DOCSLIB.ORG

Rahman Et Al.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rahman Et Al.Pdf Academia Journal of Agricultural Research 4(2): 072-081, February 2016 DOI: 10.15413/ajar.2015.0198 ISSN: 2315-7739 ©2015 Academia Publishing Research Paper Identification of fishing technologies and their probable impacts on fish folk diversity in the Bishkhali River of Jhalakathi District in Bangladesh Accepted 12th January, 2015 ABSTRACT The Bishkhali River, situated at Jhalakathi district under Barisal division of Bangladesh has immense importance as it supports lifeline of thousands of people. Different types of gears are used in the river to harvest fish species. Therefore, an attempt was undertaken to know the existing fishing gears and their impacts on fish fauna for a period of 10 months from January, 2015 to October, 2015. Results of the study revealed that a total of 18 fishing gears belong to 7 major groups. In total, 51 species under 11 orders, 27 families and 42 genera were identified in the catches of different gears. Among the different orders, Perciformes formed the largest dominant order contributing 16 species (32%) followed by Siluriformes Rahman M B1*, Sazedul Hoque1, Mizanur having 13 species (24.49%). A total of 1,4579 individuals of fishes were caught of Rahman1 which abundant species was Corica soborna, having 1,944 individuals (13.33%). 1Department of Fisheries Technology, Out of 51 species, 16 species were identified as threatened. The species diversity Faculty of Fisheries, Patuakhali Science was analyzed using the following diversity indices: Shannon-Weiner index (H); and Technology University, Dumki, Gibson’s evenness (E); Simpson dominance index (D); Simpson index of diversity Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh. 2Department of Fisheries Management, (1-D) and Margalef’s index. Shannon-Weiner index (H); Gibson’s evenness (E) and Faculty of Fisheries, Patuakhali Science Margalef’s index showed higher values at sampling sites S1. The ecology of the and Technology University, Dumki, Bishkhali river is in great threat due to excess fishing pressure by illegal fishing Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh. gears, pollution and siltation. Therefore, scientific based study is prerequisite to *Corresponding author e-mail: protect the fish fauna from extinction. [email protected] Tel: +8801710450610. Key words: Bishkhali river, conservation, fish fauna, fishing gears, impacts. INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is utterly inventive with extremely rich and Fish is deliberated as one of the most significant food extensive inland, coastal and marine water resources which items from the very beginning of human civilization (Akter mainly consists of floodplains, haors, baors, beels, rivers, et al., 2012). It is one of the major important elements in estuaries, coastal belt and seashore which all together offer the aquatic habitat and plays a key role in economy of many tremendous opportunities for fisheries development and nations as they have been a stable item in the diet of many livelihood support of the people living around these inland people (Kouamelan et al., 2003). Again, Fisheries is a sub- water bodies. Along with potential water resources, sector of Agriculture, having significant role and main Bangladesh is also rich in the diversity of various fish source of animal protein, employment opportunities, food species and other important aquatic biota. Hence, it is security, foreign incomes and socio-economic improvement ranked fourth (DoF, 2015) in fish biodiversity in Asia (Siddiq et al., 2013). This sector contributes 3.69% to GDP behind China, India and Thailand, with approximately 800 and 22.76% to agricultural GDP. Fish supplements to about species of fish from fresh, brackish and marine water 60% of our daily animal protein intake (DoF, 2015) to meet (Hussain and Mazid, 2001). the country’s health demand and thereby helps to reduce Academia Journal of Agricultural Research; Rahman et al. 073 Figure 1. Geographical location of study area; (a) map of Bangladesh and (b) map of Bishkhali River with four sampling stations (S1, S2, S3 and S4 manifested as red rounded). malnutrition problem. considering government rules related to aquatic The importance of fish biodiversity is always noteworthy biodiversity and conservation. Consequently, fish fauna of which can never be negligible. But freshwater fishes of the river are under threat. As a result, recording of fishing Bangladesh are the most threatened group and therefore, gears including their mesh sizes, fish diversity and their conservation is a pre-requisite to protect the fish fauna conservation status has become a central aspect to from near extinction. To commence these conservation understand the