Chronological Tables

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES

a) Kings of Judah and Israel

Given the abundance of diﬃculties surrounding the establishment of accurate dates, those provided in the following tables must remain approximations.

David 1011–972 Solomon 972–931

Judah Israel Rehoboam 931–914 Jeroboam I 931–910 Abijam 914–912 Nadab 910–909 Asa 912–870 Baasha 909–886 Elah 886–885 Zimri 885 Omri 885–874 Jehosaphat 870–848 Ahab 874–853 Joram 848–841 Ahaziah 853–852 Ahaziah 841 Joram 852–841 Athaliah 841–835 Jehu 841–813 Joash 835–795 Jehoahaz 813–797 Amaziah 795–789 Joash 797–780 Azariah 789–749 Jeroboam II 780–751 Jotham 749–734 Zechariah 751–750 Menahem 750–739 Pekahiah 739–737 Achaz 734–718 Pekah 737–731 Hezekiah 718–698 Hoshea 731–722 Manasseh 698–642 Amon 642–640 Josiah 640–609 Joahaz 609 Jehoiakim 609–598 Jehoiakin 598–597 Zedekiah 597–587

b) Kings of Assyria from 781 BCE

Shalmaneser IV 781–772 Ashur-Dan III 771–754 Ashur-nirari V 753–746 Tiglath-Pileser III 745–727 Shalmaneser V 727–722 Sargon II 722–705 Sennacherib 705–681 Esarhaddon 681–669

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Ashurbanipal 669–625 Ashur-etil-ilani 625–621 Sin-shar-ishkun 621–612

c) Kings of the neo-Babylonian Empire

Nabopolassar 625–605 Nebuchadnezzar II 605–562 Awil-Marduk 562–560 Nergal-shar-usur 560–556 Nabonidus 556–539

d) Kings of the Persian Empire

Cyrus 550–529 Cambysses 529–522 Darius I 522–486 Xerxes I 486–465 Artaxerxes I 465–424 Xerxes II 423 Darius II 423–404 Artaxerxes II 404–358 Artaxerxes III 358–338 Arses 338–336 Darius III 336–331

e) Rulers of the Kingdom of the Ptolemies

Ptolemy I 323–283 Ptolemy II 283–246 Ptolemy III 246–221 Ptolemy IV 221–205 Ptolemy V 204–180 Ptolemy VI 180–145 Ptolemy VII 145 Ptolemy VIII 145–116 Ptolemy IX 116–107 Ptolemy X 107–88 Ptolemy IX 88–81 Ptolemy XI 80 Ptolemy XII 80–59 Cleopatra VI 58–57 Berenice 59–55 Ptolemy XII 55–51 Ptolemy XIII 51–47 (Cleopatra VII co-regent) Ptolemy XIV 47–44 (Cleopatra VII co-regent) Ptolemy XV 44–30 (Cleopatra VII co-regent)

f) Rulers of the Kingdom of the Seleucids

Seleucus I 312–281 Antiochus I 281–261

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Antiochus II 261–246 Seleucus II 246–226 Seleucus III 226–223 Antiochus III 223–187 Seleucus IV 187–175 Antiochus IV 175–164 Antiochus V 164–162 Demetrius I 162–150 Alexander Balas 150–145 Demetrius II 145–139 Antiochus VI 145–142 Tryphon 142–138 Antiochus VII 138–128 Demetrius II 128–125 Alexander II 128–122 (?) Seleucus V 125 Antiochus VIII 125–113 Antiochus IX 113–95 Antiochus VIII 111–96

In the years that followed a struggle for the throne ensued between the ﬁve sons of Antiochus VIII and the son of Antiochus IX. In 83 the Armenian king Tigranes took possession of the empire which he ruled for 69 years.

g) High Priests in Jerusalem from the end of the Babylonian exile to the arrival of the Romans

Jeshua ?–? 510 Joiakim ? 510–? 480 Eliashib ? 480–? 440 Joiada ? 440–? 425 Johanan ? 425–? 390 Jaddua (?) ? 390–? 370 Jochanan (?) ? 370–? 340 Jaddua ? 340–? 320 Onias I ? 320–? 300 Simon I ? 300–? 285 Eleazar ? 285–? 270 Manasseh ? 270–? 260 Onias II ? 260–? 220 Simon II ? 220–? 190 Onias III ? 190–174 Jason 174–172 Menelaus 172–163 Alcimus 162–160/159 Inter-sacerdotium 159–153/152 Jonathan 153/2–143/2 Simon 143/2–135 John Hyrcanus 135–104 Aristobulus I 104–103 Alexander Janneuss 103–76 Hyrcanus II 76–67 Aristobulus II 67–63

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