Technical Report No. 2
THE NCAO MODEL FOREST A Partnership in Support of Sustainable Forest Management in Thailand
Development of a Model Forest for Sustainable Forest Management in Thailand FFD 5199 Rev. I (F)
Forest Research Office, Royal Forest Department Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives Government of Thailand
with support from: International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Government of Japan International Model Forest Network Secretariat (IMFNS) and Mr. Richard H. Baerg International Consultant
December 2000 Technical Report No. 2
Tnn NCAO MODEL FOREST A Partnership in Support of Sustainable Forest Management in Thailand
Development of a Model Forest for Sustainable Forest Management in Thailand FFD 5199 Rev. I or)
Forest Research Office, Royal Forest Department Ministry of Agi'iculture and Cooperatives Government of Thailand
with slipport from: International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Government of Japan international Model Forest Network Secretariat (IMFNS) and Mr. Richard H. Baerg international Consultant
December 2000
EXECl. ITIVE SUMMARY
The Ngao Model .Forest was developed to contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of forest resources in Thailand while deriving from these resources their full economic potential so as to improve the living conditions for rural families and communities.
The project strategy is to encourage the concerted involvement of various interested groups, locally and nationally, in the conservation and management of natural resources, with a view to using these resources for productive purposes, while ensuring protection of the environment and the conservation of bio-diversity, and meeting the needs of the local communities.
The sponsors of the Ngao Model Forest are the Royal Forest Departtnent, Lampang Province Govenunent, Ngao Demonstration Forest, Kasetsart University Faculty of Forestry, Tham Pha Thai National Park, Agricultural Land Reforrn Office and Ngao District Government.
Partnership is a key of the Model Forest concept. The Ngao Model Forest partnership is compromised of 25 organizations and institutions, which collectively represent all of the main land uses and land users in the project area. The partners are identified in the proposal and have been involved in its preparation. The partnership is seen as being dynamic in nature and other parchers are invited to join in as they learn more about the Model Forest and its prograrri of activities.
Seven development objectives have been set for the Ngao Model Forest, underlying as many programs of activity. They are: I. To provide all parttiers with an up-to-date and easily accessible data base on forest land and resources, including non-timber forest products to support decision- making o11 land-use PIarrriing and sustainable forest management; 2. To manage, protect and sustainably use all forest lands, including natural and man- made forests, maintain biodiversity and enhance watershed protection; 3. To improve the livelihoods of local populations through the sustainable use of forest lands and forest resources;
4. To conduct applied research and demonstration, in support of the programs of activities to be implemented in the model forest, with special emphasis on the rehabilitation of degraded forest lands, the application of activities to support soil and water conservation and approaches to address encroachment of protected forest 'an, ,, 11
5. To increase the awareness and understanding of all partners, both professionals and technicians working at the field level, and local people and the eneral ublic. The intention is to establish links between research and operations so that new teclmologies can be made available to those who must apply them in their dail work.
6. To participate as a full member in the International Model Forest Network and thereby expand the capacity of the Ngao Model Forest partnership to develo , test and apply new approaches to support sustainable forest management.
7. To ensure the efficient and transparent management of the Model Forest 11rrou h the building of an effective painiership and operation of a sim 16 and efficient management structure.
Each one of the seven programs comprises a series of activities to be implemented over time, on the basis of priorities and annual plans of operation agreed u on b the art The seven programs are:
I. Development of a Comprehensive Data Base 2. Sustainable Forest Management 3 . Diversification of Economic Activity 4. Applied Research 5. Training, Extension, Public Awareness 6. Networking and Technology Transfer 7. Management and Administration I , ' The managementI'aiministration of the Ngao Model Forest will includ fl 'bl mechanisms that allow for the participation of all of the partners in the decision maki process and a penmanent but simple structure for day-to-day operations, hitiall the N ao Model Forest will be administered by the Royal Forest De artment. Ove t' , th intention is that the partnership will evolve into a legally registered - or alitzation. This Tl provide the organization with its own independence and accountability. The next step in the development of the Ngao Model Forest will be a worksho that will be attended by the proposed Model Forest partriership. The objective of this worksho w'11 b to have the proposed partners review, modify and endorse this proposal, In his process the partnership will be officially created and they will take ownershi of the To OSal. Th programs and activities that are outlined here are therefore subject to chari e as in a b deemed necessary and so defined by the partnership. These changes are not ex ected t significantly modify the programs of work but rather to bring more defiriition and detail to the objectives, specific programs, projects, work plans and budgets. This is therefore a working and living document. 111
The first phase of the I\Igao model forest will span 5 years. It will focus on padners ip development, the establishment of a Model Forest data base, specific deve opment an applied research projects and networking both nationally and internalion y. Based on preliminary estimates, a budget of Us$ 3.0 million will be required to implement the Model Forest programs and activities. Financing, both in dollars an in- h , wi e obtained from the partners, national programs and international funding. IV
SPONSORS The following sponsors present the proposal for the N an Mod I' F b partners. They are listed in random order.
I . Royal Forest Department
2. Lampang Province Goverriiiient
3 . Ngao Demonstration Forest
4. Kanetsart University, Faculty of Forestry 5, Tham Pha Thai National Park
6. Agricultural Land Reform Office
7. Ngao District Govenunent V
PARTNERS
The following individuals and institutions have indicated their interest in participating, together with the sponsors, as partners in the Ngao Model Forest, Most ave contributed to the development of this proposal. Formal conrrnitments to speci IC activities to be undertaken under the programs described in itlis proposal, will be agree upon and defined in the preparation and approval of the ami11al work plan. ey are listed in random order.
I . National Forest Policy Coriumittee 2. Forest Industry Organization 3 . Tourism Authority of Than and 4. Ngao Farmer's Association 5 . Farmer' s Federation of Thailand 6. RFD - Criteria and Indicators Technical Panel 7. Wildlife Fund Thailand 8. District Council (Amphoe) 9. Sub-District Council (Tambon) 10. Village Council (Mooban) 11. HillTribe's Association 12. Women's Union of Ngao 13 . People' s Organization 14. Village Headmen 15. Mae Yom National Park 16. Lampang Medicinal Plants Conservation Assembly 17, Charcoal Industry Representative 18. Wood Carving and Handicrafts Association Vl
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Executive SUImnary
Sponsors IV Partriers V Table of Contents Vl
Acronyms Vlll
I . O INTRODUCTION
2. 0 THE INTERNATIONAL MODEL FOREST NETWORK 2
3.0 THE NGAO MODEL FOREST 3 3 .I General Description 3 3.1. I The Country - Thailand 3,1.2 The I\Igao Model Forest 3.1.3 Topography 3.1.4 Geology 3.1,5 Climate 31.6 Vegetation 3.17 Wildlife 3.2 Present Land Use 8 3.3 Social and Coriumunity Considerations 8 3.4 Economic Situation 10 3.5 Current State of Forest Management 10
4.0 RATIONALE 11 4. -I ~Main Issues 11 4.2 Environmental Impact 11 4.3 Gender and Equity 12 4.4 Sustainability 12
5. 0 GOAL AND OBJECTIVES 12 5.1 Goal 12 5.2 Development Objectives 13
6.0 PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES 13 6, I Overview 13 6.2 The Development Phase 14 6.3 Program I : Development of a Comprehensive Data Base 15 6.4 Program 2: Sustainable Forest Management 16 6.5 Program 3 : Diversification of Economic Activity 18 6.6 Program 4: Applied Research 19 Vll
20 6.7 Program 5: Training, Extension, Public Awareness 21 6.8 Program 6: Networking and Technology Transfer 22 6.9 Program 7: Management and Administration 23 7.0 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT 23 7.1 The Management Structure 25 7.2 Creating and Strengthening the Partnership FINANCING 25 8.0 WORK PLAN, BUDGETS AND 25 8.1 Work Plan 26 8.2 Evaluation and Program Review 27 8.3 Budgets A-O ANNEX A-I Ngao Model Forest Project Proposal Vlll
ACRONYMS
DF Demonstration Forest $us United States Dollar FAO United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization GIS geographic information system ha hectare IMFN International Model Forest Network IMFNS International Model Forest Network Secretariat ITTO International Tropical Timber Organization nun millimeter MF Model Forest NTFP ' s nori-timber forest products RFD Royal Forest Department SFM sustainable forest management SPK temporary cultivation rights STK temporary cultivation rights TAC technical advisory committee 1.0 INTRODUCTION
The International Model Forest Network (IMFN) was established in 1994 and has evolved into an international initiative with 26 sites established, or in piaiming, in I I countries with several more in the early stages of development. The Model Forest (MF) concept originated in Canada in the early 1990's in response to two major challenges, First was the intense conflict between forest managers and those outside traditional forest management structures. Many dissenting views on forest management had merit, but had no meaningful access to decision-making processes, and with only limited obligation by those in authority to consult beyond the traditional planners and decision-makers, Second, sustainable forest management (SFM) remained largely an abstract concept, a good idea without practical expression. MF ' s attempt to build local partnerships to engage the full spectrum of views on forest management to improve piaTming and management towards SFM. The impacts are substantial touching on good governance, sustainable economic development and diversification and improved policy-making processes, leading ultimately to improved policy. They are also potential demonstration and training areas for national forest programs. This Initial Proposal and Work Plan for the creation of the Ngao Model Forest in Lampang District, Thailand, was prepared with input from the sponsors and partners, of the Ngao Model Forest, listed at the beginning of this document, with the assistance of the International Model Forest Network Secretariat, the Government of Japan, the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) and the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The purpose of this proposal is to consolidate the views of the partners in the Ngao Model Forest. It is meant to present the sponsors and partners of the Ngao Model Forest, to describe its physical and socio-economic characteristics, to present its goal and objectives and to briefly outline the main programs and activities proposed, with indicative cost estimates for the first five years of operations. The preparation of this proposal is one of the first of a series of activities directed at creating and consolidating the partnership that is the very foundation of the Model Forest concept. It represents an initial exchanging of views and ideas, proposed projects and activities and projects and a preliminary consensus on contents of this proposal. Many more such exercises will need to follow with, hopefully, a larger partnership including all stakeholders, particularly local populations, and with increased participation from a partners. This proposal is not a definitive document. It reflects the consensus reached at the time of its drafting in November 2000. As the partnership develops and evolves, this document wi need to be perfected, its deficiencies are an invitation for comments and suggestions. The partnership in the Ngao Model Forest is not a closed circle. On the contrary, this proposal is an open invitation to all those, local, national and international institutions, 2
from the govenmient, private and non-government sectors, who find interest in this document and wish to become partners in the Ngao Model Forest.
2.0 THE INTERNATIONAL MODEL FOREST NETWORK The Ngao Model Forest is unique and reflects the environmental, social, cultural and economic attributes of Thailand and more specifically those found in the project area. Like all other model forests in the International Model Forest Network (IMFN) it is a working scale forest that demonstrates sustainable and integrated forest management. It involves not only the trees but the entire landscape, the ecosystem, and the people that inhabit that landscape. The following key attributes are shared and are the basis of the establishment of all model forests:
. Partnership, a model forest provides a forum whereby the participants and agencies responsible for activities within the model forest area, are linked together b common objectives;
' A commitment to sustainable forest management; ' A land base large enough in size to incorporate the area's forest uses and values; ' A range of activities reflecting the value of forest resources and addressing the needs of the community;
' An organizational and governance structure in which partners with different values can work comfortably together; and
' Building and sharing a knowledge base with others across the world in the network of model forests.
Today there are 21 model forests in the IMFN and their priorities and activities are identified by the partnership. Model forests are involved in a wide range of activities that include the following: . conserving and protecting forest resources through sound development initiatives; . identifying opportunities for economic diversification and giving increased value to forests through alternative uses (e. g. rural tourism); . education, training and capacity development; . supporting applied forest research; . developing meaningful ways of measuring progress towards sustainable development (e. g. local level indicators on bio-diversity); and . using the International Model Forest Network to eXchange information, knowledge, and expertise in identifying, developing and applying new Iec}in o10gies. 3
3.0 Tnn NCAO MODEL FOREST
3.1 General Descri tion
3.1, I The Coun Thailand The Kingdom of Thailand is located between 5' and 21' north latitude and 98 and 106 east longitude. The total area of the country is 513,115 square kilometres (see Figure I). In 1964 about 43% of the land area of the country was forTrialIy registered as national forest reserve, However, due to the high demand for land and timber products during the last three decades, much of the forest land jus been converted to other uses, including agi. foulture. Tliis has resulted in a significant reduction of the forest area; the existing forest area in Thailand in 1995 was only about 26% of the total land area. To preserve the Tennining forest lands, the Thai govermnent banned logging throughout the country in 1987. As well, for nature conservation and the mumtenance of the environmental balance, the seventh National Econonxic and Social Development Plan 0992 - 1996) designated that 40% of the country' s area be designated forest reserve. Twenty-five percent of the forest had base was reserved as protection forests in the foam of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, nature conservation forests, and wild land for other environmental protection purposes. The remaining forest reserve 05%) was designated as productive forest, which would provide regular timber output and other rimor profits based on intersive forest management, fits policy was strongly supported by the office of the National Environment Board, which also set-up a "watershed classification determination" scheme all over the country in 1989. To achieve the target of increasing the forest reserve area from 26% to 40 fo the Royal Forest Department (RED) and the Thai government launched a large scale forest plantation effort in the encroached areas of the country. In addition, to support the full participation of local coinrriunities in the sustair^bio management of forest resources the governrrient is developing a new proposed Con^nunity Forestry Act. This Act, which is currently before the National Parliament, will. address critical issues . of land use at the coriumunity level and facilitate the participation of local coriumunities in the development and implementation of forest resource Inanegement plans. The 1.1gao Model Forest offers an excellent operational base to test and apply this new Act.
3.1.2 The 1.1 an Model Forest
The Ngao Model Forest shares its boundaries with the Ngao Demonstration Forest which covers an area of 175,159 hectares, and is located north-west of Lampang Province in northern Thailand between 18'20' and 19'05' north latitude, and 99'45 and 100 05 east longitude. The area covers the headwaters of the Ngao River in northwest Lampang Province. Iseio. . laporjj oe6N 10 uo!IeOOT , a. rib!^
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The Ngao Demonstration Forest was established in 1961. It is the only Demonstration Forest in Thailand and it has a long history of being the base for the introduction, testing and adaptation of new forest management techniques. The establishment of a Model Forest as part of the Demonstration Forest will further expand this history. A new forest management plan for the Demonstration Forest is currently be completed as part of the ITTO supported pre-project activities for the introduction of the Model Forest. This management plan will guide the day-to~day operations of the demonstration forest. The demonstration forest therefore provides the field base for the Model Forest. The Ngao Model Forest will undertake activities which are additional to those of the demonstration forest. It does not over-Tide any existing legislation or administrative frameworks. Instead it will provide a fortmi within which the partners will undertake collaborative projects which address their broad range of forest based needs and values. And these projects, which are based upon adaptive management, when successful, will play a key role in supporting the development of new forest policies at the national level.
3.1.3 To o re h
The topography of the project area is mountainous with intercepting plains and valleys. The altitude ranges from 200 to 1,400 metres. The area is traversed by national highway number I, along Lampang province and Payao province, which lie respectively 70 km and 60 kin from Ngao district. A provincial highway, number 103, connects Ngao district to Song district in Phiae province, about 4 kill, southeast of Ngao district.
The Ngao Demonstration Forest (DF) includes the watershed areas of the three main rivers in Ngao District, these being the Mas Ngao in the north, the Mae Huat and the Mae Teeb both in the south. These rivers drain into the Mae Yom which is a main river in the northern region of Thailand
^!^ The geology of Lampang province originated from the decay of limestone and sandstone mountains. Thus, the Ngao DF is comprised of two main types of geological fonnations: recent alluvial terraces and old alluvial terraces.
