992221 MARYLAND MANUAL 1955-56 Compiled by MORRIS L

992221

MARYLAND

MANUAL

1955-56

Compiled By MORRIS L. RADOFF Archivist and Records Administrator Hall of Records Annapolis, Maryland

Issued By BLANCHARD RANDALL Secretary of State State House Annapolis, Maryland The Maurice Leeser Co. PRATT AND GREENE STREETS BALTIMORE, MARYLAND

The purpose of the MARYLAND MANUAL is to present in concise form to the citizens of Maryland a description and accounting of their government. Since it is a publication of the State, the emphasis is on the agencies of the State Government; that part having to do with local governments is not intended to be more than a directory. Sketches of individual governmental agencies contain, at the very least, evidence of the legal status of the agency, its functions, the name of the administrator and the members of any governing body or commission, the number of persons employed, appropriations for fiscal years 1955 and 1956. A list of current publications of all agencies is given in a separate section. The cooperation of many State agencies is gratefully acknowledged. Special mention is due the following: James P. Brock and Mary L. Wilson of the Secretary of State’s Office; Carl N. Everstine, Director of the De- partment of Legislative Reference, who cared for changes in the Constitu- tion; Janet L. Hoffman of the Fiscal Research Bureau, who prepared the governmental chart; William H. Bayliff, who brought up to date “Maryland at a Glance.” In one way or another most of the staff members of the Hall of Records have a hand in preparing or publishing the MANUAL. Ultimately, all of it goes through the hands of John P. Hively whose special assignment it is. The greater part of the typing was done by Rose Mary DiStefano. The Index was prepared by Edna E. Jensen. The pictures of the Governor, the members of the General Assembly and the Court of Appeals are by Marion E. Warren; all the others were furnished by State agencies which built or have in charge the structures shown.

Morris L. Radoff, Archivist and Records Administrator. THEODOR> R. McKJ • OfN Gorcr • Marylc uf

Theodore Roosevelt McKeid • ■ born N< ember 20. 19th,. more City, one of the eleven eh:-: r- r, ■: the lati ./ante! A -jid Dora . McKeHin. He is married to . r Hone ::u Manner - ' ha\ son and a daughter, Theodor* : . and Clt •

Governor McKeldin was e.'-; -j in the ] irdic schools of li t, o. and after completing his i;-o. . ,> oducatii i, he took his high srtaxti courses at nigh; tn the Bairtr- ..tty C l!ej ■ while working dv-vi-.;, : days. He also took his la -. o ;■ in night lasses at the University of Maryland where he received ... 8, degr s nt 1925. He took pos! graduate work in economv . Johns H<; kins University. While practicing law in K i<; since 16i , the Govern or also was on. the faculty of the Unive’s ■. - Baltimore .aw School, -he K imore College of Commerce, th; i' - ti hoo!, the i nore Institute and the Forest Park Evening High He is ' Tonally knot*as a public speaker. The Governor has honorary deg;-.. a- f ••ows: It..!er f tllege, Trenton, N. J. (LL.I>. : Woshir,-.If, ,, (LL.i.t M -gas Stat< College (LL.D.); and ilia t.'uversif/ oi .v:ai i'-od d-dl, i-Htaver College, Jenkintown. Pa. :i T' an;' Hai r ‘. . ■Hey Hiiaove* Ind., (LI.'J) 1952, WaHmia a- i d:,’, , dti.. r,,-.e ; dry, Ural (Lin D. Indiana Central College, IndianapolL-:, ;.n et.D.'), t. ", ltd,uea C liege, Ithaca, N. Y. (LL.D.;; Anderson Co ,;(■ •■•:«rson, , sd. (LL.D..; and Loyola College, Baltimore, Md. !. ; fdeed < ollege of iech- nology, Johnson City, Tenn. (Dr. i d : i ncoln ' 'oilere, Chicago, 111. (LL.D.;; 1955, Mt. St. Mar> s Colit, • ’ i ■ dsburg. Md. (I ...D . and Western Maryland College. (LI V> . Long interested in civic a; w ; as ; Htit Governor Mclveldiri was one of the organizers and .ht. seconl .• •>.; ; i n Junior Association of Commerce of Baltimore. He is a me b i a wd of Directors of the Council of Social Agencies nnd . >.< • Tn - ■ of he South Baltimore General Hospital. Si>. is . :■ Boaro o? 1.1„-Baltimore Civic Opera Company. In 1948 and ,:;a'T t:man of Brotherhood Week for She National Conference M Ci-. •; . >n-.; :■ .v- Ht n president of the America-Israei Societ;.. anii an hor: , dr r- ,'f Christ Church, Philadelphia. He is the recipient of the 1952 Fr-.xU ■ « .undation Award, the Sydney Hollander Foundation Award for tlv pro; . i n of better interracial relations, International Youth’s Distinguui.ed r::r ice Citation of the Interna- tiona! Society of Christian Endeat ,»• >•. ieth Annual Citation of the Brotherhood of Temple Ohabei Sha',: von, Mass., for furthering the cause of human brotherhood r t)a- ; rot award for outstanding aid and service to the State oi r , u-i

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He was the 1953 "Man of the Year,” selected and cited by the advertising Club of Baltimore, and was awarded that year’s citation of the National Conference of Christians and Jews for his accomplishments in the interests of Brotherhood and “an enduring democracy.” He also is the recipient of the 1954 Annual Award of the National Federation of Jewish Men’s Clubs, the citation of the Massachusetts Committee of Catholics, Protestants and Jews; the Houston (Texas) Jewish Community Council Plaque, and the DeMolay Legion of Honor Medal. At the Republican National Convention of 1952 in Chicago, he delivered the address that placed the name of General Dwight D. Eisenhower in nomination for President of the United States. He has been named Chairman of the Rules Committee for the 1956 Republican National Convention in San Francisco. He was Mayor of Baltimore from 1943 to 1947, and was elected Governor of Maryland in 1950 by the largest majority ever given any candidate for that office. He was reelected in 1954—the first member of his party ever to win a second gubernatorial term. A lifelong Republican, his first public position was that of Secretary to Mayor William F. Broening of Baltimore. As Mayor of Baltimore, he was responsible for many governmental reforms and improvements, including the revision and modernization of the then antiquated City Charter. Important projects of the improvement of the city’s physical plant also were launched during his administration, including the great Friendship International Airport, the big Patapsco River addition to the water supply system, the new tuberculosis wing at the City Hospitals, the Civic Center in the City Hall area which includes the new People’s Court, widespread health center and school construction. He also inaugurated the Baltimore Plan of slum clearance which has at- tracted considerable attention throughout the world. His first term in the Governorship was highlighted by inauguration of a long-range program for complete modernization and extension of the Maryland highway system; the authorization and planning of new State Office Buildings for Baltimore and Annapolis; replacement of the antiquated State budget methods with the modern program system of appropriations; reforms in purchasing, accounting and control; comprehensive and systema- tic salary increases for public school teachers; expansion of the State system of hospitals; inauguration of advanced methods of treatment for mental illnesses, tuberculosis, and chronic ailments; beginning of a group of clinics for alcoholism; adoption of Home Rule for municipalities; planning and financing for the Baltimore Harbor Tunnel, now under construction as the greatest project of engineering ever undertaken by the State. The Governor is an Episcopalian and a Lay Reader of the Episcopal Church. He has taught a Methodist Bible Class and has been superintendent of an Episcopal Sunday School. He has preached lay sermons in churches of many denominations from New England to Texas. Governor McKeldin’s present address is Government House, Annapolis, Maryland.

TABLE OF CONTENTS o Page FOREWORD 3 BIOGRAPHY OF GOVERNOR THEODORE ROOSEVELT McKELDIN 4 MARYLAND AT A GLANCE 13 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF MARYLAND 15 STATE AGENCIES Executive The Governor 27 Governor’s Advisory Council 28 Governor’s Military Staff 28 Secretary of State 28 Fiscal Agencies Board of Public Works 29 Comptroller of the Treasury 30 State Appeal Board 31 Board of Revenue Estimates 32 Bureau of Revenue Estimates 32 Central Payroll Bureau 33 State Treasurer 33 State Auditor 33 State Tax Commission 34 Department of Budget and Procurement 35 Law and Legislation Department of Law 36 Department of Legislative Reference 37 Fiscal Research Bureau 38 Commissioners for the Promotion of Uniformity of Legislation in the United States 38 Supervision of Business Bank Commissioner 38 Banking Board 40 State Insurance Department 40 Administrator of Loan Laws 41 Public Service Commission 42 State Athletic Commission 43 State Aviation Commission of Maryland 43 Board of Boiler Rules 43 Maryland State Board of Motion Picture Censors 44 Maryland Racing Commission 44 Real Estate Commission 45 Labor and Industrial Relations Department of Labor and Industry 45 State Industrial Accident Commission 46 Medical Board for Occupational Diseases 46 State Accident Fund 47 Department of Employment Security 48 Governor’s Committee to Promote Employment of the Physically Handicapped 49 7 Table of Contents—(ComiiwMed) Page Supervision of State Employment State Commissioner of Personnel 50 State Employees Standard Salary Board 51 Employees’ Retirement System 51 Teachers’^ Retirement System 52 State Police Retirement System 53 Education State Board of Education 53 State Teachers Colleges 55 Maryland State School for the Deaf 57 Maryland Workshop for the Blind 58 University of Maryland 58 Maryland State College 60 Morgan State College 63 State Scholarships for Negroes 64 St. Mary’s Seminary Junior College 65 Anatomy Board of Maryland 65 Health, Welfare and Mental Hygiene State Department of Health 66 Tuberculosis Hospitals Victor P. Cullen State Hospital 67 Henryton State Hospital 67 Mount Wilson State Hospital 68 Pine Bluff State Hospital 68 Deer’s Head State Hospital 68 Montebello State Hospital 68 Advisory Boards Council on Medical Care 69 Advisory Board on Hospital Licensing 69 Advisory Council on Hospital Construction 70 Miners Hospital 70 State Department of Public Welfare 71 Training Schools Boys’ Village of Maryland 73 Maryland Training School for Boys 73 Barrett School for Girls 73 Montrose Schools for Girls 74 Commission on Interracial Problems and Relations 74 Department of Mental Hygiene 75 Mental Hygiene Advisory Board 76 Mental Hygiene Board of Review 76 Mental Hospitals Crownsville State Hospital 77 Eastern Shore State Hospital 77 Rosewood State Training School 77 Springfield State Hospital 77 Spring Grove State Hospital 78 Conservation of Natural Resources Board of Natural Resources 78 Department of Tidewater Fisheries 79 Department of Game and Inland Fish 80 Department of Forests and Parks 82 Patapsco Land Advisory Committee 85 Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources 85 Bureau of Mines 86 Department of Research and Education 87 8 Table of Contents—(Continued) Page Water Pollution Control Commission 88 State Soil Conservation Committee 89 Promotion of Agriculture Maryland State Fair Board 89 Inspector of Tobacco 90 Maryland State Apple Commission 90 Maryland Tobacco Authority 91 Correctional Agencies Department of Correction 91 Penal Institutions Maryland Penitentiary 92 Maryland House of Correction 93 Maryland State Reformatory for Males 93 Maryland State Reformatory for Women 94 Patuxent Institution 94 Department of Parole and Probation 95 Protection of Persons and Property Military Department 96 Maryland Civil Defense Agency 98 Department of Maryland State Police 99 Department of Post-Mortem Examiners 100 State Roads and Motor Vehicles State Roads Commission 101 Advisory Council on Highway Construction 102 Toll Facilities Department 104 Bureau of Control Surveys and Maps 106 Department of Motor Vehicles ' ''' 106 Maryland Traffic Safety Commission 107 Public Buildings and Improvements Maryland State Planning Commission 108 Department of Public Improvements 109 Board of Architectural Review 110 Superintendent of Public Buildings and Grounds ' 110 Library, Archives and Information Maryland State Library 110 Commissioner of the Land Office Ill Hall of Records Commission 112 Department of Information 113 War Records Division 114 Veterans’ Affairs Maryland Veterans Commission 114 War Memorial Commission 115 Examining and Licensing Boards Central Licensing Office 115 State Board of Dental Examiners 115 Commissioners of Practical Plumbing ”lie Boards of Medical Examiners 116 State Board of Examining Engineers 117 State Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners 118 State Board of Law Examiners 118 Board of Examiners of Public Accountants . ^ 119 State Board of Funeral Directors and Embalmers 119 9 Table of Contents—(Continued) Page Maryland Board of Pharmacy 120 Board of Barber Examiners 120 State Board of Examiners of Nurses 121 Board of Electrical Examiners and Supervisors 121 Board of Examiners in Optometry 122 Board of Osteopathic Examiners 122 Board of Chiropody Examiners 123 Board of Examining Moving Picture Machine Operators 123 State Board of Hairdressers and Beauty Culturists 124 State Board of Chiropractic Examiners 124 Board of Examiners and Registration of Architects 125 Board of Registration for Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors 125 State Board of Physical Therapy Examiners 126 Bi-County Agencies Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission . . 126 Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission 128 Upper Potomac River Commission 129 Interstate Cooperation Maryland Cooperation Commission 130 Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission 131 Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin 132 Southern Regional Education Board 132 MISCELLANEOUS COMMISSIONS 133 PUBLICATIONS OF STATE AGENCIES 135 LEGISLATURE General Assembly 153 Legislative Council 154 Roster of Members 157 Biographical Sketches of Members 162 JUDICIARY OF MARYLAND Court of Appeals 187 Administrative Office of the Courts 187 Circuit Courts 188 Supreme Bench of Baltimore City 189 People’s Court of Baltimore City 189 People’s Court of Baltimore County 189 People’s Court of Montgomery County 189 FISCAL INFORMATION Receipts—Fiscal year 1954 192 Cash Disbursements—Fiscal Year 1954 200 Appropriations—State Agencies 206 Appropriations—State-Aided Institutions 219 Bonded Indebtedness 221 Combined Balance Sheet 225 Investments 227 Property 230 Taxable Basis 232 State Tax Rates 233 OFFICERS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT Counties 237 Baltimore City 268 10 Table of Contents—{Continued) Page ELECTION RETURNS General Election—November 2, 1954 275 Primary Election—June 28, 1954 289 General Election—November 4, 1952 297 Primary Election—May 5, 1952 302 STATE CENTRAL COMMITTEES OF MARYLAND Democratic 313 Republican 317 CHARTER OF MARYLAND 323 CONSTITUTION OF MARYLAND 335 INDEX TO CONSTITUTION OF MARYLAND 427 PRINCIPAL OFFICERS OF MARYLAND- HISTORICAL LIST 445 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION Legal Holidays 483 Names and Origins of Counties 484 Court Terms 486 Incorporated Towns 488 Area 492 Population—Census of 1950 493 Standard Maryland Colleges 505 Newspapers of General Circulation 506 Radio and Television Stations 509 INDEXES 513

11 CHARTS, MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS Portrait of Governor Theodore R. McKeldin facing 5 Organization Charts of Maryland State Government before 7 Map of Baltimore City Legislative Districts 156 Members of the Senate and House of Delegates before 177 Map showing Judicial Circuits 185 Map showing Appellate Judicial Circuits 186 Judges of the Court of Appeals before 187 Photographs before 257 Rocky Gorge Dam Byrd Stadium, University of Maryland Activities Building, University of Maryland Ritchie Highway Interchange Calloway Science Hall, Morgan State College Peninsula General Hospital Patuxent Institution Ames Hall, The Johns Hopkins University Map showing Congressional Districts 468 Map showing Baltimore City Congressional Districts 469 Folder showing State Flag, Seal, Song, Flower, Bird and Tree .... folder back cover State Road Map folder back cover

12 MARYLAND AT A GLANCE Population—2,343,001; 24th state in rank (1950 U. S. Census). Area—10,577 square miles (9,881 and, 696 inland water); 41st State in size (U. S. Census). Geophysics Maryland is divided into three chief regions: Appalachian area, Piedmont Plateau, and Coastal Plain. First is mountainous, Great Backbone Mountain, Garrett County, highest peak 3,360 feet. Piedmont Plateau is rich agricultural hilly land. Coastal Plain includes south and east of “Fall Line,” so-called for frequency of waterfalls. Land drops to near sea level in Coastal Plain. Chesapeake Bay—State’s chief body of water, 180 miles long, 3 to 30 miles wide, greater producer of sea food than any comparable area. Chief Rivers—Potomac, Susquehanna, Choptank, Nanticoke, Elk, Patapsco, Sassafras, Magothy, Severn, Gunpowder, Bush, Miles, and Chester. Water Frontage Baltimore harbor, about 40 miles; Chesapeake Bay and estuaries, 3,600 miles. Chesapeake and Delaware Canal furnishes an inland route to the sea capable of handling most merchant ships. Forest Area 2,685,000 acres, about 42 percent of the State’s land surface. Estimated value (1941) $66,000,000. State Forests—Swallow Falls, 7,458 acres, Savage River 52,757, Potomac 12,057, Mt. Nebo 1,791, Green Ridge 25,631, Cedarville 3,609, Doncaster 1,464, Pocomoke 12,251, Seth Demonstration 125, Elk Neck 2,752, State Forest Nursery 100. Total— 119,795 acres. State Parks Washington Monument 104 acres, Fort Tonolway (undeveloped) 26, Fort Frederick 279, Gambrill 1,138, Gathland 101, Patapsco 3,150, Wye Oak 1.5, Elk Neck 672, Sandy Point 762, Dan’s Mountain 108, The Rocks (undeveloped) 118, Seneca Creek 255, Cunningham Falls 4,447. Total—11,181.5 acres. Industries—Total value added by Manufacturers $1,854,682,000 (1953). Total manufacturing employees 261,948; salaries and wages $1,014,618 (1953). Most^ important, transportation equipment, primary metal industries, chemical and allied products, fabricated metal products, apparel and related products, printing and publishing machinery, stone clay and glass products, and food and kindred products. Agriculture Product value $177,223,000 (1952). Important products— chickens, dairy products, corn, tobacco, vegetables and wheat. Mary- land leads all States in tomato canning. Seafood Prodttdiow—Oysters—2,642,147 bushels, value $7,926,441 (1952-53 season). Crabs 27,571,466 pounds, value $1,776,700 (1953). Fin-fish— total commercial catch, 15,224,555 pounds, value $1,393,205 (1953). Minerals—Sand and gravel 6,956,640 short tons, value $8,136,697 (1952). Stones (except limestone) 3,391,679 short tons, value $6,330,443 (1952). Coal 587,903 short tons, value $2,694,842 (1952). Clay 709,248 short tons, value $1,360,882 (1952). Baltimore’s Port—Ranks second in total foreign trade tonnage. The port handled 7,037,232 tons of export goods and 12,882,677 tons of import goods in 1951. In 1953 the sixty-three ports of the State handled a total of 51,847,751 tons of traffic. Cities—(over 10,000 population) Baltimore 949,708; Cumberland 37,679; Hagerstown 36,260; Frederick 18,142; Salisbury 15,141; Takoma Park 13,341; Hyattsville 12,308; College Park 11,170; Mt. Rainier 10,989; Cambridge 10,351; Annapolis 25,000.1 1 Annapolis population estimated 1953. 13

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF MARYLAND Exploration John Cabot, a man of Italian birth employed by the Eng- lish, was, in all probability, the first white man to see Maryland as he sailed along the eastern shore of Worcester County in 1498. Twenty-six years later Giovanni da Ver- razano, who was another Italian working for French interests, passed the mouth of Chesapeake Bay. Half a century later the Bay was explored by Pedro Menendez Marques, the governor of Spanish Florida. In 1603 Captain Bartholomew Gilbert made a more careful exploration. The intrepid Captain John Smith, who saw many other parts of North America, began in 1608 to carry out the instructions of the London Virginia Company to “find some spring which runs the contrary way toward the East India sea.” With fourteen companions in “an open barge of two tunnes burden,” Smith started up the Chesapeake. Every inlet and bay “fit for harbours and habitations” was entered, and all the islands were inspected. The results were incorporated in what Smith called “A Map of Virginia,” published in England in 1612. Reprinted many times shortly thereafter, the map shows that Smith’s voyagers paid close attention to the Eastern Shore, examined the Potomac carefully, but had a hazy idea of the western head of the Bay and only a generalized notion of the lower West- ern Shore. In 1670, Lord Baltimore authorized Augustine Herman, a cartographer living in the New Netherlands Colony, to prepare a more detailed map of Maryland.

Aborigines To John Smith, also, we owe our first knowledge of the pre-European settlers on the land of what was later Maryland. Smith’s account is bewildering with Indian names; one soon recognizes the adaptations of these same queer-sounding names in present-day Maryland. The Vir- ginia explorer speaks of Yingoteagues, Assateagues, Ma- rumscos, Annamesses, Wiccocomicos, Nanticokes, Conoys, Trasquakins, Choptanks, Monoponsons, Matapeakes, Ozin- ies, Tockwoghes, Nattwas, Susquehannocks, Conestogas, Piscattoways, Chopticos, Mattawomans, Patuxents, Aqua- socks, Secowocomocos, and others. Despite this multiplicity of names, all these Indians were of Algonquin stock, save for the Susquehannocks at the headwaters of the Bay and the Anacostans on territory around present-day Washing- ton. Invading tribes, who made forays from' the North and at times lived on Maryland territory, were of the Five 15 16 MARYLAND MANUAL

Nations—Senecas and Iroquois. Later history records raids by other tribes of Indians, accompanied by violence and massacres, generally in western Maryland.

The “Ark” and the “Dove” The Maryland colony was planned by the first Lord Baltimore—George Calvert, a Yorkshireman whose devo- tion to James I had first made him Secretary of State, later Baron of Baltimore (1624), and finally given him a grant of land for a colony in Newfoundland. This cold territory Calvert called “Avalon” or “Ferryland”; but intense cold and invading French made the territory untenable. In 1627 Lord Baltimore attempted to live in Avalon with his family; then he left for the warmer climate of Virginia. His intention was “to plant himself to the southward,” but on his return to England, Lord Baltimore persuaded Charles I, James’ successor, to give him a charter of his own composi- tion. On presentation to the King, blanks were left for the name of the colony and the date. It is said that Charles filled in the name Terra Mariae to honor his queen, Hen- rietta Maria. Before June 20, 1632, when the charter was dated, George, the first Lord Baltimore, died and was succeeded by his son, Cecil. The second Lord Baltimore organized the expedition to Maryland in two vessels, the Ark of 360 tons, and the Dove of 60 tons. Assisting him was the Jesuit priest, Father Andrew White, for Cecil, as his father had been since 1624, was a Roman Catholic. Father White, with two members of the Calvert family (not including the Proprietor), sailed from Cowes on the Isle of Wight on November 22, 1633. How many took passage and how many were Catholics we do not know. We do know that one hundred and twenty-eight took the oath of supremacy which Catholics normally refused to accept. However, the Ark alone was twice the size of the Mayflower, which had carried over one hundred passengers. January 1634 saw the two vessels at the Barbados where they delayed for twenty days. On February 24th Leonard Calvert, as lieutenant-general, put in at Point Comfort, Virginia. The first stop within the limits placed by the charter—“from Watkin’s Point unto that part . . . which lieth under the fortieth degree of north latitude”—was at St. Clement’s Island. The celebration of Mass here on An- nunciation Day has fixed for tradition March 25th as the date of arrival of Maryland’s first settlers, as well as the name, St. Mary’s City. Some time after that the Yoaco- MARYLAND MANUAL 17 maco Indians, holding the coveted territory, sold their pos- sessions to the newcomers, and the first site, called then “Augusta Carolina,” was available. A palisade was erected immediately.

Government from St. Mary’s City For upwards of sixty years, the Province centered around St. Mary’s City. The Assembly, set up very soon after a food supply had been assured and protection against enemies provided, was made up of the freemen, i.e., plant- ers and settlers. The combined efforts of all the settlers were needed, moreover, to cope with the almost immediate difficulty that arose with white settlers from Virginia who had begun trading with the Indians before the Calvert party arrived. The foremost among these men was Cap- tain William Claiborne, a trader with headquarters on Kent Island. The dispute is sometimes known as the Cal- vert-Claiborne controversy. After a naval skirmish and slight loss of life, Claiborne was declared an outlaw March 24, 1637. “Ingle’s War” was another vexation in the peaceful order- ing of the new colony. Richard Ingle was a vigorous parti- san of Parliament in its victorious struggle with the King that was to produce the Commonwealth. Coming first to Maryland in 1642, he finally exceeded any legal powers he might have had and took possession of St. Mary’s City, making prisoner members of the Assembly. The affair ended inconclusively in 1646, but Ingle, meanwhile, arrested Father White and Father Copley and took them in chains to England.

Act of Toleration The bigotry implicit in Ingle’s special irritation at Cath- olic priests and Royalists makes especially pointed the solici- tude Lord Baltimore showed at this period for freedom of conscience. As early as 1643, the Puritan Governor of Massachusetts, John Winthrop, had spoken approvingly of Governor Calvert as “for free liberty of religion.” The Governor had taken a more liberal attitude on the question of Puritan settlers, surely, than had the administrators of Virginia. The “Act concerning Religion” which the Mary- land Assembly passed in 1649 gives Maryland rightful claim to being the first civil regime to recognize freedom of conscience. The fact that within sixty years after the passage of this law Catholics were repressed under an “Act to prevent the growth of popery” does not detract from the bold- 18 MARYLAND MANUAL

ness of Lord Baltimore’s action in the mid-seventeenth century. The downfall of Charles I and the rise of the Common- wealth were more serious events for the Maryland residents than for other colonists in America. But Oliver Cromwell left Lord Baltimore in undisturbed charge of the Province until 1652. Emboldened by this, Governor William Stone attempted to reduce the Puritan settlements on the Severn but came close to losing his life by execution after a decisive victory for the settlers in Providence (near present-day Annapolis).

Growth and Expansion The newcomers to other parts of the geographical charter limits of the Province, Proprietary, or Palatinate (as it was sometimes called) were not so bellicose as those in Providence. Settlement soon went far afield from the old Yoacomaco village. By the end of the seventeenth century eleven counties had established themselves, each with its court and complement of officials. The towns were few; great estates abounded, whose river fronts were centers of trade and traffic. The chief commerce was in tobacco, which even substituted for currency during much of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Until customhouse centers were set up (1683), there was nothing to challenge the power of the landed gentry. Gradually what Indian troubles had existed were smoothed out by treaties, such as the one of 1652 when the _ Susquehannocks submitted under the “Liberty Tree” (said to be the tulip poplar still to be seen on the St. John’s College campus in Annapolis). The Proprietors were always a line of Calverts with the title “Lord Baltimore” until the death of the sixth and last baron in 1771 when Henry Harford, the natural son of Frederick Calvert, became the seventh Proprietor. In the time of James II, who desired to have all lands under the Crown, and again in the “Revolution” (before William and Mary held the throne securely), the Calverts had difficulties, but these were not reflected in any disadvantage to the Province. Neither the virtual outlawry of the Proprietors, 1691 to 1715, nor the establishment of the Church of England as the “official” religion proved too disturbing. If Puritanism waned, there was certainly room made for the settlement of other dissent- ers, notably Quakers. The three most significant changes in the seventeenth century were the establishment of a printing press—William Nuthead’s-—the departure of the MARYLAND MANUAL 19

Governor and Assembly from St. Mary’s to Annapolis, and the passage of the “Act for the encouragement of Learning” (October 18, 1694). This last was the prelude to the opening of King William’s School, the third institution of its sort in the colonies. As the new century appeared, about 35,000 people made up the population of Maryland. Nearly twenty per cent of these were Negro slaves—slavery having been established within five years after settlement. Another large group were “bound men,” or indentured servants. Many of the latter soon became “redemptioners” and often, in time, the owners of extensive property.

After the “Restoration” With the restoration of proprietary rights, April 15, 1715, Charles Calvert, Fifth Lord Baltimore, resumed control of the colony. Since he was a minor at that time, and in later life primarily interested in English politics, development in Maryland lacked rigorous control from without. Furthermore, a strong “County,” as separate from a Pro- prietary, party manifested itself in the General Assembly. Significant among the expansionist movements in Charles Calvert’s time were the founding of a settlement at Balti- more Town (July 30, 1729) and the beginnings of Western Maryland (1735). Swedes and Dutch on the Delaware River, having found the Maryland charter’s geographical limits vague, pressed for a boundary line. In 1732 this was established for Delaware, but at the other limitations final boundary judgments had to wait till the early twentieth century. One of the consequences of dispute with Pennsyl- vania was a survey in 1763 by two Englishmen, Jeremiah Dixon and Charles Mason, for whom the line marking the northern boundary of Maryland was named.

Frontier Development and Warfare In Western Maryland, boundary disputes made for violence; therefore, Thomas Cresap, Maryland’s heroic fron- tiersman, figures as an outlaw in Pennsylvania’s history. In this same quarter warfare flared, not only sporadically with Indians, but also systematically when the French, making claim to Western Empire, began to drive out the traders of the Ohio Company. As this trading venture was largely Virginian in character, the Maryland Assembly was stern against Governor Horatio Sharpe and refused to vote funds or raise troops. Edward Braddock, the British general deputed to drive back the French, operated within 20 MARYLAND MANUAL

Western Maryland, but even his rout and death in 1755 failed to spur Maryland during the final five years of the war.

Prelude to Revolution The accession in 1751 of Frederick Calvert, a “gay young blade,” to the title of Lord Baltimore meant less interference from the Proprietor; therefore Marylanders transferred their complaints against the Proprietary to the Brit- ish Government. Conflict between French and English only sharpened the point. Debts to English merchants, lack of a proper colonial currency, and taxes on imports led Mary- land, _ this time in common with other colonies, to take drastic action. Maryland takes credit for first refusing to pay taxes under the Stamp Act; actual repudiation took place in Frederick County on November 23, 1765. The Townshend Acts were repealed in 1770 but a strong feeling of rebellion remained. Support of Boston was vigorous after that port was closed; and the Boston Tea Party of December 16, 1773, had its Maryland counterpart when a tea ship, the Peggy Stewart, was burned in Annapolis harbor on October 19, 1774. Maryland played leading roles in both the First and Second Continental Congresses and in the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Revolutionary action on a national scale had been foreshadowed by the Maryland “Association of Freemen.”

The Revolutionary War From the first skirmish in Boston to the surrender at Yorktown, Maryland soldiers saw service. Despite alarms, only once did the British—by water at Vienna—invade Maryland soil. Pulaski’s Legion was organized in Baltimore, Baron de Kalb and Lafayette spent some time in Maryland, and here it was that in 1783 the Continental Congress met. George Washington passed into civilian life in the Senate Chamber of the State House at Annapolis on December 23, 1783. The Treaty of Paris ending the war was ratified in Annapolis three weeks later on January 14, 1784. The Maryland capital again played a part in the national scene by entertaining delegates from New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania and Virginia who met in Annapolis September 11-14, 1786; though Maryland did not participate, delegates from the five other states expressed concern about certain phases of the federal constitution then in the process of formulation. On April 28, 1788, Maryland rati- MARYLAND MANUAL 21 fled the constitution, the seventh state to endorse a docu- ment which, through her leadership in the revision of the Articles of Confederation, she had done much to formulate. Because of the exhaustion of the tobacco lands, serious agricultural problems remained. Slavery was becoming a burden, and currency problems vexed Maryland’s economic life. In the formation of a new nation, Maryland did its part by sacrificing its territory and advancing money for public buildings to form the District of Columbia (1791). To offset some of the difficulties, Baltimore had grown until it was five times as great as Annapolis, the flourishing port of the “Golden Age.” Early in the new century ex- ports from Maryland ports reached the $14,000,000 mark. The Second British Conflict This shipping was, however, seriously hampered by Brit- ish policy. Finally British interference with our vessels and crews brought on the War of 1812. Fighting began in Canada but was soon carried south by the British. From 1813 Maryland bore the brunt of the war. British troops routed our forces at Bladensburg and then proceeded to Washington where they burned the public buildings. But their defeats at North Point and Fort McHenry prevented them from capturing Baltimore. During the bombardment of Fort McHenry, a Marylander, Francis Scott Key, was inspired to write the “Star Spangled Banner.”

The War Between The States After 1815 the State went on more vigorous than ever. A national “pike” was completed to Ohio, two canals and a railroad were put in operation, and Baltimore increased enormously in population. By sharing the industrial and commercial interests of the North and West, Marylanders were put in a peculiar position when the secessionist move- ment began. On July 18, 1859, State troops helped in the suppression of the rebellion at Harper’s Ferry (“John Brown’s raid”) but two years later some Baltimoreans at- tacked the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment on its way through the city to relieve Washington. Enraged poetical comment on this event by a Marylander, James Ryder Ran- dall, produced the State song, “Maryland, My Maryland.” Maryland remained in the Union, but many a Confederate soldier was also recruited in the State. Lee occupied Fred- erick, and later in the war occurred the Battles of South Mountain, Antietam and Monocacy. Unionist sympathizers held the state government in line, and, in 1864, modified the Constitution to abolish slavery. 22 MARYLAND MANUAL

Years of Peace Between the end of the war and the beginning of the next century, the boom in industry and commerce brought business to Baltimore and the State, an increase in rail and water facilities, and made large philanthropies possible. Three of these, the gift in 1857 of $1,400,000 by a one-time Baltimore resident, George Peabody, who had made a fortune in England; the endowment of a university by the merchant, Johns Hopkins (1876), and the gift of a public library in 1882 by Enoch Pratt benefited the State as well as its largest city. Even the $125,000,000 fire which began February 7, 1904, did not retard Baltimore’s progress; the population increased with every decade.

Later History The story of the twentieth century in Maryland is largely one of detailed statistics. As Baltimore forged ahead to be the sixth city in the country, the State ranked only twenty-fourth in point of population. In World War I approximately 75,000 of its citizens represented the State’s service in the conflict. The martial activities of the LTnited States also appeared in the many Federal establishments on Maryland soil, of which the United States Naval Academy (Annapolis), opened in 1845, is the oldest. Fort George G. Meade occupied over 7,500 acres near Odenton; the United States Army had a proving ground at Aberdeen and an arsenal at Edgewood. Between wars, Maryland assumed a forward-looking attitude^ Legislation was enacted to create old-age and mother’s pensions, to give aid to dependent children and to assist the needy blind. In World War II about 250,000 Marylanders served. More than ever before, state industrial power—particularly that devoted to the building of ships and aircraft—fought the “Battle of Materials.” Fort Meade was enlarged and rebuilt; at Port Deposit the Navy placed its extensive training center, Camp Bainbridge; Andrews Air Force Base in Prince George’s County and the United States Naval Air Station at Patuxent were set up. The first airway access (1919) to Baltimore was at Logan Field; the first passengers by air came twelve years later. By 1941 a Municipal Airport was in full operation. Such attempts were dwarfed by an ambitious plan for a large airport, work on which commenced May 1, 1947. On June 24, 1950, the Friendship International Airport opened, a MARYLAND MANUAL 23

3,200 acre field providing for air travel to all parts of the globe. At a cost of $15,000,000, Baltimore had one of the largest airports in the United States. A great road and bridge building program began with the end of World War II. Agreements reached in 1947 to survey ground and water for a bridge over the Chesapeake made probable an ambitious scheme, talked of for over forty years. On November 3, 1949, the first actual work on such a bridge began, culminating in its opening July 30, 1952. The result is a four-mile structure (over seven if approach roads are considered) with suspension spans al- lowing for craft to a height of 187 feet. Nearly two thousand vehicles an hour can cover the six-minute trip. A year after opening over $3,500,000 had been paid in tolls; the cost, covered by a bond issue, was $45,000,000. By Decem- ber 1952, the Washington-Annapolis Freeway was opened between Annapolis and Route 301; the new bridge across the Severn was opened in June 1953, to provide a direct link between the Chesapeake Bay Bridge and the freeway. The Baltimore-Washington Express Way was opened in its entirety early in 1954. Eventually dual highways will run between the Delaware State line and the District of Colum- bia and Virginia. Another fine road, connecting the District and Frederick, will replace Route 240. To further facilitate traffic, an under-harbor tunnel from Fairfield to Canton to cost $130,000,000 (including approach roads) is under construction. Various State institutions, particularly those for medical and mental care, have undergone great improvements. Two of the three authorized units of the chronic disease hospitals have been opened, one in Wicomico County and the other in Baltimore. The third unit, which will provide facilities for the care of the chronically ill as well as tubercular patients, is under construction in Washington County. A 300- bed hospital for tubercular patients has also been provided at Mt. Wilson. A twenty-six-bed maternity ward has been opened at Miners Hospital. The University of Maryland has opened a 100-bed psychiatric institute in Baltimore. Patuxent Institution, for the custody of psychopathic delinquents, was opened in 1955, and an institution for the criminally insane is in the planning stages. At Green Ridge State Forest, the first rehabilitation camp for delinquent youth was opened in 1955.

State Agencies

MARYLAND MANUAL 27 THE GOVERNOR Theodore R. McKeldin, Governor, 1969 Albert W. Quinn, Assistant to the Governor William A. Gresham, Administrative Assistant Thomas S. Carr, Executive Secretary Mildred K. Momberger, Secretary to the Governor State House, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-2666 1833 Mathieson Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Mulberry 5-4300 The Governor is the chief executive officer of the State and the Commander-in-Chief of its military forces. He is elected by popular vote for a term of four years, his term of office beginning on the second Wednesday of January following his election. No person may serve as Governor for more than two consecutive terms. To be eligible for the office of Governor, a person must be at least thirty years of age, and must have been for ten years a citizen of the State, and for five years preceding the date of his election a resident of the State. At the time of his election, he must also be a qualified voter of the State (Const. 1867, Art. II, secs. 1, 3, 6). It is the duty of the Governor to submit to each annual session of the General Assembly, a budget for the next ensuing fiscal year. He shall also make recommendations for the raising of the principal and interest of the State’s indebtedness. The Governor may also inform the General Assembly at any time of the condition of the State (II, 19; III, 52(3)). Before a bill may become law it must be signed by the Governor, with the single exception of the General Appropriation Act. How- ever, any bill which he vetoes may be passed without his signature by three-fifths of the total number of members of each house of the General Assembly, either at the current session or at the session next following, or should the Governor, while the Legislature is in session, fail to return any bill with his objections within six days, then the Act becomes law automatically; except, when the adjournment of the General Assembly prevents the return of the bill, then the bill fails. The Governor has the power to veto any part of an appropriation bill, in the same manner as other bills, without vetoing all (II, 17 as amended by Acts 1949, ch. 714). The Governor is Commander-in-Chief of the Military forces of the State except when such forces shall be called into the national service. He has the power to establish a State Guard when the National Guard has been called into Federal service. The Governor has power to appoint all military and civil officers of the State subject to the advice and consent of the Senate except when the election or appointment of such officer is otherwise provided for. In addition to appointing the heads of major departments, boards and commissions of the State Government, the Governor appoints certain boards and commissions in each county and the City of Baltimore as is provided by law. The Governor also commissions Trial Magistrates, Justices of the Peace, and Notaries Public. The Governor has the power to appoint persons to unexpired terms of the offices of Attorney General, Comptroller, Treasurer, and members of the General As- sembly. Any officer appointed by the Governor, excepting members of the General Assembly, shall be removable by him for cause. The Governor has the power to grant executive clemency, reprieves or pardons to any person who is a prisoner of the State, and the power to remit any fine or portion thereof to any person who has paid the fine. He may extradite prisoners or persons wanted by other 28 MARYLAND MANUAL

States upon the presentation of a writ of extradition and may issue a warrant for the arrest of any person so wanted. The Governor may also ask for the return to this State of any prisoner or person of another State wanted for the violation of the laws of Maryland (II, 20). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $181,629 $190,308 Staff: 13.

GOVERNOR’S ADVISORY COUNCIL J. Millard Tawes, Comptroller Hooper S. Miles, Treasurer C. Ferdinand Sybert, Attorney General Wendell D. Allen, Chairman, State Board of Education Wilson H. Elkins, President and Executive Officer, University of Maryland and State Board of Agriculture Enos S. Stockbridge, Director, Department of Correction (} {] -ft Thomas J. S. Waxter, Director, Department of Public Welfare &. //Aw^vRobert H. Riley, M.D., Director, Department of Health /3b-u*^U2-Bussel!- H. -McCain, Director, Department of Public Works Frank Small, Jr., Commissioner of Motor Vehicles James Hepbron, Police Commissioner of Baltimore City John P. Tawes, Chairman, Board of Natural Resources Russell S. Davis, State Commissioner of Personnel The Advisory Council may be called from time to time by the Governor for the consideration of general State policies, finances, departmental and institutional work and conditions (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 43). -o

GOVERNOR’S MILITARY STAFF Chief of Staff: Major General Milton A. Reckord, The Adjutant General The Governor is authorized to appoint at his pleasure a military staff which may consist of the Adjutant General and not more than twelve aides selected from the Commissioned Officers of the National Guard and Naval Militia (Code 1951, Art. 65, sec. 9).

SECRETARY OF STATE HIuachard—Ru-mkri 1, Secretary of State James P. Brock, Administrative Assistant State House, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-2669 The office of Secretary of State was created in 1837 by a Constitu- tional Amendment. The Secretary of State is appointed by the Gov- ernor with the consent of the Senate and serves during the Governor’s term (Const. 1867, Art. II, sec. 22). The Secretary of State acts as general secretary to the Governor, attesting his signature on all public documents, commissions, warrants, proclamations and such other public papers as may be required. The Secretary of State is the custodian of the Great Seal of the State (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 44). MARYLAND MANUAL 29

The results of all referenda and constitutional amendments submitted to the electorate are certified by the Secretary of State. He keeps and publishes the results of elections held in the State, and in addition, keeps the records of the State Board of Canvassers of which he is a member (Code 1951, Art. 33, secs. 112, 113, 128). A record of all commissions issued and all appointments made by the Governor is kept by his office (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 84). This office also maintains a record of trade marks and trade names used within the State (Code 1955 supp., Art. 41, secs. 87A-87N. Also maintained here is a registry of all legislative agents and counsels, the legislative subjects in which they are interested, and the amounts received and expended by them while engaged in such activity (Code 1951, Art. 40, secs. 5-14). The Secretary of State is also the legally designated attorney of non-resident drivers, aviators and aircraft owners involved in accidents in Maryland. All processes or warrants served upon him in this connection have the same legal effect as though they were served upon the individual (Code 1951, Art. 66%, sec. 113; Art. 75, sec. 159). All administrative rules or regulations adopted by any State officer or department must be filed with the Secretary of State who shall be responsible for publishing such rules and regulations and supplements thereto (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 9). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund .... $32,641 $52,243 Staff: 7. o-

BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS Theodore R. McKeldin, Governor J. Millard Tawes, Comptroller of the Treasury Hooper S. Miles, Treasurer Joseph O’C. McCusker, Secretary to the Board State Office Building, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 8-3371 The Board of Public Works is composed of the Governor, the Comptroller, and the State Treasurer (Const. 1867, Art. XII, sec. 1). The Board exercises such powers and duties as may be delegated to it in regard to the creation of the State debt. All contracts for the expenditures of the proceeds of loans authorized by the General Assembly are subject to the approval of the Board. The Board supervises the expenditure of all sums appropriated for the acquisition of land, buildings, equipment, new construction and other capital expenditures, except in connection with State roads, bridges and highways; the contracts for the former expenditures are subject to the approval of the Board, after review by the Director of Budget and Procure- ment. The Board has the power to approve every new lease or renewal for land, buildings or office space before it is executed by any department, board, commission, State officer or institution of the State. It may also designate the location of any State agency, after review by the Director of Budget and Procurement. The Board may borrow upon the credit of the State, at any time between the sessions of the General Assembly, sums not to exceed $50,000, to meet temporary deficits in the Treasury; and in addition, it may borrow upon the credit of the State total amounts not exceeding $1,000,000 in anticipation of taxes levied for any year. All such loans shall bear interest at a rate determined by the Board, and shall mature and be repaid at or before the end of the fiscal year in which the money is borrowed. The Board has power to adopt rules and regulations, upon 30 MARYLAND MANUAL recommendation of the Comptroller, covering matters of business administration in the various departments, institutions and agencies of the State, including the fixing of uniform rates of mileage allow- ance, and the terms and renewals of all bonds furnished by State officials and employees. The sale, lease or transfer of any property, either real or personal belonging to any State agency or institution must be approved, and the conveyance signed by the Board and the highest official of the agency or institution. In cases where no agency or institution claims the property the Board shall execute the conveyance. The Board of Public Works also has custody of the Emer- gency Appropriation Funds which are used to supplement the budgets of the agencies and institutions of the State. The Board of Public Works also has power to authorize the disposal of the records of any agency or institution of the State, when such disposal has been approved by the Hall of Records Commission (Code 1951, Art. 78A, secs. 1 to 10; 1955 supp. Art. 78A, sec. 1A-1E; Art. 41, secs. 154, 156).