river ecosystem and conserve the fish initiatives, basic informations of fishes like breeding fauna. The information from this investigation will serve as seasons and conservation status are essential tools. Study a baseline data for carrying out further study on ecology, of fish fauna in any water body would be of great help to conservation, sustainability and management of fisheries take appropriate conservation steps in the water body. resources of this water body. Though a very few research works have been conducted on fish fauna in different water bodies of Bangladesh (Islam et al., 2015; Galib et al., 2013; Imteazzaman et al., 2013; MATERIALS AND METHODS Mohsin et al., 2009), there is no satisfactory information found in the literature regarding fish fauna and fishing Study area and duration of research gears used to capture fish of the Bishkhali River. The Bishkhali is a coastal river under Jhalakathi district of The present investigation was imposed on Bishkhali River, Bangladesh. The river is the harbor of diversified fish fauna. located at Jhalakathi district under Barisal division of Thus, the rivers influence the life style of countless people Bangladesh. Its center lies between 21.9833°N latitude living along and near the coast of the river. At the same and 89.9833°E longitude and falls into the Bay of Bengal time, it is observed that numerous non-selective and illegal (Figure 1) through the mouth of the Baleswar-Haringhata mesh size gears are used to capture fishes without at 13 km down of Patharghata. The total length of the river Academia Journal of Agricultural Research; Rahman et al. 074 is 96 km with average depth about 16 m. To execute the Analysis of findings objectives of the existing work relevant data were collected fortnightly basis, that is, twice a month for a period of 10 For the analysis of present findings statistical analyses months from January, 2015 to October, 2015. were carried out using Microsoft Excel 2007 and Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.00. Measurement of fishing gears RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The fishing gears were surveyed based on participatory Fishing gears rural appraisal (PRA) such as focus groups discussion (FGD), social mapping and cross checking key informant Fishing gears are equipments used to catch aquatic biota interviews (KIA) with fisher’s community fishing in the four especially fishes. For fishing, different types of fishing gears different spots of Bishkhali River. The mesh size of the and traps were employed in Bishkhali River over a period gears was estimated using a centimeter scale (CRESCENT, of time. Table 1 represents the summary of fishing gears Made in China). The fishing gears were categorized under used in Bishkhali River. From the study, a total 18 different different major groups followed by Ahmed (1971). types of fishing gears were identified under 7 major groups such as gill nets (current jal, poma jal, ayre jal,tengra jal, punti jal, ilish jal and fash jal), cast nets (jhaki jal), push nets Fish specimen collection and identification (moia jal and thela jal), seine net (ber jal), fixed purse nets (char jal and badha jal), lift nets (dharma jal, chabi jal and Fish specimens were collected from four fishing spots (S1, ghuchoin jal ) and traps (bitte and kholsun) (Table 1). No S2, S3 and S4) of Bishkhali River. Twelve fishermen were previous study on fishing gears was available in the hired temporarily, three from S1, S2, S3 and S4 each Bishkhali River and thus comparison of present findings operating current jal, jagat ber jal and badha jal under the with previous one was not possible. However, same group of gill net, seine net and fixed purse net, respectively numbers of fishing gears were also observed from Lohalia following lunar periodicity (full moon and new moon) and (Ali et al., 2014), Meghna river (Siddique et al., 2013) and during these periods higher abundance of fishes were Tista river (Khan et al., (2013), but lower numbers of reported by the fishermen and fish vendors. Fish samples fishing gears were recorded from Dogger Beel (Siddiq et al., were also collected from the local fish landing centers and 2013) and Shitalakshya river (Miah et al., 2010). fish markets from previously contacted fishermen. Total Mesh size of the nets varied depending mostly on numbers of individual species were counted in each targeted fish species as well as, water body and seasons. sampling day from these stations. From Table 1, maximum (10 to 12 cm) and minimum (0.2 For laboratory study, 30% of the total catch was taken to 0.3 cm) mesh size was found in the case of ilish jal and from each sampling station and preserved in 10% buffered char jal under the group of gill net and fixed net. Present formalin solution in a previously leveled plastic jars findings on mesh sizes were supported by other studies (Ali according to species and size. In the laboratory, the et al., 2014; Siddiqu et al., 2013). collected specimens were identified to species level with the help of standard taxonomic keys of Talwar and Jhingran (1991), Nelson (1994), Rahman (2005) and Hossain et al. Species assemblages (2007). Fish Base software was also used as a guide. A total of 51 species belonging to 11 orders, 27 families and 42 genera were identified during the study period (Figure 2 and Table 2).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Exploitation Pattern of Mola Carplet, Amblypharyngodon Mola (Hamilton