I. Recent alluvial terraces: this area is comprised of river banks, plains and new semi- terraces. It originated from sediments eroded by water. The texture of the soils varies from sandy to clay. The main group is Alluvial soils, Noricalcic Brown, Hydromorphic and Low Hornic Gley soils. This fomiation is found in Mae Ngao and Mae Teeb watershed areas. 2.01d alluvial terraces: This area is undulating. It originated from sediments eroded by water during the PIGistoceue period. The main group of soils is Regosols, low Hornic Gley soils, Reddish Brown Latentic soils Grey Podzolic soils and Latosols. This formation is dominant in the area. .
6
3.1.5 Climate
The Ngao DF is under the influence of two monsoons: the southwest and rth t monsoons. The climate is therefore divided into three seasons: the cool, the hot and th rainy season,
The average temperature is about 25.6'C, and the monthly average tern Grante ran es from 19.3'C in December to 30.2'C in April. The amiual avera e rainfallis ab t 1120 rum. The average rainfall for Ngao DF is higher than surrounding nearby areas.
3.1.6 Ve etation
The forest covering Ngao DF is classified into four main t es: dry evergreen, mixed deciduous, dry dipterocaip and teak forests described as follows:
I'Dry evergreen forests cover an area of 4,172 ha. or 2.38 percent of the total area. This type of forest can be found in scattered areas along the depressions on the lain and in humid valleys of the hills, or fonning galleries along streams and rivers. 2. Mixed deciduous forests cover an area of 78,083 ha. or 44.58 ercent .of the total This type of forest is generally found at both higher and lower elevations, on sand loam or latentic colluvial soil. Armual precipitation is between 600 and 1,000 nun. This forest consists of rectona grandis, ,;:71iq kerni, Daibergia oval@, etc, 3. Dry dipterocarp forests cover an area of 24,220 hectares or 13.83 percent of the total area. This forest is found between 200 and 1,000 in above mean sea level. The dominant species are dipterocarp sp. 4. Teak plantations cover an area of 7060 ha. or 4.03 percent of the total area. These plantations are located between 200 and 600 in. above mean sea level.
Figure 2 provides a map showing the forest cover types in the project area.
3.1,7 Wildlife
No intensive wildlife survey data is available for Ngao DF. However, at least 61 bird species of 31 families were recorded during the bird survey in January 1987. In addition, several wildlife species such as serow, bears, wild pig, wild cats, barking deer, civets, monkeys, squirrels and others have been reported by local villagers. Legal
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Figure 2 Distribution of forest land use in Ngao Model Forest 8
3.2 Present Land Use
There are several categories of land use in Noao DF. Approximately forty percent of the forest area is under two national parks ThanI Pha Thai (69,607 ha or 39.74%) and Mae Yom National Park (1,244 ha or 0.71%). According to a study undertaken in 1993, land use in the area can be classified as follows:
FOREST AREA AREA ';Ia PERCENT COVER Everoreen Forest 4,172.13 2.38 Mixed Deciduous Forest 78,082.92 44.58 Dry Di teroc Forest 24,222,51 13.83 Productive Iantation 7,061.67 4.03 Protective Plantation 2,548.89 1.46 TOTAL FOREST COVER 66.28
NON-FOREST AREA AREA ha) PERCENT COVER Settlement Area 4,724.85 0.98 Aoriculture Area 8,095.32 4.62 Old Clearinos 48,868.92 27.90 Deforested Area 1989~93) 203.85 0.12 Water Bodies 49.86 0.03 Mining Area 128.52 0.07 TOTAL NON-FOREST COVER 33.72
TOTAL 175,159,0 100.00
3.3 Social and Coinmuni Considerations
There are 62 villages in the Ngao Model Forest or 5,170 households with a total population of approximately 48,000 inhabitants, Figure 3 shows the location of the villages in the project area. Approximately 16 percent of the total population are hill tribe peoples, They include Karen, Hmong, Yao and Ae Ko peoples who are scattered troughout the area and are located primarily in the mountainous areas, In contrast the non-tribal peoples are found primarily in the lowland areas along the main rivers in the I\Igao DF, A socio-economic survey was conducted as part of the planning phase for the model forest with support from the ITTO pre-project (PPD 5199 Rev. I (F)). This survey provides an excellent overview of the characteristics of the local communities. It indicates that 71.3% of the population hold land of which the majority own less than 1.0 ha. Integrated farmino including crops such as rice, various cereals, vegetables and small cash crops are the most coriumon land use. Fruit orchards are the second most coriumon aoricultural activity and represent 19.8% of agricultural land use.
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The survey Indicated that 86.8% of the people use fuel wood and charcoal for deneratino fuel for the household. Fuel wood is both collected for home use and for sale local I . The majority of the people also use local wood resources for the construction of their homes. Tile forests play an Important role in the provision of foods that are collected and hunted. These include bamboo shoots, mushrooms, veoetables and wildlife.
3.4 Economic Situation
The majority of the people generate their income from the agricultural sector, The amiual . Income averages 32,543 Baht per household, which is low by national standards (IUSS = 38 Ba. .'It at the time of the survey). On average 8.4% of this income is Generated from the collection of non-timber forest products, Landless peoples earn the majority of their income as casual labour many of whom earn important portions of their income, if not all, by working with forestry units located in the area, This includes work in plantation establislmient and maintenance, forest extension activities and forest protection. Access to forest products both wood and non-wood, is an important issue that is directly related to forest production, protection and the conservation of biodiversity.
3.5 Current State of Forest Maria ement
The Ngao DF is presently under the supervision of the Forest Mariaoement and Economic Research Division, Forest Research Office, Royal Forest Department. For administration purposes the area is divided into four forest management units belno, Mae Huat, Mae I\Igao, Mae Hang and Mae Teeb, They are very similar in size with each covertno close to 25 percent of the total area in the Demonstration Forest,
In addition to the four manaoement units there are 22 other forestry units located in the project area. They include 4 plantation units, I forest nursery center, I arboreturn, I forest pest control research center, 6 forest protection units, 2 watershed management units, I elephant health care center, I tree seed center, I national park headquarters, I forestry training station* I teak improvement center, I forestry extension unit and I experimental planting station.
Under the ITTO pre-project and in support of the PIarmino for the NIOdel Forest project, a data base for the project area was developed for the preparation of a forest inaneoement plan. This data base includes an up to date forest inventory, land~use classification, and the ppreparation p eruatic of maps15 :hematic trite, maps rare integratedinto a geographic into a geographic inforuiation inforuiation system. system. UsingUs trio this data set an updated forest inariaoement plan for the Noao DF has been prepared.
As noted earlier forest products are an important component of the local economy and the livelihoods of the local population. The !ogging ban which effects natural forests has therefore placed an increased importance on the establishmenc of plantations. In the NGao DF forest plantations are classified into two functional oroups: productive and protective reforestation. Productive forest plantations cover 7,000 ha. Protective plantations are primarily established to protect important watershed areas. Currently approximately 2,800 11 ha of protective plantations have been established. This area of activity together with work on agroforestry, afforestation and land entitlements in reserved forest areas are expected to grow in importance over the coming years' No detailed data is available on the sustainable management of non-timber forest products and this will be an important area of activity for the model forest project.
To address the problem of encroachaient the Thai government in 1981 undertook to provide people with Temporary Cultivation Rights (kilown as SPK and STK rights) to use land in national forest reserves. In the project area a total of approximately 4,500 ha have been allocated using this approach. This program has had mixed results and the lessons learned will be useful in PIarming model forest activities.
4.0 RATIONALE
4.1 Main Issues
The Ngao Model Forest covers an area rich in bio-diversity and includes two national parks. The existing resources exhibit a wide range of conditions from highly degraded sites to remote and fairly undisturbed areas. In addition, traditional fanning systems practiced by small landowners have created a complex mosaic of conditions, reflecting difficult economic, social and environmental conditions
The Kingdom of Thailand places great importance to forests that are sustainably managed with due care to the environment, The key issue is to reconcile the State s long-term interests for sustainable forest management and watershed protection with the needs, priorities and aspirations of the local populations. Important issues facing the Kingdom of Thailand include encroachment of forest lands, illegal logging, over exploitation of non-timber forest products and resolving conflicts in resource use and allocation between forest managers and local villages.
The goal, objectives and program of activities for the Ngao Model Forest have been identified with a view to address these issues, national policies and the teclmical issues confronting the forestry sectoT of Thailand, They are presented and described in chapters 5 and 6.
The anticipated benefits of the Ngao Model Forest relate not only to the project area, but to the Kingdom as a whole, since they are intended to give rise to new approaches and ideas that can be incorporated into government plans and targets. The successes and lessons learned in the Ngao Model Forest will serve as an example and inspiration for other columnnities to repeat this participatory approach.
4.2 Environmental Im act
Projects selected during the preliminary platming phase for the Ngao Model Forest have focused on sustainable forest management, with a view to improving management practices 12
and securing positive environmental impacts. As such these projects are expected to have positive environmental impacts which will contribute to promoting the establishiiient of sustainable forest management including the conservation of ecosystems and bio-diversit . The infonnation generated as a result of the projects undertaken in the Ngao Model Forest will, through their demonstrative effect, have positive impacts at a national level as well. On an armual basis the MF Steerino Committee will be asked to approve the annual budget and work plan which will include an environmental impact assessment of all activities. This assessment will be used 10 determine the possible impact of all sub-projects, and where such impacts are deemed as being significant, mitigation measures will be undertaken.
4.3 Gender and IB uitv
Projects approved under the I^Igao Model Forest will provide ample opportunity for enhancing the distribution of benefits, both tangible (e. g. income) and intangible (such as education, training and participation in the decision making processes), for women and disadvantaged groups within the coriumunity.
The Women's Union of Ngao will be an active partner in the Model Forest.
4.4 Sustainabili
In Canada the Model Forests have been operational for approximately eight years. Based upon the findings of the program evaluation undertaken after five years, it is clear that the broad range of partner organizations with their equally broad range of values and interests feel that the benefits which are accruino to them, exceed their inputs. It is on this basis that the individual model forests and the Network appear to be sustainable. While the experiences internationally cover a shorter period of time they mirror the experiences in the Canadian Network.
In addition, based upon experiences in other model forests in Chile, Mexico and Russia the national governments and the local partners have concluded that the model forest concept is a very cost effective way to supporting the sustainable management of forest resources.
5.0 GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
5.1 Goal
The overall goal of the project is to contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of forest resources in Thailand while deriving from these resources their full economic potential so as to improve the living conditions for rural families and communities.
The project strategy is to encourage the concerted involvement of various interested groups, locally and nationally, in the conservation and manaoement of natural resources* with a view to using these resources for productive purposes, while ensuring protection of 13
the environment and the conservation of bio-diversity, and meeting the needs of the local communities.
5.2 Derelo merit Ob'ectives
Seven development objectives have been set for the Ngao Model forest. They are the basis for the seven programs of work and are as follows:
I. To provide all partners with an up-to-date and easily accessible data base on forest land and resources, including non-timber forest products to support decision- making on land-use PIaiming and sustainable forest management; 2. To manage, protect and sustainably use all forest lands, including natural and man- made forests, maintain biodiversity and enhance watershed protection; 3. To improve the livelihoods of local populations through the sustainable use of forest lands and forest resources;
4. To conduct applied research and demonstration in support of the programs of activities to be implemented in the model forest, with special emphasis on the rehabilitation of degraded forest lands, the application of activities to support soil and water conservation and approaches to address encroachment of protected forest 'an, ,,
5. To increase the awareness and understanding of all padners, both professionals and technicians working at the field level, and local people and the public in general. The intention is to establish links between .research and operations so that new techiiologies can be made available to those who must apply them in their daily work.
6. To participate as a full member in the International Model Forest Network and thereby expand the capacity of the Ngao Model Forest partnership to develop, test and apply new approaches to support sustainable forest management. 7. To ensure the efficient and transparent management of the model forest through the building of an effective partnership and operation of a simple and efficient management structure.
6.0 PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES
6.1 Overview
The activities to be undertaken in the Ngao Model Forest, like all other model forests, are PIaimed, approved and implemented by the partners. Each activity supports the goal of defining new policies and approaches to sustainable forest management. The activities are 14
linked so that, collectively, they address the range of natural resource values and uses found in the local communities.
6.2 The Develo merit Phase
This initial work plan and proposal have yet to be fonnally adopted by the partners of the Ngao Model Forest. In its current form this proposal reflects and identifies programs and specific projects which are based upon work undertaken in the ITTO pre-project. This included extensive data collection and analysis, field visits, a detailed socio-economic survey, the preparation of a forest management plan, and discussions with organizations and individuals, many of whom are planning to participate in the project as full and active partners. .
Upon completion of this proposal the sponsors of the Ngoa Model Forest will convene a workshop which will be attended by the proposed model forest partnership. The objective of this workshop will be to have the proposed parmers review, modify and endorse the proposal. In this process the partnership will be officially created and they will take ownership of the proposal. The programs and activities which are outlined here are therefore subject to change as may be deemed necessary and so defined by the painership. These changes are not expected to significantly modify the programs of work but rather to bring more definition and detail to the objectives, specific programs, projects, work plans and budgets. It is anticipated that this workshop will be held within three months of the preparation of this initial work plan and proposal.
The partners of the Ngao Model Forest have identified, in a preliminary mariner, the following programs and activities to be undertaken in the Model Forest, They have been identified in such a way so as to address the issues highlighted in the previous chapters, putting special emphasis on involving local populations and addressing their needs and aspirations while at the same time, ensuring that forest lands and resources will be used in a sustainable way so as to protect not only the forest envirorunent but the whole landscape, including agricultural lands and water resources. The seven proposed programs are titled as follows:
Program I : Development of a Comprehensive Data Base Program 2: Sustainable Forest Mariaoement Program 3: Diversification of Economic Activity Program 4: Applied Research Program 5: Training, Extension, Public Awareness Program 6: Networking and Technology Transfer Prooram 7. Management and Administration
Under each program a series of activities have been identified and briefly described in the following pages 15
6.3 Pro ram I: Derelo merit of a Coin rehensive Data Base
6.3 .I Rationale
One of the main difficulties in implementing field-level activities in forest lands is the lack of accurate and up-to-date information on the status of present land use, land occupation and forest resources, Some of this information is available or has recently been collected as part of the ITTO pre-project. In some cases though, the level of detail is to broad for management purposes at the level of the village. This is particularly so with regard to non- timber forest products which play an important role in the local and household economy.
^ Provide all partners with a current, broad based and easily accessible data base on forest land and resources, including non-timber forest products (NTFP's) to support decision- making on land use planming and sustainable forest management,
6.3.3 Notes
All information collected, will be centrally located in the Documentation Center housed within the I\Igao Model Forest office.