Public Works Appropriations— 1955 1956 General Funds Administration $ 5,485.00 $ 5,115.00 Emergency Fund 400,000.00 350,000.00 For Refund of Money Er- roneously Paid into the State Treasury 10,000.00 10,000.00 Workmen’s Compensation Insurance Premium .... 130,135.00 115,328.00 Totals $545,620.00 $480,443.00

COMPTROLLER OF THE TREASURY J. Millard Tawes, Comptroller of the Treasury, 1959 Joseph O’C. McCusker, Chief Deputy Comptroller Theodore H. Taylor, Deputy Comptroller Edna O. Williams, Deputy Comptroller Abbie M. Sullivan, Deputy Comptroller George-E^Gannen, Chief Accountant Edward J. Dyas, Chief License Inspector Bernard F. Nossel, Chief, Gasoline Tax Division Roger V. Laynor, Chief, Alcoholic Beverages Tax Division Benjamin F. Marsh, Chief, Income Tax Division Walter E. Kennedy, Chief, Retail Sales Tax Division Joseph S. Hogg, Chief, Admissions Tax Division State Office Building, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 8-3371 The Office of the Comptroller of the Treasury was established in 1851. The Comptroller is elected by popular vote for a term of four years (Const. 1867, Art. VI, sec. 1). He has general superintendence over the fiscal affairs of the State, preparing plans for the improvement and management of the revenue, and for the support of the public credit. The Comptroller’s office maintains the central accounting office of the State, approving warrants for all money to be paid out of the Treasury. The Comptroller or his deputies countersign all checks drawn by the Treasurer upon the deposits of the State. The Comptroller prescribes the formalities for the transfer, or other MARYLAND MANUAL 31 evidence of the State debt, countersigning the same. The office of the Comptroller superintends and enforces the prompt collection of all taxes and revenue. The office of the Comptroller is further responsible for the administration and collection of the following specific taxes; the income tax, both personal and corporate; the retail sales and use taxes; the admissions tax, the motor vehicle fuel tax, and the solid fuel tax, each of which is collected and administered by separate divisions established for the purpose. The Alcoholic Bever- ages Tax Division controls and regulates the manufacture, sale, transportation and distribution of alcoholic beverages into, within and out of the State of Maryland; collects excise taxes on beer, wine and liquor; issues licenses to manufacturers, wholesalers, railroads and steamboats; issues permits to non-beverage dealers, non-resident dealers, transportation companies, and for public and individual storage. The 1953 General Assembly established the Maryland Alcohol Tax Enforcement Unit under the Comptroller and within the Alco- holic Beverages Tax Division for specific enforcement of certain of the alcoholic beverages laws. The office of the Comptroller is further required to prescribe the form of all licenses required by the State licensing laws which are issued through the Clerks of the Courts of the various counties. The License Bureau is responsible for the enforcement of the State license laws. The Comptroller’s office is further responsible for the distribution of certain taxes and revenue to the local subdivisions and other State agencies as prescribed by law (Code 1951 and 1955 supp., Art. 2B; Art. 19, secs. 1-34, Art. 56 secs. 3A, 11, secs. 123-145; Art. 81, secs. 131, secs. 211-217, secs. 275-407). Branch offices of the Comptroller of the Treasury are maintained in the following cities: Baltimore (all divisions) 34 Hopkins Place Dundalk Dunkirk Building, Shipping Place and Dunmanway Washington, D. C. International Office Building, 1319 F Street, N. W. Cumberland 9 Market Street Easton Avalon Building Salisbury Advertiser Building Appropriations 1955 1956 General Funds $1,967,688.00 $2,110,403.00 Special Funds 186,043.00 190,073.00 Total $2,153,731.00 $2,300,476.00 Staff: 466. o STATE APPEAL BOARD Chairman: L. Franklin Purnell Walter E. Buck, Joseph I. Pines Louis R. Schuerholz, Secretary 34 Hopkins Place, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Plaza 2-2700 The State Appeal Board was established in 1933. It was designated by law as the “State License Bureau” until 1947, when the name was changed (Acts of 1947, ch. 501, sec. 2A). The Board is composed of 32 MARYLAND MANUAL three members appointed by the Comptroller of the Treasury subject to the approval of the Governor. The Comptroller designates the Chairman of the Board. The Board acts on complaints in place of a county board of license commissioners in Somerset, Wicomico and Worcester counties. The Board hears appeals from the decisions of the licensing authorities in Anne Arundel (except the City of Annap- olis) and Dorchester counties. The Board’s decision in Somerset and Worcester counties is subject to appeal to the Circuit Court. There is no appeal from the decision of the Board in Wicomico County. The Board meets, within the time prescribed by law after the filing of an appeal, request or complaint, at the County Seat of the county in which the action originated. The appropriation for the expenses of the Board is included in the budget of Alcoholic Beverages Division, Comptroller of the Treasury. (Code 1951, Art. 2B, sec. 168; 1955 supp., Art. 2B, sec. 145). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $8,410 $8,265 Staff: 4. o-

BOARD OF REVENUE ESTIMATES BUREAU OF REVENUE ESTIMATES J. Millard Tawes, Comptroller of the Treasury Hooper S. Miles, State Treasurer James G. Rennie, Director, Department of Budget and Procurement W. Irvin Young, Chief, Bureau of Revenue Estimates State Office Building, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 8-3371 The Board of Revenue Estimates and the Bureau of Revenue Esti- mates were created in 1945. The Board is composed of the Comp- troller of the Treasury, the State Treasurer and the Director of Budget and Procurement. It is the duty of the Board to study the findings and recommendations of the Bureau and upon the basis of such study send to the Governor, for submission to the General As- sembly, an itemized statement of anticipated revenues for the succeeding fiscal year, together with such other recommendations as the Board may deem necessary. It is the duty of the Bureau to study and analyze all sources of revenue, to prepare for the Board the facts and findings for its itemized statement, to make and devise more equitable and economical means of collection of such revenue, and to devise and recommend new sources of revenue (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 166). The Chief of the Bureau of Revenue Estimates, in conjunction with the State Comptroller’s office, shall prepare and submit to the members of the General Assembly, by the end of the months of January and July in each year an itemized statement showing the following information for the six-month period ending on the next preceding December 31 or June 30, as the case may be: (1) estimated revenue from all sources, by funds, for the current budgetary period; (2) collections for the next preceding six-month period; and (3) amount of revenues uncollected or over-collected (Code 1951, Art. 41. sec. 166). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $10,477 $11,030 Staff: 2. MARYLAND MANUAL 33 CENTRAL PAYROLL BUREAU Robert L. Serviss, Director State Office Building, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 8-3371 The Central Payroll Bureau, organized in 1953, is a joint function of the State Treasurer’s Office and the Comptroller of the Treasury. Based on reports received from the agencies of the State, the Central Payroll Bureau compiles the payroll journal, writes the payroll checks, maintains records of earnings for each employee, issues payroll warrants and submits bi-weekly reports to the State Employees’ Retire- ment System. Deductions for Federal and State withholding taxes are deposited by the Bureau and the annual report to employees for salary and wages earned and taxes withheld are also additional functions. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $72,933 $74,561 Staff: 16. o STATE TREASURER Hooper S. Miles, Treasurer, 1959 Charles M. Speicher, Chief Deputy J. Hugh Taylor, Deputy State Office Building, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-3117 Mathieson Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Saratoga 7-5166 Under the Constitution of 1776, there were two State Treasurers— the Treasurer of the Eastern Shore and the Treasurer of the Western Shore. With the adoption of the Constitution of 1851, these two offices were consolidated. The present Constitution provides that the Treasurer shall be elected by joint ballot of both Houses of the Gen- eral Assembly for a term of four years. The Treasurer is responsible for depositing each day the money of the State in an authorized depository. The Treasurer or his deputy must sign all checks, countersigned by the Comptroller or an authorized deputy. The Treasurer is responsible for investing unexpended or surplus funds of the State which are available for investment purposes, and is the custodian of the State’s insurance, all stocks, bonds, or other investments of the State, and securities pledged by all banks with deposits of State funds, insurance companies, and foreign building and homestead associations, as required by the laws of the State. A monthly balance of all State funds held in authorized depositories is published in a newspaper of Baltimore, and a quarterly report is rendered to the Comp- troller. The Treasurer is also the custodian of such special funds as may be prescribed by law (Const. 1867, Art. VI. secs. 1, 2, 4). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $471,395 $412,161 Staff: 14. o STATE AUDITOR James L. Benson, State Auditor, 1959 Benjamin Gary, Deputy State Auditor Kathleen Collins, Administrative Assistant 1401 Standard Oil Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-4542 The office of the State Auditor was created in 1902; it was reorganized in 1929 and has continued to operate under the law enacted 34 MARYLAND MANUAL at that time, with minor changes. The State Auditor is appointed by the Governor for a term of four years and both he and the Deputy State Auditor are required to be certified public accountants or registered public accountants of Maryland. The State Auditor’s office is required to audit annually the books of all Clerks of Court, Registers of Wills, and Collectors of State Taxes of the State of Maryland, including the City of Baltimore; the Governor’s office; the Comptroller of the Treasury; the Attorney General; the Clerk of the Court of Appeals; and such other offices, departments, agencies, boards, commissions, or institutions as the Comptroller may direct. On or before December 1 of each year, and at such other times as may seem desirable, he submits to the Comptroller full and detailed written reports of the results of his examinations of the books and accounts of the various offices and institutions audited, with suggestions as to changes in the method of keeping the books and accounts, the adoption of uniform accounting systems, and changes in the forms of reports by the various agenices to the Comptroller. The State Auditor also audits, when requested, Maryland counties, incorporated cities or towns, and taxing districts having a population of 2,500 or more and he prescribes the form of and receives reports of certified public accountants or approved auditing committees making such examinations (Code 1951, 1955 supp., Art. 19, secs. 29, 34, 44, 45). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $221,611 $237,095 Staff: 31. o STATE TAX COMMISSION Chairman: Joseph Allen, 1957 Owen E. Hitchins, 1961; John Wood Logan, 1959 Albert W. Ward, Executive Secretary 31 Light St., Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-1090 The State Tax Commission is composed of three members appointed by the Governor for terms of six years, one of the terms expiring every two years. One member must be a resident of the Eastern Shore, one a resident of Baltimore City, and the other a resident of one of the Western Shore counties. “Not more than two of said commissioners shall belong to the same political party and each shall be a taxpayer and a qualified voter of this State.” (Code 1951, Art. 81, sec. 222). The State Tax Commission was created in 1914, superseding the State Tax Commissioner, an office which was established in 1878, with functions virtually limited to the assessment of the shares of domestic corporations and national banks, the gross receipts of certain classes of corporations, and taxes on distilled spirits. In addition to the duties formerly exercised by the State Tax Com- missioner, the Commission is empowered to “supervise the administration of the assessment and tax laws of Maryland and of each county or city thereof”; to enforce and execute a continuing method of assessment and to require that all property in the State be reviewed for assessment each year; to act as an appellate tribunal to which all appeals from assessments of real and personal property made by local assessing bodies must be taken; to assess the operating property, except land, of railroads and other public utilities and contract carriers; “to participate in any proceeding in any court wherein any assessment or taxation question is involved” (Code 1955 supp., Art. 81, sec. 230). MARYLAND MANUAL 35

The Commission appoints for each of the counties a Supervisor of Assessments, who has the status of chief assessor in the county, with power also to appeal to the Commission from any assessments or rulings made by the County Commissioners. The supervisors are appointed from a list of five nominees submitted by the County Com- missioners. They serve during good behavior and are removable by the State Tax Commission “for incompetency or other cause.” Their salaries are fixed by the Tax Commission after consultation with the respective county commissioners. The State and the counties share equally the cost of salaries. A supervisor is also appointed for Balti- more City with important duties of investigation. The Supervisor of Assessments is the chief assessor and acts as such over local assessors. The local assessors are appointed by the county commissioners for an indefinite period from a list of applicants examined and graded by the State Tax Commission. Their salaries are fixed and paid in a similar manner to those of the supervisors. The assessors review for reassessment the property in each county of Maryland each year, so that all property in each county is reviewed and re- assessed annually. The State Tax Commission has charge of the qualifications and registration of foreign corporations doing business in Maryland. In addition to collecting an annual filing fee and accounting monthly for all such collections to the Treasurer, the Commission assesses the tangible personal property of foreign corporations and distributes the proceeds to the localities in which the property is located. Char- ters and amendments to charters of domestic corporations are filed with, and recorded and approved by the Commission. (Code 1951, Art. 81, sec. 12; Art. 23, secs. 4, 11, 26). Under the income tax law, the Commission is given appellate jurisdiction from the final action of the Comptroller. The determination of the Commission is prima facie evidence of the amount of tax due, but an appeal to the Court lies from the findings of the Com- mission in the manner now provided for all appeals from the Com- mission in the exercise of its appellate jurisdiction (Code 1951, Art. 81, sec. 301). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $577,950 $603,976 Staff: 23. o DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND PROCUREMENT James G. Rennie, Director James P. Slicher, Chief, Budget Bureau Adam G. Uhl, Chief, Purchasing Bureau 318 Light St., Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-2050 The Department of Budget and Procurement was established in 1939, combining the budgeting and purchasing functions of the State into a single agency. The Director of the Department is appointed by the Governor. In addition to having executive jurisdiction of the Department, the Director reviews all leases for rental of office space prior to their submission to the Board of Public Works for approval (Code 1951, Art. 15A, sec. 14). Budget Bureau The budget functions of the agency are vested in the Budget Bureau, the chief of which is appointed by the Director. The Bureau 36 MARYLAND MANUAL

aids the Director in preparing a tentative budget for the Governor’s consideration and reviews all budget amendments presented by the various State agencies. The Bureau may investigate the necessity for all expenditures (Code 1951, 1955 supp., Art. 15A, secs. 15-23). Purchasing Bureau The head of the Purchasing Bureau is also appointed by the Director. This Bureau is charged with the purchase of all supplies, material and equipment for the use of State agencies. A warehouse is maintained for the storage of supplies paid for out of the Revolv- ing Fund of $300,000. Supplies stocked by the Warehouse are purchased from it by State agencies who are invoiced and make payment to the Revolving Fund in the same manner as to other vendors. (Code 1951, 1955 supp., Art. 15A, secs. 24-29). As of March 1, 1949, the Department assumed the responsibility of distribution of donable foods from the Production and Marketing Administration, U. S. Department of Agriculture, to public and private eleemosynary institutions and agencies in the State of Maryland. There are 142 such institutions and agencies serving 28,000 persons. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $322,000 $319,485 Staff: 56. o DEPARTMENT OF LAW C. Ferdinand Sybert, Attorney General, 1958 ST&Ajv Norman P. Ramsey, Deputy Attorney General Assistant Attorneys General: David Kauffman Stedman Prescott, Jr. Alexander Harvey, II Special Assistant Attorneys General: Frank T. Gray, for Comptroller of the Treasury Joseph D. Buscher, for State Roads Commission Bernard S. Melnicove, for Department of Employment Security Walter W. Claggett, for Enforcement of Anti-Subversive Act Special Attorneys: Philip T. McCusker, for State Accident Fund U. Theodore Hayes, for State Accident Fund Frederick A. Puderbaugh, for State Roads Commission J. Howard Holzer, for State Roads Commission Robert S. Rothenhoefer, for State Roads Commission Earl I. Rosenthal, for State Roads Commission T. Thornton Murray, for State Roads Commission _ Edward S. Digges, for Commission of Tidewater Fisheries Special Assistant to the Attorney General: James H. Norris, Jr. 1201 Mathieson Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-5413 The Attorney General is elected by the people for a term of four years (Const. 1867, Art. 5, sec. 1). He is the Director of the Depart- ment of Law which was established in 1916. The Attorney General serves as legal counsel to the Governor, the General Assembly, and to all departments, boards, or commissions of the State, excepting the MARYLAND MANUAL 37 Public Service Commission whose counsel is appointed by the Gov- ernor. The Attorney General or his assistants represent the State in all litigation, including criminal appeals, before the Court of Appeals. The Law Department acts as counsel to all Baltimore City officials appointed by the Governor, and to the Clerks of Courts, the Regis- ters of Wills, the Sheriffs, and State’s Attorneys, and the Trial Mag- istrates of the several counties and the City of Baltimore, as well as certain other county officials. The Department, however, does not represent the Boards of County Commissioners, the Boards of Edu- cation, the Boards of Supervisors of Elections or such other boards or officials of the counties who have the power to employ and appoint their own counsel. The Attorney General may render an opinion on any legal subject or matter upon the request of the Governor, the General Assembly, or either House thereof, or of any department or agency of the State (Code 1951, Art. 32A; Code 1955 supp., Art. 32A, sec. 6). The administrative rules and regulations promulgated by any State officer or agency must be submitted to the Attorney General for review as to their legality before they may become effective (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 9). The Department is responsible for the enforcement of the Subversive Activities Act (Code 1951, Art. 85A, secs. 1-19). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $109,163 $111,317 Staff: 21. o

DEPARTMENT OF LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE Carl N. Everstine, Director City Hall, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-2000 The Department of Legislative Reference was originally created in 1906 to serve the City of Baltimore; in 1916 the scope of the Depart- ment was enlarged to serve the State as well. The Department collects, compiles and indexes information on all questions of proposed legislation. The Department investigates and reports on the laws of Maryland and other States at the request of the Governor, any committee or member of the General Assembly, or any State agency. At the request of a member of the General Assembly, the Department prepares or aids in the drafting of any law or resolution. During sessions of the General Assembly, the Department maintains offices in the State House at Annapolis. Each department of the State Gov- ernment is required to transmit to the Department of Legislative Reference at least two copies of each of its reports which are used for exchange and reference purposes by the agency. To aid in their research, the Department maintains a complete index and a complete file on all bills introduced in the General Assembly from 1908 to the present, the Codes and Laws of other States, and a library comprising 19,000 books and 56,000 pamphlets and reports, in addition to a number of periodicals and clippings from magazines and newspapers. The Department also has supervision of the Archives of Baltimore (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. 117-121). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $24,332 $17,620 Staff: 3. 38 MARYLAND MANUAL

FISCAL RESEARCH BUREAU John S. Shriver, Director Janet L. Hoffman, Administrative Analyst 34 Hopkins Place, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-0366 The Fiscal Research Bureau was established by the General Assem- bly of 1947 within the Department of Legislative Reference. The Bureau acts as a staff agency of the General Assembly in fiscal matters; it serves the Legislative Council, committees of the General Assembly and individual legislators on tax and fiscal matters. The Bureau’s general duties include the study of State agencies, study of State and local taxation, study of State and local financial affairs and fiscal relationships, collection of data on the revenue and expenditures of the State’s political sub-divisions, and compilation and publication of financial data on the sub-divisions. Each county, incorporated city or town or special taxing district is required to submit a fiscal report to the Bureau annually. (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. 122- 129; 1955 supp., Art. 19, secs. 35, 40-44). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $29,150 $27,388 Staff: 3. o

COMMISSIONERS FOR THE PROMOTION OF UNIFORMITY OF LEGISLATION IN THE UNITED STATES Chairman: C. Walter Cole, 1959 Avrum K. Rifman, 1959, Roger Howell, 1959 Masonic Building, Towson 4 Telephone: Valley 3-8465 The Governor, every fourth year, appoints this Board of three Commissioners, who represent Maryland in the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. The Commissioners examine into and ascertain the best means to effect uniformity in the laws of the States. They meet on call of the Chairman to determine what acts to sponsor before the Legislative Council of Maryland. They meet with representatives of the other States in the National Con- ference to draft laws to be submitted for the approval and adoption of the several States, and to recommend measures for the promotion of uniform legislation. The Commissioners receive no salary but are allowed their actual disbursements for expenses (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. 130, 131). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $2,000 $2,000 Staff: None. o BANK COMMISSIONER William H. Kirkwood, Jr., Bank Commissioner, 1959 John D. Hospelhorn, Deputy Bank Commissioner H. E. Meeks, Chief Examiner Frank L. Wilson, Discount Supervisor 307 N. Eutaw St., Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-4242 The office of the Bank Commissioner was created in 1910. The Bank Commissioner is appointed by the Governor for a term of MARYLAND MANUAL 39

tour years. The department has general supervision over all banking institutions in the State, other than national banks. It must examine each institution at least twice in eighteen months, and at such other times as the Commissioner may deem expedient and at any time upon request of the board of directors of the institution. Whenever the capital stock of an institution is reduced by impairment, and such impairment is not made good as prescribed by law, or whenever it is found that an institution is being conducted in an unsafe manner, the Bank Commissioner may take possession, as provided by law, and retain possession until it resumes business or is finally liquidated. In case of a failure of any banking institution, excepting National Banks, the Bank Commissioner acts as receiver and liquidates its assets and winds up its affairs under the jurisdiction of the Court. The Commissioner may delegate this power to the Deputy Commis- sioner or a senior examiner. Every bank and trust company is required to submit to the Bank Commissioner, under oath, at least three reports in each calendar year; such reports to exhibit in detail the resources and liabilities of the institution, and show its true condition. These reports are to be published in the local newspapers. All mutual savings institutions are required to report their condition to the Commissioner on June 30 and December 31 of each year. It is the duty of the Commissioner’s office to examine each report received from the institutions under its supervision, and when necessary, to verify them, and at the same time to correct any irregularities that may be disclosed or to make any recommendations that may seem advisable. It is the further responsibility of the department to supervise the formation of new banking institutions, to see that all requirements of the law have been complied with, and to issue a certificate authorizing them to commence business. The Commissioner also passes upon all amendments to charters, and all consolidations and voluntary liquidations. On the tenth of February of each year, the Bank Commissioner is required to make a written report to the Gov- ernor concerning the operations of his office (Code 1951, 1955 supp., Art. 11, secs. 1-26, 28-117). The General Assembly of 1929 passed what is known as the “Credit Union Law”, which provides that any seven or more persons, residents of this State, may apply to the Bank Commissioner for permission to organize a Credit Union. The Act further provides that all Credit Unions which are approved and chartered shall be subject to the supervision of the Bank Commissioner (Code 1951, Art. 11, secs. 135-162). The department also has jurisdiction over industrial finance loan companies under the provisions of the “Industrial Finance Law” passed in 1945. The Act generally provides that no person or corporation may charge interest or other charges in the aggregate above that permitted by law, on loans of fifteen hundred dollars or less, if this person or corporation is not a licensee under the terms of the law. All companies and individuals transacting business under the terms of this statute must secure a license from the Bank Commis- sioner. At least once in every eighteen months, the department is_ required to make an examination of each licensee; it is further required that each licensee shall submit to the Commissioner an annual report setting forth such relevant information regarding the business and its operations, as the Commissioner may reasonably require. The Bank Commissioner has the power to revoke or suspend licenses for infrac- tions of the law. The Commissioner has the power to exempt certain companies from the terms of the Act. Automatically exempted from the Industrial Finance Act are those companies and individuals who are doing business under the terms of the “Small Loan Law”, which 40 MARYLAND MANUAL is administered by the Administrator of Loan Laws (Code 1951, Art. 11, secs. 163-205). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $207,205 $207,435 Staff: 34. o

BANKING BOARD J. Millard Tawes, Comptroller of the Treasury Charles W. Hoff, Baltimore Clearing House, 1961 L. Alan Dill, Associated Mutual Savings Banks of Baltimore, 1957 F. Ross Myers, Maryland State Bankers’ Association, 1959 The Banking Board, established in 1935, is composed of the Comp- troller of the Treasury, and three members appointed by the Gov- ernor, from lists of nominees submitted by (1) the Baltimore Clear- ing House, (2) the Associated Mutual Savings Banks of Baltimore, and (3) the Maryland State Bankers’ Association. Each member holds office for six years with one term expiring every two years. The Board meets at the call of the Bank Commissioner to confer and to consult with him in matters pertaining to the banking business or banking institutions in Maryland (Code 1951, Art. 11, sec. 27).

o STATE INSURANCE DEPARTMENT Charles S. Jackson, Insurance Commissioner, 1959 John H. Coppage, Deputy Commissioner Denton S. Lowe, Chief Examiner Maurice H. LeVita, Examiner Howard E. Gates, Chief, Rating Bureau Joseph F. Mannion, Auditor-Examiner John J. Meyers, Chief Fire Investigator Edward Dackson, Insurance Examiner I Mollie E. Bald, Assessment Supervisor Charles Voelker, Insurance Advisor 34 Hopkins Place, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-0855 The State Insurance Department was first created in 1872 as a part of the office of the Comptroller of the Treasury. In 1878 the Department became an independent agency. The State Insurance Department is under the direction of the Insurance Commissioner, who is appointed by the Governor for a term of four years (Code 1951, Art. 48A, secs. 2, 3). It shall be the duty of the Commissioner to see that all the laws of the State governing insurance companies or relating to the business of insurance are faithfully executed. The Commissioner authorizes and licenses insurance companies agents, solicitors, brokers and brokers’ solicitors to do business in the State. All applicants for licenses as agents and solicitors for fire and casualty lines are examined by the Department, which also conducts periodic examinations of all companies organized under the laws of Maryland, and from time to time participates in the examination of non-resident companies doing business in the State. The MARYLAND MANUAL 41

Commissioner approves all policies for life, accident and sickness insurance offered for sale in the State by authorized companies, and it is his duty to license rating bureaus and advisory organizations, and to approve or disapprove the rates for most classes of property insurance filed by rating bureaus on behalf of their members and subscribers. The Insurance Commissioner also performs the duties of a State Fire Marshal and has authority to investigate suspicious fires in most counties of the State and to inspect all buildings used by the general public such as schools, theatres, hotels, nursing homes, etc., to see that proper exits are provided and other safety features for the prevention of and the protection against fire are installed. The Commissioner is also charged with the duty of licensing manufacturers of, dealers in and users of explosives, the transportation of explosives on the public highways and he also issues permits for all displays of fireworks within the State. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $223,005 $234,144 Staff: 38. o

ADMINISTRATOR OF LOAN LAWS Vacancy: Administrator, 1959 John W. Dallam, Deputy Administrator Henry W. Forster, Chief Supervisor 300 Mathieson Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-7433 The office of Administrator of Loan Laws was established as an independent agency in 1941, superseding a similar office established under the jurisdiction of the Bank Commissioner. The Administrator is appointed by the Governor for a term of four years (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 164). This office administers and enforces the “Uniform Small Loan Law.” All persons, corporations, and copartnerships making loans of three hundred dollars or less at a rate of interest of more than six percent per year must first secure a license from the Adminis- trator of Loan Laws. Periodic examinations of the books and accounts of each licensee are made under the Administrator’s direction. Each licensee must also submit to the Administrator an annual report of his business transactions. The Administrator has the power to revoke, refuse, or suspend licenses of any person or corporation. This agency also investigates complaints of violations by non-licensees and may take legal action to prosecute violators of the Act (Code 1951, Art. 58A, secs. 1-23).

Installment Sales Division The Installment Sales Division was created in 1941. It administers the Installment Sales Law and exercises general supervision over installment sales finance companies. All companies engaged in installment sales financing must secure a license from this office. All companies licensed in the State must make an annual report to the division. This office also conducts periodic examinations of the books and accounts of all licensees. Investigations of complaints of violations 42 MARYLAND MANUAL of the law are made, and legal action instituted to prosecute offenders (Code 1951, 1955 supp., Art. 83, secs. 116-152). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $52,779 $54,119 Staff: 10. ■ o PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Chairman: Stanford Hoff, 1961 Frank Harper, 1959; Wilmer Fell Davis, 1957 Albert L. Deen, Executive Secretary Leon H. A. Pierson, General Counsel, 1961 Wilfred T. McQuaid, People’s Counsel Hugh H. Hunter, Chief Engineer E. Edward McLean, Chief Auditor 1701 Munsey Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-7510 The Public Service Commission was established in 1910. The Com- mission, composed of three members, is appointed by the Governor. The term of each member is six years, one term expiring every two years. The Governor also appoints the General Counsel, for a term of six years, and the People’s Counsel who serves at the pleasure of the Governor (Code 1951, 1955 supp., Art. 78, sec. 4). The Public Service Commission has jurisdiction over common carriers including steam and electric railroads, street railways, sleeping car companies, bus lines, express companies, steam boat companies, power boats, ferry companies, carriers by aircraft, toll bridges, and all carriers, generally, engaged in the public transportation of passengers or freight within the State of Maryland. The Commission also exercises jurisdiction over all gas, electric, telephone, telegraph, water, heating and refrigerating companies operating within the State. All taxicabs operating in the City of Baltimore are also under the jurisdiction of the Commission. The Commission has the power to fix both minimum and maximum rates and to suspend schedules pending the determination of the reasonableness of the proposed rates. Public utilities may not abandon or discontinue the exercise of any franchise without permission of the Commission. All gas and electric meters are tested by the Commission prior to their installation, tests are also made of previously installed meters at the request of the consumer. A laboratory is maintained in which daily tests are made of gas furnished in the city of Baltimore. Regular and frequent tests are made of the gas and electricity furnished in other parts of the State (Code 1951, 1955 supp., Art. 78, secs. 1-88). The Commission is also authorized to make joint investigations, hold joint hearings, and issue joint or other concurrent orders in conjunction with any official board or commission of any state or the federal government under agreements and compacts between states, under the concurrent powers of states to regulate interstate commerce as an agency of the federal government, or otherwise (Code 1951, 1955 supp., Art. 78, sec. 5). The Public Service Commission is also represented on joint boards created by the Interstate Commerce Commission under the Federal Motor Carriers Act to hear and pass upon applications and proceedings pertaining to interstate motor carrier operation conducted in or through not more than three states. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $265,532 $262,117 Staff: 41. MARYLAND MANUAL 43

STATE ATHLETIC COMMISSION Chairman: John Marshall Boone, 1957 Bernard A. Garrity, 1961; Morris B. Bassford, 1959 Jack Cohen, Executive Secretary 18 E. Lexington St., Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-5732 The State Athletic Commission was established in 1920. The Com- mission consists of three members appointed by the Governor for terms of six years, one term expiring every two years. The Commis- sion has supervision over all boxing and wrestling matches scheduled and held in the State of Maryland. It enacts and enforces such rules as are necessary to govern these bouts. It licenses all corporations, associations or persons sponsoring such bouts, and all referees, managers, seconds and participants. The Commission collects from all sponsors of boxing and wrestling matches a fee equal to ten percent of the gross gate receipts and also ten percent of the sale of radio, television or motion picture rights to boxing and wrestling events. (Code 1951, Art. 56, secs. 97-115). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $31,680 $25,297 Staff: 4. o STATE AVIATION COMMISSION Chairman: Charles B. Allen, 1958 George H. Langenfelder, 1957; Charles Adler, Jr., 1956 Charles W. Purcell, 1956; Charles A. Masson, 1956 Rudolph A. Drennan, Director of Aeronautics 627 Munsey Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Saratoga 7-4751 The State Aviation Commission, created in 1929, is composed of five members appointed by the Governor for a term of three years. It is the purpose of the Commission to assist and encourage the development of aviation in Maryland. Airports, air navigators, aeronautical schools and instructors in the State are registered and licensed by this agency. All licenses granted by the federal government to pilots living in Maryland and to aircraft operating within the State must be registered with the Commission. In cooperation with federal authorities, the Commission aids in the planning and development of airports and airport sites in Maryland and administers federal funds allocated for that purpose (Code 1951, Art. 1A, secs. 3-5, 14, 18, 19, 22, 23, 25-28, 31, 34, 35). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $17,352 Staff: 2. o BOARD OF BOILER RULES Joseph F. DiDomenico, Commissioner, Department of Labor and Industry A. L. Penniman, Owners and Users, 1957 George P. Emerson, Boiler Insurance and Inspection Companies, 1958 12 East Mulberry St., Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-3596 The Board of Boiler Rules was established in 1920. It is composed of three members two of whom are appointed by the Governor for a 44 MARYLAND MANUAL terrn of four years; the third member of the Board being the Com- missioner of Labor and Industry. Of the appointive members of the Board one must be a representative of the owners and users of boilers in the State, and one a representative of a boiler insurance and inspection company licensed to do business in this State. The Board is charged with the duty of formulating rules and regulations governing the construction, installation and maintenance of boilers of over fifteen pounds to a square inch, for sale or use in Maryland, and to enforce such rules and regulations (Code 1951, Art. 48, secs. 165, 166). The appropriation for the Board is included in the appropriation of the Department of Labor and Industry.

o- MARYLAND STATE BOARD OF MOTION PICTURE CENSORS Chairman: C. Morton Goldstein, 1958 Vice-Chairman: Maude B. Dorrance, 1956 Secretary: Walter S. Ringler, 1957 Elmer P. Butz, Administrative Assistant 212 N. Eutaw Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Mulberry 5-6756 The Board consists of a chairman, vice-chairman, and secretary appointed by the Governor, by and with the consent of the Senate, for a term of three years. It is required to examine or supervise the examination of all film, excepting newsreels, to be exhibited or used in the State of Maryland and is charged with disapproving such as are obscene, or such as tend in the judgment of the Board, to debase or corrupt morals or incite to crimes. The Board furnishes an official approval seal, which must be displayed on the screen when the picture is shown (Code 1951, 1955 supp., Art. 66A). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $65,480 $65,316 Staff: 12. -o- MARYLAND RACING COMMISSION Chairman: D. Eldred Rinehart, 1959 E. Taylor Chewning, 1961; Albert A. Shuger, 1957 J. William Graham, Secretary 504 Maryland Trust Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-2387 The Maryland Racing Commission was established in 1920. The Commission is composed of three members appointed by the Governor for a term of six years. The Commission licenses all persons, associations or corporations which holds or conducts any racing meeting within the State where horseracing is permitted for any stake, purse or reward. The Commission promulgates such rules and regulations as may be necessary to govern the races. It may also regulate the size of the purse, the price of admission, or the charge made for any article or service sold at the meets. All persons engaged in racing in Maryland under assumed names must register with the Commis- sion and receive its permission for the use of such name. The Com- mission has the power to revoke or suspend the license of any person or corporation engaged in racing within the State who violates the racing laws or the rules of the Commission (Code 1951, Art. 78B, secs. 1-2, 6-25; Code 1955, supp., Art. 78B). MARYLAND MANUAL 45

Appropriations—Special Funds 1955 1956 Administration $ 38,124 $ 38,604 Race Track Upkeep 460,000 480,000 Totals $498,124 $518,604 Staff: 4. o REAL ESTATE COMMISSION Chairman: Edward J. Dyas, Chief License Inspector Ralph P. Ripley, 1956; Mac Gardiner, 1959 William G. Nicholson, Executive Secretary 503 Mathieson Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-0781 The Real Estate Commission was established in 1939. The Commis- sion is composed of three members, one of whom is the Chief License Inspector of the State License Bureau, who also acts as Chairman. The remaining two members are appointed by the Governor for four year terms. Both appointive members must have been actively engaged in the real estate business for ten years prior to appointment; one must be a resident of Baltimore City and the other a resident of one of the counties. The Commission licenses all real estate agencies, brokers and salesmen doing business or wishing to do business in Maryland. The Commission has the power to revoke, refuse or suspend licenses of any agency or person for violating the State real estate laws, or for unethical conduct (Code 1951, Art. 56, secs. 220-238). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $27,024 $27,762 Staff: 4. o DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND INDUSTRY Joseph F. DiDomenico, Commissioner, 1955 Margaret W. Kimble, Deputy Commissioner William R. Welsh, Administrative Assistant Elizabeth Sanders, Supervisor of Permits Edmund Rawa, Supervisor of Street Trades Matthew Gibson, Chief Boiler Inspector 12 East Mulberry Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-3596 The Department of Labor and Industry is under the direction of a Commissioner appointed by the Governor for a term of four years. The Department is responsible for the collection of statistics concerning labor in the State of Maryland and is further charged with the examining of the conditions of labor within the State with especial reference to wages and the causes of strikes and disagree- ments between employee and employer. The Commissioner is required to follow the progress of negotiations in all labor disputes occurring within the State and shall, if deemed necessary, mediate such disputes or compose arbitration boards to arbitrate them. The_ Department collects, maintains and publishes statistics and information m regard to the volume of production of the various manufacturing industries of the State (Code 1955 supp., Art. 89, secs. 1, 2). The agency is responsible for the inspection of all boilers in the State and the enforcement of the Steam Boiler Inspection Law. All 46 MARYLAND MANUAL

fee charging employment agencies operating within Maryland are licensed and supervised by the Department. This agency is further responsible for the enforcement of the laws in regard to the hours of labor for females and the Child Labor Law. Under the terms of the Child Labor Law, minors between the ages of fourteen and eighteeen must receive employment certificates from the Department. Before such certificates are issued, children applying for the same must pass a physical examination given by the physicians of the Department (Code 1951, Art. 89, secs. 4-12; Art. 48, secs. 167-176). The Department cooperates with the Federal government in the enforcement of the Walsh-Healy Act; the issuance of employment certificates for minors subject to the child labor provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act. The General Assembly of 1955 created within the Department a Division of Industrial Safety (Ch. 44). The division is responsible for promulgating necessary regulations to promote and encourage industrial safety in the manufacturing plants of the State. Periodic examinations and inspections of the various industrial establishments are made and the division may require any industry, under the jurisdiction of the Industrial Safety Act, to correct any unsafe condition or practice (Code 1955 supp., Art. 89, secs. 16-36; Art. 101, sec. 68A). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $158,150 $173,335 Staff: 32. o STATE INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT COMMISSION Chairman: Melvin L. Fine, 1959 Helen Elizabeth Brown, 1956; Daniel T. Doherty, 1957 Woodrow A. Shriver, 1958; R. Duncan Clark, 1961 DeLancey B. Scrivner, Secretary Meyer M. Ohen, Legal Assistant Members of Medical Board: Chairman: James Frenkil, M.D., 1959 Whitmer B. Firor, M.D., 1961; John Sheldon Eastland, M.D., 1957 741 Equitable Building, Baltimore 2 Lexington 9-4360 The State Industrial Accident Commission, created in 1914, is charged with the administration of the Workmen’s Compensation Law. By an amendment effective June 1, 1953, the Commission shall be composed of five Commissioners, one of whom shall hold office for a term of two years; one for three years; one for four years; one for five years and one for six years. Upon the expiration of the term of each Commissioner his successor shall be appointed by the Governor by and with the consent of the Senate for a term of six years. The Chairman, who is appointed by the Governor, has administrative supervision over the agency; the remaining four Commissioners hear cases. Hearings are held throughout the State in contested cases. It receives reports of accidents, and adjudicates claims for compensation arising under the law. Investigations are made of companies and firms which fail to carry insurance under the terms of the Act. (Code 1951, Art. 101, secs. 3-13; Code 1955, supp., Art. 101, secs. 1, 2). In recent years many important changes in the Workmen’s Com- pensation Act have been made by the General Assembly. Among the most important of these have been the increase of temporary MARYLAND MANUAL 47 total disability payments from $28.00 to $32.00 a week; the increase of permanent total disability awards from $32.00 weekly payments to $35.00, and the total amount from $10,000 to $12,500, the increase of total benefits to dependents from $7,500 to $10,000; the broadening of the law in hernia cases, the establishment of a Second Injury Fund, and removal of the limitations as to the payment of medical expenses. In 1951 the Act included many additional employments; also, for the first time, Maryland came to be what is known as a non-scheduled State for Occupational Diseases.

Medical Board for Occupational Diseases The Medical Board for Occupational Diseases was established in 1939. The members of the Board are appointed by the Governor, with the approval of the Senate, from a list of nominees submitted by the Deans of the schools of medicine of the University of Maryland and the Johns Hopkins University and by the Council of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland. Each agency submits a list of three persons, two of whom are experienced in occupational diseases, and one of whom is an experienced roentgenologist. Each appointee to the Board must be a licensed physician in good professional standing, two of whom shall have had at least five years practice in the treating, diagnosis, and care of industrial diseases, the third member having been trained in roentgenology and having had five years practice and experience. The term of each member is six years. The Chairman of the Board is designated by the Governor. The Board hears and adjudicates all claims for compensation for disability caused by an occupational disease. The decisions of the Board are subject to review by the Industrial Accident Commission. (Code 1951, Art. 101, secs. 26-28). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $271,250 $292,993 Staff: 59. o

COMMISSIONERS OF THE STATE ACCIDENT FUND Chairman: Thomas W. Offutt, 1958 Joseph D. Weiner, Vice Chairman, 1956; William A. Sullivan, Secre- tary, 1955; Abraham Watner, 1957; C. Rutledge Turner, 1959. ^ Richard K. Coggins, Superintendent M. Katherine Sahm, Administrative Assistant Philip T. McCusker, Attorney to the Board U. Theodore Hayes, Attorney to the Board 31 Light Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-4876 The State Accident Fund, originally a part of the State Industrial Accident Commission, was established as a separate agency in 1941. The State Accident Fund is under the direction of a board of five members appointed by the Governor for a term of five years, the term of one member expiring each year (Code 1951, Art. 101, secs. 69, 70). The Board annually elects its officers. The Board is empowered to make such rules and regulations as may be necessary to administer the Accident Fund. The State Accident Fund is the State’s Work- men’s Compensation Insurance Carrier. Through the fund employers may carry insurance for the payment of claims which may arise from accidents and injuries to the employees as allowed under the Workmen’s Compensation Law. All expenses of the agency are paid 48 MARYLAND MANUAL out of income from premiums paid and interest on fund investment. The State treasury is reimbursed for all expenditures. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $161,718 $189,780 Staff: 25. o DEPARTMENT OF EMPLOYMENT SECURITY EMPLOYMENT SECURITY BOARD Chairman: Robert B. Kimble, 1961 Charles H. Borcherding, Sr., 1959: Charles D. Harris, 1957 Advisory Council: kkrrt^c^ fo, Representing the Public: Loo L. Dopkin, ChairrAan of the Council, William I. Gosnell, 1959 Representing the Employer: Joseph P. Healy, 1958; James E. Hooper, 1961 Representing the Employee: Ralph C. Beard, 1957; Leroy M. Griffin, 1961 Stephen C. Cromwell, Director, Unemployment Compensation Di- vision David L. B. Fringer, Director, Employment Service Division Grafton Lee Brown, Veterans Employment Representative for Maryland 6 N. Liberty Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Mulberry 5-5400

Employment Security Board The Department of Employment Security was established in 1937 (1951 Code, Art. 95A). A three-member Board, the Employment Security Board, is vested with the authority to administer the employment security program in Maryland, having the power to adopt general and special rules and regulations and to sit in a quasi-judicial capacity on appeals involving claims for benefits and appeals arising under the taxing provisions of the Unemployment Compensation Law.

Advisory Council The Governor is empowered to appoint a State advisory council, and the Board is authorized to appoint local advisory councils consisting of an equal number of representatives from the public, the employer and the employee for respective terms of from one year to a number of years equal to the number of persons so to be appointed. The councils are to aid the Board in formulating policies and discussing problems related to administration of the law to insure impartiality in the solution of such problems.

Unemployment Compensation Division This division of the Department in accordance with the policy set by the Board administers the payment of Unemployment Compensa- tion benefits and the collection of the contributions therefor. Contri- butions are collected from employers covered under the Unemploy- ment Compensation Law and weekly benefits are made to eligible individuals, that is, those who have accumulated certain wage credits and have become unemployed through no fault of their own. The law provides for a system of experience rating whereby employers who maintain steady employment are eligible for reductions in the rate of MARYLAND MANUAL 49 contributions. All funds collected under the law are deposited with the Federal Treasury for the credit of the Unemployment Trust Fund of Maryland and may only be used for the payment of benefits (Code 1951 Art. 95A, sec. 13). Employment Service Division The Employment Service Division operates a free public employment service, registering applicants for jobs in all occupational groups and makes the initial contacts between employers and prospective employees. The division provides vocational guidance and counseling services and administers aptitude and proficiency tests when the desirability of such tests is indicated. The division cooperates with other staff departments in developing labor market information, types of positions open, size and type of available labor supply, current wage rates and other related material. The division cooperates with the Governor’s Committee for the Promotion of the Physically Handicapped; the State Veterans Service Committee, and gives preference to qualified veterans for job openings. The Employ- ment Service Division also maintains a special Farm Labor Program for the purpose of recruiting and distributing local and migratory labor for agricultural purposes. Branch Offices The Department operates seventeen field offices throughout the State for the convenience of the public in filing claims for unemployment compensation or for registering for employment. These offices are located in the following cities: Annapolis: 3 Northwest Street Baltimore City: 37-39-41 Hopkins Place 6 N. Liberty Street Cambridge: 101 Race Street Chestertown: Rasin Bldg., High and Court Sts. Crisfield: 225 Main Street Cumberland: 301 S. Mechanic Street Easton: 26 W. Dover Street Elkton: 117 North Street Frederick: W. Church Street Hagerstown: 111 S. Potomac Street Hyattsville: 4214 Gallatin Street Oakland: 13 Alder Street Salisbury: Circle & Division Streets Silver Spring: 933 Pershing Drive Towson: 26 W. Pennsylvania Avenue and 604 York Road Westminster: Times Building Under the terms of the Social Security Act, the Unemployment Compensation Fund is locally administered, while the Federal Govern- ment pays the administrative expenses of the agency. Appropriations 1955 1956 Federal Fund $3,909,395 $4,216,633 Staff: 775. o GOVERNOR’S COMMITTEE TO PROMOTE EMPLOYMENT OF THE PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED Co-Chairmen: David L. B. Fringer, Robert C. Thompson Frank J. Bender, M. L. Breitstein, Charles D. Briddell, 50 MARYLAND MANUAL

Grafton Lee Brown, John H. Fischer, W. L. Limburg, Frank J. Powers, Phillip Robrecht, Nina Russell, Carl Scholtz, Wal- ter Sondheim, Jr., Merrell L. Stout, Chester A. Troy, Anna D. Ward. 6 N. Liberty Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Mulberry 5-5400 The Governor’s Committee to Promote Employment of the Phys- ically Handicapped was established by the Governor in 1947 in response to a request by the President of the United States. It is the purpose of the Committee to coordinate and promote the programs of counselling, training and placement existing among State agencies for the physically handicapped. It is a function of the Committee to create an awareness on the part of the public, particularly employers, of the problems faced by the handicapped in finding employment, and to develop a feeling of responsibility on the part of employers in giving work to these people. The Committee has publi- cized the experience of employers with handicapped workers and endeavors to stimulate public interest in providing suitable facilities for handicapped individuals in the State. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $3,000 $3,000 o STATE COMMISSIONER OF PERSONNEL Russell S. Davis, State Commissioner of Personnel, 1961 Wayne W. Ransom, Assistant to the Commissioner Paul E. Carliner, M.D., Medical Examiner Margaret Dambly Frank, Director, Examination Division Eselyn-Robinsorr Funk, Director, Classification and Com- 7 pensation Division Ruth Engel Hubbard, Supervisor, Merit System Lillian Hoshall Trost, Supervisor, Merit System Light Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Saratoga 7-7000 The State Commissioner of Personnel is the head of the State Merit System which was established in 1920 by act of legislature which is now codified as Article 64A of the Annotated Code of Mary- land (1951 Edition). The Office of State Commissioner of Personnel was established by the Acts of 1953. The position was previously known as Commissioner of State Employment and Registration. The Commissioner, who is appointed by the Governor for a term of six years, is responsible for the administration of the Merit System Law and is empowered to make, with the approval of the Governor, such rules as he deems necessary or proper to that end. The purpose of the _ Merit _ System Law is to provide candidates for appointment to positions in the classified service after determining by practical tests the fitness of such candidates for the positions which they seek, without regard to the political or religious opinions or affiliations of such candidates, or of any other standard except the business efficiency of the classified service, and to provide adequate means for the prompt removal from positions in the classified service of all persons therein who may be indolent, incompetent, inefficient or otherwise unfit to remain therein, and to keep in a workable state the provisions for the promotion of employees as provided in this Article to the end that the same shall be so administered as to attract the best class of candidates to the classified service (Code 1951, Art. 64A, sec. 39). The State Commissioner of Personnel is, therefore, the Chief Personnel Officer for the Classified Service of the State of Maryland, which is presently composed of approximately STATE Employees Standard Salary Board: (See Article 6H, sec. 2h, Code 195S, Supp.) lussell H. -âvis, Ccximissioner of Personnel, Chairman Aeorge Bollinger, Chairman, Baltimore City Service Com- mission, ex-officio Charles D. Harris,'1962 B. Howard Stansbury, 1962. James P. Slicher,is no longer secretary of the Board, see: sec. 2li$c), Art. 6I4A, 19£>6 Code, Supp.) address: 31 light Street, Baltimore 2, Tellphone: Sara toga 7— i'QQQ. pa }£ : • iV. "1; 1 ■ .Mu" i'£' neS) X&J ffiijjiMji ii ^ ^ Mim'y iiW« w ' ' ' ' m&A' ' *' **' '' »-&C S , ;>■ •■ | ^ ,s ..i XX»k?wJi - -fffjC 'vfôrio;- a { •-* ,*••«' ’ L>6 ^4*10*1 , •' • ' 1\, tû ' ’ . v " I. ’ .• ,~ r'-.,-y *• • v'' ,5^X ■■•^^ ‘W ij: J.>-iSv5 s«i,;f y'iivjr' : /,-A. x * •e*"‘X>'- * ^ ii'fcjc itsjo ;4io? ,> j&.. isSy'feiV ^ . *GvCV-V' MARYLAND MANUAL 51B

14,000 employees. His Department is the service agency through which all agencies of the State procure their classified employees. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $271,781 $277,508 Staff: 61. o STATE EMPLOYEES STANDARD SALARY BOARD James A. Downey, 1959; James F. Welsh, 1959; Charles D. Harris, 1959; Willard G. Rouse, 1959; B. Howard Stansbury, 1959. Advisory Members: Joseph O’C. McCusker, Chief Deputy Comptroller; James G. Rennie, Director, Department of Budget and Procurement; Russell S. Davis, State Commis- sioner of Personnel. James P. Slicher, Secretary 318 Light Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-2050 The State Employees Standard Salary Board was established in 1941 and reorganized in 1953. As presently constituted, the Board consists of five members appointed by the Governor for terms of six years. The Chief Deputy Comptroller, the Director of the Depart- ment of Budget and Procurement and the State Commissioner of Personnel serve ex-officio as advisory members of the Board without voting privileges. The Board prepared and recommended to the Governor a pay plan for all classes of positions in both the Classified and Unclassified Service, to the end that all positions in such services involving comparable duties, experience, responsibilities and authority be paid in accordance with the standard schedule. In establishing rates of pay, the State Employees Standard Salary Board gives consideration to experience, the prevailing rates of pay for services performed, and for comparable services in public and private employment, living costs, maintenance, or other benefits received by employees, and the State’s financial condition and policies. The pay plan, as approved by the Governor, has the force of law. Amendments to the plan may, from time to time, be recommended by the Board, and when approved by the Governor have the force of law. Each employee in the Classi- fied and Unclassified Service is paid at one of the rates set forth in the pay plan for the grade or class of position in which he_ is employed. The pay plan is used by the Governor in the preparation of the budget. The Board has the authority to formulate rules and regulations for the administration of the Act. These rules include provisions for automatic increases, from minimum to maximum, of the rates established by the schedule; and, after approval by the Governor, have the force of law (Code 1955 supp., Art. 64A, secs. 24, 25, 27). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $1,600 $1,600 Staff: None. o EMPLOYEES’ RETIREMENT SYSTEM The Board of Trustees: Chairman: Hooper S. Miles, State Treasurer Ex-officio Members: J. Millard Tawes, Comptroller of the Treasury; James G. Rennie, Director, Department of Budget 52 MARYLAND MANUAL and Procurement; Russell S. Davis, State Commissioner of Personnel. Appointed by the Board of Public Works: Albert W. Ward, 1957. Elected by the Members: Ggorge-dil: Gannon, 1957; Walter T. Gough, 1959. John P. Mannion, Director C. W. Barnes, Assistant to the Director 31 Light Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-6169 The Employees’ Retirement System was established in 1941 to provide a plan of retirement and to administer pensions to retired state employees. The System is under the direction of a Board of Trustees of seven members, four of whom are ex-officio; one is appointed by the Board of Public Works for a four-year term, and two are elected for four year terms by the state employees who are members of the Retirement System. Not included within the Retire- ment System are the faculty members of the State teachers colleges, Morgan State College and the University of Maryland who are members of the Teachers’ Retirement System, the uniformed personnel of the Maryland State Police who have their own retirement plan, and certain other groups of State employees as defined by law (Code 1951, Art. 73B). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $3,690,126 $4,905,691 Staff: 9. -o- TEACHERS’ RETIREMENT SYSTEM The Board of Trustees: Chairman: Hooper S. Miles, State Treasurer Ex-officio Members: J. Millard Tawes, Comptroller of the Treasury; Thomas G. Pullen, Jr., State Superintendent of Schools. Elected by the Members: Mary S. Ellis, Willis H. White. John P. Mannion, Director 31 Light Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Saratoga 7-3929 The Teachers’ Retirement System was established in 1927. It is administered by a Board of Trustees of five members, three of whom are ex-officio members and the remaining two are elected by the membership of the retirement system. The system administers the retirement allowances and benefits for the teachers of the State and is responsible for the proper investment and administration of funds entrusted to its care. In addition to the teachers of the public schools of the State, the members of the faculties of the State teachers colleges, the University of Maryland, Morgan State College and St. Mary’s Seminary Junior College are members of the System (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 104-123). Appropriations 1955 1956 (General Funds) County Teachers $4,297,988 $5,068,114 Baltimore City Teachers .... 1,692,669 2,636,324 Supplementation to Teach- ers’ Pensions 260,000 302,078 Expense Fund 40,455 42,664 Total $6,291,112 $8,049,180 Staff: 8. MARYLAND MANUAL 53

STATE POLICE RETIREMENT SYSTEM The Board of Trustees: Ex-officio Members: Chairman: Elmer F. Munshower, Su- perintendent of State Police; J. Millard Tawes, Comptroller of the Treasury; Hooper S. Miles, State Treasurer; James G. Rennie, Director, Department of Budget and Procurement; Appointed Member: Howard M. Bubert, M.D. John P. Mannion, Director 31 Light Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-6169 The State Police Retirement System is administered by a Board of Trustees consisting of the Superintendent of the Department of State Police, the Comptroller of the Treasury, the State Treasurer, the Director of the Department of Budget and Procurement and one member from the enforcement force of the Department of State Police appointed by the Board of Public Works. It is the duty of the Board to prescribe necessary rules and regulations for the operation of the retirement system and to consider applications for disability pensions or retirement (Code 1951, Art. 88B, secs. 48-61). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $103,647 $129,359 Staff: 1. -o-

STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION President: Wendell D. Allen, 1956 Vice-President: Jerome Frampton, Jr., 1957 Mrs. Curtis Walker, 1955; Dwight 0. W. Holmes, 1958; Mrs. Richard Marcus, 1959; William A. Gunter, 1960; Ruth McCormick Tankersley, 1961. Thomas G. Pullen, Jr., Secretary-Treasurer of the Board and State Superintendent of Schools David W. Zimmerman, Assistant State Superintendent in Division of Finance and Research James E. Spitznas, Director, Division of Instruction _ Meric S. Bateman, Director, Division of Certification and Accreditation Helen M. Clark, Director, Division of Library Extension fio^CtvL Robert C. Thompson, Director, Division of Vocational Rehabilitation 2 W. Redwood Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-3071 Although a centralized administration of the public schools of Maryland was attempted in 1865, it was not until 1870 that the State Board of Education was established. The Board, composed of seven members appointed by the Governor for terms of seven years, _ is responsible for the public school system, for the formulation of policy governing education within the State, and for the passage of by-laws and administrative regulations necessary for the governing of the school system (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 2, 5, 14-19, 160). The State Superintendent of Schools is appointed by the State Board of Education for a term of four years. He is responsible for the direction of the State Department of Education, the execution of policy governing the school system, and the enforcement of the administrative regulations adopted by the Board (Code 1951, Art. 77, 54 MARYLAND MANUAL secs. 33, 34). The State Department of Education is composed of the State Superintendent of Schools and the professional staff employed by the Board to assist him in the supervision and direction of the Maryland public schools. The department has six divisions, each with its specific duties to perform. Division of Instruction The Division of Instruction provides leadership in planning and supervising educational programs for young people and adults in the public schools of the State. It plans programs and assists with the education of the handicapped also. Specific aids provided for teachers and pupils include courses of study cooperatively planned, certain types of visual aids, and workshop and consultant service. Division of Vocational Education The Division of Vocational Education is responsible for the supervision of the vocational curricula of the public schools—home economics, agriculture, and industrial arts. In addition the division supervises the school lunch program and renders educational services to industry. The Federal funds granted to the State for these purposes are allocated through the division (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 275-278). Division of Finance and Research The Finance section of this division prepares and, within the Department, administers the annual State public school budget. It maintains budget and accounting records and is responsible for the distribution of funds made available to the local school systems by the State and Federal governments. In addition, this unit provides auditing services and fiscal advice to the State teachers colleges. The Research section is responsible for the compilation of all statistical records which are necessary for the efficient administration of the public school system. The tables are used in the preparation of the annual report covering the operations of the Department which is submitted to the Governor and as a guide to the services which are rendered by this Department relating to planning public school construction, staffing, supervision, and administration. In addition, this unit conducts special statistical studies as they are requested by the State Board of Education or the State Superintendent of Schools and is responsible for the administration of high school equivalence examinations. Division of Certification and Accreditation The Division of Certification and Accreditation is responsible for the certification of the professional and instructional staffs in the public and private schools of the State. All schools and colleges (both public and private) operating in the State are accredited by the division. Leadership in teacher education, the licensing and inspection of trade and vocational schools operating within the State are other responsibilities of the unit (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 20, 95-103).

Division of Library Extension 400 Cathedral Street, Baltimore 1 The Division of Library Extension, established within the State Department of Education by the General Assembly of 1945, exercises MARYLAND MANUAL 55

supervision over school libraries and county libraries operating under the State-aid act of 1945. The division provides direct service of books and periodicals to individuals, groups, or libraries. Professional advice and assistance is available to all school and public libraries through this agency. State funds made available under the Public Libraries Act are administered by the division (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 173-195). Division of Vocational Rehabilitation The Division of Vocational Rehabilitation, established by the Gen- eral Assembly of 1929, is responsible for the administration of the Federal Civilian Rehabilitation Act and the funds provided by it within the State of Maryland. The division provides vocational rehabilitation and placement service to physically handicapped persons. Branch offices are located in Baltimore, Salisbury, Hyattsville, and Hagerstown (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 282-286).

Appropriations 1955 General Special Federal Fund Fund Fund Total State Department $ 628,171 $ 3,600 $ 45,094 $ 676,865 Vocational Rehabilitation.. 325,658 245,000 570,658 State Aid to Education 34,609,900 20,000 1,043,540 35,673,440 Teachers Colleges 2,005,724 336,096 2,341,820

Appropriations 1956 General Special Federal Fund Fund Fund Total State Department $ 699,817 $ 42,559 $ 742,376 Vocational Rehabilitation.. 302,643 323,091 625,734 State Aid to Education 43,229,146 $ 68,460 1,624,137 44,921,743 Teachers Colleges 2,227,077 399,336 2,626,413 These figures do not include the following units: State-aided educational institutions, Maryland Teachers’ Retirement System, and employment of the physically handicapped. Staff: 123. o

STATE TEACHERS COLLEGES BOWIE STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE William E. Henry, Ed.D., President Bowie Telephone: Central 8-2011 The State Teachers College at Bowie is a State-operated school for preparing elementary teachers. Originally established in 1867 as the Baltimore Normal School, a private institution, it was purchased by the State in 1908 and moved to its present location. The college offers a four-year teacher preparation course leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education and a two-year junior college course leading to the degree of Associate in Arts. Students taking the full four-year course pay no tuition if they promise to teach in the public schools of Maryland upon graduation. The approximate enrollment for 1954-55 was 329. 56 MARYLAND MANUAL

Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $297,134 $331,389 Special Fund 91,440 86,624 Totals $388,574 $418,013 Staff: 20. o- COFFIN STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE RtlLutA Miles~fi-.-€e»»er, Ph.D., President 2500 West North Avenue, Baltimore 16 Telephone: Lafayette 3-1111, 3-1112 The State Teachers College of Baltimore (Coppin) was established in 1900 by the Board of School Commissioners of Baltimore City and operated by that body until the State assumed control in 1950. The school provides a four-year curriculum for the training of elementary school teachers and grants the degree of Bachelor of Science in Edu- cation. The enrollment of the school for the 1954-55 term was 287. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $163,645 $189,359 Special Fund 7,980 8,133 Totals $171,625 $197,492 Staff: 15.

