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POLICING REFORM in AFRICA Moving Towards a Rights-Based Approach in a Climate of Terrorism, Insurgency and Serious Violent Crime
POLICING REFORM IN AFRICA Moving towards a rights-based approach in a climate of terrorism, insurgency and serious violent crime Edited by Etannibi E.O. Alemika, Mutuma Ruteere & Simon Howell POLICING REFORM IN AFRICA Moving towards a rights-based approach in a climate of terrorism, insurgency and serious violent crime Edited by Etannibi E.O. Alemika, University of Jos, Nigeria Mutuma Ruteere, UN Special Rapporteur, Kenya Simon Howell, APCOF, South Africa Acknowledgements This publication is funded by the Ford Foundation, the United Nations Development Programme, and the Open Societies Foundation. The findings and conclusions do not necessarily reflect their positions or policies. Published by African Policing Civilian Oversight Forum (APCOF) Copyright © APCOF, April 2018 ISBN 978-1-928332-33-6 African Policing Civilian Oversight Forum (APCOF) Building 23b, Suite 16 The Waverley Business Park Wyecroft Road Mowbray, 7925 Cape Town, ZA Tel: +27 21 447 2415 Fax: +27 21 447 1691 Email: [email protected] Web: www.apcof.org.za Cover photo taken in Nyeri, Kenya © George Mulala/PictureNET Africa Contents Foreword iv About the editors v SECTION 1: OVERVIEW Chapter 1: Imperatives of and tensions within rights-based policing 3 Etannibi E. O. Alemika Chapter 2: The constraints of rights-based policing in Africa 14 Etannibi E.O. Alemika Chapter 3: Policing insurgency: Remembering apartheid 44 Elrena van der Spuy SECTION 2: COMMUNITY–POLICE NEXUS Chapter 4: Policing in the borderlands of Zimbabwe 63 Kudakwashe Chirambwi & Ronald Nare Chapter 5: Multiple counter-insurgency groups in north-eastern Nigeria 80 Benson Chinedu Olugbuo & Oluwole Samuel Ojewale SECTION 3: POLICING RESPONSES Chapter 6: Terrorism and rights protection in the Lake Chad basin 103 Amadou Koundy Chapter 7: Counter-terrorism and rights-based policing in East Africa 122 John Kamya Chapter 8: Boko Haram and rights-based policing in Cameroon 147 Polycarp Ngufor Forkum Chapter 9: Police organizational capacity and rights-based policing in Nigeria 163 Solomon E. -
21 Houses, 33 Shops Razed in Ekiti Tanker Fire Explosion
NIGERIA’S MOST INFORMATIVE NEWSPAPER NO 16,671 MONDAY, 9 JANUARY, 2017 www.tribuneonlineng.com Nigerian Tribune @nigeriantribune TribuneOnline Nigerian Tribune N150 N5,000 Methodist Prelate, Bakare, beneficiaries picked two others speak on Adeboye years ago •Clerics should retire to give chance for younger generation —Prelate •Adeboye's action noble —Bakare —P4 —Presidency •It's healthy for the church —Bishop Fape —P11 •Once registered with CAC, you are bound by the law —Rev Adeoti No new minimum —P3 wage, no peace —NLC 1,000 days: Governor Ayodele Fayose of Ekiti State supervising the men of the state fire Buhari vows brigade at a petrol station which went up in flames during the discharge of to rescue petrol by a fuel tanker in Ado Ekiti, on Sunday. PHOTO: SAM NWAOKO remaining Chibok girls —P3 3 policemen killed, 2 missing as herdsmen attack Adamawa —P31 Nigerian women live longer than men —NBS —P32 TODAY'S SPECIAL 8 mistakes to 21 houses, 33 shops razed in avoid when —P37 naming your business —P11 Ekiti tanker fire explosion 2 news Monday, 9 January, 2017 Nigeria should restructure to 6 regions —Bakare Counsels Buhari to adopt Singapore model in fighting corruption tion, which then, as in Ni- ter some high-profile targets, Yew was ‘completely incor- problem that has not been Bola Badmus - Lagos would roundly condemn the geria now, was part of their giving of virtually anything including a few, who were ruptible and chose people, solved before and also to ERVING Overseer of culture. of value in exchange for any close to the seat of power. -
Cyprus Journal of Sciences Vol. 18