PROGRAM I: DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPREHENSIVE DATA BASE
ACTIVITIES PARTNERS I. Develop a local geographic information system (GIS). For each of the Includes the training of the local partners in the use of the activities, list the system. The GIS will be located in the Model Forest project parttiers who will be office. involved 2. Collect and compile all available secondary information on forest resources including information on biodiversity, population dynamics, socio-economic data and knowledge of local o ulations, 3. Prepare an action plan to collect missing infonnation. This action plan will place special emphasis on the collection of data on nori-timber forest products, the use of forest resources by different population groups and by women in particular. Include a study on household economy and its de endence on forest resources. 4.1mplement the action plan in two 5,000 ha demonstration areas, using both traditional techniques and participatory a Toaches as a To nate. 16
6.4 Pro ram 2: Sustainable Forest Mariaoement
6.41 Rationale
The degradation of forest lands and forest resources is one of the main issues facin Thailand today. The challenge is particularly acute on marginal lands, in hill areas, inhabited primarily by tribal peoples, considered to be forest lands, but in realit used b local people, who have no other alternatives, to grow food, Past experiments with the allocation of land rights have shown mixed results. There is a pressing need to develo new approaches to sustainable forest management on the basis of renewed partnerships between local populations, governrrient institutions and other forest land users,
^
To manage, protect and sustainab}y use all forest lands, including natural and man-made forests, to improve the livelihoods of local populations* maintain biodiversity and enhance watershed protection
6.4.3 Notes
Responsibility for the management of forest resources in the Model Forest area lies with the Ngao Demonstration Forest. The Ngao Model Forest partnership will undertake the activities identified here in close collaboration with the DF and other partners and thereb support the achievement of the above noted objective. 17
PROGRAM 2: SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
ACTIVITIES PARTNERS I. Using the two 5,000 ha demonstration areas, expand the For each of the current general land use plan, integrating new and additional activities, list the data collected under Program I and 4 activities. Prepare parmers who will be specific examples of village land use plans, integrating new involved information on bio-physical as well as socio-economic as ects. 2. Using the two 5,000 ha demonstration areas, develop and implement specific forest management plan activities for the natural forest with special emphasis on the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable use/extraction of timber and non-timber forest products. (Linked to related research activi in Pro rain 4 . 3. Focusing on improved soil and watershed management, develop and implement models for the management and sustainable use of forest lands allocated to households (SPK rights) integrating fallow management and steep slope management techniques. (Linked. to related research activity in Program 4). 4. Focusing on the management of degraded forest lands, develop and implement models for enrichment planting of tree and non-tree species, to ensure the sustainable supply of products forest products at the village level. 5.1n association with the existing reforestation plans use adaptive management approaches to increase the range of wood and nori"wood products available from productive and protective plantation activities so as to benefit local communities 6. Develop local level indicators for sustainable forest mana ement. 7. Test and apply local level indicators, monitor changes over time and make recommendations to effect jin rovements in sustainable forest management. 18
6.5 Pro ram 3: Diversification of Economic Activi
6.5. I Rationale
There can be no sustainable management of forests if the local population that presentl use the forest lands in a variety of ways, particularly to ensure food security and dail survival, can no longer use and benefit from forest land and resources. Diversification of forest-based economic activities is crucial to generate benefits for local populations in order to encourage them to become active partners in the pursuit of the goal and objectives of the Model Forest.
^
To improve the livelihood of local populations through the sustainable use of forest lands and forest resources.
To create new and additional employment and income generating opportunities for local populations.
PROGRAM 3: DIVERSIFICATION OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
ACTIVITIES PARTNERS I. Undertake an assessment of the potential for the For each of the development of small-scale industries for forest and activities, list the agroforestry products; identify the most promising options. partners who will be involved 2. Implement the most promising small-scale income generating options including activities which address the needs of tribal co Ies and women. 3. Development of cultural and eco-tourism activities; analyze existing activities, develop a long-terni plan for eco-tourism. 4.1mplement most promising elements of the eco-tourism Ian. 19
6.6 Fro rain 4: A lied Research
6.6. I Rationale
There is considerable research work going on in Thailand in forestry. Nevertheless, applied research is essential to test sustainable forest management approaches and techniques that may be adapted to the local conditions in the Model Forest, particularly in silviculture (plantation, natural forest, degraded forest), agroforestry, sloping land management techniques, fallow management, integration of local knowledge, and participation of local populations.
^
To conduct applied research and demonstration in support of the programs and activities to be implemented in the Model Forest, with special emphasis on the rehabilitation of degraded forests, fallow land management and the productive use of vacant lands.
PROGRAM 4: APPLIED RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES PARTNERS I .Review applied research on silvicultural techniques For each of the applicable to both natural forest and plantations, identify activities, list the techniques that could increase productivity focusing partners who will be primarily on the local demand for fuel wood and timber for involved household construction, 2. Undertake applied research focusing on the development of methods to rehabilitate degraded forest lands. Focus primarily on the promotion of natural regeneration and enrichment planting of tree and non-tree species (e. g. bamboo . 3 . Develop models for integrated fallow management adjcularl on stee SIo es so as to reduce soil erosion. 4. Develop models of fallow management that expand the number of species being cropped and harvested with the objective of increasing products, yields and benefits to local farmers, 5. Undertake research studies to quantify sustainable yields of the most important non-timber forest products. 6, Undertake market studies to identify new opportunities for wood and non-wood forest roducts. 7. Using the National Parks as a study areas, undertake research to quantify the range and significance of local biodiversity. Focusing primarily on wildlife, other food sources and medicinal Iants. 20
6.7 Fro rain 5: Trainin Extension Public Awareness
6.7. I Rationale
Field-level professionals and teclmicians as well as participating local o ulations need to be trained in the new approaches and techniques that will be developed and promoted in the Model Forest. It is also essential to raise the awareness towards sustainable forest management and envirormiental protection at the local level as well as in Lamparig province and Thailand in general.
6.7.2 0b'ective
To increase the awareness and understanding of all partners, both professionals and technicians working at the field- level, and local people and the general public. The intention is to establish links between research and operations so that new technologies can be made available to those who must apply them in their daily work.
PROGRAM 5: TRAINING EXTENSION PUBLIC AWARENESS
ACTIVITIES PARTNERS I . Develop and implement a conrrnunications and For each of the extension strategy to disseminate activities and results of activities, list the padners the Model Forest to specialized groups and the general who will be involved ublic. 2. Resource Center: Establish a penmanent library, data base and document infonnation center available -to all partners and to the general public, including facilities to duplicate maps, reports and other documents. The Resource Center will also function as the Model Forest Office. 3. Prepareradapt extension and public awareness material and ensure wide diffusion, including a booklet describing and ex lainin the Model Forest. 4. Hold information sessions, organize/participate in workshops on topics related to the Model Forest. These should be done as appropriate at the village, district, rovincial and national levels. 5. Training courses for field-level staff, particularly on aspects related to peoples participation and related participatory approaches, micro land use planming, agroforestry and fallow management, soil manaoement, rehabilitation of degraded lands, etc. 6. Establish demonstration sites to serve as public awareness and technolo dissemination ofnts. 21
6.8 Pro ram 6: Net14, orkin and Technolo Transfer
6.8. I Rationale
The IMFN consist of 21 operating Model Forests with a partnership base in excess of 250 institutions and organizations who, through the Network, collectively bring a very significant level of expertise, knowledge and capacity to address issues related to sustainable forest management. Participation in this Network will allow the Ngao Model Forest to draw on this pool of resources to support the development of a Thai driven model of sustainable forest management.
^
To participate as a full member in the International Model Forest Network and thereby expand the capacity of the Ngao Model Forest partnership to develop, test and apply new approaches to support sustainable forest management
PROGRAM 6: NETWORKING AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
ACTIVITIES PARTNERS I . EXchange visits to other provinces in Thailand to For each of the benefit from the experiences of others active in activities, list the partners sustainable forest management and other fields of Model who will be involved Forest activi 2. Participate in the technical workshops and programs of the Asia Re tonal Model Forest Network. 3. Attend the periodic IMFN Tectmical Forums. Present Thai ex eriences 4. Participate in the IMFN technical programs by Toviding in ut on Thai experiences, 5.1MFNS support as a mentor in the development of the MF partnership and to act as a sounding board to all the members of the armershi . 22
6.9 Pro rain 7: Mama ememt and Administration
6.9. I Rationale
The Ngao Model Forest brings together a great variety of stakeholders, interest d approaches. Working together will require a structure flexible enou h that it c acconnnodate such diversity, simple enough to allow conrrnunication am on the variou levels and clear enough to define the specific rights and obligations of each of 't participants.
^
To ensure the efficient and transparent management of the 'Model Forest ititou h the building of a strong pathiership and the operation of a simple and ' efficient mana Ginent sumctore.
6.9.3 Notes
See also chapter 7 for an overview of the management structure.
PROGRAM 7: MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION
ACTIVITIES PARTNERS I . Set u the General Assembly of Parttiers All 2. Set up the Steering Coriumittee 7 members: 4 appointed by the sponsors and 3 elected b the Partners. 3. Establish the Ngao Model Forest Office. Hire Small staff of 4 or 5 people. Model Forest Manager, professional and support staff.
4. Set up Technical Advisory Connnittee As may be required. 5. Hold semi-armual and annual meetings of the All general Assembly of Partners. 6, Pre are annual work Ians and budgets, I*I an MF Mana er and staff 7. A rove amual work Ians and budgets. Steerin Comumttee 8. At the end of the third year, undertake a full Steering Committee, all evaluation and operational review. Partners, MF staff, internal and external funding a encies. 23
7.0 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
7.1 The Maria ememt Structure The management/administration of the Ngao Model Forest will include flexible mechanisms that allow for the participation of all of the partners in the decision making process and a penmanent but simple structure for day-to-day operations. Initially the Ngao Model Forest will be administered by the Royal Forest Department. Over time the intention is that the partnership will evolve into a legally registered organization. This will provide the organization with its owl independence and accountability thereby allowing it to:
detemnine policy appoint a project manager oversee the execution of the project to be accountable for approving and implementing budgets to establish linkages with relevant national and international organizations It is proposed that the management structure include the following bodies:
a General Assembly of Partners; a Steering Coriumittee; a Model Forest Manager and Staff; and a Technical Advisory Coriumittee The following roles and responsibilities are proposed for the above rioted bodies:
The General Assembly of Partners The General Assembly of Partners includes all of the stakeholders in the Model Forest. It meets, once or twice every year to review progress, set policies and priorities, appoin s Steering Conrrnittee members, review finances, budgets and plans for future activities. The General Assembly makes recommendations to the Steering Conrrnittee.
The Steering Committee The Model Forest Steering Coriumttee is the body that has overall responsibility for all Model Forest activities and is accountable for all of the activities undertaken and the funds spent in the Model Forest. It reports to the General Assembly of Partners. All s received in support of the Ngao Model Forest will be administered and managed throug the Steering Committee that will create specific accounts for this purpose. This wi ena e funds from the various contributors to be tracked independently from the nonnal operating budgets of sponsors and partners, The Model Forest Steering Coriumittee will be comprised of seven members, four o w to will be nominated by the sponsors and three will be elected by the General Assembly of Partriers. Members will be appointed/elected for specific ternis of three years on a
I 24
staggered basis so that not all members are replaced at the same ti . M b appointed/elected so as to represent the full range of armers, incl d' institutions, private associations, private sector finns, universities and oth d institutions, women and minority groups. The Steering Committee oversees day-to-day management and execut'0 , work plans, monitors expenditures, approves major capital purchases and a oint M d I Forest staff.
Model Forest Manager and Staff The Model Forest Project Manager co-ordinates daily o erations of th M d I F He/she overlooks all activities of participating partners, mana es the model f t t ff, prepares the armual work plan and budget and supervises its implementation, includ' th monitoring of expenditures. He/she is responsible to the Steedn Cornmittee and e rt t It.
The Model Forest staff is small in number and includes tree or fou t tm' I and support staff. The Manager and other staff are appointed b the Steerin C The teclmical staff should include a finance officer, a technical off d coriumuriication/training co- coordinator. Exact functions and terms of reference for the t ff will be set by the Steering Coriumittee. In selecting the Model Forest penmanent staff the Steering Coriumittee will ive refe e to local people who are knowledgeable in a broad range of activities and can re re e t th interests of all of the partners, especially women and minority ethnic groups. Technical Advisory Committee A Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) will be created to provide advice and uidarice to the Steering Committee and the Model Forest Project Manager. This committee will b created and its members appointed by the Steering Committee. Membership in the TAC will be drawn from within the Model Forest Partnershi d It outside specialized institutions and oroanizations as may be re uired on the b f specific competencies related to the Model Forest objectives and activities. The Steering Committee may establish other specialized coriumittees as ina re u' d It time-to-time to deal with specific issues (e. g. Communications), This outline of the management structure within the Ngao Model Forest has not dealt 'th every procedural point. Those items will be left to the partners to detennine when the N ao Model Forest becomes operational. Within this dynamic process it is intended that th partners themselves will adjust the management structure, procedures and norities as needs and requirements become apparent. 25
7.2 Creatin amd Stre, I henin the Partnershi
Full participation in the Model Forest of all partners is not a given. It will need to be fostered to ensure that the decision making process is truly participatory and in the best interests of all stakeholders particularly local populations, minority groups and women. Specific activities, such as workshops and other participatory processes, will need to be undertaken to strengthen the partnership and support the "weaker" and "less well organized" parttiers. This will ensure that their concerns and priorities are brought forward to the General Assembly of partners and considered in the platming and implementation processes.
8.0 WORK PLAN BUDGETS AND FINANCING
*
8.1 Work Plan
The next steps in development of the Ngao Model Forest will include a number of meetings of the parinership group. The first of these will be held from 22 to 24 November 2000 in Lampang. During the following few months this workshop will be followed by other meetings and discussions among the various. partners. These meetings will be key in defining how the partnership will evolve and work together. Initially a five year time frame is proposed for the project. Funding is being sought from the International Tropical Timber Organization to provide support for the first three years of this period. It is expected that the activities of the Ngao Model Forest will start modestly daring the first year and increase gradually in years two and three. The first three years of a Model Forest represent the critical consolidation phase that places emphasis on partnership development, and gathering key data and preparing plans. Projects will also be initiated during this period, including economic activities that provide direct benefits to local populations. 26
The following is a preliminary work plan, by outputs, for the first five years;
OUTPUT Pre- Year Year Year Year Year Pro^Ct Period One Two Three Four Five I - Partnership Develo merit 2. Comprehensive Data Base 3 . Diversification of Economic Activity 4. Applied Research
5. Training, Extension, Public Awareness 6. Networking and Teclmolo y Transfer 7. Development of Management Structure and Annual Planmin Processes 8. Evaluation and o erational Review
8.2 Evaluation and Pro rain Review
At the end of year three an evaluation will be conducted. This will coincide with the end of the funding which is being sought from ITTO. The evaluation will be participatory in nature involving all the partners and funding agencies. It will provide the basis upon which to review progress to date and to fine tune and reset the model forest structure to move into the next phase of its development. The tenns of reference for this evaluation will be developed by the Steering Committee and in association with the General Assembly of Partners and external funding agencies.
