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2210 Bc 2200 Bc 2190 Bc 2180 Bc 2170 Bc 2160 Bc 2150 Bc 2140 Bc 2130 Bc 2120 Bc 2110 Bc 2100 Bc 2090 Bc 2210 BC 2200 BC 2190 BC 2180 BC 2170 BC 2160 BC 2150 BC 2140 BC 2130 BC 2120 BC 2110 BC 2100 BC 2090 BC Fertile Crescent Igigi (2) Ur-Nammu Shulgi 2192-2190BC Dudu (20) Shar-kali-sharri Shu-Turul (14) 3rd Kingdom of 2112-2095BC (17) 2094-2047BC (47) 2189-2169BC 2217-2193BC (24) 2168-2154BC Ur 2112-2004BC Kingdom Of Akkad 2234-2154BC ( ) (2) Nanijum, Imi, Elulu Imta (3) 2117-2115BC 2190-2189BC (1) Ibranum (1) 2180-2177BC Inimabakesh (5) Ibate (3) Kurum (1) 2127-2124BC 2113-2112BC Inkishu (6) Shulme (6) 2153-2148BC Iarlagab (15) 2121-2120BC Puzur-Sin (7) Iarlaganda ( )(7) Kingdom Of Gutium 2177-2171BC 2165-2159BC 2142-2127BC 2110-2103BC 2103-2096BC (7) 2096-2089BC 2180-2089BC Nikillagah (6) Elulumesh (5) Igeshaush (6) 2171-2165BC 2159-2153BC 2148-2142BC Iarlagash (3) Irarum (2) Hablum (2) 2124-2121BC 2115-2113BC 2112-2110BC ( ) (3) Cainan 2610-2150BC (460 years) 2120-2117BC Shelah 2480-2047BC (403 years) Eber 2450-2020BC (430 years) Peleg 2416-2177BC (209 years) Reu 2386-2147BC (207 years) Serug 2354-2124BC (200 years) Nahor 2324-2176BC (199 years) Terah 2295-2090BC (205 years) Abraham 2165-1990BC (175) Genesis (Moses) 1)Neferkare, 2)Neferkare Neby, Neferkamin Anu (2) 3)Djedkare Shemay, 4)Neferkare 2169-2167BC 1)Meryhathor, 2)Neferkare, 3)Wahkare Achthoes III, 4)Marykare, 5)............. (All Dates Unknown) Khendu, 5)Meryenhor, 6)Neferkamin, Kakare Ibi (4) 7)Nykare, 8)Neferkare Tereru, 2167-2163 9)Neferkahor Neferkare (2) 10TH Dynasty (90) 2130-2040BC Merenre Antyemsaf II (All Dates Unknown) 2163-2161BC 1)Meryibre Achthoes I, 2)............., 3)Neferkare, 2184-2183BC (1) 4)Meryibre Achthoes II, 5)Setut, 6)............., Menkare Nitocris Neferkauhor (1) Wadjkare Pepysonbe 7)Mery-........, 8)Shed-........, 9)............., 2183-2181BC (2) 2161-2160BC Inyotef II (-1) 2173-2169BC (4) 10)............., 11)............., 12)User....... Neferkare Phiops II (85) Menthu-hotep I (15) 2118-2117BC Inyotef II (48) (All Dates Unknown) 2269-2184BC 2133-2118BC 2117-2069BC Netjerykare 2183BC(-1) 7TH Dynasty (8) 6TH Dynasty (164) 2345-2181BC 8TH Dynasty (13) 2173-2160BC 9TH Dynasty (27) 2160-2133BC 11TH Dynasty (142) 2133-1991BC 2181-2173BC Egypt © 2006 Rick Swartzentrover 2210 BC 2200 BC 2190 BC 2180 BC 2170 BC 2160 BC 2150 BC 2140 BC 2130 BC 2120 BC 2110 BC 2100 BC 2090 BC 2090 BC 2080 BC 2070 BC 2060 BC 2050 BC 2040 BC 2030 BC 2020 BC 2010 BC 2000 BC 1990 BC 1980 BC 1970 BC Fertile Crescent Shulgi Amar-Sin Shu-Sin Ibbi-Sin 2094-2047BC (47) 2046-2038BC (8) 2037-2029BC (8) 2028-2004BC (24) 3rd Kingdom of Ur 2112-2004BC Ishbi-Erra Shu-ilishu Kingdom Of Isin 2017-1985BC (32) 1984-1975BC (9) 2017-1794BC Naplanum Emisum Samium Kingdom Of Larsa 2025-2005BC (20) 2004-1977BC (27) 1976-1942BC (34) 2025-1763BC Shelah 2480-2047BC (403 years) Eber 2450-2020BC (430 