DOCSLIB.ORG

The Ukrainian Weekly 1953

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Ukrainian Weekly 1953 •1- • — " ' - ... "•^—•———мі Dedicated to the Ideal* Md Interacts of younj UKRAINIAN WEEKLY of Ukramba SECTION *wt 81-88 Grand Street btformative, toetrocttvo. хкрлінський щоАЕнник Jersey Ctty 8, N. i. Beppletueot of UKRAINIAN DAILV Ckfoiotea Daily Sroboda TeL HEndenon J 4-0237 Published, by the 14-0807 Ukrainian National Ukrainian National Aafa The Ukrainian Weekly Section TeL HEndereon 4-lolf РПС LXL 4. 163 SECTION II. JERSEY CITY and NEW YORK, SATURDAY, AUGUST 1, 1953 SECTION IJL No. 163 VOL. LXI Earns M.D. Degree 1,000 Priests Still Serve Underground UCCA URGED SENATORS HfDeekly Gommentator TO PASS REFUGEE BILL SEN. HENDRICKSON LAUDED Eugene Shekitka, son of Mr. In Ukraine, Vatican Says By a vote of 63 to 30, the TOR EXPOSE OF SOVIET COLUMNISTS' COMMENTARIES ON UKRAINE anr Mrs. Andrew Shekitka, 418 Senate approved last Wednes­ day a bill to to admit 209,000 It is noteworthy that of re-1' The Ukrainian Soviet Fourth Avenue, Blakely, Pa. PAPAL RADIO BROADCASTS THAT PEOPLE REFUSE TO LIES BETRAY EASTERN RITE CLERGY over-quotaa refugees to this centa timea American newspa- Republic then was eatabliehed country in the next three years per columnists have been de-land "recognized" by both Rua- and eight months. Senator Hendrickson of New • national life and aspirations to voting considerable, space to'sia and Poland. To the Krem- LONDON. July 26. —More xnd religion have not been de- Severai days prior to its Jersey was lauded for his sup- national independence, th% Uk- the Ukrainian struggle to winlin, that meant merely that than 1,000 Catholic priests are Jtroyed, it said. passage, the Ukrainian Con­ port of the recently passed r*- rainians struck back Immediate- jperating underground in the "More than 1.0C0 camou- national freedom • and inde­ the Ukraine became a captive gress Committee of America fugee bill in a special comu-! ly. Though the cruel yoke of Ukraine, the Vatican Radio re­ Haged priests maintain under­ pendence. member of the U.S.S.R. Consti­ sent telegrams to fifty Sen­ nication sent him by Mr. Dmy- Soviet Russian rule lay heavi- ported. ground organization and when­ Thus on July 19 last Andrew tution. ators urging passage of the tro Halychyn, Executive Vice ly upon them, they could not The station said it had re­ ever possible offer religious Tully, Scripps-Howard staff But if this made it official, it bill. President of the Ukrainian I allow another tyrant to en- ceived "accurate information" services to the faithful. Congress Committee of Amer-I chain them more. They formed writer, wrote the following. did not make it entirely bind­ The telegrams were signed •m the status of the Eastern "Despite intensive searches ica. 'their own fighting force—the ing on the Ukrainians. Every by Michael Piznak of New" ROUGH ON MOSCOW TO Rite Church in the Ukraine. by police and regular searches year since, in one section or an­ York, General Counsel of the Ita text follows: underground UPA (Ukrainska KEEP Despite persistent Commu­ of farms and villages, not one other of the Ukraine, there has UCCA. Povstancha Armiya)—the Uk­ Joseph Stalin, a political been rebellion, usually armed. nist persecution, the Church priest has been denounced to The Honorable Robert C. rainian Insurgent Army. The realist, put his finger on the In the thirties, when Stalin the authorities," the Vatican Hendrickson Ukrainian insurgents, armed problem of the Ukraine a few started collectivizing farms, station added. Eastern Liturgy,, has 316.785 The United States Senate and equipped with what they years ago when an aide re­ there were bloody uprisings four letters in football and (The Byzantine Rite Apos­ members in this country. The Washington, D. C. captured from the enemy, ported with pleasure that at wrestling while earning his tolic Exarchate of Philadelphia, helped to bring about the Nazi which finally were put down Greek Rite Diocese of Pitts­ Dear Sir: laat the Ukrainians seemed only when Stalin condemned bachelor of science degree at which is the Ukrainian Greek burgh, which embraces Byzan­ defeat in Ukraine. At the to have been tamed! 