyllis M. Grasty Mrs. Richard Stratton† Mr. and Mrs. J. Otis Carroll Ralph Greenhouse Ms. Patricia S. Swaney† Anonymous (2) Michael W. Cassidy Mrs. Ruth Gresham Ms. Carolyn Swift Dr. Cesar A. Caceres Mr. Harry R. Charles, Jr. Lt. Col. and Mrs. Milton R. Gunther, Edwin F. and Roza Talbott Mrs. Alice Davis Ms. Mary Claire Christensen USAF (Ret) Joseph M. Tessmer Mr. Phillip S. Hughes LCDR Page B. Clagett, USNR (Ret.) Valerie J. and D. Wilson Gyton Mr. William E. Thomas, Jr. Mrs. Margaret Jagels Ms. Linda C. Clark Mrs. Irma Padgett-Haaland Miss Isabel Thomson† Mr. Ruben F. Mettler Louis P. Clark Mrs. Gloria Shaw Hamilton Joseph and Toshiko Tompkins Mr. Peter Monrose Ms. Tanya Marie Clark Ms. Josephine B. Hammond Charles E. and Lois J. Toomer George and Sally Pillsbury Earl F. Clayton Mr. Ralph Hansen Mr. Michael Anthony Trabue Claire and John Radway Dr. Karen Weaver Coleman Mr. John F. Harkins, Jr. The Honorable and Mrs. Russell E. Train Mrs. Mary Gendernalik Cooper Mrs. Nancy M. Harlan Bryan Troutman and Margaret Fischer Ms. Carol Ann Crotty Mr. and Mrs. William R. Harmon Joseph and Cynthia Urbano SMITHSONIAN LEGACY Phillip and Betty Crum Mr. Christie G. Harris Mr. M. S. Ursino SOCIETY Mr. Hal J. Cunningham Ms. Margery F. Harris Mr. W. Van Veldhuisen Miss Pauline R. Cushing Ms. D. L. Hasse Mr. John A. Vincent The Smithsonian Legacy Society Mrs. Phyllis Daderio Roger D. and Martha E.V. Hathaway Mrs. Kathryn C. Wanlass honors those who carry on James General and Mrs. J. R. Dailey Mr. William C. Hauber Mrs. George F. Warner Smithson’s tradition by making legacy Mr. Carmen J. D’Angelo Ms. Judy Hauser Craig and Catherine Weston gifts to the Smithsonian, such as Ms. Patricia Daniels Mr. Geoffrey F. Hayes Mr. and Mrs. Richard H. Wherley bequests, charitable gift annuities, Dr. and Mrs. Charles A. Davis Mr. Wilbert Heinz Mr. and Mrs. Ben White† charitable remainder trusts, pooled Mrs. Elizabeth C. Davis Mr. Richard D. Henderson John K. White income fund gifts, gifts of retirement Mrs. Aila G. Dawe Miss Mildred Henninger John C. Whitehead^ and life insurance plans, and other Baroness Yvonne de Vilar Lloyd E. Herman Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Wilkerson giving vehicles. Mr. Walter Deans Mr. and Mrs. Carl D. Herold Pat and Harvey Wilmeth Mrs. George O. DeGele Dr. and Mrs. David C. Hess The Honorable Kendall W. Wilson Anonymous Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Deichmiller Mr. Jeff Hill Dr. and Mrs. Ralph Wilson, Jr.† Mr. Lucian Abernathy Mr. Joe Del Valle Mr. Donald B. Hirsch Mr. Gary S. Wong Ralph and Birdie Albers Ms. Sue A. Delorme Frank and Lisina Hoch Mrs. Jane Ludwig Worley† Stephen T. Alexieff Ms. Patrice Kathleen Denman Mr. Edward J. Hodge Mr. James O. Wright† Ms. Ruth Alliger Ms. Elaine A. Dependahl Miss K. T. Hoffacker Ms. Alice Wrobleski William S. and Janice R. Anderson Kenneth G. and Sherry L. Dietz Ruth S. and A. William Holmberg Dr. and Mrs. Wallace C. Wu† Mr. Charles F. W. Anderson Mr. Dennis O. Dixon Robert W. Holmes