After the third year most model forest partnerships have developed a high level of trust and understanding and they begin to use this strong partnership base to focus more significantly on development projects, developing decision support tools, measuring performance and progress being made towards sustainability and policy related initiatives. It will also focus on securino new and additional financial and nori-financial resources for the operation of the Ngao Model Forest. 27
^.^
A preliminary budget of $Us 3.0 million has been set for the first five year period. Funding for the pre"project period is additional to this amount and is being sourced from RFD resources, the ITTO pre-project, the FAO/Japan Trust Fund Project and the IMFNS. The detailed allocation of project funds will be undertaken by the Ngao Model Forest partnership. The following is a preliminary estimate of the allocation of funds to project outputs expressed in percentage ternis:
Percent of Q^^t ^
I. Development of a Comprehensive Data Base 15 to 20 2. Sustainable Forest Management 25 3 . Diversification of Economic Activity 15 to 20 4. Applied Research 10 to 15 5 . Training, Extension, Public Awareness 10 to 15 6. Networking and Technology Transfer 10 7. Management and Administration 5 to 8 8. Evaluation and Operational Review 2 to 3
A-O
ANNEX
A-I
PROJECT PROPOSAL To THE INTERNATIONAL'TROPICAL TIMBER ORGANIZATION ITTO Submitted by the Government of Thailand
PROJECT ABSTRACT
TITLE: THE NCAO MODEL FOREST - A PARTNERSHIP IN STIFFORT OF SITSTAINABLE FORESTllylANAGEMENTIN THAILAND
SUMl^^RY: The Ngao Model Forest was developed to contribute to the conservation and sustaina e use of forest resources in Thailand while deriving from these resources their full economic potential so as to improve the living conditions for rural families and conrrnuntties, The project strategy is to encourage the concerted involvement of various in eros e groups, locally and nationally, in the conservation and management o Damn resources, with a view to using these resources for productive purposes, while ensuring protection o the environment and the conservation of bio"diversity, and meeting the needs o e oca conrrnuruties. The Model Forest is comprised of seven programs and a series o re ate ac ivi ies, seven programs are: I) Development of a Comprehensive Data Base, 2) Sustaina e . o1es Management, 3) Diversification of Economic Activity, 4) Applied Research, 5) Training, Extension, Public Awareness, 6) Networking and Technology Transfer and 7) Management and Administration The management!'administration of the Ngao Model Forest is based upon exi e echaiiisms that facilitate the participation of all of the 25 partner organizations an institutions in the decision making process
FIELD: REFORESTATION AND FOREST MANAGEMENT
IMPLEMENTING AGENCY: ROYAL FOREST DEPARTMENT
DURATION: 3 Years
BuncET AND PROPOSED SOURCES on Us s)
$ 959,469 a) In'O b) Goverirrnent of Thailand and Thai Project Partner Organizations $ 309,772 TOTAL $ 1,269,241 A-2
TABLE OF CONTENTS E^g^ FART I: CONTEXT
I . Origin A-4 2. Sectoral Policies A-5 3 . Programs and Operational Activities A-6
PART 11: THE PROJECT
I. Pro^Ct Ob'ectives A-7 I . I Development Objective I 12 Specific Objective
2. Justification A-7 2.1 Problems to be addressed 2.21ntended situation after project completion 2.3 Project strategy 2.4 Target beneficiaries 2.5 Techulcal and scientific aspects 2.6 Economic aspects 2.7 Environmental aspects 2.8 Social aspects 2.9 Risks
^!^ A-15 3.1 Specific Objective 3.1 .I Output I . Development of a Comprehensive Data Base 3.1.2 Output 2* Sustainable Forest Management 3.1.3 Output 3. Diversification of Economic Activity 3.1.4 Output 4. Applied Research 3.1.5 Output 5. Training, Extension, Public Awareness 3.1.6 Output 6, Networking and Technology Transfer 3.17 Output 7. Management and Administration
4. Activities A-17 4.1 Output I . Development of a Comprehensive Data Base 4.2 Output 2. Sustainable Forest Management 4.3 Output 3. Diversification of Economic Activity 4.4 Output 4. Applied Research 4.5 Output 5. Training, Extension, Public Awareness 4.6 Output 6. Networking and Technology Transfer 4.7 Output 7. Management and Administration
5. Lo foal Framework Worksheets A-21 A-3
6. Work Plan A-25
Z. ^^_t A-27 7.1 Overall Project Budget by Activity 7.2 Consolidated Total and Yearly Project Budget 7.3 Yearly Budgets by Source 7.4 Budget Worksheets
FARTlll: OPERATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS A-38
I . Mania Ginent Structure 2. Monitorin Re ortin and Evaluation 3. Future O eration and Maintenance
PART IV: TROPICAL TIMBER FRAMEWORK A-41
I, Coin nance with ITTA 1994 0b'eatives 2. Coin nance with ITTO Action Plan
ANNEX
A. Profile of the Executing Agency A-44 B. Terms of Reference of the Key Staff A-46 A-4
PART I: CONTEXT
I^^
The International Model Forest Network (IMFN) was established in 1994 and has evolved into an international initiative with 26 sites established, or in planariing, in I I countries with several more in the early stages of development. The Model Forest OOF) concept originated in Canada in the early 1990's in response to two major challenges. First was the intense conflict between forest managers and those outside traditional forest management structures. Many dissenting views on forest management had merit, but had no meaningful access to decision-making processes, and with 10nly limited obligation by those in authority to consult beyond this traditional piaimers and decision- makers. Second, sustainable forest management (SFM) remained largely an abstract concept, a good idea without practical expression.
MF's attempt to build local partnerships to engage the full spectrum of views on forest management to improve platming and management towards SFM. The impacts are substantial touching on good governance, sustainable economic development and diversification and improved policy-making processes, leading ultimately to improved policy. They are also potential demonstration and training areas for national forest programs,
The MF concept is adaptable to a range of ecosystems, forest types, and political jurisdictions; and address local issues. I\!ff"s need to maintain Thinimum aimbutes so that' the network has coherence, shared direction and multiple opportunities for beneficial eXchange. These attributes are:
. Farmership, a model forest provides a formn whereby the participants and agencies responsible for activities within the model forest area, are linked together by common objectives; . A commitment to sustainable forest management; . A land base large enough in size to incorporate the area's forest uses and values; . A range of activities reflecting the value of forest resources and addressing the needs of the collrrnunity; . All organizational and governance structure in which partners with different values can work. comfortably together; and . Building and sharing a knowledge base with others across the world in the Network of Model Forests.
MF's typically include collaboration in forest research and practices, conservation and protection, education, training and capacity building, economic diversification and development and measuring progress towards sustainable forest management.
Japan is a key partner in the IMFl\I and ill 1998 the goverinnent approved a three-year project in association with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the International Model Forest Network Secretariat (IMFNS) to provide A-5 funding to facilitate the development of a regional network of Model Forests in Southeast Asia. The funding allows countries in the region to become farmliaT with t e concept and provides some seed money for assistance in the conceptualization stages for Model Forests in China, My arumar, Philippines and Thailand. Thailand has placed a high priority on the model forest concept and in early 1999 ey submitted, and obtained approval of, a pre-project proposal to ITTO. This pre-projec (PPD 5199 Rev. I (F)), undertook the necessary field work, initial partriership development activities and data collection required to complete a model forest wor plan and this proposal. The objectives set for the pre-project have been fully met,
2. Sectoral Policies The Kingdom of Thailand attaches great importance to forests that are sustaina y managed with due care to the environment while providing economic, cultur , spiritua and social benefit, The relevant aspects of the national forest policy inclu e t e following (Cabinet resolution on 3 December 1985):
. Long-tenn guidelines for forest management and development sha e established to maximize national social and economic benefits and nation a security, with sufficient measures provided for environmental protection. Emphasis shall be placed on harmonized utilization of forest resources an ot er natural resources. . Forty percent of the country shall remain forested (25% protection forest and 15% productive forest). . Public and private sectors together shall develop and manage the forest area to achieve the objective providing perpetual direct and indirect benefits to e country. . The State shall develop a forest development plan as part of the namra resources development plan in the National Social and Economic Development Plan to harmonize a inntiial utilization action between forest resources an ot er natural resources. . To conserve and protect the natural environment, the State shall acce Grate t e city PIaiming process and designate specific area of forest, residentia , rura an agricultural areas in each province to prevent forestland encroachment, . A National Forest Policy Coriumittee shall be established under the Forest Acts for policy fomiulation, supervision and management of natural orest resources, . The State shall undertake extension programs to create public awareness, insti positive attitude, and proper skills on the wise use, as opposed to the negative effects of forest destruction and wasteful use, of forest resources.
3. Pro rams and O erational Activities This project is in confonnity with national programs of the Thai goverrnnent as o ows: A-6
. The 8th National Economic and Social Development Plan (1997 - 2001) that alms to increase forest area to 40% of the country area. This plan sugoests the concept of sustainable development for inariaoino the remainino natural resources to meet social and economic needs and a better quality of life . The Thai Forestry Sector Master Plan which places priority on su ort t manage the remaining natural forest for the conservation of biodiversit , protection of crucial watersh!eds, and multipurpose forestry, and at the same time promote plantation development . More recently to support the full participation of local communities in the sustainable management of forest resources the government is developino a new proposed Community Forestry Act. This Act, which is currently before the National Parliament, will address critical issues, of land use at the coinmunit level and facilitate the participation of local coinn}uni!Ies in the develo merit and implementation of forest resource manaoement ^Ians. The NGao Model Forest offers an excellent operational base to test and apply this pro OSed new Act, . A recent project approved by ITTO (PD 2199 Rev. 2 (F)), is developin^ a desi^n for a continuous monitoring system for the sustainable management of Thailand's forest resources. This project utilizes the National criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management. The Noao Model Forest ro'ect will provide a valuable field link to this project in the development of local- level indicators. The lessons learnt will be transfer able to other redions in the country.
Overall the outputs of the Ngao Model Forest Project will provide feedback to national policy makers on the effectiveness of current policies and the identification of modifications that will enhance these policies. A-7
PART 11: THE PROJECT
I, Pro^Ct Ob'ectives
I . I Development Objective To contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of forest resources in Thailand while deriving from these resources their full economic potential so as to improve the living conditions for rural families and conitnunities.
, 1.2 Specific Objective To establish a model forest partnership, fully representative of all land-uses and land-users in 1.1gao District to support the development of new approaches to sustainable forest management by addressing important issues which are facing the Kingdom of Thailand. These issues include, encroachment of forest lands, illegal logging, over exploitation of non-timber forest products and resolving conflicts in resource use and allocation between forest managers and local villages.
2. Justification
2.1 Problems to be addressed The Ngao Model Forest shares its boundaries with the Ngao Demonstration Forest which covers an area of 175,159 hectares, and is located north-west of Lamparig Province in northern Thailand between 18" 20' and 19' 05' north latitude, and 99' 45 and 100 05 east longittide (see Figure I). The area covers the headwaters of the Ngao river in northwest Lamparig Province. The Ngao Demonstration Forest was established in 1961. It is the only Demonstration Forest in Thailand and it has a long history of being the base for the introduction, testing and adaptation of new forest management techniques, The establishment of a Model Forest as part of the Demonstration Forest will further expand this history. A new forest management plan for the Demonstration Forest is corrently being completed as part of the InO supported pre-^Toject activities for the introduction of the Model Forest. This management plan will guide the day-to-day operations of the Demonstration Forest. The Demonstration Forest therefore provides the field base for the Model Forest. The Ngao Model Forest will undertake activities that are additional to those of the Demonstration Forest. It does not over-ride any existing legislation or administrative frameworks. Instead it will provide a forum within which the parttiers will undertake conaborative projects which address their broad range of forest based needs and values. And these projects, which are based upon adaptive management, when successful, will play a key role in supporting the development of new forest policies at the national level. The Ngao Model Forest covers an area rich in bio-diversity and includes two national parks. The existing resources exhibit a wide range of conditions from highly degraded sites to remote and fairly undistarbed areas. In addition, traditional fanning systems practiced by small landowners have created a complex mosaic of conditions, reflecting difficult economic, social and environmental conditions. The following table sunninarizes the current land use in the project area. A-8
LAND USE IN NCAO DEMONSTRATION FOREST
FOREST AREA AREA ha PERCENT COVER Evergreen Forest 4,172.13 2.38 Mixed Deciduous Forest 78,082.92 44.58 D Di teroc Forest 24,222,51 13.83 Productive Iantation 7,061.67 4.03 Protective Plantation 2,548.89 1.46 TOTAL FOREST COVER 66.28 ,
NON-FOREST AREA AREA ha) PERCENT COVER Settlement Area 4,724.85 0.98 A ticulture Area 8,095.32 4.62 Old Cleann s 48,868,92 27.90 Deforested Area (1989-93) 203.85 0.12 Water Bodies 49.86 0.03 Mining Area 128.52 0.07 TOTAL NON-FOREST COVER 33.72
TOTAL 175,159,0 100.00
The Kingdom of Thailand places great importance on forests that are sustainably managed with due care for the enviroiunent. The key issue is to reconcile the State's long-team interests for sustainable forest management and watershed protection, with the needs, priorities and aspirations of the local populations. Important issues, which are facing the inhabitants of Ngao Distr. iQt and the Kingdom of Thailand, include encroachment of forest lands, illegal logoing, over exploitation of non- timber forest products and resolving conflicts in resource use and allocation between forest managers and local villages. If these issues are not addressed the forest cover in the region will continue to decrease and with this decrease will come increased environmental degradation, increased soil erosion, and decreased forest and agricultural productivity, all resulting in an overall reduction in the economy and standard of living. A-9
The following "problem tree" was. prepared by the partners in the proposal preparation stage.
THE PROBLEM TREE CONSEQUENCE Forest cover is reduced through illegal logging and encroachinent. fl Sector Level The demand for forest products (timber and non-timber) exceeds KEY-PROBLEM the sustainable supply. fi CAUSES Lack of alternative sources of supply;
Lack of alternative means to secure needs; Data and knowledge base required to make management decisions is incomplete; and
Best forest management practices are not fully known.
2.21ntended Situation after Project Completion The situation anticipated at the completion of the first three years of the Ngao Model Forest is broken doom as follows:
2.2. I At the Local Level It is anticipated that by the end of the third year there will exist a strong and effective oca parttiership, which is able to understand each others needs and values. This wi significantly reduce the level of conflict in the area as the partnership uses t is understanding to define sustainable forest management in local ternis. At the field 16ve t e Ngao Model Forest will have established a Model Forest Center that will be accessible to all residents and provide valuable resource infonnation and support. A wide range of projects will have been undertake to demonstrate alternative approac es to achieving sustainable forest management. These projects will include activities t at wi identify best forest management practices to ensure that timber and non-tim^er fore. st products are being managed withn the concept of sustainable yield. Other projects wi identify new forest based economic activities that will provide alternative incomes to the local population, These will include projects in eco-tourism and the deve opment o markets for non-timber forest products. Applied research will be undertaken with special emphasis on the rehabilitation o degraded forest lands. In association with the Demonstration Forest, reforestation plans activities will be undertaken which will support adaptive management approaches to A - 10
increase the range of timber and non-timber products available from productive as well as protective forest plantation. Project outputs will also include applied research on silvicultural techniques applicable to both natural forest and existin Iantations, t increase productivity by focusing primarily on the local demand for fuel wood and timber for household construction. Similarly the model forest will have sup orted the develo t of models for integrated fallow management particularly on stee SIo es so as to d the number of timber and nori-timber species being cropped and to reduce soil erosio . Training provided will have increased public awareness towards sustainable f I. t management, environmental protection and the new approaches and tec}iniques that will be developed and promoted in the Model Forest.
The Model Forest will develop, test and apply local level indicators for sustainable fore t management and based upon monitoring activities will make recommendations to ff t improvements in forest management. The ITTO guidelines on criteria and indicators will be a base document for this work and the lessons learnt in their a Iication will be sh d with ITTO members.
2.2,2 At the National Level
Through the development of Networks at the national, regional and international Iev I th Model Forest will play a major role in the dissemination of infonnation and the ex ansion of knowledge and capacity building. The partnerships created will be much more effective in identifying, testing and applying new approaches to sustainable forest management. Some of the projects are expected to demonstrate viable alternatives to sustainable fore t management, which may be applicable at a national level. Through these types of activities the Model Forest is expected to play an important role in support of forest o11c development.
2.3 Project Strategy The key issues that this project attempts to address include, encroachment of forest lands, illegal logging, over exploitation of non-timber forest products and resolvin conflicts in resource use and allocation between forest managers and local villages. There are two wa s in which these issues can be addressed, One is through enforcement of the laws and the other is to try and understand the community behavior and then use this understandin to address the issues. The first approach has been med and to a large extent has failed. The supply of forest products in the project area does not meet the demands of the o ulation, This project therefore attempts to use the Model Forest concept to create a artnershi that will seek to define alternative approaches to resource utilization that will ensure the sustainable management of the forest resource, A-11
The approach and strategy to be applied is also reflected in the management structure outlined in Part in of this proposal. The key attributes that define the concept are highlighted in Section I of this proposal and repeated here as IbUows:
. Partnership, a model forest provides a forum whereby the participants and agencies responsible for activities within the model forest area, are linked together by coinmon objectives; . A cornimtment to sustainable forest nuniagement; . A land base large enough in size to incorporate the area's forest uses and values; . A range of activities reflecting the value of forest resources and addressing the needs of the coriummtity; . All organizational and governance structure in which partners with different values can work comfortably together; and . Building and sharing a knowledge base with others across the world in the network of modelfbrests.