5,000,000 persons to death by Columbia. He is a veteran of Catholic Diocese of the United tine Catholics of other nation­ My attention has been called same time the UPA waged war 18 months' service in the Navy "Yes, .yes," replied Stalin; withholding food. And ae late States and which uses the al origins, has 315,159.) to your remarks in the Con­ against the Soviet Russian as a gunfire control instructor "but keep a rifle at their as the fall of 1951, guerrilla gressional Record, July 15, con­ forces. Its objective: the free­ Dr. Eugene Shekitka at Cuba. backs." fighters in the Carpathian cerning'the perversion by the ing of Ukraine of Russian and received the doctor of medicine Dr. Shekitka is a member of Soviet Russian, propaganda It's just a little more of the mountains were reported to be Alien Veterans' Naturalization Nazi rule, and the establish­ degree last June from Colum­ Phi Beta Kappa, scholastic machine of the report submit­ same in the Ukraine these days, holding down five Russian di­ ment of a free and independent bia University, New York. honor society, and of Nu Sig­ ted by the Senate Judiciary where Stalin's bloody-handed visions. Privileges Ukrainian republic, patterned Dr. Shekitka is a member ma Nu, a medical fraternity. Committee on Escapees and on the democratic lines of the heirs are conducting their own The current purge probably of Branch 448 of the Ukrain­ He received the Brainard Sut- Refugees in Western Europe Ukrainian National Republic little purge. For' the Ukraine will calm things down in the ian National Association. liffe Award as an all around to blacken the name and slan­ which came into being in 1917 haa been giving _ the Kremlin Ukrane for a while. But the Good news has been just re­ loyalty, and the Congress has Graduate of Blakely High student. der the reputation of the peo­ but which fell In 1921 before trouble over since the Soviet record shows the Ukraninians ceived from Washington, re­ therefore again reciprocated School, where he was a foot- He will intern at Bellevue ple who have fled and who are the combined weight of the Government waa. established. will be making trouble as long garding the passage of new by waiving the fees and by sim­ ball star, Dr. Shekitka won Hospital. New York. now • fleeing from behind the Bolshevik hordes and the arm­ It has been a member of the as they're held captive by the legislation by the Congress,— plification of Naturalization re­ Iron Curtain "in search of free- ed forces of its other national Union of Soviet Socialist Re­ Kremlin. extending special naturaliza­ quirements for. Alien Veterans dort and a decent way of life," publics since 1920, but always tion pVivileges to Alien Veter- serving in the American forces enemies. For it* is impossible to keep to quote your words. as an unwilling partner. Rochester Boyan Choir Sings апв serving with the Ameri­ in Korea. It is said that "about To this very day the Ukrain- rifles at the backs of 40 mil­ ian The reason behrrfd the Uk­ can Forces in Korea. 5,000 Aliens, many of them True .Americans will agree , national struggle for lib- lion Russian-haters. eration raine's reluctance to knuckle Before 3500 People Ten times before this,—says now in Korea, are affected." with you that, "It Is no crime j - « UPA, has been raging. Our under to Moscow lies in a his- Mrs., Kenneth F. Rich, Direc­ Among them are quite to reslet tyranny nor is it at torical fact of life^ The Uk­ Columnist Selbert wrote the July 19 was recorded in the Cependa. The Choir sang a tor of the Immigrants' Protec­ number of Ukrainians by birth. I crime to flee from tyranny." American press as well as the 0 raine, covering an, area larger Iouowin8 history of Rochester as "Inter­ group of 5 songs much to the tive-League, Chicago,—the The' Immigrants' Protective\ Xour eflort. to -uncover and^^P ** preae, haa been re- thwOi»ftt of France, is actually \ When and if the smouldering approval of the a*aemb\ed. This Congress of th© United StAtea I^aagUte would Uke to все theUxpose Soviet lie* *ew*vfeith*)P*rtU»«?