FROSTBURG STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE R. Bowen Hardesty, M.A., President Frostburg Telephone: Frostburg 296 The State Teachers College at Frostburg was established in 1902 as a normal school to prepare elementary teachers for Western Maryland schools; it became a full four-year college in 1934. The College offers a standard four-year teachers college course leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education as well as a two-year junior college course. In addition, the College offers, in cooperation with Memorial Hospital in Cumberland, a program in nurses’ training. Students enrolling in the teacher preparation program pay no tuition if they promise to teach two years in the public schools of Mary- land following their graduation. The approximate enrollment for 1954-55 was 451. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $372,115 $418,920 Special Fund 54,950 63,952 Total $427,065 $482,872 Staff: 31. o SALISBURY STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE Wilbur Devilbiss, Ed.D., President Salisbury Telephone: Salisbury 7191 The State Teachers College at Salisbury was established in 1925 as a normal school to prepare elementary teachers. Until 1931 it offered MARYLAND MANUAL 57 a two-year professional course for the training of teachers. In that year the course was lengthened to three years, and in 1934 it was extended to four years. In addition to the four-year curriculum leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education, the College also offers a two-year junior college program. Those pursuing the full four- year program pay no tuition if they promise to teach in the public schools of Maryland for two years following their graduation. The College enrollment for 1954-55 was 337. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $322,142 $348,111 Special Fund 60,700 83,894 Totals $382,842 $432,005 Staff: 23. o-

TOWSON STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE Earle T. Hawkins, Ph.D., President Towson 4 Telephone: Valley 3-7500 The State Teachers College at Towson was established as the Maryland State Normal School by the General Assembly of 1865. The school was originally located in Baltimore and was moved to Towson in 1915. In 1932 the normal school became a four-year teachers’ college. The curriculum includes courses in both junior high school and elementary teaching leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Education. The school also offers a two-year junior college course. Students enrolling in the four-year curriculum for prospective teachers pay no tuition if they promise to teach in the public schools of Maryland following their graduation. The enrollment of the College for the school year 1954-55 was 1,050. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $850,688 $ 939,298 Special Fund 121,026 156,733 Total $971,714 $1,096,031 Staff: 63. o MARYLAND STATE SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF Board of Visitors Charles E. Moylan, President Charles H. Conley, M.D., Vice-President William M. Storm, Secretary Charles McC. Mathias, Treasurer George R. Dennis, Jr.; D. John Markey; Bernard O. Thomas, M.D.; Oscar E. Webb, Jr.; Samuel Marvin Peach; Walter E. Sinn; Wallace Williams; J. Norman Ager; Joseph H. Himes; Joseph D. Baker, Jr.; Floyd J. Carter, J. Tyson Lee; Harry B. Shaw; J. Vincent Jamison, 3rd; Clarence C. Thomas; A. Gordon Boone; Richard L. Steiner; John K. Shaw, Jr.; A. I. Ellin; W. H. B. Anders; C. Newton Kidd; Charles B. Schone; Walter N. Kirkman; Wendell D. Allen. Ignatius Bjorlee, LL.D., Superintendent 242 South Market Street, Frederick Telephone; Monument 3-6411 58 MARYLAND MANUAL

The Maryland State School for the Deaf was established in 1868. The Governor appoints the members of the Board of Visitors for an indefinite term (Acts 1867, ch. 247; 1868, ch. 409; 1880, ch. 19). All scholarships are free to deaf children of the State and including children with a degree of hearing loss which makes it essential that they receive special instructions. The average enrollment over the past ten years has been 155. The aim of the school is to make children with impaired hearing self-supporting members of society. Academic courses extend to the equivalent of junior high school in addition to vocational training for hoys and for girls. Speech and lip reading, aided by the use of multiple hearing aids, is taught to all. The use of individual hearing aids is encouraged, and audio- metric tests are made periodically and form a permanent file. A member of the teaching staff since 1937 has devoted full time to the testing of hearing among public school children throughout the counties of the State. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund .... $255,034 $257,477 Staff: 57. o-

MARYLAND WORKSHOP FOR THE BLIND Chairman and Counsel: John G. Schilpp, 1957 Charles M. See, 1957; Henry P. Irr, 1957; William T. Shackelford, Jr., 1957; Murray T. Donoho, 1957. William S. Ratchford, Secretary and Superintendent 601 N. Fulton Avenue, Baltimore 17 Telephone: Gilmor 5-4566 The Maryland Workshop for the Blind is a State institution, incorporated in 1908. Control is vested in a Board of five Trustees, three of whom are appointed by the Governor, with Senate approval, and two are elected by the Board of Directors of the Maryland School for the Blind. The Workshop is conducted for the training and employment of all adult blind citizens of Maryland. It operates through departments—- Industrial, which manufactures medical items, textile materials, brooms, mops and also chair caning; Home Service, which provides training for the blind in their homes and aids them in their personal adjustment to blindness; and the Vending Stand Department which licenses and establishes vending stands in many of the public buildings of the State. In addition to these services, the Workshop is a distributing agent for the U. S. Government owned talking book machines and provides white canes, without charge, to blind persons (Code 1951, Code 1955, Art. 30, secs. 6-8, 10, 11). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund .... $57,973 $96,059 o- UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND AND STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE The Board of Regents and State Board of Agriculture ku Chairman: William P. Cole, Jr., 1958 Mis.1 John'L. WbttefrTrrst;—1966; Charles P. McCormick, MARYLAND MANUAL 59

1957; Harry H. Nuttle, 1957; Edward F. Holter, 1959; Ed- mund S. Burke, 1959; B. Herbert Brown, 1960; Enos S. Stock- bridge, 1960; Louis L. Kaplan, 1961; C. Ewing Tuttle, 1962; T. B. Symons, 1963. Wilson H. Elkins, Ph.D., President and Chief Administra- tive Officer H. F. Cotterman, Ph.D., Dean of the Faculty Gordon M. Cairns, Ph.D., Dean of Agriculture Leon P. Smith, Ph.D., Dean of College of Arts and Sciences i John T. Williams, Ed.D., President, Maryland State College Joseph R. Ambrose, Col., USAF, Dean of College of Military Science and Tactics J. Freeman Pyle, Ph.D., Dean of College of Business and Public Administration Vacancy—Dean of College of Education S. S. Steinberg, B.E., C.E., Dean of College of Engineering and Aeronautical Sciences Ronald A. Bamford, Ph.D., Dean of Graduate School M. Marie Mount, M.A., Dean of College of Home Economics Lester M. Fraley, Ph.D., Dean of College of Physical Edu- cation, Recreation and Health Ray W. Ehrensberger, Ph.D., Dean of College of Special and Continuation Studies Myron S. Aisenberg, D.D.S., Dean of School of Dentistry Roger Howell, LL.B., Ph.D., Dean of School of Law William S. Stone, M.D., Ph.D., Dean of School of Medicine Florence M. Gipe, Ed.D., R.N., Dean of School of Nursing Noel E. Foss, Ph.D., Dean of School of Pharmacy Clifford G. Blitch, M.D., Director, University Hospital Paul E. Nystrom, Ph.D., Director of Extension Service Irvin C. Haut, Ph.D., Director of Agricultural Experiment Station W. J. Huff, Ph.D., D.Sci., Director of Engineering Experi- ment Station -Vacancy—Director of Instruction, College of Agriculture Geary F. Eppley, M.S., Dean of Men, Director of Student Welfare (UJ- Adele H. Stamp, M.A., Dean of Women Edgar F. Long, Ph.D., Dean of Students Charles L. Benton, M.S., C.P.A., Director of Finance and Business Howard Rovelstad, M.A., B.S.L.S., Director of Libraries G. Watson Algire, Director of Admissions and Registration Harry A. Bishop, M.D., Medical Director George W. Fogg, M.A., Director of Personnel George 0. Weber, B.S., Director of Physical Plant Frank K. Haszard, B.F.S., Director of Procurement and Supply College Park Telephone: Warfield 7-3809 Lombard and Greene Streets, Baltimore 1 Telephone Plaza 2-1100 University Hospital Telephone: Lexington 9-0320- 60 MARYLAND MANUAL

The University The University of Maryland is the State university and the “Land- Grant” institution of Maryland. The present University of Maryland is the result of the merger of the former privately owned University of Maryland located in Balti- more with the former Maryland State College at College Park. The first institution was founded in 1807 as the College of Medicine of Maryland. In 1812 the General Assembly passed an act enabling the College of Medicine to enlarge its curriculum and changed its name to the University of Maryland. Subsequently, faculties of law (1823), dentistry (1882), nursing (1889), and pharmacy (1904) were added. The Maryland State College was founded as the Maryland Agricul- tural College, a private institution at College Park, in 1856. This school became the beneficiary of the Land-Grant Act of 1862. In 1914, the State assumed complete control of the school and in 1916 a new charter, which renamed the school as the Maryland State College, was granted by the State Legislature. The General Assembly consolidated the University of Maryland and the Maryland State College in 1920 and gave the name University of Maryland to the new school. The University is under the administration of a Board of Regents consisting of eleven members appointed by the Governor for a term of nine years. The Board appoints the President of the University who also serves as chief administrative officer of the Board. The Board of Regents has the power within the limits prescribed by law to issue revenue bonds for the purpose of erecting dormitories and other student housing facilities, student union buildings (at College Park and Baltimore) and a combination physical education and audi- torium building. Such bonds are to be issued directly by the Regents. The payment of the principal and interest of the bonds are to be met from revenue realized from the use of the buildings (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 241-251). The main campus of the University is located at College Park. Instruction is given here in the undergraduate and graduate courses of the College of Agriculture, College of Military Science and Tactics, College of Arts and Sciences, College of Business and Public Admin- istration, College of Education, College of Engineering and Aeronau- tical Sciences, College of Home Economics and the College of Physi- cal Education, Recreation and Health. Also located at College Psh-k are the Graduate School, the Summer School and the offices of the College of Special and Continuation Studies.

Professional Schools The professional schools of the University of Maryland comprising the schools of Dentistry, Law, Medicine, Nursing and Pharmacy, together with the University Hospital, are located in Baltimore at Lombard and Greene Streets. The College of Special and Continua- tion Studies also offers courses here.

Maryland State College—Division of the University of Maryland John T. Williams, Ed.D., President Princess Anne Telephone: Princess Anne 780 The Maryland State College, Division of the University of Mary- land, (formerly Princess Anne College) is the Land-Grant college of MARYLAND MANUAL 61

Maryland for Negroes. Courses leading to a bachelor’s degree are offered in agriculture, home economics, industrial and mechanic arts and the liberal arts and sciences.

State Board of Agriculture The Board of Regents of the University of Maryland acts as the State Board of Agriculture. As such, it has the authority to enforce the laws of the State relating to agriculture, to pass such regulatory measures as it deems necessary and to administer the State and Federal funds made available for agricultural purposes (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 46-60). Extension Service The Extension Service was established by Federal and State laws in 1914. The service is represented in each county of the State by a County Agricultural Agent and a Home Demonstration Agent. The Extension Service is supported by Federal, State and county funds. Scientific and economic agricultural information for rural people, assistance in promoting better marketing conditions, cooperation with rural groups and associations and the encouragement of the marketing of home supplies by rural women are all a part of the work of the Extension Service. In addition to work with adults, the agency works with rural boys and girls through the 4-H clubs. Short courses in various fields are also conducted by the service (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 56, 57).

Agricultural Experiment Station The Agricultural Experiment Station was established in 1888. It is an enterprise of the State with extensive Federal grants. The work of the station centers at laboratories located at College Park where studies of insects and diseases, soil fertility, botanical and other problems are undertaken. The livestock and dairy barns with their experimental herds are also located at College Park. Research in soil fertility, plant breeding and general horticultural problems is conducted at a plant research farm located near Beltsville. An experimental farm, located near Upper Marlboro, is given over to the problems of tobacco growing and curing. Near Ellicott City, there is a farm which is devoted to livestock problems. Research in the problems of broiler producers and the growing of various vegetable crops is conducted at a farm near Salisbury (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 58-60). Maryland State Department of Markets The State Department of Markets was established in 1924. It operates as an agent of the State Board of Agriculture under State laws and the Federal Research and Marketing Act. It functions in four fields: (1) Extension Education, (2) Marketing Services, (3) Statistical and (4) Regulatory. The activities of the Depart- ment include grading and inspection services, market price reporting, market surveys, a marketing information and service program, extension marketing and consumer information. The agency is responsible for the enforcement of the following laws: (1) The Maryland Apple Grading Law, (2) The Maryland Fresh Egg and Egg Grading Law, (3) The Poultry Sale and Trans- portation Law, (4) The Cantaloupe Maturity Law, (5) The Agri- 62 MARYLAND MANUAL cultural Trademark Law, and (6) The grading and inspection laws (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 65-83, 104-110; Art. 48, secs. 157-163, 181-186; Art. 97, secs. 37-61). The Department is also authorized by law to perform certain functions concerning the inspection and regulation of weights and measures (Code 1951, Art. 97, secs. 4-12). State Inspection and Regulatory Service The State Inspection and Regulatory Service is responsible for the enforcement of the State Laws relating to feed, fertilizer, agricultural liming material and agricultural insecticides and fungicides. These laws are classified as the “Correct Labeling Acts”. The agency’s work in the enforcement of these laws is divided into five parts: (1) registration of brand names, (2) collection of samples, (3) chemical analysis and examination of samples, (4) publication of results of tests and (5) prosecution of violators (Code 1951, Art. 48, secs. 123- 148; Art. 66C, secs. 462-476).

Seed Inspection Service The Seed Inspection Service was established in 1912. The Service is responsible for the enforcement of the seed laws of the State. The agency inspects, analyzes, tests, and examines seed samples collected by it or submitted to it for examination. The unit also cooperates with the United States Department of Agriculture in the enforcement of the Federal Seed Act (Code 1951, Art. 48, secs. 149-156). State Department of Drainage The State Department of Drainage was established in 1937. It is responsible for the promotion and encouragement of drainage of agricultural lands; the correlation of activities of local drainage organizations and cooperation with State and Federal agencies in the development of a permanent program of improved drainage (Code 1951, Art. 66C, sec. 64). Dairy Inspection Service The Dairy Inspection Service was established in 1935. It is responsible for the administration of the dairy inspection laws. Dealers purchasing milk and cream from producers as well as all persons sampling, weighing and testing milk and cream are licensed by the agency. The service inspects all scales and weigh tanks and cali- brates glassware used in the testing of milk and cream (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 542-555). Live Stock Sanitary Service The Live Stock Sanitary Service was established in 1916 succeeding the Live Stock Sanitary Board. The agency is charged with the responsibility for preventing the introduction of diseases of animals or poultry from outside the State and the control and eradication of such diseases within the State. The service is further responsible in cooperation with the State Department of Health for the suppression of diseases of animals or poultry which affect the public health. Fa- cilities for the diagnosis of diseases are furnished at the main laboratory at College Park and in the branch laboratories located at Bal- timore, Centreville, Frederick, Hagerstown and Salisbury (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 408-461). MARYLAND MANUAL 63

Appropriations—1956 General Special Federal Program Fund Fund Fund Total Administration $ 452,737 $ 409,337 $ $ 862,074 Libraries 145,111 83,420 228,531 Educational Services College Park 2,093,448 937,957 77,869 3,109,274 Agricultural Research 587,408 100,393 171,359 859,160 Agricultural Services and Control 495,107 130,647 625,754 Professional Schools .. 741,716 818,144 1,559,860 University Hospital .... 1,898,266 2,641,600 4,539,866 Physical Plant Maintenance and Operation 1,547,025 118,393 1,665,418 Maryland State College 575,293 193,784 15,499 784,576 Teachers Retirement- 624,237 624,237 Totals $10,985,165 $5,685,822 $589,803 $16,260,790

Appropriations 1956 General Special Federal Program Fund Fund Fund Totals Administration $ 524,258 $ 489,587 $ $ 1,013,845 Libraries 164,087 109,391 273,478 Educational Services College Park 2,136,760 1,303,852 77,873 3,518,485 Agricultural Research 612,248 176,788 199,654 988,690 Agricultural Extension 913,538 295,550 403,770 1,612,858 Agricultural Services and Control 601,058 193,677 794,735 Professional Schools .. 1,025,666 898,626 1,924,292 University Hospital .... 2,112,454 3,120,722 5,233,176 Physical Plant Maintenance and Operation 1,731,651 128,493 1,860,144 Maryland State College ; 597,301 193,784 15,499 806,584 Teachers Retirement- 827,303 827,303 Totals $11,246,324 $6,910,470 $696,796 $18,953,590

MORGAN STATE COLLEGE The Board of Trustees: Chairman: Carl J. Murphy, 1963 Carrington L. Davis, 1956; Josiah F. Henry, Jr., 1957; Bliss Forbush, 1958; Ivan E. McDougle, 1959; Willard W. Allen, 1960; Richard W. Emory, 1961; L. Manuel Hendler, 1962; E. Dale Adkins, 1964. Martin D. Jenkins, Ph.D., President James H. Carter, A.B., Assistant to the President George C. Grant, M.A., Dean Edgar D. Draper, M.P.A., Business Manager 64 MARYLAND MANUAL J. Arnett Frisby, Jr., M.M.A., Comptroller Edward N. Wilson, A.B., Registrar Hillen Rd. at Arlington Ave., Baltimore 12 Telephone: Clifton 4-6870 Morgan State College was organized under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1867, as the Centenary Biblical Insti- tute. The school remained under church jurisdiction until its purchase by the State of Maryland in 1939. The name of the school was changed to Morgan College in 1890 in honor of Dr. Lyttleton Morgan whose gift of a large sum of money to the institution enabled it to offer academic work on a collegiate level. The College moved to its present location on Hillen Road in 1917 from its former location on Edmondson Avenue, Baltimore. Morgan State College is under the direction of a Board of Trustees of nine members, appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate for terms of nine years, the term of one member expiring each year. The administration of the College is vested in the President who is appointed by the Board of Trustees (Code 1951, Art. 65A). Morgan State College is an institution of higher learning devoting its primary efforts to the training of prospective teachers for the junior and senior high schools, and the preparation of students for entrance to graduate and professional schools. It also offers courses for women in homemaking and prepares students for employment in recreational and leisure-time activities through its departments of music, drama, and physical education. Through courses in commerce, training is given to students looking forward to careers in business. In order to perform these functions the College operates in three divisions: (1) The College which is at the campus on Hillen Road offers a standard four-year course in the liberal arts and teacher training; (2) The Summer School, which meets at the Hillen Road campus for six weeks each summer and is designed primarily to offer “in-service-training” to teachers in Maryland schools; (3) The Evening School which is operated in cooperation with the Department of Education of the City of Baltimore; courses are given each evening throughout the academic year at Douglass High School and in various county centers providing an opportunity for youth and adults to secure instruction on the college level and to provide “in-service- training” to teachers in the Baltimore area. During the academic year 1953, Morgan had a gross enrollment in all divisions of 2,430, with 1,872 regular students, 175 evening students, and 383 summer students. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $1,236,131 $1,303,251 Special Fund 543,450 601,516 Total $1,779,581 $1,904,777 Staff: Professional and Faculty 113 Classified Service 138 Total 251 ■o STATE SCHOLARSHIPS FOR NEGROES Edward N. Wilson, Secretary Morgan State College, Baltimore 12 Telephone: Clifton 4-6870 The first State scholarships fund for Negroes was established in 1933 when the Commission on Higher Education for Negroes received MARYLAND MANUAL 65 an appropriation for this purpose. Since 1939, the fund has been administered by the Board of Trustees of Morgan State College. It is the purpose of the fund to render financial assistance to qualified Negroes of the State for the pursuit of professional and graduate studies not available to them in this State. Three grants are made each year—first semester, second semester, and summer semester. No new grants are being made from this fund, and all scholarship awards will terminate June 1958. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $150,000 $150,000 Stalf: 1. The Secretary of the State Scholarship committee is the Registrar of Morgan State College and his salary is paid from appropriations to the College. -o- ST. MARY’S SEMINARY JUNIOR COLLEGE Board of Trustees President: R. Bascom Broun, Jr., 1959 Agnes C. Sasscer, 1961; C. Ethelbert Abell, 1961; Mrs. Felix Boone, 1961; George L. Radcliffe, 1957; L. J. Sothoron, 1957; Edward Early, 1959; Mrs. George L. Ewalt, Jr., 1959; William Aleck Loker, 1959. May Russell, President St. Mary’s City Telephone: Great Mills 1 St. Mary’s Seminary Junior College was chartered in 1839 to com- memorate the two-hundredth anniversary of the founding of Mary- land. The school is governed by a Board of Trustees of twelve members appointed by the Governor for terms of six years. The school is a four-year junior college; the curriculum covering the last two years of high school and the first two years of college. The State has established twenty-nine four-year scholarships, one for each county and each Legislative District of Baltimore City. The scholarships are awarded annually on a basis of need after an examination by the county Board of Education or the Board of School Commis- sioners of Baltimore City (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 240, 252). The 1954-55 enrollment was 100. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $121,892 $126,771 Special Fund 52,130 60,800 Totals $174,022 $187,571 Staff: 34. o THE ANATOMY BOARD OF MARYLAND Chairman: Eduard Uhlenhuth, Ph.D., University of Maryland Medical School Vice Chairman: Allan L. Grafflin, M.D., The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Frank H. J. Figge, Ph.D., University of Maryland Medi- cal School; Elbert B. Ruth, Ph.D., The Johns Hopkins Uni- versity School of Medicine. Mary Frampton Christis, Secretary 29 South Greene Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Plaza 2-1100 66 MARYLAND MANUAL

The Anatomy Board is an ex-officio body composed of the heads of the anatomy departments of the University of Maryland Medical School and The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and one additional instructor of anatomy from each of the medical schools. The purpose of the agency is to insure the fair distribution of bodies to qualified medical schools. These bodies are of deceased persons required to be buried at public expense. Such bodies are used only for the promotion of medical science within the State of Maryland. If, however, the body is claimed for burial by relatives, it is surrendered for interment (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 156-159). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $1,500 $1,500 Staff: 1

STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH State Board of Health /7tT' ' J) Chairman: Robert H. R4ley,'~M.Dt7~Dr. F.H. Huntington Williams, M.D., Dr. P.H., Commissioner of Health, Baltimore City A. Austin Pearre, M.D., 1961; A. L. Penniman, Jr., C. E., 1961; Lloyd N. Richardson, Phar.D., 1957; Ralph J. Young, M.D., 1957; George M. Anderson, D.D.S., 1959; Maurice Pincoffs, M.D., 1959. Robert-H. Riley,- M.D., Drr-PHLy-TlireetoT 'n ^ Q i Perry F: Prather, M.D., Deputy Director - V. L.T Ellicott, M.D.,m n Dr.nF'pfl P.H. Chief,rwr Bureau of^ ivro,u„oiMedical J) AAJitJ-irY- Services and Hospitals Edward—Davens, M.D., Chief, Bureau of Preventive Medicine Leon H. Hetherington, M.D., Chief, Bureau of Tuberculosis C. A. Perry, Sc.D., Chief, Bureau of Laboratories Robert M. Brown, M.P.H., Chief, Bureau of Environmental Hygiene Clemens W. Gaines, Chief, Bureau of Management 2411 North Charles Street, Baltimore 18 Telephone: Belmont 5-4280 The State Department of Health, established in 1874, is governed by the State Board of Health. The Board is composed of the Director of the Department, who_ also serves as chairman, the Commissioner of Health of Baltimore City, and six members appointed by the Gov- ernor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, to serve for terms of six years (Code 1951, Art. 43, sec. 1). The Department of Health serves the State through twenty-three sanitary districts organized along county lines. Each county health department is in charge of a health officer who serves as the Deputy State Health Officer for his district. For regulatory purposes the Montgomery County Council and the Board of County Commissioners in each of the other counties serves ex-officio as the county board of health (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 6-10, 45-52). The State Board of Health has broad and inclusive powers over health and hygiene matters of the State. These functions and respon- 1 To retire December 31, 1955. Dr. Perry F. Prather, present Deputy Director, will become Director. MARYLAND MANUAL 67 sibilities include: collection, study and publication of communicable disease data; laboratory analysis of water, sewage, trade wastes, milk products, food, drugs, and other materials that may be responsible for the transmission of infectious diseases; examination and supervision of public and private water supply, sewage disposal, ventilation, heat and lighting in public institutions and control of nuisances; registration, tabulation and publication of vital statistics (including birth, death and marriage records); study of the causes of death and illness among mothers and young children and provisions of services for mothers and children; administration of a medical care program for indigent and medically indigent residents of Maryland’s counties; operation of the hospitals placed under the Board’s jurisdiction; investigation of complaints made by physicians or affected citizens; licensing of midwives; laboratory testing of food and drug specimens to assure compliance with laws prohibiting adulteration and mis- branding and prosecution of violators (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 32-44). To carry out these duties the Board of Health established within the Department seven bureaus, as follows: Office of the Deputy Director, including divisions of Local Health Services, Vital Records and Statistics, Public Health Nursing, and Communicable Disease Control; Bureau of Laboratories; Bureau of Preventive Medicine, including divisions of Maternal and Child Health, Crippled Children and Heart Disease Control, Dental Health, Venereal Disease Control, Mental Hygiene, and Alcohol Studies; Bureau of Tuberculosis; Bureau of Medical Services and Hospitals, including divisions of Chronic Illness Hospitals, Home Medical Care, Hospital Services and Cancer Control; Bureau of Environmental Hygiene, including divisions of Sanitary Engineering, Industrial Health and Air Pollution, Food Con- trol, Drug Control, Bedding and Upholstery and a Home Accident Prevention Unit; and a Bureau of Management. The Executive Office consists of an advisor, a consultant in Public Health Administration, a public relations assistant and an administrative assistant.

•o

TUBERCULOSIS HOSPITALS VICTOR F. CULLEN STATE HOSPITAL I. B. Lyon, M.D., Superintendent State Sanatorium (Frederick County) Telephone: Highfield 301 This institution was established in 1908, formerly known as. the State Sanatorium, the name was changed by the Board of Public Works in 1949. The hospital provides for the care of patients in all stages of tuberculosis; the number of beds is 359. Staff: 274

HENRYTON STATE HOSPITAL Thomas F. Vestal, M.D., Superintendent Sykesville (Carroll County) Telephone: Sykesville 175 This hospital was established in 1923. It provides for the care of 425 colored patients in all stages of tuberculosis. Staff: 280. 68 MARYLAND MANUAL

MOUNT WILSON STATE HOSPITAL William Newcomer, M.D., Superintendent Mount Wilson (Baltimore County) Telephone: Hunter 6-7676 Mount Wilson was established in 1925. It provides for the care of 500 patients in all stages of tuberculosis. Staff: 361. PINE BLUFF STATE HOSPITAL Seth H. Hurdle, M.D., Acting Superintendent Salisbury (Wicomico County) Telephone: Salisbury 6503 Pine Bluff State Hospital, also known as the Eastern Shore Branch was established in 1928. It provides for the care of sixty-five patients. Staff: 34. o CHRONIC DISEASE HOSPITALS DEER’S HEAD STATE HOSPITAL Salisbury (Wicomico County) Telephone: Salisbury 22164 Deer’s Head State Hospital is the first unit of three to be con- structed for the care of indigent chronic disease patients in Maryland. It is operated under the supervision of the Bureau of Medical Services and Hospitals. The capacity of the hospital is 284. Staff: 185.

MONTEBELLO STATE HOSPITAL James A. McCallum, M.D., M.P.H., Superintendent Baltimore 12, Maryland Telephone: Hopkins 7-8565 Montebello is the second of three units to be established for the care of indigent chronic disease patients in Maryland. It is operated under the supervision of the Bureau of Medical Services and Hospi- tals. It has a bed capacity of 202. Staff: 153.

Appropriations—1955 General Special Federal Fund Fund Fund Total Headquarters f 1,551,447 $ 93,459 $ 335,862 $ 1,980,768 Local Health Operation 942,579 341,350 561,610 1,845,539 Administration and Services 2,494,026 434,809 897,472 3,826,307 Medical Services and Hospitals 4,225,860 4,225,860 Survey & Construction Medical Facilities 43,217 6,520 957,924 1,007,661 Chronic Disease Hospitals 1,302,801 1,302,801 Tuberculosis Hospitals 3,653,773 3,653,773 Total $11,719,677 $441,329 $1,855,396 $14,016,402 MARYLAND MANUAL 69 Appropriations—1956 Headquarters $ 1,642,026 $ 83,486 $ 331,827 2,057,339 Local Health Operation 1,008,581 346,954 550,109 1,905,644 Administration and Services 2,650,607 430,440 881,936 3,962,983 Medical Services and Hospitals 5,165,259 5,165,259 Survey & Construction Medical Facilities 47,663 2,427 957,924 1,008,014 Chronic Disease Hospitals 1,308,327 1,308,327 Tuberculosis Hospitals 3,582,680 3,582,680 Total $12,754,536 $432,867 $1,839,860 $15,027,263 o COUNCIL OF MEDICAL CARE Chairman: Page Jett, M.D., the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty J. T. Marsh, M.D., the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty; Robert H. Riley, M.D., Dr. P. H., Director of the State De- partment of Health; J. W. Bird, M.D., State Board of Health; Alan M. Chesney, M.D., The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; J. Edmund Bradley, M.D., The University of Maryland School of Medicine; Harvey Weiss, Maryland-D.C.- Delaware Hospital Association; Thomas J. S. Waxter, State Department of Public Welfare; George Hardy, D.D.S., Mary- land State Dental Association; Ethel Turner, R.N., Maryland State Nurses Association; Clifton T. Perkins, M.D., Com- missioner of Mental Hygiene; Walter E. Albrecht, Mary- land Pharmaceutical Association; Douglass Shepperd, M.D., Maryland Medical Association. The Council on Medical Care is composed of fourteen members chosen as follows: two appointed by the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty, two appointed by the State Board of Health, one of whom is a representative of the State Department of Health; one member each from the faculties of the medical schools of the University of Maryland and The Johns Hopkins University, named by the governing body of the respective medical schools; one Maryland hospital administrator named by the Maryland-District of Columbia Hospital Asso- ciation; one member of the State Dental Association as named by its governing body; one nurse appointed by the directors of the State Nurses Association; one member appointed by the executive board of the Maryland Medical Association; one member appointed by the governing body of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association, the Commissioner of Mental Hygiene, the Director of the State Depart- ment of Welfare, and the Superintendent of the State tuberculosis hospitals. The term of each member is for two years. The Council advises the Department of Health in the formulation of policies in regard to the administration of the medical care program (Code 1951, Art. 43, sec. 42c). o ADVISORY BOARD ON HOSPITAL LICENSING Chairman: Winford H. Smith, M.D., 1958 William L. Galvin, 1959; J. Oliver Purvis, M.D., 1959; 70 MARYLAND MANUAL. . iqbi Eugene J. Lefritz, 1955; WiR«(ik-Jftr-Nefcle, M.D., I. Ridgeway Trimble, M.D., 1957; P. J. McMillin, 1957. The Advisory Board on Hospital Licensing was established in 1945. It consists of seven members appointed by the Governor for a term of five years. The Board recommends and assists the Department of Health in the establishment of minimum standards for the licensing of hospitals within the State (Code 1951, Art. 43, sec. 525). o 2 JJ -7 ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HOSPITAL CONSTRUCTION f. rpAlblfL Refeort-H;- Rtfey, M.D., Dr. P.H., Director, State Depart- ment of Health; Clifton T. Perkins, M.D., Commissioner of Mental Hygiene; Huntington Williams, M.D., Dr. P.H., Com-

and advise with the Board of Health in the administration of a State plan of Hospital Construction under the terms of the Hill-Burton Act (Code 1951, Art. 43, see. 528). o MINERS HOSPITAL Board of Directors Appointed by the Governor: Chairman: W. O. McLean, M.D., 1959; A. Charles Stewart, 1959; Verl Ash, 1957; John Stewart, 1957. Elected by the Board: Michael J. Byrnes, 1955; Walter J. Mackey, 1955; Harry Teter, 1955. Mary T. Howie, R.N., Superintendent 54 Tarn Terrace, Frostburg Telephone: Frostburg 275 Miners Hospital, established in 1912, is governed by a Board of Trustees of seven members, four of whom are appointed by the Governor for terms of four years; three members are elected by the Board for two-year terms (Acts 1912, ch. 441). The Hospital, founded originally for the purpose of providing hospital facilities to miners and their families, today serves as a general hospital for the residents of Frostburg and vicinity. The capacity of the hospital is 77 beds. During the fiscal year 1954, the hospital served a total of 1,359 patients. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $110,467 $133,735 Special Fund 119,000 120,000 Total $229,467 $253,735 Staff: 56. MARYLAND MANUAL 71

STATE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE Board of Public Welfare Chairman: W. Thomas Kemp, Jr., 1959 Sanford V. Larkey, M.D., 1957; Mrs. Albert F. Metzger, 1957; Joseph Meyerhoff, 1957; Lee L. Dopkin, 1959; Herbert R. O’Conor, Jr., 1959; Henry C. Evans, 1961; Howard H. Murphy, 1961; Kenneth Jones, 1961. Thomas J. S. Waxter, Director Elizabeth G. Smith, Assistant Director 120 West Redwood Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-0050 The State Department of Public Welfare is the central, coordinating and directing agency of all welfare activities in the State, including aid to dependent children, old age assistance, public assistance to the needy blind, aid to the permanently and totally disabled, child welfare services and any other welfare activities, financed in whole or in part by the State or Federal government. The Governor is authorized to designate the Chairman of the Board, and to arrange the terms of the members so that they will hold office for staggered terms of six years, the terms of three members expiring on June 1st of every second year (Code 1951, Art. 88A, secs. 2, 3). In each county there is a County Welfare Board, constituting an administrative department of the local government, with authority to administer under the supervision, direction and control of the State Department, the welfare activities within each county, including the care of neglected, dependent and delinquent children. Each County Board consists of six persons, who are appointed for six-year terms by the Board of County Commissioners. Each year the County Com- missioners designate one of their members to serve on the Welfare Board (Code 1951, Art. 88A, secs. 13, 14). The duties of the Department include the investigation of the system of public and private institutions, organizations and agencies of a charitable nature in the State, including those which receive part of their income from the State, except those placed by law under the supervision of another State agency. Prior to the convening of each regular session of the General Assembly, the Director furnishes to the Governor a report which includes activities of the Department, the conditions of all charitable institutions, organizations, and agencies, excepting hospitals, receiving financial aid from the State, and recommendations as to appropriations (Code 1951, Art. 88A, sec. 3). All monies appropriated to institutions, organizations, and agencies, excepting hospitals, are paid on a per capita basis at the rates, and subject to the rules and regulations, established by the State Board of Public Welfare (Code 1951, Art. 88A, sec. 10). The Department administers the child care laws with regard to the placement of children in this State. It licenses agencies and institutions having the care and custody of minors (Code 1951, Art. 88A, secs. 19-31). The State Department of Public Welfare is responsible for the supervision, direction and control of the four State training schools. In developing the program within each training school, including provision for after-care supervision, the Department establishes rules and regulations, standards of care, policies of admission, transfer and discharge, and may order changes in the policies, conduct or management of the four State training schools. Subject to these limitations, each of the schools is under the general management of 72 MARYLAND MANUAL

its Board of Managers. The Governor appoints nine members for staggered terms of six years, so arranged that the terms of at least three members expire every two years (Code 1951, Art. 88A, secs. 32-37).

Appropriations—1955 General Local Federal Fund Fund Fund Total State Department Administration $ 148,158 $ ? 58,084 206,242 Local Department Administration 1,634,685 555,197 673,953 2,863,835 Child Welfare Bureau 96,131 96,131 Old Age Assistance.. 1,136,544 945^048 3,559’296 5,640,888 Aid to Dependent Children 1,800,640 504,000 3,697,380 6,002,020 Public Assistance to Needy Blind 13,540 99,500 171,288 284,328 Aid to Permanently & Totally Disabled .... 484,534 480,534 1,368,012 2,333,080 General Public Assistance 647,664 647,664 1,295,328 General Public Assistance to Employables 38,689 38,689 77,378 Boarding Care for Children 943,968 943,968 1,887,936 Totals $6,944,553 $4,214,600 $9,528,013 $20,687,166

Appropriations—1956 General Local Federal Fund Fund Fund Total State Department Administration .... $ 162,802 $ 74,635 237,437 Local Department Administration .... 1,609,821 619,162 866,826 3,095,809 Child Welfare Bureau 95,482 95,482 Old Age Assistance 1,218,288 964,812 3,573,372 5,756,472 Aid to Dependent Children 2,170,944 540,000 4,774,776 7,485,720 Public Assistance to Needy Blind 17,352 101,280 170,820 289,452 Aid to Permanently & Totally Disabled .. 594,540 594,540 2,827,440 General Public Assistance 715,176 715,176 1,430,352 General Public Assistance to Employables 65,000 65,000 130,000 Boarding Care for Children 1,062,528 1,062,528 2,125,056 Totals 7,711,933 $4,662,498 $11,098,789 $23,473,220 Staff: State Office 58 Local Welfare Departments 818 MARYLAND MANUAL 73

BOYS’ VILLAGE OF MARYLAND Board of Managers President: William E. Henry, 1958 Charles E. Cornish, 1956; Joseph H. Neal, 1956; Thomas A. Pitts, 1956; J. Russell Williams, 1956; Robert G. Maguire, 1958; Violet Hill Whyte, 1958; Herman R. Curtis, 1959. Lawson J. Veney, Superintendent Cheltenham (Prince George’s County) Telephone: Fairview 2-3711 This institution was established in 1870 as the House of Reforma- tion for Colored Boys. In 1937, when the property was purchased by the State, it became known as the Cheltenham School for Boys. The present name was adopted in 1949 by legislative authority (Acts 1949, Ch. 692). The school provides for the care and training of delinquent colored boys. During the fiscal year 1954 care was provided for a total of 469 boys committed to the school and 263 boys who were detained at the institution. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $702,261 $740,015 Staff: 111.

MARYLAND TRAINING SCHOOL FOR BOYS Board of Managers President: Henry S. Barrett, 1961 J. Morris Reese, 1961; Ralph L. Thomas, 1961; John Fischer, 1957; Lawrason Riggs of J., 1957; Paul K. Hamp- shire, 1959; William A. Graham, 1959; Dorothy Falconer, 1959. Elbert L. Fletcher, Superintendent (Baltimore County) Telephone: Valley 3-7222 This institution was established in 1851 as the House of Refuge; when purchased by the State in 1918, the present name was adopted. The school provides for the care and training of delinquent white boys. During the fiscal year 1954 care was provided for a total of 716 boys committed to the school and 460 who were detained at the institution. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $829,029 $856,780 Staff: 157.

BARRETT SCHOOL FOR GIRLS Board of Managers President: W. Emerson Brown, 1957 Victorine Quille Adams, 1956; Eugene T. Byrd, 1956; Lillian A. Lottier, 1956; Anita R. Williams, 1957; Bertha Winston, 1957; F. J. Frey, 1958; Ethel Harris, 1958; Vernon F. Greene, 1958. Grenfell Prior, Superintendent Glen Burnie (Anne Arundel County) Telephone: Glen Burnie 154 This school was established in 1883 as the Industrial School for Girls. The school was purchased by the State in 1934 and the name 74 MARYLAND MANUAL

changed to the Maryland Training School for Colored Girls. The 1949 General Assembly authorized the adoption of the present name (Acts 1949, ch. 314). The school provides for the care and education of delinquent colored girls. During the fiscal year 1954 care was provided for a total of 140 girls committed to the school and 23 girls who were detained at the institution. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $209,675 $208,466 Staff: 42. • o MONTROSE SCHOOL FOR GIRLS Board of Managers President: Wallace Reidt, 1959 Mrs. Adolph Guttmacher, 1957; Granville H. Hibherd, 1957; Mrs. W. David Tilghman, 1957; Mrs. William V. Elder, 1959; Mrs. Frank A. Kaufman, 1959; Mrs. Harold Donnell, 1961; Mrs. Carlyle Montayne, 1961. Margaret S. Frederick, Superintendent Reisterstown (Baltimore County) Telephone: Reisterstown 153 Established as the Female House of Refuge in 1886, the school was purchased by the State in 1918. Upon moving from Baltimore to its present site in 1922, the present name was adopted. The school provides for the care and training of delinquent white girls. During the fiscal year 1954 care was provided for 213 girls who were committed to the school and 85 girls who were detained at the institution. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $333,906 $344,951 Staff: 63.

MARYLAND COMMISSION ON INTERRACIAL PROBLEMS AND RELATIONS Chairman: William C. Rogers, Sr., 1957 Israel M. Goldman, Vice Chairman, 1957; W. Waldemar W. Agrow, Vice Chairman, 1961; Charles E. Cornish, 1961; Mrs. John B. Ramsay, 1961; Edward N. Wilson, 1957; Otto F. Kraushaar, 1959; Clinton K. Macsherry, 1959; Furman L. Templeton, 1959. Ward D. Yerby, Executive Secretary, 1955 Thomas J. S. Waxter, Executive Secretary Rosa C. James, Secretary 719 St. Paul Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Mulberry 5-8024 The Commission on Interracial Problems and Relations was created by the General Assembly of 1951 superseding the Governor’s Com- mission on Problems Affecting the Negro Population. The Commis- mission is composed of nine members appointed by the Governor for a term of six years with the advice and consent of the Senate. Of those first appointed three shall serve for two years, three for four years, and three for six years. The Chairman of the Commission is designated by the Governor. The Executive Secretary of the Commission is appointed by the Governor for a term of two years. It is the duty MARYLAND MANUAL 75 of the Commission to make surveys and studies of problems affecting the Negro population of the State and the betterment of interracial relations. The Commission shall submit an annual report to the Governor and General Assembly together with recommendations, if any, for any additional legislation (Code 1951, Art. 48A, secs. 1-3). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $10,620 $11,472 Staff: 2. o

DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL HYGIENE Clifton T. Perkins, M.D., Commissioner Vacancy: Assistant Commissioner George F. Sutherland, M.D., Chief, Division of Psychiatric Education and Training Francis J. Sullivan, Chief, Division of Administration and Finance Grace E. Schwartz, Supervisor, Budgets and Accounts Rudolph J. Depner, M.D., Director of Hospital Inspection and Licensure Richard Lindenberg, M.D., Director of Neuropathology and Legal Medicine Jacob Morgenstern, M.D., Director of Correctional Psychiatry George W. Mason, R.N., Director of Nursing Henrietta B. DeWitt, Director of Social Services Ben W. Barker, Director of Rehabilitation Vacancy: Director of Personnel Helen C. Tingley, Director of Public Relations David B. Hoover, Biostatistician Walter I. Redmond, Supervisor of Engeering and Mainte- nance Norris N. Nichols, Supervisor of Farm Management George E. Shipferling, Director of Food Service Robert W. Hansen, Director of Procurement 2218 N. Charles Street, Baltimore 18 Telephone: Hopkins 7-1371 The Department of Mental Hygiene was established by the General Assembly of 1949. It is vested with full and plenary powers and charged with the duties and functions of supervision of all matters relating to the custody, cure and treatment of persons of unsound mind; and with supervision and licensing of all institutions, public, private or corporate, in which mental patients are detained. The Department is directed by a Commissioner, appointed by the Governor with the approval of the Mental Hygiene Advisory Board, who has full power and authority to supervise, control and direct all State institutions caring for and treating persons of unsound mind. There are within the Department of Mental Hygiene two divisions, the chiefs of which, together with all technical and professional personnel, are appointed by the Commissioner with the approval of the Advisory Board (Code 1951, Art. 59, secs. 15a, 15b, 17, 18). Division of Psychiatric Education and Training It is the function of the Division of Psychiatric Education and Training to advise, consult with and direct the staffs of the several State institutions concerning psychiatric services, nursing, rehabilitation and social work. 76 MARYLAND MANUAL Division of Administration and Finance It is the function of the Division of Administration and Finance to advise, consult with and direct the staffs of the several State mental hospitals concerning personnel and public relations, budget and accounting, procurement, farm management, engineering and maintenance and food supervision. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $320,496 $314,333 Staff: 51.

Mental Hygiene Advisory Board Chairman: John C. Whitehorn, M.D. The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Jacob Finesinger, M.D., Professor of Psychiatry, University of Maryland; Ernest L. Stebbins, Ph.D., Director, School of Hygiene, The Johns Hopkins University; Thomas J. S. Wax- ter, Director, State Department of Public Welfare; Geneva Ely Flickinger, Supervisor, Special Education, State Depart- ment of Education. The Mental Hygiene Advisory Board was established by the General Assembly of 1949. It consists of the Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Maryland, the Professor of Psychiatry at The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, the Director of the School of Mental Hygiene of The Johns Hopkins University, the Director of the State Department of Public Welfare and the Supervisor of Special Education of the State Department of Education. The chairman of the board is selected by its members. In addition to making recommendations to the Governor and to the Commissioner of Mental Hygiene in regard to the appointment of personnel, the board has advisory powers in professional and technical matters, relating to the administration of the Department (Code 1951, Art. 59, sec. 15e).