    Exploitation pattern of mola carplet, Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton, 1822), a small indigenous fish: observations from fish markets of rural West Bengal, India 1Dibyendu Saha, 1Santanu Pal, 2Gargi Nandy, 1,2Sk H. Rahaman, 2Anupam Chakraborty, 1,2Gautam Aditya 1 Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, India; 2 Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India. Corresponding author: G. Aditya, [email protected] Abstract. The mola carplet, Amblypharyngodon mola is a representative small indigenous fish species, rich in vitamin and mineral contents. As a common fish in different freshwater habitats, A. mola is often harvested and sold as an assortment of Small Indigenous fish Species (SIS) consisting of multiple fish. A survey of the rural fish markets was made to characterize the exploitation pattern of A. mola as a component of assorted SIS, highlighting the biomass, abundance as parameters influencing the pricing pattern. A sample size of 168 assorted SIS from different fish markets indicated the presence of A. mola in varying proportions and biomass in 159 such samples. A logistic regression revealed that the pricing pattern of the assortment of SIS was strongly influenced by both the abundance and biomass of the representative A. mola in the samples. The species richness in the samples of SIS was negatively related, while the price was an increasing function to the proportional abundance of A. mola in the samples. The biomass of A. mola in the assorted SIS was significantly different from those that were sold as single species. The observations on the fish A. mola provide evidence about the food resource potential as well as the preference at the local scale.
    [Show full text]
  • Subodha K. KARNA1, George N. KATSELIS2*, and Laith A. JAWAD3
    ACTA ICHTHYOLOGICA ET PISCATORIA (2018) 48 (1): 83–86 DOI: 10.3750/AIEP/02259 LENGTH–WEIGHT RELATIONS OF 24 FISH SPECIES (ACTINOPTERYGII) FROM HIRAKUD RESERVOIR, ODISHA STATE OF INDIA Subodha K. KARNA1, George N. KATSELIS2*, and Laith A. JAWAD3 1 ICAR—Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India 2 Department of Fisheries-Aquaculture Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece, 30200, Mesolonghi, Greece 34 Tinturn Place, Flat Bush, Manukau, Auckland 2016, New Zealand Karna S.K., Katselis G.N., Jawad L.A. 2018. Length–weight relations of 24 fish species (Actinopterygii) from Hirakud Reservoir, Odisha State of India. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 48 (1): 83–86. Abstract. Length–weight relations were estimated for 24 fish species sampled from the Hirakud Reservoir (Odisha State, India): Salmostoma bacaila (Hamilton, 1822); Salmostoma phulo (Hamilton, 1822); Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822); Labeo bata (Hamilton, 1822); Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton, 1822); Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822); Puntius sophore (Hamilton, 1822); Puntius chola (Hamilton, 1822); Pethia ticto (Hamilton, 1822); Systomus sarana (Hamilton, 1822); Pethia phutunio (Hamilton, 1822); Osteobrama cotio (Hamilton, 1822); Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton, 1822); Rasbora rasbora (Hamilton, 1822); Parambassis ranga (Hamilton, 1822); Parambassis lala (Hamilton, 1822); Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793); Macrognathus pancalus (Hamilton, 1822); Notopterus notopterus (Pallas, 1769); Chanda nama (Hamilton, 1822); Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton, 1822); Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton, 1822); Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch, 1794); Gudusia chapra (Hamilton, 1822). They represented 10 families: Cyprinidae (14 species), Ambassidae (2 species), Channidae, Mastacembelidae, Notopteridae, Centropomidae, Belonidae, Gobiidae, Siluridae, and Clupeidae (1 species each). The b values ranged from 2.62 to 3.44. Nine of the species displayed isometric growth (b = 3), seven species negative allometric growth (b < 3), and eight species represented positive allometric growth (b < 3).