**d oommenttns upo: I national Day." Representatives lt '"a Beparate natteff. vktnety per &"e of antf-Communist rebellion was followed by a group of^has'enucted similar legislation families of those Veterans who /approval of all Americans. As\ ^th Increasing frequency. I from the. Scotch', Italian, He­ y u Sir weU other ' cent of its population of 40 in the Soviet satellite count- dancers from the choir who I in effect for brief periods,—In live in Chicago. This welfare the Executive Vice-president ° - - ** Щ brew, Lithuanian, Polish, and of the Ukrainian Congress Senators, Congressmen, and mDHon persons are, non-Rus­ tries spreads to the Soviet delighted the audience with I behalf of Alien Veterans of agency specializes in services Union proper, it is not at all Ukrainian nationality groups the traditional gay dances of World War I and Warld War II. to the foreign born desiring to Commlttee of America, a na­ four foreign policy makers, sian, and it has its own lan­ have demonstrated your aware­ unlikely that it will flare up presented their native songs Ukraine. The biggest applaud The American Army, ever become citizens of the United tionally-wide organization of guage, literature and national ness of the fact that the un­ in the Ukraine.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth As a Political Space: Its Unity and Complexity*
    Chapter 8 The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as a Political Space: Its Unity and Complexity* Satoshi Koyama Introduction The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Rzeczpospolita) was one of the largest states in early modern Europe. In the second half of the sixteenth century, after the union of Lublin (1569), the Polish-Lithuanian state covered an area of 815,000 square kilometres. It attained its greatest extent (990,000 square kilometres) in the first half of the seventeenth century. On the European continent there were only two larger countries than Poland-Lithuania: the Grand Duchy of Moscow (c.5,400,000 square kilometres) and the European territories of the Ottoman Empire (840,000 square kilometres). Therefore the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was the largest country in Latin-Christian Europe in the early modern period (Wyczański 1973: 17–8). In this paper I discuss the internal diversity of the Commonwealth in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and consider how such a huge territorial complex was politically organised and integrated. * This paper is a part of the results of the research which is grant-aided by the ‘Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research’ program of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science in 2005–2007. - 137 - SATOSHI KOYAMA 1. The Internal Diversity of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Poland-Lithuania before the union of Lublin was a typical example of a composite monarchy in early modern Europe. ‘Composite state’ is the term used by H. G. Koenigsberger, who argued that most states in early modern Europe had been ‘composite states, including more than one country under the sovereignty of one ruler’ (Koenigsberger, 1978: 202).
    [Show full text]
  • Nikolaj Von Wassilko. Bukovinian Statesman and Diplomat
    https://doi.org/10.4316/CC.2019.01.010 POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES NIKOLAJ VON WASSILKO. BUKOVINIAN STATESMAN AND DIPLOMAT Oleksandr DOBRZHANSKYI Yurii Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University (Ukraine) E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The article is dedicated to the study of the political biography of Nikolaj von Wassilko, a well-known Bukovinian leader, one of the most controversial personages among Ukrainian politicians of Austria-Hungary at the end of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century. It is worth mentioning that many scientists from various countries wrote about N. Wassilko, but separate studies about his life and political activities have not been written yet. Author paid considerable attention to the formation of N. Wassilko's political views, the evolution of his preferences from conservative Rusynism and Moscophilia philosophy to the populistic doctrine. Since the beginning of the 20th century, N. Wassilko became almost the sole leader of Ukrainians in Bukovina. The article presents the analysis of his activities in the Austrian Parliament, the Diet of Bukovina, public organizations, and his initiatives to resolve various regional issues. His activities in the years of World War I were equally rich. In particular, the article shows his diplomatic activities as the ambassador of the ZUNR (West Ukrainian People's Republic) in Vienna, the ambassador of the UPR (Ukrainian People's Republic) in Switzerland and other countries. At the end of the research, the author points out the remarkable path of N. Wassilko in the history of the Ukrainian movement in Bukovina in the early twentieth century, as one of the central figures of the Ukrainian diplomacy during 1918-1924.
