DOCSLIB.ORG

Chiapas: a New Form of Struggle?

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chiapas: a New Form of Struggle? NEWS & LETTERS Theory/Practice 'Human Power is its own end'—Marx Vol. 39 - No. 2 MARCH 1994 250 UPS strike Chiapas: a new form of struggle? helps all by Carlos Varela Editor's note: As we go to press, the Mexican workers government has announced a tentative peace agreement with the Zapatista rebels. The gov­ by John Marcotte ernment's effort to contain the Chiapas revolt gives new urgency to grasping the revolt's un­ UPS (United Parcel Service) drivers and loaders derlying meaning. walked out all over the nation on Monday, Feb. 7. They showed UPS can't mess around with them. They walked On Jan. 1, 1994, the North American Free because UPS, without any consultation with the Team­ Trade Agreement (NAFTA), signed by the gov­ sters union, raised the maximum weight drivers would ernments of Mexico, Canada and the U.S., went have to handle from 70 pounds to 150 pounds. A new into effect. That same day, an army of about contract was signed just months ago, and this never 2,000 indigenous people of the state of Chiapas, came up in the negotiations. Mexico, under the name of the Zapatista Na­ tional Liberation Army (EZLN), declared war A driver said, "The company didn't even have the de­ on the Mexican state, shocking the post-Cold cency to tell us^ We were the last to know. I'm making War world. This peasant uprising is a clear re­ pick-ups and suddenly this customer says to me, 'So next sponse to the exploitation and genocide that the week you guys are picking up 150 pounds, right?' That indigenous people have been suffering through was the first I heard of it. The customers were told a the centuries. NAFTA and the neo-liberal poli­ month ago." cies imposed by the Salinas government, which UPS DRIVERS UNDER PRESSURE deepen the inhuman conditions of not only the UPS drivers make over 100 stops a day. They have to peasants but also all Mexican workers, were the trigger for the uprising. go up stairs. They are under constant pressure to work s fast. On a January day of snow and freezing rain, a UPS THE NEO-LD3ERAL 'MDXACLE' $$&•'.' '*.>.>; . ''K'4fit:' '° driver told me, "They'll have me in the office tomorrow The social conditions in Mexico were aggra­ morning to know why I was running late today. They vated in the last 12 years by these neo-liberal Indian in Chiapas shows papers demanding land. know there's ice all over, and traffic's not moving. The policies, the new form in which capitalism is presented. other month, the wheel fell off a package truck. The plete privatization of state companies, a strong reduction In Latin America, the results of these policies are evi­ in the work force, a reduction of tariffs, the elimination driver could have been killed. But the first thing the su­ dent not only in the 1989 uprisings in Caracas and Bue­ pervisor asks is, 'Is there any second day air on the nos Aires, but also in the revolts in Santiago del Estero, of all social programs, the implementation of an export truck?' They don't care if you die out there." Argentina, this past December (see N&L, January-Feb­ economy and the reduction of subsidies for agriculture. On the picket line, UPS workers said they would stay ruary, 1994), and in the current Indian, worker, and stu­ All this in order to attract foreign capital investment out as long as it took. UPS settled that afternoon. They dent strikes and revolts all over Ecuador. These neo-lib­ through maintaining a cheap labor force. said no worker would have to handle a package over 70 eral policies mean "economic growth" through the com- (continued on page 5) pounds without help. Teamsters president Ron Carey, who used to head the New York UPS local union, defied a court injunction in (continued on page 3) | Editorial | U.S., Russia in Bosnia cockpit The shooting down of four Serbian bombers over Bos­ so that the U.S. could "disengage" from the thorny issue nia on Feb. 27 by U.S. warplanes operating under the of Bosnia altogether. Black World guise of NATO has brought a new reality to the crisis af­ All this changed by early February, when the Bosnian flicting Bosnia-Herzegovina. Together with Clinton's army began recording important advances against Serb threat to attack Serbian positions following the bombing and Croat forces. The U.S. felt compelled to involve itself of the Sarajevo marketplace on Feb. 5 and the subse­ more