Impact of Religion on the Attitudes toward Abortion and Contraception Use in the Contemporary Taiwan Jiexia Elisa Zhai, University of Texas at Austin,
[email protected] Wei-Hsin Yu, University of Texas at Austin,
[email protected] Studies have shown that religion is strongly associated with opposition of abortion in the U.S. However, little is known about the effects of religion in non-Western societies, where non-Judeo Christian religious traditions have been dominant. Using a nationally representative sample of married women in Taiwan, we investigate how religion affects attitudes toward abortion and contraception use in a Chinese cultural context. Our analysis indicates that conservative religious groups, Taiwan Protestants and the New Religious Movement (Yi-Guan-Dao), are more likely to disapprove of abortion, particularly when household financial constraints or out-of-wedlock pregnancy is the reason, compared to Chinese traditional religionists (i.e. Buddhists and Taoists). However, Chinese traditional religionists tend to disapprove of birth control, except for sterilization after reaching the desired number of children. The nonreligious tend to favor abortion and birth control more under all circumstances. Despite these attitudinal differences, we find no significant effect of religion in predicting the likelihood of having abortion. 1 INTRODUCTION Research has shown that religion is strongly associated with opposition of abortion in the United States. In particular, Catholicism and Conservative Protestantism have influenced practice and attitudes toward abortion, and put contraceptive use under debate. However, scholars know little about how religious beliefs affect abortion attitudes in non-Western societies, particularly where non-Judeo Christian traditions are dominant.