Mrs. Charlotte Shirley Wyman† Ms. Olga Anderson Mr. and Mrs. James C. Dixon Ms. Hanna Lore Hombordy Mary L. Zicarelli Ms. Rae R. Anderson Ralph and Patricia Dixon Ray and Valerie Hopkins Thelma, Jeffrey and Gregory Antal Alan and Elizabeth Duckett William Logan Hopkins Endowed Life Members Ms. Beryl E. Arbit Dr. Harold A. Dundee Catherine Marjorie Horne $40,000 or more Mark B. Ardis Mr. and Mrs. William C. Dutton Mrs. Lee Houchins Anonymous (2) Dr. and Mrs. Paul H. Arnaud, Jr. Robert L. Dwight Mrs. Edgar McPherson Howell Ralph and Birdie Albers* Ms. Dorothy B. Arnold Mrs. Ruth F. Effron John R. Huggard Margaret W. and William J. D. Bond Mary W. and Rhodes F. Arnold Mr. John M. Elling Mr. Stuart M. Hughes Karen and Edward A. Burka Rudolph E. and Frances B. Atmus Mr. and Mrs. George W. Elliott Captain Woodie W. Humburg Ms. Ruth Boyer Compton Mrs. Jeane Austin Mrs. Joan Engberg Mr. Thomas L. Humphrey Mr. and Mrs. Dean S. Edmonds, III Mr. and Mrs. William R. Baecht Elizabeth Engstrom Dr. and Mrs. James C. Hunt Mr. Daniel Gilbert William C. and Nellie N. Baker Mr. Richard Evans Mr. and Mrs. Milton M. Hyatt Karyn C. Gill and George McC. Gill, M.D.* Mr. and Mrs. George L. Barquist Ken Ferrara Keith Jackson Mrs. Alton B. Grimes LeRoy T. Baseman Mr. and Mrs. Fred Feuille Ms. Virginia Jaeger William Logan Hopkins Betty Passmore Bass Mr. and Mrs. Dale E. Fincke Mr. and Mrs. David H. Jenkins Richard and Elaine Kaufman Stanley and Florence Baston Mrs. Helen Flanagan Lieutenant Colonel Robert B. Jenkins, Stephen C. Keeble and Karen Depew Colonel Wyley Baxter Mr. Fred R. Fonck USAF, Retired Lt. Col. William K. and Mrs. Alice S. Konze Mr. Gary F. Beanblossom June M. Fontanier Ms. Janice Mary Johnson Dr. Hugh Mainzer and Colonel and Mrs. Joseph S. Benham Al and Marion Friedlander Robert C. Johnson Ms. Jill Jarecki Mainzer Mr. William C. Benner and Ms. Patricia K. Frontz Mr. Roger R. W. Johnston Pearl Bell and Colonel Billie G. Matheson Mr. Patrick Maas Gudrun Fruehling Mrs. Frances H. Jones Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert D. Mead Mr. and Mrs. Jason R. Beresford Dr. Martin A. Funk and Katharine Cox Jones Carol Pochardt Jason C. and Susanna Berger Mr. Eugene S. Zimmer Mr. and Mrs. Stanton Jue David J. Rosenthal Thomas H. Blakey Mr. Oscar Galeno Stephen and Linda Kamen Tony Rosenthal and Ruth Ganister August G. Blume Mrs. H. Clay Gardenhire Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Kanwischer Catherine F. Scott George and Bonnie Bogumill Mr. Arthur W. Gardner Ms. Judy Kaselow Mr. Shelby Shapiro Mr. Richard L. Bolling Aileen M. Garrett Miss Rajinder Kaur Keith Mr. and Mrs. J. Henry Sheffield Mark and Eileen Boone Mr. David E. Garrett Robert F. and Nancy L. Kempf Shirley Phillips Sichel Colonel Charles Botula III, USAF, Retired Jane W. Gaston Ms. Kelly A. Kendrick-Bailey Colonel Harold W. Vorhies* Susan K. Botula Ms. Iris J. Gibson Jack L. Keyes Mrs. Donald W. White Joe K. and Gretchen B. Boyd Mr. and Mrs. Douglas B. Gilbert Ms. Moselle Kimbler

