Analysis on the Influential Factors of Japanese Economy
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Development of Japanese Industry and Business
REC6075 Development of Japanese Industry and Business Fall 2014 PROFESSOR: Yoshitaka Okada CLASS ROOM: CLASS HOURS: 6:00 pm – 9:10 pm on Wednesdays OFFICE HOURS: after the class on Wednesdays COURSE DESCRIPTION: How did Japanese business practices and industry develop from the Meiji Restoration (1868) to the present? How did government industrial and technology policies, industrial structures, industrial relations, and production technologies influence the development of industry and business practices? What is happening with these issues presently in Japan? This course tries to answer these questions by tracing historical changes and also studying some cases, including Toyota and the Japanese semiconductor industry. Class lectures will be based on the theoretical framework of institutional economics and economic sociology. COURSE REQUIREMENTS: 1. Reading Assignments: None. Key reference in each section is * marked in this syllabus with PDF files provided in the IUJ computer system. 2. Take-home Mid-term Examination Due: Week 7 Please pick one topic out of (a) Industrial Organization, (b) Government-Business Relations, and (c) Sogo Shosha (General Trading Companies), and answer the following questions, not exceeding 15 pages (double-space). (1) Please trace the historical transformation of your selected topic from the Pre-WWII period to the present. (40 pt.) (To answer this question, you need to take a good note of my lectures.) (2) Identify both persistent and changing characteristics. (20 pt.) (3) How do you explain the persistence and change? (20 pt.) (4) How can the topic you covered be applied to your own country? (20 pt.) 3. Paper: One term paper of 15-20 pages is required. -
Chapter 1. Relationships Between Japanese Economy and Land
Part I Developments in Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Administration that Underpin Japan’s Economic Growth ~ Strategic infrastructure management that brings about productivity revolution ~ Section 1 Japanese Economy and Its Surrounding Conditions I Relationships between Japanese Economy and Land, Chapter 1 Chapter 1 Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Administration Relationships between Japanese Economy and Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Administration and Tourism Transport Relationships between Japanese Economy and Land, Infrastructure, Chapter 1, Relationships between Japanese Economy and Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Administration, on the assumption of discussions described in chapter 2 and following sections, looks at the significance of the effects infrastructure development has on economic growth with awareness of severe circumstances surrounding the Japanese economy from the perspective of history and statistical data. Section 1, Japanese Economy and Its Surrounding Conditions, provides an overview of an increasingly declining population, especially that of a productive-age population, to become a super aging society with an estimated aging rate of close to 40% in 2050, and a severe fiscal position due to rapidly growing, long-term outstanding debts and other circumstances. Section 2, Economic Trends and Infrastructure Development, looks at how infrastructure has supported peoples’ lives and the economy of the time by exploring economic growth and the history of infrastructure development (Edo period and post-war economic growth period). In international comparisons of the level of public investment, we describe the need to consider Japan’s poor land and severe natural environment, provide an overview of the stock effect of the infrastructure, and examine its impact on the infrastructure, productivity, and economic growth. -
Classic Japanese Performance Cars Free
FREE CLASSIC JAPANESE PERFORMANCE CARS PDF Ben Hsu | 144 pages | 15 Oct 2013 | Cartech | 9781934709887 | English | North Branch, United States JDM Sport Classics - Japanese Classics | Classic Japanese Car Importers Not that it ever truly went away. But which one is the greatest? The motorsport-derived all-wheel drive system, dubbed ATTESA Advanced Total Traction Engineering System for All-Terrainuses computers and sensors to work out what the car is doing, and gave the Skyline some particularly special abilities — famously causing some rivalry at the Nurburgring with a few disgruntled Classic Japanese Performance Cars engineers…. The latest R35 GT-R, for the first time a stand-alone model, grew in size, complexity and ultimately speed. A mid-engined sports car from Honda was always going to be special, but the NSX went above and beyond. Honda managed to convince Ayrton Senna, who was at the time driving for McLaren Honda, to assess a late-stage prototype. Honda took what he said onboard, and when the NSX went on sale init was a hugely polished and capable machine. Later cars, especially the uber-desirable Type-R model, were Classic Japanese Performance Cars to perfection. So many Imprezasbut which one to choose? All of the turbocharged Subarusincluding the Legacy and even the bonkers Forrester STi, have got something inherently special to them. Other worthy models include the special edition RB5, as well as the Prodrive fettled P1. All will make you feel like a rally driver…. Mazda took all the best parts of the classic British sports car, and built them into a reliable and equally Classic Japanese Performance Cars package. -