The most important attribute in tilts list is the partnership. This project win succeed frougli the creation of a strong partnership that through trust and understanding builds and operates a simple, efficient and transparent Inanagement structure.
This strategy is fully supported and has been assigned a high priority by the Thai govenrrnent.
2.4 Target beneficiaries
The principal beneficiaries are the partner organizations and institutions and, most importantly, the people they represent who live and work in the Ngao Model Forest. The fi>Mowing, in random order, is a list of the Ngao Model Forest partners:
I . Royal Forest Department 2. Lampang Province Government 3 . Ngao Demonstration Forest 4. Kasetsart University, Faculty of Forestry 5. Tham Pha Thai National Park 6. Agricultural Land Reform Office 7. Ngao District Government 8. National Forest Policy Coinimttee 9. Forest Industry Organimtion 10. Tourism Authority of Thailand 11. Ngao Farmer's Association 12. Farmer's Federation of Thailand 13. RFD - Criteria and Indicators Technical Panel 14. Wildlife Fund Thailand 15, District Council (imphoe) 16. Sub-District Council (Tarnbon) 17. Village Council (Mooban) A - 12
18. Hill Tribe's Association 19. Women's Union of Ngao 20. People's Organization 21 . Village Headmen 22. Mae Yom National Park 23. Lampang Medicinal Plants Conservation Assembly 24. Charcoal Industry Representative 25. Wood Carving and Handicrafts Association
The benefits from the Model Forest will be as diverse as the partnership. For example, the Royal Forest Department will benefit by being able to use their experiences to develop and evaluate strategic policies initiatives. The NGO coriumunity will be able to participate in field level projects with community and government partners in the development of alternative approaches to sustalriable forest nuniagement. The local population will benefit through project activities which enhance the supply of timber and nori-timber forest products and thereby expand economic OPPortunxities at the faintly level. The international coriumunity at large, including ITTO, will benefit from the outputs and lessons learned in this project that will be disseminated through the Regional and international Model Forest Networks.
2.5 Technical and Scientific Aspects
The project partners will be involved in a number of activities with significant techixical and scientific components. These include activities related to the development of a comprehensive database, strategies for the sustain^ble management of NFTP's, the testing and application of local-level indicators, and the development of agrotbrestry and integrated follow management models. To ensure that all of the project activities are technicalIy sound the Ngao Model Forest will include in its structure a techntcal advisory committee. This conitnittee will be of individuals from the parttier organizations who have the necessary expertise to review and critique an projects. Where the expertise does not exist in the partnership outside e>^pertise will be engaged.
Linkages will also be established with other ongoing projects and related institutions. For example the Ngao ^^IF' activities related to local level indicators will be tinted to the ITTO supported project to "Install a Continuous Moultothig System for the Sustainable Management of Thailand's Forest Resources" (F'D 2199 Rev, 2 F). Shilarly, as appropriate, linkages will be established with The Center for Triteniational Forestry Research (CurOR), the International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICE Many of the Model Forests in the IMFN are involved in projects activities that are closel related to those in the I\Igao Model Forest. For example, the development of strategies for A - 13 the sustainable use of NTFP's is an activity in most Model forests. In these areas linkages with the IMFN and the regional Network being created in Southeast Asia (JaparVFAO Trust Fund Project), will serve as a useful tool to bring additional techiiical and scientific rigor to the Ngao Model Forest. 2.6 Economic Aspects The int^ionty of the -people in the project area generate their income from the agricultural sector. A socio-economic survey was conducted as part of the PIairrxing phase for the model forest with support from the ITTO pre-project (PPD 5199 Rev. I (F)). It found that amual income averages 32,543 Baht per household, which is low by national standards (IUS$ = 38 Baht at the time of the survey). On average 8.4% of this armual income is generated from the collection of non-timber forest products. Landless peoples earn the majority of their income as casual labor, many of whom earn important portions of their income i not all by working with forestry units located in the area. This includes work in plantation establishment and maintenance, forest extension activities and forest protection. Access to forest products both wood and non-wood is an important issue that is directly related to forest production, protection and the conservation of biodiversity. The project activities are designed to bring together the partners in the region to address their common concerns. These concerns include, economic, social and environmenta aspects. In Canada the Model Forests have been operational for approximately eight years, Based upon the findings of the program evaluation undertaken after five years, it is c ear that the broad range of partner organizations with their equally broad range of values . an interests feel that the benefits that are accruing to them, exceed their inputs. Some of these benefits are economic in nature however the Model Forest per se does not generate revenues or profits. The benefits accrue to the partners, the collmiunities, and the nation as a whole, through the transfer of the technologies and the related policy development activities. While the experiences internationally cover a shorter period of time t ey mirror the experiences in the Canadian network. 2.7 Environmental Aspects Projects selected during the preliminary planning phase for the Ngao Mo e ores ave focused on sustainable forest management, with a view to improving management prac ices and securing positive environmental impacts. As such these projects are expec e o av positive environmental impacts that will contribute to promoting the esta is en o sustainable forest management including the conservation of ecosystems an io iversi y. The information generated as a result of the projects undertaken in the Ngao o e ores will, through their demonstrative effect, have positive impacts at a nationa eve as we On an armual basis the partners and the Steering Committee will be asked to approve e amiual budget and work plan which will include an environmental impact assessment o a activities. This assessment will be used to datennine the possible impact o a projec , an A - 16 approaches to sustainable forest management on the-basis of renewed art h' b local populations, goverrmient institutions and other forest land users, The objective of this output is to manage, protect and sustainab1 11 f , including natural and man-made forests, to improve the livelihoods f I I : maintain biodiversity and enhance watershed protection ' 3.1.3 Output 3. Diversification of Economic Activity There can be no sustainable management of forests if the local o I t' h use the forest lands in a variety of ways, particularly to ensure food 't ' d survival, can no longer use and benefit from forest land and r, esources. D' T forest-based economic activities is cnicial to generate benefits fo I at I order to encourage them to become active partners in the pursuit of the at d b' of the Model Forest. The objectives of this output are I) to improve the livelihood of local o ulations itit h th sustainable use of forest lands and forest resources and 2) to create new and addit' I employment and income generating opportunities for local populations. 3.1.4 Output 4. Applied Research There is considerable research work going on in Thailand in forest , NGv rth I , I' research is essential to test sustainable forest management approaches and techn' th may be adapted to the local conditions in the Model Forest, adjcularl in l ' I (plantation, natural forest, degraded forest), agroforestry, sloping land mana ement tec}uniques, fallow management, integration of local knowled e, and adjc' t' f I I populations. The objectives of this output is to conduct applied research and demonstratio f the programs and activities to be implemented in the Model Forest, with ' I h on the rehabilitation of degraded forests, fallow land management and the d t' f vacant lands. 3.1.5 Output 5. Training, Extension, Public Awareness Field"level professionals and technicians as well as participatin local o I t' d be trained in the new approaches and techniques that will be develo ed and r t d ' th Model Forest. It is also essential to raise the awareness towards s t ' bl f management and envirorunental protection at the local level as well a L province and Thailand in general. The objective of this output is to increase the awareness and understand' f 11 , particularly those working at the field level including professionals, techn' ' , I I people and the general public. The intention is to establish links between rese h d A - 17 operations so that the new technologies can be made available to those who must apply them in their daily work, 3.1.6 Output 6. Networking and Technology Transfer The IMFN consist of 21 operating Model Forests with a parttiership base in excess of 250 institutions and organizations who, through the Network, collectively bring a very significant level of expertise, knowledge and capacity to address issues related to sustainable forest management. Participation in this Network will allow the Ngao Mo e Forest to draw on this pool of resources to support the development of a Thai driven ino e of sustainable forest management. The objective of this output is to participate as a full member in the International o e Forest Network and thereby expand the capacity of the 1.1gao Model Forest partnership to develop, test and apply new approaches to support sustainable forest management. 3.1.7 Output 7. Management and Administration The I\Igao Model forest brings together a great variety of stakeholders, interests an approaches. Working together will require a structure flexible enoug at it can accoinniodate such diversity, simple enough to allow coriumunication among the various levels and clear enough to define the specific rights and obligations of eac o its participants. The objective of this output is to ensure the efficient and transparent management o t e Model Forest through the building of a strong parttiership and the operation of a simple an efficient management structure. 4. Activities For each of the seven outputs a number of activities have been identified base upon preliminary discussions with the Ngao Model Forest partners. As noted elsew ere in t e proposal, it is anticipated that in the first year of the project the majority of the e on wi be extended towards the development of a strong and effective partnership. s eve s o trust and understanding grow it is expected that the armual work plans will modify t^e^e activities to ensure that they fully meet the aspirations of the partnership. T ere ore i is expected that some of these activities will be modified over time however the outputs, or main programs, as well as their related objectives will not change. This Ieve o exi i ity is required to ensure that the partnership remains empowered an e ec Ive. management structure proposed in Part 111 of this proposal, will ensure t at ey remain accountable to the parttiers and donors, 4.1 Out ut I . Develo merit of a Coin rehensive Data Base Activity I . I - Develop a local geographic information system (GIS). Includ^s e training of the local partners in the use of the system. The GIS will be locate in t e Model Forest proj ect office. A - 20 yields and benefits to local farmers' The models will be field tested in various regions of the project area and cover up to a total of 5 hectares. They will serve as penmanent research sites. Based upon the research results the two most promising models will be implemented in Output 2, Activity 4.5 - Undertake research studies to quantity sustainable yields of the most important non-timber forest products. The studies will focus on the itIree priority species as defined by the MF parttiership. Activity 4.6. - Undertake market studies to identify new opportunities for wood and non-wood forest products. Activity 4.7 - Using the National Parks as a study areas, undertake research to quantify the range and significance of local biodiversity. Focusing primarily on wildlife, other food sources and medicinal plants, 4.5 Out ut 5. Trainin Extension Public Awareness Activity 5 .I - Develop and implement a conrrnunications and extension strategy to disseminate activities and results of the Model Forest to specialized groups and the public in general, Activity 5.2 - Resource Center: Establish a permanent library, data base and document infomiation center available to all partners and to the general public, including facilities to duplicate maps, reports and other documents. The Resource Center will also function as the Model Forest Office. Activity 5.3 - Prepareradapt extension and public awareness material and ensure wide diffusion, including a booklet describing and explaining the Model Forest. Activity 5.4 - Hold infomiation sessions, organize/participate in workshops on topics related to the Model Forest. These should be done as appropriate at the village, district, provincial and national levels. Activity 5.5 - Training courses for field-level staff, particularly on aspects related to peoples participation and related participatory approaches, micro land use piaiming, agroforestry and fallow management, soil management, rehabilitation of degraded lands, etc. Activity 5.6 - Establish demonstration sites to serve as public awareness and tochiiology dissemination points. 4.6 Out at 6. Networkin and Teclmoloe: Transfer Activity 6.1 - Exchanoe visits to other provinces in Thailand to benefit from the experiences of others active in sustainable forest management and other fields of Model Forest activity. A - 21 Activity 6.2 - Participate in the teclmical workshops and programs of the Asia Regional Model Forest Network. Activity 6.3 Attend the periodic IMFN Teclmical Forums. Present Thai experiences. Activity 6.4 - Participate in the IMFl. { technical programs by providing input on Thai experiences. Activity 6.5 - IMFNS support as a mentor in the development of the MF partnership and to act as a sounding board to all the members of the partnership. 4.7 Out ut 7. Maria eruent and Administration Activity7.1 - Set LIP and operate the General Assembly of Partners. Activity 7.2 - Set up and operate the Steering Committee. Activity 7.3 - Establish the Ngao Model Forest Office. Hire Model Forest Manager, professional and support staff. Activity 7.4 - Set up and operate the Technical Advisory Committee. Activity 7.5 - Hold semi-annual and annual meetings of the general Assembly o Farmers, Activity 7.6 - Prepare amual work plans and budgets. Activity 7.7 - Approve armual work plans and budgets, Activity 7.8 - End. of project evaluation and operational review. 5. LOGICa! Framework Worksheets The logical framework matrix is presented on the following pages. LOGICAL F1^. AMEWORK MATRIX PROJECT ELEMENTS INDICATORS MEANS OF IMPORTANT VERIFICATION ASSUMPTIONS To contribute to the Model forest activities support Results from specific Model Govei'riment sponsors assign a conservation and sustainable modifications to forest Forest activities are broadly high priority to the LISe of forest resources wliile management practices and disseminated in Tliailand. dissemination of results. deriving from these resources policies. Where appropriate The resources required 10 tlieir full econoiiiic potential so recommendations are made to support the partnership are as to in, prove the living modify forest management niade available, Conditions for 11.11al rainilieS practices and inntience policy and coiniiiunilies. develo merit. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE To esiablisli a 1110del forest Eff^orive community based Ngao MF partnei, snip is Historical, CLIltural and social partnersliip, fully 1.13presentative decision making processes are created, and given the authority conditions and conflicts do not of all land~uses and land~users created and utilized. Year I, required to niake it fully inhibit creation of a viable in the Ngao District to support building organization. Year 2, accountable for its actions. partnersliip. the development of new confidence in the decision Partnership includes key land approaches to sustainable forest Government willing to test new making process. Year 3, value users, tanners, women and participatory management management. of process demonstrated to tribal peoples as ftill approaches as well as snare local community. participants. responsibili!y and accountabilit 61 61 < PROJECT EL^MENTS INDICATORS MEANS OF IMPORTANT VERIFICATION ASSUMPTIONS OUTPUT I. Natural resotirce data sets Year I, GIS/DSS system The GIS/DSS tools are 111ilized Development of a and the effectiveness is comprehensive database. in legrated into a I^60graphic designed. Year 2, system tested and management information and implemented, Year 3, demonstrated. system. System used as a broad based decision su ort tool. OUTPUT 2. Development of new Practical tools to assess and Year I , eXchange of The approaches developed are approaclies to support measure sustainability are information and knowledge, accepted and utilized SIIsiainable forest nianagement developed and applied. Year 2.10cal level indicators are developed. Year 3, testing Plantation models are and application. implemented, Farmers are maintaining Iantations establislied. OUTPUT 3. Diversification or economic Strategies and plans are Increased opportunities for Value and viability of projects local communities to activity developed to support forest are effectiveIy demonstrated. based economic expansion. participate in a broader base of Local authorities provide Including plans for NFTP's and economic activity. support reqtiired to facilitate eco-tourism, the development of new activities. OUTPUT 4. Applied researcli to support Research priorities are defined Completed researcli projects Research activities identify developineni activities and linkages are establislied to recommend practical local solutions which can be provide direct support to development alternatives to applied in the short-term, operational project activities support sustainable forest Farmers are supported and management. prepared to test Recommendations on best recommendations related to practices are made, best practices. disseminated and a lied, > I\, IP ,^ PROJl^CT I^LEMl^NTS INDICATORS M^ANS OF IMPORTANT VERIFICATION ASSUMPTIONS OUTPUT 5. Ti. aining, extension and public Communications strategies and Extension and public awareness All MF partners and ill awareness. plans are prepared and materials are prepared. A pal'Iicular tlie local media endorsed. doctimentation and Resource collaboraie as active Center is established. Model coilservation partners ill Forest develops and supports awareness development trainin ro rains activities. OUTPUT 6. Networking and technology A series of ongoing exclianges A full range of partners from Participation in national, transfer. and specific workshops are 1/1e MF pariicipale in regional and international developed and held to explore development and delivery or neiworking activiiies is different approaches to support related technical exchanges and assigned a high priority. sustainable forest Inariagenienl. workshops, Resources required to facilitate Long-term linkages are networking and collaborative establislied willI o111er related aclivities are secured. national and international irisiiiutions. OUTPUT 7. Development of effective and efficient manageinent and Management structures are Model Forest Steering Management structure is administrative systems establislied and the facilities Committee meets o11 a regular transparent and all of tile required to support the Model basis. Minutes of meetings partners are able to participate Forest are established. provide clear recoi'd of in management structtire. discussion, and decisions. Functioning Model Forest Office. .a' 61 < A - 25 6, Work Plan The work plan has been prepared by activity and is presented on the following pages. Some of the activities are shown as being continuous for extended periods of time however they will actually be implemented on a periodic basis as opportunities are defined or present themselves. For example Activity 5.5 MF Staff Training is intended to provide periodic short-term training of one to two weeks per year for key MF staff related to their sped IC project responsibilities. Each staff member will therefore undertake different training courses on a random and periodic basis over the lifetime of the project. The project proposal covers a three year period. , A " 26 WORK PLAN OUTPUTS/ACTIVITIES YEAR I YEAR 2 YEAR 3 01 Q2 03 Q4 Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Ql Q2 Q3 04 u in" eve up men o a ompre ensive Data Base I. I develop GIS 1.2 compile available jinfonnation 1.3 prepare action plan 14 implement action plan Outp"t 2 Sustainable Forest Management 2.1 demonstration land use plan 2.2 demonstration forest Mgt. plan 2.3 fallow Mgt. model 2.4 enrichment planting model 2.5 adaptive plantation Mgt. 2.6 develop local level indicators (LLl) 2.7 test and apply LLl Output 3 Diversification or Economic Activity 3.1 small scale economic dev. plan 3.2 implement economic dev. Plan 3.3 eco-tourism dov. Plan 3.4 implement eco-tourism plan Output 4 Applied Research 4.1 review silvicultural techniques 4.2 research on enrichment planting 4.3 develop fallow Mg. Model 4.4 develop enrichment planting model . 4.5 research WFP yields 4.6 NTFP market studies 4.7 biodiversity research Output 5 Training, Extension and Public Awareness 5.1 communication strategies 5.2 resource centre 5.3 prepare extension materials 5.4 MF workshops (21year) 5.5 MF staff training 5.6 establish demonstration sites "tp"t etworking and Technology Transfer 6.1 national exchanges 6.2 Regional MF workshop 63NFM Forums 6.4 input into IMFN data base 6.5 support from IMFN Output 7 Ma"agement and Administration 7.1 setup pomership group 7.2 create management board 7.3 create MF office 74 create technical advisor committee 7.5 hold annual general meetings (3) 7.6 prepare annual work plans 7.7 approve annual work plans 7.8 evaluation A - 27 Z^^L The following project budgets are presented on the following pages: 7.1 Overall Project Budget by Activity 7.2 Consolidated Total and Yearly Project Budget 7.3 Yearly Budgets by Source 7.4 Budget Worksheets , 7.1 OVERALL PROJECT BUDGET BY ACTIVITY BUDGl^T COMPONENTS OUTPUTS/ACTIVITIES 10. PI'oject 20. Sub- 30. Duty 40, Capital 50, Consum~ 60. Misccll:I- Quarter GRAND Personnel Contracl Ti';IVCl Items able Items neous Year TOTAL Output I Development of 61 Coinjii. chemsiv, , D^tan Busc 11 develop GIS 4,300 19,500 Q2~Q4/Yl 23,800 I. 2 compile available jiltfonnation 900 2,000 1,650 Q3-Q4/Yl 4,550 1.3 prepare aciion plan 2,700 2,000 4,950 Ql/Y2 9,650 1.4 jinplemenj action plan 12,150 14,850 Q2-Q4/Y2 27,000 *. *' :"*:";' '*:.**.:*t:.'*** A'**'* '.*$9:.**"*:.\*: **..*"***!$.\!. *. ! . ', *:. * *.-'*'. + .;,'* * .-..' *. "..' . in * ~.,.^ *.... ,...,.. ..\.. L. .. ..*..*.. \.. * *, .,. .. ** " ".*.,." . ..*.,' *."...*..,.. * J ,;..*, u. 2.1 demonstration land use plan 4,050 2,000 9,900 Ql-Q2/Y2 15,950 2.2 dentonslrtitioii forest Mgt. plan 40,000 2,000 23,850 10,000 Q4/Y2- 75,850 41Y'3 2.3 fallow Mgt. 1/10del 19,200 6,400 4,800 Q4/Y2. 30,400 41Y3 24 elmclunent planting niodel 19,200 6,400 4,800 Q4N2- 30,400 41Y3 2.5 adaptive phalliaiioit Mgi 12,000 5,000 3,000 Q4/Y2- 20,000 41Y3 2.6 develop local level indicators (L, Ll) 1,800 2,000 4,800 Ql-Q/Y2 8,600 2.71est and apply LLl 4,500 12,900 Q3/Y2~ 17,400 41Y'3 . * * * .' '.'*. A. -.... $.*-;*;**;-<:*,*tittj#a$^*$*!**!;*:<****::-;;;;*:<;;<*:;::;*::,:;it;*;**'** I;$t@t;it*^; ,$44^^!;*^,,, ;$*$tie;*<*$:;*;*;6;;:^4'@: ;,*;*:,*!!*,-:,;!*-.;^^;;';*$@: ;,**>.*;*, A\*><;**;**";;"q; .*...,>.*.>:\.*:*...*..:h, ..+.,.*v*...... mm ...... , at$*;$^^*,^.;;;^;^; *5:49, *:,,* :.*.*: ;,*, t:.' $3;;;$$;$;^" Output 3 Dive, 'sinc:, tioii of Economic Activity 3.1 small scale economic dev. plan 1,800 2,000 3,300 Ql-Q2ry'2 7,100 3.2 implement economic dev. Plan 16,000 26,800 12,000 Q2/Y2. 54,800 Q2/Y3 3.3 eco-tourism dev. Plan 1,800 2,000 3,300 Ql-Q2N2 7,100 3.4 implement eco-tourist11 plan 8,000 13,400 co 6,000 Q3/Y2- 27,400 01 21Y3 *$;^;;*****;*'*;;a$****-::.* $4*!;$*$,*-.*::*\*,**;:**;;$;:*!*$^;b*tilt^it^;S'it$"'***:-:**;^^"^^;^' gag$*$^$;;;^^^Q;!@; $*.:."*;:.**.:*,:!> .. : , , ; ;:'*'*;*$;*;$\**.*::****3>**.*:**:***$*;:* !**:-'. . ;:**-*;-.-*:****a:*:<*>:;!;$> < $3<*;*;^^;^g; . ' a. ,.*...... *".***. A...... ;$$$$^^^;^@@;..+*.*,.* .." .:*...*...**.*:**: BUDGET COMPONENTS GRAND OUTPUTS/ACTIVITIES 10. Project 20. Sub. 30. Duty 40. Capital 50. Consum- 60, Miscella- Quarter Personnel Contract Travel Items able Items neous Year TOTAL Output 4 Applied Research 4,550 4.1 review silvicultural teclmiques 900 2,000 1,650 Q4Nl 7,100 4.2 research on enrichment planting 1,800 2,000 3,300 Q4/Yl 750 16,150 4.3 develop fallow Mgt. Model 4,800 4,000 6,600 Q4Nl" Q2/Y2 4.4 develop errichinent planting model 4,800 4,000 6,600 750 Q4/Y I - 16.15.0 Q2/Y2 17,300 4.5 research NTFP yields 5,400 2,000 9,900 Q I. Q2N3 4.6 NTFP market studies 1,800 2,000 3,300 QIN2 7,100 12,200 4.7 biodiversity research 3,600 2,000 6,600 Q2-Q4/Y2 \. ., 44 .,-~-,",,;..;-$?1950 * * ":..4tht*jay^on :,!.. t\;';..;-11'.; 11:14:1**$;*11 '4*.*; 11\%' , ::#$$ $" $111*\*$*;;tit*;Apt;*;;?, flit#!*;:;^A^$t^^;\ ,!I. , J, ,t %;%^i *;;!:-;;;;;4^;$^!, ' ": -...'-', I, * I, ,I. :,' 1, ,,,,*,,,,, ;jq Out unt 5 Trainin , Extension and Public Awareness 5.1 communication strategies 2,000 3,300 , 5.2 resource centre 1,500 3,000 2,000 Q3/Yl 6,500 14,950 5.3 prepare extension materials 10,000 4,950 Q2/Yj. Y3 26,000 54 MF workshops (21year) 2,000 21,000 3,000 Q3Ni. Y3 Yl-Y3 30,000 5.5 MF staff training 30,000 Y2 5.6 establish demonstration sites 5,000 5,000 ...... " ,,.- ., . .,,. ,, . ... . "..'*"', ~ it*,**-:;,:,'14'110^ ;; ', ' ,' , . , ' . 11 \ ..*:;"*! I:';!;;::;':;:::',;I^^!$0 .,,-',,'.;,,;!,. it4;;;';,*!1110 I*;*-in*;at- -, #. it .\*;;#$:-AAA*!14:44:4$!I^i * ,"$ -., t \'iAt$4\11:^ ill. .,..,. . .,,. . ,.. ,, ft;$;;:i'lj!$;91^ Output 6 Networking and Technology Transfer Yl-Y3 14,850 6.1 national exchanges 14,850 13,500 6.2 Regional MF workshop 13,500 Q2/Yj-Y3 22,500 6.31}!FM Forums 22,500 Q4N I -Y3 Yl-Y3 1,000 6.4 input into IMFN data base 1,000 54,450 > 6.5 support from IMFN 31,500 6,000 16,950 Q3/Yi-Y3 I\, ^ 11 ,, ^11 , .;:,. ....ii*.,...... 18 ^^A init*t**^, "!***:*14* ,,:,, I. ,:*a, ,. '*^11^; ;!#j;^,\;.. \%,;;\%^^ Ing" !!t^I%4 -.^- -- BUDGET COMPONENTS OUTPUTS/ACTIVITIES 10. Project 20. Sub- 30. Duty 40. Capital 50. Consum- 60. Miscella. Quarter GRAND Personnel Contract Travel Items able Items neous Year TOTAL Output 7 Management and Administration 7.1 semp partnership group 2,000 3,500 500 QINl 6,000 7.2 create management board QINl o 7.3 create MF office QINl o 7.4 create technical advisor committee QINl o 7.5 hold amual general meetings (3) 6,000 28,500 1,500 Q4/Y I-Y3 36,000 7.6 prepare annual work plans 6,000 QINi-Y3 6,000 7.7 approve annual work plans QIN I-Y3 o 7.8 evaluation I0,500 2,000 8,950 Q4N3 21,450 ...... ,. ., , . .. .,.... .,. .. , .,., gill'i- .Win;, ;*:"; . ; '1, /11/6;000 ..:.:;; ,.:;;^'::;4. ^;9$': " .' ,:;111.1!-..,.. .;..{. " ~ .I!, . .10 *jin ..,... .,, I , .'.. kiwi*!:;!;;!,;!;!*;4,141*;;,!;;I-,-*tilt^^>it^j4!;^, Wiltt;;;I^;500, I*-*-;',...... 1:44:42;coq ,.-, ~ ., . .,.\:,..,,,.,;. ..,;;!:;1:6^;. . . . !,;.~,. ' '.':4541 .*. . On-aC IV, y in e expenses (1) Vehicle (4x4) 40000 40,000 (2) Computer 3000 3,000 (3) Printer 1000 1,000 (4) Fuel, insurance & vehicle maintainance 12000 12,000 (5) Utilities 7200 7,200 (6) Office supply and stationary 6000 6,000 (7) Sundry 1800 1,800 (8) Auditing 3600 3,600 (9) Coringencies 15000 15,000 (10) Project secretary 18000 18,000 ..,.. .~ ...... :, ,,:. 11. . .. * ,.@ .. Ary:.-;...... -;,;8000 .. ,.,. . t:;"limit, :. '11.11. t: ";10 I 11- ' ""I' ,I I .;,:.,, - I. ."' ' '''' 11*Witty .,. .. .!I, 11" I;-"' I. I" ~;4:1 " ..-*:"'$732:0q ...... 2^i'400 t;%;\;it;'$:,::'144;;tilt-wilt^A^It^It^,!;. it. ;;;"{;-*;;!11n?;;q^.; , .. 11:1-;;:, 14. .-:\*;^!^ Sub-total (ITTO) 257,200 68,000 319,250 79,700 67, I 00 20,400 811,650 o o Q Sub-total (E. Agency) 94,500 67,500 1,500 163,500 r, , TOTAL 351,700 68,000 319,250 147,200 68,600 20,400 975,150 < A-31 7.2 CONSOLIDATED TOTAL AND YEARLY PROJECT BUDGET BUDG^T CONIPONENTS TOTAL YEARl YEAR2 YEAR3 10 Project Personnel 13. Other labour 167,200 33,000 50,000 84,200 14 Traitiirig fellowship 30,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 15 . international e>roert 31,500 10,500 10,500 10,500 16. interimtional consultsnt 10,500 o o 10,500 17. ETqject Secretary 18,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 19. Component total 257,200 59,500 76,500 121,200 20 Sub-contracts 21. Sub-contract 68,000 19,000 24,000 25,000 Component total 68,000 19,000 24,000 25,000 30 Duty Travel 31. Daily Subsistsnce Allowance 247,850 62,000 87,000 98,850 32. international travel 37,450 9,400 9,400 18,650 33. Local transport costs 33,950 8,500 12,000 13,450 39. Component total 319,250 79,900 108,400 130,950 40 Capital Items 43. Vehicles 40,000 40,000 o o 44. Capital equipment 26,500 26,500 o o 49, Component total 66,500 66,500 o o 50 Consumable Items 51. Raw material 44,100 o 11,000 33,100 53. Fuel and Utilities 19,200 6,000 6,000 7,200 54. Office Supplies 17000 7,000 5,000 5,000 59. Component total 80,300 13,000 22 000 45,300 6 Miscellaneous 61 . Sundry 1,800 600 600 600 62. Auditing 3,600 1,200 1,200 1,200 63 . Contingencies 15,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 69. Component Total 20,400 6,800 6,800 6,800 7 Executing Agency thingGinent Cost (15%) 146,272 79. Component Total 146,272 SUBTOTAL 957,922 8 ITTO Monitoring, Evaluation and Administration 81. Monitoring and Review Costs 15,000 82. Evaluation Costs 5,000 83. Prograinme Support Costs (5.5%) 45,740 89. Component Total 65,740 9 Refund of Pre-Project Costs 82,079 10 GRAND TOTAL 1,105,741 A - 32 7.3 YEARLY PROJECT BUDGET BY SOURCE 7.31 YEARLY PROJECT BUDGET BY SOURCE ~ inO CONTRIBUTION BUDGET COMPONENTS TOTAL YEAR I YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Project Personnel 13. Other labour 16720 33.00 50.00 84,20 14 Trading fellowship 30.00 10.00 10,00 10.00 Ismten^tional e>:pert 31.50 10,500 10.50 10.50 16. international consultsrLt 10,500 o o 10,500 17. Project Secretary 18,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 19. Component total 257,200 59,500 76,500 121,200 20 Sub-contracts 21. Sub-contract 68,000 19,000 24,000 25,000 29. Component total 68,000 19,000 24,000 25,000 30 Duty Travel 31. Daily Subsistallce Allowance 247,850 62,000 87,000 98,850 32. internetionaltravel 37,450 9,400 9,400 I8,650 33. Local transport costs 33,950 8,500 12,000 13,450 39. Component total 319,250 79,900 108,400 130,950 40 Capital Items 43. Vehicles 40,000 40,000 o o 44. Capital equipment 26,500 26,500 o o 49. Component total 66,500 66,500 o un 50 Consumable Items 51 . Raw material 44,100 o 11000 33100 53. Fuel and Utilities 19200 6,000 6000 7200 54. Office Supplies 17000 7,000 5000 5000 59. Component total 80300 13,000 22000 45300 60 Miscellaneous 61 . Sundry 1800 600 600 600 2. Auditing 3600 1,200 1200 1200 3. Contingencies 15000 5,000 5000 5000 9. Component Total 20400 6,800 6800 6800 SUBTOTAL I 811,650 244,700 237,700 329,250 80 O Monitoririg, Evaliiation and Adjrtintstration I . Moultofuig and Review Costs 15,000 $ ...... *. .. t...... *,>...+.~*. " ' ' ' ' ' '.'.'.'...\...... **.\...... '., .'-"*'.'.'.'...... 'r^*.... .,~...... '.' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' Va untiOn OStS ...... ,*.. A. .".*'.' <4"*. r".<*:* it 5,000 ;;; .**.*W"""""""" " . . . . ,.....,, ...... * . . . ...... **.* ...... rograttune Support Costs (5.5%) 45,740 in v, c. '.' ' *'.'.'. '. .'.<'.'.'.'*, '.'. '*...... '.'*,.<<.*...."....".*. v. .. Dinponent Total **:.:.*:.'.'.'<.'. '*.'.*.\*....* ... J...... *..~...... 65,740 a ...... ,...... *.- ...... " ** - * - * - ...... *-.....,, ... ., .'.*,'.'.' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' . .=, . . . .'.'.'.\'. '.' ' ' ' ' ' ' CF- ...... , v """""" "' eftind of Pre-Project Costs 82,079 ;;; " ...... ,..~... \ ...... ,.*~ ...... *, *.' , '.'.' '.'. '.'.' '.'.,..'.'.'.'.' '.'.'.'.'.'.' '.'. '.'.'..'.*',.*'.*' ~ W , ' *' ' ' ' .....,...,.~* .,*. * * '.'.'.'.'..". " **... ,. ....*...... *.,. *. " .'*<.'**. 4". **. * . ...' .'.. , .*'.' '.' '. .<. v . . . .,..*... L . 