Mental Hygiene Board of Review Louis L. Goldstein, President of the Senate; John C. Luber, Speaker of the House of Delegates; Robert C. Thompson, — Director, Vocational Rehabilitation, State Department of Education, 1958; Webster Sewell, M.D., 19517.-; Harold M. Skeels, Ph.D., National Institute of Mental Health. Bethesda, E. W. Ditto, Jr., M.D., Ift&ftrTiwing Taylor, M.D., 1961; Herbert L. Wynne, 1961; Robert Felix, M.D., Director, Na- tional Institute of Public Health, Bethesda, 1961. The Mental Hygiene Board of Review is composed of the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Delegates, ex-officio, and nine members appointed by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate for a term of six years. Of these members, two must be psychiatrists, one a physician not specializing in psychiatry, one a psychologist, one an educator, one a psychiatric social worker and three persons of recognized ability. Of the first persons appointed, two shall serve for one year, one for two years, two for three years, one for four years, one for five years and two for six years. The Board of Review shall visit each of the institutions in the Department of Mental Hygiene at least twice in each year and shall make a written report of its findings and recommendations concerning the operations of the hospitals and the Department of Mental

t^U '^*6-

1. MARYLAND MANUAL 77 Hygiene to the Governor and the Commissioner of Mental Hygiene at the close of each calendar year (Code 1951, Art. 59, sec. 15f). o MENTAL HOSPITALS CROWNSVILLE STATE HOSPITAL Arnold Eichert, M.D., Superintendent Crownsville (Anne Arundel County) Telephone: South Shore 2751 Crownsyille State Hospital was established in 1910 and opened to patients in 1911. The hospital provides care for the mentally ill Negro patients from all parts of the State. The budget is predicated upon a population of 2,445 for the fiscal year 1955-1956. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $2,787,148 $ 2,975,335 Staff: 693. o EASTERN SHORE STATE HOSPITAL George E. Currier, M.D., Superintendent Cambridge (Dorchester County) Telephone: Cambridge 445 The Eastern Shore State Hospital was established by the General Assembly of 1912 and the first patients admitted in 1915. This hospital provides for the care of mentally ill white patients who are residents of the Eastern Shore. The budget is predicated upon a population of 610 for the fiscal year 1955-1956. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $894,761 $921,916 Staff: 221. o ROSEWOOD STATE TRAINING SCHOOL George C. Medairy, M.D., Superintendent Owings Mills (Baltimore County) Telephone: Hunter 6-5200 Rosewood State Training School was established by the General Assembly of 1888, and the first children were admitted in 1889. The school provides for the care and training of mentally retarded children from all parts of the State. The budget is predicated upon a population of 1,870 for the fiscal year 1955-1956. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $2,368,705 $2,710,907 Staff: 559. o SPRINGFIELD STATE HOSPITAL Robert E. Gardner, M.D., Superintendent Sykesville (Carroll County) Telephone: Sykesville 194 The Springfield State Hospital was established by the General Assembly of 1894 and opened for patients in 1896. The hospital pro- 78 MARYLAND MANUAL

vides for the care of mentally ill patients from Baltimore City, Bal- timore County and the counties of Western Maryland, although patients from other areas may be admitted as necessary. The budget is predicated upon a population of 3,400 for the fiscal year 1955-1956. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $4,007,122 $4,271,344 Staff: 953. o- SPRING GROVE STATE HOSPITAL Isadore Tuerk, M.D., Superintendent Catonsville, 28 (Baltimore County) Telephone: Ridgeway 7-4400 Spring Grove State Hospital was established in 1797. It provides for the hospitalization of mentally ill patients from Baltimore City, Baltimore County and the counties of Southern Maryland, although patients from other areas may be admitted as necessary. The budget is predicated upon a population of 2,725 for the fiscal year 1955-1956. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $3,234,107 $3,515,803 Staff: 793. o BOARD OF NATURAL RESOURCES Chairman: John P. Tawes, Chairman, Commission of Tide- water Fisheries Ex-officio Members: Ernest A. Vaughn, Director, Department of Game and Inland Fish Joseph T. Singewald, Jr., Director, Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources Joseph F. Kaylor, Director, Department of Forests and Parks L. Eugene Cronin, Director, Department of Research and Education Appointed by Governor: Lester N. Towner, 1954; D. Raymond Snively, 1955; Mau- rice T. Lusby, Jr., 1955; Philip R. Winebrener, 1955; Charles S. Dell, Sr., 1956; George W. Todd, 1956; John M. Nelson, Jr., 1957. William H. Bayliff, Executive Secretary State Gffiee. -BuiMkag, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-3405 In December 1940 the natural resources of Maryland were administered by nine separate conservation agencies. The General Assem- bly of 1941 consolidated these nine agencies into five equal Depart- ments (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 6-21) namely, Department of Tidewater Fisheries, Department of Game and Inland Fish, Depart- ment of Forests and Parks, Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Department of Research and Education. The Bureau of Mines, formerly attached to the Department of Labor and Statistics, was placed under the Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources. The same act which established these five Departments also created the Board of Natural Resources to coordinate and integrate the MARYLAND MANUAL 79 activities of these departments (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 1-5). The Board is composed of five ex-oificio and eight appointive members. The ex-officio members are the Chairman of the Commission of Tidewater Fisheries and the Directors of each of the four remaining departments. Eight appointive members hold office for four-year terms and are designated by the Governor as follows: two from the tidewater counties of the Eastern Shore, two from the tidewater counties of the Western Shore and four from the State-at-large. The Chairman of the Commission of Tidewater Fisheries is designated by law as the Chairman of the Board, and since the former office is appointive, he is, for all practical purposes, also an appointive member. The Board is, therefore, composed of four professional ex-officio members who are Directors of departments under Merit System rules of tenure and who, therefore, form its permanent nucleus; the remaining nine members, including the Chairman, are appointed by the Governor. The members of the Board receive no salary for their services. The Board was created to formulate broad general policies on conservation. It is directed to publish an annual report covering the activities of the five conservation departments; to maintain the boundaries of the State (Art. 66C, secs. 31-32); to administer certain mineral resources under the Chesapeake Bay (Art. 66C, secs. 22-30); to administer artificial islands in Sinepuxent Bay (Art. 66C, sec. 33); and to approve or disapprove of certain fishery regulations (Art. 66C, secs. 289 and 326). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $16,343 $17,113 Staff: 3. o DEPARTMENT OF TIDEWATER FISHERIES The Commission Chairman: John P. Tawes, 1961 Fred P. Close, 1959; Vacancy: 1957 Dorothy W. Eaton, Secretary Robert Lee Shores, Chief Fisheries Inspector Homer C. Ringgold, Assistant to Chairman John C. Widener, Engineer William E. Muir, Seafood Auditor Ralph C. Hammer, Shellfish Culturist Vacancy: Training and Public Relations E. R. Leitner, Accountant Edward S. Digges, Counsel State Office Building Telephone: Colonial 3-2351 The Department of Tidewater Fisheries was established in 1941 as an affiliated department of the Board of Natural Resources. The department is the successor of the tidewater fisheries functions of the former Conservation Department. The Department is headed by a commission consisting of a Chairman and two associate members appointed by the Governor for terms of six years with overlapping tenure of office. The Commission formulates the basic policy which is administered by the Department of Tidewater Fisheries. The Commission also has power to make regulations governing the crab fisheries and to enter into compact with the State of Virginia in this regard, subject to review and approval by the Board of Natural Resources. The Department is administering a three-part program for the conservation of the fisheries. The first is concerned with “farming” for the purpose of conserving and increasing the oyster. The second is a fish management program which limits the number 80 MARYLAND MANUAL of commercial licenses issued each year for the taking of fin-fish. The third is a program of interstate cooperation which is concerned primarily with the crabbing industry. In addition, each of these— crabbing, fin-fishing, and oystering is subject to certain regulatory restrictions. To enforce these regulations, the Department maintains a fleet of thirty-six patrol boats and one patrol plane (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 6, 12). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $959,437 $980,254 Staff: 140. o DEPARTMENT OF GAME AND INLAND FISH _ Chairman: WREam—B. Holton^ 1955* if. W. Desmond Walker, 1954; George D. Walters, 1956; Royden S. Blunt, 1958. Ernest A. Vaughn, Director Harold Smith Kolmer, Assistant Director George B. Shields, Chief Game Warden Edwin M. Barry, Chief, Inland Fish Management Chester M. Kearns, Chief, Game Management Malcolm E. King, Public Relations Director Albert M. Powell, Superintendent Fish Hatcheries L. Maurice Amoss, Accountant 516 Munsey Bldg., Baltimore 2 Telephone: Saratoga 7-3054—7-3055 Region I: Allegany, Garrett and Washington Counties Joseph A. Minke, Regional Game Warden Dale Howard Arner, Wildlife Field Superintendent Region II: Carroll, Frederick, Howard and Montgomery Counties Benjamin F. Phebus, Regional Game Warden Lewis S. Rudasill, Wildlife Field Superintendent Region III: Anne Arundel, Calvert, Charles, Prince George’s and St. Mary’s Counties Arthur D. Jones, Regional Game Warden Philip D. Lines, Wildlife Field Superintendent Region IV: Baltimore, Cecil and Harford Counties Gordon L. Saunders, Regional Game Warden Dale E. Scheffer, Wildlife Field Superintendent Region V: Caroline, Kent, Queen Anne’s and Talbot Counties James W. Ivens, Jr., Regional Game Warden Howard R. Zeller, Wildlife Field Superintendent Region VI: Dorchester, Somerset, Wicomico and Worcester Counties Battle Mixon, Regional Game Warden John Warren, Wildlife Field Superintendent The Department of Game and Inland Fish is associated with the Board of Natural Resources. The present Department, established in 1943, superseded the Game and Inland Fish Commission and the game and inland fish functions of the Conservation Department. The Department of Game and Inland Fish is under the direction of a non- salaried commission of five members appointed by the Governor from the several geographical regions of the State. The term of each member is five years, one term expiring each year. The Commission elects a chairman and a vice-chairman from its membership, and appoints the Director of the Department. The Commission has the power to promulgate such rules and regulations as it deems necessary MARYLAND MANUAL 81 for the conservation of the resources in its charge. Such rules may restrict, extend or enlarge the terms of the game and fresh water fish laws. The Department enforces the game and fresh water fish laws and such additional regulations as it enacts. It also receives the proceeds from the sale of angling an# hunting licenses, these funds being used to finance the activities of the department (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 113-115). As of June 1954, the Department owned game farms and refuges totaling 32,000 acres. It has leased many other areas which are managed under the Maryland Cooperative Game Program. The State- owned game farms operated by the department are as follows: Gwyn- brook State Game Farm in Baltimore^ County, Montgomery State Game Farm in Montgomery County, Wicomico State Game Farm in Wicomico County, and Belle Grove State Game Farm in Allegany County. At these farms bobwhites, wild ducks, and wild turkeys are propagated. In all sections of Maryland special emphasis has been placed on habitat improvement on private and public lands for the purpose of increasing wildlife populations. Over 100,000 acres of State forests are managed for wildlife in cooperation with the Department of Forests and Parks. The Commission now owns and operates a fresh water fish hatchery at Lewistown, Frederick County, where trout and black bass are propagated. It also owns and operates trout rearing stations, at Bear Creek in Garrett County and Beaver Creek in Washington County. Ninety (90) major surface water areas containing more than five (5) acres each have been stocked with warm or cold water fish species and over one hundred (100) streams receive quotas of com- mercially purchased or State hatchery reared fish during the year. The Inland Fish Division raises nearly 100,000 (30,000 lbs.) adult Trout each year and 75,000 fingerlings. Approximately 25,000 fingerling Small Mouth Bass, together with fingerling Large Mouth Bass and Bluegills, are also raised for over 200 farm ponds annually. Supplementing this State program is the purchase of adult Large Mouth Bass, Crappie, Walleyes and Bluegills which total some 50,000 adults going into our warm waters as brood fish and “put and takers” relieving the pressure of resident and non-resident fishermen, particularly in the Appalachian, Piedmont and Coastal Plain Regions. Appropriations-—1955 Special Federal Fund Fund Total Administration $ 96,139 $ 96,139 Public Relations 23,547 23,547 Law Enforcement 282,835 282,835 Game Management 186,803 75,750 262,553 Inland Fish Management 172,084 33,450 205,534 Totals $761,408 $109,200 $870,608 Appropriations—1956 Administration $ 95,443 $ 95,443 Public Relations 22,215 22,215 Law Enforcement 286,852 286,852 Game Management 182,685 81,000 263,685 Inland Fish Management 155,009 39,000 194,009 Totals $742,204 $120,000 $862,204 Staff: 77. 82 MARYLAND MANUAL

DEPARTMENT OF FORESTS AND PARKS The Commission Chairman: R. Brooke Maxwell, 1957 H. Lee Hoffman, 1959; Jr-Miles-XaBkford, Maryland Fawn Ruxeayr-TWH); J. Wilson Lord, Maryland State Grange, 1956; Paul D. Naylor, 1958. Joseph F. Kaylor, Director H. C. Buckingham, State Forester William R^~BaIl, Superintendent of State Parks Karl E. Pfeiffer, Assistant Director Adna R. Bond, Assistant Forester Carl Stravinski, Park Technician David 0. Prince, Supervisor, Roadside Trees t'tate Office Building, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-2329 DISTRICT OFFICES District 1—Cumberland (Allegany, Frederick, Garrett, Washington Counties) William H. Johnson, District Forester Harry M. Hartman, Jr., Ass’t. District Forester W- A. Clinton Irwin, Ass’t. District Forester Jack E. Paulhamus, Ass’t. District Forester R. Thomas Thayer, Jr., Ass’t. District Forester Brook Bodkin, Supervisor Fire Control Herman Toms, Supervisor Fire Control Elmer H. Upole, Supervisor Fire Control Ralph T. Witt, Supt. Green Ridge Forest Cecil Ramsey, Supt. Potomac Forest Vacancy: Supt. Savage River Forest Marc Sagan, Park Guard, Cunningham Falls Park Curtis Conway, Supt. Fort Frederick Park Donald H. Boyer, Supt. Washington Monument Park Marshall Moats, Park Guard, Gambrill Park Raymond Wiles, Park Guard, Gathland Park

District 2—Laurel (Anne Arundel, Calvert, Charles, Howard, Montgomery, Prince George’s, St. Mary’s Counties) A. J. Piekall, District Forester Clifton Dennis, Ass’t. District Forester Charles A. Keeley, Ass’t. District Forester Henry W. Schlosser, Supervisor Fire Control E. W. Brickerd, Supervisor Fire Control Percy Miller, Supt. Cedarville Forest Robert I. Palmer, Supt. Patapsco State Park Joseph H. Henderson, Jr., Supt. Sandy Point State Park

District 3—Salisbury (Caroline, Dorchester, Somerset, Talbot, Wicomico, Worcester Counties) John J. Mohr, District Forester Randall L. Miller, Ass’t. District Forester Gaylord Robertson, Ass’t. District Forester MARYLAND MANUAL 83

Richard J. Robertson, Ass’t. District Forester Chester L. Sewell, Ass’t. District Forester James C. Wilce, Ass’t. District Forester Robert G. Dennis, Supervisor Fire Control Leon Spicer, Supervisor Fire Control Lawrence Parsons, Supt. Pocomoke Forest

District 4—Bel Air (Baltimore, Cecil, Harford, Kent, Queen Anne’s Counties) William A. Parr, District Forester Clarence Blackstock, Ass’t. District Forester William L. Hobart, Ass’t. District Forester Henry Stasiek, Ass’t. District Forester Gerald Williams, Ass’t. District Forester L. R. Bettinger, Supervisor Fire Control Paul H. Seward, Supervisor Fire Control Eugene Bowers, Supt. Elk Neck State Park Fred Hiser, Park Guard, The Rocks State Park The Commission of Forests and Parks consists of five members appointed by the Governor, one recommended by the Maryland Farm Bureau, one by the Maryland State Grange; a third member shall have had practical experience in the lumbering business, while the remaining two shall have an interest in the advancement of State parks and recreation. The members serve for a term of five years with overlapping tenure of office. They select their chairman and appoint the Director of the Department of Forests and Parks (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 340, 341). A forestry department was first organized in 1906 under the State Board of Forestry. The present Department, associated with the Board of Natural Resources, was organized in 1941, and is the successor of the first department. The Department of Forests and Parks administers the tree marketing program under which woodland owners who plan to dispose of their timber may secure a free marking service to yield maximum return in saw timber and other forest products with due provision made for a sustained yield of successive timber crops. To supplement the timber cropping program and provide adequate planting stock for reforestation, the State maintains a nursery with a potential capacity of ten million trees. The Depart- ment also administers the Forest Conservancy Districts Act designed to ensure the practice of forestry on privately owned woodlands throughout the State (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 342-406). The district foresters of the Department serve as executive officers and secretaries of local forestry boards set up under the Act. Another responsibility of the Department is the protection from fire of 2,700,000 acres of public and private woodland. To_ carry out this assignment, the Department maintains a specially trained fire control force, which is supplemented by 600-700 forest wardens commissioned by the Governor. The protection of approximately 3,000,000 trees along the State highways is also a responsibility of the Department. A force of wardens is employed to supervise tree trimming operations by the public utility companies along their pole-line right of ways. The Department also examines and licenses tree experts operating within the State. The Department administers ten State Forests with a total area of 119,795 acres. These forests serve as demonstration areas in forestry management. Recreational areas have been developed in several of 84 MARYLAND MANUAL them, notably, Herrington Manor on the Swallow Falls and New Germany on the Savage River. Parallel to this is the administration of thirteen State Parks of scenic or historic interest totaling 11,181.5 acres. The State Forests and Parks and their areas are as follows: STATE FORESTS Name County Area Swallow Falls Garrett 7,458 Savage River Garrett 52,757 Potomac Garrett 12,057 Mt. Nebo Garrett 1,791 Green Ridge Allegany 25,631 Cedarville Prince George’s & Charles 3,509 Doncaster Charles 1,464 Pocomoke Worcester 12,251 Seth Demonstration Talbot 125 Elk Neck Cecil 2,752 State Forest Nursery Anne Arundel 100 STATE PARKS Washington Monument Washington 104 Fort Tonoloway (Undeveloped) Washington 26 Fort Frederick Washington 279 Gambrill Frederick 1,138 Gathland Frederick 101 Patapsco Howard 3,150 Wye Oak Talbot 1.5 Elk Neck Cecil 692 Sandy Point Anne Arundel 762 Dan’s Mountain Allegany 108 The Rocks (Undeveloped) Harford 118 Seneca Creek (Undeveloped) Montgomery 255 Cunningham Falls Frederick 4,447 Appropriations—1955 General Special Federal Fund Fund Fund Total General Administration $ 87,880 $ 365 $ 88,245 Forest Fire Prevention and Control 213,576 9,082 97,358 320,016 Technical Forestry and Reforestation 82,757 12,316 24,500 119,573 State Forest and Recreation Area Management 56,645 55,015 111,660 Patapsco State Park 72,604 4,350 76,954 Sandy Point State Park 21,749 35,620 57,369 Other State Park Operations 57,153 7,325 64,478 Roadside Tree Protection 122,705 122,705 Totals $592,364 $246,778 $121,858 $961,000 86 MARYLAND MANUAL Advisory Commission, the Water Front Commission and the Water Resources Commission. The Department is under the direction of a Commission of five members appointed by the Governor for terms of five years. The term of one member expires each year. The Commis- sion selects its own chairman and appoints the Director of the Depart- ment. Those functions of the Department dealing with geology and water resources are under the immediate supervision of the Director; the supervision of the mining industry is charged to the Bureau of Mines. The Department has supervision of topographic, geologic, hydrographic, and magnetic surveys. It prepares topographic, geologic and such other maps as may be necessary to meet a specific need. Reports on the extent and character of the State’s mineral and water resources are prepared by the Department. In cooperation with the United States Government, surveys of the water resources of the State are made. The agency investigates and recommends plans and policies for the protection of the State’s waterfront and waterways against erosion. The Department has the further power to control and to conserve, in so far as is practicable, the surface and underground waters of Maryland; and to that end has jurisdiction over the construction and repairs of reservoirs, dams, and other water-way ob- structions. In order to carry out this function, the Department licenses all water well drillers in the State and issues a permit for each well to be drilled. The Commission also has the power to promulgate and enforce such rules as may be necessary to conserve the State’s water resources and its oil and gas resources (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 15-17, 666-701). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $ 96,197 $102,504 Staff: 12. ■o- BUREAU OF MINES Frank J. Powers, Director Mine Examining Board Chairman: Frank J. Powers Ellis Ellifretz, Miners; Arthur P. Hoff a, Sr. Operators City Building, Westernport Telephone: Westernport 4031 The first Mine Inspectors were appointed by the Governor in 1878 serving in Allegany and Garrett Counties. These inspectors, func- tioned independently, reporting only to the Governor, until 1916 when they were placed within the Board of Labor and Statistics. The inspection powers became a function of the Bureau of Mines upon its organization in 1922 as a unit of the Department of Labor and Statis- tics. Upon the organization of the Board of Natural Resources in 1941, the Bureau was transferred to the newly-created Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources. The director of the Bureau is appointed by the Governor from a list of eligible persons certified by the State Employment Commissioner. The Bureau of Mines is responsible for the inspection _ of all mines within the State in order to maintain proper sanitation, ventilation, and safety standards in all mining operations. All persons or corporations engaging in open-pit or strip mining operations are required to register with the Bureau previous to the beginning of their operations and to report periodically during such operations. The Bureau of Mines examines all applicants MARYLAND MANUAL 85

Appropriations—1956 General Special Federal Fund Fund Fund Total General Administration $ 91,661 365 92,026 Forest Fire Prevention and Control 236,923 9,082 100,000 346,005 Technical Forestry and Reforestation 85,991 13,500 24,500 123,991 State Forest and Recreation Area Management 56,283 50.000 106,283 Patapsco State Park 88,677 12,050 100,727 Sandy Point State Park .... 18,745 38.000 56,745 Other State Park Operations 63,986 13.000 76,986 Roadside Tree Protection .. 123,612 123,612 Totals $642,266 $259,609 $124,500 $1,026,375 Staff: 154.

PATAPSCO LAND ADVISORY COMMITTEE Chairman: Howard DeMuth Representing the State: H. Lee Hoffman, Nancy A. Parr, I. Alvin Pasarew, Charles M. Bandiere, Mrs. Jesse F. Hakes, August A. Denhard, W. Bladen Lowndes. Representing the Counties: Anne Arundel County: Walter C. Munroe, John W. Sherwood; Baltimore County: George A. Oursler, Charles W. Keller, Jr., Carroll County: Walter V. Bennett, Capt. H. C. Jeffer- son; Howard County: Carl W. Meyer, A. Brooke Gallion. Representing Baltimore City: John A. Cochran, Robert Garrett. The Patapsco Land Advisory Committee was appointed in June 1951, by the Governor. It consists of sixteen members, six representing the State, two representing Baltimore City and two representing each of the four counties in which the park is situated. The Com- mittee serves as an advisory group to the Department of Forests and Parks in the acquisition of land for the Patapsco River Valley Park.

DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY, MINES AND WATER RESOURCES The Commission Chairman: Arthur B. Stewart, 1957 Harry R. Hall, 195#; C. Victor Cushwa, 1966l Richard W. Cooper, 1958; John Q. Geyer, 1959. j Joseph T. Singewald, Jr., Director The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 18 / Telephone: Belmont 5-0771 The Department of (geology, Mines and Watdr Resources was established in 1941, superseding the State Geological and Economic Survey MARYLAND MANUAL 87 for certificates of competency as mine foremen, assistant mine foremen, and fire bosses. The Bureau of Mines in cooperation with the University of Maryland and the Boards of Education for Allegany and Garrett counties conducts classes in mining operations throughout the western part of the State. The Bureau, under an Act of 1949, is required to furnish gaseous training to men applying for first-class certificates and fire boss certificates of competency. This work is being done in cooperation with the United States Bureau of Mines (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 478-497).

Mine Examining Board The Mine Examining Board consists of the Director of the Bureau of Mines, who also acts as Chairman of the Board, and two persons appointed by the Governor, one representing the miners and the other the operators. Each appointee serves until his successor is appointed and qualifies. The Board examines applicants for the rating of first- class mine foreman and fire-boss and issues “certificates of competency” to each successful applicant upon payment of the stipulated fee (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 478-497). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $45,603 $46,200 Staff: 7.

DEPARTMENT OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION The Commission ^ Chairman: Earle T. HawkmsL'1958 Franklin Tresselt, Secretary, 1956>r''B. H. Willier, 1954; E. N. Cory, 1955; W. Theodore Boston, 1957. L. Eugene Cronin, Director _ ^George B. Gray, Administrative Assistant Solomons Telephone: Solomons 2771 The Department of Research and Education was created in 1941 to function as a fact gathering and fact disseminating agency in the promotion of conservation work in Maryland, and to carry on the work of the State Weather Service. Supervision of the Department is vested in a Commission of Research and Education, consisting of five members appointed by the Governor from among the citizens of the State, each of whom must have either special training in or experience with natural resources. The members are appointed for terms of five years with overlapping tenure of office. The members of the Commission select their Chairman and appoint the Director of the Department and such staff members as may be necessary (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 18-21). The Department maintains four major programs—research, education, hatcheries, and the State Weather Service. The center for the research and the educational program is at Solomons Island, the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory. The research program js concerned primarily with the applied aspects of conservation. Biological and economic problems, including hydrography and pollution, dealing with the more prominent fisheries have been emphasized. A periodical, research reports and educational pamphlets are issued. Emphasis in education is on the school and college level. Lectures and demonstra- tions are provided for adults through clubs and other agencies. 88 MARYLAND MANUAL

Courses are held at the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory for graduate students, teachers, school administrators and conservation law enforcement officers. The State Weather Service is a joint project of the Federal and State governments. It provides pertinent and useful information to the general public, especially to the farmers and to air and water transportation interests. Headquarters for the Service are at Friendship International Airport. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $168,424 $167,935 Special Fund 2,000 9,341 Total $170,424 $177,276 Staff: 21. o-

WATER POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION Chairman: Levi Phillips, Jr., 1959 Ex-officio Members: A. L. Penniman, Jr., Representative, State Board of Health; John P. Tawes, Chairman, Board of Natural Resources; L. Eugene Cronin, Director, Department of Research and Education; Ernest A. Vaughn, Director, De- partment of Game and Inland Fish. Appointed Members: George F. Hazelwood, 1961; F. C. Hettinger, 1957. Paul W. McKee, Director Henry Silbermann, Public Health Engineer, I Guy E. Lerner, Public Health Engineer, II Robert W. Pierce, Public Health Engineer, II Edwin C. Weber, Public Health Engineer, II Jack V. Schultheis, Chemist C. N. Kutson, Chemist 2114 N. Charles St., Baltimore 18 Telephone: Belmont 5-0167 The Water Pollution Control Commission was created in 1947 as a result of the recommendation of the temporary Committee on Water Pollution which had been designated to study the problem of water pollution in 1945. The Commission is composed of seven members, three of whom are appointed by the Governor for a term of six years. The other four members are a representative of the State Board of Health, the Chairman of the Board of Natural Resources, the Director of the Department of Game and Inland Fish and the Director of the Department of Research and Education. The Chairman, who must be one of the appointed members, is designated by the Governor. The Commission has the power to pass such regulations as are necessary to prevent the pollution of the streams and waters within the State. The agency studies and investigates all sources of steam pollution; it may request or suggest that known polluters take proper steps to correct the situation. Should any request or suggestion not be complied with, the Commission may order that the request be fulfilled within a definite period of time. Any polluter who has a complaint or feels a specific hardship in complying may receive a hearing before the Commission. The Commission has collected data in regard to stream pollution in the various regions of the State and municipal sewage disposal, and is currently making a survey of industrial waste disposal. The agency maintains, at 2114 N. Charles Street, a laboratory for the purpose of determining the amount and cause of water MARYLAND MANUAL 89 pollution through chemical and bacterial analysis (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 35-43). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $65,514 $74,098 Staff: 10.

STATE SOIL CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Chairman: Gordon M. Cairns, Dean, College of Agriculture William P. Cole, Chairman, State Board of Agriculture Irvin C. Haut, Director, Agricultural Experiment Station Paul E. Nystrom, Director, Agriculture Extension Service Joseph F. Kaylor, Director, Department of Forests and Parks Edward M. Davis, State Conservationist, U. S. Soil Conserva- tion Service Harry H. Reick, 1955; William R. Powell, 1955. Fred L. Bull, Secretary College Park Telephone: Warfield 7-3800 The State Soil Conservation Committee was established in 1937. It is composed of the Chairman of the State Board of Agriculture, the Director of the Agricultural Experiment Station, the Director of the Agriculture Extension Service, the Dean of the College of Agricul- ture, the Director of the Department of Forests and Parks, the State Conservationist of the U. S. Soil Conservation Service and two Soil Conservation District Supervisors appointed by the State Board of Agriculture for a term of one year. The officers of the Committee are selected by its members. The Committee’s duties include (1) render- ing assistance to the supervisors of the several soil conservation districts, (2) providing information relating to the experiences and activities of the several districts, (3) coordinating the programs of the districts, (4) securing cooperation of the various Federal and State agencies in the work of the districts, (5) disseminating information pertaining to soil conservation throughout the State and (6) organizing new soil conservation districts where it is deemed advisable. Soil conservation districts have been organized in all counties of the State except Talbot (Code 1951, Art. 66C, sec. 91). Staff: 4. ■o- MARYLAND STATE FAIR BOARD Chairman: Granville H. Hibberd, 1957 C. Russell Galbreath, 1956; D. Ernest Matthews, 1956; Roy C. F. Weagly, 1956; A. Doty Remsburg, 1957; Robert V. Norris, 1957; Frank Donaldson Brown, Jr., 1958; Olin S. Davis, Sr., 1958. R. Nelson Phelps, Executive Secretary Administration Building, State Fair Grounds, Timonium, Md. Telephone: Valley 3-3360 The Maryland State Fair Board is composed of nine members appointed by the Governor for a term of three years. It is the function of the Board to encourage and foster agriculture through the promotion and assistance of bona fide agricultural fairs and 90 MARYLAND MANUAL exhibits. Financial assistance is extended to qualifying organizations for premium awards to exhibitors of agricultural displays (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 61-63). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $266,000 $266,000 Staff: 2. o INSPECTOR OF TOBACCO STATE TOBACCO WAREHOUSE John F. McNulty, Inspector Walter K. Dunn, Jr., Administrative Assistant S. Charles at Conway Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Mulberry 5-5785 The Inspector of Tobacco, an office established in 1888, is appointed by the Governor and serves at his pleasure. He must be a resident of one of the tobacco growing counties and a tobacco grower or a duly qualified tobacco dealer. The Inspector of Tobacco is responsible for the proper and adequate inspection and grading of tobacco grown, sold or stored within the State of Maryland. He is also responsible for the supervision of the State Tobacco Warehouse and all property connected therewith in the City of Baltimore (Code 1951, Art. 48, secs. 9-48). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $74,324 $68,536 Staff: 19. o MARYLAND STATE APPLE COMMISSION Chairman: John P. Caspar, 1957 Edwin T. McNutt, 1957; E. Dwight McCain, 1958; Lloyd Balderston, III, 1958; W. Lee Allen, 1959; Raymond K. Gardenhour, 1959; Joseph G. Harrison, 1959. Hancock Telephone: Orchard 8-6218—8-6508 The Maryland State Apple Commission was created within the State Board of Agriculture by the General Assembly of 1947. The Commission of seven members is appointed by the Governor from a list of fruit growers approved by the Executive Committee of the Maryland State Horticultural Society. The terms of the members are for four years. The purpose of the Commission is to raise funds for conducting publicity and advertising, sales promotion, education, and research to increase the demand for, and consumption of, Maryland apples. All apples of U. S. Number 1 Canner Grade or better, grown in Maryland and sold in commercial trade are subject to a tax of one cent a bushel. However, the first five hundred bushels sold by any producer are tax-exempt. Commercial growers must report all apples sold during the crop season by December 31 each year. Apples sold after the season shall be reported by the close of the following May. The funds received by the Commission for these purposes are deposited with the State Treasurer in a Merchandising Fund, and none of this money may be used for any other purpose (Code 1951, Art. 97, secs. 72-80). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $6,885 $7,150 Staff: 1. n

/?ss MARYLAND MANUAL 91 & i MARYLAND TOBACCO AUTHORITY , Max Beal, 1957; William W. Dyaon, 196l5; Frank ; T. Reid Hutchins, James P. Ryon, 1956; John Schillinger, 195f; Dudley Smith, 1957. Bryan M. Pumphrey, Assistant Secretary-Treasurer Upper Marlboro Telephone: Market 7-3503 The Maryland Tobacco Authority was cerated by the General As- sembly of Maryland in 1947. The Authority is composed of seven members appointed by the Governor for a term of three years. The Board elects its own chairman. The Authority may make investigations and studies of any phase_ of tobacco marketing or production in the State, provide information relative to the tobacco price structure; and make recommendations for legislation to provide more effective handling of tobacco, to have a voice with the buyers and commission agencies in fixing marketing periods, and to assure the accuracy of weights and measures used by tobacco commission selling agencies. The Authority is further empowered to license commission agencies and purchasers. The agency shall also collect a fee from the owner of tobacco sold at a commission agency. The funds as collected shall be used by the agency (Code 1951, Art. 48, secs. 64-76). The Authority has appointed a representative to visit American and European factories for the purpose of developing markets for Maryland tobacco. Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $18,840 $19,850 Staff: 2. o-

DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTION Board of Correction Chairman: Enos S. Stockbridge, 1959 Wallace Reidt, Chairman, Board of Parole and Probation; John T. King, M.D., 1961; John D. Dunn, 1961; Gertrude E. Horigan, 1958; Angelo Schiadaressi, 1958; Howard E. Crook, 1959; Joseph H. Rash, 1959. Harold E. Donnell, Superintendent of Prisons Alice J. Ford, Secretary-Treasurer James W. Curran, Assistant Superintendent of Prisons and Industrial Supervisor 1410 Standard Oil Bldg., Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-3789 The Department of Correction was organized in 1939 superseding the Board of Welfare and the Board of Prison Control in the supervision and administration of the penal institutions of the State. The Department was further re-organized by an Act of 1953 so that the administration of the Department of Correction is under the control of the Superintendent of Prisons, appointed by the Board of Correc- tion, with the approval of the Governor and the consent of the Sen- ate. The Board of Correction, as presently organized, consists of the Chairman of the Board of Parole and Probation, ex-officio, and the Chairman and six associate members, at least one of whom shall be a woman, appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate, for terms of six years. The Board establishes the 92 MARYLAND MANUAL policy of the Department and appoints the executive personnel of the institutions upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Prisons (Code 1955 supp., Art. 27, secs. 754, 756A). The Department supervises and operates the State Use Industries which provides employment for the prisoners in the various penal institutions. The goods manufactured in State Use Industries shops are for sale to the various agencies of the State of Maryland, the Federal Government, the District of Columbia, and the states and territories of the United States as well as to the political sub- divisions thereof. Manufactured products are also available to religious and charitable institutions providing the goods are for their own use and not for resale. In addition to the State Use Industries, employment of prisoners is also provided in the public works program of the State. The earnings of the prisoners are credited to their respective institutional accounts and certain expenditures are permitted during their incarceration, and the balance is payable to them upon release. The Division of Classification and Education of the Department of Correction supervises the classification at each of the institutions of the Department, collecting and recording all necessary information and data concerning the prisoners to enable the proper classifying of all inmates in accordance with their abilities and in order to aid in their rehabilitation, as well as the educational functions. The Department of Correction is further responsible for conducting an annual inspection of the county jails in Maryland and makes recommendations for their improvement (Code 1951, Art. 27, sec. 789). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $66,935 $72,540 Staff: 11.

MARYLAND PENITENTIARY Vernon L. Pepersack, Warden 954 Forrest Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Vernon 7-2135 The concept of a central penitentiary for an entire state was a creation of eighteenth-century humanitarianism in America. It was original in form in that for the first time a penal institution was designed to serve more than a single county, town or parish, and it w&s original in purpose in that it proposed to treat its inmates not as enemies of society to be punished, but as penitents to be reformed. With this concept in mind the General Assembly of Maryland, in 4.804, appointed a Commission to construct such an institution; however, because of financial difficulties the Penitentiary was not completed and opened until 1811; the second institution of its type in the United States. The institution has operated continuously since the date of its opening. During its first 100 years, the Penitentiary was governed by a Board of Inspectors or a Board of Managers. With the establishment of the Board of Prison Control (now the Board of Correction) in 1917, the institution was placed under its control. The Penitentiary is a maximum security penal institution and long-term offenders are confined here. All sentences of death are also executed at the Penitentiary. Prisoners are employed at the State Use Industries shops which are designed to provide employment and practical vocational training. MARYLAND MANUAL 93

The following shops are now operating: printing, auto tag, shoe manufacturing, woodworking, brush manufacturing, sewing, mat- tress and upholstering, metal products, and knitting. A road camp is operated out of this institution. The average population of the Penitentiary for the fiscal year 1954 was 1,560. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $1,197,833 $1,259,178 Staff: 200. 13 Public Works Operation Fund 35 State Use Industries o MARYLAND HOUSE OF CORRECTION William F. Steiner, Warden Jessups (Anne Arundel County) Telephone: Elkridge 157 The Maryland House of Correction was established in 1878. It is a medium security penal institution for male offenders who are convicted of crime and sentenced to imprisonment for three months or more. The institution operates a farm and maintains a herd of dairy cattle which supplies dairy products to this institution, the Penitentiary, Patuxent Institution and the Reformatory for Women. Under the State Use Industries organization, concrete and cinder blocks are made; a soap and a paint factory; wood working, tobacco and clothing shops and a cannery are operated. Other inmates are employed under the Public Works program. Three road camps operate out of this institution. A school is also operated at the House of Correction. The institution is located on a farm of 1,268 acres. The average population of the House of Correction for the fiscal year 1954 was 1,877 (Code 1951, Art. 27, secs. 757, 773, 796). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $1,109,890 $1,177,639 Special Fund 64,000 68,600 Total $1,173,890 $1,246,239 Staff: 175 16 State Use Industries 45 Public Works Operation Fund o MARYLAND STATE REFORMATORY FOR MALES Clement J. Ferling, Superintendent Breathedsville (Washington County) Telephone: Hagerstown 2800 The Maryland State Reformatory for Males was established in 1945 at the penal institution originally established as the State Penal Farm in 1931. The Reformatory is a minimum security institution. Male offenders from 16 to 25 are committed to the Reformatory by the Courts for an indeterminate sentence. While primarily for youth- ful offenders, the Board of Correction may transfer prisoners of any age from the House of Correction or the Penitentiary to the Re- formatory. The Board may also transfer incorrigible and unmanage- able inmates of the Reformatory to other institutions. 94 MARYLAND MANUAL

The Reformatory conducts an educational program with regular classes in basic education as well as in vocational and industrial arts education. The institution has the services of a psychologist to aid in the classication and examination of those committed. Located on an 875 acre farm, a dairy cattle herd is maintained which supplies dairy products to the Reformatory as well as to other state institutions. A cannery, metal shop, brush shop and bookbindery are also operated as State Use Industries. Other inmates are employed on Public Works projects. The average population of the Reformatory for the fiscal year 1954 was 980 (Code 1951, Art. 27, secs. 760-763). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $ 972,809 $1,082,523 Special Fund 96,257 60,000 Total $1,069,066 $1,142,523 Staff: 185. 15 State Use Industries 4 Public Works

MARLAND STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Alice M. Blum, Superintendent Jessups (Anne Arundel County) Telephone: Elkridge 442 The Maryland State Reformatory for Women was established in 1941 as the Women’s Prison and the name was changed in 1945. All women convicted of either felonies or misdemeanors, who are sentenced to confinement by a Court or a Justice of the Peace to any institution other than a jail, are confined at the Reformatory. It is within the discretion of the Court as to whether the sentence imposed shall be of a definite or an indeterminate length. Of the 167 women now confined, approximately one half are serving indeterminate sentences. A sewing shop is operated as a unit of the State Use Industries. Approximately ten acres of garden have been developed by the women for the institutional table. The average population for the fiscal year 1954 was 177 (Code 1951, Art. 27, secs. 764-767). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $270,621 $287,764 Staff: 63 1 State Use Industries

PATUXENT INSTITUTION Harold M. Boslow, M.D., Director Alfred F. Dowd, Associate Director (Superintendent) Jessups (Anne Arundel County) Telephone: Elkridge 1000 The Patuxent Institution was authorized by the General Assembly in 1951 and was officially opened on January 3, 1955. The Director of the institution is also the Chief Psychiatrist of the Department of Correction. He is appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate, from a list of nominees submitted by a special committee composed of the Professor of Psychiatry at the Univer- MARYLAND MANUAL 95 sity of Maryland Medical School, the Professor of Psychiatry of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Chairman of the Board of Correction. He holds office during good behavior and may be removed only after charges have been preferred against him. An Associate Director, appointed by the Director, on recommendation of the Superintendent of Prisons, is in charge of administration and custodial care of this institution. The psychiatric work, as well as the psychological work, for all institutions is under the direction of the Director of the Patuxent Institution. The institution is for the custody of defective delinquents and emotional psychopaths committed by the courts or transferred to it by the Board of Correction. All sentences from the Courts, after diagnostic study, must be on an indeterminate basis with no maximum limit. Also to be established at the institution is a Diagnostic Center not under the supervision of the Board of Correction. An educational, industrial and vocational program is in process of formation for this institution. In connection with the Diagnostic Center, a psychiatric clinic (which is a part of the Diagnostic Center) shall submit to the Courts information which they desire; and this clinic and the Classification Committee of the institution shall ascertain the time for releases of inmates serving sentences within the institution. (Code 1951, Art. 31B). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $379,009 $629,927 Staff: 135. o

DEPARTMENT OP PAROLE AND PROBATION Chairman: Wallace Reidt, 1959 A. Earl Shipley, 1957; H. Hamilton Hackney, 1961 Wallace Reidt, Director Ralph S. Falconer, Executive Secretary 506 Park Ave., Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-4620 The Department of Parole and Probation was established _ in 1953 succeeding the Division of Parole and Probation in the administration of the parole and probation laws of the State. The Department is headed by the Board of Parole and Probation. The Board consists of a chairman and two associate members appointed by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, for a term of six years, providing that of those first appointed the Chairman shall serve for six years, one associate member for four years and the other for two years. The Chairman of the Board serves as director of the De- partment. He may assign members of the board to administrative and other duties as required. The Board of Parole and Probation may upon the vote of two of its members parole any person confined in the correctional institutions of the State who has served at least one-third of his term. The Board may recommend to the Governor the paroling of individuals serving life sentences but the Governor has sole jurisdiction over the parole of such persons. The Board also controls the releases -of 96 MARYLAND MANUAL prisoners serving indeterminate sentences at the State Reformatory for Women and at the State Reformatory for Males who have been recommended for its consideration by the Board of Correction. The Department administers the Inter-State Compact for the reciprocal supervision of parolees and probationers. It makes available the services of its investigating officers to the Circuit Courts and the Criminal Court of Baltimore City. In addition to the Baltimore office, there are offices located in Chestertown, Hagerstown, Upper Marl- boro and Ellicott City (Code 1955 supp. Art. 41, secs. 91-103). The Inter-State Compact places under the jurisdiction of the administrator, during the parole or probationary period, any person convicted of an offense within the State of Maryland who may thereafter be placed on probation or released on parole to reside in another state. Similarly, the administrator decides whether parolees and probationers from another state may reside in Maryland. (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 106). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $305,166 $318,662 Staff: 61. —-—o

MILITARY DEPARTMENT Major General Milton A. Reckord, The Adjutant General and Ranking Line Officer Brigadier General Harry C. Ruhl, Executive Officer and State Quartermaster Lieut. Colonel August T. Seidenzahl, Administrative Asst. Lieut. Colonel Benjamin F. Cassell, Administrative Asst. Fifth Regiment Armory, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Mulberry 5-3388 The Charter of Maryland granted to Lord Baltimore the power to raise troops to put down insurrection or rebellion and to subdue the enemies of the province. Since that time, the organization, maintenance, and administration of the State militia has been an integral part of the State’s functions. The present military establishment of Maryland is in conformity with the National Defense Act of 1922 and subsequent amendments, and the Militia Law of Maryland. The Adjutant General is appointed by the Governor with the consent of the Senate, and serves until his successor is appointed and qualified or until he is removed from office as a result of sentence imposed by court martial (Const. 1867, IX, 2). The Ranking Line Officer (at the present time also The Adjutant General) is head of the Military Department and exercises all his powers and duties under the Militia Law of Maryland. The Military Department is responsible for the preparation of all state forms and records required for use in connection with the militia, and the reports and returns required by the Federal Govern- ment. A register of all commissioned officers, and service records of all officers and enlisted men of the Maryland National Guard are maintained. The Ranking Line officer is the custodian of all State and Federal property in use by the organized militia, and apportions and provides for the proper application of funds for the military establishment. He is also responsible for the care and maintenance of all state-owned armories located in Maryland, and all other properties which may be MARYLAND MANUAL 97 occupied, purchased, or leased by the Military Department. The Ranking Line Officer has the power to make all reasonable and necessary regulations in regard to the use of such facilities, and applications for their use should be made to him. In time of war or other national emergency when the National Guard is absent from the State, the Governor, as Commander-in- Chief of the militia, has the power to organize the Maryland State Guard. Such forces are separate and distinct from the National Guard and are composed of officers, commissioned or assigned, and all able-bodied male citizens of the State who volunteer and are accepted for service. Members of the State Guard are uniformed as prescribed by the Governor, who also has the power to reduce or disband such forces when deemed necessary. o

NATIONAL GUARD UNITS ALLOTTED TO THE STATE OF MARYLAND Allotted by the Department of the Army: Hq. & Hq. Detachment, Maryland National Guard 29th Infantry Division (Part)* Hq. 29th Infantry Division (Part)* Med. Det., Div. Hq., 29th Infantry Division Hq. Company, 29th Infantry Division (Part)* 29th Military Police Company 29th Quartermaster Company 115th Infantry Regiment 175th Infantry Regiment 29th Division Artillery (Part)** Hq. & Hq. Btry, 29th Division Artillery (Part)** Med. Det. (-5), 29th Division Artillery (Part)** Med. Det., 110th F. A. Bn. Med. Det., 224th F. A. Bn. 110th FA Battalion (105 mm How., Towed) 224th FA Battalion (105 mm. How., Towed) 121st Engineer Battalion (Combat) 104th Medical Battalion 729th Ordnance Battalion (Infantry Division) 29th Infantry Division Band * Other Parts in Virginia and West Virginia ** Other Parts in Virginia Army Forces other than 29th Division: 231st Transportation Battalion (Truck), Hq. & Hq. Co. 147th Transportation Company (Light Truck) 165th Transportation Company (Light Truck) 726th Transportation Company (Light Truck) Allotted by the Department of the Air Force: 104th Fighter-Bomber Squadron, Fighter-Interceptor Squadron 104th Limited Forecasting Flight 8104th Replacement Training Squadron 98 MARYLAND MANUAL Armories State-owned and leased armories and facilities are located in the following cities and towns: Annapolis Easton Elkton Baltimore City: Ellicott City Fifth Regiment Armory Frederick Broadway Armory Frostburg Fayette Street Armory Glen Burnie Howard Street Armory Greenbelt Edmondson Ave. Armory Hagerstown Baltimore County: Havre de Grace Gunpowder Range Highfield Pikesville Hyattsville Towson Kensington Harbor Field LaPlata Bel Aii- Laurel Cambridge Leonardtown Centreville Oakland Chestertown Pocomoke City Crisfield Prince Frederick Cumberland Salisbury Denton Silver Spring Dundalk Westminster Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $512,650 $509,611 Special Fund 55,000 61,500 Federal Fund 84,200 75,000 Total $651,850 $646,111 Staff: 95. o MARYLAND CIVIL DEFENSE AGENCY Civil Defense Advisory Council Chairman: William G. Ewald Edmund S. Burke, Mrs. Harry Christopher, J. David Gor- die, Charles Cornish, Charles E. McManus, Jr., Guthrie J. McVicar, Harry F. Ogden, Brig. Gen. William C. Purnell, W. Frank Roberts, Walter Sondheim, Jr., Ralph L. Thomas, I. Ridgeway Trimble, M.D., E. Homer White, Jr., C. E. Wise, Jr. Sherley Ewing, Director Arthur L. Shreve, Deputy Director State Armory, Pikesville 8 Telephone: Hunter 6-4422 The Maryland Civil Defense Agency was established by the Mary- land Civil Defense Act of 1949. The Director of the agency is appointed by the Governor. The agency is charged with the preparation for, and the carrying out of, emergency functions other than functions for which military forces are primarily responsible, to minimize and repair injury and damage from disasters resulting from enemy attack or natural causes. The agency is also authorized to cooperate with the Federal government, the governments of other states and local political sub-divisions of this State in organizing MARYLAND MANUAL 99

and coordinating civil defense plans. The agency represents the State in the procurement of supplies and equipment for civil defense purposes under the Federal matching funds program, as prescribed by the Federal Civil Defense Act and regulations. The Director is responsible to the Governor for the coordination of the State’s disaster operations in the event of the declaration of a “major disaster” within Maryland under the provisions of P. L. 875, 81st Congress, as amended (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. 203-214; Art. 75C, sec. 6A). The Civil Defense Advisory Council is appointed by the Governor, and its members serve without compensation. It is the purpose of the Council to advise the Governor and the Director of the Civil Defense Agency relative to civil defense matters. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $100,238 $127,035 Staff: 14. o DEPARTMENT OF MARYLAND STATE POLICE Colonel Elmer F. Munshower, Superintendent, 1959 Major Ruxton M. Ridgely, Executive Officer Major William H. Weber, Field Force Commander Captain Martin M. Puncke, Quartermaster Division Commander Captain George E. Davidson, Chief, Identification and Investi- gation Division Captain Wilbur H. Conroy, Director, Training-Personnel Division Howard M. Hubert, M.D., Medical Director Headquarters, Pikesville 8 Telephone: Hunter 6-3101 Lieutenant J. K. Cushwa, Commanding, Central Accident Bureau Guilford Avenue and 21st Street, Baltimore 18 Telephones: Belmont 5-7102-3, Hopkins 7-1261 The Department of State Police was established in 1935. The De- partment is under the direction of the Superintendent who is appointed by the Governor for a term of four years. The Maryland State Police are responsible for the enforcement of the criminal and motor vehicle laws of the State. The Police have jurisdiction in all parts of the State except within the limits of any incorporated municipality which maintains a police force, save (1) when in pursuit of an offender or suspected offender; (2) in search of an offender or suspect wanted for a crime committed in another jurisdiction; (3) when seeking to interview a witness to a crime; (4) when requested by the chief executive officer or the chief police officer of the municipality, or when ordered by the Governor; or (5) when enforcing the motor vehicle laws of the State (Code 1951, Art. 88B, secs. 3, 4, 19, 23). The Department also licenses all private detectives within the State (Code 1951, Art. 56, sec. 65). To aid in the carrying on of its work, the Department operates an Identification and Investigation Division. The division maintains fin- gerprint and photograph files and cooperates with the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the police forces of other jurisdictions in the exchange of information relating to the identification of offenders or suspects. The General Assembly in 1953 authorized the establsihment of the Central Accident Records Bureau. This Bureau receives reports of accidents from the various local police departments 100 MARYLAND MANUAL throughout the State, tabulating and analyzing such reports and preparing a monthly summary and analysis of all accidents which is published in cooperation with the Maryland Traffic Safety Com- mission. A Traffic Staff has been organized within the Department for the purpose of promoting traffic safety and traffic safety educational programs. The members of the staff speak before civic groups and organizations and plan to build a library of motion pictures related visual aids to augment its works (Code 1955 supp., Art. 88B, secs. 42-47A). The Communication Bureau, established in 1935, provides radio and teletype communication service with the various police barracks throughout the State. It is a unit in a teletype network covering fourteen States and the District of Columbia. The Bureau also provides radio communication service to the patrol boats of the Depart- ment of Tidewater Fisheries. Through the communication service the latest weather forecasts are transmitted to the local barracks for dispatch to County Agricultural Agents; such reports are also transmitted to the District headquarters of the State Roads Commis- sion. The Department provides ambulance service to rural areas as well as emergency service in the case of accidents. It maintains ten ambulances throughout the State for this purpose. A Training School is operated by the Department at Pikesville for the purpose of training recruits of the Maryland State Police; as well as the training of other law enforcement officers of the State of Maryland. The work of the Department is carried on through its local barracks located throughout the State as follows: Southern Maryland, Troop “A” Waldorf Barrack Waterloo Barrack Western Maryland, Troop “B” Frederick Barrack Cumberland Barrack Central Maryland, Troop “C” Benson Barrack Conowingo Barrack Randallstown Barrack Eastern Shore, Troop “D” Easton Barrack Salisbury Barrack Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund 82,397,986 $2,642,127 Staff: 477.

DEPARTMENT OF POSTMORTEM EXAMINERS MARYLAND/POSTMORTEM EXAMINERS COMMISSION Chairman: Rsbart LL- Riley, M.D., Director, State Depart- ment of Health Vice-Chairman: Hugh R. Spencer, M.D., University of Mary- land School of Medicine Secretary: Huntington Williams, M.D., Commissioner of Health of Baltimore City Arnold R. Rich, M.D., Johns Hopkins Hospital Colonel Elmer F. Munshower, Superintendent, Maryland State Police MARYLAND MANUAL 101

Medical and Technical Staff: Russell S. Fisher, M.D., Chief Medical Examiner William V. Lovitt, Jr., M.D., Assistant Medical Examiner Paul F. Guerin, M.D., Assistant Medical Examiner Henry C. Freimuth, Ph.D., Toxicologist Charles P. Grimy, M.D., Medical Investigator Sydney Katz, M.D., Medical Investigator Robert C. Sheppard, M.D., Medical Investigator Charles Wheeler, Jr., M.D., Medical Investigator F. Lee Schmitz, Administrative Officer Spencer R. Watts, Junior Chemist John P. Haney, Technician, Pathological Laboratory 700 Fleet Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-2000 The executive direction of the Department of Postmortem Ex- aminers is vested in a Commission composed of a representative of the State Department of Health, the Commissioner of Health of Baltimore City, the Superintendent of Maryland State Police, and the professors of Pathology at the Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland. The Department, which was established in 1939, replaced the coroners of Baltimore City by a Chief and two Assistant Medical Examiners and the county coroners by Deputy Medical Examiners. All personnel are appointed by the Commission. It is the duty of the Department, or the Deputy Medical Examiners assigned to it, to investigate violent and suspicious deaths or those unattended by a physician. A report of all deaths investigated must be filed with the office of the Chief Medical Examiner. The records of the Department are open for inspection to the family of the deceased and are acceptable in Court as evidence of the facts contained. The Deputy Medical Examiners are paid by the county for each death investigated. The salaries of the Chief Medical Examiner, the Assistant Medical Exam- iners and the Toxicologist are paid by the State Comptroller. All other expenses of the Department are paid by the City of Baltimore (Code 1951, Art. 22). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $49,000 $49,000 Staff: 27. Deputy Medical Examiners, Substitutes, and Pathologists: 95. ■o-

STATE ROADS COMMISSION Chairman: Ruccoll-Br-MeGaiw <5- He

JNorman M. rntcnett, umer engineer William F. Childs, Jr., Advisory Engineer Carl L. Wannen, Comptroller Joseph D. Buscher, Special Assistant Attorney General 108 E. Lexington Street, Baltimore 3 Telephone: Lexington 9-4370 The State Roads Commission was established in 1908, succeeding to the highway survey functions of the Maryland Geological and Eco- 102 MARYLAND MANUAL

nomic Survey. The Commission consists of three members, appointed by, and holding office at the pleasure of, the Governor. One of the members must be a resident of the Eastern Shore, one a resident of the Western Shore, and one a resident of Baltimore City or a person who at the time of his appointment and for a period of at least two years prior thereto has continuously had his principal place of business or employment or professional activity in Baltimore City. At least one member must be affiliated with one of the two leading political parties different from that to which the Governor belongs (Code 1951, Art. 89B, sec. 1). The State Roads Commission has jurisdiction over the construction, maintenance, and administration of the State highway system, and, in addition, maintains, constructs, or reconstructs the road system of nine of the twenty-three counties of the State. It is responsible for the making of preliminary studies, investigations, surveys, and plans for the construction or reconstruction of the highways and related appurtenances within its jurisdiction, and performs the final review of those plans and the field supervision and inspection of the construction activities; it acquires the necessary right-of-way, prepares all necessary specifications, special provisions, advertisements for bids, contract documents, agreements, etc., all as required to effect the complete installation. Through its maintenance activities, the Commission provides the necessary resurfacing, drainage, traffic service, and snow removal for the highways included in the State System. Included in the organization of the Commission is a Traffic Division, which makes traffic counts, traffic origin and destination studies, and such other investigations as are necessary to determine the need for highway facilities, and the need for traffic service devices such as traffic signals and warning signs. This division also prepares State and individual county road maps. The Location Division is responsible for the making of preliminary and final surveys and location studies. The Division of Road Design prepares roadway plans, quantities, estimates and related Special Provisions, while the Bureau of Bridges performs similar engineering services in connection with structures on the various projects. The Bureau of Bridges also is responsible for the maintenance and inspection of construction for all bridges on the State highway system. The Materials Division is responsible for the testing of all materials used in the construction and maintenance of all highways and bridges. The Right-of-Way Division is responsible for acquiring the rights-of-way essential to the modernization of existing highways and bridges, as well as those required for new highways and bridges. The Construction Division performs the field supervision and inspection of construction for the highway projects, while the Maintenance Division performs a similar service in supervising maintenance activities, and projects performed with prison labor. Advisory Council on Highway Construction Chairman: Charles S. Garland Donald H. Sherwood, George F. Lang The members of the Advisory Council on Highway Construction are appointed by the Governor to consult with and advise the members of the State Roads Commission in the planning of highway con- MARYLAND MANUAL 103 struction and to aid the Commission in such other matters under its supervision as it may deem necessary.