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Fish and Herptiles in Traditional Folk Therapies in Three
    Altaf et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2020) 16:38 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-020-00379-z RESEARCH Open Access The use of fish and herptiles in traditional folk therapies in three districts of Chenab riverine area in Punjab, Pakistan Muhammad Altaf1* , Arshad Mehmood Abbasi2*, Muhammad Umair3, Muhammad Shoaib Amjad4, Kinza Irshad2 and Abdul Majid Khan5 Abstract Background: Like botanical taxa, various species of animals are also used in traditional and modern health care systems. Present study was intended with the aim to document the traditional uses of herptile and fish species among the local communities in the vicinity of the River Chenab, Punjab Pakistan. Method: Data collected by semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were subsequently analyzed using relative frequency of citation (FC), fidelity level (FL), relative popularity level (RPL), similarity index (SI), and rank order priority (ROP) indices. Results: Out of total 81 reported species, ethnomedicinal uses of eight herptiles viz. Aspideretes gangeticus, A. hurum, Eublepharis macularius, Varanus bengalensis, Python molurus, Eryx johnii, Ptyas mucosus mucosus, Daboia russelii russelii and five fish species including Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Cirrhinus reba, Labeo dero, Mastacembelus armatus, and Pethia ticto were reported for the first time from this region. Fat, flesh, brain, and skin were among the commonly utilized body parts to treat allergy, cardiovascular, nervous and respiratory disorders, sexual impotency, skin infections, and as antidote and anti-diabetic agents. Hoplobatrachus tigerinus, Duttaphrynus stomaticus, and Ptyas mucosus mucosus (herptiles), as well as Labeo rohita, Wallago attu, and Cirrhinus reba (fish) were top ranked with maximum informant reports, frequency of citations, and rank order priority.
    [Show full text]
  • (2015), Volume 3, Issue 9, 1471- 1480
    ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2015), Volume 3, Issue 9, 1471- 1480 Journal homepage: http://www.journalijar.com INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH RESEARCH ARTICLE Biodiversity, Ecological status and Conservation priority of the fishes of river Gomti, Lucknow (U.P., India) Archana Srivastava1 & Achintya Singhal2 1. Primary School , SION, Chiriya Gaun, Varanasi 2. Department of Computer Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi Manuscript Info Abstract Manuscript History: The studies of fish fauna of different water bodies were made by different workers. However, the study of ichthyofauna of the Gomti River at Lucknow Received: 15 July 2015 is scanty. This paper deals with the fish fauna of the Gomti river at Lucknow Final Accepted: 16 August 2015 o o Published Online: September 2015 (Latitude: 26 51N and Longitude: 80 58E). A systematic list of 70 species have been prepared containing two endangered, six vulnerable, twelve Key words: indeterminate and fifty not evaluated species, belonging to nine order, twenty one families and forty two genera respectively. Scientific names, Fish fauna, river Gomti, status, morphological character, fin-formula, local name, common name etc. of each biodiversity, conservation species was studied giving a generalized idea about finfishes of Lucknow. *Corresponding Author Copy Right, IJAR, 2015,. All rights reserved Archana Srivastava INTRODUCTION Biodiversity in relation to ecosystem function is one of the emerging areas of the research in environmental biology, and very little is known about it at national and international level. It is a contracted form of biological diversity encompassing the variety of all forms on the earth. It is identified as the variability among living organisms and the ecological complexes of which they are part including diversity between species and ecosystems.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrating Environmental Safeguards Into Disaster Management: a Field Manual
    Integrating Environmental Safeguards into Disaster Management: a field manual Volume 1: Reference material Sriyanie Miththapala Ecosystems and Livelihoods Group, Asia, IUCN Integrating Environmental Safeguards into Disaster Management: a field manual Volume 1: Reference material Integrating Environmental Safeguards into Disaster Management: a field manual Volume 1: Reference material Sriyanie Miththapala Ecosystems and Livelihoods Group, Asia, IUCN This document was produced under the project ‘Rehabilitating coastal ecosystems in a post-tsunami context: Consolidation Phase’ carried out with financial support from the Autonomous Organisation for National Parks (Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales - OAPN) of the Ministry of Environment of Spain. The designation of geographical entities in this technical report, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or OAPN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or OAPN. Published by: Ecosystems and Livelihoods Group Asia, IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Copyright: © 2008, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Citation: Miththapala. S (2008). Incorporating environmental safeguards into disaster risk management. Volume 1: Reference material. Colombo: Ecosystems and Livelihoods Group, Asia, IUCN. viii + 130 pp. Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder.