Japan and the Asian Economies: a "Miracle" in Transition
TAKATOSHI ITO InternationalMonetary Fund Japan and the Asian Economies: A "Miracle" in Transition ONE EAST ASIAN country after another has taken off from a stagnant state to achieve an annual economic growth rate of 10 percent or more. The fact that such high economic growth rates are being sustained, along with observation based on growth convergence regressions that prior economic and social conditions do not seem to have warranted such rapid growth, has led many to call the East Asian growth a mira- cle. ' However, this is not the first time that an Asian country has grown miraculously fast. From the mid-1950s until 1973, Japan grew at a rate comparable to that of the East Asian economies today. And just as concerns are voiced today that some East Asian economies are over- heating and their governments face the difficult task of inducing a " soft- landing," a similar concern was heard in Japan three decades ago. Japan's high rate of growth from the mid-1950s through the early 1970s was a topic explored by many studies at the time. Several authors believed that Japan's economic institutions and policies were unique, and that its growth was an exception to the rule. In light of the rapid growth of the other East Asian economies in recent years, this earlier Japanese experience is no longer viewed as exceptional. The success of the East Asian economies offers fresh case studies for development economics and growth theory. The World Bank study The East Asian The views expressed are those of the author and should not be interpreted as repre- sentative of the staff or trustees of the Brookings Institution or the International Monetary Fund. -
Business Model Innovation and Strategy at Mitsui and Co
MITSUI & CO BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION AND STRATEGY AT MITSUI & CO. S/N 88-17-027 Mitsui & Co. – Business Model innovation and Strategy at Mitsui & Co. Introduction After successive years of profit, Mitsui & Co’s results in financial year Mar 2016 plunged to a net loss of about USD 834 million1. Its significance is compounded by the fact that it was the first loss ever recorded in recent decade of Mitsui. Is this a sign of more fluctuations of earnings to come, signaling that the general trading strategy traditionally held by Mitsui for decades is on the wrong footing with reality? “I take [this financial loss] very seriously,” said president and chief executive officer (CEO) Tatsuo Yasunaga in his maiden message in Mitsui’s 2016 annual report (Mitsui & Co, 2016, p. 8). Adding to this earning fluctuation concern, Mitsui’s 10-year share price has been flat. As illustrated in Figure A in Appendix A, including dividends and share splits, an investor putting money into Mitsui in 2007 would get a 10-year return-on-investment (ROI) of 8.6percent by 2017. From Appendix C, it is observed in the profit margin percentage chart that net profit margins throughout the 10-year period were around 3.5 percent to 7 percent, ignoring the loss in 2016. With profit margins at these relatively moderate to low levels, Mitsui’s revenue has to improve in order for the profits generated to be grown meaningfully. However, receipts remained relatively flat, with 2016’s end-of-year revenue being approximately the same as that of 2007 at about USD 48 billion. -
Australia and Japan
DRAFT Australia and Japan A New Economic Partnership in Asia A Report Prepared for Austrade by Peter Drysdale Crawford School of Economics and Government The Australian National University Tel +61 2 61255539 Fax +61 2 61250767 Email: [email protected] This report urges a paradigm shift in thinking about Australia’s economic relationship with Japan. The Japanese market is a market no longer confined to Japan itself. It is a huge international market generated by the activities of Japanese business and investors, especially via production networks in Asia. More than ever, Australian firms need to integrate more closely with these supply chains and networks in Asia. 1 Structure of the Report 1. Summary 3 2. Japan in Asia – Australia’s economic interest 5 3. Assets from the Australia-Japan relationship 9 4. Japan’s footprint in Asia 13 5. Opportunities for key sectors 22 6. Strategies for cooperation 32 Appendices 36 References 42 2 1. Summary Japan is the second largest economy in the world, measured in terms of current dollar purchasing power. It is Australia’s largest export market and, while it is a mature market with a slow rate of growth, the absolute size of the Japanese market is huge. These are common refrains in discussion of the Australia-Japan partnership over the last two decades or so. They make an important point. But they miss the main point about what has happened to Japan’s place in the world and its role in our region and what those changes mean for effective Australian engagement with the Japanese economy. -
A Management Survey of Industry Interaction with Locational Factors