Financing the State Roads System The State Roads Commission administers all funds for the construction, maintenance, and operation of the highway network under its jurisdiction. The Legislature of 1947 authorized the issuance of Revenue Bonds for the purpose of constructing toll bridges, tunnels, and roads. The selection of the route as a toll road or the project as a toll bridge must be made in accordance with the specific provisions of the law. The Legislature of 1947 authorized the issuance of State Highway Construction Bonds in a total amount of $100,000,000 to supplement revenues of the Construction Fund in order to meet the requirements of an expanded road construction program. All of the bonds included under this authorization were sold by the State Roads Commission prior to June 30, 1954. The Legislature of 1953, after consideration of a twelve-year program for road construction and reconstruction, authorized the issuance of $330,000,000 par value additional State Highway Construction Bonds (subject to certain limitations including provision that the maximum principal amount of all State Highway Construction Bonds outstanding at any time shall not exceed $300,000,000) for the purpose of financing, in part, the reconstruction of both primary and secondary roads of the State Highway System and the development and construction of new roads made mandatory by traffic demands (Code 1955, supp. Art. 89B, secs. 156, 162A-162G). The first series of bonds under this authorization were issued in total amount of $25,000,000 bearing date of September 1, 1954. Revenues derived by the State Roads Commission representing fifty percent share of the Gasoline Tax Fund distributions and the Excise Tax on Issuance of Certificates of Title to Motor Vehicles are pledged for debt service of State Highway Construction Bonds; any remainder of such revenues, together with Federal appropriations, contributions from the counties, and proceeds from the sale of State Highway Construction Bonds, are available for the construction of highways and bridges. Under certain conditions a sum not in excess of $2,000,- 000, increased to $3,000,000 by the 1955 Legislature, may be transferred in any fiscal year from the Construction Fund to the Mainte- nance Fund, such funds to be used for the maintenance and operation of the State Highway System. The State Roads Commission also receives a fifty percent share of the Motor Vehicle Revenue Fund distributions for paying such expenses as are not allocable to projects, for maintenance and operation of the State Highway System, and for other maintenance (Code 1951, Art. 66V2, sec. 28; Art. 89B, sec. 26). Appropriations available to the Commission during the fiscal year 1955 for the construction and reconstruction of roads will be supplemented, as required, by proceeds from the sale of State Highway Construction Bonds to be issued under the 1953 authorization. County funds will also be augmented to the extent that the several counties participate in the issuance of County Highway Construction Bonds as authorized by the 1953 Acts. 104 MARYLAND MANUAL Appropriations—1955 Special Fund (including Federal Aid): Sinking Fund Provision—State Highway Construction Bonds $ 9,406,003 Construction of Primary and Secondary Highways— State System 18,782,466 Maintenance of Highways—State System 7,121,030 Operation and Maintenance of Patuxent River Toll Bridge 60,000 Sign Permit Administration 10,000 Enforcement of Motor Vehicle Weight-and-Size Limitations 440,000 County and Municipality Funds 13,427,464 Total $49,246,963 Appropriations^—-1956 Special Fund (including Federal Aid): Sinking Fund Provision—State Highway Construction Bonds $10,878,150 Construction of Primary and Secondary Highways— State System 21,879,063 Maintenance of Highways—State System 8,006,990 Operation and Maintenance of Patuxent River Toll Bridge 65,000 Enforcement of Motor Vehicle Weight-and-Size Limitations 443,000 County and Municipality Funds 15,983,566 Total $57,255,769 Staff: 3,171. Toll Facilities Department Louis J. O’Donnell, Chief Administrative Officer Johnson H. Webster, Chief Maintenance Officer Superintendents of Bridges: George W. Phillips, Chesapeake Bay Toll Bridge, Sandy Point Paul R. Harrison, Susquehanna River Toll Bridge, Perryville Elwood E. Schafer, Potomac River Toll Bridge, Newburg Hyman Levin, Patuxent River Toll Bridge, Barstow Harry O. Britner, Williamsport Toll Bridge, Williamsport The State Roads Commission, through its Toll Facilities Depart- ment, operates the five toll bridges indicated above. The Toll Facili- ties Department supervises the operation and maintenance of the bridges which yield an annual aggregate revenue of more than $7,500,000. The administrative offices and accounting section of the (Department are located in Baltimore. The Chesapeake Bay Toll Bridge is the third longest bridge in the world. It is composed of 123 spans and extends across 4.35 miles of open water between Sandy Point on the western shore of Maryland and a point near Stevensville on the eastern. The combined length of the projects, including roadway approaches, is 7.11 miles. The traffic lanes between the suspension towers are 2,922 Va feet in length and 198% feet above water level, while the suspension towers rise MARYLAND MANUAL 105 an additional 155% feet to a total height of 354 feet. The Chesapeake Bay Toll Bridge was opened to traffic on July 30, During the fiscal year ended September 30, 1954, a total of 2,031,818 vehicles crossed the bridge which, together with passengers, produced a toll income of $3,820,732.10. The Susquehanna River Toll Bridge spans the Susquehanna River from a point near Perryville in Cecil County to a point near Havre de Grace in Harford County. The bridge is 7,613 feet in length and was opened to traffic on August 28, 1940. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 1954, a total of 8,409,349 vehicles traversed this bridge, producing a toll income of $1,695,623.66. The Potomac River Toll Bridge spans the Potomac River from a point near Newburg in Charles County to a point near Dahlgren, Virginia. It is 11,446 feet long and was opened to traffic on December 15, 1940. During the September 30, 1954, fiscal year, 1,863,019 vehicles used this bridge, producing toll income of $1,919,981.80. Revenues and expenditures of the Chesapeake Bay, Susquehanna River, and Potomac River Toll Bridges for the fiscal year ended Sep- tember 30, 1954, administered under the terms of a Trust Agreement dated October 1, 1948, are summarized as follows: Revenues:

Chesapeake Bay Toll Bridge $3,820,732.10 Susquehanna River Toll Bridge 1,695,623.66 Potomac River Toll Bridge 1,919,981.80 $7,436,337.56 Income from investments 9,886.92 Miscellaneous 6,735.40 Total $7,452,959.88 Expenses—Operating and Maintenance $1,002,464.28 Transfer to Revenue Projects Interest and Sinking Fund 6,116,735.29 7,119,199.57 Net Increase in Operating Reserves $ 333,760.31

The Patuxent River Toll Bridge, approximately two-thirds of a mile in length, spans the Patuxent River from a point near Hallowing Point in Calvert County to a point near Benedict in Charles County. It was opened to traffic on December 1, 1951. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1954, a total of 59,062 vehicles crossed the bridge, resulting in toll income of $60,827.85. The Williamsport Toll Bridge, spanning the Potomac River between Williamsport in Maryland and a point opposite in Berkeley County, West Virginia, is 1,478 feet in length and was acquired by the State Roads Commission under an Act of the General Assembly of Mary- land. The Commission began operating the bridge as a State project on December 19, 1954, having acquired the major portion of the capital stock of the Washington and Berkeley Bridge Company (a West Virginia corporation and former owner of the bridge) as of January 7, 1954, concurrently assuming the operation of the bridge. The charter and corporate franchise of the Washington and Berkeley Bridge Company were surrendered to the State of West Virginia during December, 1954, upon dissolution of the company. During the period 106 MARYLAND MANUAL from January 8, 1954, to December 31, 1954, the bridge was used by 1,059,866 vehicles producing a total revenue of $184,265.75. Revenues and expenditures of the Patuxent River Toll Bridge and the Williamsport Toll Bridge are administered under the budget of the State Roads Commission.

BUREAU OF CONTROL SURVEYS AND MAPS Advisory Board Chairman: S. S. Steinberg, Dean, College of Engineering University of Maryland James J. O’Donnell, Director, Department of Public Im- provements I. Alvin Pasarew, Director, Maryland State Planning Com- mission Norman M. Pritchett, Chief Engineer, State Roads Com- mission Joseph T. Singewald, Director, Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources George W. Cassell, Engineer-in-charge 307 Tower Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-4370 The Bureau of Control Surveys and Maps was established by the General Assembly of 1939. Inactive during World War II, the agency was reactivated by the State Roads Commission in 1951. This Bureau is under the direction of an advisory board consisting of the Chief Engineer of the State Roads Commission, the Director of the Mary- land State Planning Commission, the Director of the Department of Public Improvements, the Director of the Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, and the Dean of the College of Engi- neering of the University of Maryland. The agency coordinates the activities of the various agencies engaged in mapping and surveying in the State, provides information concerning maps of Maryland and maintains a library of State maps (Code 1951, Art. 91, secs. 30-33). The funds for the operation of the Bureau are provided in the budget of the State Roads Commission.

o DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES Frank Small, Jr., Commissioner, 1959 W. Dana Rudy, Deputy Commissioner Owen R. E. McGeeney, Comptroller Michael A. Noppinger, Register of Titles Guilford Ave., at 21st St., Baltimore 18 Telephone: Belmont 5-3900 The Office of the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles was established by the Acts of 1910. The Commissioner, who is appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate for a term of four years, serves as the director of the Department. The Department issues all drivers’ licenses in the State, and applicants are required to pass an eye test, written examination of the Motor Vehicle Laws of Maryland and a driving demonstration. These MARYLAND MANUAL 107 examinations are conducted in Baltimore City and in twenty-three other cities and towns throughout the State. The Department is responsible for the titling and registration of motor vehicles. It is necessary that a Maryland title first be issued for a vehicle before license plates are issued. There is collected by the Department an excise tax of two per cent of the fair value of the vehicle for each title issued. All commercial vehicles operating for hire within the State are required to file with the Department a certificate of Finan- cial Responsibility Insurance, in the amounts of $5,000, $10,000 and $20,000, and obtain a gratis permit to be carried with the vehicle at all times. All persons involved in accidents resulting in personal injuries, or any property damage in excess of $75.00 must file a report with the Department and comply with the provisions of the Financial Responsibility Law. All persons failing to pay judgments in excess of $25.00 are subject to the Financial Responsibility Law. The Department maintains a record of each individual driver who has been convicted of the motor vehicle laws. The Department conducts hearings to determine whether or not the driver’s license should be suspended or revoked as a result of a motor vehicle conviction, or because he is physically or mentally unfit to drive. Appeals are permitted to the Courts from the decision of the Commissioner, except in those cases where the revocation is mandatory. All fees collected for the registration and titling of motor vehicles and all fines collected are deposited by the Department to the credit of the Motor Vehicles Revenue Fund (Code 1951, Art. 66%, secs. 3-5, 9, 21-28, 89, 114-131, 303). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $1,976,868 $2,029,856 Capital Funds 110,000 Staff: 377. o

MARYLAND TRAFFIC SAFETY COMMISSION Chairman: Paul E. Burke Richard B. Ayares, 1961; Michael Dopkin, 1961; R. Melvin Goetze, 1961; Charles H. Rosenbaum, 1961; Murray J. Rym- land, 1961; Jerome Kahn, 1961; Charles Adler, Jr., 1957; Myles Katz, 1957; Herman C. Crueger, 1957; Clarence D. Grant, 1957; Leroy M. Griffin, 1957; Louis Rabai, 1957; Aldine R. Bird, 1959; James H. Levi, 1959; Richard C. O’Con- nell, 1959; T. Harry Riley, 1959; Patrick J. Roche, 1959; William E. Voyce, Jr., 1959. Paul E. Burke, Executive Director Guilford Ave., and 21st St., Baltimore 18 Telephone: Hopkins 7-1455 The Maryland Traffic Safety Commission was organized in 1941. The Commission of eighteen members is appointed by the Governor for six-year terms, one-third of these terms expiring every two years. The Commission seeks to promote traffic safety on the streets and highways of Maryland; and it seeks to coordinate the activities of public and private agencies interested in, or affected by, the problems of traffic safety, assisting such agencies to augment their programs by study, education and information. The Commission has enlisted the aid of business associations, civic groups, and newspapers in the promotion of traffic safety. In cooperation with the Department of 108 MARYLAND MANUAL

State Police, the Commission releases monthly reports of traffic accidents and fatalities in the State (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. -00, 201). Appropriations 1955 cannon Special Fund $80,000 Staff: 2. iju,. Q. STATE PLANNING COMMISSION * Chairman: James C. Alban, Baltimore, 1956 ' Ex-officio Members: Louis L. Goldstein, PresidenLifegis- lative Council; James J. O’Donnell, Director, Department of Public Improvements. Appointed Members: W. Thomas Kemp, Jr., State Board of Public Welfare, 1955; George M. Andersop-, D.D.S., State Board of Health, 1955; Ruw;oU Chairman, State Roads Commission, 1955; Richard C. Zantzinger, Southern Maryland, 1957; John B. Funk, Western Maryland, 1954. I. Alvin Pasarew, Director 100 Equitable Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-6411 The Maryland State Planning Commission, established in_ 1933, consists of the President of the Legislative Council and the Director of the Department of Public Improvements as ex-officio members and seven members appointed by the Governor for terms of four years. Of the seven appointive members one must be the Director or a member of the State Board of Public Welfare, one must be the Director or a member of the State Board of Health, one the Chief Engineer or a member of the State Roads Commission, one must be a resident of the Eastern Shore, one a resident of Central Maryland including Baltimore City, one a resident of Southern Maryland, and one a resident of Western Maryland. The functions of this Commission are to prepare or coordinate plans for the physical development of the State including plans for complete systems of State or regional highways, expressways, park- ways, parks, water supply and forest reservations and airways and air terminals; to advise with State departments and bureaus, local authorities and individuals, with a view to the coordination of all physical development plans related to State activities; to make surveys of rural land utilization to determine areas suitable for field crops, reforestation, watershed protection, recreation, summer residence and urban expansion, to prepare a long-term development program of major State improvements; and generally, to make available information on subjects affecting the health and welfare of the people of Maryland (Code 1951, Art. 88C, secs. 1-7). To carry out these functions the Commission is currently: (1) surveying the capital improvement needs of the various State agencies and the financial problems pertaining thereto; (2) continuing its collection of economic and social trends within the State; (3) serving in an advisory capacity for local and regional planning and zoning agencies; (4) cooperating with out-of-state firms seeking new locations, and maintaining for this purpose a current inventory of vacant industrial plants in Maryland; (5) assisting municipal and county groups in preparing evaluations of their communities to further their economic growth; (6) and reviewing the State’s medical care needs and responsibilities. MARYLAND MANUAL 109

The Commission recently completed A Program for Partial Pay- As-You-Go-Financing” in connection with the States Long-Term Capital Improvement Program. Filling in the gap in basic da.ta pertaining to the Maryland economy, the Commission has developed a series of income estimates for the 23 counties and Baltimore City. In addition, the “Economic County Data Book for Maryland was revised as of March 1, 1955. With the cooperation of the county planning commissions, a monthly tabulation of new dwelling units authoi- ized in the census tracts of the Baltimore Area was inaugurated, and a summary issued for the year 1954, in addition to the Commission s annual tabulation of “Building Permits Authorized” m the counties and cities of Maryland. A special study of “Ports m the State of Maryland” was prepared. The annual survey of planning and zoning agencies is being continued. New directories of the local agencies are compiled each year, plus a summary of planning programs, budgets, and staffs. In keeping with Joint Resolution No. 12 of the General Assembly of 1953, the Committee on Medical Care appointed a Sub- committee to Review the Financing of Maryland Health Activities. Based on the Subcommittee’s report, the Commission transmitted its findings and recommendations to the Governor, Legislative Council, and General Assembly in February 1955. Another subcommittee of the Committee of Medical Care completed “A Survey of Mental Health Training and Research in Maryland.” Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $77,636 $83,975 Staff: 13. -o DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS James J. O’Donnell, Director, 1959 Garrett 0. Billmire, Assistant Director Laurence P. Sangston, Principal Architect 50&> Katherine M. McQuade, Executive Secretary The Department of Public Improvements was created by the Legis- lature in 1947. The Director of Public Improvements, the designated head of the Department, is appointed by the Governor for a term of four years. The duties of the Department of Public Improvements consist, in part of the following: to assist and advise the Board of Public Works and other State agencies on all matters of engineering surveys, plans, specifications and contracts for public improvements that may come before the Board or in which a State agency may be interested; to select and appoint architects and engineers, subject to approval of the Board of Public Works, to prepare plans and specifications for all public improvements; to assist the State Planning Com- mission in the development of technical details necessary for the preparation of the Capital Improvement Program; to collect and maintain a complete and accurate file of plats and surveys of the location of all public improvements; and to represent the Board of Public Works at the opening of all bids for public improvements and tabulate, record and advise the Board of such bids. The Department maintains an inspection division with representation on all major projects to insure adherence to established standards and specifications. As charged by law, the Department prepared and presented a State Build- ing Code to the 1951 session of the General Assembly (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 202; Art. 78A, secs. 11-16, 19). 110 MARYLAND MANUAL

Board of Architectural Review Richard W. Ayers, 1955; Jackson P. Ketchum, 1955; D. K. Este Fisher, Jr., 1955; Paul L. Gaudreau, 1955; Francis H. Jencks, 1955; Charles M. Nes, Jr., 1955; Lucius R. White, Jr., 1955. The Board of Architectural Review is composed of seven members appointed for a term of four years by the Director of the Depart- ment of Public Improvements from a list of nominations submitted by the Baltimore Chapter of the American Institute of Architects. The Board acts in an advisory capacity to the Department of Public Improvements upon specifications related to proper architectural treatment of proposed buildings. The Board also reviews all architectural designs and drawings and recommends such changes as may be necessary in order that the proposed buildings may be functional and practical for the use intended (Code 1951, Art. 78A, sec. 17). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $245,617 $243,491 Staff: 42. o SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS C. G. Halpine, Superintendent E. F. Donaldson, Chief Engineer State House, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-2983 The office of Superintendent of Public Buildings and Grounds was created in 1862. The Superintendent is responsible for the maintenance, custody and protection of the State House, Government House, Old Treasury Building, Court of Appeals Building, State Office Building, and the Hall of Records. He is also responsible for the maintenance and operation of the State heating plant which provides heat for the other State buildings. The Superintendent maintains an inventory of all movable property located in each of the buildings, and transmits a copy to the Secretary of State (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. 110-115). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $241,943 $239,551 Staff: 64 o MARYLAND STATE LIBRARY Library Committee Chairman: Frederick W. Brune, Chief Judge Court of Appeals Edward S. Delaplaine, Associate Judge Court of Appeals Stephen R. Collins, Associate Judge Court of Appeals Louise E. Couper, State Librarian, 1959 Nelson J. Molter, Director Court of Appeals Building, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-4401 The State Library was established by an Act of the General As- sembly (Acts 1826, Ch. 53). The Library Committee, which is composed of at least three members appointed by the Judges of the Court of Appeals, exercises MARYLAND MANUAL 111 general supervision over the Library and appoints the Direetoi and other employees; except the State Librarian, who is appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate to serve foi the term of the Governor. The Library consists of a legal section of approximately seventy thousand (70,000) volumes, and a reference section of approximately fifty thousand (50,000) volumes. The reference section contains many rare books, maps and documents, including the subscription edition of the four elephant folio volumes of Audubon’s Birds of America, and the most complete file now in existence of the early issues (1745- 1838) of the Maryland Gazette, bound volumes and microfilm copies of the Baltimore Sunpapers from 1837 to date, as well as other early newspapers and periodicals. In addition, the Library possesses an almost complete set of the United States Documents, serial numbei series, dating back to the Continental Congress. The Law Library, which contains all State, Federal and many foreign court reports, session laws, codes, legal texts,^ compendiums, legal periodicals and other legal reference material, is an essential and integral part of the operation of the Court of Appeals of Mary- land and furnishes legal, reference and research material and facilities to the Court, Judges, Lawyers, State Departments and officials, and the general public. The Library is designated as a U. S. De- pository Library. All State officials and agencies are required by law to place one copy of all of their reports and other publications m the Library. The Library is the distributing agency for the session laws, journals, Maryland reports and the annotated code of Maryland. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund Operation of Library $28,772 $28,214 Md. Reports & Code Supp. 7,875 9,450 Total $36,647 $37,664 Staff: 4.

COMMISSIONER OF THE LAND OFFICE Harry L. Harcum, Commissioner, 1959 Malcolm W. Waring, Administrative Assistant Hall of Records, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-3451 The Commissioner of the Land Office is appointed by the Governor, with the consent of the Senate, to hold office during the term of the Governor (Const. 1867, Art. VII, sec. 14). The Land Office keeps records pertaining to boundaries of land, including records of all warrants certificates and patents for land from the settlement of the Province of Maryland in 1634, or abstracts of deeds from 1786 to the June 1, 1949, and abstracts of mortgages and releases from 1900 to June 1, 1949. Every clerk, after he records any deed, mortgage, release’of mortgage or lease of real estate must make or have made a 35 mm. microfilm copy of every such record and transmit it to the Commissioner of the Land Office at the end of each year. The Commissioner hears and determines all disputes which may arise concerning the validity of surveys. The Land Office is now engaged in making, filing, and recording plats for current subdivisions of land; copies of such plats are sent to the Supervisors of Assessment upon 112 MARYLAND MANUAL

request. All plats filed with the Clerks of Courts before June 1, 1945, are also being microfilmed by the Land Office. (Code 1951, Art. 17, secs. 69, 70, 73, 74; Art. 56, secs. 1-16, 18, 19, 25). All land now included in the limits of the State of Maryland was granted to Cecil, Lord Baltimore, in 1632. In 1680, there was established a Land Office, and four years later “The Land Council”. This body was authorized to hear and determine all matters relating to land. Four years later when Maryland became a crown colony, the Land Office was closed. In 1715, after a long contest with the Gover- nor and Council, the Secretary and the Assembly, the Lord Proprietor emerged with his rights restored, and the Land Office was reopened. After the Revolution, the State assumed the control of the Land Office (Acts Feb. sess. 1777, ch. 15). From 1781 until 1841, there was a Land Office for the Western Shore and another for the Eastern Shore. The Constitution of 1851 created the office of the Commis- sioner of the Land Office. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $29,315 $29,683 Staff: 7. ——o—-—

HALL OF RECORDS COMMISSION Chairman: Frederick W. Brune, Chief Judge Court of Appeals Theodore R. McKeldin, Governor; J. Millard Tawes, Comp- troller; Richard D. Weigle, President, St. John’s College; George L. Radcliffe, President, Maryland Historical Society; William L. Marbury, President, Board of Peabody Institute; Lowell J. Reed, President, Johns Hopkins University. Morris L. Radoff, Archivist and Records Administrator Gust Skordas, Assistant Archivist Rex Beach, Assistant Records Administrator Hall of Records, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-4111 The Hall of Records Commission was created by an act of the Gen- eral Assembly of 1935. The Commission is an ex-officio body. It supervises and controls the Hall of Records and appoints the Archivist, who is responsible for the functioning of the agency (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. 148, 149). State agencies as well as the counties, cities and towns of Mary- land are authorized to offer for deposit at the Hall of Records, all files, documents and records not in current use. Should the Archivist decline to accept the materials offered, permission to destroy them may be requested from the Board of Public Works. If permission is granted and destruction is completed, a certificate of destruction must be filed with the Hall of Records (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. 153, 155). While many records are offered to the Hall of Records Commission at the discretion of the custodians, it is required that all records, which are m the courthouses of the State and which were created prior to April 28, 1788, the date of ratification of the United States Constitu- tion by the State of Maryland, be deposited at the Hall of Records (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 152). In addition to the above, the non- current records of many State agencies have been deposited with the Hall of Records and the Archivist has on file microfilm copies of all county deeds as well as miscellaneous probate records through 1850 and of wills and Orphans’ Court proceedings through 1950. Where MARYLAND MANUAL 113 records have been deposited with the Hall of Records, the Commis- sion is authorized to prepare certified copies and photographic re- nroductions upon request (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. 153, 157, Code 1955 supp.; Art. 41, sec. 154). The Hall of Records is equipped to repair and restore records committed to its custody. a co t ul r State agencies are required by law to establish H ^ ™f S?Coi ^' gram for the management of their records. The Hall of Records provides assistance and guidance m the development and fuitherance of the State Records Management Program. The prograni provides for the use of records retention schedules which establish the period and method of retention of records. Such schedules must be approved bv the Hall of Records and when destruction is recommended, must also be approved by the Board of Public Works. The Hall of Records is responsible for inspecting the records and records management practices of all State agencies and is also required to review the proposals for the purchase or rental of record equipment, storage space and services (Code 1955 supp., Art. 41, sec. 156). The Hall of Records microfilms or supervises the microfilming of all current deeds, mortgages and releases recorded in the courthouses of the State which are required to be deposited annually m the omce of the Commissioner of the Land Office. Copies of these films are also deposited with the State Tax Commission for use in the preparation of local tax maps. Limited facilities are available for the filming oi records of the various State agencies. The Hall of Records also maintains a library of official publications of the various State agencies, and all State agencies are required to deposit one copy of each official publication at the Hall of Records (Code 1951, Art. 41, sec. 121). The Hall of Records is further responsible for the editing and preparation of the MARYLAND MANUAL. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $90,596 $92,393 Staff: 17. o

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION Earle R. Poorbaugh, Director Old Treasury Building, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-4058 The Department of Information was authorized by the Board of Public Works in 1948 as a division of the Hall of Records Commission. In 1949, the General Assembly established it as a separate agency. The Department is the central agency for the dissemination of information concerning the State. Under law, the agency is empowered to collect and assemble data about Maryland and distribute it in the form of maps, films, photographs, pamphlets, posters, press and radio releases and by other means to the public in general and to institutions of learning in particular. It is further authorized to promote the interests of Maryland and its products. In this respect the Department serves as a center of information for the encouragement of tourism and vacation trade in the State (Code 1951, Art. 41, secs. 198, 199). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $35,575 $37,226 Staff: 6. 114 MARYLAND MANUAL

WAR RECORDS DIVISION Harold R. Manakee, Director 620 Park Avenue, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Saratoga 7-0907 Under delegation of authority from the Board of Public Works, the War Records Division of the Maryland Historical Society was established in 1945 to assemble and publish data relative to Mary- land’s participation in World War II. The Division maintains and services a small specialized library of such materials, including a file of the military service records of each Marylander who served in the armed forces during that conflict. Four books have been published and two others are in preparation (Acts 1945, ch. 728). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $14,250 $14,820 Staff: 3. o MARYLAND VETERANS COMMISSION Chairman: David E. Kaiser Godfrey E. Child, Jarrett M. Ward, D.D.S., Frank T. Powers, Vernon H. Randall. Richard C. Manning, State Service and Executive Officer 8 South Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-2000 The Maryland Veterans Commission is composed of five members appointed by the Governor, all of whom must be veterans. The Com- mission appoints the State Service Officer, who serves as administrative director of the agency. The State Commanders of the American Legion, the Veterans of Foreign Wars, the Disabled American Vet- erans, and the Spanish-American War Veterans serve as an advisory committee to the Commission. The Commission administers a fund, appropriated annually, to provide the necessities of life to distressed veterans, widows of veterans and their infant children, to provide medical care for those who are ill, and funeral expenses for deceased veterans. The agency also assists veterans and their dependents in securing federal aid to which they may be entitled. The Commission is further responsible for the maintenance of a permanent registry of graves of all persons who served in the military or naval forces of the country in time of war and are buried in Maryland (Code 1951, Art. 96%, secs. 3-7). The Commission, in addition to its main office, has information centers located in the following cities: Baltimore: 219-A Veterans Administration Building Cambridge: High and Spring Valley Chevy Chase: Recreational Center, 4700 Norwood Drive Crisfield: Arcade Building Cumberland: County Building, Union Street Easton: Dover and Harrison Street Frederick: Winchester Hall Hagerstown: City Hall Hyattsville: County Service Building Laurel: 369 Main Street Salisbury: Gunby Building Washington, D. C.: Veterans Administration, 1012 Munitions Bldg. MARYLAND MANUAL 115

Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $126,032 $113,773 Staff: 20. o WAR MEMORIAL COMMISSION Chairman: Col. Richard C. O’Connell, 1957 Appointed by the Governor: George D. Harman, 1959; Wil- liam F. Dawson, I960; Gen. Harry C. Ruhl, 194?, Fred Z. Nichols, Jr., 1958. Appointed by the Mayor of Baltimore: Albert 0. Rabassa, 1958; George A. Graham, 1959; Paul J. Weidorfer, 1957; James J. McGuirk, 1956; Paul C. Wolman, 1957. Col. Thomas G. Nicholas, Superintendent War Memorial Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Mulberry 5-7530 The War Memorial Commission was created in 1924. The Commis- sions is composed of ten members, five of whom are appointed by the Governor and five by the Mayor of the City of Baltimore. The term of office is five years. The Commission elects its own chairman. The Commission has custody and supervision of the War Memorial Build- ing, erected as a memorial to the men of Maryland who fought in World War I. The cost of maintenance of the Memorial is shared equally by the State and the City of Baltimore. The building is open and available for meetings of veterans’ groups, civic and patriotic societies, and for civic gatherings, providing that no collection or donation is received or admission charged for any meeting or program held in the building. Applications for permission to use the building should be addressed to the Commission (Code 1951, Art. 65, secs. 75-79). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $12,000 $13,000 Staff: 9. ——o EXAMINING AND LICENSING BOARDS CENTRAL LICENSING OFFICE Nancy S. Ward, Chief Clerk 34 Hopkins Place, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-8795 The Central Licensing Office was established by the General Assem- bly of 1951. The Chief Clerk is appointed by the central office executive who is appointed each year from the membership of the boards using the facilities. It is the purpose of the office to provide office space and clerical services to the Board of Barber Examiners, Board of Examining Engineers, Board of Examiners of Motion Picture ' Machine Operators, Board of Electrical Examiners and Supervisors* and Board of Commissioners of Practical Plumbing. The expenses of the office are pro-rated among the several boards (Code 1955 supp., Article 41, sec. 193). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $4,196 $3,956 o—— STATE BOARD OF DENTAL EXAMINERS President: George B. Clendenin, D.D.S., 1959 L. Lynn Emmart, D.D.S., 1957; Wilbur D. Burton, D.D.S., 116 MARYLAND MANUAL

1959; C. Adam Bock, D.D.S., 1961; Albert W. Morris, D.D.S., 1961. Harry Levin, D.D.S., Secretary, 1957 3429 Park Heights Ave., Baltimore 15 Telephone: Liberty 2-6158 The Governor appoints the six members of the Board of Dental Examiners. Two members are appointed biennially, from a list of four practicing dentists furnished by the Maryland State Dental Asso- ciation. The Dental Practice Act of the State provides that this Board regulate the pn^itice of dentistry by testing the qualifications of candidates for licenses in dentistry and in dental hygiene (Code 1951, Art. 32). All applicants for licenses to practice dentistry must be at _ least twenty-one years of age and graduates of dental colleges duly incorporated to grant degrees in Dental Surgery by the laws of one of the United States or Canada. All applicants for a license to practice dental hygiene must be at least twenty years of age and graduates of a school teaching dental hygiene which has been approved by the Board. Examinations are held twice a year, and are both written and practical. Every dentist and every dental hygienist must register annually. Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $3,775 $3,775 Staff: None. o THE STATE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF PRACTICAL PLUMBING Chairman: William J. Hatter, 1957 Benjamin R. Roll, 1957; C. Worth Dunton, 1957; Sterling R. Schaeffer, 1957; D. Franklin Snead, 1957. 34 Hopkins Place, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-8795 The first board for the examining and licensing of plumbers in Maryland was established in 1886. The jurisdiction of this board was limited to Baltimore City. The present Commission was established in 1910. Its jurisdiction includes all of the State, excepting Prince George’s and Montgomery counties. The Board is composed of five members appointed by the Governor for two-year terms. One member shall be from Western Maryland, one from Southern Maryland, one from the Eastern Shore and two from Baltimore. The Commission examines and certifies journeyman and master plumbers, however, the latter must have held journeyman certificates for at least two years prior to applying for a master’s certificate. All certificates must be renewed annually. Appeals from the results of examinations may be taken to a board of arbiters, one member being appointed by the ap- pellant, one by the Commission, and a third member appointed by the other two members of the arbitration board. All members of the Board must be certified plumbers within the State (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 307-315). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Funds $3,998 $3,998 o—-— BOARDS OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS Members of the Board representing the Medical and Chirurgi- cal Faculty: President: Samuel McLanahan, M.D., 1956 MARYLAND MANUAL 117

Frank K. Morris, M.D., Vice President, 1959; Lewis P. Gundry, M.D., Secretary-Treasurer, 1959; John H. Horn- baker, M.D., 1959; John E. Legge, M.D., H®m7 T' Collenberg, M.D., 1957; Norman E. Sartonus, Jr., M.D., 1957. Hannah A. McCarthy, Executive Secretary 1215 Cathedral Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Mulberry 5-5587 Members of the Board representing the Homeopathic Medical Society: ■: President, Julius Chepko, M.D., 1959 John A. Swartwout, M.D., 1958; Joseph H. Watson, M.D., 1958; William C. Harrison, M.D., 1957; Robert A. Follweiler, M.D., 1957; Raymond B. Croissant, M.D., 1956; Edward J. Simon, M.D., 1956. Robert H. Reddick, M.D., Secretary-Treasurer, 1959 Eastern Shore State Hospital, Cambridge Telephone: Cambridge 445 The practice of medicine in Maryland is regulated by two Boards of Medical Examiners, one representing the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty (State Medical Society) and the other representing the Mary- land State Homeopathic Medical Society. Each Board consists _ of eight members appointed by their respective societies, two being elected each year to serve for a term of four years. All members must be engaged in the actual practice of medicine (Code 1951, Art. 43, sec. 118). The function of the Boards is to test the fitness of physicians for the legal practice of medicine in this State and to issue licenses to those qualified. The Boards may revoke the license of any physician who thereby forfeits the privilege of practicing medicine. Candidates for licenses applying to the Board representing the Medical and Chi- rurgical Faculty must be graduates of medical schools approved by the American Medical Association and the Association of American Medical Colleges. Graduates of foreign medical schools must present diplomas from medical schools offering medical education equivalent to that given in approved medical schools of the United States. Each candidate from a foreign medical school is considered individually. The qualification for practice is determined either by written examination given by the Boards, or by recognition of a license obtained after a written examination in a reciprocating State, or by endorsement of a certificate of the National Board of Medical Examiners. Examina- tions are held in June and December of each year. Appropriations M. C. F. 1955 1956 Special Fund $20,773 $20,754 Staff: 2.

STATE BOARD OF EXAMINING ENGINEERS Chairman: W. Charlton Talbott, 1957 George D. Shriner, 1957 R. Glover Bauer, Jr., Secretary 34 Hopkins Place, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-8795 The Board of Examining Engineers was established in 1892. The Board is composed of two members appointed by the Governor for terms of two years. The appointees must have had experience oper- 118 MARYLAND MANUAL ating steam engines, boilers, and stationary or portable engines. The Board examines applicants for certificates of proficiency to operate stationary or portable engines in Baltimore City. All certificates so issued must be renewed annually by the Board. The members of the Board periodically inspect all industries and places of business where licensed engineers are employed to determine their compliance With the law. The Board meets Tuesdays and Fridays from 6 P.M. to 9 P.M. (Acts 1910, ch. 662). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $7,169 $6,750 Staff: 3. o

STATE BOARD OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EXAMINERS President: Harold E. Schaden, V.M.D., 1959 Harold S. Gober, V.M.D., 1960; Franklin S. Wharton, V.M.D., 1957; Walter H. Mitchell, V.M.D., 1958. Milton P. Sause, V.M.D., Secretary, 1956 6207 Belair Road, Baltimore Telephone: Clifton 4-0824 The State Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners, established in 1894, is composed of five members appointed by the Governor for a term of five years. Each member must be a licensed veterinarian engaged in active practice. The Board passes upon the qualifications of candidates for licenses to practice veterinary medicine in the State and examines such persons. It may conduct hearings and pass upon complaints of illegal or unethical practices and may institute proceedings in the courts against those engaged in illegal practice (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 142-152). ' 6 6 Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $1,200 $1,350 Staff: None. 0 STATE BOARD OF LAW EXAMINERS Chairman: Parsons Newman William H. Price Wilson K. Barnes, Secretary Mildred H. Pullen, Clerk to the Board 901 Maryland Trust Building, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Plaza 2-1630 The Courts of the Province were first authorized to examine persons seeking to practice law in 1715 (1715, ch. 48, sec. 12). The examination of attorneys remained as a function of the several courts of the State until 1898, when the State Board of Law Examiners was created. The Board is composed of three members appointed by the Judges of the Court of Appeals. It is the duty of the Board to examine all persons wishing to practice law in the State. These examinations are given twice yearly in the City of Baltimore during the months of March and July. The Board also passes upon the petitions of attorneys from other states and territories desiring admittance to the Maryland Bar in accordance with rule fourteen of the Board. Appeals from the findings and recommendations of the Character Committees of the various counties and the City of Baltimore are passed upon by MARYLAND MANUAL 119 the State Board. In addition to these powers, the Board accredits universities and colleges in the State of Maryland for pre-legal training and prescribes the necessary courses of study for law students. Stu- dents expecting to study law in anticipation of practicing in Maryland must register their intentions with the Board. While the rules of the Board are formulated by the Court of Appeals, the Board has the right to prescribe such rules as may be necessary for the conduct of examinations, providing such rules do not conflict with those made by the Court (Code 1951, Art. 10, secs. 2-8). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $18,928 $19,732 o

BOARD OF EXAMINERS OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS Chairman: Edward J. Stegman, C. P. A., 1958 George H. Bald, C.P.A., 1956; W. Frank Every, 1957, Attor- ney at Law; G. H. Evans, Jr., 1957; Economist. J. Wallace Bryan, C.P.A., 1957, Secretary-Treasurer 1101 Mercantile Trust Bldg., Baltimore 2 Telephone: Saratoga 7-8200 The Governor appoints three Certified Public Accountants, one each year, for terms of three years each, together with one attorney at law for a term of two years, and one economist, selected from a list of three names submitted by the President of the Johns Hopkins Univer- sity, for a term of two years. The duties of this Board are to examine applicants for certificates as Certified Public Accountants, and to pass on applications by Certi- fied Public Accountants of other states for special certificates of registration (commonly called “reciprocal certificates”) entitling the holders to practice as Certified Public Accountants in Maryland. Examinations are held in May and November of each year. Those persons who pass the examinations, or whose applications for reciprocal certificates are approved, are recommended by the Board to the Governor who issues certificates to them. The Governor may for sufficient cause revoke any such certificate, after notice to the holder and a reasonable opportunity for a hearing (Code 1951, Art. 75A). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $15,315 $15,315 Staff: 2. -o-

STATE BOARD OF FUNERAL DIRECTORS AND EMBALMERS President: Edward L. Lilly, 1957 Vice President: Frederick A. Cole, 1957 Jerome C. Cvach, 1957; John R. Byers, 1957; Sylvan S. Lewis, 1957. Charles E. Delosier, Secretary, 1957 Jesse W. Redden, Treasurer, 1957 State Office Building, Annapolis Telephone; Colonial 3-4146 The State Board of Funeral Directors was established by the Gen- eral Assembly in 1902. The Governor, with the consent of the Senate, appoints the seven members of the Board for a term of two years. Every person carrying on the business of funeral directing and em- 120 MARYLAND MANUAL

balming in the State must register with, and procure a license from the Board. Licenses are renewed annually, and the Board has the power to suspend or revoke any license. It is the duty of the Board to make rules and regulations for the enforcement of provisions in the laws regarding funeral directing and embalming. In general, the laws deal with qualifications and examinations of applicants for license and registration. Examinations are held annually in Balti- more City (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 317-344). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $13,295 $11,897 Staff: 1. o

MARYLAND BOARD OF PHARMACY President: Charles S. Austin, Jr., 1958 Alexander J. Ogrinz, Jr., 1960; S. Earl Webster, 1957; Arthur C. Harbaugh, 1956 L. M. Kantner, Secretary-Treasurer, 1959 2411 N. Charles Street, Baltimore 18 Telephone: Belmont 5-4280 The Board of Pharmacy was created by an Act of the General Assembly in 1902. The Governor appoints five members, one annually, from a list of pharmacists submitted by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association. Two members must be residents of Baltimore City, and two, residents of the counties of the State and one resident anywhere within the State. This Board licenses pharmacists, by examination and reciprocity, issues permits for the operation of retail pharmacies, and for the manufacture of drugs, medicines, toilet articles, dentifrices and cosmetics. In cooperation with the State Department of Health, the Board enforces the pharmacy and drug laws of the State. The members of the Board of Pharmacy and duly authorized agents of the Department of Health have the power to inspect any pharmacy or other place where prescriptions, medicines, drugs, drug products or domestic remedies are compounded or sold, and to inspect every prescription, medicine, drug, drug product or domestic remedy exposed for sale. Druggists and pharmacists are required to keep in their places of business a suitable book or file in which to preserve for a period of not less than five years every prescription compounded or dispensed (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 242, 244-250, 253, 255, 256). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $7,150 $6,485 Staff: 1. o

BOARD OF BARBER EXAMINERS President: William J. Carr, 1957 David L. Miller, 1957 Albert J. Culotta, Secretary, 1957 34 Hopkins Place, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-8795 The Board of Barber Examiners was created in 1904. It is composed of three members appointed by the Governor for two years. The Board examines and licenses persons wishing to practice barbering. Exami- nations for this purpose are held in Baltimore in January, April, July, MARYLAND MANUAL 121 and October of each year. The Board also has the power to inspect all barber shops and to report to the county health officer any unsanitary conditions. The Board may suspend the license of any barber who consistently maintains an unsanitary shop (Code 1951, Art. 4d, secs. 292-305). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $2,124 $891 Staff: None. o

STATE BOARD OF EXAMINERS OF NURSES President: Elizabeth F. Norwood, 1956 Sister Katherine Marie Sump, Secretary-Treasurer, 1958; Bessie W. Parr, 1958; Virginia C. Conley, 1957; Helen V. Kramer, 1957. Angela M. Shipley, Executive Secretary 1217 Cathedral Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Saratoga 7-1855 The Board consists of five members appointed by the Governor for terms of three years. As vacancies occur, the Maryland State Nurses Association submits to the Governor the names of five of its members from which appointees must be selected. It is the duty of the Board to examine all applicants for registration as “Registered Nurse” and to issue the proper certificate. It is also the duty of the Board to examine applicants for the license “Licensed Practical Nurse,” and to issue the proper certificate. A register of the names of all nurses registered and licensed is kept open to the public. The Board visits hospitals, and schools of nursing, and concerns itself with the course of study and nursing education carried on in these schools. For sufficient cause, the Board, by a majority vote, may revoke any certificate (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 276-292). The Board cooperates with the National League of Nursing Educa- tion by contributing to its test pool and using its examinations and with the State Board of Education by making practical use of its Equivalent Examination. Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $27,353 $27,353 Staff: 4. o

BOARD OF ELECTRICAL EXAMINERS AND SUPERVISORS President: George Winters, 1957 James A. Johns, Jr., Treasurer, 1957; William H. Miller, 1957; William C. Beatty, 1957. Earl R. Westendorf, Secretary, 1957 34 Hopkins Place, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-8795 The Board of Electrical Examiners and Supervisors was established in 1906. The Board is composed of five members appointed by the Governor for terms of two years. One member is nominated by the electrical contractors’ associations of Maryland, one is nominated by the Maryland Fire Underwriters Rating Bureau, one is nominated by the Chief of Municipal Electrical Inspectors of Baltimore City, one is nominated by the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers of 122 MARYLAND MANUAL

Maryland, and one must be a competent, journeyman electrician who has served at the business for a period of ten years. All members must be practical electricians of Baltimore City. The Board examines all persons for certificates of proficiency as a master Electrician. No person is permitted to install electrical lighting or wiring, or conduc- tors for electrical light, heat, or power except under the supervision of a licensed master electrician. The Board is also empowered to adopt rules and regulations with regard to the placing, installing, and operating of electrical wires, appliances, and apparatus in Baltimore City (Acts 1906, ch. 244; 1949, ch. 671). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $5,641 $5,468 Stalf: None. o BOARD OF EXAMINERS IN OPTOMETRY President: A. L. Trussell, O.D., 1955 tc* Morris I. Seltzer, O.D., 1968; Albert B. Boulden, O.D., 1957; Ralph A. Highbarger, 1957. G. William Seabold, O.D., Secretary-Treasurer, 1957 115 W. Monument Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Plaza 2-5473 This Board was created in 1914 when the Governor appointed five persons, for terms of four years, from a list endorsed by the Maryland Association of Optometrists. Since 1923, members have been appointed for four-year terms (Code 1939, Art. 43, sec. 353). The Board administers the optometry laws of the State and regulates the practice of optometry. It examines, licenses, and registers. Applicants for examination must be 21 years of age or over and graduates of colleges of optometry or university schools of optometry accredited by the American Optometric Association and the International Association of Boards of Examiners in Optometry, and approved by the Board. The credentials of the applicant must comply with standards set by this Board. Two examinations are held each year, usually in January and July, in the following subjects: anatomy, physiology, theoretic optics, pathology, physiological optics, practical optics, theoretical optometry, perimetry, diagnosis, prescription determination, contact lenses, practical optometry, orthoptics, visual training, and optometric jurisprudence. For just cause, the Board may revoke any certificate of registration or examination (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 343-363). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $1,984 $1,984 Staff: None. o BOARD OF OSTEOPATHIC EXAMINERS President: Evelyn C. Luke, 1959 L. A. Winokur, 1959; Gifford E. Luke, 1959; Joseph Lindstrom, 1957. Christopher L. Ginn, Secretary, 1957 419 N. Charles Street, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Saratoga 7-5309 The Board of Osteopathic Examiners was established in 1914. The Board is composed of five members appointed by the Governor from a full list of members in good standing of the Maryland Osteopathic Association. The term of office is for three years (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 428-441). MARYLAND MANUAL 123 The Maryland Board of Osteopathic Examiners on receiving applications for license to practice osteopathy within the State, investigates the credentials of the applicant and if they meet with the requirements, a license is issued by the examining board. Two meetings are held each year for the examining of such applicants whose credentials will not warrant issuing of a license through the Previous Practice or Reciprocity Acts. The examining board cooperates with municipal and State officials in enforcing the laws regulating the practice. Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $75 $75 Staff: None. o

BOARD OF CHIROPODY EXAMINERS President: Lewis P. Gundry, M.D. Jerome Lenet, D.S.C.; S. Jack Kleger, D.S.C. Maurice E. Walsh, G.Cp., Secretary 11 Dundalk Avenue, Baltimore 22 Telephone: Atwater 4-2121 The Board of Chiropody Examiners was created in 1916. It is composed of four members appointed by the Board of Medical Examiners, one of whom shall be a member of that Board and the other three shall be selected from the membership of the Maryland Pedic Associa- tion. The Board examines all persons who wish to practice chiropody in the State. Applicants must have at least two years of education in a recognized college of arts or sciences and be graduates of a school or college of chiropody classified “A” or “B” by the National Associa- tion of Chiropodists. The examinations, which may be written, oral, or practical, are given in January and July of each year. The Board also issues annual licenses to all chiropodists engaged in active practice within the State. The Board has the power to revoke the license of any chiropodist, after due hearing, who is charged with mal- practice or unethical conduct (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 442-454). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $615 $500 Staff: None. o

BOARD OF EXAMINING MOVING PICTURE MACHINE OPERATORS President: Meyer Leventhal, 1957 George H. Douglass, Secretary, 1955 John Beilein, Treasurer, 1957 34 Hopkins Place, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Lexington 9-8795 The Governor appoints, biennially, the three members of this Board. One member must be from the Maryland Fire Underwriters Rating Bureau, one a licensed moving picture machine operator and a member of the Moving Picture Operators’ Union, and the third, an exhibi- tor licensed to operate motion picture machines. All members must have had at least three years’ experience in this business and must have resided in Baltimore City for not less than two years next preceding their appointment (Acts 1949, ch. 216). This Board examines and licenses operators of moving picture machines, and has super- 124 MARYLAND MANUAL vision over them in Baltimore City only. Examinations are written and practical. Applicants are eligible for examination after having worked for six months under a licensed operator. Licenses must be renewed annually. The Board has full power to suspend and revoke licenses. The Board is required to meet monthly, but may meet more often. Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $1,863 $1,355 Staff: None. o

STATE BOARD OF HAIRDRESSERS AND BEAUTY CULTURISTS Chairman: Agnes L. Giordano, 1957 Nyna Fey, 1955; Virgie Waters, 1956 Katheryne C. Linder, Chief Clerk 102 Park Avenue, Baltimore 1 Telephone: Mulberry 5-3843 The Board of Hairdressers and Beauty Culturists was created in 1935. The Board is composed of three members appointed by the Governor for terms of three years. All members of the Board must have had at least five years’ practical experience in hairdressing or beauty culture. They may not be affiliated with any firm manufacturing or selling any merchandise or commodity used in beauty shops, nor be directly or indirectly connected with any school of beauty culture. No two members shall serve at the same time who are graduates of the same school of beauty culture. The Board employs a secretary and a chief inspector. The Board examines, licenses and registers all persons engaged in or teaching hairdressing and beauty culture within the State. It has general supervision of all beauty shops and schools of beauty culture in the State in all matters pertaining to health and sanitation. In this regard the board may issue such rules and regulations as it deems proper and necessary, conduct hearings, administer oaths and compel the attendance of witnesses. Examinations, both practical and written, are conducted by the Board once in every three months. The examinations are usually held in Baltimore (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 492-515). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $37,704 $34,448 Staff: 16. ■o STATE BOARD OF CHIROPRACTIC EXAMINERS

President: Fprmit F—PtTm4k7-n_c 1 iqkf; Lewis S. Tawney, Sr., D.C., 195ff Adam Baer, D.C., Secretary-Treasurer, 1957 22 Broadway, Frostburg Telephone: Frostburg 355 The State Board of Chiropractic Examiners was created by an Act of the General Assembly of 1920. The Board is composed of three practicing chiropractors who must be residents of the State, be graduated from a resident course in chiropractic, and have practiced chiropractic in the State for a period of at least five consecutive MARYLAND MANUAL 125 vears The Governor appoints one member each year from a list of five names, including the incumbent member, which list has been submitted to him by the Maryland Chiropractic Association Such members shall serve for a period of three yeais (Code 1951, Art. 4d, secs 460-474). The Board examines applicants for licenses, investigates all complaints, and if necessary, reports same to the State s Attorney. Two Examinations are held each year, in March and September The Board has power to investigate and ascertain whether the several schools of chiropractic meet the requirements of the law. Each person holding a chiropractic license in Maryland is required to renew it with the Secretary of the Board annually. Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $7,686 $7,486 Staff: None.

BOARD OF EXAMINERS AND REGISTRATION OF ARCHITECTS Lucius R. White, Jr., Chairman, 1960 Allan Burton, Secretary Treasurer, 1957 6/ William F. Stone, Jr., 1959; Charles M. Nes, Jr., 1956, Howard G. Hall, 1958. I- T. Worth Jamison, Jr., Executive Secretary 8 E. Mulberry Street, Baltimore 2 Telephone: Lexington 9-7035 The Board of Examiners and Registration of Architects was established in 1935. The five-member Board is appointed by the Governor. The term of each member is five years; the term of one member expiring each year. Appointees to the Board must have been engaged in the independent practice of architecture for at least ten years, and at least three of the members must be graduates of approved schools of architecture. The Chairman of the Board is designated by the Governor The Board passes upon all matters pertaining to the registration of architects in the State of Maryland. All persons seeking to practice architecture in the State must submit their qualifications to the Board or pass an examination before being registered and licensed to practice (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 478-487). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $4,785 $5,551 Staff: 2 (part time).