* New Endowed Life Member, 2004 gifts to the smithsonian 39 Elise H. Knight Mrs. Rose Bente Lee and Admiral Irene Sorrough BEQUESTS Mrs. Bessie M. Koehler William M. Ostapenko, USN (Ret.) Dr. Harry Wayne Springfield John and Mary Lu Koenig Don and Lynn Owen Bernie E. Stadiem We remember with appreciation the Richard and Marilyn Kolesar Mr. Patrick H. Packard Paul and Janet Stahlhuth following generous donors whose gifts Lt. Col. William K. and Mr. Richard S. Paegelow Mr. James Starkey through bequests from their estates Mrs. Alice S. Konze Mrs. Vivian Paegelow Ms. Eugenia L. Staszewski were received this year. Rose C. Kramer Mr. Wayne Parsons Ms. Wanda B. Staszewski William J. Kramer Mr. Robert Pastorino Fred L. and Ruth B. Steele Lucille Achauer Margo Kurtz Paul Peck Ms. Sandra Sterling Nancy E. Allis Ms. Lee L. Kush Mr. and Mrs. James E. Pehta Ms. Judith Stoeri Rogers Aston Dr. Geraldine E. La Rocque Ms. Nancy Phillips Stanley Y. and Janet I. Stoker Winton M. “Red” Blount Mrs. James Spencer Lacock Ms. Thelma B. Player Kevin B. Stone Bruce Bond Ms. Patricia A. Laird Mrs. Ann M. Potter Mary Margaret and Richard Storey Richard E. Booth Mr. Travis S. Lamberton Bob and Janice Pound Mr. and Mrs. Frederick L. Streckewald Virginia Britton Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Lando Mr. and Mrs. Anco L. Prak Robert and Gail Strong Nancy O. Cheslow Gilbert H. Lang, M.D. Mr. Delbert L. Price Joseph and Elizabeth Suarez Barber B. Conable, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Arden Lanham Ms. Martha Puricelli Mrs. Rachel A. Syslo Ruth W. Fields Philip Lathrap Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Stanley Purvinis Cuyler and Grace Taylor Joseph E. Johnson Mr. and Mrs. Norman Lawrence David and Cheryl Purvis George D. and Mary Augusta Thomas C. Lois Kriebel Mrs. Deane C. Laycock Mrs. Frank K. Rabbitt Dr. and Mrs. F. Christian Thompson Rudolph L. Kunda M/SGT. Lionel L. Leblanc Mrs. William Rader Ms. Johanna W. Thompson Alan Lutz Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Leighty Mr. and Mrs. Paul Rafaj John and Ellen Thompson William W. Maxey Loetta Lewis Francis H. Rasmus, Jr. Mrs. Diane D. Tobin Frederick D. Petrie Theodore W. and Barbara Ann Libbey Mr. and Mrs. Galen B. Rathbun Mr. David E. Todd Sonia Reed Daniel M. Linguiti and Teri A. Smurl Ms. Sanae Iida Reeves James W. Todd August Schmitt Ms. Eleanor L. Linkous Mr. Donald L. Reinking Robert Bruce Torgny Eve E. Sheppard Mr. and Mrs. Thomas L. Long Mrs. Barbara Reno Mr. and Mrs. W. Carroll Tornroth Allan E. Shore, Sr. Ms. Shirley Loo Jon and Emilee Reynolds Anna Mary Tossey Josephine Tait Mr. and Mrs. Donald S. Lopez Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Rice Mr. and Mrs. David Tozer Anne van Biema Anton C. Love Colonel and Mrs. Robert F. Rick Ms. Marjorie Underhill Dr. and Mrs. Burton N. Lowe George W. and Margaret P. Riesz Ms. Selena M. Updegraff Frank J. Lukowski Mr. Robert E. Ritter Fred G. and Lelia R. Valdivia MEMORIAL AND Mr. Lee D. Mackey Ms. Eleanor A. Robb Dr. Lorna VanderZanden COMMEMORATIVE GIFTS Ms. Barbara M. Macknick Ms. Dorothy M. Robins Ms. Carol Vangelos Mr. and Mrs. Charles