St. Johns Bridge, Portland OR photo credit: Hunter Young, EPA Portland Harbor Superfund Site Community Involvement Plan (CIP) (as of 8/12/2020) Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 10 August 2020 Page intentionally left blank. August 2020 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: This update to the Portland Harbor Superfund Site (the PHSS or the Site) Community Involvement Plan (CIP) was developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 10, the Technical Coordinating Team (TCT), tribal members, tribal representatives, and community members, and many other partners and stakeholders. EPA recognizes the importance of the Site for fishing, hunting, gathering, and spiritual practices to the six federally recognized Tribes1 involved on the Site, within the context of EPA’s trust responsibility. Assistance with drafting and final preparation of this document occurred under the prime contract no. 68HERH19D0033. EPA is deeply grateful to the many individuals who gave their time and energy for this update. FOR MORE INFORMATION: Web site: www.epa.gov/superfund/portland-harbor Phone: 206-553-1200 (ask for Public Affairs Office) Address: ATTN: EPA Region 10 Public Affairs Office 1200 6th Avenue #155 Mail Code: 12-D12 Seattle, WA 98101 E-mail: [email protected] 1 The six federally recognized Tribes involved on the Site include: Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation; Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon; Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Indians; Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation; Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon; and, Nez Perce Tribe. PORTLAND HARBOR SUPERFUND SITE CIP August 2020 page 3 of 100 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1: Overview 6 Section 2: Site Background 9 Section 3: Tribal Background, Issues, Concerns, and Requests 21 Section 4: Community Background, Issues, Concerns, and Requests 25 Section 5: Concerns Outside of EPA’s Scope 34 Section 6: Environmental Justice Site History and Considerations 35 Section 7: EPA’s Community Involvement Action Plan 56 APPENDIX A: Details of Neighborhoods Directly Bordering or Near the Site 82 APPENDIX B: Preliminary List of Community and Tribal Events and Specific Outreach Channels 89 APPENDIX C: List of Groups and Tribal Members or Tribal Representatives Involved with the Portland Harbor Superfund Site 93 APPENDIX D: Questions Asked for the Community Involvement Plan Interviews 95 APPENDIX E: Informational Web sites and Resources 100 LOCATION OF MAPS AND FIGURES Figure 1. EPA’s Portland Harbor Superfund Site Community Involvement Plan: Who Provided Input & When? 7 Figure 2. Portland Harbor Superfund Site Map and Neighborhoods 10 Figure 3. Pathways of Pollution Conceptual Model 12 Figure 4. Project Area Status Map from June 2020 Portland Harbor Site Updates Fact Sheet 15 Figure 5. Portland Harbor Superfund Site Timeline 16 Figure 6. Groups Involved in the Portland Harbor Superfund Site Cleanup 18 Figure 7. What could contribute to greater trust? 31 Figure 8. A 1934 Map of Portland Showing Neighborhood Classifications Under the Homeowners Loan Corporation 38 Figure 9. Portland Gentrification Map: 2000 Census – Present 42 Figure 10. 3-Mile Radius Around the PHSS 45 Figure 11. Public Schools Within a 3-Mile Radius of the PHSS 49 Figure 12. Senior centers within a 3-mile radius of the PHSS 50 Figure 13. WIC Locations Within a 3-Mile Radius of the PHSS 51 Figure 14. Community Centers Within a 3-Mile Radius of the PHSS 52 Figure 15. Public and Subsidized Housing within a 3-mile radius of the PHSS 53 Figure 16. Churches within a 3-mile radius of the PHSS 54 Figure 17. Simplified Remedial Design and Remedial Action Process for the PHSS 70 PORTLAND HARBOR SUPERFUND SITE CIP August 2020 page 4 of 100 An aerial view of the Portland Harbor Superfund Site photo credit: Portland Harbor Community Advisory Group Summary This Community Involvement Plan (CIP) is the foundation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Superfund community involvement Where is the Glossary? and outreach program for the Portland Harbor Superfund Site (the PHSS or the The CIP spells out and Site) cleanup. The CIP is a living document that specifies the outreach activities EPA will use to address the tribal and community concerns and expectations. defines terms throughout It will assist the EPA Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC), who serves this document. For a glossary as a liaison between tribal members, tribal representatives, and community and list of acronyms please members, the EPA PHSS team, and other agency officials, in finding effective and click on this link to consult appropriate ways to inform and engage tribal members, tribal representatives, EPA’s