The Cyprus Journal of Sciences The e-Journal of American College Editor George Tsobanoglou, University of the Aegean, Greece Charalambos Louca Graham Orange, Leeds Metropolitan American College University, Leeds, UK Irene Sciriha, University of Malta, Malta Co-Editors Jan Katherine Bamford, London Metropolitan University, London, UK Andreas Petasis Joseph S. Joseph, University of Cyprus, Marios Charalambous Cyprus Constantinos A. Iacovou Kalliope Agapiou-Josephides, University of American College Cyprus, Cyprus Krassimira Ilieva, Bulgarian Academy of Editorial Board Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Andreas Andreou, University of Cyprus, Leonidas A. Phylactou, Cyprus Institute of Cyprus Neurology & Genetics, Cyprus Andros Gregoriou, Brunel University, Marianna Sigala, University of the Aegean, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK Greece Andreas A. Jobst, International Monetary Marina-Selini Katsaiti, United Arab Emirates Fund (IMF), Washington, USA University, UAE Andreas Kapardis, University of Cyprus, Mary Koutselini-Ioannidou, University of Cyprus Cyprus, Cyprus Anton Anthonissen, University of Utrecht, the Mary Vaxevanidou, Hellenic Open Netherlands University, Greece Arie De Ruijter, Tilburg University, the Panagiotis Kyratsis, Technological Netherlands Educational Institution of West Macedonia, Athanasios Laios, Democritus University of Greece Thrace, Greece Paul Verweel, University of Utrecht, the Biser Petrov, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Netherlands Sofia, Bulgaria Povey Ghislaine, University of Caroline Ann Wiscombe, University of Wolverhampton, -
Ncmg Peacebuilder
NCMG International CATEGORY: PEACE BUILDER 1. GOVERNOR KASHIM SHETTIMA GOVERNOR, BORNO STATE BACKGROUND Kashim Shettima was born on 2 September 1966 in Maiduguri, Borno State. He attended Government Community Secondary School, Biu in 1978 and then attended Government Science Secondary School Potiskum, Yobe State between 1980 and 1983. He studied Agricultural Economics at the University of Maiduguri, graduating in 1989. For his National Youth Service he worked with the Nigerian Agricultural Cooperative Bank in Calabar (1989–1990). He then attended the University of Ibadan (1990-1991), gaining a master's degree in Agricultural Economics. From 1991 to 1993 he was a lecturer in Agricultural Economics at the University of Maiduguri. EARLY CAREER Shettima worked with the Commercial Bank of Africa as an Agricultural Economist at its Ikeja Office, Lagos State (1993-1997). He then became a deputy manager, later manager, at the African International Bank Limited, Kaduna Branch (1997–2001), and was appointed Deputy Manager/Branch Head of the Zenith Bank's Maiduguri Office in 2001, becoming General Manager five years later. In mid-2007, Shettima was appointed Commissioner of the Borno State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development. Later he became Commissioner in the Ministries of Local Governments and Chieftaincy Affairs, Education, Agriculture and later Health under his predecessor as Borno Governor Ali Modu Sheriff. ACHIEVEMENTS One of the biggest achievements of Governor Shettima’s government is in the reconstruction of towns and villages destroyed by Boko Haram. The government had in 2016 created the Ministry of Reconstruction, Rehabilitation and Resettlement that was saddled with the task of rebuilding all public buildings and homes of the displaced persons. -
THE ORIGIN of the NAME NIGERIA Nigeria As Country
THE ORIGIN OF THE NAME NIGERIA Help our youth the truth to know Nigeria as country is located in West In love and Honesty to grow Africa between latitude 40 – 140 North of the And living just and true equator and longitude 30 – 140 East of the Greenwich meridian. Great lofty heights attain The name Nigeria was given by the Miss To build a nation where peace Flora Shaw in 1898 who later married Fredrick Lord Lugard who amalgamated the Northern And justice shall reign and Southern Protectorates of Nigeria in the NYSC ANTHEM year 1914 and died in 1945. Youth obey the Clarion call The official language is English and the Nation’s motto is UNITY AND FAITH, PEACE AND Let us lift our Nation high PROGRESS. Under the sun or in the rain NATIONAL ANTHEM With dedication, and selflessness Arise, O Compatriots, Nigeria’s call obey Nigeria is ours, Nigeria we serve. To serve our fatherland NIGERIA COAT OF ARMS With love and strength and faith Representation of Components The labour of our hero’s past - The Black Shield represents the good Shall never be in vain soil of Nigeria - The Eagle represents the Strength of To serve with heart and Might Nigeria One nation bound in freedom, - The Two Horses stands for dignity and pride Peace and unity. - The Y represent River Niger and River Benue. THE PLEDGE THE NIGERIAN FLAG I Pledge to Nigeria my Country The Nigeria flag has two colours To be faithful loyal and honest (Green and White) To serve Nigeria with all my strength - The Green part represents Agriculture To defend her unity - The White represents Unity and Peace. -