Maluzzi Dr. Ruth A. Roland Davis and Jean von Wittenburg The following were so honored by their Mr. Clyde Marr Mr. and Mrs. John Ruby N. O. Wagenschein families, friends, and other donors to Mr. David J. Mason Owen F. Ruggles Patty Wagstaff the Smithsonian. Mr. John L. Mason Edward H. Sachtleben Raymond and Helen M. Waite Dr. Bella J. May Mr. and Mrs. Charles Salter Bettye S. Walker America’s Air Traffic Controllers Mr. Ronald W. McCain Lieutenant Colonel Joseph R. Ms. Esperanza R. Walker James A. and Barbara H. Block Robert and Mary McCallum Santa Barbara Mrs. Peggy Wall Col. Howard Z. Bogert, USAF Ms. June W. McCarron Mr. Dwight D. Saunders Miss Catherine M. Walsh Robert and Lenora Burstein Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. McCrary Lloyd G. and Betty A. Schermer Mrs. Elizabeth Walther Mr. and Mrs. Samuel S. Carter Lowell and Dorothy McDysan Mr. William Schlitz Dr. and Mrs. Richard Ward Pearl E. Dalley Miss Minnie Belle McIntosh Norma Schmid Mr. and Mrs. DeVer K. Warner Valerie and Charles Diker Ms. Lowen McKay Ms. Marsha K. Schmidt Mr. and Mrs. Charles Watts C. Douglas Dillon Col. Billy A. McLeod, USAF (Ret.) Robert L. and Mary T. Schneider Mr. Kenneth R. Waughop Dan R. Dixon William and Jeanne L. McNamara Mr. and Mrs. Clifford B. Schrock Charles Weingartner Anne B. Ehrenkranz Mr. and Mrs. Allen McReynolds, Jr. Ms. Sharon Scott Mr. and Mrs. Eric W. Weinmann Irene Escoffery Mrs. Nora L. Melville Mr. and Mrs. William Seely Mr. Paul E. Wellington Edward P. Fireman Lorraine Mensing Edwin N. Seiler Mr. Walt Wells Barbara G. Fleischman Mrs. Ruth Meyer Mrs. Norma Gudin Shaw Dale (Billie) L. Welton Rita Fraad Mr. Rodney R. Midlam Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Sherman Dr. J. H. Werner Sewell S. Gordon Mr. and Mrs. Carl Mikuletzky Dr. Gerry Shigekawa Mrs. Harriet K. Westcott Therese T. Heyman Jerry Miller Mr. and Mrs. William H. Shopp Dr. George B. Whatley Captain Michael P. Ilyin Mrs. Melissa L. Mills Shirley Phillips Sichel Ms. Cecel F. White Eleanor James Mr. George Mitchell Mrs. Joan S. Siedenburg Mrs. Donald W. White Leon A. Mensing Mrs. Mike Mitchell Kathleen E. Sier Mr. Hollin J. Whitten Don Carr Musick Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Moore Ms. Mary Bise Simon Ms. Vivian Wilder Rajendra C. Nigam Mrs. Jane R. Moore Ms. Mary F. Simons TSgt. James E. Wildey USAF (Ret.) Jack W. Pierce Mr. Arthur Mucklow Mr. James C. Small and Mr. John A. Fry Mr. Julius Wile James E. Plank Mr. and Mrs. Roger K. Myers Sandra and Lawrence Small Mr. Leo J. Witala Carolyn L. Rose Lt. Col. Frank D. Neill, Jr. (Ret.) Dr. Barbara J. Smith Mrs. Elizabeth B. Wood Edith Wall Stephens David A. Neiss Kathy Daubert Smith ADCS Scott B. Wood, USN, Retired M. Lou Torrence Ms. Caroline K. Nelson Mr. and Mrs. Lee Smith Mr. and Mrs. Robert Zapart Ms. Arlene R. Newby Denny G. Snyder Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Zelenka Colonel Erickson S. Nichols Ms. Louise Snyder Dr. P. Joseph Zharn Ms. Mildred S. Onion Mrs. Margaret Sokol John and Sherry Ziegler Mr. Robert A. Ossege Mr. and Mrs. Stephen K. Soldoff Mrs. Nancy Behrend Zirkle Guenther and Siewchin Yong Sommer