    [Show full text]
  • Moldova, Moldavia, Bessarabia Yefim Kogan, 25 September 2015
    Moldova, Moldavia, Bessarabia Yefim Kogan, 25 September 2015 Dear Researchers, I have received recently an email from Marilyn Newman: Hello Yefim, I've been following this project and appreciate your more complete break down in today's Jewishgen Digest. I did contribute to Bob Wascou before he passed. The reason for this message is that I'm confused. My family were from Moinesti and Tirgu Ocna, both near each other in Moldova. However, this area was not Bessarabia..... Can you explain what areas of Moldova are covered other than Bessarabia and Chisanou (sp.). Many Thanks, Marilyn Newman Marilyn thank you. I think this is a very important question. I was getting many similar message for many years. Let’s clear this confusion. Let's start with terminology. The term Moldavia and Moldova mean the same region! Moldova is in Romanian language and Moldavia was adopted by Russian and other languages, including English. Charles King in 'The Moldovans. Romania, Russia, and the Politics of Culture', Stanford U., 1999 writes that 'It is a myth that Moldova changed its name from Moldavia. What happened in the 1990s was simply that we in the West became better informed about what locals themselves had always called it.' So let's dive into the history of the region: Moldavia is known as a country or Principality from 14 century until 1812. There were also two other Danube or Romanian Principalities - Walachia and Transilvania. At some point in the history Moldavia joined other Principalities. In 1538 Moldavia surrendered to Ottoman Empire, and remained under Turks for about 300 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Contours and Consequences of the Lexical Divide in Ukrainian
    Geoffrey Hull and Halyna Koscharsky1 Contours and Consequences of the Lexical Divide in Ukrainian When compared with its two large neighbours, Russian and Polish, the Ukrainian language presents a picture of striking internal variation. Not only are Ukrainian dialects more mutually divergent than those of Polish or of territorially more widespread Russian,2 but on the literary level the language has long been characterized by the existence of two variants of the standard which have never been perfectly harmonized, in spite of the efforts of nationalist writers for a century and a half. While Ukraine’s modern standard language is based on the eastern dialect of the Kyiv-Poltava-Kharkiv triangle, the literary Ukrainian cultivated by most of the diaspora communities continues to follow to a greater or lesser degree the norms of the Lviv koiné in 1 The authors would like to thank Dr Lance Eccles of Macquarie University for technical assistance in producing this paper. 2 De Bray (1969: 30-35) identifies three main groups of Russian dialects, but the differences are the result of internal evolutionary divergence rather than of external influences. The popular perception is that Russian has minimal dialectal variation compared with other major European languages. Maximilian Fourman (1943: viii), for instance, told students of Russian that the language ‘is amazingly uniform; the same language is spoken over the vast extent of the globe where the flag of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics flies; and you will be understood whether you are speaking to a peasant or a university professor. There are no dialects to bother you, although, of course, there are parts of the Soviet Union where Russian may be spoken rather differently, as, for instance, English is spoken differently by a Londoner, a Scot, a Welshman, an Irishman, or natives of Yorkshire or Cornwall.