years) ?2090?BC Abraham Leaves Haran for Caanan ?2050?BC Isaac taken 2025BC Isaac Marries To Mt Moriah By Rebekah 2028BC Death Of Sarah ?2087 - 2084? BC Abraham - Abraham Marries Abraham in Egypt Keturah Isaac 2065-1885BC (180) Abraham 2165-1990BC (175) Jacob 2005-1858BC (147) Ishmael 2079-1942BC (137) Genesis (Moses) 1)Meryhathor, 2)Neferkare, 3)Wahkare Achthoes III, 4)Marykare, 5)............. (All Dates Unknown) 10TH Dynasty (90) 2130-2040BC Menthu-hotep III (12) Amenemhet I (29) 2010-1998BC 1991-1962BC Inyotef II (48) Inyotef III (7) Menthu-hotep II (51) 2117-2069BC 2068-2061BC 2061-2010BC 11TH Dynasty (142) 2133-1991BC 12TH Dynasty (213) 1991-1778BC Egypt © 2006 Rick Swartzentrover 2090 BC 2080 BC 2070 BC 2060 BC 2050 BC 2040 BC 2030 BC 2020 BC 2010 BC 2000 BC 1990 BC 1980 BC 1970 BC 1970 BC 1960 BC 1950 BC 1940 BC 1930 BC 1920 BC 1910 BC 1900 BC 1890 BC 1880 BC 1870 BC 1860 BC 1850 BC Fertile Crescent Lipit-Enlil 1874-1870BC (4) Ishme-Dagan Lipit-Ishtar Ur-Ninurta Bur-Sin Erra-imitti Enlil-bani 1953-1935BC (18) 1934-1924BC (10) 1923-1896BC (27) 1895-1875BC (20) 1869-1862BC (7) 1861-1838BC (23) Isin 2017-1794BC Samium Zabaia Gungunum Abisare Sumuel Nur-Adad 1976-1942BC (34) 1941-1933BC (8) 1932-1906BC (26) 1905-1895BC (10) 1894-1866BC (28) 1865-1850BC (15) Larsa 2025-1763BC Sumuabum Sumulael First Dynasty 1894-1881BC (13) 1880-1845BC (35) of Babylon 1894-1595BC Israel Isaac 2065-1885BC (180) Levi 1928BC Isaac 1928BC Jacob 1919-1779BC (140) Deceived by Jacob Flees to Haran Jacob Jacob In Egpypt 1876-1858BC (17) 2005-1858BC (147) Total 2005-1858BC (147) Ishmael Joseph 2079-1942BC (137) 1914-1804BC (110) Levi In Egpypt 1876-1779BC (96) Total 1919-1779BC (140) Joseph In Egpypt 1897-1804BC (93) Total 1914-1804BC (110) Genesis (Moses) 1884BC Joseph Israel In Egypt (430) 1876-1446BC Exalted In (Israel Was In Egypt For 430 years (Exodus 12:40) Egypt Amenemhet I (29) Senusert I (35) Amenemhet II (33) Senusert II (16) Senusert III (37) 1991-1962BC 1962-1927BC 1927-1994BC 1894-1878BC 1878-1841BC Senusert II Begins first Irrigation & Dam Project in Egypt 12TH Dynasty (213) 1991-1778BC Egypt © 2006 Rick Swartzentrover 1970 BC 1960 BC 1950 BC 1940 BC 1930 BC 1920 BC 1910 BC 1900 BC 1890 BC 1880 BC 1870 BC 1860 BC 1850 BC 1850 BC 1840 BC 1830 BC 1820 BC 1810 BC 1800 BC 1790 BC 1780 BC 1770 BC 1760 BC 1750 BC 1740 BC 1730 BC Fertile Crescent Shamshi-Adad I Ishme-Dagan I Mut-Ashkur First Dynasty 1811 - 1779 BC (66) 1778-1738BC (40) 1738-1728BC (10) of Assyria 1811-1329 BC Zambia Urdukuga 1760BC Assyria becomes part of the Babylonian Enlil-bani 1837-1835BC (2) 1830-1828BC (2) Sin-magir Damiq-ilishu Empire. 