40 invest Smithsonian National Board

Members of the Smithsonian National Board serve as 2004 Smithsonian Holly Madigan National Board Frank Martucci volunteer advisors to the Institution and exert positive Edgar M. Masinter influence in many areas. During a study trip to China, Patricia Frost Amy S. McCombs Chair Augustus C. Miller the group served as ambassadors, forging ties with sister Kenneth Miller institutions in Asia. To improve the coordination and Jane B. Eisner Howard P. Milstein Vice-Chair Charles H. Moore, Jr. effectiveness of Smithsonian education programs, Susan Reed Moseley members worked with the Smithsonian Center for Elizabeth S. MacMillan Mary M. Ourisman Vice-Chair Paul L. Peck Education and Museum Studies to distribute the first S. Davis Phillips Smithsonian Education Achievement and Innovation Henry R. Muñoz III Thomas F. Pyle, Jr. 600,000 Vice-Chair Catherine B. Reynolds Awards. The Board raised nearly $ in unre- Ms. Susan Lynch Ruddy stricted funds for the Smithsonian and made more than Claudia R. Allen Richard T. Schlosberg III 17 Kenneth E. Behring David M. Silfen $ million in additional gifts and pledge payments to L. Hardwick Caldwell III Rodney E. Slater further Institution-wide priorities. Several members Richard O. Campbell Helen B. Spaulding Hon. Paul L. Cejas Beatrice R. Taylor hosted special events in their home communities, giving Pete Claussen the Smithsonian a deep and broad national reach. Wilmer S. Cody* Margaret Collins (ex officio) Honorary Members An alumni reunion invited dedicated members from the James F. Dicke* Board’s 30-year history to accept the Institution’s George A. Didden III Robert McC. Adams Robert G. Donnelley William S. Anderson thanks for their loyalty, support, and service. Brad Freeman Max N. Berry Stephen Hamblett Richard P. Cooley Susan Hammer Frank A. Daniels, Jr. Frederic Hamilton Charles D. Dickey, Jr. Michael R. Haverty Alfred C. Glassell, Jr. Richard W. Herbst I. Michael Heyman John E. Herzog James M. Kemper, Jr. Ms. Irene Y. Hirano Jean B. Mahoney Judy S. Huret* George C. McGhee Edna R. Jones (ex officio) Sandra D. O’Connor Richard D. Kinder Francis C. Rooney, Jr. Dorothy G. Lemelson Wilbur L. Ross, Jr. H. F. (Gerry) Lenfest Lloyd G. Schermer Frank H. Levinson Frank A. Weil Peter H. Lunder Gay F. Wray Chris E. McNeil, Jr.

* Began first term in January 2005

From Left to Right Former Smithsonian National Board chairs Lloyd Schermer, Bill Anderson, Gay Wray, Frank Daniels, and Max Berry pose with current chair, Patricia Frost, at the National Museum of the American Indian during a fall alumni reunion.