    [Show full text]
  • Fisheries and Aquaculture
    Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation 7. GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR Formulation and Operationalization of National Action Plan for Poverty Alleviation and Rural Development through Agriculture (NAPA) Working Paper - 4 FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE Yangon, June 2016 5. MYANMAR: National Action Plan for Agriculture (NAPA) Working Paper 4: Fisheries and Aquaculture TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS 3 1. INTRODUCTION 4 2. BACKGROUND 5 2.1. Strategic value of the Myanmar fisheries industry 5 3. SPECIFIC AREAS/ASPECTS OF THEMATIC AREA UNDER REVIEW 7 3.1. Marine capture fisheries 7 3.2. Inland capture fisheries 17 3.3. Leasable fisheries 22 3.4 Aquaculture 30 4. DETAILED DISCUSSIONS ON EACH CULTURE SYSTEM 30 4.1. Freshwater aquaculture 30 4.2. Brackishwater aquaculture 36 4.3. Postharvest processing 38 5. INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT 42 5.1. Management institutions 42 5.2. Human resource development 42 5.3. Policy 42 6. KEY OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS TO SECTOR DEVELOPMENT 44 6.1. Marine fisheries 44 6.2. Inland fisheries 44 6.3. Leasable fisheries 45 6.4. Aquaculture 45 6.5. Departmental emphasis on management 47 6.6. Institutional fragmentation 48 6.7. Human resource development infrastructure is poor 49 6.8. Extension training 50 6.9. Fisheries academies 50 6.10. Academia 50 7. KEY OPPORTUNITIES FOR SECTOR DEVELOPMENT 52 i MYANMAR: National Action Plan for Agriculture (NAPA) Working Paper 4: Fisheries and Aquaculture 7.1. Empowerment of fishing communities in marine protected areas (mpas) 52 7.2. Reduction of postharvest spoilage 52 7.3. Expansion of pond culture 52 7.4.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of Fish Species Diversity in Ghaghat River in Northern Bangladesh M
    Ann.M. R. Bangladesh Islam, M. Das, Agric. M. (2018) N. Mondal 22 (1) and : 95-105 G. M. Mostakim ISSN 1025-482X (Print)95 2521-5477 (Online) STATUS OF FISH SPECIES DIVERSITY IN GHAGHAT RIVER IN NORTHERN BANGLADESH M. R. Islam1*, M. Das1, M. N. Mondal2 and G. M. Mostakim3 Abstract Fish species diversity and it’s conservation status of Ghaghat river in northern region of Bangladesh was investigated by field sampling using a taxonomic guide, FishBase data and International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) conservation index. The study revealed that a total of 55 species of fishes belonging to 45 genera, 22 families and 9 orders were found in the river. Among the identified fish orders, Cypriniformes was the highest diverse group with 34% species abundance followed by Siluriformes and Perciformes with 24% each. On the other hand, fishes under the orders Beloniformes, Decapoda, and Tetradontiformes were the least abundant (2%). Fish species diversity was found prominent during the monsoon. Based on IUCN conservation index 6(11%), 10(18%) and 7(13%) species in Ghaghat river were identified as critically endangered, endangered and vulnerable respectively. A total 14 types of fishing gear under 8 major groups were found to operate in the studied river, which included some banned gears like gill net and seine net. An effective conservation strategy needs to be developed to stop indiscriminate fishing and to conserve the fish biodiversity in Ghaghat river. Keywords: Fish, biodiversity, ghaghat river, conservation. Introduction barrages, pollution, using of banned fishing gears fish biodiversity is declining (Rahman Bangladesh is blessed with a large number et al., 2016).