The Legislature in Intra-Executive Crisis and Institutional Instability in Nigeria
Annals of Reviews and Research Review Article Ann Rev Resear Volume 3 Issue 5- October 2018 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Ibraheem Oladipo Muhee The Legislature in Intra-Executive Crisis and Institutional Instability in Nigeria Ibraheem Oladipo Muhee* and Jibola Lawal Orisadare Department of Political Science, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Submission: June 06, 2018; Published: October 09, 2018 *Corresponding author: Ibraheem Oladipo Muhee, Department of Political Science, Universty of Ibadan, Nigeria, Email: Abstract The preeminence of legitimate institutional preferences distinguishes popular government from dictatorship. The imperative for viable legislative institutions to the consolidation of popular government in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized. This study interrogates legislatures’ of the institution of the legislature. Qualitative method, descriptive analysis, theories of separation of powers, institutionalization, and the complicity in intra-executive conflicts, deputy-governorship turnover, and institutional instability, with a view to mitigate further undermining bicameral national, and unicameral subnational assemblies and multi-level executives. It enjoins separation of powers with delineation of the functionalprebendal boundariesconception ofof governmental the Nigeria state, institutions its post-colonial vis-à-vis the and rule post-conflict of law to guard transactional against encroachment politics suffice. and The impunity. 1999 SectionsConstitution 176 andfeatures 186 provide for Governor, and Deputy-Governor, -
SENATE of the FEDERAL REPUBLIC of NIGERIA VOTES and PROCEEDINGS Thursday, 6Th February, 2020
9TH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY FIRST SESSION No. 58 913 SENATE OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS Thursday, 6th February, 2020 1. The Senate met at 11:02 a.m. The President of the Senate read prayers. 2. Votes and Proceedings: The Senate examined the Votes and Proceedings of Wednesday, 5th February, 2020. Question was put and the Votes and Proceedings were approved. 3. Announcements: (a) Notice of Meeting Postponement: The President of the Senate read a letter from Senator Yahaya A. Abdullahi (Kebbi North) as follows: THE SENATE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA AD-HOC COMMITTEE ON NIGERIAN SECURITY CHALLENGES: URGENT NEED TO RESTRUCTURE, REVIEW AND REORGANIZE THE CURRENT SECURITY ARCHITECTURE His Excellency, gh February, 2020 The President of the Senate, National Assembly, Abuja. Your Excellency, NOTICE OF MEETING: POSTPONEMENT This is to inform Members of the Ad-Hoc Committee on Nigerian Security Challenges: Urgent Needto Restructure, Review and Reorganize the Current Security Architecture; that the earlier scheduled meetings/activities of the Ad-Hoc Committee slated to start today; 6th February, 2020 by 12:00 noon prompt at the NAF Conference Centre have been postponed to Monday, 10th _ Friday, 15th February, 2020 at the same venue and time. This to make way for the eventlceremony of the Nigerian Airforce Helicopter at the Eagle Square today. PRINTED BY NATIONAL ASSEMBLY PRESS, ABUJA 914 Thursday, 6th February, 2020 No. 58 The Minister of Defence and Service Chiefs among other slated Stakeholders invited by the Ad-Hoc Committee are expected to attend the Ceremony. Any inconvenience is highly regretted. Please accept the assurances of the Committee's highest consideration. -
Confronting the Terrorism of Boko Haram in Nigeria