gifts to the smithsonian 41 Distinguished Benefactors

The Distinguished Benefactors Room The E. Rhodes & Leona B. Carpenter Robert and Arlene Kogod The Principal Financial Group in the Smithsonian Institution Castle Foundation Kraft Foods The Rasmuson Foundation honors the Institution’s most generous Cessna Aircraft Company The Kresge Foundation Raytheon Company donors, individuals whose gifts total The Coca-Cola Company B. Y. Lam Foundation Donald W. Reynolds Foundation $1 million or more, and foundations David A. and Mary Ann H. Cofrin Lannan Foundation Robinson Helicopter Company and corporations that have made one- The Comer Family Foundation Robert Lehrman Sara Roby Foundation time gifts of the same amount. These The Commonwealth of Virginia The Lemelson Foundation David Rockefeller donors’ abiding vision and steward- Joseph and Robert Cornell Memorial Thelma and Melvin Lenkin Rockefeller Foundation ship have preserved the traditions of Foundation Barbara Riley Levin Rolex the Smithsonian while furthering Mr. and Mrs. Joseph F. Cullman, 3rd Edith S. and Arthur J. Levin Susan and Elihu Rose its mission. Florence Coulson Davis Levinson/LaBrosse Family Arthur Ross Foundation Gifts by these benefactors are as Luisita L. and Franz H. Denghausen Lockheed Martin Rodris Roth broad and varied as the work of the Bern Dibner The Henry Luce Foundation Arthur M. Sackler Institution and help support museum James F. Dicke Family Peter and Paula Lunder Arthur M. Sackler Foundation programs, exhibitions, capital projects, Valerie and Charles Diker The John D. and Catherine T. Dr. Elizabeth Sackler/The Arthur M. scientific endeavors, and national and Discover Financial Services, Inc. MacArthur Foundation Sackler Foundation regional outreach activities. Discovery Communications, Inc. Elizabeth and Whitney MacMillan Else Sackler The names of all those recognized Patricia C. Dodge Barbara and Morton Mandel John and Joy Safer in the Distinguished Benefactors Donald J. and Helen D. Douglass Nancy and Edwin Marks Victoria P. and Roger W. Sant Room follow. DuPont Alice S. Marriott Lifetime Trust/ Mr. and Mrs. B. Francis Saul II The Eberly Family Charitable Trust J. Willard and Alice S. Marriott Lloyd G. and Betty A. Schermer Anonymous EDS Foundation Nina and Ivan Selin 3M Charles H. Ettl John and Adrienne Mars Seneca Nation of Indians AAA Mr. and Mrs. Thomas M. Evans The Mashantucket Pequot Frank B. Sherry Charles Francis Adams ExxonMobil Tribal Nation Shirley Phillips Sichel A&E Television Networks FedEx Corporation Nan Tucker McEvoy Paul Singer The Aga Khan Trust for Culture Nancy B. and Hart Fessenden MCI WorldCom Sketch Foundation Airbus The Ford Foundation The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Alcoa Ford Motor Company Fund Sidney Mobell Clarice and Robert Smith American Airlines Charles Lang Freer The Mohegan Tribe of Indians of Guenther and Siewchin Yong American Chemical Society Patricia and Phillip Frost Connecticut Sommer American International Group, Inc. Fujifilm The Claude Moore Charitable The Starr Foundation American Public Transportation General Motors Corporation Foundation State Farm Companies Foundation Association Arvin Gottlieb Lester S. and Enid W. Morse Margaret and Terry Stent American Road & Transportation Katharine Graham Robert O. Muller Thaw Charitable Trust Builders Association The George Gund Foundation NAMM — International Music Timex Corporation AMS Foundation for the Arts, George Gund III and Iara Lee Products Association TRW Sciences and Humanities Karl H. Hagen National Asphalt Pavement TWA Analytical Graphics, Inc. Enid A. Haupt Association Earl S. Tupper Anheuser-Busch Foundation William Randolph Hearst Foundation National Association of Realtors Turner Foundation, Inc. Apple Computer, Inc. Herbert Waide Hemphill, Jr. National Business Aviation Mr. and Mrs. Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Art Research Foundation The Conrad N. Hilton Foundation Association, Inc. Richard O. Ullman Family Foundation Association of American Railroads Ikuo Hirayama National Mining Association United States Mint Herbert and Evelyn Axelrod Joseph Hirshhorn The National Stone, Sand & Gravel United States Postal Service UPS Laura Barney Frank and Lisina Hoch Association The Upton Trust Kenneth E. Behring Family Holenia Trust H. Duane Nelson Anne van Biema Max N. and Heidi L. Berry Ruth S. and A. William Holmberg The Nippon Foundation Teodoro Vidal James A. and Barbara H. Block Janet Annenberg Hooker Nissan North America, Inc. VOLVO Mary and Leigh B. Block IBM Corporation Nordic Council of Ministers Lila Wallace-Reader’s Digest Fund Winton M. “Red” Blount Intel Corporation Northrop Grumman Corporation Alexander and Annie B. Wetmore The Boeing Company International Lease Finance Occidental Chemical Corporation Harry Winston Research Bombardier Corporation Oneida Indian Nation (New York) Foundation, Inc. Ronald Winston Mrs. Virginia O. Boochever Christian A. Johnson Endeavor Yoko Ono Xerox Corporation Agnes C. Bourne Foundation Orkin Exterminating Company, Inc. The Brown Foundation, Inc. S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. The David and Lucile Packard of Houston JSM Charitable Trust, James S. Foundation Hildegard Bruck and Alfred Egerter McDonnell III, John F. McDonnell Paul Peck Dr. Peter Buck Linda Lichtenberg Kaplan Peterson Family Foundation The Emil Buehler Trust W.K. Kellogg Foundation The Pew Charitable Trusts The Burkle Family Foundation R. Crosby Kemper Pioneer Electronics (USA), Inc. William A. Burleson The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Pitney Bowes Inc. The Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz John S. and James L. Knight Robert W. Pittman Foundation Foundation Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation

42 invest Ways to Support the Smithsonian

For the Smithsonian, private philanthropic support Legacy Gifts is essential. The Institution relies upon the thoughtful Individuals may include the Smithsonian in their estate and generous support of many individuals, organiza- plans through bequests, living trusts, or gifts of retirement tions, and corporations. This support helps send plan assets. In addition, life income gifts such as charitable traveling exhibitions across the United States; makes gift annuities and charitable remainder trusts provide cur- dynamic new programs, scientific research, and rent tax advantage, possible income for life, and significant educational initiatives possible; and enables the recognition for the donor at the Smithsonian. Smithsonian’s Web site to place more and more Upon notifying the Smithsonian of their estate inten- Smithsonian collections and resources online, tions, donors become members of the Smithsonian Legacy where all may access them. Society. For more information about Legacy Gifts, please Donors may support the Smithsonian in a variety call (888) 419-7584, or visit www.si.edu/plangiv. of ways, including gifts of cash, securities, or other personal assets; testamentary or estate gifts; and gifts Corporate Associations in honor or in memory of others. The Smithsonian welcomes relationships with corporations to advance program, outreach, and financial goals. In Giving Online addition, corporations can join the Smithsonian Corporate Giving online is fast, easy, and secure at Membership Program and choose from five levels of www.donatenow.si.edu. Gifts of any amount may membership: be made by credit card, and an immediate e-mail $ 100,000 Corporate Partner confirmation is provided. A printed acknowledge- $ 50,000 Corporate Leader ment is also sent by mail. $ 25,000 Corporate Patron $ 10,000 Corporate Benefactor Annual Memberships $ 5,000 Corporate Friend Individuals provide annual operating support through the Contributing Membership program. Member For more information, please call (202) 633-9266; gifts and dues provide unrestricted funds that sustain e-mail [email protected]; or visit www.si.edu/corporate. the Smithsonian’s national outreach, scientific research, public programs, and the preservation of For More Information art and artifacts. Members receive special benefits in To learn more about how you can support the Institution’s recognition of annual dues levels of $75 to $10,000. dynamic mission “for the increase and diffusion of knowledge,” The Smithsonian’s premier circle of membership please contact: support, the James Smithson Society, provides Virginia B. Clark members with special institutional privileges, begin- Director of External Affairs ning at the $2,000 annual membership level. For 1000 Jefferson Drive S.W., 4th Floor more information, please call (202) 357-1699 or MRC 027, P.O. Box 37012 (800) 931-3226, e-mail [email protected], Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 or visit www.smithsonianmembership.com. Phone: (202) 357-4300 Fax: (202) 786-2516 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.si.edu/giving