    [Show full text]
  • Ichthyofaunal Diversity and Conservation Status in Rivers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
    Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2020, 10(4): 131-143 Article Ichthyofaunal diversity and conservation status in rivers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Mukhtiar Ahmad1, Abbas Hussain Shah2, Zahid Maqbool1, Awais Khalid3, Khalid Rasheed Khan2, 2 Muhammad Farooq 1Department of Zoology, Govt. Post Graduate College, Mansehra, Pakistan 2Department of Botany, Govt. Post Graduate College, Mansehra, Pakistan 3Department of Zoology, Govt. Degree College, Oghi, Pakistan E-mail: [email protected] Received 12 August 2020; Accepted 20 September 2020; Published 1 December 2020 Abstract Ichthyofaunal composition is the most important and essential biotic component of an aquatic ecosystem. There is worldwide distribution of fresh water fishes. Pakistan is blessed with a diversity of fishes owing to streams, rivers, dams and ocean. In freshwater bodies of the country about 193 fish species were recorded. There are about 30 species of fish which are commercially exploited for good source of proteins and vitamins. The fish marketing has great socio economic value in the country. Unfortunately, fish fauna is declining at alarming rate due to water pollution, over fishing, pesticide use and other anthropogenic activities. Therefore, about 20 percent of fish population is threatened as endangered or extinct. All Mashers are ‘endangered’, notably Tor putitora, which is also included in the Red List Category of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as Endangered. Mashers (Tor species) are distributed in Southeast Asian and Himalayan regions including trans-Himalayan countries like Pakistan and India. The heavy flood of July, 2010 resulted in the minimizing of Tor putitora species Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the fish is now found extinct from river Swat.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Maillard Reaction on the Antioxidant Properties and Amino Acid Content of Amblypharyngodon Mola of the Eastern Himalayas
    International Journal of Agriculture and Food Science Technology. ISSN 2249-3050 Volume 5, Number 3 (2014), pp. 117-124 © Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com Effect of Maillard Reaction on the Antioxidant properties and Amino acid content of Amblypharyngodon mola of the Eastern Himalayas Ch. Sarojnalini1 and W. Sarjubala Devi2 1,2 Department of Life Sciences, Manipur University Canchipur, Manipur- India Abstract The effect of Maillard Reaction on the antioxidant activity and total amino acid contents of the processed Amblypharyngodon mola of the Eastern Himalayas was determined. The Amblypharyngodon mola (family-Cyprinidae) is locally known as Mukanga in Manipur and mowa in Assam, mowa or mowka in west Bengal. The small fishes are consumed as a whole; they are often cooked in fish alone and also with vegetables. In the present study the fish was cooked in different forms i.e., steaming, frying and fish curry. The highest antioxidant activity was found in fish curry as compared to fresh, steamed and fish fried. The chemical reaction occurred during cooking process is the Maillard reaction i.e., the condensation reaction between the amino acids and carbonyl carbon of the reducing sugar present inside the fish body forms the melanoidin (Heterocyclic nitrogenous compound) compounds. The highest total amino acid was found in steamed as compared to other processed samples. The results suggested that the Maillard reaction product increases the amino acids content and antioxidant property of the steamed and fish curry and also improved the taste of the product. Thus consumption of the processed small fishes should be encouraged. Keywords- Antioxidant activity; Amblypharyngodon mola; Small indigenous freshwater fish; Eastern Himalayas Introduction Amblypharyngodon mola, commonly known as Mola Carplet is a freshwater small indigenous fish species.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Profile of Afghanistan