actively on the Bosnian issue, especially following Farrakhan's quent Serb decision to withdraw their heavy weaponry the Feb. 5 Serb mortar attack on the Sarajevo market­ around Sarajevo under the rubric of a Russian "peace place which killed 68 civilians. The worldwide outcry plan," the major powers have thrust themselves into one against this murderous assault brought into sharp focus 'frenzy of of the bloodiest conflicts of the post-Cold War world. the inhumanity of the Western powers, which had re­ The Clinton administration's use of direct military fused to lift a finger against the genocidal war being might to enforce a "no fly zone" over Bosnia coincides waged against the Bosnian people. self-conceit' with intense diplomatic moves to impose a settlement on Concerned with this image of Western inaction, Clin­ the warring parties. Yet it would be sheer illusion to con­ ton got France and other European powers to support clude that the Clinton administration is acting out of the idea of using NATO to launch air strikes against Ser­ deference to the interests of the Bosnians. by Lou Turner bian artillery installations surrounding Sarajevo in ex­ This is especially seen in how, despite recent Bosnian change for U.S. agreement to press the Bosnians into ac­ Back in 1982 I spoke at a week-long conference on military advances against Serbian and Croatian forces, cepting concessions at the negotiating table. Malcolm X organized by a group of Black students at the major powers have said nothing about lifting the Yet it is not only the situation in Bosnia per se, as UCLA. The highlight of the conference was slated to be a UN-imposed arms embargo so that Bosnia could defend much as broader geopolitical considerations, which ap­ long-awaited speech by Khalid Abdul Muhammad, na­ itself from outright genocide. That is indeed the rub. pears to have motivated the U.S. turn to direct engage­ tional spokesman for Louis Farrakhan and the NOI (Na­ The major powers are intervening in order to ensure ment in Bosnia. Clinton argued that the threat of air tion of Islam). Clearly, the Black students believed that that they, and not the Bosnian people, determine the strikes was needed because "We have an interest in Khalid Muhammad represented a historic continuity shape of things to come in this war-torn land. showing that NATO, history's greatest military alliance, with the legacy of Malcolm X that they expected to hear In fact, as a result of the recent developments the U.S. remains a credible force for peace in post-Cold War Eu­ articulated as the highpoint of their conference. To their and Russia appear poised to pressure Bosnia into accept­ rope." One U.S. diplomat in Europe put it more bluntly: shock and dismay, Khalid Muhammad spewed forth a ing a partition of their country—precisely the goal the "The NATO ultimatum is not about Bosnia. It is about scurrilous attack on Malcolm X as a "Judas" betraying Serbs have fought to attain in their genocidal war to de­ the appearance of NATO credibility." (Quoted in "U.S. his "benefactor, the Honorable Elijah Muhammad." stroy Bosnia's multiethnic heritage. Shifts Course on Bosnia, Backing Europe's Partition Like his own "benefactor" Louis Farrakhan, whose As one commentator put it, Western and Russian Plan," by Robert Marquard in The Christian Science ascendancy in the NOI also began with his doing the bid­ "policy remains committed to the idea that the govern­ Monitor, Feb. 17,1994.) ding of Elijah Muhammad in carrying out the character ment of Bosnia must agree not only to partition but to THE RUSSIAN FACTOR assassination of Malcolm X as prelude to the latter's ac­ an unfair partition that leaves the Serbian side substan­ tual assassination, Khalid Muhammad demonstrated his tial areas that were predominantly Muslim. [They] differ The question then is, why would the U.S. suddenly be­ zeal to re-assassinate Malcolm's character before an en­ only on the degree of unfairness they think the Muslims come so concerned about the credibility of NATO when tirely new generation of young Black activists. Which is should accept." If further intervention occurs, "it will be for the last several years NATO has increasingly been why Farrakhan's ghoulish display of one of Malcolm's an intervention aimed not at undoing the partition of viewed as a relic of the Cold War and "a carcass of dead assassins as a hero at two recent rallies is no accident. Bosnia but of stabilizing it." (Martin