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Japanese Business in Australia: A Management Survey of Industry Interaction with Locational Factors Bayari, Celal Nagoya University Graduate School of International Development 1 January 2004 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/103896/ MPRA Paper No. 103896, posted 02 Nov 2020 16:00 UTC 1 Japanese Business in Australia: A Management Survey of Industry Interaction with Locational Factors Celal Bayari Nagoya University. Graduate School of International Development Citation: Bayari, Celal (2004) ‘Japanese Business in Australia: A Management Survey of Industry Interaction with Locational Factors’. The Otemon Journal of Australian Studies. 30: 119-149. 2004. ISSN 0385-3446. 1 2 JAPANESE BUSINESS IN AUSTRALIA: A MANAGEMENT SURVEY OF INDUSTRY INTERACTION WITH LOCATIONAL FACTORS Celal Bayari Nagoya University. Graduate School of International Development Abstract This is a discussion of research findings on the interaction of the Japanese firms with Australia’s locational factors that affect their investment decisions in Australia. The paper argues that there is a convergence as well as divergence among the sixty-five companies from three industrial sectors on ten different factors affecting satisfaction that is reported by the management and the other variables that characterise the firms.1 Japan-Australia relations: Introduction Japan has always captured the imagination of Australian business leaders and politicians (Stockwin 1972, Meaney 1988) and economic planners (Japan Secretariat 1984) in the post-war era. In the Japanese media the image of Australia is one of a tourist location and raw materials supplier that buys cars and electronics goods from Japan (The Japan Times 2001: 15). Australian exports to Japan add up to 380,000 jobs, AUS $1,300 for every Australian, and 4% of the GDP (Vaile 2001). -
Sanctions in Japan-Russia Economic Relations: Impact and Adaption
Perspective & Analysis Focus Asia June 2019 Sanctions in Japan-Russia Economic Relations: Impact and Adaption In 2016, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe launched an eight-point economic plan to reform Japan’s relations with Russia. Abe’s aim was to foster economic interdependence between the two countries rather than allow a stalemate to continue on the longstanding dispute over the Kuril Islands. Dr. Shagina provides an analysis of the hitherto outcomes of Abe’s economic endeavors. n May 2016, the Shinzo Abe government launched economic relations. It aims to explore factors that an eight-point economic cooperation plan with impede progress on the eight-point economic Russia, which encompassed energy, infrastructure, cooperation plan, and asks to what extent U.S. Iagriculture and other sectors. By fostering strong sanctions constrain the scope of Japan-Russia economic economic ties, Prime Minister Abe hoped to soften deals. In addition, it examines the ways in which Russia’s stance on the disputed Kuril Islands (the Japanese businesses have adapted to the sanctions. Northern Territories in Japanese), a group of islands seized by the Soviet Union in 1945, following Japanese defeat in the Second World War. Since then, Maria Shagina is a JSPS Postdoctoral Research Fellow persistent distrust and tensions have paralyzed bilateral at Ritsumeikan University, Japan. Her main research relations, hindering prospects for a peace treaty. interests are sanctions and energy relations in post-Soviet countries. She was a visiting fellow at the Centre for Moving away from the stagnant territorial talks, Russian, European and Eurasian Studies, University of the proposed eight-point cooperation plan offered Birmingham and is currently affiliated with the Geneva a new approach. -
Download Article (PDF)
Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 128 International Scientific Conference "Far East Con" (ISCFEC 2020) Specific Features of Japanese Economy S N Sokolov1, E A Kuznetsova2, E A Rzhepka3 1Nizhnevartovsk State University, Nizhnevartovsk, Russia 2Nizhnevartovsk State University, Nizhnevartovsk, Russia 3Eastland Group of Companies, Irkutsk, Russia E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. The article covers the specifics of social and economic relations of Japan that is one of the leading world economies. The deficit of material and financial resources made Japan develop competitive export-oriented economy by using its main advantage, namely the highly qualified resources. The article proposes a trend equation that describes the national GDP. The economic development of Japan in the late XXth century demonstrates the success of the anti- crisis measures. Japan has been successful in its fight against deflation, but the demographic decrease interferes, which is a serious long-term problem for the economy. Asian countries and the USA are Japan's main trade partners. The article covers the fluctuations of geographic export and import zones in Japan in 2007-2017. Overcoming the economic crisis is relevant in terms of the study of anti-crisis strategy in Russia. 1. Introduction Global changes in the world resulting from political and economic reasons and fast scientific and technical progress require new approaches to the assessment of social and economic development of nations. It is well-known that Japan is one of the leading global powers and one of the largest economies in the world. The Japanese GDP based on purchasing power parity in 2018 was the fourth biggest in the world, with China coming the first after getting ahead of Japan since 2001, and India coming the third after leaving Japan behind in 2012. -