    [Show full text]
  • Names in Multi-Lingual, -Cultural and -Ethic Contact
    Oliviu Felecan, Romania 399 Romanian-Ukrainian Connections in the Anthroponymy of the Northwestern Part of Romania Oliviu Felecan Romania Abstract The first contacts between Romance speakers and the Slavic people took place between the 7th and the 11th centuries both to the North and to the South of the Danube. These contacts continued through the centuries till now. This paper approaches the Romanian – Ukrainian connection from the perspective of the contemporary names given in the Northwestern part of Romania. The linguistic contact is very significant in regions like Maramureş and Bukovina. We have chosen to study the Maramureş area, as its ethnic composition is a very appropriate starting point for our research. The unity or the coherence in the field of anthroponymy in any of the pilot localities may be the result of the multiculturalism that is typical for the Central European area, a phenomenon that is fairly reflected at the linguistic and onomastic level. Several languages are used simultaneously, and people sometimes mix words so that speakers of different ethnic origins can send a message and make themselves understood in a better way. At the same time, there are common first names (Adrian, Ana, Daniel, Florin, Gheorghe, Maria, Mihai, Ştefan) and others borrowed from English (Brian Ronald, Johny, Nicolas, Richard, Ray), Romance languages (Alessandro, Daniele, Anne, Marie, Carlos, Miguel, Joao), German (Adolf, Michaela), and other languages. *** The first contacts between the Romance natives and the Slavic people took place between the 7th and the 11th centuries both to the North and to the South of the Danube. As a result, some words from all the fields of onomasiology were borrowed, and the phonological system was changed, once the consonants h, j and z entered the language.
    [Show full text]
  • NARRATING the NATIONAL FUTURE: the COSSACKS in UKRAINIAN and RUSSIAN ROMANTIC LITERATURE by ANNA KOVALCHUK a DISSERTATION Prese
    NARRATING THE NATIONAL FUTURE: THE COSSACKS IN UKRAINIAN AND RUSSIAN ROMANTIC LITERATURE by ANNA KOVALCHUK A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of Comparative Literature and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2017 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Anna Kovalchuk Title: Narrating the National Future: The Cossacks in Ukrainian and Russian Romantic Literature This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the Department of Comparative Literature by: Katya Hokanson Chairperson Michael Allan Core Member Serhii Plokhii Core Member Jenifer Presto Core Member Julie Hessler Institutional Representative and Scott L. Pratt Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2017 ii © 2017 Anna Kovalchuk iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Anna Kovalchuk Doctor of Philosophy Department of Comparative Literature June 2017 Title: Narrating the National Future: The Cossacks in Ukrainian and Russian Romantic Literature This dissertation investigates nineteenth-century narrative representations of the Cossacks—multi-ethnic warrior communities from the historical borderlands of empire, known for military strength, pillage, and revelry—as contested historical figures in modern identity politics. Rather than projecting today’s political borders into the past and proceeding from the claim that the Cossacks are either Russian or Ukrainian, this comparative project analyzes the nineteenth-century narratives that transform pre- national Cossack history into national patrimony. Following the Romantic era debates about national identity in the Russian empire, during which the Cossacks become part of both Ukrainian and Russian national self-definition, this dissertation focuses on the role of historical narrative in these burgeoning political projects.