Woollacott, The policies"? The answer lies not so much in the situation It's his attempt to drive the ghost of Malcolm X back Guardian [London], Feb. 10, 1994.) in Bosnia as in the recent events in Russia. into the night. This new situation raises so many questions for those Russia's move away from "free market" shock therapy Far from any of this being merely anecdotal, it actual­ striving to work out genuine grassroots solidarity with and toward a more assertive foreign policy based on its ly goes to the heart of the current phenomenon of Black the Bosnian struggle for freedom and self-determination (continued on page 9) anti-Semitism associated with Farrakhan, and which has that we need to review the path which led to today's con­ also taken up residency in Black academia.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bennett Evelyn.Pdf
    THB DEVELOPMENT OF A LITERATURE INSTRUCTIONAL UNIT FOR GIFTED CHILDREN IN THE ELEMENTARY GRADES by Bvelyn Bennett, B.A.(Ed.) A thesis submitted in pert:lal fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education Department of Curr:l.cultul1 ail:d Instruction Faculty of Education MemOl'ial University of Newfoundland July, 1990 St. John's Newfoundland Nalionallibfary Bibliolh6que nalienate .+. 01 Canada duCanilda canadian Theses service Service des thCs('$ canadieMes The author has granted all irrevocable non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence Irrevocable at exclusive licence allowing the National Ubrary non exclusive permettant a la BibliolMque of Canada to reproduce, loan. distribute orsell nationale du Canada de reprodulre. prAler, copies of his/her thesis by any means and in dislrlbuer au vendra des copies de sa these any form or format, making this thesis available de Quelque maniere. at SQus. quelque forme to interested persons, que ce solt pour maitre des exempla;res de ce"e thElse ala disposition des personnes interessees. The author retains ownership of the copyright L'auteuroonserve /a propriete du droit d'auleur in hislher thesis. Neither the thesis nor qui protege sa IMse. Ni Ia these ni des extrails substantial extracts from it may be printed or substantiels de celle-ci ne doivent €lIre otherwise ruproduced without his/her per­ imprimes ou aulremenl reprodui!s sans son mission. aUlorisation. ISBN 0-31S-61790-X Canada ABSTRACT Many gifted children can read before they enter school and by the time they reach elementary school, their reading skills are well developed. The language arts curriculum for these children must go beyond that offered In general education programs if they are to realize their full potential.
    [Show full text]
  • Afrocentrism Through Afro-American Music: from the 1960’S Until the Early 2000’S
    Afrocentrism through Afro-American Music: from the 1960’s until the Early 2000’s by Jérémie Kroubo Dagnini, Department of Anglophone Studies University Michel de Montaigne Bordeaux 3, France. Jérémie Kroubo Dagnini ([email protected]) is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Anglophone Studies at the University Michel de Montaigne Bordeaux 3 in France, conducting research on the history of Jamaican popular music in the twentieth century. He is the author of Les origines du reggae: retour aux sources. Mento, ska, rocksteady, early reggae published by L’Harmattan in 2008. Abstract Afrocentrism is an intellectual, political, sociological, historical and cultural movement principally born out of Black people’s constant struggle against racism and oppression. Thus, this ideology dates back to the era of slavery and was born in the Black diaspora as a response to Eurocentrism which views the world from a European perspective, implying superiority of Europeans and more generally Westerners, namely Whites, over non-Europeans, namely non- Whites, especially Blacks. The United States of America being an ancient land of slavery, it is not surprising that Afrocentrism emerged within its society. It has been notably significant from the late 19th onwards and has impacted on different aspects of social life, including literature, politics, religion, economy, sport and music. Since the 1960’s, Afrocentrism has been particularly visible through music which has become an obvious new force in America. Indeed, in the 1960’s, it was an integral part of soul music which accompanied the civil rights movements. Then, it has integrated most genres which followed up such as funk, rap and modern rhythm and blues.