JSOU 12-5 Report Confronting the Confronting the Terrorism Haram Boko of in Nigeria Terrorism of Boko Haram in Nigeria Joint Special Operations University 7701 Tampa Point Boulevard MacDill AFB FL 33621 https://jsou.socom.mil Forest James J.F. Forest JSOU Report 12-5 May 2012 Joint Special Operations University Brian A. Maher, Ed.D., SES, President Kenneth H. Poole, Ed.D., Strategic Studies Department Director Juan Alvarez, Colonel, U.S. Air Force, Ret.; Dona Stewart, Ph.D., Geography; William Knarr, Ed.D., Colonel, U.S. Army, Ret. — Resident Senior Fellows Editorial Advisory Board Joint Special Operations University John B. Alexander Alvaro de Souza Pinheiro Ph.D., Education, The Apollinaire Group Major General, Brazilian Army, Ret. and the Strategic Studies Department and JSOU Senior Fellow JSOU Associate Fellow The Joint Special Operations University (JSOU) provides its publications Roby C. Barrett James F. Powers, Jr. to contribute toward expanding the body of knowledge about joint special Ph.D., Middle Eastern and Colonel, U.S. Army, Ret. South Asian History JSOU Senior Fellow operations. JSOU publications advance the insights and recommendations Public Policy Center Middle East Institute of national security professionals and the Special Operations Forces (SOF) and JSOU Senior Fellow Thomas Sass students and leaders for consideration by the SOF community and defense Ph.D., International Relations Joseph D. Celeski leadership Colonel, U.S. Army, Ret. Richard H. Shultz, Jr. JSOU is the educational component of the United States Special Opera- JSOU Senior Fellow Ph.D., Political Science tions Command (USSOCOM), MacDill Air Force Base, Florida. The JSOU Director, International Security Chuck Cunningham Studies Program, The Fletcher School, mission is to educate SOF executive, senior, and intermediate leaders and Lieutenant General, U.S. -
Understanding Nigerian Citizens' Perspectives on Boko Haram
Understanding Nigerian citizens’ perspectives on Boko Haram Anneli Botha, Martin Ewi, Uyo Salifu and Mahdi Abdile ISS MONOGRAPH NUMBER 196 Contents Executive summary ....................................................................................................................... iii Acronyms .......................................................................................................................................v Tables and fi gures ......................................................................................................................... vi Tables .......................................................................................................................................... vi Figures ........................................................................................................................................ vi Chapter 1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................1 Chapter 2 Research methodology, limitations and structure ....................................................5 Chapter 3 The political context as a means of understanding Boko Haram .............................7 Voting ...........................................................................................................................................9 Trust in leadership and political institutions ...................................................................................16 Chapter 4 Who to call when in danger? ...................................................................................23 -
Conflict Bulletin: Borno State
The Fund for Peace Conflict Bulletin: Borno State May 2014 However, according to data aggregated on Yusuf in Maiduguri in 2002. In the latter half the P4P Web Map, violence was merely of 2009, deadly clashes between JAS and displaced from the urban center to more Nigerian security forces killed hundreds. rural parts of the state. Subsequent to this spike in fatalities, however, insurgent activity in the state Borno state is home to approximately 4.2 decreased significantly, with no reported million people (2006 census). The incidents attributed to them in the first half population is mostly Muslim and ethnically of 2010. In October 