1861-1838BC (23) 1827-1817BC (10) 1816-1794BC (22) 1794BC Isin Defeated By Larsa Isin 2017-1794BC Iter-pisha 1834-1831BC (3) 1763BC Larsa Sin-iqisham Defeated By Sin-iddinam 1840-1836BC (4) Warad-Sin Rim-Sin I Babylon 1849-1843BC (6) 1834-1823BC (11) 1822-1763BC (59) Larsa 2025-1763BC Sin-eribam Sin-Adad 1842-1841BC (1) 1835BC (-1) Sumulael Sabium Apil-Sin Sin-muballit Hammurapi The Great Samsuiluna 1880-1845BC (35) 1844-1831BC (13) 1830-1813BC (17) 1812-1793BC (19) 1792-1750BC (42) 1749-1712BC (20) First Dynasty of Babylon 1894-1595BC Israel Genesis (Moses) Levi In Egpypt 1876-1779BC (96) Total 1919-1779BC (140) Joseph In Egpypt 1897-1804BC (93) Total 1914-1804BC (110) Israel In Egypt (430) 1876-1446BC (Israel Was In Egypt For 430 years (Exodus 12:40) Queen Sabek-neferu-re (4) 1782-1778BC Senusert III (37) Amenemhet V (49) Amenemhet IV (10) 1878-1841BC 1841-1792BC 1792-1782BC 12TH Dynasty (213) 1991-1778BC 13-17TH Dynasty (208) 1788-1580BC Egypt © 2006 Rick Swartzentrover 1850 BC 1840 BC 1830 BC 1820 BC 1810 BC 1800 BC 1690 BC 1780 BC 1770 BC 1760 BC 1750 BC 1740 BC 1730 BC 1750 BC 1740 BC 1730 BC 1720 BC 1710 BC 1700 BC 1690 BC 1680 BC 1670 BC 1660 BC 1650 BC 1640 BC 1630 BC Fertile Crescent Asinum Ashur-dugal, Ashur-apla-idi, Nasir-Sin, Rimu-???? (4) 1724BC (-1) Sin-Namir, Ipqi-Ishtar, Adad-salulu, Adasi 1728-1724BC Ishme-Dagan I Mut-Ashkur Puzur-Sin 1704-1698 BC (?) Belu-bani Libaia Sharma-Adad I Iptar-Sin Bazaia 1778-1738BC (40) 1738-1728BC (10) 1724-1704BC (20) 1698-1689BC (9) 1689-1671BC (18) 1671-1658BC (13) 1658-1647BC (11) 1647-1619BC (28) First Dynasty of Assyria 1811-1329 BC ? Ilumael Itti-ili-nibi Damiq-ilishu Ishkibal Shushshi Sealand Empire Splits From 1711-?BC (?) ?-1683BC (?) 1683-1657BC (26) 1657-1642BC (15) 1642-1618BC (24) Babylon 1711-1443BC Hittite Empire 1680-1200BC Labarnash Hattushilish I Hammurapi 1680-1650BC (30) 1650-1620BC (30) The Great (42) Samsuiluna Abi-eshuh Ammiditana Ammisaduqa 1792-1750BC 1749-1712BC (20) 1711-1684BC (27) 1683-1647BC (36) 1646-1626BC (20) First Dynasty of Babylon 1894-1595BC Israel The Code of Hammurapi Cuneiform Writing From Babylon Hieroglyph Writing From Egypt Hittite War Chariot Exodus (Moses) Israel In Egypt (430) 1876-1446BC (Israel Was In Egypt For 430 years (Exodus 12:40) Hyksos Rule Egypt (1650-1580 BC) (The Pharoah Who Knew Not Joseph - Exodus 1:8) 13-17TH Dynasty (208) 1788-1580BC Egypt © 2006 Rick Swartzentrover 1750 BC 1740 BC 1730 BC 1720 BC 1710 BC 1700 BC 1690 BC 1680 BC 1670 BC 1660 BC 1650 BC 1640 BC 1630 BC 1630 BC 1620 BC 1610 BC 1600 BC 1590 BC 1580 BC 1570 BC 1560 BC 1550 BC 1540 BC 1530 BC 1520 BC 1510 BC Fertile Crescent Sharma-Adad II (4) Bazaia (28) Lullaia (6) Kidin-Ninua (14) 1599-1595BC Erishum III (12) Shamshi-Adad II (6) Ishme-Dagan II (16) Shamshi-Adad III (16) Ashur-Nirari I (26) Puzur-Ashur III (24) 1647-1619BC 1619-1613BC 1613-1599BC 1595-1583BC 1583-1577BC 1577-1561BC 1561-1545BC 1545-1519BC 1519-1495BC First Dynasty of Assyria 1811-1329 BC Adarakalamma Shushshi Gulkishar Peshgaldaramash 1513-1485BC (28) 1642-1618BC (24) 1618-1563BC (55) 1563-1513BC (50) Sealand Empire 1711-1443BC Hittite Empire 1680-1200BC Murshilish I Hantilish I Zidantashh I Ammunash Huzziyash I Telepinush 1620-1590BC (30) 1590-1560BC (30) 1560-1550BC (10) 1550-1530BC (20) 1530-1525BC (20) 1525-1500BC (25) Ammisaduqa Samsuditana 1646-1626BC (20) 1625-1595BC (30) First Dynasty of Babylon 1894-1595BC 1595BC Babylon Defeated By Hittites Hittite War Chariot Hittite Empire Under Hattusili I Egypt Under the Hyksos Thutmose I Pharaoh of the Oppression Israel Exodus (Moses) Moses In Pharoah's House (40) 1526-1486BC Israel In Egypt (430) 1876-1446BC (Israel Was In Egypt For 430 years (Exodus 12:40) Amose I (22) Amenhotep I (28) Thutmose I (25) Thutmose II (15) 1580-1558BC 1558-1530BC 1530-1520BC 1520-1505BC Hyksos Rule Egypt (1650-1580 BC) (The Pharoah Who Knew Not Joseph - Exodus 1:8) Pharaoh Of The Oppression 13-17TH Dynasty (208) 1788-1580BC 18TH Dynasty (263) 1580-1317BC Egypt © 2006 Rick Swartzentrover 1630 BC 1620 BC 1610 BC 1600 BC 1590 BC 1580 BC 1570 BC 1560 BC 1550 BC 1540 BC 1530 BC 1520 BC 1510 BC 1510 BC 1500 BC 1490 BC 1480 BC 1470 BC
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  • Honigmanonigman - 9780520275584.Indd9780520275584.Indd 1 228/06/148/06/14 2:382:38 PMPM 2 General Introduction
    General Introduction SUMMARY Th e fi rst and second books of Maccabees narrate events that occurred in Judea from the 170s through the 150s and eventually led to the rise of the Hasmonean dynasty: the toppling of the last high priest of the Oniad dynasty, the transforma- tion of Jerusalem into a Greek polis, Antiochos IV’s storming of Jerusalem, his desecration of the temple and his so-called persecution of the Jews, the liberation of the city and rededication of the temple altar by Judas Maccabee, the foundation of the commemorative festival of Hanukkah, and the subsequent wars against Seleukid troops. 1 Maccabees covers the deeds of Mattathias, the ancestor of the Maccabean/Hasmonean family, and his three sons, Judas, Jonathan, and Simon, taking its story down to the establishment of the dynastic transmission of power within the Hasmonean family when John, Simon’s son, succeeded his father; whereas 2 Maccabees, which starts from Heliodoros’s visit to Jerusalem under the high priest Onias III, focuses on Judas and the temple rededication, further dis- playing a pointed interest in the role of martyrs alongside that of Judas. Because of this diff erence in chronological scope and emphasis, it is usually considered that 1 Maccabees is a dynastic chronicle written by a court historian, whereas 2 Macca- bees is the work of a pious author whose attitude toward the Hasmoneans has been diversely appreciated—from mild support, through indiff erence, to hostility. Moreover, the place of redaction of 2 Maccabees, either Jerusalem or Alexandria, is debated. Both because of its comparatively fl amboyant style and the author’s alleged primarily religious concerns, 2 Maccabees is held as an unreliable source of evidence about the causes of the Judean revolt.
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