    [Show full text]
  • Novels and Nonfiction Grades 8–12 : Alberta Authorized Resource List and Annotated Bibliography
    KKnnoowwlleeddggee aanndd EEmmppllooyyaabbiilliittyy Annotated Bibliography Resource List and AlbertaAuthorized http:// Novels and Nonfiction www. education.gov.ab.ca/k_12/curriculum/bySubject/ Th Grade is September document is s available at online 8 – 200 12 6 ke / ALBERTA EDUCATION CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION DATA Alberta. Alberta Education. Learning and Teaching Resources Branch. Novels and nonfiction grades 8–12 : Alberta authorized resource list and annotated bibliography. Knowledge and Employability ISBN 0–7785–5162–8 1. Language arts (Secondary)—Curricula—Alberta. 2. Young adult fiction—Curricula—Alberta—Annotated bibliography. 3. Young adult literature—Curricula—Alberta—Annotated bibliography. I. Title. PE1113.A333 2006 372.65 Questions or concerns regarding this document can be addressed to the Learning and Teaching Resources Branch, Alberta Education. Telephone: 780–427–2984, Fax: 780–422–0576. To be connected toll free inside Alberta, dial 310–0000. The primary intended audience for this document is: Administrators Counsellors General Audience Parent School Councils Parents Students Teachers Copyright ©2006, the Crown in Right of Alberta, as represented by the Minister of Education. Alberta Education, Learning and Teaching Resources Branch, 10044 – 108 Street NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T5J 5E6. Every effort has been made to provide proper acknowledgement of original sources and to comply with copyright law. If cases are identified where this has not been done, please notify Alberta Education so appropriate corrective action can be taken. Permission is given by the copyright owner to reproduce this document for educational purposes and on a nonprofit basis, with the exception of materials cited for which Alberta Education does not own copyright. TABLE OF CONTENTS Organization of This Document .........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • In an Academic Voice: Antisemitism and Academy Bias Kenneth Lasson University of Baltimore School of Law, [email protected]
    University of Baltimore Law ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law All Faculty Scholarship Faculty Scholarship 2011 In an Academic Voice: Antisemitism and Academy Bias Kenneth Lasson University of Baltimore School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/all_fac Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, and the First Amendment Commons Recommended Citation Kenneth Lasson, In an Academic Voice: Antisemitism and Academy Bias, 3 J. Study of Antisemitism 349 (2011). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. In an Academic Voice: Antisemitism and Academy Bias Kenneth Lasson* Current events and the recent literature strongly suggest that antisemitism and anti-Zionism are often conflated and can no longer be viewed as distinct phenomena. The following paper provides an overview of con- temporary media and scholarship concerning antisemitic/anti-Zionist events and rhetoric on college campuses. This analysis leads to the con- clusion that those who are naive about campus antisemitism should exer- cise greater vigilance and be more aggressive in confronting the problem. Key Words: Antisemitism, Higher Education, Israel, American Jews In America, Jews feel very comfortable, but there are islands of anti- Semitism: the American college campus. —Natan Sharansky1 While universities like to nurture the perception that they are protec- tors of reasoned discourse, and indeed often perceive themselves as sacro- sanct places of culture in a chaotic world, the modern campus is, of course, not quite so wonderful.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hilltop 3-4-1994
    Howard University Digital Howard @ Howard University The iH lltop: 1990-2000 The iH lltop Digital Archive 3-4-1994 The iH lltop 3-4-1994 Hilltop Staff Follow this and additional works at: https://dh.howard.edu/hilltop_902000 Recommended Citation Staff, Hilltop, "The iH lltop 3-4-1994" (1994). The Hilltop: 1990-2000. 108. https://dh.howard.edu/hilltop_902000/108 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the The iH lltop Digital Archive at Digital Howard @ Howard University. It has been accepted for inclusion in The iH lltop: 1990-2000 by an authorized administrator of Digital Howard @ Howard University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ... I Serving the Howard University community since 1924 March 4, 1994. West's Charter Day address not dampened by inclement weather ,..,...---,--.-.,...,..,.....,.,.,.,,...,____ ~ obsc r "e Chane r signed ... prcdicating black subor­ THIS WEEK Day, West OUI• dination.'" lined the causes But despite the innate sub­ CB ONE TEACH ONE and the cu res for ordination of'"Africans in Amer­ the feelings ica:· West remains a self­ IANAGING EDITOR OF YSB PLAYS '"paranoia and described prisoner of hope, dblrus1·· harbored pointing out the proven ability of ROLE AS PROFESSOR: Constance Green by many African blacks 10 rise above the ordinary. Managing Editor of Young Sisters & Brothe;s Americans. ··we live in a ··There's a sense of the sub­ agazine leaches Reporting & Writing in the moment where lime in the lives of everyday peo­ hool of Communications. CAMPUS, A2 we've got 10 con­ ple,"' West said. ··we arc all cern ourscl ves unique individuals, we just nccd with the detection to reach the conclusion that our of the best in the lives arc epically significant." traditions 1ha1 According lo West, those DR.