Post-War Development of the Japanese Economy
PostPost--warwar DevelopmentDevelopment ofof thethe JapaneseJapanese EconomyEconomy ― Development, Japanese/Asian Style ― For Students in the EDP&M Program April 2007 Shigeru T. Otsubo* GSID, Nagoya University (w/ inputs from Prof. A.Furukawa, Ritsumeikan Univ.) For Students in the Economic Development Policy and Management Program Prof. Shigeru T. OTSUBO The purpose of this presentation is four-fold: 1) to introduce the macroeconomic development process of the postwar Japanese economy (the so-called “Miracle Recovery”); 2) to explore the Japan-specific (mostly microeconomic) elements of a market system that supported her rapid development; 3) to show the need for adjustments in the ‘Japanese-style market system’ in the post-catch-up era; and 4) to demonstrate the evolution and revolutions in economic systems underlying a development process. ____________________________________ * The presenter wishes to acknowledge: i) material inputs provided by Prof. Akira Furukawa, Ritsumeikan University, and ii) valuable comments provided by Ms. Debra J. Saito, Economist, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. 1 Objectives of This Presentation The purpose of this presentation is four-fold: 1) to introduce the macroeconomic development process of the postwar Japanese economy (the so-called “Miracle Recovery”); 2) to explore the Japan-specific (mostly microeconomic) elements of a market system that supported her rapid development; 3) to show the need for adjustments in the ‘Japanese-style market system’ of the post-catch-up era; and 4) to demonstrate the evolution and revolutions in economic systems underlying a development process. To start with, macroeconomic factors that supported Japan’s strong post-war economic recovery such as high investment ratios backed by savings mobilization, technology progress, flexible labor supply, and favorable external conditions will be reviewed. -
Changing Commercial Policy in Japan During 1985–2010
ADBI Working Paper Series Changing Commercial Policy in Japan During 1985–2010 Masahiro Kawai and Shujiro Urata No. 253 November 2010 Asian Development Bank Institute Masahiro Kawai is the Dean of ADBI. Shujiro Urata is Professor of Economics, Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies, Waseda University. This paper is prepared for the Oxford Handbook on International Commercial Policy. The authors are grateful to Mordechai Kreinin and Michael Plummer for their comments on an earlier version of the paper and to Barnard Helman for his competent editorial assistance. The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of ADBI, the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms. The Working Paper series is a continuation of the formerly named Discussion Paper series; the numbering of the papers continued without interruption or change. ADBI’s working papers reflect initial ideas on a topic and are posted online for discussion. ADBI encourages readers to post their comments on the main page for each working paper (given in the citation below). Some working papers may develop into other forms of publication. Suggested citation: Kawai. M., and S. Urata. 2010. Changing Commercial Policy in Japan During 1985–2010. ADBI Working Paper 253. Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute. Available: http://www.adbi.org/working-paper/2010/11/19/4220.changing.commercial.policy.japan/ Please contact the author(s) for information about this paper. -
Establishing American Trading Companies Franklin A
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business Volume 2 Issue 2 Fall Fall 1980 Establishing American Trading Companies Franklin A. Cole Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njilb Part of the International Trade Commons Recommended Citation Franklin A. Cole, Establishing American Trading Companies, 2 Nw. J. Int'l L. & Bus. 277 (1980) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business by an authorized administrator of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Northwestern Journal Autumn 1980 of International Number 2 Law & Business Establishing American Trading Companies Franklin A. Cole* On September 3, 1980, the United States Senate, by unanimous vote, passed landmark legislation designed to increase American ex- ports of products and services by encouraging formation of U.S. export trading companies.' The Export Trading Company Act of 1980,2 rein- troduced and at this writing awaiting approval by a new Congress, 3 is a significant first step in offering American companies, particularly those of small and medium size, the opportunity to enter markets on a par * Chairman of the Board, Walter E. Heller International Corporation; B.S., University of Illinois, 1947; J.D., Northwestern University, 1950. The author acknowledges with gratitude the help over many years of Harvey S. Lederman, Vice President, Marketing and Public Relations of Walter E. Heller & Company; Charles A. Brizzolara, Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel of Walter E. Heller International Corporation; and Burton R. Abrahams, President of Walter E.