    [Show full text]
  • Anna-Romania Corrected2by Rivka
    Courtesy of the Ackman & Ziff Family Genealogy Institute Updated June 2011 Romania: Jewish Family History Research Guide Historical Background Like most European countries, Romania’s borders have changed considerably over time. Starting in the late 15th century, the Ottoman Empire ruled the Romanian provinces of Moldavia, Walachia, and Dobruja, while Austria and Hungary controlled Banat, Bihor, Maramures, Satu Mare, and Transylvania. Austria took over Bukovina (northwestern Moldavia) in 1774, and Russia obtained Bessarabia (eastern Moldavia) in 1812. An unsuccessful Balkan revolt against the Turks ultimately led to Russian occupation of Walachia and Moldavia from 1829-34. The two principalities merged in 1859 to form Romania (also spelled Rumania or Roumania at various times), which remained subservient to the Ottomans until full independence was achieved in 1878. The province of Dobruja was also added at that time. After World War I Romania regained control over the territories of Banat, Bessarabia, Bihor, Bukovina, Maramures, Satu Mare, and Transylvania at the expense of Austro-Hungary and Russia. During the Holocaust period, Romania temporarily gave up northern Transylvania (including northern Bihor, Maramures, and Satu Mare) to Hungary, and permanently lost northern Bukovina and Bessarabia (now the Republic of Moldova) to the Soviet Union. Jews were present in the region under the Roman Empire, but subsequent invasions and wars severely disrupted their existence. The Jewish population increased significantly after 1800, primarily due
    [Show full text]
  • The Budjak Region in the Aftermath of the Treaty of Bucharest (1812)
    Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on History and Archaeology ONLINE ISSN 2067-5682 Volume 6, Number 2/2014 73 THE BUDJAK REGION IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE TREATY OF BUCHAREST (1812) Murat TU ĞLUCA * Abstract. The paper focuses on Budjak’s status after the Treaty of Bucharest, dated 1812. Ottomans abandoned Bessarabia to Russia with this treaty. Then, Russia seperated Budjak Region from Bessarabia. Before the treaty, both of them had been a whole with the name of Bessarabia. According to Ottoman archive documents, Ottoman Empire dealt with the demografic movements and security problems of Budjak after the treaty. The subject of this study is Ottoman and Russian officials’ diplomatic negotiations on these problems. Keywords: Ottoman Empire, Russia, Black Sea, Cahul, Izmail, Bolgar, Treaty of Bucharest Introduction Today being part of Odessa Province of the Republic of Ukraine, Budjak 1 is the historical southern region of Bessarabia encompassing Cetatea Alb ă, Cahul, Chilia, Tighina and Izmail provinces. 2 Situated between the Danube and Dniester rivers and the Black Sea, the region extends till Prut River, a tributary of Danube. 3 Known for serving as the homesteads for Scythian, Hun, Avarian, Bolgar, Patzinak (or Pecheneg), Cuman, Mongolian, Tatar and Romanian 4 civilizations among many others on the historical time line, Budjak's emergence as an * Assist. Prof. Dr. Instructorat Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ahi Evran University/Turkey. 1 The region has been termed variously in the English language, including Budzhak, Budjak, Bujak and Buchak. In this study, “Budjak” phrase is preferred. Because, this phrase was used at The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition.
    [Show full text]
  • Galicia: a Multi-Ethnic Overview and Settlement History with Special Reference to Bukovina by Irmgard Hein Ellingson1 Tam I Kiedys - There Once Upon a Time
    Galicia: A Multi-Ethnic Overview and Settlement History with Special Reference to Bukovina by Irmgard Hein Ellingson1 tam i kiedys - there once upon a time Family history researchers place great value upon name of the village from which he emigrated or the place in primary source documents. We want to seek out the original which he settled, we assume that no one does - and that we church records, ship lists, census lists, land records and other will be the ones to discover the family’s “origin.” forms of documentation that may establish someone’s If you had German ancestors in Galicia or Bukovina, presence at a certain location and at a particular point in time. whether they were Evangelical or Catholic, from Most will begin by visiting a local Family History Center to southwestern Germany or from Bohemia, much of this determine record availability and as soon as possible, want information may already be a matter of record and has been to read films to find ancestors and their family groups. for decades. Researchers such as Dr. Franz Wilhelm and Dr. Very few, however, take any time to read and learn Josef Kallbrunner as well as Ludwig Schneider reviewed about the people, places, and the times in which their lists of late eighteenth-century immigrants who registered at ancestors lived. Instead they tend to dive into the records various points on the route to settlement in the eastern with a Star Trek mentality: Genealogy, the final frontier. Habsburg empire. Wilhelm and Kallbrunner’s Quellen zur These are the voyages of the family history researcher.