gifts to the smithsonian 43 Board of Regents Administration Museums

The Smithsonian Institution is the world’s Lawrence M. Small Anacostia Museum and Center for National Museum of the largest museum and research complex, Secretary African American History and Culture American Indian and with 18 museums and galleries and the James C. Early, Acting Director the George Gustav Heye Center National Zoo, as well as nine research Sheila P. Burke MRC 520, P.O. Box 37012 W. Richard West Jr., Director centers around the world. It was created Deputy Secretary and Chief Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 MRC 590, P.O. Box 37012 by an act of Congress in 1846 in accordance Operating Officer (202) 610-3378 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 with the terms of the will of James Smithson (202) 633-6700 of England, who in 1826 bequeathed his Gary M. Beer Arthur M. Sackler Gallery property to the United States of America Chief Executive Officer, and Freer Gallery of Art National Museum of “to found at Washington, under the name Smithsonian Business Ventures Julian Raby, Director Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution, an estab- MRC 707, P.O. Box 37012 Cristián Samper, Director lishment for the increase and diffusion of David L. Evans Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 MRC 106, P.O. Box 37012 knowledge.” After receiving the property Under Secretary for Science (202) 633-0456 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 and accepting the trust, Congress vested (202) 633-2664 responsibility for administering the trust Ned Rifkin Cooper-Hewitt, in the Smithsonian Board of Regents. Under Secretary for Art National Design Museum National Portrait Gallery Paul Warwick Thompson, Director Marc J. Pachter, Director The Chief Justice of the United States, William W. Brubaker 2 East 91st St. MRC 973, P.O. Box 37012 ex officio, Chancellor Director, Facilities Engineering New York, N.Y. 10128-0669 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 and Operations (212) 849-8370 (202) 275-1740 Richard B. Cheney Vice-President of the United States, Virginia B. Clark Hirshhorn Museum and National Postal Museum ex officio Director, External Affairs Sculpture Garden Allen R. Kane, Director Ned Rifkin, Director MRC 570, P.O. Box 37012 Thad Cochran James M. Hobbins MRC 350, P.O. Box 37012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Senator from Mississippi Executive Assistant to the Secretary Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 (202) 633-5500 (202) 633-2824 Bill Frist, M.D. John E. Huerta National Zoological Park Senator from Tennessee General Counsel National Air and Space Museum David L. Evans, Interim Director and the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center Washington, D.C. 20008 Patrick J. Leahy Evelyn S. Lieberman Gen. John R. Dailey (USMC, Ret.), (202) 673-4721 Senator from Vermont Director, Communications and Director Public Affairs MRC 310, P.O. Box 37012 Smithsonian American Art Xavier Becerra Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Museum and the Renwick Gallery Representative from California Alice C. Maroni (202) 633-2350 Elizabeth Broun, Director Chief Financial Officer MRC 970, P.O. Box 37012 Sam Johnson National Museum of African Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Representative from Texas Era L. Marshall American History and Culture (202) 275-1515 Director, Equal Employment and Lonnie G. Bunch, Director Ralph Regula Minority Affairs For information: Representative from Ohio MRC 040, P.O. Box 37012 Carole M.P. Neves Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Eli Broad Director, Policy and Analysis (202) 357-7033 Citizen of California Nell Payne National Museum of African Art Anne d’Harnoncourt Director, Government Relations Sharon F. Patton, Director Citizen of Pennsylvania MRC 708, P.O. Box 37012 Debra S. Ritt Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Hanna H. Gray Inspector General (202) 633-4610 Citizen of Illinois Dennis Shaw National Museum of Manuel L. Ibáñez Chief Information Officer American History, Behring Center Citizen of Texas Brent D. Glass, Director To contact staff members listed MRC 622, P.O. Box 37012 Walter E. Massey above, call (202) 633-1000 for Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Citizen of Georgia addresses and telephone numbers. (202) 633-3435

Roger W. Sant Citizen of Washington, D.C.

Alan G. Spoon Citizen of Massachusetts

Patricia Q. Stonesifer Citizen of Washington state

Wesley S. Williams Jr. Citizen of Washington, D.C.

44 Smithsonian INstitution