BOARD OF REGISTRATION FOR PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS , , iff / Chairman: S. S. Steinberg, 1956 Charles D. Grace, 1959; Lewis F. Coffin, 1960; James R. Mecredy, 1957. John W. Gore, Secretary, 1958 1101 Key Highway, Baltimore 30 Telephone: Plaza 2-8418 The Board of Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors was established in 1939. The Board consists of five members appointed by the Governor for terms of five years, four of whom shall be pro- 126 MARYLAND MANUAL

fessional engineers and one a practicing land surveyor, the term of one member expiring each year. Land surveyors and professional engineers wishing to practice in the State of Maryland must apply to the Board for a certificate, supplying with their application evidence of their qualifications both in terms of experience and training. Except when the passing of a written examination is mandatory, it is within the discretion of the Board whether or not a particular- applicant need take an examination. Through the cooperation of the local chapters of the engineering fraternities, the Board seeks to secure voluntary compliance with the law and the maintenance of the ethical standards of the profession. The Board is a member of the National Council of State Boards of Engineering Examiners which aids in the reciprocal licensing of engineers and seeks to promote uniform standards of licensing in all States (Code 1951, Art. 75%, secs. 3-20). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $6,050 $6,050 Staff: None. o

BOARD OF PHYSICAL THERAPY EXAMINERS Chairman: W. Richard Ferguson, M.D., 1959 Wetherbee Fort, M.D., 1960; George H. Yeager, M.D., 19M; W. Grafton Hersperger, M.D., 1957; H. Alvan Jones, M.D., 1958. Clemens W. Gaines, Secretary 2411 N. Charles Street, Baltimore 18 Telephone: Belmont 5-4280 The Board of Physical Therapy Examiners was created by the General Assembly of 1947. The Board consists of five members, one appointed each year from lists submitted by the Medical and Chirur- gical Faculty. The term of each member is five years. Physical therapists wishing to practice in Maryland are examined, licensed and registered by the Board (Code 1951, Art. 43, secs. 567-574). Appropriations 1955 1956 Special Fund $1,755 $1,755 Staff: None. o

BI COUNTY AGENCIES THE MARYLAND-NATIONAL CAPITAL PARK AND PLANNING COMMISSION Chairman: Carlton E. Pyles, 1957 Vice-Chairman and Park Commissioner: Sidney M. Oliver, 1957 Commissioners: Herbert W. Wells, 1961; Donald E. Gingery, 1961; Arnold B. McKee, 1961; Alva H. Bender, 1961. Jesse F. Nicholson, Secretary-Treasurer J. Bond Smith, General Counsel J. B. Zatman, Public Information Officer William C. Burrage, Director of Planning 8500 Colesville Road, Silver Spring Telephone: Juniper 9-1480 4811 Riverdale Road, Riverdale Telephone: Appleton 7-2200 MARYLAND MANUAL 127

This Commission has general planning and park jurisdiction over the Maryland-Washington Metropolitan District created in 1927 and the Maryland-W ashington Regional District created in 1939. Both districts are within Montgomery and Prince George’s Counties adjoining the District of Columbia and embrace approximate^ 312 square miles. The 1955 estimated population of the entire Regional District in both counties exceeds 500,000 people. The 1955 estimated taxable basis of the Montgomery County portion of the Regional District is $660,000,000 and of the Metropolitan District $647,000,000. The 1955 estimated taxable basis of the Prince George’s County portion of the Regional District is $437,000,000 and of the Metropolitan District $335,000,000. The Commission has been given, through bi-county enactments of the Maryland General Assembly definite jurisdiction over the planning of the Mary land-Washington Regional District, which includes all of suburban Prince George’s and Montgomery Counties and a considerable portion of agricultural Montgomery County. The Commission is composed of six members appointed by the Governor. Two members must be residents and taxpayers of that portion of the Maryland-Washington Metropolitan District within Montgomery County; one may be a resident of any part of Mont- gomery County; two must be residents and taxpayers of that portion of the District within Prince George’s County; and one may be a resident of any part of Prince George’s County. Members have six- year overlapping terms, the terms of two of the first appointees from each county having been for four years. Not more than two members from each County shall be members of the same political party. The Commission appoints a Secretary-Treasurer and a General Counsel as well as all other staff members. Regional offices are maintained in both counties. Within the Maryland-Washington Metropolitan District, the Com- mission is empowered to acquire, develop, maintain, and operate a park system with recreational facilities, the expense of which, including debt service, is paid from a separate park tax levied within the District. The Commission is authorized to cooperate and negotiate with Federal agencies for financial assistance under the terms of the Capper-Cramton Act, and with other agencies in the park development program. Within the Maryland-Washington Regional District, which includes and extends beyond the Metropolitan District, the Commission is empowered to make, adopt, and amend a general plan for the physical development of the District, including all factors of urban, suburban, rural, and regional planning. Plans and specifications for the construction of public works improvements and facilities are authorized to be prepared by the Commission. It is given specific sub-division control power, and jurisdiction over street grades and locations, public buildings and utilities after the adoption of a major road plan over street naming and house numbering, and the Commission has advisory zoning powers. The zoning ordinances and amendments, however, are enacted by the County Council of Montgomery County and the Board of County Commissioners of Prince George’s County sitting as a District Council for that portion of the District within each county. The Commission recommends land use or zoning^ ordinances and similar ordinance subject matters to the respective District Councils. The administrative expenses of the Commission are paid from an administrative tax levied within the District. The taxes 128 MARYLAND MANUAL

levied by the Commission, which are collected by the County Treasurer in Prince George’s County and the Director of Finance in Montgomery County, are as follows: Montgomery County: Prince George’s County: Regional District: Regional District: Administrative Tax: 3c/$100 Administrative Tax: 3c/$100 Metropolitan District: Metropolitan District: Park Tax: 7c/$100 Park Tax: 5c/$100 Total: 10c/$100 Total: 8c/$100 (Acts of 1943, chs. 992, 1008; Acts of 1945, chs. 942, 952; Acts of 1947, chs. 374, 760-764; 1st sp. 1947, chs. 56, 57; Acts of 1949, chs. 582, 668; Acts of 1951, chs. 670, 671, 682; Acts of 1953; ch. 761). Receipts and Disbursements Fiscal Year Ending April 30, 1955: Balance Disburse- Balance Fund May 1, 1954 Receipts ments April 30, 1955 Administration $ 77,079.74 $ 349,984.58 $ 392,056.19 35,008.13 Parks (Regular A/C) 229,981.74 950,750.95 1,177,550.64 3,182.05 Parks (Capper-Cramton A/C) 532,201.25 7,000.00 80,836.38 458,364.87 Park (Special Acquisition and Development) 502,500.00 269,629.00 421,993.73 350,135.27 Special Bond Issues Debt Service 27,747.24 29,787.76 28,000.00 29,535.00 Totals. _ $1,369,509.97 $1,607,152.29 $2,100,436.94 $ 876,225.32 Staff: 196 O

WASHINGTON SUBURBAN SANITARY COMMISSION Chairman: T. Earle Bourne, 1959 Vice Chairman: Frank L. Hewitt, Jr., 1959 J. Norman Ager, 1959; James B. Bland, 1959; Willard A. Morris, 1959; L. S. “Ted” Ray, 1959. John T. Bonifant, Secretary Nicholas Orem, Jr., General Counsel Harry B. Shaw, Chief Engineer 4017 Hamilton Street, Hyattsville Telephone: Appleton 7-7700 The Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission was created by the General Assembly of Maryland in 1918. It is composed of six members, two of whom are appointed by the Governor, two by the County Council of Montgomery County, and two by the Board of County Commissioners of Prince George’s County. All serve for terms of four years. When the Commission was organized, the Washington Suburban Sanitary District had an area of 94 square miles. Additions were made to the District in succeeding years by the General Assem- bly of Maryland. It now contains 213 suare miles within Prince George’s and Montgomery counties adjacent to the District of Colum- bia. The present District has an estimated population of 425,000 and an assessed valuation in excess of 828 millions of dollars. The Commission provides for the construction and the operation of the water supply and sewerage systems, has jurisdiction over storm drainage, plumbing, and the location of utilities and provides refuse disposal service within the Sanitary District. It also operates a refuse collection service in the suburban portion of Montgomery County. As of December 31, 1952, the water and sewerage systems of the Commission contained 1,076 and 920 miles of mains respectively. MARYLAND MANUAL 129

The main source of water supply of the Sanitary District is the Patuxent River, which has been impounded by the construction of a dam near Brighton in Montgomery County. There has been con- structed another dam on the same river near Laurel in Prince George’s County. With the completion of this dam, the Washington Suburban Sanitary District has an assured yield from the Patuxent River of slightly over 40 million gallons daily. The Commission also obtains a portion of its water supply from the Northwest Branch of the Anacostia River, which water is treated in a rapid sand filtration plant at Burnt Mills. It has a third source of supply from deep wells at Forest Heights in the southern portion of the District. This underground supply will yield at present 1.4 million gallons daily. At the present time sewage is disposed of by discharging it into the District of Columbia sewerage system and treating it at the Anacostia Sewage Treatment Works of the Commission near Bladens- burg, Maryland. Negotiations are under way with the District of Columbia whereby all the sewage of the Sanitary District will be treated at the District of Columbia Sewage Treatment Plant at Blue Plains. Refuse is disposed of by means of an incinerator located at Lyttons- ville and a sanitary landfill at Fairland in Montgomery County and an incinerator at Bladensburg in Prince George’s County. The construction operations of the Commission are financed from proceeds of bonds. These bonds are retired with funds from several sources. The general construction bonds are retired by front foot benefit charges and ad valorem taxes. Bonds for major water and sewer construction are retired from water consumption and sewerage usage charges respectively. Refuse incinerator bonds are retired from receipts of the refuse service, and storm water drainage bonds are retired from ad valorem tax receipts. (Acts 1918, ch. 122; 1920, 518; 1924, 189, 190, 252, 469; 1927, 506, 507; 1931, 232, 522; 1935, 597; 1937, 45, 140, 296, 389, 391; 1939, 193, 253, 257, 266, 540; 1941, 280, 668, 802, 892; 1943, 450, 451, 468, 520, 522, 524, 525, 526, 993; 1945, 917, 1024, 1029; 1947, 143, 361, 362, 363, 365, 732, 733, 734, 736, 739, 820; 1947 (Sp. Sess.) ch. 66; 1948 (Sp. Sess.) ch. 57; 1949, ch. 342, 537, 538, 539, 541, 728; 1950, 92, 93, 94; 1951, 100, 376, 384, 385, 562, 563, 691; 1952, J. R. 6; 1953, ch. 183, 349, 350, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 366, 374, 386, 430, 434, 521, 522, 626, 666, 786; 1955, chs. 78, 79, 117, 118, 154, 231, 256, 356- 358, 496, 647-659, 664, 686, 687, 717, 723.) Staff: 1,224. o UPPER POTOMAC RIVER COMMISSION Chairman: John McMullen, 1959 Savage River Dam, Westernport Telephone: Westernport 3201 The Upper Potomac River Commission was established in 1935. The Commission is composed of three members. The Chairman is appointed by the Governor, and one member is appointed by the Commissioners of Allegany County and one by the Commissioners of Garrett County. The term of each member is for six years. The Commission has jurisdiction over the water resources of Allegany County and Election District Number Four (Bloomington) in Garrett County. The Savage River Dam, erected by the Army Corps of 130 MARYLAND MANUAL

Engineers, has recently been turned over to the Commission and is now operated by it (Acts 1935, ch. 409; Acts 1936, ch. 6; Acts 1939, ch. 143; Acts 1947, ch. 165).

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INTERSTATE COOPERATION MARYLAND COOPERATION COMMISSION Honorary Members: Theodore R. McKeldin, Governor Louis L. Goldstein, President of the Senate John C. Luber, Speaker of the House of Delegates Governor’s Committee: Chairman: Blanchard Randall, Secretary of State C. Ferdinand Sybert, Attorney General James G. Rennie, Director, Department of Budget and Procurement James C. Alban, Chairman, Maryland State Planning Commission Joseph O’C. McCusker, Chief Deputy Comptroller. Senate Committee on Intergovernmental Cooperation: Chairman: Edward S. Northop George W. Della, Philip H. Goodman, John-Clarence North House Committee on Intergovernmental Cooperation: Chairman: Maurice Cardin ferny Johnson, S. Fenton Harris, Myrtle A. Polk, E. Homer White The Maryland Cooperation Commission consists of three separate and distinct Committees, which collectively act as the Commission; in addition there are three honorary, ex-officio, non-voting members. The honorary members are the Governor, the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Delegates. The three Committees are (1) The Governor’s Committee, which consists of three ex-officio members, the Attorney General, the Director of the Department of Budget and Procurement, and the Chairman of the Maryland State Planning Commission; and two other administrative officials appointed by the Governor; (2) The Senate Committee, and (3) The House Committee, both of which are regular standing committees of the two branches of the General Assembly. It is the function of this Commission to carry forward the participation of the State as a member of the Council of State Governments, to encourage and assist the legislative, executive, administrative and judicial officials and employees of this State to develop and maintain friendly contact with officials and employees of the other States, of the Federal government and of local units of government; to en- deavor to advance cooperation between this State and other units of government, whenever it seems advisable, formulating proposals for, and facilitating the adoption of compacts, the enactment of uniform or reciprocal statutes or administrative rules or regulations, the cooperation of governmental officials and officers with one MARYLAND MANUAL 131 another and to take such other steps as it may deem advisable to assist in bringing the various governments in the United States into closer contact, and in developing the Council of State Governments for this purpose. The Commission is authorized to establish such delegations and committees as it deems advisable, for the purpose of conferring and formulating proposals concerning effective means to secure intergovernmental harmony and is required by the creating act to report to the Governor and to the Legislature within fifteen days after the convening of each regular session and at other times deemed appropriate (Code 1951, Art. 40, secs. 15-22).

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ATLANTIC STATES MARINE FISHERIES COMMISSION Commissioners from the State of Maryland: John P. Tawes, Chairman, Commission of Tidewater Fisheries; Appointed by the Commission on Interstate Cooperation: Louis L. Gold- stein; Appointed by the Governor: Harold D. Kennerley, Jr., 1956. Wayne D. Heydecker, Secretary-Treasurer 22 West First Street, Mount Vernon, N. Y. Telephone: Mount Vernon 8-1414 The Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission is an outgrowth of the “Eastern Conservation Conference” begun in 1937. A compact was drawn up and ratified by seven states, including Maryland, in 1941. This compact which was assented to by the United States Congress and signed by the President in 1942 is the legal basis of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission which today has a membership of fifteen Atlantic Seaboard States. Each State is represented by three Commissioners, one of whom must be the chairman or director of the fisheries management agency, one a legislator and a member of the Commission on Interstate Co- operation Committee; and the third selected by the Governor for a term of three years. The Commission acts in an advisory capacity only, aiding in the development of joint programs dealing with a single species or a body of water common to two or more states. These may result in uniform laws or varying but coordinated measures as the circumstances require. To accomplish these ends, the Commission usually meets in committees for the consideration of a particular species of fish or group of species; or in four regional groups as follows: (1) the North Atlantic States, (2) the Middle Atlantic States, (3) the Chesapeake Bay Area, and (4) the South Atlantic States. The technical advice and research facilities of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service are available to the Commis- sion and its member states. The Commission is supported by propor- tional contributions from each of the participating states, related to the value of its Marine Fisheries catch as compared with the total Atlantic catch. It issues mimeographed minutes of Annual Section and Committee meetings. The Annual Meeting minutes contain valu- able scientific appendices. It also issues printed Annual Reports. All are on file in the office of the Department of Tidewater Fisheries (Code 1951, Art. 66C, secs. 252-256). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $1,500 $1,500 Staff: 3. 132 MARYLAND MANUAL INTERSTATE COMMISSION ON THE POTOMAC RIVER BASIN Representatives from the State of Maryland: Theodore R. McKeldin, Governor; John Raymond Fletcher, 1955; George F. Hazelwood, 1957. Alternates: Harry 0. Levin, R. V. Truitt, James C. Warden. Ellis S. Tisdale, Director 202 Transportation Bldg., Washington 6, D. C. Telephone: Executive 3-1978 The Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin was established by an Act of Congress in 1940, and the compact was ratified by the participating states shortly thereafter. The Commission is composed of representatives from the United States Government, the States of Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia, and the District of Columbia. The representatives from Maryland include the Governor, and two members, who are residents of the Potomac River Conservancy District, appointed by the Governor for a term of two years (Code 1939, Art. 43, secs. 385, 386). The Commission has jurisdiction over the Potomac River Conservancy District, created by the enabling act. The District embraces an area of approximately 14,500 square miles with an estimated population of 2,000,000. The duties of the Commission are (1) to coordinate, tabulate, and sum- marize existing data on the character, pollution, and condition of streams in the Conservancy District; (2) to supplement existing data, when necessary, by conducting investigations; (3) to promote adoption by the signatory bodies of uniform legislation for the control of stream pollution; (4) to disseminate information to the public on the effects of stream pollution and the objectives of the Commis- sion; (5) to cooperate with other organizations in, and conduct, if advisable, studies of treatment methods for sewage and industrial wastes; (6) to recommend to signatory bodies standards for cleanli- ness of streams. The Commission is financed by appropriations from each of the participating bodies. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $7,500 $7,500 o-

SOUTHERN REGIONAL EDUCATION BOARD Members of the Board from Maryland: Theodore R. McKeldin, Governor Harry Clifton Byrd, Martin D. Jenkins, Thomas G. Pullen, Jr. John E. Ivey, Jr., Direcor G. Watson Algire, Director of Admissions, University of Maryland, Certification Officer. 881 Peachtree Street, N. E. Atlanta, 9, Ga. Telephone: Elgin 6781 College Park Telephone Warfield 7-3800 The Southern Regional Education Board operates under terms of the Southern Regional Education Compact of 1949, which the legis- latures of Maryland and fourteen other states have ratified. Its purpose is to help develop graduate, professional, and technical education in the South through interstate cooperation to achieve programs of .* "Kuo —c-e. sCtrtsCC dtrOU- Ifaiu t, f-rt

&UL TL-2,. MARYLAND MANUAL 133 high calibre and avoid unnecessary duplication. The Southern Re- gional Education Board is active in approximately twenty-five academic fields. It administers the regional education contracts by means of which states which lack schools in certain fields are able to secure training for their students at institutions operated either by other states or by private corporations. The Southern Regional Education Board is also a planning and development agency which studies needs and resources in various academic fields and joins with universities in Memoranda of Agreement to plan the development of specific programs on a regional basis. The administrative work of the Southern Regional Board in Maryland is carried on by the University of Mary- land (Code 1955 supp., Art. 41, secs. 160A-160D). The state is represented on the Southern Regional Education Board by the Governor and three other persons appointed by him. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $79,500 $72,000 •o-

MISCELLANEOUS COMMISSIONS STATE WAR BALLOT COMMISSION Chairman: Theodore R. McKeldin, Governor Vice Chairman: D. Lindley Sloan C. Ferdinand Sybert, Attorney General; Louis L. Goldstein, President of the Senate; John C. Luber, Speaker of the House of Delegates; Harry T. Phoebus, Senate Minority Leader; Melvin H. Derr, House Minority Leader; C. Arthur Eby. Blanchard Randall, Secretary of State, Secretary to the Commission State House, Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-2666 The State War Ballot Commission was created by the special session of the General Assembly held July 27, 1950, at which time the State’s wartime Absentee Voting Law was re-enacted. The Commis- sion is composed of the Governor, the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the presiding officer of each House of the General Assembly, the Minority Leader of each House of the General Assembly, ex-officio, and two persons, who are not members of the same political party, appointed by the Governor. The Commission is responsible for the administration of the Absentee Voting Law. To carry out the provisions of the law, the Commission may make necessary rules and regulations and provide assistance to the local election boards as required (Code 1951, Art. 33, sec. 154).

■o WASHINGTON CEMETERY TRUSTEES C. L. Mobley, 1957; Fortune Odend’hall, 1957; Mrs. J. Forney Young, 1957. The Washington Cemetery Trustees were chartered in 1870 by the General Assembly. The three trustees are appointed by the Governor for a term of three years. The trustees are responsible for the maintenance of Washington Cemetery, Hagerstown, where the Confederate dead of the battles of Antietam and South Mountain are interred (Acts 1870, ch. 213). 134 MARYLAND MANUAL

COMMISSION ON STATE PROGRAMS, ORGANIZATION AND FINANCE Chairman: Harry J. Green Jerome Robinson, John Grason Turnbull, Gilbert Gude, Mrs. Duane L. Peterson, Herman Gruehn, Charles S. Garland, Samuel Hecht, E. Dale Adkins, George A. Oursler, Furman L. Templeton, Gerald S. Wise. This Commission was appointed by the Governor to study the State government and to recommend improvements in its organization and activities. o WATER RESOURCES STUDY COMMISSION Chairman: Harry H. Rieek Edmund Burke, Gordon M. Cairns, Ralph Dulaney, Philip H. Goodman, Wilson A. Heaps, Herbert R. Hoopes, George Hall, William B. Holton, Hugh H. Hunter, Thomas Kibler, Joseph F. Kaylor, Hervey G. Machen, Joseph A. Mattingly, Paul McAuliffe, Russell Orr, E. Earl Remsberg, Russell P. Smith, Jr., Joseph T. Singewald, Charles H. Smelser, Henry B. Shaw, William F. Schluderberg, E. Homer White, Jr. This Commission was appointed by the Governor to study “the best means of developing new water resources and also of utilizing most efficiently the present supplies” (Acts 1955, JR 13). Maryland

State Publications

MARYLAND MANUAL 137

MARYLAND STATE PUBLICATIONS 1953 - 1955

STATE ACCIDENT FUND Annual Report: 39, 1953; 40, 1954 ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE TAX DIVISION Annual Report: 1953, 1954 Alcoholic Beverage Laws Comprising Article 2B of the Anno- tated Code, 1953 BOARD OF EXAMINERS AND REGISTRATION OF ARCHITECTS Annual Report: 1954 An Act Creating a State Board of Registration for Architects; Based on the Annotated Code of Maryland (1939 edition) Article 43, 1954 Circular of Information with Rules and Regulations for Archi- tectural Registration; Based on the Annotated Code of Mary- land (1939 edition) Article 43, 1939 edition) Article 43, 1954 STATE ATHLETIC COMMISSION Annual Statement: 1953, 1954 STATE BANK COMMISSIONER Annual Report: 43, 1953; 44, 1954; 45, 1955 BOWIE STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE Announcements: 1953/54, 1954/55; 1955/56 DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND PROCUREMENT The Maryland State Budget for the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1955 submitted to the General Assembly of Maryland by Theodore R. McKeldin, Governor, February 1955 for the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1956 submitted to the General Assembly of Maryland by Theodore R. McKeldin, Governor, February 1955 Fiscal Digest of the State of Maryland, for the Fiscal Year 1955 , for the Fiscal Year 1956 CIVIL DEFENSE AGENCY Section XXVI of Maryland Civil Defense Plan (Aviation) Organization & Planning Memo No. 12 (mimeo.) Training & Operating Instructions Nos. 9-10 (mimeo.) Information Bulletin Nos. 24-26 (mimeo.) Old Line Alert, (Quarterly Magazine) Annual Reports to the Governor, 1953, 1954 Instructions to Motorists (Card of Instructions) 1953 Explosive Ordnance Reconnaissance Handbook, 1953 Rescue Instructor’s Manual, 1953 America’s Defenses Against Communism (Booklet) 1953 One Strike and You’re Out (Pamphlet) 1954 The H Bomb and you (Booklet) 1955 Emergency Welfare Manual 1954 Auxiliary Police Manual 1955 138 MARYLAND MANUAL

COMMISSION ON THE ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION OF THE STATE Summary and Fiscal Report, Twelfth Report, September 1953 COMMISSION TO REVISE AND RECODIFY THE LAWS CON- CERNING THE PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Report of the , February 28, 1955 COMMITTEE TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF OIL UPON MARINE LIFE Report of the —, October 5, 1953, Printed in the Report of the Legislative Council to the General Assembly of 1954, pp. 139-156 COMPTROLLER OF THE TREASURY Report of the , Fiscal year 1954 COPPIN STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE Catalogue, 1954-55; 1955-56 DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTION Annual Report: 27, 1953; 28, 1954 Annual Report of the Inspection of the County Jails of Mary- land: 27, 1953; 28, 1954 COURT OF APPEALS Cases Adjudged In the Court of Appeals of Maryland (Maryland Reports) No. 195 October Term 1949 1953 196 October Term 1949) 1953 October Term 1950) ” 197 October Term 1950 1953 198 October Term 1950) 1953 October Term 1951) 199 October Term 1951 1953 200 October Term 1951) 1963 October Term 1952) 201 October Term 1952 1953 202 October Term 1952 1954 203 October Term 1952) 1954 October Term 1953) 204 October Term 1953 lorjA 205 October Term 1953) 1955 October Term 1954) MARYLAND STATE SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF Biennial Report: 38, 1952/54 STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Report of the Condition of the Public Schools of Maryland, 86th Annual Report of the State Board of Education; 1952 , 87th Annual Report ; 1953 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION Directory of School Officials and Teachers, 1953/54 Directory of School Officials, 1954/55 Art in Our Maryland Schools, 1954 MARYLAND MANUAL 139

Maryland Picture Portfolio Series Vol. 1. Living- in Allegany County, 1954 Vol. 2. Living in Anne Arundel County, 1954 Vol. 3. Living in Baltimore County, 1954 Vol. 4. Living in Calvert County, 1954 Vol. 5. Living in Caroline County, 1954 Vol. 6. Living in Carroll County, 1954 Vol. 7. Living in Cecil County, 1954 Vol. 8. Living in Charles County, 1954 Vol. 9. Living in Dorchester County, 1954 Vol. 10. Living in Frederick County, 1954 Vol. 11. Living in Garrett County, 1954 Vol. 12. Living in Harford County, 1954 Vol. 13. Living in Howard County, 1954 Vol. 14. Living in Kent County, 1954 Vol. 15. Living in Montgomery County, 1954 Vol. 16. Living in Prince George’s County, 1954 Vol. 17. Living in Queen Anne’s County, 1954 Vol. 18. Living in St. Mary’s County, 1954 Vol. 19. Living in Somerset County, 1954 Vol. 20. Living in Talbot County, 1954 Vol. 21. Living in Washington County, 1954 Vol. 22. Living in Wicomico County, 1954 Vol. 23. Living in Worcester County, 1954 Our Underwater Farm, Conservation Series, Book 3, 1953 Resources for an Effective Art Program, Supplement to the Bul- letin, Art In Our Maryland Schools, 1955 Maryland School Bulletin Vol. XXXIII, No. 1. Handbook for Pupil Personnel Work- ers, June 1954 Vol. XXXIII, No. 2. School Libraries In Maryland, June 1954 EMPLOYEES’ RETIREMENT SYSTEM Annual Report: 12, 1953; 13, 1954 DEPARTMENT OF EMPLOYMENT SECURITY Annual Report: 17, 1953; 18, 1954 Non-farm Wage Earners and Salaried Workers, Maryland, Monthly bulletin , Baltimore Metropolitan Area, Monthly bulletin Baltimore Area Labor Market News, Oct., Nov., Dec. 1954 Labor Market News, Monthly bulletin Gross Average Hourly and Weekly Earnings and Hours Worked, Production Workers In Maryland, Oct., Nov., Dec. 1954 Maryland’s 1953 Post-Season Farm Labor Report, [1953] The Story of Maryland’s State Employment Service, September 1954 MARYLAND STATE FAIR BOARD Annual Report: 1953, 1954 FISCAL RESEARCH BUREAU Local Government Finances in Maryland, 1952/53 Compendium of Information with Respect to 1953 Fiscal Year Publications of Maryland State Agencies, August 1953 140 MARYLAND MANUAL

DEPARTMENT OF FORESTS AND PARKS The Old Line Acorn, Quarterly Where to Go, What to Do, in Maryland’s Forests, Parks and Recreation Areas, Oct. 1953 FROSTBURG STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE Catalogue: 50, 1952/53; 51, 1953/54; 52, 1954/55; 53, 1955/66 DEPARTMENT OF GAME AND INLAND FISH Maryland Hunter’s Guide, 1954 Synopsis of the Game Law, 1954 Maryland Conservationists, Bi-monthly Annual Report of the Game and Inland Fish Commission, Annual Report of the State Game Warden: 36-15, 1953; 37-16, 1954 GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF MARYLAND Laws of the State of Maryland: 1954, 1955 Journal of the Proceedings of the Senate of Maryland, 1954, 1955 Journal of the Proceedings of the House of Delegates, 1954, 1955 (see also Legislative Council) DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY MINES AND WATER RESOURCES Geology and Water Resources of Garrett County, Bulletin No. 13, 1954 Sediments of the Chesapeake Bay, Bulletin No. 12, 1953 The Water Resources of Howard and Montgomery Counties, Bul- letin No. 14, 1954 GOVERNOR Budget Message to the General Assembly of 1954, February 3, 1954 Budget Message to the General Assembly of 1955, February 9, 1955 Message to the General Assembly of 1955, January 5, 1955 Inaugural Address: January 10, 1955 Address Delivered on Thursday, March 25, 1954, At the Annual Maryland Day Celebration in the State House at St. Mary’s City A Maryland Opportunity—Opening Remarks by Governor Mc- Keldin— Travel Promotion Meeting—State House, Annapolis, Mav 12, 1954 ’ HALL OF RECORDS COMMISSION Annual Report of the Archivist: 18, 1953; 19, 1954 Buildings of the State of Maryland at Annapolis, Publication No. 9, 1954 Calendar of Maryland State Papers, No. 4, Part 3, The Red Books, Publication No. 10, 1955 STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Bulletin of the , Monthly Maryland Review on Alcoholism: Quarterly News of the Week from 2411 N. Charles Street, Weekly Public Health in Maryland, the Annual Report of the Director of the State Department of Health, January 1, 1951 to January 1, 1953, 1953 MARYLAND MANUAL 141

A Study of Home Fatal Accidents in Maryland Counties—1954, [1955] 1954 A Year of Progress, Report of the Home Accident Pre- vention Unit, Maryland State Department of Health to the W. H. Kellogg Foundation, Battle Creek, Michigan, [1955] INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT COMMISSION Annual Report of the: 39, 1953; 40, 1954 Workmen’s Compensation Law, Article 101, 1955 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION Industrial Maryland (revised) [July 1953] Agricultural Maryland (revised), 1955 Fishing’s Fine in Maryland [October 1954] STATE INSURANCE DEPARTMENT Report of the State Insurance Commissioner: 82, 1953; 83, 1954 COMMISSION ON INTERRACIAL PROBLEMS AND RELATIONS Report of the: 2, 1954; 3, 1955 INTERSTATE COMMISSION ON THE POTOMAC RIVER BASIN A Report on Water Pollution in the Washington Metropolitan Area, Section II, Technical Report; Section III, Appendices; 1954 COMMISSIONER OF THE LAND OFFICE Biennial Report of the: 1952/54 STATE LAW DEPARTMENT Report and Official Opinions of the Attorney General: 38, 1953 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL Report and Proposed Bills Submitted to the General Assembly of 1954; 1955, 2 vols. DEPARTMENT OF LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE Synopsis of Laws Enacted by the State of Maryland Legislative Session of 1955 and Legislative Session of 1954; 1955 ADMINISTRATOR OF LOAN LAWS Summary of Reports filed by Small Loan Companies . . . and Re- ports filed by Sales Finance Companies . . . [Annual Report of the Administrator of Loan Laws] 1953; 1954 BUREAU OF MINES Annual Report of: 1953, 1954 BOARD OF MOTION PICTURE CENSORS Annual Report of: 36, 1951/52; 37, 1952/53 DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES Annual Report of the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles: 36, 1952; 37, 1953 List of Certificates of Registration of Motor Vehicles; 1954, 1955 General Motor Vehicles Laws, Art. 66% of the Annotated Code of Maryland Public General Laws, 1954, 1955 142 MARYLAND MANUAL

MORGAN STATE COLLEGE Annual Report of the President; 1953, 1954 Capital Improvement Request for Six Years, 1954-1959; 1954 Bulletin (published ten times a year) BOARD OF NATURAL RESOURCES Annual Report of the: 10, 1953; 11, 1954 Directory of Maryland Conservation Officials and Organizations, January 1, 1954 Maryland Conservation Publications Distributed by the Board of Natural Resources, May 1, 1955 COMMISSIONER OF PERSONNEL Annual Report of the: 33, 1953; 34, 1954 The Maryland State Merit System Presents [1954] Do You Ever Think of A Career In State Government? [1954] MARYLAND STATE PLANNING COMMISSION Newsletter, monthly Economic County Data Book, Publication No. 66 (2nd Rev.) Re- vised March 1, 1955 Nursing Needs and Resources of the State of Maryland, Report of the Subcommittee on Nursing Needs to the Committee on Medical Care, Publication 81, May 1953 A Program for the Economic Development of Caroline County, Publication 82, May 1953 Management and Limits of the State Debt, Publication 83, June 1953 1955 Fiscal Year Long Term Capital Improvements Program, Publication 84, September 1953 Manufacturers Tax Exemption in Maryland, Publication 85, October 1953 Income Payments in Maryland, Publication 86, July 1954 1956 Fiscal Year Long-Term Capital Improvements Program, Publication 87, September 1954 A Program for Partial Pay-As-You-Go Financing, Publication 88, November 1954 Report of the Subcommittee to Review the Financing of Mary- land Health Activities, Committee on Medical Care, Publication 89, February 1955 Legislation of Planning Significance Passed at the 1953 General Assembly, May 1953 DEPARTMENT OF MARYLAND STATE POLICE Biennial Report of the: July 1, 1952 to June 30, 1954 [1955] Highway Safety Bulletin, monthly Maryland State Police Communications—Operating Manual, Feb- ruary 1, 1954 A Brief History of the Headquarters of Your Maryland State Police [1954] DEPARTMENT OF POST-MORTEM EXAMINERS Annual Report of the: 14, 1952; 15, 1953 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS Building Code of the State of Maryland Adopted July 14, 1951 [October 1954] MARYLAND MANUAL 143

Maryland Builds, Report of the Department of Public Improve- ments For The Period January 1, 1953 to December 31, 1954 PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Report of the—Vol. XLIV, 1953; Vol. XLV, 1954 BOARD OF PULIC WORKS Report of the Board of Public Works on the State’s Participation Under Federal Social Security Coverage, 1953 MARYLAND RACING COMMISSION Annual Report of the: 34, 1953; 35, 1954 DEPARTMENT OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION Annual Report: 1953, 1954 Maryland Tidewater News (monthly) Publications: 94— A Survey of the Marine Nematodes of Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, 1953 95— Maryland Commercial Fisheries Statistics, 1953 96— A Study of Water Quality of Baltimore Harbor, 1953 97— A Historical Review of the Shad Fisheries, December 1953 98— Food Habits of Hatchery-Produced Pond-Cultured Shad (alosa sapidissima) Reared to A Length of Two Inches, December 1953 99— Maryland’s Commercial Fisheries Statistics, 1951-1952; May 1954 100— Ecological Factors Related to the Distribution of Bankia Gouldi Bartseh in Chesapeake Bay, May 1954 101— Effects of Naval Ordnance Tests on the Patuxent River Fishery [1954] 102— Age and Growth of the Northern Hogcatcher Trinectes Maculatus Maculatus In Patuxent River, Maryland [1954] Educational Series 32— Maryland’s Natural Resources Inventory, Three-Year Progress Report, January 1953 33— Maryland Commercial Fish Hatchery Operations 1950- 1951; October 1952 34— Annual Report, 1953; July 1954 35— Maryland Commercial Fish Hatcheries Operations, 1952- 53; February 1954 36— Maryland Commercial Fishing Gears, Part III, Crab Gears; April 1954 37— Maryland’s Living Waters; May 1954 38— Maryland’s Weather; June 1954 A Study of The Maryland Tidewater Sport Fishery, Resource Report No. 4; March 1954 Maryland Game Harvest, A Three-Year Summary, Resource Report No. 5; June 1954 Maryland Natural Resource Bibliography, A Guide to Key Works Dealing With the Zoology, Botany, Geology and Related Sub- jects, Resource Report No. 7; April 1955 STATE ROADS COMMISSION Biennial Report of the, Operating Report and Financial Report, 1953/54 144 MARYLAND MANUAL

Report of the Lower Chesapeake Bay Ferry Study, October 31, 1952 (mimeo.) Annual Report of the Susquehanna and Potomac River Bridges and the Chesapeake Bay Bridge: 13, 1953; 14, 1954 Bridge Revenue Bonds (Series 1948) Monthly Financial Report, Susquehanna River Toll Bridge, Potomac River Toll Bridge, Chesapeake Bay Toll Bridge Bridge and Tunnel Revenue Bonds, Susquehanna River Toll Bridge, Potomac River Toll Bridge, Chesapeake Bay Toll Bridge, Patapsco Tunnel Construction Fund, Financial Report (monthly, successor to Bridge Revenue Bonds Monthly Finan- cial Report) Maps (issued 1953-54) : (One inch equals one mile, and one inch equals two miles.) Carroll County Cecil County Frederick County Washington County Wicomico County Maryland Highways (wall size) Official Highway Maps: 1954, 1955 ROSEWOOD STATE TRAINING SCHOOL A Step Ahead, 1953 ST. MARY’S SEMINARY JUNIOR COLLEGE Catalogue, 1953/54, 1954/55, 1955/56 SALISBURY STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE Catalogue, 1954/55, 1955/56 DIVISION OF SANITARY ENGINEERING (State Department of Health) Annual Report: 1953, 1954 TOWSON STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE Catalogue, 1954/55, 1955/56 SECRETARY OF STATE Constitution of Maryland with Amendments to 1954; January 1955 Registration and Election Laws of Maryland, 1954 General Election Returns, November 2, 1954 (mimeo.) Primary Election Returns, June 20, 1954 (mimeo.) Maryland Manual, 1955-1956 STANDARD SALARY BOARD Standard Salary Plan, July 1954 STATE TAX COMMISSION Biennial Report of the: 19, 1953; 20, 1954 COMMISSIONERS ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS Report to the General Assembly 1955 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND General Catalogue, Vol. 7, No. 2, 1954-1955; Vol. 8, No. 6, 1955- 1956 MARYLAND MANUAL 145

Individual Catalogues are issued for the following Schools and Colleges 1. College of Agriculture 2. College of Arts and Sciences 3. College of Business and Public Administration 4. College of Education 5. Glen L. Martin College of Engineering and Aeronautical Science 6. College of Home Economics 7. College of Military Science and Tactics 8. College of Physical Education, Recreation and Health 9. College of Special and Continuation Studies 10. Summer School 11. Graduate School 12. School of Dentistry 13. School of Law 14. School of Medicine 15. School of Pharmacy 16. School of Nursing 17. European Program at Heidelburg, Germany 18. General Information UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND EXTENSION SERVICE Annual Report: 39, 1953; 40, 1954 Extension Service News (monthly) Growing Sweet Corn For Processing, Extension Bulletin 139 (Rev.), June 1955 Making Coats and Suits, Extension Bulletin 143, June 1953 Farmers 1953 Income Tax, Extension Bulletin 144 (Rev.), No- vember 1953 Your 1954 Farm Income Tax, Extension Bulletin 144 (Rev.), November 1954 Pruning Ornamental Trees and Shrubs, Extension Bulletin 150, June 1954 Freezing Quality Foods, Extension Bulletin 151 [1955] Flower Arrangement, Extension Bulletin 152 [1954] Control of Azalea Pests, Extension Bulletin 154, May 1955 Horizontal Silos, Extension Bulletin 155, March 1955 The Japanese Beetle Retardation Program in Maryland, Exten- sion Bulletin 156, July 1955 Use of Credit In the Farm Business, Extension Bulletin 158, June 1955 Fact Sheets: Maryland Vegetable Varieties for 1953, No. 1 (revised) Feb- ary 1953 Maryland Vegetable Varieties for 1954, No. 1 (revised) Feb- ary 1954 Fertilizer Recommendations for Tomatoes in Maryland, No. 2 (revised) May 1955 Good Tobacco Beds—A Must!, No. 6 (revised) September 1954 Fertilizing Sweet Potatoes, No. 23 (revised) June 1955 Planting Sweet Potatoes and Treating Sprouts, No. 24 (revised) May 1955 How To Cultivate Tomatoes, No. 29 (revised) May 1955 Summer Feeding of the Dairy Herd, No. 34 (revised) August 1954 Field Crop Variety Recommendations, No. 43 (revised) Janu- ary 1953; 2nd revision, January 1954 146 MARYLAND MANUAL

Maryland 1954 Farm and Home Outlook, No. 62 (revised) December 1953 How Many Acres?, No. 65, April 1953 The Alfalfa Weevil, No. 66, April 1953 Mastitis Control, No. 67, April 1953 Anhydrous Amonia and Nitrogen Solutions, No. 68, April 1953 New Insecticides for Home Vegetable Crops, No. 69, July 1953 Insect Control Recommendations for Commercial Vegetable Crops, No. 69 (revised) April 1955 Worms on the Corn in the Home Garden, No. 70, July 1953 Irrigation in Maryland, No. 71, July 1953; revised June 1955 Pasture Renovation, No. 72, July 1953 Diseases and Insects of Roses and Their Control, No. 73, Sep- tember 1953 Keeping Poultry Comfortable in Hot Weather, No. 74, July 1953 Fitting and Showing Your Dairy Animal, No. 75, July 1953 Using and Managing Farm Ponds, No. 76, July 1953 Cattle Chutes for Easier Handling, No. 77, January 1954 Cutting Farm Costs, No. 78, March 1954 Farming Contour Strips, No. 79, March 1954 Planting Ornamental Trees and Shrubs, No. 80, March 1954 Maryland Lawn Culture, No. 81, May 1955 The Root Knot Diseases in Maryland, No. 82 [1954] Sweetened Baits for Fly Control, No. 83, June 1954; revised, May 1955 Growing Peaches, No. 84, 1954 A New Type Maryland Tobacco Barn, No. 85, December 1954 How to Prevent Wind Damage to Farm Buildings, No. 86 [December 1954] Spraying Hay Crops for Insects, No. 87 [1955] Hay Management for Barn Drying, No. 88 [April 1955] Good Light for Stripping and Grading Tobacco, No. 89 [April 1955] Success in Brooding Turkey Poults, No. 90, May 1955 Plants Poisonous to Live Stock, No. 91, May 1955 Growing Alfalfa, No. 92, May 1955 Landscape Planning for the Small Property, No. 93, May 1955 Pasture and Hay Seedings for Maryland, No. 94, May 1955 A Guide For Improving Cropping Systems on Dairy and Live- stock Farms, No. 95, May 1955 Rotation and Cropping Systems For Feed Productions, No. 96, May 1955 Some Goals in Crop Production, No. 97, May 1955 Plant Food Removal by Feed Crops, No. 98, May 1955 Oat Production in Maryland, No. 93, May 1955 Soybean Production in Maryland, No. 100, May 1955 Avoiding Feed Shortages, No. 101, May 1955 Growing Corn in Maryland, No. 102, May 1955 Selecting the Right Grass and Legumes For Forage Produc- tion, No. 103, June 1955 Making Grass Silage, No. 104, June 1955 Selecting The Small Grains For Your Farm, No. 105, May 1955 Maintaining and Improving Soil Tilth, No. 106, May 1955 Planning For Full Season Pasture, No. 107, June 1955 Growing Better Maryland Tobacco, No. 108, May 1955 Smuts of Grain and Their Control, No. 109, May 1955 How To Plan Your Hay Drier, No. 110, July 1955 MARYLAND MANUAL 147

Fertilizer and Planting Practices for Maryland Tobacco, No. Ill, June 1955 Zoysin as a Turf Grass, No. 112, June 1955 4-H and Home Series If the Shoe Fits—, No. 3, September 1953 Your Real Size, No. 4, October 1953 Your Pattern—The Size and Type You Buy, No. 5, November 1955 Milk For A Healthier You, No. 6, November 1953 Grow Older Graciously, No. 7 [December 1953] These Mysterious Teen-Agers, No. 8, December 1953 Sewing With Plaids, No. 9, May 1954 Baby Sitting, No. 10, 1954 Family Recreation, No. 11, 1954 Arranging Furniture for Girls’ Bedrooms, No. 12, November 1954 Your Guide to Good Eating, No. 13 [1955] Toys for The Small Child, No. 14 [1955] Know How, Show How, Tell How, No. 15 [1955] Games, Make Them At Home, No. 16 [1955] How to Make the Laced On Type Lamp Shade, No. 18 [1955] The Drainage Law of Maryland, Circular 137 (revised) July 1953 Marketing Fresh Sweet Corn in Maryland, Miscellaneous Ex- tension Publication No. 20, May 1953 Supply Controls and Price Supports in the Marketing of Mary- land Tobacco, Miscellaneous Extension Publication 25, June 1954

UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND—AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Annual Report of the: 1953/54 Labor Use in the Eastern Shore Truck Crop Harvest, Miscel- laneous Publication 174, November 1953 Family Type and Social Participation, Miscellaneous Publication No. 196, June 1954 Facilities, Services and Tax Support of Rural Volunteer Fire Companies in Maryland, Misc. Publication 209, June 1954 Prices Paid by Maryland Farmers, Misc. Publication 218, Octo- ber 1954 A Field Conveyor for Harvesting Vegetables, Misc. Publication 224, February 1955 Revised Index Numbers of Prices of Fertilizer Materials, Misc. Publication 230, April 1955 An Analysis of Rural Cooperative Credit In Maryland, Misc. Publication 241, June 1955 Pasture Mixtures, Bulletin 444, June 1953 Cause and Control of the Red Stele Disease of Strawberries, Bulletin 445, June 1953 Maryland Farmers Look at Social Security, Bulletin 446, June 1954 Effects of Merchandising Schools on the Retail Practices and Sales of Poultry and Eggs, Bulletin 447, January 1954 Fire Protection and Prevention Measures on Farms in Maryland, Bulletin 448, January 1954 Pasture Renovation, Bulletin 449, June 1954 The Chesapeake Tomato, A New Variety Resistant to Fruit Cracking, Bulletin 450, June 1954 148 MARYLAND MANUAL

Marketing Maryland Tobacco, Bulletin 451, November 1954 A Tobacco Spearing Machine for Harvesting Air-Cured Tobacco, Bulletin 452, October 1954 Seedling Year Management of Medium Red Clover, Irifolium Prateuse L., Bulletin 453, February 1955 Weighing, Sampling and Testing Milk and Cream in Maryland, Dairy Inspection Service, Bulletin 454, June 1955 Pastures for Beef Cattle, Bulletin 455, June 1955 A Classication of the Caccid Family Aclerdidoe, Bulletin A-75, June 1953 (Over stamped Date of Issue February 1954) Sales Taxes and Their Application To Farmers, Bulletin A-76, June 1953 Identification and Host-Parasite Relationships of Certain Root- Knot Nematodes (Meloedgyne S P P), Bulletin A-77, Janu- ary 1954 Development of the Maryland No. 1 Breed of Swine, Bulletin A-79, February 1955 The Physiological Action of Boron in Higher Plants: A Review and Interpretation, Bulletin A-80, Dec. 1954 Investigations on Insects Attacking The Sweet Corn Ear, Bul- letin A-82, June 1955 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND—STATE HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT The Suppression and Control of Insect Pests and Plant Diseases in Maryland, Circular 71, April 1954 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND—BUREAU OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC RESEARCH Studies In Business and Economics Vol. VII, No. 2, Scientific Methods In Business: Some Observations, September 1953 No. 3, Coal In Maryland Economy, 1736-1965, De- cember 1953 No. 4, Southern Maryland: A Tobacco Economy, March 1954 Vol. VIII, No. 1, Where East is West: European Enclaves in Asia, June 1954 No. 2, A Regional Interindustry Study of Mary- land, September 1954 No. 3, Our Poised Economy, December 1954 No. 4, Estimating Maryland Government and Busi- ness Potentials, March 1955 Vol. IX, No. 1, Asia Is Our Business, June 1955 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND—BUREAU OF GOVERN- MENTAL RESEARCH Proposed Incorporation of Glen Burnie, A Study Prepared for the Commissioners of Anne Arundel County, 1953 Economic Indicators of Maryland Counties, A Report Prepared for the Subcommittee on Financing of Maryland Health Ac- tivities of the Committee on Medical Care, State Planning Commission 1954 How States Find Out About Their Tourist Trade, 1954 WAR RECORDS DIVISION History of the 110th Field Artillery, 1953 History of the 175th Infantry (Maryland Fifth), 1955 MARYLAND MANUAL 149

WATER POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION Proposed Pennsylvania Anthracite Mine Drainage Tunnel, 1954 STATE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE Report of the: 29, 1952/53; 30, 1953/54 Monthly Financial and Statistical Report

Legislature Of Maryland

LEGISLATURE General Assembly 153 Legislative Council 154 Roster of Members 157 Biographical Sketches 162

MARYLAND MANUAL 153 LEGISLATURE THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY Louis L. Goldstein, President of the Senate John C. Luber, Speaker of the House of Delegates The legislative powers of the State of Maryland are vested in the General Assembly which consists of two distinct branches, the Senate and the House of Delegates (Const. 1867, Art. Ill, sec. 1). The General Assembly at the present time consists of 152 members: 29 Senators and 123 members of the House of Delegates. Each county and each of the six Legislative Districts of the city of Baltimore is entitled to one Senator. The members of the House of Delegates are elected by the counties and the Legislative Districts of Baltimore City. The number of Delegates for each county varies from two to six and each Legislative District is entitled to six delegates. This membership formerly was determined by a formula based upon population (set forth in the Constitution); but, by the terms of a Constitutional amendment adopted in 1950, the membership of the House of Delegates was frozen at its then current number (III, 5). Every Senator or Delegate must be a citizen of the State, and a resident of it for at least three years preceding the date of his election and the last year thereof, he must have resided in the county or the Legislative District of Baltimore City which he represents. A Senator must be at least twenty-five years of age at the time of his election and a Delegate at least twenty-one. No member of Congress or any person holding a civil or military office under the United States Government nor any clergyman or minister shall be eligible for election to the General Assembly (III, 9, 10, 11). The term of each Senator and Delegate shall be for four years from the date of his election (XVII). All vacancies occurring in either House through death, resignation or disqualification shall be filled by the Governor, who shall appoint a person whose name is submitted to him in writing by the State Central Committee of the party to which the person holding the vacated seat belonged, and the person appointed must be affiliated with that party. All persons so appointed shall serve for the unexpired portion of the term (III, 13, amended November 1936). Each House shall elect its own officers and shall be judge of its own members and shall establish rules for the conduct of its business. The General Assembly meets annually. Sessions in odd-numbered years begin the first Wednesday in January and are limited to ninety days; the sessions meeting in even-numbered years begin the first Wednesday of February and are limited to thirty days. The sessions in even-numbered years are limited to the consideration of budgetary matters, matters in the general public welfare and legislation of an emergency nature. The Governor may call special sessions at any time he deems it necessary (III, 14, amended). The General Assembly is required to pass at each regular session a budget bill which shall contain the budget for the State government for the next fiscal year. Upon the passage of the bill by both Houses, it becomes law without further action (III, 52). The General Assembly has power to pass such laws as are necessary for the welfare of the State, and in addition, it has the power to pass public local laws for counties and special taxing areas. The Home Rule Amendment of 1954 (XI-E) almost entirely prohibits the Gen- eral Assembly from passing local legislation regarding incorporated 154 MARYLAND MANUAL cities and towns, although retaining its power to pass general State- wide laws. The General Assembly may establish such departments of the State government as are necessary for its efficient operation and may establish special taxing districts or areas within the State for the purpose of administering a special function or functions. The General Assembly may establish such taxes as are in accordance with the Constitution of the State and of the United States. It may propose amendments to the State Constitution, which must be embodied in a regular legislative bill and passed by three-fifths of the total membership of each House. All amendments to the Constitution must be submitted to the voters at the next general election after their passage. All bills passed by the General Assembly become law when signed by the Governor or passed over his veto by three-fifths of the membership of each House, on the first day of June after the session in which the law was passed; except, (1) when a later date is specified in the act or (2) when the bill is declared an emergency measure and passed by three-fifths of the total number of members of each house, in which case the bill becomes law immediately upon its approval by the Governor. The General Assembly may add a referendum provision to any local bill but may not submit a state-wide bill to referendum (with the exception of a Soldiers’ Bonus Bill). Any state-wide bill, except an appropriation bill, and any local bill which concerns a county or Baltimore City may be submitted to a referendum by petition. No bill subject to a referendum shall be enforceable until approved by a majority of the voters at the election in which the referred bill is voted upon, except an emergency bill which shall be effective immediately but shall remain effective thirty days following its rejection by the voters (XVI). The House of Delegates has sole power of impeachment of any officer of the State. A bill of impeachment must be approved by a majority of the whole number of members of the House. The Senate tries all impeachment cases, and a verdict of guilty must be con- curred in by two-thirds of the total number of Senators (III, 26). The Senate has the additional power to confirm officers appointed by the Governor as may be provided by the Constitution or by the act creating such office. The State Treasurer is elected by a joint ballot of both Houses every fourth year. The General Assembly also elects the Gov- ernor in case of a tie or ineligibility of the winning candidate; and should the office become vacant while it is in session, then the Gen- eral Assembly shall elect a successor; otherwise, the President of the Senate succeeds to the office until the next regular session. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $689,165 $462,000 Staff: 23 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL CHAIRMAN: Louis L. Goldstein, President of the Senate VICE CHAIRMAN: John C. Luber, Speaker of the House of Delegates MEMBERS FROM THE SENATE: Ex-officio Members: John Grason Turnbull, Chairman, Finance Committee; Frederick C. Malkus, Chairman, Com- MARYLAND MANUAL 155

mittee on Judicial Proceedings; Harry T. Phoebus, Minority Floor Leader. Appointive Members: Joseph A. Bertorelli, Anthony F. DiDomenico, Ralph L. Mason, James B. Monroe, Louis N. Phipps, Jacob R. Ramsburg. MEMBERS FROM THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES: Ex-officio Members: A. Gordon Boone, Chairman, Ways and Means Committee; Lloyd L. Simpkins, Chairman, Judiciary Committee; Melvin H. Derr, Minority Floor Leader. Appointive Members: C. Ray Barnes, J. Raymond Buffing- ton, Jr., Fred B. Driscoll, Henry H. Hanna, Jerome G. Robinson, Perry C. Wilkinson. Carl N. Everstine, Secretary and Research Director City Hall, Baltimore 2 Telephone PLaza 2-2000 The Legislative Council was established by the General Assembly in 1939. The Council consists of twenty members, ten from the Senate and ten from the House of Delegates. The President of the Senate, the Chairman of the Committee on Judicial Proceedings, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and the Minority Floor Leader are ex-officio members from the Senate. The President of the Senate appoints the remaining six members, at least two of whom shall be from the minority party; the appointments are subject to approval by majority vote of the Senate. The Speaker of the House of Dele- gates, the Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, the Chair- man of the Judiciary Committee, and the Minority Floor Leader are ex-officio members from the House. The Speaker appoints the remaining six members, at least two of whom shall be from the minority party; the appointments being subject to approval by majority vote of the House. The President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House serve as Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Council respectively. The Council meets in the interim between the regular sessions of the General Assembly to study previously enacted laws, suggesting any necessary amendments thereto; to recommend a program of legislation in the form of proposed bills; and to study the rules of both Houses of the General Assembly and suggest such revisions as may be necessary to expedite the business of the Legislature. To carry out these functions, the Council receives recommendations from the various State agencies, bar associations, labor unions and other organized groups and private individuals. Hearings are held on legislative proposals and the Council may subpoena witnesses and records.