    [Show full text]
  • The Making of Ethnicity in Southern Bessarabia: Tracing the Histories Of
    The Making of Ethnicity in Southern Bessarabia: Tracing the histories of an ambiguous concept in a contested land Dissertation Zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophie (Dr. phil.) vorgelegt der Philosophischen Fakultät I Sozialwissenschaften und historische Kulturwissenschaften der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von Herrn Simon Schlegel geb. am 23. April 1983 in Rorschach (Schweiz) Datum der Verteidigung 26. Mai 2016 Gutachter: PD Dr. phil. habil. Dittmar Schorkowitz, Dr. Deema Kaneff, Prof. Dr. Gabriela Lehmann-Carli Contents Deutsche Zusammenfassung ...................................................................................................................................... iii 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Questions and hypotheses ......................................................................................................................... 4 1.2. History and anthropology, some methodological implications ................................................. 6 1.3. Locating the field site and choosing a name for it ........................................................................ 11 1.4. A brief historical outline .......................................................................................................................... 17 1.5. Ethnicity, natsional’nost’, and nationality: definitions and translations ............................
    [Show full text]
  • The Song My Little Town of Belz
    Belz Belz, my little town of Belz בעלז .Pol. Bełz, Ukr. Белз, Yid The little house where I spent my childhood! The songMy Little Town of Belz (version sung by Adam Aston, written by Jacob Jacobs) Princely town ¶ Belz is located the focus of dispute between the rulers near the border with Poland between of Poland, Hungary, and Lithuania. In two tributaries of the Bug River – the 1377–1387, the town came under Hun- Solokiya and Richitsa. According to the garian rule. In 1377, Duke Władysław of most widespread hypothesis, the town’s Opole – the governor of the Palatinate name comes from the Old Slavic bełz or of Ruthenia appointed by King Lajos I of bewz, meaning a muddy, damp area. In Hungary and Poland – granted the town the Boyko dialect, the same word means with the Magdeburg law. In 1387, Queen a muddy place difficult to get through. Jadwiga (Hedwig) of Poland removed Another theory links the town’s name Hungarian palatine from Ruthenia and with an Old Ruthenian word бълизь incorporated that territory into the (a “white place,” a lawn, or clearing, in Kingdom of Poland. A year later, her the midst of a dark forest). ¶ Belz is one husband Władysław II Jagiełło handed of the oldest towns not only in Ukraine, that land over to Siemowit IV, Duke of but also in Eastern Europe. Its first Masovia. In 1462, the town became the mention dates to the Old Rus chronicle capital of Belz Palatinate, created after Tale of the Bygone Years (also known as the incorporation of the Land of Belz the primary Chronicle), which men- into the Polish Crown.
    [Show full text]
  • Eastern Europe - Historical Glossary
    EASTERN EUROPE - HISTORICAL GLOSSARY Large numbers of people now living in western Europe, north and south America, South Africa and Australia are from families that originated in eastern Europe. As immigrants, often during the late 19th century, their origin will have been classified by immigration officials and census takers according to the governing power of the European territory from which they had departed. Thus many were categorised as Russian, Austrian or German who actually came from provinces within those empires which had cultures and long histories as nations in their own right. In the modern world, apart from Poland and Lithuania, most of these have become largely unknown and might include Livonia, Courland, Galicia, Lodomeria, Volhynia, Bukovina, Banat, Transylvania, Walachia, Moldavia and Bessarabia. During the second half of the 20th century, the area known as "Eastern Europe" largely comprised the countries to the immediate west of the Soviet Union (Russia), with communist governments imposed or influenced by Russia, following occupation by the Russian "Red Army" during the process of defeating the previous military occupation of the German army in 1944-45. Many of these countries had experienced a short period of independence (1918-1939) between the two World Wars, but before 1918 most of the territory had been within the three empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Turkey. The Ottoman empire had expanded from Turkey into Europe during the 14th-15th centuries and retained control over some territories until 1918. The commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania was established in the 16th century and for two centuries ruled over the territories north of Hungary, while the Ottoman empire ruled over those to the south, but between 1721-1795 the Russian empire took control of the Baltic states and eastern Poland and during a similar period Austria-Hungary took control of southern Poland and the northern and western territories of the Ottoman empire.
    [Show full text]