7.3. z YEARLY PROJECT BUDGET BY SOURCE - ExcuTiNC AGENCY CONTRIBUTION BUDGET ConiPONlaNTS TOTAL YEARl YEAR 2 YEAR3 10 Project Personnel - Project Manager (1) 12,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 - Pro^CL coordinator (1) 15,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 - National experts (4) 60,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 - Diver (1) 7,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 Sub-total 94,500 31,500 31,500 31,500 40 Capital Items - Office space 18,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 - Funiitore 4,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 - Used trucks (1) 45,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 Sub-total 67,500 22,500 22500 22,500 50 Consumable Items - Office supplies and facilities 1,500 500 500 500 Subtotal 1,500 500 500 500 Snub-total (E. Agency) 163,500 109,000 109,000 109,000 70 Executing Agency Management Costs (15%) 146,272 .'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.' '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.*,'.'.*'.'.*' ,.*.~.*...*..~....*..~~..*." '~"*.*,.*.,...*.,.*..,*..* ...... ".~ ., t'"t*\t', t'.\,.\\'.\,.,,,, *.:<$:<.:.:-:.:<*:.:<*<**.:**:*:< ,.,,*.:<*;3:13. ^.;*^.,, :<<.:<6:.:,::c. : \ A - 34 7.4 BUDGET WORKSHEET Activities inputs No. unit cost Quarter Budget Total Units and Quality Crimponen Ninount Output I Development of a Comprehensive Data Base 1.1 develop GIS - I national GIS expert (DSN2 M) 60 50 Q2-Q4-Yi 31 3,000 - 2 domestic travel (air ticket & taxi) 2 150 33 300 - muting I, ^' scoff (4x5) 20 50 31 1,000 - GIS computer hardware 2,500 44 2,500 - GIS software 2,000 44 2,000 ~ Plotter 15,000 44 15,000 12 compile avallable - project staff (I month) 30 50 Q3-Q4/Yl 31 1,500 nitrormation - I domestic travel 150 33 150 - 2 field assistances (I I'D 60 15 13 900 - report on GIS processes 200 10 21 2,000 1.3 prepare action plan - I, ^' stall(I I, ,3 p^,^. ng) 90 50 QIN'2 31 4,500 - domestic travel 3 150 33 450 - 6 nerd assistan. es (I I'D 180 15 13 .2,700 - action plan report 200 10 21 2,000 1.4 unplement action plan - project staff (31,113 persons) 270 50 Q2-Q4ry2 31 13,500 - 9 domestic travel 9 150 33 1,350 - 9 field assistances (31vO 810 15 13 12,150 Sub-total 65,000 Output 2 Sustaimable Forest Management 2.1 demonstration land use - national experts cosNl. Sun2 135 50 Ql. Q2/Y2 31 6,750 plan ex errs) - project coordinator (DSA/1.5 M) 45 50 31 2,250 - 6 domestic travel 6 150 33 900 - 6 field assistances (1.5 months) 270 15 13 4,050 - land use plan report 200 10 21 2,000 2.2 demoirstration forest - national o - domestic travel 9 150 . 33 1,350 - local labor 4000 10 13 40,000 - planting material^ 10,000 51 10,000 - forest MgL Plan report 200 10 21 2,000 2.3 fallow Mgt model - I, IF' staff (DSA) 128 50 Q2/Y2. 31 6,400 Q4N3 - local labor 1920 10 13 19,200 ' planfuig materials 4,800 51 4,800 A - 35 Total Activities Inputs No. unit cost Quarter Budget Units and Quality Component Amount Output 4 Applied Research 41 review silviculturol I national experts (TM) 30 50 Q4/Yl 31 1,500 tochiliques I domestic travel 150 33 150 2 field assistances (I M) 60 15 13 900 silviculturalteclmiques report 200 10 21 2,000 4.2 research on enrichment I national experts (2M) 60 50 Q4Nl 31 3,000 planting 2 domestic travel 2 150 33 300 2 field assistances (2 M) 120~ 15 13 1,800 . ., 200 10 21 2,000 enrichment planting report \ \ 4.3 develop fallow Mgt. - 2 national experts (2M) 120 50 Q4Nl~ 31 6,000 Model Q2ry'2 - 4 domestic travel 4 150 33 600 - 2 field assistances (2M) 120 15 13 1,800 - local labor 3,000 13 3,000 - raw materials 750 51 750 - fallow Mgt. Model report 400 10 21 4,000 4.4 develop enrichment - 2 national experts (2M) 120 50 Q4/Yl- 31 6,000 planting model Q2N2 - 4 domestic travel 4 150 33 600 - 2 fidd assistances (2M) 120 15 13 1,800 - local labor 3,000 13 3,000 - raw materials 750 51 750 - enrichment planting Model report 400 10 21 4,000 45 research NTFP yields - 3 national experts (2M) 180 50 Ql-Q3N3 31 9,000 - 6 domestic travel 6 150 33 900 - 6 field assistances (2 M) 360 15 13 5,400 - NTFP report 200 10 21 2,000 4.6 NTFP market studies - 2 national experts (IM) 60 50 QIN2 31 3,000 - 2 domestic travel 2 150 33 300 - 4 field assistances (I M) 120 15 13 1,800 - NTPP market report 200 10 21 2,000 31 4.7 biodiversity research - 2 national experts (2M) 120 50 Q2-Q4/Y2 6,000 - 4 domestic travel 4 150 33 600 - 8 field assistances (IM) 240 15 13 3,600 - NTFP market report 200 10 21 2,000 Sub-tota 80,550 A - 36 Activities Inputs No. unit cost Quarter Budget Total Units and Quality Coinponen Amount O"tout 5 Training, Extension and Public Awareness 5.1 communication ~ 2 national experts (I M) 60 50 Q2/Yl 31 3,000 strategies - 2 domestic travel 2 150 33 300 - communication strategy report 200 10 21 2,000 5.2 resource centre _ I Ivne staff 30 50 Q3/Yl 31 1,500 - computer 2,000 44 2,000 - printer/copier 1,000 44 1,000 - education materials 2,000 51 2,000 5.3 prepare extension - MF staff (3M) 90 50 Q2Ni. Y3 31 4,500 materials . - 3 domestic travel 3 150 33 450 - MF booklets 1000 10 21 10,000 5.4 MF workshops (21year) - ME staff (10 persons) 6 1,500 Q3Ni. Y3 31 9,000 - participants (30 persons) 6 1,500 31 9,000 - domestic travel 6 500 33 3,000 - raw materials 6 500 54 3,000 - workshop reports 200 10 21 2,000 5.5 MF staff training - followships for training 15 2,000 Yl-Y3 14 30,000 5.6 establish demonstration - raw materials 25 200 Y2 54 5,000 sites Sub-total 87,750 Output 6 Networking and Technology Transfer 6.1 national exchanges - MF staff (3P/3G/3 trips/3 year) 81 50 Yl. Y3 31 4,050 - domestic travel 27 400 33 I0,800 6.2 Regional un workshop - MF staff (3 persons/year) 45 100 Q2Ni-Y3 31 4,500 - international travel 9 1,000 32 9,000 6.31NFM Forums - MF staff (3 persons/year) 45 100 Q4Ni .Y3 31 4,500 - international travel 9 2,000 32 18,000 6.4 input into 11^ffN data - internet services 1,000 Yl-Y3 54 1,000 base 6.5 support from IMFN - I international experts 00 days/year) 90 350 Q3/Yj-Y3 15 31,500 - I international experts (30 days/year) 90 100 31 9,000 - 3 domestic travel 3 150 32 450 - 3 international travel 3 2,500 32 7,500 - reports 600 10 21 6,000 Sub-total 106,300 A - 37 Total Activities inputs No. unit cost Quarter Budget Units and mart Conipoment Annount Output 7 Management and Administration 7.1 setup partnership group 1.1F staff (10 persons) 1,500 QINl 31 1,500 participants (30 persons) 1,500 31 1,500 domestic travel 500 33 500 raw materials 500 54 500 - workshop reports 200 10 21 2,000 7.2 create Inanegement QINl board 7.3 create TVff office QINl 7.4 create tochical advisor Ql/Yl coriumttee 7.5 hold annual general -I, IF staff (10 persons) 3 1,500 Q4/Yj. Y3 31 4,500 meetings (3) - participants (60 persons) 3 6,000 31 18,000 - domestic travel 3 2,000 33 6,000 - raw materials 3 500 54 1,500 - workshop reports 600 10 21 6,000 7.6 prepare annual work - work plan reports 600 10 QINi. Y3 21 6,000 Ians 7.7 approve annual work QINi-Y3 Ians 7.8 evaluation - I international consultsiit (lee) 30 350 Q4/Y3 16 10,500 - 2 nettorml e>coats 60 50 31 3,000 - I international consultant cosA) 30 100 31 3,000 - 3 domestic travel 3 150 33 450 - I international travel 2,500 32 2,500 - reports 200 10 21 2,000 Sub-total 69,450 Non-activity linked - Project secretary 36 500 17 18,000 expenses - Project vehicle (4x4) 2 20,000 43 40,000 - computer 2 1,500 44 3,000 . ~ printer 1,000 44 1,000 - Fuel, insurance & vehicle 3 4,000 53 12,000 manta^Ice ( 2,000/year/vehicle) - Utilities (phonelt^dliglit) 36 200 53 7,200 - Office supply and stationary 3 2,000 54 6,000 - Sundry 36 50 61 1,800 - Auditing 3 1,200 62 3,600 - Contigencies 15,000 63 15,000 Sub-tota 107,600 Grand Total 811,650 A - 38 IPART 11Tl: OF^RATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS I . Mariaoement Structure The management/administration of the Ngao Model Forest will incl d 11 'bl mechanisms that allow for the participation of all of the partners in the deci ' al<' process and a permanent but simple structure for day-to-day operations. Initial} th N Model Forest will be administered by the Royal Forest De artment. Ove t' th is that the partnership will evolve into a ledally registered organization. This in d the organization with its own independence and accountabilit thereb allow' 't t : determine policy appoint a project manager oversee the execution of the project to be accountable for approving and implementing budgets to establish linkages with relevant national and International or anIzati It is proposed that the management structure include the foUowiri bodies a General Assembly of Partners; a Steering Committee; a Model Forest Manager and Staff; and a Technical Advisory Committee The foUowing roles and responsibilities are proposed for the above noted bod' I. I The General Assembl of Partners The General Assembly of Partners includes all of the stakeholders in th M d I F will meet, once or twice every year to review progress, set policies and norities, ' t Steering Committee members, review finances, budgets and plans for future activ't' . Th General Assembly makes recommendations to the Steedn Committee. 1.2 The Steerin Committee The Model Forest Steering Committee is the body that has overall re 'b'I' f Model Forest activities and is accountable for all of the activities undertalc d h fu spent in the Model Forest. It reports to the General Assembl of Padner . All fu d received in support of the Ngao Model Forest will be administered and mana d tlir h the Steering Committee that will create specific accounts for this u OSe. This 11 bl funds from the various -contributors to be tracked independentl from th I ' ' budgets of sponsors and partners, The Model Forest Steering Committee will be comprised of seven merub , f f h will be nominated by the sponsors and three will be elected by the General A bl f Partners. Members will be appointed/elected for specific ternis of thre A . 39 staggered basis so that not all members are replaced at the same time. Members will be appointed/elected so as to represent the full range of partners, including government institutions, private associations, private sector firms, universities and other educational institutions, women and nitnority groups The Steering Committee oversees day-to-day management and execution, approves annual work plans, monitors expenditures, approves major capital purchases and appoints Model Forest staff The Steering Committee will meet every six months, or twice per year. 1.3 Model Forest Maria er and Staff' The Model Forest Project Manager co-ordinates daily operations of the Model Forest. Her she monitors all activities of participating partners, manages the model forest staff; prepares the annual work plan and budget and supervises its implementation, including the monitoring of expenditures. He/she is responsible to the Steering Committee and reports to it The Model Forest staff is small in number and includes three or four technical personnel and support staff. The Manager and other Model Forest staff; will be appointed by the Steering Committee. The technical staff should include a finance officer, a technical officer and a communication/training co- coordinator. Exact functions and terms of reference for the staff; will be set by the Steering Committee. In selecting the Model Forest permanent staff the Steering Committee will give preference to local people who are knowledgeable in a broad range of activities and can represent the interests of all of the partners, especially women and minority ethnic groups I. 4 Technical Advisor Comintttee A Technical Advisory Committee will be created to provide advice and guidance to the Steering Committee and the Model Forest Project Manager. This committee will be created and its members appointed by the Steering Committee Membership in the Technical Advisory Conunittee will be drawn from within the Model Forest Partnership and from outside specialized institutions and organizations as may be required on the basis of specific competencies related to the Model Forest objectives and activities. The Steering Committee may establish other specialized coinrrtittees as required from time- to-time to deal with specific issues (e. g. Communications) 2. Monitorin Re ortin and Evaluation a Pro^Ct Pro ess Re orts - Project progress reports will be prepared by the Project Manager every 6 months. They will be submitted to the Ngao Model Forest Steering Committee for approval. . A - 40 b Pro^Ct Coin letion Re ort Within 3 months of project completion the Project Manager shall prepare and submit to the Ngao Model Forest Steering Coinniittee the project completion report. c Pro ect Technical Re orts - Upon completion of the various Ngao Model Forest studies and sub-projects, technical reports will be prepared by the lead technical s ecialist. The will be submitted to the Model Forest Manager. d Monitorin Review and Steerin Committee Visits - The best time f r visits will be to coincide with the annual mating of the Ngao Model Forest General Assembly. It is at this time that the annual work plans will be tabled, modified as re uired, and approved. ' ' !^)_^!! - At the end of year three, an evaluation will be conducted. This will coincide with the end of the funding that is being sought from ITTO. The evaluation will be participatory in nature involving all the partners and funding agencies. It will Tovide the basis upon which to review progress to date and to fine tune and reset the model forest structure to move into the next phase of its development. The terms of reference for the evaluation will be developed by the Steering Committee, and in association with th General Assembly of Partners and external fundino aoencies 3 . Future O eration and Maintenance A preliminary work plan covering the first five years of the project is beln develo ed b the partnership and it is expected that by the end of the third year the conce t will have proven itself; as it has elsewhere, as a very cost effective way to supporting the sustainable management of forest resources. It is anticipated that success in the Ngao Model Forest will be a strong driving force for the partnership to continue to work together and in ursuit of solutions to increasingly complex issues. If this proves to be the case it antici ated that the partners will increase their level of participation in both financial and non-financial te , resulting in a reduced level of need for external sources of fundin . Assets that h accrued to the partnership will remain with them as they continue to evolve and row, A " 41 FART TV: TROPICAL TnnBER FRAMEWORK I. Coin nance with ITTA 1994 0b'ectives The Ngao Model Forest is fully compliant with seven of the ITTO objectives as expressed in Article I of the International Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA). The linkages between project activities and the seven ITTA objectives is surnnTarized as follows: q) Toprovide on ofectivej>Qinework/or const, !tanon, interncitionq/ cooperation gridpoliqy develqpment among all members with regard to all 1818vani ci, $peets of the world limber economy, ' One of the main objectives of the International Model Forest Network and all of the participating organizations is to cooperate in the search for new approaches to support the sustainable management of the world's forest resources. The Network provides a framework within which the various Model forests eXchange information, expertise and participate in the international forest policy dialogue. The Ngao Model Forest will play an active role in the ^, inN q) To contribt, 18 to the process of salsiainable dBve/00ment; As noted earlier, there are five main attributes that define the Model Forest concept. One of these is a commitment to sustainable forest management. The activities that are undertaken by the Model Forests are approved by the partnership in a manner that addresses their various needs and values and ensures that an of the project activities are haked to achieve this objective. The Ngao Model Forest also supports the development of decision support tools that are intended to ensure that timber and nori-timber resources are sustainably managed 79 To promote grid support research grid development with o view 10 improving forest indricigeme, 71 and 416'iciency of wood utilization OS well as increcising the coy7aciO) to conserve and enhance other/oresi values in limber prodt, cmg tropical/blests, . The Ngao Model forest has as one of its main outputs a program of applied research. The activities in this program include the testing, development and application of local level indicators. These activities will be monitored and the results will be used to input into the related national program on criteria and indicators. The ITTO guidelines will be an important element in defining this work. g) To develop grid contribute towards mechanisms for the provision of new grid dadi/ioncil financial resowrces and 8:4:7er/ise needed to enhance the capqcity^ of producing members to attain the 0^18ctives of this Agreemeni, ' Based upon the experience of other Model Forests in the in\^IF'N they have been very effective in lever aging and attracting additional financial resources. As an example the Chi106 Model Forest in Chile effectiveIy used an international contribution to leverage an addition eight fold commitment of resources from other organization. Other Model Forests that have established effective partnerships have similar experiences A . 