Acronyms, Glossary, and communities that are key to the success of the cleanup. EPA is committed and Contaminant Summary to promoting active and meaningful participation in all aspects of the PHSS for the Portland Harbor cleanup. The CIP is for tribal members, tribal representatives, community Superfund Site2 members, and the public to use and make sure that EPA is responsive to their needs and concerns. FN2 The CIP is divided into seven sections: • Section 1: Overview • Section 2: Site Background • Section 3: Tribal Background, Issues, Concerns, and Requests • Section 4: Community Background, Issues, Concerns, and Requests • Section 5: Concerns Outside of EPA’s Superfund Cleanup Scope • Section 6: Environmental Justice Site History and Considerations • Section 7: EPA’s Community Involvement Action Plan • The Appendices are designed to serve as a resource guide for EPA, as well as tribal members, tribal representatives, community members, and organizations partnering with EPA on the Portland Harbor Superfund Site work. 2 Link: https://semspub.epa.gov/work/10/100020203.pdf PORTLAND HARBOR SUPERFUND SITE CIP August 2020 page 5 of 100 The Willamette River going through downtown Portland, the Broadway Bridge in the foreground photo credit: Port of Portland 1. Overview What is Superfund? What is the Objective of the Cleanup? Superfund is also known as the Comprehensive The Portland Harbor Superfund Site (the PHSS or the Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Site) is a priority cleanup site for the U.S. Environmental Act (CERCLA). The Superfund Program allows EPA to Protection Agency (EPA). The cleanup will reduce health clean up contaminated sites. It also forces the parties risks to people, fish, and wildlife. It will also set the responsible for the contamination to either perform stage for commercial and industrial redevelopment and cleanups or reimburse the government for EPA-led revitalization of the river and waterfront running through cleanup work (Source: EPA). the economic heart of Portland. A cleaner river will protect Oregonians and help spur a new era for Portland When there is no viable responsible party, the as a river city, one where the lands stretching along the Superfund Program provides EPA with the river are revitalized, and companies can invest and bring authority to clean up contaminated sites. For new jobs to the communities. FN3 more information, please see This is Superfund: A Community Guide to EPA’s Superfund Program.3 What is a Community Involvement Plan? This Community Involvement Plan (CIP) is a living document that serves as a guide on how to: • Share information; • Provide outreach opportunities to the Tribes, community members, and the public; • Inform and guide other planning processes and documents; • Shape community involvement activities; and, • Assist tribal members, tribal representatives, and community members located within or affected by the length of the Site to become meaningfully involved in and informed about the project throughout the cleanup process. Fish Advisory Workshop with the Multnomah County Health Department photo credit: Multnomah County Health Department 3 Link: https://semspub.epa.gov/work/HQ/175197.pdf PORTLAND HARBOR SUPERFUND SITE CIP August 2020 page 6 of 100 While this CIP addresses tribal engagement, EPA understands that the six federally recognized Tribes (the Tribes) are sovereign governments and that there is a formal tribal trust relationship between EPA and the Tribes. EPA’s interaction with the Tribes at a government-to-government level is a formal process that differs from how it interacts more broadly with tribal members, tribal representatives, and community members as detailed throughout this CIP. Why Update a Community Involvement Plan? While a CIP has been in place since shortly after the Portland Harbor area became a Superfund Site in 2000, EPA developed the 2020 Portland Harbor Superfund Site CIP update to facilitate open communication between EPA, the Tribes, and communities affected by and interested in the PHSS portion of the Willamette River, as well as encourage tribal and community involvement in site activities. This document may be updated during different phases of the cleanup process to reflect changing concerns and interests. This CIP update is responding to the Superfund law stipulation that after the final cleanup plan is signed, EPA needs to reevaluate the CIP. Many of the activities outlined in this CIP are already in progress. Since 2018, EPA has coordinated the development of a Community Leaders Group (CLG) and Public Forum that meets on a quarterly basis. How Did EPA Create this Community Involvement Plan? In developing this updated plan, EPA made an extensive effort to gather tribal and public input to address needs and concerns. This CIP is based