RESEARCH DIVISION A Research Division was established for the purpose of making legal and factual studies of legislation or proposed legislation referred to the Division by the Council. The Division also prepares studies on any matters which may be referred to it by any committee or commission appointed by the Council, or by either or both Houses of the General Assembly, and with the consent of the Council, by any commission or committee appointed by the Governor (Code 1951, Art. 40, secs. 27-39). Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $40,000 $40,000 Staff: 22. 156 MARYLAND MANUAL

NEW NORTHERN CITY LINE

Map of

BALTIMORE CITY Showing boundaries of Legislative Districts MARYLAND MANUAL 157

ROSTER OF MEMBERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF MARYLAND 1955 SENATE BALTIMORE CITY First Legislative District Joseph A. Bertorelli D 314 S. High St. Second Legislative District Anthony F. DiDomenico D 1102 N. Patterson Park Ave. Third Legislative District Thomas F. Dempsey D 15 York Court Fourth Legislative District Harry A. Cole R 2218 Madison Ave. Fifth Legislative District Philip H. Goodman D 3415 Forest Park Ave. Sixth Legislative District George W. Della D 403 Warren Ave. ALLEGANY COUNTY Robert B. Kimble 1 R 3 Altamont Terrace, Cumberland ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY Louis N. Phipps D 67 College Ave., Annapolis BALTIMORE COUNTY John Grason Turnbull D Belfast Rd., Sparks CALVERT COUNTY Louis L. Goldstein D Prince Frederick CAROLINE COUNTY Layman J. Redden D Second St., Denton CARROLL COUNTY Stanford Hoff 2 R Westminster CECIL COUNTY James Weinroth D, 136 North St., Elkton CHARLES COUNTY James B. Monroe R. Waldorf DORCHESTER COUNTY Frederick C. Malkus, Jr D 2 Church St., Cambridge FREDERICK COUNTY „ , . , Jacob R. Ramsburg R 448 E. Patrick St., Frederick GARRETT COUNTY . ^ Clifford Friend R Accident 1 Resigned March 1955, succeeded by Charles M. See. 2 Resigned August 1955 and succeeded by Sherman Flannigan. 158 MARYLAND MANUAL

HARFORD COUNTY William S. James D Bel Air HOWARD COUNTY Frank E. Shipley D Savage KENT COUNTY John R. Jewell D Chestertown MONTGOMERY COUNTY Edward S. Northrop D ...8615 Connecticut Ave., Chevy Chase PRINCE GEORGE’S COUNTY H. Winship Wheatley, Jr D .4300 Claggett Pineway, Hyattsville QUEEN ANNE’S COUNTY Robert P. Dean D Centreville ST. MARY’S COUNTY Joseph A. Mattingly D Leonardtown SOMERSET COUNTY Harry T. Phoebus R Princess Anne TALBOT COUNTY John-Clarence North D Easton WASHINGTON COUNTY Charles L. Downey R Rt. 2, Williamsport WICOMICO COUNTY Mary L. Nock D 914 Camden Ave., Salisbury WORCESTER COUNTY Ralph L. Mason D Newark

HOUSE OF DELEGATES BALTIMORE CITY First Legislative District Edward W. Dabrowski D ...1801 E. Lombard St. Edward R. Milanicz D 2307 Fleet St. Benjamin A. Mrozinski D .627 S. Kenwood Ave. John J. Nowakowski D ...305 S. Ellwood Ave. James J. Silk I) 742 S. Decker Ave. Elmer E. Walters D 17 N. Curley St. Second Legislative District Edward J. Bartos, Sr D 2212 E. Eager St. Rudy Behounek D 2406 E. Monument St. Thomas H. Hedrick D 216 W. Madison St. Joseph V. Mach D 2612 Beryl Ave. Chester J. Ray 1 D 823 N. Patterson Park Ave. Joseph A. Urban D 510 N. Belnord Ave. Third Legislative District Joseph A. Acker D 2702 Hugo Ave. 1 Resigned in June 1955, succeeded by Camillo N. Antonelli. MARYLAND MANUAL 159

Edward W. Brooks D. 4333 Glenmore Ave. J. R. Buffington, Jr D. 520 Radnor Ave. Samuel A. Culotta R. 1439 N. Gay St. Melvin R. Kenney, Sr R. 1709 Woodbourne Ave. Edward J. McNeal D. ....2909 Cresmont Ave. Fourth Legislative District Murray Abramson D. 803 Brooks Lane Emory R. Cole R. 1137 Myrtle Ave. Sol J. Friedman D. ...2615 Keyworth Ave. Truly Hatchett D. .2026 Druid Hill Ave. Jerome Robinson D. ."?30~ Rca^roiFstr 3'Z^t’ Earl I. Rosenthal2 D. 3824 Greenspring Ave. Fifth Legislative District Carl W. Bacharach D 3814 Sequoia Ave. Maurice Cardin D 3912 Glengyle Ave. John P. Fitzgerald D 714 N. Augusta Ave. John C. Luber D 4001 W. Franklin St. Marvin Mandel D 2900 W. Strathmore Ave. Edgar P. Silver D 2900 Forest Glen Rd. Sixth Legislative District Henry T. Baynes D. .781 Washington Blvd. William P. Corrigan D. 432 E. Fort Ave. William L. Hodges D. 1225 W. Cross St. Frederick L. Loose, Jr D. 442 E. Clement St. Wilson William Meyers D. 437 S. Gilmore St. William J. Myers D. 4101 Brooklyn Ave. ALLEGANY COUNTY Noel Speir Cook R. 5 Broadway, Frostburg Fred B. Driscoll R. ...719 Oldtown Rd., Cumberland George R. Hughes, Jr R. ,863 Columbia Ave., Cumberland Estel C. Kelley R. 708 Fayette St., Cumberland Lester B. Reed R. Mt. Savage Charles M. See 3 R. ...508 Forster Ave., Cumberland ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY Ira Bird Kirkland D. Box 450, Rt. 3, Woodland Beach, Edgewater Ridgely P. Melvin, Jr D. P. O. Box 224, Annapolis Orlando Ridout, IV D. R.F.D. No. 2, Annapolis Lewis Selby Tawney, Jr D. 210 B & A Blvd., N. W., Glen Burnie Calvin O. Wade D. Box 263, Severn John M. Whitmore D. 16 Mayo Ave., Bay Ridge, Annapolis BALTIMORE COUNTY A. Gordon Boone D Bellona Ave., Baltimore 12 Daniel B. Brewster D Brooklandville Charles F. Culver D 303 Frederick Rd., Catonsville Dorothy T. Jackson D.. ..8309 Harford Rd., Baltimore 14 John N. Maguire D.. ..13 Gumwood Drive, Baltimore 20 Roy N. Staten D.. 7207 Shipway, Dundalk 22

2 Resigned in May 1955, succeeded by Morton C. Pollock. 8 Appointed to the Senate in May 1955, succeeded by George F. S. Jeffrey. 160 MARYLAND MANUAL

CALVERT COUNTY Bennie C. Dowell D Lusby James E. Hance D Mutual CAROLINE COUNTY Orland B. Blades D. N. Main St., Preston Harry R. Hughes D. ..103 Gay St. Denton CARROLL COUNTY C. Ray Barnes R. .... Sykesville Joseph H. Hahn, Jr R. Westminster Donald E. Six R. Middleburg Carroll C. Smith R. ,. Hampstead CECIL COUNTY William F. Burkley D Elkton Guy Johnson D. 109 E. Main St., Elkton F. Reynolds Mackie D. Cecilton CHARLES COUNTY John W. Jenkins R. Bryans Road John T. Parran, Jr D. DyxiLWM'Rd., Indian Head DORCHESTER COUNTY John T. Adams D. 103 Belvedere Ave., Cambridge Earl Bennett D. 305 Talbot Ave., Cambridge Lottie R. Brinsfield D. R.F.D., Rhodesdale Clarence H. Corkran, Jr D. Somerset & School Sts., Cambridge FREDERICK COUNTY Melvin H. Derr R. ..609 Magnolia Ave., Frederick S. Fenton Harris R. 9 W. 12th St., Frederick Joseph B. Payne R. 12 S. Maple Ave., Brunswick Charles H. Smelser D. Route No. 2, Union Bridge Gary L. Utterback D. 110 W. 13th St., Frederick C. Clifton Virts D. 423 Lee Place, Frederick GARRETT COUNTY Jesse J. Ashby R 46 Pennington St., Oakland Harry C. Edwards R Grantsville Kermit S. Glotfelty R. Accident HARFORD COUNTY Thomas J. Hatem D. ...600 Franklin St., Havre de Grace W. Dale Hess ,D Fallston Charles M. Moore ,D 717 Ontario St., Havre de Grace Joseph D. Tydings ,D Oakington, Havre de Grace HOWARD COUNTY W. Howard Brown D Old Court Rd., Woodstock Daniel M. Murray, Jr D Ellicott City KENT COUNTY Roger B. Harris D R.F.D., Chestertown W. Paul Joiner D Worton MONTGOMERY COUNTY Warren Browning D 5409 Moorland Lane, Bethesda Gilbert Gude R 5411 Duvall Dr., Westmoreland Hills Members of Maryland Senate 1955

Louis L Goll stein President Calvert County

John Grason Turnbull Robert B. Kimble Majority Leader Minority Leader Baltimore County Allegany County Joseph A. Beetorelli Harry A. Cole Hubert P. Dean Baltimore, 1st Baltimore, 4th Queen Anne’s County

George W. Della Thomas F. Dempsey Anthony F. DiDomenico Baltimore, 6th Baitimore, Srd Baltimore, 2nd

Charles L. Downey Clifford Friend Philip H. Goodman Washington County Garrett County Baltimore, 5th Stanford Hoff William S. James John R. Jewell Carroll County Harford County Kent County

Frederick C. Malkus, Jr. Ralph L. Mason Joseph A. Mattingly Dorchester County Worcester County St. Mary’s County

James B. Monroe Mary L. Nock John-Clarence North Charles County Wicomico County Talbot County Edward S. Northrop Louis N. Phipps Harry T. Phoebus Montgomery County Anne Arundel County Somerset County

Jacob R. Ramsburg Layman J. Redden Frederick County Caroline County Members of Maryland House of Delegates

1955

John C. Lubee Speaker Baltimore, 5th

A. Gordon Boone Melvin H. Derr Majority Leader Minority Leader Baltimore County Frederick County Murray Abramson Joseph A. Acker John T. Adams Baltimore, 4th Baltimore, 3rd Dorchester County

Howard E. Ankeney Jesse J. Ashby Washington County Garrett County

Carl W. Bacharach C. Ray Barnes Edward J. Bartos, Sr. Baltimore, 5th Carroll County Baltimore, 2nd Lottie R. Brinsfield Edward W. Brooks W. Howard Brown Dorchester County Baltimore, 3rd Howard County

Warren Browning J. Raymond Buffington, Jr. Montgomery County Baltimore, 3rd

William F. Berkley Robert Powell Cannon Maurice Cardin Cecil County Wicomico County Baltimore, 5th Heney T. Baynes Rudolph Behounek Earl Bennett Baltimore, 6th Baltimore, 2nd Dorchester County

Jacob B, Berkson Orland B. Blades Washington County Caroline County

Myron L. Bloom Paul E. Brewer Daniel B. Brewster Washington County Washington County Baltimore County Emory R. Cole Frank A. Combs Noel Speir Cook Baltimore, 4th St. Mary’s County Allegany County

Clarence H. Corkran, Jr. William P. Corrigan Dorchester County Baltimore, 6th

Samuel A. Cullotta Charles F. Culver Edward W. Dabrowski Baltimore, 3rd Baltimore County Baltimore, 1st: Bennie C. Dowell Feed B. Driscoll Tilghman Eaton Calvert County Allegany County Queen Anne’s County

Harry C. Edwards John P. Fitzgerald Garrett County Baltimore, 5tli

Sol J. Friedman Kermit S. Glotfelty Gilbert Gude Baltimore, 4th Garrett County Montgomery County Joseph H. Hahn, Jr. James E. Hance Henry H. Hanna, Jr. Carroll County Calvert County Wicomico County

Roger B. Harris S. Fenton Harris Kent County Frederick County

W. Randolph Harrison Truly Hatchett Thomas J. Hatem Talbot County Baltimore, 4th Harford County Thomas H. Hedrick W. Dale Hess Russell 0. Hickman Baltimore, 2nd Harford County Worcester County

William L. Hodges George R. Hughes, Jr. Baltimore, 6th Allegany County

Harry R. Hughes John B. Huyett Dorothy T. Jackson Caroline County Washington County Baltimore County John W. Jenkins Guy Johnson W. Paul Joiner Charles County Cecil County Kent County

Estel C. Kelley Melvin R. Kenney, Sr. Allegany County Baltimore, 3rd

Ira Bird Kirkland Milton K. Larmore James C. Latham Anne Arundel County Wicomico County Talbot County Blair Lee, III Frederick L. Loose, Jr. Ernest A. Loveless, Jr. Montgomery County Baltimore, 6th Prince George’s County

Carroll Lowe Joseph V. Mach Talbot County Baltimore, 2nd

Hervey G. Machen F. Reynolds Mackie John N. Maguire Prince George’s County Cecil County Baltimore County Marvin Mandel Edward J. McNeal Ridgley P. Melvin, Jr. Baltimore, 5th Baltimore, 3rd Anne Arundel County

Wilson William Meyers Edward R. Milanicz Baltimore, 6th Baltimore, 1st

Charles M. Moore Benjamin A. Mrozinski Daniel M. Murray, Jr. Harford County Baltimore, 1st Howard County William J. Myers C. Philip Nichols John J. Nowakowski Baltimore, 6th Prince George’s County Baltimore, 1st

Myrtle A. Polk William G. Porter, Jr. J. Frank Raley, Jr. Worcester County Washington County St. Mary’s County Chester J. Ray Lester B. Reed Orlando Ridout, IV Baltimore, 2nd Allegany County Anne Arundel County

E. Layton Riggin Charles Elliott Risley Somerset County Queen Anne’s County Margaret C. Schweinhaut Charles M. See Carlton R. Sickles Montgomery County Allegany County Prince George’s County

James J. Silk Edgar P. Silver Baltimore, 1st Baltimore, 5th

Lloyd Lewis Simpkins Donald E. Six Charles H. Smelser Somerset County Carroll County Frederick County Carroll C. Smith Roy N. Staten A. Hartley Stevens, Jr. Carroll County Baltimore County Worcester County

J. Ellis Tawes Lewis Selby Tawney, Jr. Somerset County Anne Arundel County

Joseph D. Tydings ^ oseph A. Urban Gary L. Utterback Harford County Baltimore, 2nd Frederick County C. Clifton Virts Calvin 0. Wade Elmer E. Walters Frederick County Anne Arundel County Baltimore, 1st

William B. Wheeler Edward Homer White, Jr. Montgomery County Wicomico County

John M. Whitmore Perry O. Wilkinson Charles W. Woodward, Jr. Anne Arundel County Prince George’s County Montgomery County MARYLAND MANUAL 161 Blair Lee, III D. ..400 Warrenton Dr., Silver Spring Margaret C. Schweinhaut....D 7202 Maple Ave., Chevy Chase William B. Wheeler D 1312 Woodside Pkwy., Silver Spring Charles W. Woodward, Jr D 10 Maryland Ave., Rockville PRINCE GEORGE’S COUNTY Ernest A. Loveless, Jr D. 41 Horseshoe Dr., Clinton Hervey G. Machen D. .4107 Hamilton St., Hyattsville C. Philip Nichols D. ,150 Washington Blvd., Laurel Lansdale G. Sasscer, Jr D. Upper Marlboro Carlton R. Sickles D. .1203 Quebec St., Silver Spring Perry 0. Wilkinson D. 6404 Queens Chapel Rd., Hyattsville QUEEN ANNE’S COUNTY Tilghman Eaton D. Chester Charles Elliott Risley D. Grasonville ST. MARY’S COUNTY Prank A. Combs D Box E, Leonardtown J. Frank Raley, Jr D Lexington Park SOMERSET COUNTY E. Layton Riggin D Crisfield Lloyd L. Simpkins D ..Princess Anne J. Ellis Tawes D Crisfield TALBOT COUNTY W. Randolph Harrison D Tilghman James C. Latham D 302 S. Aurora St., Easton Carroll Lowe D McDaniel WASHINGTON COUNTY Howard E. Ankeney.... ,D Clearspring Jacob B. Berkson .R 1419 Potomac Ave., Hagerstown Myron L. Bloom .D St. James Paul E. Brewer .R 2 Broadway, Hagerstown John B. Huyett .D Route No. 1, Clearspring William G. Porter, Jr.., .R 1632 Sherman Ave., Hagerstown WICOMICO COUNTY Robert Powell Cannon D 207 N. Division St., Salisbury Henry H. Hanna D Woodland Rd., Salisbury Milton K. Larmore R 421 W. College Ave., Salisbury E. Homer White, Jr D...438 Pennsylvania Ave., Salisbury WORCESTER COUNTY Russell O. Hickman D Whaleyville Myrtle A. Polk D Pocomoke City A. Hartley Stevens, Jr D Church St., Snow Hill Democrats Republicans Total Senate 21 8 29 House 98 25 123 119 33 152 Democratic Majority in Senate 13 Democratic Majority in House 73 Democratic Majority on Joint Ballot. 86 162 MARYLAND MANUAL

GENERAL ASSEMBLY BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF MEMBERS SENATE JOSEPH A. BERTORELLI, Democrat, Baltimore 1st; born in Baltimore, June 10, 1911. He attended public school in Baltimore, the Baltimore College of Commerce, and Baltimore City College. From 1944 to 1945 he served in the Asiatic-Pacific Theatres with the United States Navy. Professional Musician, Past Commander American Legion Post No. 177, President Italian American Civic Club of Maryland, Inc., Past President Southern Community Council. Member, Knights of Columbus, Eagles, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Past Vice President Musicians Local No. 40 of Baltimore City. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. Elected to the Baltimore City Council in 1951. Elected to the Senate in 1954. HARRY A. COLE, Republican, Baltimore 4th; born in Washington, D. C., January 1, 1921. He attended the public schools of Baltimore, Morgan State College, graduating in 1943, and the University of Maryland Law School, graduating in 1949. Attorney. Member of the Maryland Bar. Formerly Justice of the Peace of Baltimore City and Assistant Attorney General of Maryland. From 1943 to 1946 he served as 1st Lieutenant, Quartermaster Corps. Secretary Monumental City Bar Association. Member, Y.M.C.A., Urban League, N.A.A.C.P. Unmarried. Elected to the Senate in 1954. ROBERT P. DEAN, Democrat, Queen Anne’s County; born in Ridgely April 9, 1909. He attended Caroline County public schools, Washington College, graduating in 1931, and Sperry Gyro School in New York, 1934. Farmer. Served in Cavalry, C.M.T.C., 1925-1929. President of Centreville Rotary Club and Past President Queen Anne’s County Farm Bureau. Married. Elected to the Senate in 1954. GEORGE W. DELLA, Democrat, Baltimore 6th; born in Baltimore, February 9, 1908, attending the public schools of that city and Baltimore City College, graduating 1927. Received B.B.A. degree from the University of Baltimore, 1932; graduated from University of Baltimore Law School in 1935 and was admitted to the Bar in 1.936. Attorney. Chairman, Insurance and Loans Committee, 1945 and 1947; chairman, Judicial Proceedings Committee, 1949 and 1950, member Baltimore Country Club and Masons. Married. Appointed to the Senate in 1939. President of the Senate 1951-1954. THOMAS F. DEMPSEY, Democrat, Baltimore 3rd; born in Hamil- ton, Baltimore County, September 6, 1914. He attended St. Paul’s School, Baltimore; Calvert Hall; and the University of Baltimore, graduating in 1938. Member of the Bar since 1941. Attorney. Married. Member House of Delegates 1939-1953. Elected to the Senate in 1954. ANTHONY F. DiDOMENICO, Democrat, Baltimore 2nd; born in Baltimore, June 24, 1905. Attended the Baltimore public schools, Uni- versity of Maryland, receiving degree of LL.B. in 1926; and the Johns Hopkins University. Attorney. Member of the House of Delegates 1942-1946 and of Baltimore City Council 1947-1954. Member of Elks. Unmarried. Elected to the Senate in 1954. CHARLES L. DOWNEY, Republican, Washington County; born at Downsville, May 31, 1915. Attended public schools and the University of Maryland, College of Agriculture, graduating 1938, B.S. degree. Operates farm machinery business. Taught vocational agriculture. Served 4% years World War II as Major with 102nd Infantry Divi- sion, European theatre. Married. Member of the House of Delegates, 1951-1955. Appointed to the Senate in 1955. MARYLAND MANUAL 163 CLIFFORD FRIEND, Republican, Garrett County; born at Friends- ville, May 13, 1896. Attended Garrett County public schools and Mountain State Business College, Parkersburg, West Virginia. Lum- berman and farmer. Served in U. S. Navy during World War I. Mar- ried. Elected to the Senate in 1954. LOUIS L. GOLDSTEIN, Democrat, Calvert County; born in Prince Frederick, March 14, 1913. Graduated from Calvert County public schools; received B.S. degree from Washington College, and LL.B. degree from University of Maryland. Member of Maryland and Dis- trict of Columbia Bars. Elected to House of Delegates in 1938; enlisted in Marine Corps in 1942 as private, discharged in 1946 as First Lieutenant; holds reserve commission of Captain in the Marine Corps; he is a commissioner from Maryland on the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission. Elected to the Senate in 1946. Married. Majority floor leader 1950-54; President of the Senate 1955. PHILIP HENRY GOODMAN, Democrat, Baltimore 5th; born, November 26, 1914, attended Baltimore City public schools, and the University of Baltimore receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1934. Attor- ney. Police Magistrate of Baltimore City 1943-1948; member of Bal- timore City Council 1951-1955. Married. Member Nu Beta Epsilon Legal Fraternity, Beth El Congregation, and former member athletic staff of Loyola College (1945-1950). Elected to the Senate in 1954. STANFORD HOFF, Republican, Carroll County; born in West- minster, March 31, 1911; attended the public schools of Westminster, Western Maryland College, and the University of Maryland Law School graduating in 1934. Attorney. During World War II, he served with the 36th Field Artillery and the 77th Division Artillery in the Asiatic and Pacific Theatres; entering as a First Lieutenant, he was discharged a Lieutenant Colonel. Chairman of Republican State Central Committee of Maryland 1948 to 1951. Married. He was a member of the House of Delegates 1939-1942. Elected to the Senate in 1946. Resigned, August 1955. WILLIAM S. JAMES, Democrat, Harford County; born in Aber- deen, February 14, 1914. Attended public school at Havre de Grace, the Tome School at Port Deposit, 1928-1932, the University of Dela- ware 1932-34, and the Law School of the University of Maryland, graduating in 1937. Attorney. Trial Magistrate at Havre de Grace, 1944- 1946. Member Board of Library Trustees, Harford County, 1945- 1953. Unmarried. Member of the House of Delegates 1947-1954. Elected to the Senate in 1954. JOHN R. JEWELL, Democrat, Kent County; born in Lynch, Kent County, June 18, 1914. Attended the public schools of Kent County. He is a grain, farm equipment and automobile dealer. Member of the Kent County School Building Commission, 1946. Married. Elected to the Senate in 1950. ROBERT B. KIMBLE, Republican, Allegany County; born at Williamsport, Washington County, Maryland, October 2, 1903. Elect- ed to the House of Delegates in 1932. Married. Elected to the Senate in 1934. Resigned in April 1955. FREDERICK C. MALKUS, JR., Democrat, Dorchester County; born in Baltimore July 1, 1913. Graduate of Western Maryland College and the Law School of the University of Maryland. Member of the Bar. Served with the First Army in Europe during World War II. Unmarried. Member of the House of Delegates 1946-1950. Elected to the Senate in 1950. RALPH L. MASON, Democrat, Worcester County. Born in Snow Hill May 18, 1896. Attended public schools of Worcester County and 164 MARYLAND MANUAL Beacom Business College, Salisbury. Canner, banker, farmer. Mason. Married. Appointed to the Senate in 1952. JOSEPH A. MATTINGLY, Democrat, St. Mary’s County; born at Leonardtown, January 2, 1916. Attended St. Mary’s Academy, Leon- ard Hall, and the University of Maryland, graduating in 1941. Ad- mitted to the Bar the same year. Served with the Navy as Lieutenant Commander 1941-1946. Married. Member of the House of Delegates 1946-1950. State’s Attorney, St. Mary’s County 1950-1954; Elected to the Senate in 1954. JAMES B. MONROE, Republican, Charles County; born in Wal- dorf, August 10, 1908. Automobile dealer; he served in the House of Delegates 1935-1945. Member of the Legislative Council 1939-1945; 1951. Unmarried. Elected to the Senate in 1946. MARY L. NOCK, Democrat, Wicomico County; born at Green Hill, Wicomico County. Attended public schools of Wicomico County, graduate of Beacom Business College, Wilmington, Delaware. House- wife. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. Elected to the Senate in 1954. JOHN-CLARENCE NORTH, Democrat, Talbot County; born at Tilghman, Talbot County, August 25, 1922. Attended the public schools of Easton and the University of Baltimore. Attorney. Member of the Maryland Bar, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Lions, V.F.W., Masons, Shriners. Served in U. S. Navy during World War II. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. Elected to the Senate in 1954. EDWARD S. NORTHROP, Democrat, Montgomery County; born in Chevy Chase, June 12, 1911. Attended public schools of Mont- gomery County, Woodberry Forest Preparatory School and George Washington University graduating in 1936. Attorney. Member of the Maryland Bar. Served in U. S. Navy, with rank of Commander, 1941-1946. Member of Board of Managers, Chevy Chase Village, 1932- 1933; Superintendent of Public Service, Chevy Chase Village, 1933- 1941; Attorney Chevy Chase Village 1946. Married. Elected to the Senate in 1954. LOUIS N. PHIPPS, Democrat, Anne Arundel County; born at Tracy’s Landing, Anne Arundel County, March 6, 1896. Attended the Anne Arundel County public schools and a graduate of the Uni- versity of Baltimore. He is an automobile dealer and garage owner. He served overseas with the 79th Division during World War I and with the Ordnance Department during World War II. Twice elected Mayor of the City of Annapolis and former Alderman of the same city. Married. Member of the Senate 1938-1942, and from 1950. HARRY T. PHOEBUS, Republican, Somerset County; born at Oriole, Somerset County, February 24, 1893. Attended the public schools at Oriole. He is an automobile dealer and in the real estate business. Member of the House of Delegates 1917-1921; County Com- missioner, Somerset County, 1921-1925; Treasurer, Somerset County, 1925; State Senator 1934-1937; Commissioner of Labor and Statistics 1937. Married. Elected to the Senate in 1946. Elected Minority Leader April 1955. JACOB R. RAMSBURG, Republican, Ferderick County; born near Lewistown, Frederick County, February 16, 1908. Attended the public schools of Frederick County. Insurance agent. President Frederick County Council on Religious Education; member, Salvation Army Ad- visory Board of Frederick, Lions, Frederick Chamber of Commerce. President, East Frederick Civic Improvement Association. Married. MARYLAND MANUAL 165 Minority Floor Leader of the House in 1947, 1949, 1950. Member House of Delegates 1934-1950. Elected to the Senate in 1950. LAYMAN J. REDDEN, Democrat, Caroline County; born in Den- ton, October 6, 1904. Attended the public schools of Caroline County, Blair Academy in New Jersey and the University of Pennsylvania, graduating in 1926. Graduate work in Law taken at Washington and Lee University and University of Maryland. He was admitted to the Maryland Bar in 1934. He served as Secretary of the local Selective Service Advisory Board during World War II, as State’s Attorney for Caroline County, 1934-1946, and as a Delegate to the State Democratic Convention in 1946. Member Legislative Council, 1950-1954. President of Caroline County Bar Association, 1954. Married. Elected to the Senate in 1950. FRANK E. SHIPLEY, Democrat, Howard County; born in Savage, Howard County, October 9, 1890. He attended the Howard County public schools, Western Maryland College and the University of Maryland Medical School, graduating in 1915. Physician. Served in Medical Corps U. S. Army during World War I. Treasurer of Howard County, 1930-1946; member and past president, Board of Managers, Rosewood State Training School; director and vice-president Laurel Building Association; director of Patapsco National Bank of Ellicott City; past president Howard County Medical Society; member Mary- land Jockey Club, Mason, Eastern Star. Married. Elected to the Senate in 1954. JOHN GRASON TURNBULL, Democrat, Baltimore County; born at Towson, January 23, 1909. Attended McDonogh School, The Johns Hopkins University and the Maryland Law School, graduating in 1932. Admitted to the Bar the same year. Deputy State’s Attorney for Baltimore County, 1939-1943. Member of the House of Delegates, 1943, resigning to enter the Army the same year; inducted as Private, discharged as Captain. State’s Attorney for Baltimore County, 1947- 1948. Married. Appointed to the Senate in 1948. Chairman Finance Committee and Majority Leader, 1955. JAMES WEINROTH, Democrat, Cecil County, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 30, 1907. He attended Cecil County public schools, the University of Pennsylvania, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Science in Economics in 1927; and the Temple University School of Law, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1933. Attorney. Trial Magis- trate Cecil County 1947-1951; former counsel to the Board of License Commissioners of Cecil County. Mason, Odd Fellow and Elk. Married. Elected to the Senate in 1954. H. WINSHIP WHEATLEY, JR., Democrat, Prince George’s County; born March 22, 1908 in Washington, D. C.; attended Prince George's County public schools, Gonzaga High School, Georgetown University and National University Law School. Attorney. Member of the Bars of Maryland and District of Columbia. Hyattsville City Attorney, 1932-1939. State’s Attorney for Prince George’s County 1938-1942, military leave 1939-1941. Appointed Special Prosecutor 1947. Served in U. S. Navy, World War II, 1941-1946. Active in Veterans’ organizations. Vice chairman, county chapter, American Red Cross. Married. Elected to the Senate in 1954.

HOUSE OF DELEGATES MURRAY ABRAMSON, Democrat, Baltimore 4th; born in Balti- more, December 28, 1902. He attended the Baltimore public schools. Executive Secretary, Rent Housing Commission. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. 166 MARYLAND MANUAL

JOSEPH A. ACKER, Democrat, Baltimore 3rd; born in Baltimore, December 19, 1898. Attended St. James parochial school. Investigator and adjuster. Served as member of Panel of War Labor Board 1943- 1945. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. JOHN T. ADAMS, Democrat, Dorchester County; born in Cam- bridge, April 29, 1905. Attended the public schools of Cambridge. Fuel dealer. Judge of the Orphans’ Court 1938-1950. Master Mason, member of Advisory Committee Boy Scouts Troop 188. Married. Elect- ed to the House of Delegates in 1950. HOWARD E. ANKENEY, Democrat, Washington County; born near Clear Spring, Washington County, August 12, 1903. Attended school at Charlton. Merchant. Married. Elected to the House of Dele- gates in 1943. JESSE J. ASHBY, Republican, Garrett County; born at Crellin, Garrett County, January 29, 1890. Attended Garrett County public schools. Former deputy sheriff, Sheriff, Treasurer, and Clerk to the County Commissioners of Garrett County. Former member of Oak- land City Council. Mason, Knights of Pythias, and Woodman of the World. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. CARL W. BACH A RACK, Democrat, Baltimore 5th; born in Balti- more, July 27, 1921. Attended the public schools of Baltimore, Balti- more City College, the University of Maryland, graduating with A.B., 1942; LL.B., 1947. Attorney. Member of the Maryland Bar, Civitan Club, American Legion, Isaac Walton League, Real Estate Board. Served in the U. S. Army 1942-1945. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. C. RAY BARNES, Republican, Carroll County; born at Taylors- ville, Carroll County, September 15, 1890. He attended the public schools of Carroll County. Retired farmer. Trustee of the Carroll County Historical Society; Director of the First National Bank of Mt. Airy and the Mt. Airy Building and Loan Association. Superint- endent, Taylorsville Methodist Church School. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1926. EDWARD J. BARTOS, SR., Democrat, Baltimore 2nd; born in Baltimore, October 26, 1897. Attended parochial school in Baltimore. Steel worker. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. HENRY T. BAYNES, Democrat, Baltimore 6th; born in Baltimore, April 11, 1889. Attended the public schools of Baltimore. Florist. Member of the House of Delegates 1938-1950, and since 1954. RUDOLPH BEHOUNEK, Democrat, Baltimore 2nd; born in Cze- choslovakia, October 11, 1893. Businessman. Former member of the Port Development Commission of Baltimore City. Married. Member of the House of Delegates 1939-1941; and since 1949. EARL BENNETT, Democrat, Dorchester County; born on Holland Island, Dorchester County, June 24, 1894. He attended the Dorchester County public schools. Sales representative. Served with Naval Aviation in 1919. Married. Member of the House of Delegates 1935- 1938 and member of the Senate 1938-1946. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. JACOB B. BERKSON, Republican, Washington County; born in Hagerstown, December 6, 1925. He attended the Washington County public schools, University of Virginia, graduating in 1947 and the University of Virginia Law School receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1949. Attorney. Served in the U. S. N. R. on active duty 1943-1946 and 1952-1954, in the American, Pacific-Asiatic, and Japanese-Korean MARYLAND MANUAL 167

Theatres. Former Trial Magistrate of Washington County, 1951-1952. Member of the Maryland State Bar. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. ORLAND B. BLADES, Democrat, Caroline County; born in Sea- ford, Delaware, August 29, 1901. Attended the public schools of Pres- ton and Washington College. Feed and farm machinery dealer. Inter- national Counsellor of Lions International. Member of Masons. Mar- ried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. MYRON L. BLOOM, Democrat, Washington County; born at Tilgh- manton, Washington County, August 16, 1896. He attended the public schools of Washington County and Western Maryland College. He is a grain dealer and former school principal at Downsville. Postmaster of St. James, Maryland 1926-1943, trustee of Ashland College, Ash- land, Ohio, trustee Washington County Hospital, trustee Washing- ton County Orphans’ Home, trustee Washington County Historical Society, director Washington County National Savings Bank of Williamsport. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1942. A. GORDON BOONE, Democrat, Baltimore County; born in Balti- more County, December 2, 1910. Attended public schools in Baltimore, the Jacob Tome Institute and the Johns Hopkins University, graduating in 1934. Attorney. Admitted to the Bar in 1937. President Balti- more County Bar Association 1950 and 1951. Counsel to the Balti- more County Welfare Board 1940-1942. From 1942-1945 he served with the Amphibious Forces, U. S. Naval Reserve, as Lieutenant Commander. Unmarried. Majority Leader, 1951-1952; 1955. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. PAUL E. BREWER, Republican, Washington County; born at Clear Spring, Washington County, November 25, 1892. Attended Washington County public schools. Salesman. Married. Member of Fraternal Order of Police and the Knights of Pythias. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. DANIEL B. BREWSTER, Democrat, Baltimore County; born in Brooklandville, Baltimore County, November 23, 1923. Attended Gil- man and St. Paul’s schools, Princeton University, the Johns Hopkins University and graduated from the Law School of the University of Maryland in 1949. Admitted to the Bar the same year. Captain, U. S. Marine Corps Reserve, enlisted 1942, served in South Pacific 1943- 1945. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. LOTTIE ROBINSON BRINSFIELD, Democrat, Dorchester County; born May 13, 1898 in Sharptown, Wicomico County. Attended the public schools of Wicomico County and Beacom Business College, Salisbury. Housewife. Past-president of the Upper Dorchester County Garden Club, member of the Eastern Star and of the Board of Di- rectors of the Cambridge-Maryland Hospital. Appointed to the House of Delegates to succeed her husband, the late D. Floyd Brinsfield, in March 1953. EDWARD WALTER BROOKS, Democrat, Baltimore 3rd; born in Baltimore, September 25, 1895. Attended the Baltimore public schools. Haberdasher. Former president Maryland State Baseball Association; Maryland Amateur Baseball Association; President of Inter-State Baseball Association; member of Moose, Junior Order, Kiwanis and Gardenville Improvement Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. WILLIAM HOWARD BROWN, Democrat, Howard County; born at Woodstock, Howard County, April 29, 1907. He attended Howard County public schools. Farmer. Former member Howard County 168 MARYLAND MANUAL

Board of Zoning Appeals and Chairman of Howard County Farmers Home Administration Committee. Member of Odd Fellows. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. WARREN BROWNING, Democrat, Montgomery County; born in Washington, D. C., June 29, 1915. He attended the public schools of the District of Columbia, the University of Maryland, University of Edinburgh (Scotland) and Georgetown University School of Law, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1939. Attorney. Served in Judge Advocate Generals Office, 1944-1946. Former Assistant Corporation Counsel for the District of Columbia, former Trial Magistrate of Montgomery County and former commissioner, Washington Subur- ban Sanitary Commission. Member of Maryland and District of Columbia Bars. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. J. RAYMOND BUFFINGTON, JR., Democrat, Baltimore 3rd; born at Baltimore, May 23, 1911. He attended Baltimore City College; Wil- liam and Mary College and American University from which he graduated in 1933. Wholesale food broker. President of Baltimore Butter and Egg Exchange, member of Board of Directors Oldtown Merchants and Manufacturers Association; Mason, Shriner. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1942. WILLIAM F. BERKLEY, Democrat, Cecil County; born at Elkton, January 31, 1930. He attended Cecil County public schools, the Uni- versity of Richmond, Goldey Business College, Wilmington, Delaware, and the University of Maryland Law School. Insurance and real estate broker. Member of Kiwanis. Unmarried. Elected to the General Assembly in 1954. ROBERT POWELL CANNON, Democrat, Wicomico County; born in Salisbury, March 25, 1917. Attended the public schools of Salisbury, Salisbury State Teachers College, the University of Maryland and the University of Maryland Law School. Attorney. Served in the U. S. Army 1941-1946. Member of the Maryland Bar, American Legion, V.F.W., Elks, Veterans Housing Committee for Wicomico County, Junior Chamber of Commerce, Moose, Tri-State Sportsmen Club, East Side Men’s Club, Farm Bureau and Civil Air Patrol. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. MAURICE CARDIN, Democrat, Baltimore 5th; born in Baltimore, July 19, 1909. Attended the public schools of Baltimore and the Uni- versity of Baltimore. Attorney. Served in the U. S. Army Signal Corps 1942-1945. Member of the Maryland Bar, American Legion, Knights of Pythias, Masons. Married. Elected to the House of Dele- gates in 1950. EMORY RYAN COLE, Republican, Baltimore 4th; born in Cockeys- ville, Baltimore County, September 3, 1893. He attended the Baltimore County public schools, Bowie State Normal School; Howard Univer- sity and Howard University School of Law, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1923. Attorney. Served in 331st Field Artillery, 1917-1919. Member of Maryland State Bar; Elks, Masons, American Legion and Veterans of Foreign War. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. FRANK A. COMBS, Democrat, St. Mary’s County; born at Leon- ardtown, November 20, 1913. He attended private schools in St. Mary’s County. Insurance agent. President, St. Mary’s Businessmen’s Association; Vice President, Lexington Park Lions Club; member of Knights of Columbus and Maryland Association of Insurance Agents. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. MARYLAND MANUAL 169

NOEL SPEIR COOK, Republican, Allegany County; born at Frost- burg, November 13, 1905. He attended the public schools at Frostburg, the Frostburg State Teachers College, and the Law School of the Uni- versity of Maryland, graduating in 1930 and admitted to the Bar the same year. Member Phi Kappa Sigma fraternity, Eagles, Elks. He is a 32nd degree Mason and Shriner. Former City Attorney for Lona- coning, President Allegany County Bar Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. CLARENCE H. CORKRAN, Democrat, Dorchester County; born in Maryland, September 8, 1917. Attorney. Served with U. S. Army during World War II, President Dorchester County Bar Association, Rotarian. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. WILLIAM P. CORRIGAN, Democrat, Baltimore 6th; born in Bal- timore, October 28, 1912. Attended Baltimore parochial schools and Calvert Hall College. Glass Operator. Chairman of B.B.B.A. Local No. 118. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. SAMUEL A. CULOTTA, Republican, Baltimore 3rd; born in Bal- timore August 7, 1924. He attended St. Paul’s Parochial School; City College, Baltimore Institute, Eastern College of Law and Commerce, Mt. Vernon School of Law, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1950; and the Johns Hopkins University. Attorney and Accountant. Served in the U. S. Navy 1942-1945. Former Assistant Secretary to Gover- nor Theodore R. McKeldin. Member of the Knights of Columbus, Alhambra, American Legion, Italian-American Civic Club, Associated Italian-American Charities, AMERITAS, Friendly Club, Junior Bar Association of Baltimore City, Young Republicans of Baltimore City, organizer and Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Frank Culotta Republican Club. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Dele- gates in 1954. CHARLES F. CULVER, Democrat, Baltimore County; born at Princess Anne, January 17, 1915. He attended Worcester County Public schools. President of an insurance agency; Past President Catonsville Kiwanis Club; Past Arch Demon, Demons Club of Balti- more; member Holmehurst Improvement Association and Wade Ave- nue Improvement Association. Married. Elected to the House of Dele- gates in 1954. EDWARD W. DABROWSKI, Democrat, Baltimore 1st; born in Baltimore, November 21, 1911. He attended Baltimore parochial schools. Restaurant manager. Member of the Knights of Columbus and Elks, delegate to the Polish Congress and for the Polish National Alliance. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. MELVIN H. DERR, Republican, Frederick County; born at Wal- kersville, September 7, 1910. He attended the public schools of Fred- erick County and the University of Maryland, graduating in 1931. Insurance agent. Member of the Headquarters Company, 2nd Batta- lion, 253rd Infantry, 63rd Infantry Division, U. S._ Army, 1944-1945, in European Theatre. June 1945-January 1946 assigned to Informa- tion Center, U.S.F.E.T., Frankfurt, Germany. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. Elected Minority Leader 1955. BENNIE C. DOWELL, Democrat, Calvert County; born at Lusby, Calvert County, October 27, 1900. Attended Calvert County public schools. Seafood dealer. Mason, Shriner, member of Lions Club, Y.M.C.A. and Solomons Island Yacht Club. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. 170 MARYLAND MANUAL

FRED B. DRISCOLL, Republican, Allegany County; born in Roa- noke, Va., September 20, 1895. Attended the public schools of Cumber- land. Barber. Clerk, Board of Election Supervisors, Allegany County, 1935-1939. Chairman Memorial Tree Committee, Cumberland Sesqui- centennial 1937. Member Cumberland Flood Control Committee. Mem- ber Allegany County State Central Committee 1942-1950, Mason, Maryland and D. C. Barbers Association, Moose and Optimist Club. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. TILGHMAN EATON, Democrat, Queen Anne’s County; born at Chester, Queen Anne’s County, September 1, 1886. Attended public school at Chester. Waterman. Member Junior Order. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. HARRY C. EDWARDS, Republican, Garrett County; born in Som- erset County, Pennsylvania, October 3, 1901. Attended public school in Garrett County. Insurance agent. Member of Rotary, Knights of Pythias, Woodmen, past president, Grantsville Town Council. Mar- ried. Member of the House of Delegates 1935-1939, and since 1950. JOHN P. FITZGERALD, Democrat, Baltimore 5th; born in Balti- more, March 28, 1910. Attended Baltimore parochial schools and Loyola College. Salesman. Served in U. S. Army. Member of American Legion, Catholic War Veterans. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. SOL J. FRIEDMAN, Democrat, Baltimore 4th; born in Baltimore, March 20, 1919. Attended Baltimore public schools and University of Baltimore, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1945. Attorney. Mem- ber, Knights of Pythias, Elks, Masons, B’nai B’rith, American Bar Association, Junior Bar Association of Baltimore City and the Na- tional Association of Claimants’ Compensation Attorneys. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. KERMIT S. GLOTFELTY, Republican, Garrett County; born at Accident, Garrett County, September 10, 1906. Attended public school in Garrett County. Farmer. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. GILBERT GUDE, Republican, Montgomery County; born in Wash- ington, D. C., March 9, 1923. Attended public schools in Rockville and Washington; attended the University of Maryland, Cornell University, graduating 1948; graduate work George Washington University. Landscape nurseryman. Served with U. S. Army, 18th Medical Gen- eral Laboratory, 1943-1946. Member of University Club of Washing- ton, Rotary Club of Rockville and Pi Kappa Phi; member Board of Trustees of Montgomery County Crippled Children Society. Married. Appointed to the House of Delegates in 1952. JOSEPH H. HAHN, JR., Republican, Carroll County; born July 10, 1918, at Westminster. Attended Westminster public schools and Peabody Conservatory of Music. Secretary of meat packing company. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1942. JAMES E. HANCE, Democrat, Calvert County; born at Mutual, Calvert County, August 7, 1900. Attended the public schools of Cal- vert County. Farmer. Former Judge of Orphans’ Court of Calvert County. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. HENRY H. HANNA, JR., Democrat, Wicomico County; born in Salisbury, February 21, 1921. Attended Salisbury public schools, Valley Forge Military Academy and the University of Virginia. Real estate and insurance agent, general contractor. Member, Elks, Ameri- MARYLAND MANUAL 171 can Legion, V.F.W., City Council of Salisbury 1948-1950. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. ROGER B. HARRIS, Democrat, Kent County; born at Worton, Kent County, July 16, 1895. Attended the public schools of Kent County and Beacoms Business School at Wilmington, Delaware. Farmer. Former member of the Board of the Kent County Home. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1938. S. FENTON HARRIS, Republican, Frederick County; born in Fred- erick County. Attended the public schools of Frederick County, Wes- tern Maryland College, Lincoln-Jefferson University and the Johns Hopkins University. School teacher for 36 years, now accountant. Chairman, Board of Auditors of Frederick County, 1918-1921. Un- married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. WILLIAM RANDOLPH HARRISON, Democrat, Talbot County; born at Tilghman, Talbot County, Maryland, September 13, 1903. He attended Talbot County public schools and Sadlers-Bryant-Stratton Business College. Seafood dealer, Hotel and Fishing Fleet operator. Member Lions, Elks, Miles River Yacht Club, past president Chesa- peake Bay Fishing Fair Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. TRULY HATCHETT, Democrat, Baltimore 4th; born in Baltimore, June 15, 1881. He attended Baltimore public schools. Real Estate and Insurance Broker. Former member of the Baltimore Rehabilitation Commission, Maryland Interracial Commission and the Board of Managers of Barrett School for Girls. Chairman of Board of Man- agers, Druid Hill Avenue Y.M.C.A. Member of Elks. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. THOMAS J. HATEM, Democrat, Harford County; born at Havre de Grace, December 7, 1925. He attended Harford County public schools, University of Maryland and the University of Maryland Law School. Attorney. Served with U. S. Navy 1943-1946. Former deputy sheriff of Harford County. Member of the American Legion, Elks, Moose, Knights of Columbus, and Harford County Bar Association, president Susquehanna Baseball League. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. THOMAS H. HEDRICK, Democrat, Baltimore 2nd; born in Logans- port, Indiana, December 11, 1909. Attended public schools in Logans- port and Faribault, Minnesota; the University of Minnesota and the University of Maryland Law School receiving the degree of LL.B. Attorney. On Active duty with U. S. Coast Guard 1942-1946; presently Lieutenant Commander, Organized Reserves, U. S. Coast Guard. Member, American Legion, V.F.W.; Baltimore City, Maryland and American Bar Associations. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Dele- gates in 1954. WALTER DALE HESS, Democrat, Harford County; born at Falls- ton, Harford County, August 17, 1930. He attended Harford County public schools. Farmer. President Harford County Young Democrat Club, former National vice-president, Future Farmers of America, member of Lions, Elks, Moose, Farm Bureau, Grange, National Rifle Association and Bush River Boat Club. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. RUSSELL O. HICKMAN, Democrat, Worcester County; born at Showell, Worcester County, February 5, 1908. He attended Worcester County public schools. Engaged in small loan business. Member, Sinepuxent Rod and Gun Club and Berlin Chamber of Commerce. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. 172 MARYLAND MANUAL WILLIAM L. HODGES, Democrat, Baltimore 6th; born in Balti- more, December 8, 1907. Attended St. Jerome’s parochial school and City College. Restaurant owner. Member V.F.W. Served in the U. S. Navy 1944-1945. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. GEORGE RAYMOND HUGHES, JR., Republican, Allegany County; born at Cumberland, July 12, 1925. He attended elementary and high school in Cumberland, the University of Maryland and the University of Maryland Law School. Attorney. Served with the U. S. Navy from 1943-1946. Treasurer, Allegany County Bar Association, past president, Allegany County Young Republican Club; member, Board of Directors, Cumberland Junior Association of Commerce. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. HARRY R. HUGHES, Democrat, Caroline County; born at Easton, November 13, 1926. He attended public schools in Caroline County, Mercersburg Academy, Mercersburg, Pa., Mt. St. Mary’s College, the University of Maryland and the George Washington University School of Law_. Attorney. Navy V-5 training and Aviation Cadet. Member, American Legion, Rotary, Maryland and American Bar As- sociations. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. JOHN B. HUYETT, Democrat, Washington County; born at Wilson, Washington County, January 14, 1893. Attended the public schools of Washington County. Bakery operator. Member, Board of Liquor License Commissioners 1933-1938; Sheriff of Washington County, 1942-1946. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. DOROTHY T. JACKSON, (Mrs. Charles E. Miller), Democrat, Baltimore County; born in Baltimore, June 25, 1924. Attended the public schools of Baltimore County and the University of Maryland. Attorney. Member of the Maryland Bar Association, the Women’s Bar Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. JOHN W. JENKINS, Republican, Charles County; born in Pisgah, Charles County, November 24, 1894. Attended Charles County public schools. Formerly Deputy Sheriff of Charles County. Member, Lions, Woodmen of the World, Businessmen’s Association and Home Plate Club. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. GUY JOHNSON, Democrat, Cecil County; born in Elkton, May 18, 1878. Attended the public schools of Cecil County and Elkton Aca- demy; extension courses at the Johns Hopkins University and the University of Delaware. Principal of the high school at North East, Chesapeake City and Elkton. Unmarried. Member of the Senate 1946- 1950. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. W. PAUL JOINER, Democrat, Kent County; born in Kent County, June 12, 1899. Attended public schools in Kent County. Farm equipment dealer. Register of Wills for Kent County 1942-1945. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. ESTEL C. KELLEY, Republican, Allegany County; born in West- ernport, May 4, 1902. Attended the public schools of Westernport and the University of Maryland. Attorney. Member of the Maryland Bar, Moose, Eagles, Elks. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. MELVIN R. KENNEY, SR., Republican, Baltimore 3rd; born in Baltimore, January 15, 1918. He attended Baltimore public schools. Food broker. Mason, Knights Templar, Shrine, Boumi Temple, Tow- son Shrine Club, Tall Cedars of Lebanon, Y.M.C.A., Hillendale Grid- iron Club, Greek-American Republican Club, Northeast Baltimore Young Men’s Republican Club, Citizens Republican Club, Wood- MARYLAND MANUAL 173 bourne Heights Community Association and Optimist Club. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. IRA BIRD KIRKLAND, Democrat, Anne Arundel County; born at Marinette, Wisconsin, May 25, 1912. He attended the Chicago Latin School, Evanston (Illinois) Township High School, the University of Arizona and the George Washington University Law School, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1937. Attorney. Member of the Maryland and District of Columbia Bars. Served with the United States Army 1942- 1945. Former Chief Counsel, House of Representatives Committee on Small Business, U. S. Congress, 1942; Legislative and Liaison Attor- ney, War Assets Administration, Trial Attorney and Chief, Appeals and Opinions, Claims Branch, Office of Alien Property, U. S. De- partment of Justice. Member of the Elks, American Legion, “Order of the Coif” and Anne Arundel Fish and Game Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. MILTON K. LARMORE, Republican, Wicomico County; born at Salisbury, October 19, 1904. Attended Wicomico County public schools. Judge of People’s Court of Wicomico County. Past Deputy District Governor of Lions International. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. JAMES C. LATHAM, Democrat, Talbot County; born in Baltimore, May 19, 1918. He attended Baltimore parochial and public schools and McCoy College, the Johns Hopkins University. Real Estate and insurance broker. Served with the U. S. Marine Corps 1934-1938. Mem- ber Easton City Council 1950-1954; member of Easton Planning and Zoning Commission and Chief of Operations Talbot County Civil De- fense. President, Talbot County Real Estate Board. Member of Elks and Knights of Columbus. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. BLAIR LEE, III, Democrat, Montgomery County; born at Silver Spring, May 19, 1916. He attended St. Albans School, Washington, D. C., St. Paul’s School, Concord, New Hampshire and Princeton Uni- versity receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1938. Planning and Zoning Consultant, property manager. Served with U. S. Naval Reserve 1941-1945, serving as Assistant Naval Attache in Chile from 1941-42. Vice-chairman, Maryland-National Capital Park and Plan- ning Commission 1949-1951 and Executive Officer, National Capital Planning Commission 1951-54. Delegate to the Democratic National Convention of 1948. A former newspaper editor, he served as Presi- dent (1949) of the Maryland Press Association and also past president of the Silver Spring Board of Trade. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. FREDERICK LUDWIG LOOSE, JR., Democrat, Baltimore 6th; born in Baltimore, July 25, 1910. He attended Baltimore public schools. Tavern owner. Liquor Inspector for Baltimore City 1948-1954. Member of the Elks. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. ERNEST A. LOVELESS, Democrat, Prince George’s County; born in Washington, D. C., November 29, 1922. He attended Prince George’s County public schools, the University of Maryland and the law school of George Washington University receiving the degree of LL.M. in 1948. Attorney. Served in the U. S. Navy 1943-1945; has rank of Lieutenant (,]'.g.) U.S.N.R. Attorney for the Board of License Com- missioners of Prince George’s County 1949-1954. Past Commander of American Legion; 1st Vice President of Lions Club; past-president P.T.A.; member of Veterans of Foreign Wars; Southern Prince George’s County Board of Trade, Knights of Columbus, Young Demo- 174 MARYLAND MANUAL crats of Prince George’s County; Prince George’s County Democratic Club; Young Men’s Democratic Club of Prince George’s County; Prince George’s County Chamber of Commerce; Phi Delta Kappa and Clinton Businessmen’s Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. CARROLL LOWE, Democrat, Talbot County; born at McDaniel, Talbot County, June 14, 1892. Educated at St. Michaels High School and the University of Maryland. Farmer. Served during World War I as First Lieutenant in the 48th and 89th Infantry Regiments and in organized reserves until 1934. Former member of Democratic State Central Committee; former President of Talbot County Farm Bureau. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. JOHN C. LUBER, Speaker, Democrat, Baltimore 5th; born in Baltimore, November 22, 1903. Attended parochial schools in Balti- more and special courses in accounting at University of Baltimore. Accountant, employed by the B. & 0. Railroad. Member, National Railroad Pension Forum, B. & 0. Accounting Association and Moose Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1938. Chairman, Com- mittee^ Railroads and Canals, 1939; member of the Ways and Means Committee, 1939-1945; Chairman 1945; member of Committee on Or- ganizations, 1939; Inspections, 1939, 1943, 1945; Printed Bills and Resolutions, 1941, 1943, Chairman 1941; Committee on Art. 3 Sec. 24 of the Constitution, 1943-1945; Chairman Committee on Banking, Insurance and Loans, 1947-1950; Chairman Baltimore City Delega- tion. 1941, 1943. Majority Leader 1945; Speaker 1951-1955.' JOSEPH V. MACH, Democrat, Baltimore 2nd; born in Petersburg, Va., March 5, 1921. Attended public school in Virginia. Salesman. Member of American Legion, Czechoslovak-American Civic Associa- tion. Served in the U. S. Navy 1944-1946. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. HERVEY G. MACHEN, Democrat, Prince George’s County; born in Washington, D. C., December 14, 1916. He attended the public schools of Prince George’s County, and the University of Maryland and South- eastern University, Washington, D. C., receiving the degree of LL.M. in 1941. Attorney. Served in the United States Army 1941-1946. As- sistant State’s Attorney for Prince George’s County 1947-1950; Town Attorney for Cheverly, 1947-1955; City Attorney of Hyattsville 1950-1955. Member of Maryland and American Bar Associations; Kiwanis and American Legion. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. F. REYNOLDS MACKIE, Democrat, Cecil County; born June 15, 1907, at Fair Hill, Cecil County. Attended the public schools of Cecil County and the University of Delaware. Farmer. President, George W. Biles Co. Member of Democratic State Central Committee of Cecil County 1947-1953, Director of the Elkton Bank and Trust Company and Director of the Lions Club of Cecilton. Married. Appointed to the House of Delegates in 1953. JOHN N. MAGUIRE, Democrat, Baltimore County; born in Wil- mington, Delaware, September 19, 1914. Attended the public schools in New Jersey, the University of Virginia, the University of Mary- land and the University of Maryland Law School. Attorney. Served in Counter Intelligence Corps, 1942-1945. Trial Magistrate at Essex 1949-1955. Member, Maryland Bar Association, Military Intelligence Association, Trial Magistrates Association and Knights of Columbus. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. MARYLAND MANUAL 175