    NEPA Biodiversity Profile of Afghanistan An Output of the National Capacity Needs Self-Assessment for Global Environment Management (NCSA) for Afghanistan June 2008 United Nations Environment Programme Post-Conflict and Disaster Management Branch First published in Kabul in 2008 by the United Nations Environment Programme. Copyright © 2008, United Nations Environment Programme. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. United Nations Environment Programme Darulaman Kabul, Afghanistan Tel: +93 (0)799 382 571 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.unep.org DISCLAIMER The contents of this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of UNEP, or contributory organizations. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP or contributory organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authority, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Unless otherwise credited, all the photos in this publication have been taken by the UNEP staff. Design and Layout: Rachel Dolores
    [Show full text]
  • Length-Weight Relationship and Sex Ratio of Some Cyprinid Fish Species from Taungthaman Lake
    Length-Weight Relationship and Sex Ratio of Some Cyprinid Fish Species From Taungthaman Lake Soe Soe Aye and Ma Khaing Abstract The present study describe the length-weight relationships LWR condition factor (K), relative condition factor (Kn) and sex ratio of three cyprinid small indigenous fish species; Amblypharyngodon atkinsonii, Puntius sarana and Puntius chola from Taungthaman Lake, Mandalay Region. A total numbers of 252 A. atkinsonii, 220 P.sarana and 249 P.chola were collected from November 2015 to February 2016. In LWR (W= aLb) values of exponent 'b' were observed to be 2.577, 2.519, 2.539 for male, female and combined of A. atkinsonii, 2.913, 2.751, 2.809 for male, female and combined of P.sarana and 2.684, 2.784, 2.746 for male, female and combined of P.chola. The correlation coefficient 'r' was observed to be 0.91, 0.905, 0.862 for male, female and combined of A.atkinsonii, 0.869, 0.9, 0.875 for male, female and combined of P.sarana and 0.85, 0.918, 0.914 for male, female and combined of P.chola. The values of k were 1.06 in A.atkinsonii, 1.48 in P.sarana and 1.37 in P.chola from pooled data. The values of Kn were observed to be 1.05, 1.06 for male and female of A.atkinsonii, 1.09, 1.05 for male and female of P.sarana and 1.07, 1.05 for male and female of P. chola. The sex ratio (M: F) were 1:5 in A.
    [Show full text]
  • Challenges in Biodiversity Conservation in a Highly Modified
    water Review Challenges in Biodiversity Conservation in a Highly Modified Tropical River Basin in Sri Lanka Thilina Surasinghe 1,* , Ravindra Kariyawasam 2, Hiranya Sudasinghe 3 and Suranjan Karunarathna 4 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, Dana Mohler-Faria Science & Mathematics Center, 24 Park Avenue, Bridgewater, MA 02325, USA 2 Center for Environment & Nature Studies, No.1149, Old Kotte Road, Rajagiriya 10100, Sri Lanka; [email protected] 3 Evolutionary Ecology & Systematics Lab, Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka; [email protected] 4 Nature Explorations & Education Team, No. B-1/G-6, De Soysapura Flats, Moratuwa 10400, Sri Lanka; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-508-531-1908 Received: 11 October 2019; Accepted: 13 December 2019; Published: 19 December 2019 Abstract: Kelani River is the fourth longest river in the South-Asian island, Sri Lanka. It originates from the central hills and flows through a diverse array of landscapes, including some of the most urbanized regions and intensive land uses. Kelani River suffers a multitude of environmental issues: illegal water diversions and extractions, impoundment for hydroelectricity generation, and pollution, mostly from agrochemicals, urban runoff, industrial discharges, and domestic waste. Moreover, loss of riparian forest cover, sand-mining, and unplanned development in floodplains have accentuated the environmental damage. In this study, based on Kelani River basin, we reviewed the status of biodiversity, threats encountered, conservation challenges, and provided guidance for science-based conservation planning. Kelani River basin is high in biodiversity and endemism, which includes 60 freshwater fish species of which 30 are endemic.
    [Show full text]