    [Show full text]
  • Campus Environment Presidential Ad Hoc Committee Final Report November 6, 2019
    Campus Environment Presidential Ad Hoc Committee Final Report November 6, 2019 Prepared for: Troy Paino President University of Mary Washington Prepared by: The Campus Environment Presidential Ad Hoc Committee Associate Professor Michael Spencer, Chair Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 11 Campus History: ......................................................................................................................................... 16 Results and Analysis ................................................................................................................................... 27 Quantitative Assessment ....................................................................................................................... 27 Qualitative Assessment: ........................................................................................................................ 31 Emil Schnellock’s Murals: ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • DOCUMENT RESUME SO 026 460 Black History: Kindergarten to Senior 4, a Manitoba Dept. of Education and Training, Manitoba Educati
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 403 184 SO 026 460 TITLE Black History: Kindergarten to Senior 4, A Bibliography. INSTITUTION Manitoba Dept. of Education and Training, Winnipeg. PUB DATE Dec 95 NOTE 12p. AVAILABLE FROMManitoba Education and Training, Main Floor, 1181 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3G OT3 Canada. PUB TYPE Reference Materials Bibliographies (131) EDRS PRICE MFO1 /PCO1 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *African History; *African Studies; American Studies; *Black History; *Black Studies; *Culture; Culture Contact; Elementary Secondary Education; Ethnic Studies; Foreign Countries; Global Education; *Multicultural Education; Slavery; Social Studies; United States History IDENTIFIERS Canada ABSTRACT The materials listed in this bibliography of resources on black history are part of the collection of the Manitoba Education and Training Library. The materials on black history include both Canadian and U.S. listings in:(1) books (139 items); (2) multi-media kits (3 items); and (3) videos and films (9 items). The U.S. section also contains listings for compact discs (5 items). The citations for the books (nonfiction and fiction) contain the author, title, publisher, publication date, and the library call number. The citations for the videos and films and compact discs, contain the title, producer, distributor, production date, running time, a summary, and audience level.(EH) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY 14 CoSs2S TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OP EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ,11 This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization O originating it 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Quality.
    [Show full text]
  • Essex/Kent County African-Canadian Connections to the Ontario Curriculum for Grades 1 to 6 Social Studies, Grades 7 and 8 History and Geography
    ESSEX/KENT COUNTY AFRICAN-CANADIAN CONNECTIONS TO THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM FOR GRADES 1 TO 6 SOCIAL STUDIES, GRADES 7 AND 8 HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY INTERNATIONAL MEMORIAL TO THE REVISED 2016 UNDERGROUND RAILROAD WINDSOR, ONTARIO, CANADA Table of Contents Preface …………………………………………………………… i Introduction to Study …………………………………………………………… ii Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………… iii Suggested Cross-Curricular Activities that can be used in All Grades to Celebrate African Canadian History…………………………………………………………………………... 1 An African Canadian Search …………………………………………………………… 2 African Canadian Timeline …………………………………………………………… 3 Overview Chart of African Canadian Connections to the Ontario Curriculum Social Studies/History and Geography, grades 1-8………………………………………………... 23 Grade 1: A. Heritage and Identify: Our Changing Roles and Responsibility………………………… 25 B. People and Environments: The Local Community……………………………………… 25 Profile of Rose Fortune Suggested Activities Grade 2: A. Heritage and Identify: Changing Family and Community Traditions…………………... 28 Emancipation Day Black History Month Kwanzaa McDougall Street Reunion North Buxton Homecoming B. People and Environments: Global Communities………………………………………... 32 Spirituals African Canadian Legends African Canadian Food or Soul Food African Canadian Performing Arts African Canadian Religion Grade 3 A. Heritage and Identity: Communities in Canada, 1780-1850…………………………….. 39 Hotel-Dieu Hospital Facts about Africa African Canadians as Loyalists, Enslaved People, and Settlers in Upper Canada Definition
    [Show full text]
  • 2011 Skills, Talents
    2011 Complete Analysis Of The Collective Black People Movement (CBPM) Program: Skills, Talents, & Intelligence (Education) Revolution! Created By: CBPM Engineering Department Technical Director: Bomani IT Services (bomaniitservices.com) CBPM Office: 132 Fairfield Place, Suite 204 Atlanta, GA 30314 404-HIP-JAZZ; 404-447-5299; 314-473-5987 [email protected]; www.cbpm.org It is easier to build Unity, one Brother and one Sister at time, than it is to build an Automobile, Airplane, or a Building. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS: Introduction……………………………………………………………………………… 3 1. Break down of brothers and sisters in the CBPM……………...……..………………. 4 2. Types of Member in the CBPM………………………………………………………. 4 3. Members of the CBPM live in the following Countries…..……….…………………. 4 4. Members of the CBPM live in the following States……………………………..…… 5 5. Members of the CBPM in Georgia are located in the following cities…….…………. 6 6. Members of the CBPM were born in the following countries……………….……. 6 - 7 7. Members of the CBPM, from the US, were born in the following States…….…….....7 8. The current age range of the members of the CBPM is………………………….…… 7 9. The Birth month of the current members of the CBPM is broken down as follows….. 8 10. Members heard about the CBPM by the following Methods……………….…… 8- 16 11. The Members of the CBPM have these special skills to help our people….…... 16 - 35 12. The members of the Collective Black People Movement went to High School at the following Locations…………………………………………………………….......... 36 13. Where the Collective Black People Members went to College or University.... 36 - 37 14. The Collective Black People Movement Members have Studied these fields at Colleges and Universities………………………………………………...……..