2010, a reported attack Kanuri, Bura, and a few nomadic Shuwa attributed to Boko Haram left the Borno Arabs. It is the second-largest producer of State Chairman of ANPP dead. In December maize in Nigeria. Farmers also grow millet, of that year, multiple attacks on churches rice, wheat, and cotton. Its location at the were also blamed on members of the border of Niger, Chad, and Cameroon group. makes it strategic for trade in and out of the country. Kashim Shettima, from the All In 2011, incidents involving Boko Haram and orno State, the location of the April Nigeria People’s Party (ANPP), has governed their consequent fatalities rose steadily, 2014 abduction of nearly 300 school Borno since winning the April 2011 beginning with the murder of a leading girls, is at the heart of what has been gubernatorial elections. ANPP candidate and his entourage in called the “Boko Haram” insurgency. Maiduguri in January. -
RMG-CCDI-2015 REPORT-EDIT.Pdf
LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Total population of Nigeria and percentages of age groups from 1950-2010 ……………… 12 Table 2.2 Gender distribution of Nigeria population……………………………………………………..…………… 13 Table 2.3 showing results of Nigerian presidential elections from Independence till 2011……………15 Table 2.4 Electoral Statistics……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 16 Table 3.3 Number of delegates per state in the APC Third National Convention………………………….21 Table 3.4 Results of the APC Presidential Primaries……………………………………………………………………..28 Table 3.5 Electoral Statistics of the APC Presidential Primaries…………………………………………………….29 Table 3.6 Summary of PVC Distribution as of 21st March 2015……………………………………………………. 30 Table 5.1 Summary of the results of the Nigerian Presidential Election………………………………………. 82 Table 5.2 Variance of voter turnout across the country in relation to the national average …………84 Table 5.3 Comparative analysis of the 2011 and 2015 Presidential Elections……….………………………85 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.0 Map of Nigeria depicting all the states and Federal Capital Territory…………………………..10 Figure 2.1 Nigeria States by Population………………………………………………………………………………………. 11 Figure 2.2 Nigeria States by Population………………………………………………………………………………………..11 Figure 3.1 Map of Nigeria showing incidences of pre-election violence………………………………………. 17 Figure 3.2 Map of Nigeria showing the deployment of Resident Electoral Commissioners (RECs) for the 2015 General Elections…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19 Figure 3.3 PVC Collection based on Geo-political zone………………………………………………………. -
News Media Representations of Women in Conflicts: The
News Media Representations of Women in Conflicts: The Boko Haram Conflict in Borno State, North East Nigeria (2012-2015) - A Study of Guardian, Daily Trust, Daily Sun, Leadership, Nation, and Thisday Newspapers Item Type Thesis or dissertation Authors Mbaya, Nancy, B. Citation Mbaya, N, B. (2019). News Media Representations of Women in Conflicts: The Boko Haram Conflict in Borno State, North East Nigeria (2012-2015) - A Study of Guardian, Daily Trust, Daily Sun, Leadership, Nation, and Thisday Newspapers (Doctoral dissertation). University of Chester, UK. Publisher University of Chester Rights Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Download date 27/09/2021 02:05:15 Item License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10034/623071 NEWS MEDIA REPRESENTATIONS OF WOMEN IN CONFLICTS: THE BOKO HARAM CONFLICT IN BORNO STATE, NORTH EAST NIGERIA (2012-2015)-A STUDY OF GUARDIAN, DAILY TRUST, DAILY SUN, LEADERSHIP, NATION, AND THISDAY NEWSPAPERS BY NANCY BRIAN MBAYA THESIS SUBMITTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHESTER FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DATE OF SUBMISSION: 23/10/2019 1 DECLARATION “The material being presented for examination is my own work and has not been submitted for an award of this or another HEI except in minor particulars which are explicitly noted in the body of the thesis. Where research pertaining to the thesis was undertaken collaboratively, the nature and extent of my individual contribution has been made explicit.” NANCY