42 1.1 To encourage members to support and develop industrial tropical limber r^;/'orestcition gild/orest managemen! activities as well us rehabi!itQtion of of 887, zdedforest 1072ct with dare regardfor ihe interes!s of/oca! comint, nities dependent o7/10/8sf resources, ' The applied research activities of the Ngao Model Forest will attempt to identify modified SIIvicultural prescriptions which will increase the supply of timber products. These activities will be focused on productive plantation areas that are, since the imposition of the logging ban, an increasingly import sources of supply. The local community, which is heavily dependent on timber and other forest resources, is a partner in the Model Forest. As a partner in the I, ^, they will have input into the design of the related project activities and thereby directly benefit from these activities 41 To enco"rage members 10 develop rig!ionQ! policies aimed czt sustainable Inari^atton grid conservation of timber producing forests grid their generic resoz, rces grid czi maintainin the ec0/o810ci! balance in the regions concerne4 in the con!err of Ihe tropical timber trade, , Many of the project activities will use adaptive forest management techniques, the results of which will be monitored and assessed. Where they are judged as being successful the will be directly supportive of the development of national forest policies. One of the To'ect activities will assess the range and extent of biodiversity in the project area. The methodology used and the recommendations made will not only be important in the ro'ect area but will provide useful inputs into the development of related national initiatives and policy development. in) To promo!e Ihe access to, grid Iran, $1er of tochn0/o8ies grid technicQI COQperQtion to implement the o4'genves of this Agreement, including on concessional grid pr, ^18rential toyms grid conditions, as marina/61 orgy8ed: The local, national, regional, international Model Forest Networks are committed to the development and transfer of technologies. The knowledge base of these Networks will be available to all ITTO member countries 2. Coin nance with ITTO Action Plan The Ngao Model Forest is very closely linked to all three of the Libreville Action Plan goals on Reforestation and Forest Management. All of the project activities can be related to these goals. The project also supports some activities that are intended to jin rove the management of protective and productive plantation resources. These activities are supportive and directly related to the Forest Industry goals I and 3 The objectives of the Ngao Model Forest are very closely linked to the cross curtin strategies in the ITTO LibreviUe Action Plan. Of the I I strategies the pro OSal su orts activities that are directly related to the followin0 7 strategies: 11 norive4, CO-OPerciie, co-ordinale grid collaborafe with internallong/ organizQ!ions and other into manorial for alms which undertake derivings relevant to 1770 Is ob 'ectives, operational activities and statisticol work, wi/h Q view to sharing expertise, redt, cm of WPIica/ion. enhancing complementarity grid harmonizing activities, ' A - 43 Through participation in the Ngao Model Forest the partners will cooperate and collaborate with a wide range of international organizations that are also active in the nvlT;'N both at international and national levels 2) Errco"rage the participation of non-governmeni stakeholders, incl"ding industry and trade associaiioizs, errvironme?lid! 81'011ps and indigenous growps, in the deriviiies of Ihe Organization, with a view to promoting transpare"q1 and hqrmonizing activities, ' The Ngao Model Forest will include NGO's as partners. By participating they will have access and increased opportunities to impact on the decision making processes 3) SIIppori human resot, rce development, incl"ding Irerining, and exiension o1 all levels, Ihroz, ghprqjecis gridlTTOj'12/10wshjps; The project directly supports training at the local level as well as internationally through participation in the n\"EN technical forums. 4.1 SIIpport the shoring of into rindtion, knowledge and 18chnology, to improve sustainable forest indriqgemeni, proof"orprocessing, winizotion and wnders!anding of the marker pmce OS related to 1770 's priorities, Information developed by the model forest will be shared at all levels: locally, nationally, regional and Internationally 51 S"pport demons!1,1110n ondpilot preyeds in all areas of lis substantive work, e^pecici/!y on o regional basis, ' A wide range of demonstration projects are planned. These will have a regional impact through the Ngao Model Forest's participation in the IapamFAO Asia Regional Trust Fund Project 6.15'wppori research and development studies onof prey'ec/s 10 improve understanding of the ingrkei place, ,;617cient proof"or processing, inof arsingI winizcition and beller loresi inaricigemeni, ' Market studies and support to market development will be undertaken in the applied research outputs. The activities will focus on timber and non-timber forest products 7:1 Formwlci/e and jest gtiidelines, criteria rrnd indicators relcited to the Orgcinizq!ion 's work in Ihe peld offorest inariQgemen/ and other OrganizQiions work In Ihe field of forest manageme?21 and other oreas CIS qppropriate The project will develop and test local level Indicators. This activity is directly related and linked to ITTO Project FD 2199 Rev. 2(F) which is supporting criteria and indicator development activities at the national level , . A - 44 ANNEXA Profile of the Executin A encv The Director of the Forest Management and Economic Research Division, Ro at Forest Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Government of Thailand, win oversee the project and be the Project Manager. As the executing agency the Royal Forest Department (1<. FD) will be responsible for providing the key project staff The project staff', with support from RFD, will ensure that the project is supported so to as to ensure its smooth implementation. Short-term expertise and staff will be provided from various divisions of the RED and the Ngao Model Forest parrner organizations. The RFD organization chart is found on the following page. Key departments that will be involved in the project include the Planning Division, the Forest Protection Office, the Natural Resources Conservation Office and the regional Forestry Office in Lain an . All of the seven research divisions from the Forest Research Office will as re uired be full participants in the projects. At the local level the project will be supported by the Provincial and District Forest offices A - 45 Royal Forest Departtnent Inspectors Central Administration Adj^^^tion Provincial Forest Offices Ottice of the internal Audit Urnt Secretary District Forest Forest Protection Offices Finance Division Office Feinission Reforestation Division Office Le al Analrs Information IVISIOn Office Natural Resoirrces Planning Division Conservation Office Forest Research Personnel Office Division Administration Wildlitb Research Training Division Division Section Siviculture Forest Products Research Division Regional Forest Division Offices Forest Environment Research Division I^^^!^^ Fore^t Botany Forest Resoi!I^ ' Division Analysis Division Organizational chart of the Thailand Royal Forest Department A - 46 ANNEX B Terms of Reference of the Ke Staff The key staff or the I*Igao Model Forest includes the Project Manager: the Pro^Ct Coordinator, a GIS/DSS Specialist, a Communication/Extension Specialist, a Forest Management Specialist and an International Model Forest Specialist. The tenns of reference for these individuals are as foHows: I. Model Forest Project Manager The Model Forest Manager reports to the Steering Committee. Hershe will be a senior professional with relevant experience in project management, and a background in natural resource management. A minimum of 15 years of related e>:perlence is preferred. He/she will assume the general responsibility of overseeing project implementation. To this end, the Project Mariaoer's duties will include: . Overall responsibility for the supervision, management and monitoring of the project and project budgets; . Supervision of the development of detailed annual work plans; . Development of sub-project approval processes; . Liaison with the Model Forest partner institutions and organizations; . Liaison with the regional and International Model Forest Networks; . Provide support and participate as a member the Project's Technical Advisory Committee; . Supervision of Model Forest stalls; . Other duties as directed by the NGao Model Forest Steering Committee. 2. Model Forest Project Coordinator The Model Forest Project Coordinator reports to the Project Manager. Hershe will be a senior professional with relevant experience in project coordination, and a background in natural resource management. A minimum of 10 years of related experience is preferred. Hershe will assume the general responsibility of natsing with the project partner organizations so as to ensure the effective and efficient coordination of the Ngao Model Forest programs To this end, the Project Coordinator's duties will include: . Coordinate the development of detailed annual work plans; . Assist the Project Manager in the development of sub-project approval processes; . Liaison with the Model Forest partner institutions and oroanizations; . Support to the liaison with the regional and International Model Forest Networks; . Development and coordination of periodic and annual meetinos of the Model Forest Partnership; A . 47 . - Coordinating and implementing the necessary activities to ensure the full participation of the model forest partnership; . Preparing and submitting periodic reports to the relevantinstitutions/authorities; . Coordinating the preparation of documents and publications on the results obtanied by the project; . Other duties as directed by the Ngao Model Forest Project Manager 3. GIS/DSS Specialist The Geographic Information SystemslDecision Support Systems (GIS/DSS) Specialist reports to the Project Manager. Hershe will be a senior professional with relevant experience in geomatics and computer systems. He/she will have a sound knowledge in the related fields of geometry, statistics and computer modeling. A background in forestry is preferred. Hershe will assume the general responsibility for the development and implementation of a comprehensive database and related decision support tools to assist the partnership in the implementation of allproject activities. To this end, the GISDSS Specialist's duties will include . Assess the GIS/DSS system requirements and select the appropriate hardware and software to be acquired; . Establish and operate the GIS/DSS systems; . Working with the partners, define the parameters for the data sets in to included in the GIS/DSS systems; . Working together with the partners assist in the definition of the methodologies to be used for the collection of new and additional data sets to be integrated into the GIS/DSS system; . Assist the Project Manager in the development of detailed annual work plans; . Provide inputs and work together with the Communications/Extension Specialist in activities related to the database use; . Assist in providing traming in the use of the systems to participating partner organizations; . Prepare and submit regular reports to relevant institutions and authorities 4. Communications/Extension Specialist The Communications/Extension Specialist reports to the Project Manager, Hershe will be a senior professional with relevant experience in communications and extension methodologies. He/she win have a sound knowledge in the related social sciences and have experience in working in rural and community settings. He/she will assume the general responsibility of working with the Ngao Model Forest partnership so as to ensure the development and implementation of an effective communications and extension strategy To this end, the Communications/Extension Specialist*s duties will include: . The development and implementation of a communication strategy; A - 48 . The development and implementation of an extension strate ; . Support to the development of related communications and extension t I ; . Lead the development of all Model Forest training activities; . Lead the development of Model forest communications materials; . Liaise with related specialists in the Regional and International M d I Forest Networks in the development of network wide communication act'v't' ; . Prepare and submit regular reports to relevant institutions and authorities. 5. Forest Management Specialist The Forest Management Specialist reports to the Project Maria er. He/ h '11 b level specialist with 5 to 10 years of relevant experience in forest mana eru t. H I h have a degree in forestry and sound knowledge and ex erience in k' ' h communities in support of community forestry activities. Hershe will Tovide su rt d guidance to all the partners in the scientific and technical as ects of the v f sub-projects. To this end, the Forest Management Specialist's duties will include: . Providing support and guidance to he partners in the development and implementation of sub-projects; . Assist the Project Manager in all aspects of Model Forest Coordination ' I d' the preparation of budgets, work plans, sub~project approval processes fiats 'th partner organizations and institutions; . Assist the Communications/Extension specialist in the jin Iementation f I d project activities; . Provide support to the implementation of all forest management field a t' 't' including the applied research activities related to fallow manaoement, I t activities, and the development and testing of local level indicators of sust ' bl forest management; . Participate as a resource person in related training activities; . Carry out extension activities with the communities; . Participate in the monitoring of project results; . Prepare and submit regular reports to relevant institutions and authorities 5.1nternational Model Forest Specialist The International Model Forest Specialist reports to the Pro^Ct Maria . H I h senior specialist with 15 years of experience and practical knowled e in the a I' f the Model Forest concept. His/her services will be secured throu h the UVIF'NS. H I h act as a mentor in the development of the ^, IF' partnership and act as a soundin board t all the members of the partnership. To this end, the International Model Forest Specialist's duties will include: . Participate as a resource person in the development of effective A, IF' arme h' ; A - 49 . Assist in the development of participatory project planning, implementation and monitoring processes; . Assist the partnership in becoming an active participant in the mmN, including providing support in the development of linkages with other Model Forests and Model Forest practitioners; . Assist the partnership in securing the maximum benefit from DVTE'NS programs and services' . Assist the partnership in the integration of their experiences and lessons learned into the MirNS database; . Other duties as directed by the Ngao Model Forest Project Manager Project Manager Mr. lira lintanugool Project Coordinator Mr. lirajet Urasayanan Ms Phusin KGtanond Technical Staff Mr. Suwit Origsomwang Mr. Anuchit Rattanasuwan Ms. Chayanee Chandraprabha Mr. anusom Rungsipanich Ms. Suttatip Jutikidecha Ms. AUSchada Chitechote Ms. Chompunuch Sodachan Mr. Phairan Phiomhitatom Mr. Sayan Suraphapmaitri Mr. Somyot Saengnin Mr. An an Kitakom Mr. Viroj Puangpakisiri Mr. Khunawut Lungkasit Mr. Manut Rananapirom Mr. Chinapan Skulmerit ' Mr. Surapong Chaweepak Mr. Sithaporn Eadthong Ms. Phusin KGtanond Executing Agency Forest Research Office Royal Forest Department 61 Fahonyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, I 0900 THAILAND Tel: (662) 5799578, Fax: (662) 5614809 *