    [Show full text]
  • Challenged Books and Magazines List Updated February 2012 2011
    Challenged Books and Magazines List Updated February 2012 This selective list provides information on numerous books and some magazines and newspapers that have been challenged in the past decades. Each challenge sought to limit public access to these publications in schools, libraries and elsewhere. Some challenges were upheld; others were rejected. We have tried to update our research on unresolved challenges. Because some challenges are dismissed, the publications remain on library shelves or curriculum lists. We think it is worthwhile to include such instances because the effect of a controversy over publications can spread even though the would-be banners lose. A book or magazine with a controversial reputation can be quietly dropped from reading lists and curricula. This interference can be most insidious—quiet acquiescence to the scare tactics that would-be censors know how to employ. Because organizations and community groups that ask for book and magazine bans usually want to avoid public controversies, it is often difficult to discover why challenges are launched or what becomes of them. If you know of book or magazine or newspaper challenges or, better still, satisfactory resolutions anywhere in Canada, please use the accompanying case study form to give us details. 2011 Brunetti, Ivan, Lilli Carré, et al. Black Eye 1: Graphic Transmissions to Cause Ocular Hypertension. 2011—Officials of the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) seized five copies of this comic book anthology in Buffalo, New York, while artist Tom Neely and a colleague were travelling to the Toronto Comic Arts Festival. Objection—The customs officers found images of sex and violence in the book.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Conservative Intellectuals in Modern America Michael L. Ondaatje
    NEITHER COUNTERFEIT HEROES NOR COLOUR-BLIND VISIONARIES: BLACK CONSERVATIVE INTELLECTUALS IN MODERN AMERICA MICHAEL L. ONDAATJE This thesis is presented for a doctorate of philosophy in the discipline of History, School of Humanities, University of Western Australia. 2007 CONTENTS Abstract...............................................................................................................................i Acknowledgements............................................................................................................ii Introduction........................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1: Historiography of Contemporary Black Conservatism............................10 Chapter 2: Contemporary Black Conservative Profiles..............................................38 Chapter 3: Black Conservatives and Affirmative Action.............................................83 Chapter 4: Black Conservatives and Black Poverty...................................................138 Chapter 5: Black Conservatives and Education ........................................................184 Conclusion......................................................................................................................225 Bibliography...................................................................................................................228 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS No person is an island. Our debts to others stretch far back into the mists of time. And so it is not
    [Show full text]
  • History Y7 Formation of Britain the Slave Trade
    Read Around the Subject Y7 Formation of Britain and the Slave Trade Recommended Reading List Chains #1 by Laurie Halse Anderson Set in 1776, against the backdrop of the American struggle for independence, this powerful novel is also an incredible adventure about one girl’s struggle for freedom in a society in which she is considered someone else’s property. Isabel and her sister, Ruth, are slaves. Sold from one owner to the next, they arrive in New York as the Americans are fighting for their independence, and the English are struggling to maintain control. Soon Isabel is struggling too. Struggling to keep herself and her sister safe in a world in which they have no control. With a rare and compelling voice, this haunting novel tells not only the story of a remarkable girl and her incredible strength, but also of a time and place in which slavery was the order of the day and lives were valued like weights of meat or bundles of vegetables. Unheard Voices: An Anthology of Stories and Poems to Commemorate the Bicentenary Anniversary of the Abolition of the Slave Trade by Malorie Blackman In March 1807, the British Parliament passed an Act making the trading and transportation of slaves’ illegal. It was many years before slavery, as it was known then, was abolished, and slavery still continues today in different ways, but it was a big step forward towards the emancipation of a people. Malorie Blackman has drawn together some of the finest of today's writers and poets to contribute to this important anthology.
    [Show full text]