MARVIN MANDEL, Democrat, Baltimore 5th; born in Baltimore, April 19, 1920. Attended schools in Baltimore, the University of Maryland, the Johns Hopkins University and the Law School of the University of Maryland. Attorney. Served in the United States Army 1942-1944. Member of Democratic State Central Committee, Baltimore City 1951; Baltimore Bar Association, Maryland Bar Association, American Legion and Jewish War Veterans. Justice of Peace, Balti- more City 1950. Married. Appointed to the House of Delegates in 1952. EDWARD J. McNEAL, Democrat, Baltimore 3rd District; born in Baltimore, May 22, 1927. He attended parochial school in Baltimore, Loyola High School and Loyola College, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Science. Assistant Manager, Automobile Trade Associa- tion of Maryland. Served with the United States Navy during World War II. Legislative Secretary to Senator Herbert R. O’Conor, 1951- 1953. Member of the Hibernian Society, the Advocate Club, Junior Association of Commerce and the Knights of Columbus. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. RIDGELY P. MELVIN, JR., Democrat, Anne Arundel County; born at Annapolis, September 26, 1917. Attended Anne Arundel County public schools, Episcopal High School, Alexandria, Virginia, Prince- ton University, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts and Univer- sity of Maryland Law School, receiving degree of LL.B. Attorney. Served with the United States Naval Reserve 1940-1945. Former counsel to the Annapolis Sewerage Commission. Member of Rotary, Elks, Anne Arundel County Bar Association and Maryland Bar As- sociation. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. WILSON WILLIAM MEYERS, Democrat, Baltimore 6th; born in Baltimore, July 9, 1915. Attended Loyola High School and Maryland Institute. Longshoreman. Served as Seaman 2/c with United States Navy 1945-46. Married. Appointed to the House of Delegates in 1948. EDWARD R. MILANICZ, Democrat, Baltimore 1st; born at Balti- more, May 10, 1900. Attended parochial school in Baltimore. Merchant. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1942. CHARLES M. MOORE, Democrat, Harford County; born at Havre de Grace, September 1, 1923. Attended Harford County public schools and Mt. St. Joseph’s College, Baltimore. Newspaper editor and pub- lisher. Served with the United States Army Air Corps, 1943-1945. Treasurer of Muncipal Utilities Commission, Havre de Grace, 1951. Member of American Legion, V.F.W., Elks, Susquehanna Hose Com- pany, Knights of Columbus and Holy Name Society. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. BENJAMIN A. MROZINSKI, Democrat, Baltimore 1st; born in Baltimore, April 18, 1905. Attended parochial school in Baltimore. Railroad conductor. Member of the Knights of Columbus, Holy Name Society, The Polish Roman Catholic Union, The Polish National Al- liance, and the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. DANIEL M. MURRAY, JR., Democrat, Howard County; born in Howard County, April 16, 1907. He attended Gilman Country School, Donaldson School, the Johns Hopkins University and the University of Baltimore, receiving the degree of LL.B. Attorney. Served in the United States Army 1942-1945. State’s Attorney for Howard County 1947-1955. Member of Howard County and Maryland Bar Associations. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. WILLIAM J. MYERS, Democrat, Baltimore 6th; born in Baltimore, April 18, 1904. He attended St. Joseph’s School in Baltimore. Cafe- 176 MARYLAND MANUAL teria manager. Member of Baltimore Democratic State Central Com- mittee, Lions, Brooklyn Booster Club, Brooklyn Pleasure Club and Brooklyn Improvement Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. C. PHILIP NICHOLS, Democrat, Prince George’s County; born at Laurel, Prince George’s County, October 5, 1922. He attended St. Mildred’s Academy, Laurel. Realtor. Member of Laurel City Council 1952-54. Past-president of Laurel Kiwanis Club; former director and Secretary of Laurel Chamber of Commerce, former director Prince George’s County Hospital; member, National Association of Realtors, Maryland Real Estate Board, Prince George’s County Real Estate Board, Baltimore City Real Estate Board. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. JOHN J. NOWAKOWSKI, Democrat, Baltimore 1st; born in Bal- timore, June 5, 1900. Attended public and parochial schools in Balti- more and the University of Maryland. Attorney. Member of the Mary- land Bar. Chief Clerk, House of Delegates 1933-1939 and Chief Clerk, Board of Supervisors of Elections, Baltimore City, 1939-1947. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. JOHN T. PARRAN, JR., Democrat, Charles County; born in Balti- more, February 5, 1926. Attended public schools in Charles County, Charlotte Hall Academy, The Citadel, and the University of Mary- land, graduating with B.A. degree in 1950. Real Estate and insurance broker. Served with the United States Army 1944-1946. Member of Lions, Moose, past president of Indian Head Business Association. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. JOSEPH B. PAYNE, Republican, Frederick County; born at Lees- burg, Va., December 15, 1894. Attended the public schools of Bruns- wick. Employed by the B. & O. Railroad. Served with the 28th Divi- sion, 11th Infantry, Company K, 1917-1924. Married. Member of the House of Delegates, 1935-1939, and since 1946. MYRTLE A. POLK, Democrat, Worcester County; born in Bangor, Pa., January 10, 1902. Attended the public schools of Pocomoke City, Walnut Lane School for Girls, Maryland College for Women and Depauw University. Member of Kappa Alpha Theta, Soroptimist Club, Inner Wheel, Woman's Club and Maryland Woman’s Council. Member of Pocomoke City Council 1948-1950. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. WILLIAM G. PORTER, JR., Republican, Washington County; born in Hagerstown, July 10, 1922. Attended Washington County public schools and the University of Maryland, graduating with the B.S. degree in 1949. Wholesale tobacco jobber. Served in the United States Army 1943 to 1946. Member of Elks and American Legion. Married. Appointed to the House of Delegates in 1955. J. FRANK RALEY, Democrat, St. Mary’s County; born at Park Hall, St. Mary’s County, September 13, 1926. Attended parochial school at Ridge, Charlotte Hall Academy and Georgetown University. General insurance agent. Served in the United States Army 1945-1946. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. CHESTER J. RAY, Democrat, Baltimore 2nd; born in Baltimore, September 11, 1915. Attended Baltimore public schools. Auditor. Serv- ed in the United States Army 1944-1946. Member of the Baltimore State Central Committee. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. Resigned in June 1955. MARYLAND MANUAL 177

LESTER B. REED, Republican, Allegany County; born at Mt. Sav- age, Allegany County, August 10, 1908. Attended the public schools of Allegany County, and Catherman’s Business College, Cumberland. Automotive supplies dealer. Married. Elected to the House of Dele- gates in 1938. ORLANDO RIDOUT, IV, Democrat, Anne Arundel County; born in Anne Arundel County, August 13, 1922. Attended the public schools of Annapolis and the University of Maryland, graduating with B.S. degree. Dairyman. Served with the United States Army 1942-1946. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. E. LAYTON RIGGIN, Democrat, Somerset County; born in Cris- field, September 3, 1912. Attended the public schools of Crisfield. Sales and advertising manager. Member of Crisfield City Council since 1946. Rotary, Masons, Elks. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. CHARLES E. RISLEY, Democrat, Queen Anne’s County; born at Grasonville, Queen Anne’s County, June 9, 1920. Attended school at Grasonville. Waterman. Served with the United States Air Force 1942-1945. Member, V.F.W., American Legion and Knights of Pythias. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. JEROME ROBINSON, Democrat, Baltimore 4th; born in Baltimore, March 31, 1911. Attended the public schools of Baltimore City, Bal- timore City College, graduating in 1927; graduated from the Uni- versity of Baltimore Law School in 1931 and admitted to the Bar in 1932. Former Secretary to the Committee on Civics, Judiciary and Legislation, Junior Bar Association, 1937; Secretary to Commission to Study Medico-Legal Psychiatry, 1948; member of the Charter Re- vision Advisory Committee of Baltimore City 1945-1946; Chairman, Committee on Amendment of Law, Maryland State Bar Association. Unmarried. Member of the House of Delegates since 1939. EARL I. ROSENTHAL, Democrat, Baltimore 4th; born in New York City, February 10, 1908. Attended Baltimore public schools and the University of Baltimore. Attorney. Member of the Maryland Bar, Jewish Welfare Board. Served in the United States Army 1942-1945. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. Resigned in May 1955. LANSDALE G. SASSCER, JR., Democrat, Prince George’s County; born at Upper Marlboro, September 25, 1926. He attended public schools in Upper Marlboro, Episcopal High School, Alexandria, Vir- ginia, the University of Virginia, receiving the degree of B.A. in 1950 and the University of Maryland Law School, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1952. Attorney. Served with the United States Coast Guard 1944-1946. Member of Maryland, District of Columbia, and Prince George’s County Bar Associations. Mason, member of Lions, Marl- boro Democratic Club and Young Democrats of Prince George’s Coun- ty. Unmarried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. MARGARET C. SCHWEINHAUT, Democrat, Montgomery County; born in Washington, D. C., December 1, 1904. Attended the public schools of the District of Columbia, the George Washington Univer- sity and Washington College of Law. Housewife. Member of the Board of the Community Chest Council and Montgomery Tuberculosis Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. CHARLES M. SEE, Republican, Allegany County; born in Cumber- land, May 12, 1902. Attended the Maryland School for the Blind, Overlea, graduating in 1924. Field Representative, Maryland Work- shop for the Blind. Member of Board of Trustees Maryland Workshop 178 MARYLAND MANUAL for the Blind, Optimist Club, Elks, Eagles, Knights of Malta. Vice president Allegany-Garrett County Tuberculosis Association, Presi- dent Allegany-Garrett County Chapter of Muscular Distrophy Associ- ation of America. Married. Member of the House of Delegates 1938- 1955. Appointed to the Senate in May 1955. CARLTON R. SICKLES, Democrat, Prince George’s County; born at Hamden, Connecticut, June 15, 1921. He attended public schools of New Haven, Connecticut and Washington, D. C., Georgetown Uni- versity, receiving the degree of B.S.S. in 1943 and Georgetown Uni- versity Law School, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1948. Attorney. Served with the United States Army 1943-1946, and with the United States Air Force 1951-1952; now a Major in the United States Air Force Reserve. Member of the Knights of Columbus and District of Columbia Bar Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. JAMES J. SILK, Democrat, Baltimore 1st; born in Baltimore, July 2, 1911. Attended parochial and public schools of Baltimore and Mt. St. Joseph College. Investigator and income tax consultant. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. EDGAR P. SILVER, Democrat, Baltimore 5th; born in Baltimore, July 1, 1923. He attended Talmudical Academy, Baltimore City Col- lege, the University of Baltimore and Mt. Vernon Law School, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1953. Served with the United States Navy 1942- 1945. Member of Northwest Civic Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. LLOYD L. SIMPKINS, Democrat, Somerset County; born at Mt. Vernon, Somerset County, June 6, 1922. Attended public schools of Somerset County, graduated from the College of Agriculture, Univer- sity of Maryland, 1947 and University of Maryland Law School, 1952. Oyster packer at Mt. Vernon and law office at Princess Anne. Mem- ber of the Elks, Lions, American Legion, Farm Bureau. Served in United States Navy 1941-1946. Unmarried. Attorney to Town of Princess Anne. Member of Tri-State Fin Fish Commission. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. DONALD E. SIX, Republican, Carroll County; born at Keysville, Carroll County, June 14, 1914. Attended Carroll County public schools and Strayer-Bryant-Stratton College at Baltimore. Retail feed, lumber, coal dealer and building contractor. Married. Appointed to the House of Delegates in 1947. CHARLES H. SMELSER, Democrat, Frederick County; born at Uniontown, Carroll County, July 4, 1920. He attended Carroll County publip schools and the University of Maryland, receiving the degree of B.S. in 1942. Dairy farmer. Served with the United States Air Force 1943- 1945. Member of Lions International. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. CARROLL C. SMITH, Republican, Carroll County; born July 14, 1904 at Greenmount, Carroll County. Attended Carroll County public schools. In the meat packing business. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. ROY NEVILLE STATEN, Democrat, Baltimore County; born at Sandidges, Virginia, June 20, 1914. Attended public and private schools of Virginia and Virginia Commercial. Accountant, Division Chief-Bethlehem Shipbuilding. Served three years in United States Army. Married. Member of Lions International, Y.M.C.A., Industrial Managements Club and Loyal Order of Moose. Appointed to the House of Delegates in 1953. MARYLAND MANUAL 179

A. HARTLEY STEVENS, JR., Democrat, Worcester County; born at Pocomoke City, Worcester County, January 1, 1902. He attended Worcester County public schools and the University of Richmond. Owner of dairy products company. Mayor of Snow Hill 1950-1954. Past president Maryland Municipal League, member of Selective Service Board No. 66, 1953-1954. Member of Lions International and Civic Club of Snow Hill. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. J. ELLIS TAWES, Democrat, Somerset County; born in Crisfield, Somerset County, April 10, 1899. Attended public schools of Crisfield. Merchant. Member of the American Legion, V.F.W. and Elks. Served in the United States Army 1917-1919. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1950. LEWIS SELBY TAWNEY, JR., Democrat, Anne Arundel County; born in Baltimore, June 27, 1920. Attended private schools in Pennsyl- vania, Baltimore and Virginia and the Eastern Chiropractic Institute, receiving the degrees of D.C., Ph.C. in 1940. Chiropractor. Served with the United States Navy 1940-1946. Member of the American Legion, V.F.W., the Maryland Chiropractic Association and the National Chiropractic Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. JOSEPH D. TYDINGS, Democrat, Harford County; born at Ashe- ville, North Carolina, May 4, 1928. He attended public school at Aber- deen, McDonogh School, the University of Maryland, receiving the degree of B.A. in 1951 and the University of Maryland Law School, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1953. Attorney. He served with the United States Army 1946-1948. Member of V.F.W., Moose, Junior Association of Commerce, Junior Bar Association and Maryland Bar Association. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. JOSEPH A. URBAN, Democrat, Baltimore 2nd; born in Baltimore, June 26, 1918. He attended parochial school and Baltimore City Col- lege. Journalist. Member of the Knights of Columbus, Czechoslovak- American Civic Association, First Bohemian Democratic Club and Second District Democratic Organization. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. GARY L. UTTERBACK, Democrat, Frederick County; born at Burkettsville, Frederick County, September 26, 1889. He attended the public schools of Frederick County. Member of Masons, Knights of Pythias, Elks, Moose, Frederick County Fish and Game Club and Thurmont Game and Conservation Club. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. C. CLIFTON VIRTS, Democrat, Frederick County; born at Lees- burg, Virginia, March 3, 1910. Attended Leesburg public school, the Virginia School for the Blind, the University of Virginia, and the Law School of the University of Maryland. Admitted to the Bar in 1940. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. CALVIN O. WADE, Democrat, Anne Arundel County; born at Severn, Anne Arundel County, January 22, 1921. He attended the public schools of Anne Arundel County. Farmer and agent for the Marlboro Tobacco Market. Former member of the Maryland Tobacco Authority. Member of the Anne Arundel County Farm Bureau. Mar- ried. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. ELMER E. WALTERS, Democrat, Baltimore 1st; born at Balti- more, September 29, 1910. He attended the public schools of Baltimore City. Clerk. Served with the United States Navy 1942-1946. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. 180 MARYLAND MANUAL WILLIAM B. WHEELER, Democrat, Montgomery County; born at Silver Spring, June 27, 1912. He attended Montgomery County public schools, Columbus University School of Law, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1937. Attorney. Served with the United States Naval Re- serve 1942-1946. Trial Magistrate for Montgomery County 1947- 1951. Member of the American Bar Association, Maryland Bar As- sociation, Montgomery County Bar Association, American Legion, V.F.W., Elks, Rotary. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. EDWARD HOMER WHITE, JR., Democrat, Wicomico County; born at Salisbury, April 5, 1911. Attended the public schools in Salis- bury, and William and Mary College. Merchant. Served as 1st Ser- geant, 722nd M.P. Battalion, in the European Theatre during World War II. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1946. JOHN M. WHITMORE, Democrat, Anne Arundel County; born in Washington, D. C., May 14, 1910. Privately tutored. Printer. Member of Kiwanis, Anne Arundel County Citizens Committee and Anne Arun- del County Chapter of the National Foundation for Infantile Par- alysis. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954. PERRY 0. WILKINSON, Democrat, Prince George’s County; born at Hebron, Wicomico County, March 21, 1905. Attended the public schools of Wicomico County and the University of Maryland, B.A. 1928 and M.A. 1936. Insurance and bond business. Former high school teacher and athletic coach in the public schools of Maryland. Married. Elected Speaker pro-tern of the House 1948 Special Session and the Regular Sessions of 1949-1955. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1942. CHARLES W. WOODWARD, JR., Democrat, Montgomery County; born at Poolesville, Montgomery County, February 28, 1919. He attended Montgomery County public schools, the University of Mary- land, receiving the B.A. degree in 1941 and the University of Mary- land Law School, receiving the LL.B. degree in 1948. Attorney. Serv- ed with the United States Army 1941-1946. Government Appeal Agent, Selective Service Board No. 52. Member, Montgomery County Bar As- sociation, American Legion, Lions, Parent Teachers Association and Pi Sigma Alpha. Married. Elected to the House of Delegates in 1954.

MEMBERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY APPOINTED SINCE THE ADJOURNMENT OF THE 1955 SESSION CAMILLO N. ANTONELLI, Democrat, Baltimore 2nd; born in Baltimore August 27, 1915. Attended St. Katharine of Siena parochial school and Baltimore City College. Welder. Member of the State Cent- ral Committee for the 2nd Legislative District of Baltimore, the Northeast Italian-American Democratic Club and the Knights of Columbus. Married. Appointed to the House of Delegates in June 1955 to succeed Chester J. Ray. GEORGE F. S. JEFFREY, Republican, Allegany County; born at Bailliston, Scotland, February 16, 1884. Attended elementary and preparatory schools at Bailliston. Retired merchant. Member of the Lonaconing, Allegany County, City Council 1918-1920. Member of the House of Delegates 1927-1929 and since May 1955 when he was appointed to succeed Charles M. See. MORTON C. POLLOCK, Democrat, Baltimore 4th; born in Balti- more, August 8, 1929. Attended public school in Baltimore, McDonogh School, the University of Maryland and the University of Baltimore. MARYLAND MANUAL 181

Insurance broker. Mason. Unmarried. Member of the House of Dele- gates 1951-1954 and since May 1955 when he was appointed to succeed Earl I. Rosenthal. SHERMAN E. FLANAGAN, Republican, Carroll County; born at Woodsboro, Frederick County, July 29, 1899. Attended Frederick County public schools, Gettysburg College, American University and the George Washington University receiving the degree of A.B. m 1923- awarded M.A. degree at the University of Maryland in 1924; attended Oxford University and the George Washington University from which he received the degree of D.Ed. in 1936. Insurance broker. Member of the House of Delegates 1931-1935, Police Justice for Car- roll County, 1935-1939; Chairman of the Carroll County Republican State Central Committee since 1934. Mason, past president of West- minster Rotary Club and member of the Board of the Westminster Chamber of Commerce and Carroll County Community Chest. Mar- ried. Appointed to the Senate in August 1955 to succeed Stanford Hoff.

Judiciary Of JS/laryland

MARYLAND MANUAL 185 186 MARYLAND MANUAL gQ M o i - “ <- s X .2 0) j o •< ■< M T-J W <1 c

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MARYLAND MANUAL 187

COURT OF APPEALS Chief Judge: Frederick W. Brune, Fourth Appellate Circuit Baltimore, 1956 Associate Judges: Stephen R. Collins, First Appellate Circuit Chestertown, 1957 Hall Hammond, Second Appellate Circuit Stevenson, 1969 Edward S. Delaplaine, Third Appellate Circuit Frederick, 1957 William L. Henderson, Fourth Appellate Circuit Baltimore, 1961 Maurice Ogle, Clerk of the Court James Lloyd Young, Chief Deputy Clerk Edward H. Hammond, The State Reporter Court of Appeals Bldg., Annapolis Telephone: Colonial 3-4261-2411 The Court of Appeals is the highest tribunal of the State of Maryland. It was created by the Constitution of 1776. From 1777 to 1805 the Court sat in Annapolis, on the Western Shore. Between 1805 and 1851 Easton on the Eastern Shore, as well as Annapolis, was the meeting place of the Court. Since 1851 the Court has met only at Annapolis. By the terms of the reorganization Act of 1943, the Court is composed of five judges, one being elected from each of the first three Appellate Judicial Circuits and two from the Fourth Appellate Judicial Circuit which is Baltimore City. The terms of the Judges are for fifteen years. (Const. 1867, Art. IV, sec. 14 [as amended 1944], The Chief Judge of the Court is designated by the Governor. The Court hears appeals from the decisions and verdicts of the Circuit Courts and also consider applications for habeas corpus. The Court also admits all eligible candidates to the State Bar. The term of the Court begins the first Monday of October in each year. The Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals is the chief administrative officer of the State’s judiciary. The Court of Appeals is empowered to make rules for the conduct of the practice and procedure in that Court and the various Circuit Courts of the State (IV, ISA). The Chief Judge may also assign the Judges of the various Circuits to duties in other Circuits and to the Court of Appeals for any purpose. The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is appointed by the Court (IV, 17). He is the administrative officer of the Court. He maintains the docket, receives the briefs and transcripts of all appeals filed with the Court, and maintains official custody of the decisions of the Court, the Acts of the General Assembly, and of all other records which the law may require to be filed with the Court. The State Reporter, who is also appointed by the Court, is responsible for the publication of the Maryland Reports which contain the official opinions of the Court. Appropriations 1955 1956 General Fund $219,417 $216,012 Staff: 17 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OF THE COURTS Frederick William Invernizzi, Director 621 Courthouse, Baltimore 2 - Telephone: Lexington 9-6033 The Administrative Office of the Courts was established by the General Assembly of 1955 (Chapter 343). The office is headed by a director appointed by the Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals of Maryland and serves at his pleasure. 188 MARYLAND MANUAL It is the function of this office to examine the dockets of the courts of the State to determine the need for additional assistance and to make recommendations to the Chief Judge relative to the assignment of judges; to compile and collect statistics regarding the business of the courts; to formulate and recommend policies for the improvement of the judicial system and to provide a central office for the fiscal and other administrative functions of the judiciary (Code 1955, supp., Art. 26, secs. 6A-6E).

JUDGES OF THE CIRCUIT COURTS FIRST JUDICIAL CIRCUIT (Composed of Worcester, Wicomico, Somerset and Dorchester counties) W. Laird Henry, Jr., Chief Cambridge 1961 E. McMaster Duer Princess Anne 1969 Rex A. Taylor Salisbury 1969 SECOND JUDICIAL CIRCUIT (Composed of Caroline, Cecil, Kent, Queen Anne’s and Talbot counties) William R. Horney, Chief Centreville 1957 J. DeWeese Carter Denton 1965 Floyd J. Kintner Elkton 1965 THIRD JUDICIAL CIRCUIT (Composed of Baltimore and Harford counties) John B. Gontrum, Chief Kingsville 1961 Stewart O. Day Bel Air 1969 Michael P. Smith Towson 1956 Lester L. Barrett Towson 1956 FOURTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT (Composed of Allegany, Garrett and Washington counties) George Henderson, Chief Cumberland 1961 Morgan C. Harris Cumberland 1965 David K. McLaughlin Hagerstown 1956 Neil C. Fraley Oakland 1956 FIFTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT (Composed of Anne Arundel, Carroll and Howard counties) James E. Boylan, Jr., Chief Westminster 1957 Benjamin Michaelson Annapolis 1965 James McGill Ellicott City 1956 SIXTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT (Composed of Frederick and Montgomery counties) Stedman Prescott, Chief Rockville 1969 Patrick M. Schnauffer Frederick 1957 Thomas M. Anderson Rockville 1956 Kathryn J. Lawlor Silver Spring 1956 SEVENTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT (Composed of Calvert, Charles, Prince George’s, and St. Mary’s counties) John B. Gray, Chief Prince Frederick 1957 Charles C. Marbury Upper Marlboro 1957 J. Dudley Digges La Plata 1965 John Raymond Fletcher Cheverly 1956 MARYLAND MANUAL 189

EIGHTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT (Supreme Bench of Baltimore City) Superior Court of Baltimore City, Court of Common Pleas, The Balti- more City Court, The Circuit Court of Baltimore City, The Circuit Court of Baltimore City No. 2, The Criminal Court of Baltimore City, The Circuit Court of Baltimore City for Juvenile Causes. Emory H. Niles, Chief Baltimore 1969 Joseph R. Byrnes Baltimore 1967 Joseph T. Carter Baltimore 1969 James K. Cullen Baltimore. .. 1969 Michael J. Manley Baltimore ... 1961 E. Paul Mason Baltimore. .. 1961 Herman M. Moser Baltimore ... 1961 Charles E. Moylan Baltimore ... .1961 Cornelius P. Mundy Baltimore . . 1956 Deeley K. Nice Baltimore ... .1956 Reuben. _ . . Oppenheimer. Baltimore....Baltimore.. 1956 S. Ralph Warnken Baltimore.. 1965 J- PEOPLE’S COURT OF BALTIMORE CITY (Market Place, Baltimore 2, Maryland) Established in May 1941 under the provisions of Section 41A, Article 4, of the Constitution of Maryland. This Court has exclusive civil jurisdiction in Baltimore City where the amount claimed does not exceed $100.00. (Chapter 969, Acts of 1943). Allan W. Rhynhart, Chief Baltimore 1962 James L. Hennegan Baltimore 1956 Joseph T. Parr Baltimore 1958 William T. Tippett, Jr. Baltimore I960

PEOPLE’S COURT OF BALTIMORE COUNTY The People’s Court of Baltimore County was established by the General Assembly of 1955. The Court has exclusive civil jurisdiction in Baltimore County where the amount claimed does not exceed $500.00. The three judges are appointed by the Governor with the consent of the Senate for terms of four years (Ch. 672). W. Edward Plitt, Chief Catonsville 1959 Allen E. Buzzell Dundalk 1959 H. Richard Smalkin Pikesville 1959

PEOPLE’S COURT OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY The People’s Court of Montgomery County was established by the General Assembly of 1955 (Ch. 151, 175). It has jurisdiction in Mont- gomery County over all causes formerly handled by the trial magistrates. One of the judges is designated exclusively for juvenile causes. The judges are appointed by the Montgomery County Council for terms of eight years (Code 1955 supp.; Art. 52, secs. 6(f), 22A, 91, 92A, 92B, 100(15), lll(e-l), 112, 117). Einar B. Christensen Silver Spring 1963 John B. Diamond, III Rockville 1963 Alfred T. Noyes, for Juvenile Causes Silver Spring 1963 '4

■ .

•ft Fiscal Information

Receipts—Fiscal year 1954 192 Cash Disbursements—Fiscal year 1954 200 Appropriations—State Agencies, Fiscal Years 1955, 1956 206 Appropriations—State-Aided Institutions 219 Bonded Indebtedness 221 Combined Balance Sheet 225 Investments 227 Property 230 Taxable Basis 232 State Tax Rate 233 CASH RECEIPTS INTO THE STATE TREASURY DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1954 192 WOQ i-3 fDCG O H <3 ^ 73Cj CG -2^ P3 E^^pp <3^0 0,^0 WCG „ P^-3^ z; s <3 „ hP* Ph _ Ph; fin H m o Sj K P4 < CO coC co o»o 03 TTr-(, k, c?aE-*a c at MARYLAND MANUAL ^PPOÔOPhAh — Z; cgop'-ooscjs z: cg.g? p 3we 22 =«°aj^§ &L, co (M »0 Tt< PQ 0^3O, ^ opO° .a SA'\ c r. OjdO i 2 ac^ M - Receipts w O 00CO OO C9OTiCO CO 1C-T ;« 2 m-a „ 131 ^ g>» o3 ‘q a ' a .2 £ 1C »—i«—i O W § K G w O E-< OcG P3 g W 2 > i W G .2 g 2 pp^; <1 O H 02 W o o” S.= B 5o„ p a > I K m X 'S' 1-H U- 'S'•-( CO OO O J C=jaro 53 Em l&.iT Sw °I J~5,2 ,-0 'COlOOSf^ÔJOOICCIt^- e kOCOOOOCOiOUO-ÔSOq 0©0503(M fQffl «I 02 -g ^ o' II ar vzn I .-2 3 "t Receipts c=< c o ml I 5e°' o-fe > O o^ g ga m5l wll H b. 55^ W e co'3 O to-rrCOo O OOCO O CO*— O 00•—IC-JOO ■fm §•-1®°Is'^« 1=11?! I^l'l! $ s Ill “s"1§.«3 >> 3.3-0fl ^ boOo CO 2 •— o sll -s aJ o c on v^ô|| 2 M r a - COto 05 COCD Ph >cC fS o«--S |(gSo a g-3g O •—C O csCO > G 2 8^ m g->. g 3 m g PBgj glllil Z33 o-g go l?g Z: 02C3ato ►-) c.a>-a CO o3aa,O 'Z; afevo:o • >>~ •o ca § co 'feocoi—i—( COto(M to CO-—I»—I’—IO(Mo*o >.co ot:Ji000 _>—OJCOco»ootôo MARYLAND MANUAL (2 “ ^ cloS |I“I& fc.g S' 01 = §£§§ ' w— § g-rf-a 11 °§ j|| Receipts Pa il a« .2-2 CO 23 îih* e3T3 eel's co HcocoPhO i2 cso2=« S ox’B23 o bca - =QOO&>. u CO OQ05O >>o—- _ 0 . 9bZ 5 « 2 UP 12 1 §0 0 ^ tbOoOP -I ^ 2 . •-5Ct*-< r- (Mo*-lr-l lO 05O■'S'^ o »o05 o 2‘ o O.BW! CO g ! 2fc US m O CO OM»oo O CO o tol>- O 05 o co O 05 O CO ! 2.2^£ IMS aÔO , 3Oo„o -o 0)cH U Ch00 O^ l-O<15 = >§cog; O 00c O 00COT c (M-r H 3_,_ i-< c . I •

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STATE-AIDED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Colleges THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, Homewood, Charles Street at 34th Street, Baltimore 18; Lowell J. Reed, President; established 1876; philosophy, arts and sciences, graduate studies, teacher training, medicine, nursing, public health and hygiene, engineering, and international studies. 150 State scholarships are granted at the College of Engineering (Code 1951, Art. 77, sec. 271). Appropriations: 1955, $198,750; 1956, $198,750. HOOD COLLEGE, Frederick, Andrew Gehr Truxal, President; established 1893; liberal arts, sciences, home economics, nurses training; women (Code 1955 supp. Art. 77, sec. 254A). Appropriation: 1956, $47,500. MARYLAND INSTITUTE, Mt. Royal Avenue, Baltimore; Margaret F. Schaeffer Glace, Academic Dean; established 1948; practical and fine arts and design. 29 State scholarships (Code 1951, Art. 77, sec. 257). Appropriations: 1955, $21,500; 1956, $21,500. ST. JOHN’S COLLEGE, Annapolis; Richard D. Weigle, President; established 1696; liberal arts, co-educational. 29 State scholarships covering tuition, room and board and 25 State scholarships covering tuition only are awarded (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 253, 254). Appro- priations: 1955, $75,000; 1956, $75,000. WASHINGTON COLLEGE, Chestertown; Daniel Z. Gibson, President; established 1782; liberal arts, teacher preparation, co-educational. State scholarships: 36 covering tuition, room and board, and textbooks, 25 covering tuition and textbooks and 50 covering tuition only are awarded (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 259-265). The Governor appoints 12 of the twenty-five trustees, one from each of the counties on the Eastern Shore and three at large for terms of six years (Acts 1922, ch. 121). The gubernatorial appointees are: John Dickinson, 1955; Jesse C. Smith, 1955; Edward D. E. Rollins, 1955; Robert L. Swain, 1955; William R. Horney, 1957; John H. Hessey, 1957; Gustav C. Zucco, 1957; Clifton M. Miller, 1957; Edward N. Evans, 1959; J. Millard Tawes, 1959; George A. Bunting, 1959; Avery W. Hall, 1959. Appropriations: 1955, $95,000; 1956, $95,000. WESTERN MARYLAND COLLEGE, Westminster; Lowell Ensor, President; established 1868; liberal arts and sciences, music and teacher preparation; co-educational. 58 State scholarships covering tuition and board and 14 State scholarships covering tuition only are awarded (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 255-256). Appropriations: 1955, $95,000; 1956, $95,000.

Preparatory Schools CHARLOTTE HALL SCHOOL, Charlotte Hall; M. D. Burgee, Principal; established 1784; boys’ preparatory, military, grades 5-12. 29 State scholarships covering tuition, room and board (Code 1951, Art. 77, secs. 266, 267). Appropriations: 1955, $27,550; 1956, $27,550. McDONOGH SCHOOL FOR BOYS, McDonogh; established 1873; boys’ preparatory, semi-military, agricultural and mechanical arts. Appropriations: 1955, $1,000; 1956, $1,000. WEST NOTTINGHAM ACADEMY, Colora; Charles W. Blaker, Head- master; established 1741; boys’ preparatory, grades 7-12, boarding. Appropriations: 1955, $1,000; 1956, $1,000. 220 MARYLAND MANUAL

Special Schools MARYLAND SCHOOL FOR THE BLIND, Overlea; Francis M. Andrews, Superintendent; established 1853; elementary and secondary education for blind students of Maryland, Delaware and District of Columbia; elementary and secondary education of Negro deaf or blind students. Appropriations: 1955, $218,368; 1956, $227,855. CARDINAL GIBBONS INSTITUTE, Ridge; Rev. Horace B. McKenna, S.J., Superintendent; established 1924; academic, vocational agriculture, home economics, for boys and girls; rural cooperatives, evening courses for adults. Appropriations: 1955, $2,000; 1956, $2,000.

Societies and Associations MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 201 W. Monument Street, Baltimore; George W. Radcliffe, President; James W. Foster, Director; museum, historical documents and manuscripts, library. Appro- priations: 1955, $27,550; 1956, $28,820. STAR-SPANGLED BANNER FLAG HOUSE ASSOCIATION, 844 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore; Mrs. Arthur Sewell, Curator; museum. Appropriations: 1955, $1,000; 1956, $1,000. PENINSULAR HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, Salisbury; W. Lee Allen, Secretary-Treasurer; advancement of horticulture and agriculture on the Delmarva Peninsula. Appropriations: 1955, $500; 1956, $500. BALTIMORE ASSOCIATION OF COMMERCE, 22 Light Street, Baltimore; the appropriation by the State is for the promotion of the port and industry of Baltimore City and to the Maryland Development Bureau of the Association for the same purpose throughout the State. Appropriation: 1955, $21,250; 1956, $21,250. MARYLAND AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 10 N. Calvert Street, Baltimore; Charles E. Wise, Secretary; the society was incorporated in 1916. It provides for the unification and coordination of related agricultural and horticultural societies throughout the State. The funds appropriated are for the publication of the Society’s annual transactions. Appropriations: 1955, $2,500; 1956, $2,500. MARYLAND ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, 400 Cathedral Street, Balti- more. The^ Academy was established for the purpose of promoting an interest in science and the dissemination of scientific information. Appropriations: 1955, $2,000; 1956, $2,000. MARYLAND STATE FIREMEN’S ASSOCIATION. The funds appropriated are the State’s share of the pension fund for disabled firemen or for widows and children of deceased firemen (Acts 1935, ch. 260). Appropriations: 1955, $20,000; 1956, $25,000.

HEALTH SERVICES HOSPITAL FOR THE CONSUMPTIVES OF MARYLAND (EUDO- WOOD SANATORIUM), Towson; established 1894; Robert Sherrill Rogers, M.D., Superintendent. Six members of the Board of Directors are appointed by the Governor for a term of six years. The Governor’s appointees are: C. Alvin Riebling, 1959; Myles Katz, 1959; Fred H. Dollenberg, 1955; Frank L. LaMotte, 1955; Royden A. Blunt, 1957; Claude B. Heilman, 1957, MARYLAND MANUAL 221

~~CHILD WELFARE~~

No. of Days’ Care Given Institution Appropriations Amount Earned To All State 1955 1956 Individuals Care House of the Good Shepherd for Colored Girls $18,470.94 20,940 9,731 House of the Good Shepherd for White Girls $54,642.95 28,542 23,827

~~Totals.. $85,000 $85,000 $73,113.89 49,482 33,558~~

APPROPRIATIONS—CITY OF ANNAPOLIS The following funds are paid to the City of Annapolis for services rendered to the State’s buildings: Annapolis Fire Department: Appropriations: 1955, $2,000; 1956, $2,000. Annapolis Sewerage Plant: Appropriations: 1955, $2,500; 1956; $2,500. Garbage Collection: Appropriations: 1955, $2,000; 1956, $2,000.

BONDED INDEBTEDNESS AS OF JUNE 30, 1954 General Bond Issue of 1939 $ 500,000.00 General Bond Issue of 1941 643,000.00 Post-War Construction Loan of 1945 3,281,000.00 General Construction Loan of 1947 8,966,000.00 Armory Loan of 1948 524,000.00 General Construction Loan of 1949 15,325,000.00 General Public School Assistance Loan of 1949 18,558,000.00 General Public School Assistance Loan of 1949 48,049,000.00 Maryland School for the Blind Loan of 1949 305,000.00 General Construction Loan of 1950 3,624,000.00 Mental Hospital Construction Loan of 1950 2,800,000.00 General Construction Loan of 1951 19,005,000.00 Civil Defense Loan of 1951 1,000,000.00 Johns Hopkins University Loan of 1951 1,500,000.00 St. Mary’s Seminary Junior College Loan of 1951 500,000.00 General Construction Loan of 1952 10,000,000.00 General Public School Construction Loan of 1953 2,495,000.00 Total Bonded Debt $137,075,000.00 222 MARYLAND MANUAL SUMMARY

Amount of Interest Total Public Fiscal Year Ending Bonds Requirements Debt June 1954 Maturing Requirements 1955. 6,669 ,000.00 2 ,123 ,268.75 8,792 ,268.75 1956. 8,883 ,000.00 2,020 ,018.75 10 ,903 ,018.75 1957. 10 ,316 ,000.00 1,874 ,051.25 12,190 ,051.25 1958. 10 ,433 ,000.00 1,714 ,092.50 12 ,147 ,092.50 1959. 10,638 ,000.00 1,551 ,698.75 12 ,189 ,698.75 1960. 10,913 ,000.00 1 ,385 ,536.25 12 ,298 ,536.25 1961. 11,189 ,000.00 1,215 ,205.00 12 ,404 ,205.00 1962. 11 ,475 ,000.00 1,040 ,626.25 12,515 ,626.25 1963. 11 ,540 ,000.00 862 ,752.50 12 ,402 ,752.50 1964. 11,160 ,000.00 686 ,427.50 11 ,846 ,427.50 1965. 10,814 ,000.00 510 ,296.25 11,324 ,296.25 1966. 10,170 ,000.00 338 ,825.00 10 ,508 ,825.00 1967. 6,417 ,000.00 192 ,208.75 6,609 ,208.75 1968. 4,679 ,000.00 87 ,227.50 4,766 ,227.50 1969. 1,779 ,000.00 15 ,566.25 1,794 ,566.25 Total. $137 ,075,000.00 $15,617,801.25 $152 ,692 ,801.25 NOTE: The following bonds have been authorized but have not been issued as of June 30. 1954: Name of Loan Authority Amount General Public School Assistance Chapter 502 of the Acts of 1949, Loan of 1949 amended by Chapter 52 of the Acts of 1950 $ 779,000.00 General Construction Loan of 1952 Chapter 53 of the Acts of 1952 13 ,525 ,000.00 General Public School Construction Chapter 609 of the Acts of 1953. ... 17 ,505 ,000.00 Loan of 1953 General Construction Loan of 1953 Chapter 780 of the Acts of 1953, amended by Chapter 7 of the Acts of 1954 15 ,036 ,950.00 State Office Building Loan of 1954 Chapter 55 of the Acts of 1954 .... 2 ,000 ,000.00 General Construction Loan of 1954 Chapter 45 of the Acts of 1954 .... 7 ,864 ,600 .00 St. John’s College Loan of 1954 Chapter 57 of the Acts of 1954 .... 250 ,000.00 Total $56 ,960,550.00 SISTATE AIL AIDEDA1DEU HOSPITALS:tiusriii1.iJ0NuMBER AMOUNT 0F OPpATIENTS STATE APPROPRIATIONS,NUMBER OF DAYS AMOUNT CARE FOR OF FUNDSPERIOD EARNED AND RECEIVED JULY 1, 1953 to JUNE 30, 1954 w 3 "3 E *-p'© P’ ^ rt- “I S’® ^■o p CD P* cn 3.p o 'S i2 » 2 Hi© 5L H o 3"© 2Q 3 St pig W3 ^p © p pH jcrfo p © ^ 0 p i O 3 3 M _l'* CO 1 o 2 ■p 2 3.P 3:3 3 s. W3 ST ^ 13 P 3 53 -- ^4-i p 3 . ^ ffi *1 o r* ?h u cn co to 00 Cn CO 05 05 sg ^ Pi3 2hT 3 s-'tw§ § 3 3 C s.' ^ P p ^ © ^. 3-iS P S ^SlP'P 0 5-hho s-tr'tdUsrp oS^ ^3 ^S.aal'Mg ^C.p 0^03 p-o £3 © ^3 .O (5 O CO ^3.0^0 3 “S’s-- ’-ffaE® - 2 2 cn 00 05 to 05 © 55 3 3 ^ P- M ® 3 "3 ? ■ tr.^ ? w o^ t g> © t MSS S ^ ^ 1 to 05 CO to 05 as 05 co cn ^ & 03. <’ PJ< 3 (d p > P 3 O' to 00 co 00 cn os co a> co 00 03 )—* CO 00 tO CO ■; w p 2 QW cn co co cn to co co co to to co *0 W© p sip © ^ S'. 2 p S3 s ^53 - O “ o3 triS’S-SB-ffig Seal C I^g' ?? ’O ' CQ 02 !“ag avriNYH aNYlAHVM Cl 3 to 05 to rf*. cn co co co CO CO 05 3. as CT o —■ OJM 3 B.g lEr P- CO og CO 2. CO o to O 1 19 ^“3 O? 5 I pop >>p >0 3 © 3 © ~~kl co co 00 cn cn 00 to Co co 05 00 cn to cn 00 00 05 05 05 CO 2 ° g'og;^” o? P-2-P-© KP’O P©g,2.o3-p!>jlJ 82S CO CO 00 CO Hrjro -t Cu © © ..Pi 2. > 2 rs r 2.?r CO CO cn to CO CO CO to H Pi © © W: o . oa « o "o: oi cn co cn co to cn to CO CO 05 05 K) tO CO 03 71 o s-sS.S's 239 APPROPRIATIONS—Continued H W ?I‘S! co cn to tzz 05- to', CO to to to oo cn to. to 05 00 00 ^ to to co co oo oo cn co 05 05 05 00 00 to O CO to 00 o to cn 05 co cn oo cn CO to to 05 Wg Hg-Wo-t-' 1 Oi. to N> to cn. to to oo oo co 05 co co cn to e. g 5? ^ ^ 3 d3 egg »!!’!■?§<» ' g 0 3® 3 om5' „M§Bgggq K £?a o 2, P g3 oo to os to to to 05 05 05 00 05 O to to to 05 to cn oo 05 oo cn 00 to to 05 00 b rt- Q VJ lIO-H W _ ft- S S » 33“ >3 ^ :sg® !.9&w rs-’a 3- aviiNvw aNvaAHVH ^3:n O O 0,0 to * o o MSB ® ® o p ^ ao 3 3 pW 3 w agO < a> o’W^ 3 to K-p C ^ ^ 3' l_j O [piO 3 Wm ^P o p O ?p -O 0-2 II l|^| M 0 a§ g3 is P jO jK O M '-1 S-'"® 'cn cn 'to Ir w1 g H • I 3’ 5 k: p ^ CC ox "00 Ox tO GO tt-. tO P P P O. w 2 S-2 o a."a.ft>, ifSfffi O O $ o . ^ S 2 § 3 • 3 3 3 3 3. 3 « q*o 3-o o; o 2. S 2. P «- W aq O- a o “ ^W Qp 5.a!5 gs? ” Ca-a g ® B o wo » oa§ SLS' o £> •< 3- < Q- 'gaa^S.!- ^ ^ ! “ 00 to 05 to to cn 00 05 05 to to M K

Closed December 31, 1954. Average Monthly Basis. COMBINED BALANCE SHEET—ALL FUNDS, AS OF JUNE 30, 1954 ll -2 0<5 H cofe ^qO^h OO O 6^ E-s-swaj i-3 s .. zSg S«W ^ IQ os.. o s pSH ^w 5S g«-.cr-,— u-u., wo 0 g 1 v/ J •- a o ooco O coro O 00lO pis Oh Zco Q 1:8 •5cW ^3 g-SO'Be sgllSlI if j£^gSs o -gOJ X0.» MARYLAND MANUAL CQ-; gaa; ,p«§|T fcol”! O 3Qpqg«oO oQ "a |2 >-f i o3 3Q a< I a | (M CO0500 S So3h £s£2 « tgcjsSi=£«£ lG|go|li'i“'iS cr= rt I||Sog£^||| .||ggg i!4 <30^; O «^ O15rO ^J.SiO H sLz ?1£ ..f§ o[ ■ "ce Q a ^rRM/P aPa«§H P3^ §i§S 3 o'a'c’a. ca a"ce"a• 7s a-s g-sg^ I OfcO^H f oa« 6 :Q ig||l ta -ETO «*-. .H—. "C — I :« 43 -p^ T3 •> % a 2 :S o •t_,'L w -KS ° -Q § S :§ S 225

33,868.75 226 MARYLAND MANUAL t Includes “Baltimore City Tax Collector—Special Fund” cash balance of S10,656.09. INVESTMENTS OWNED AS OF JUNE 30, 1954 Q s s ca >> cd r? 3 Q hu &H 5>*h QmZ W coco O $££ ••©: o ^ cOc3 Tf © 0 ooooooooooooooooooooo ooooooooooooooooooooo ooooooooooooooooooooo oooooooooooooooot>oooo 0404040404040404040404040404040404040404e0 © ^(^lOOrHiH04COOO<< HcocziwaiHcot/3KiÊ-'^HEHcocHc-'ccÊ-'H CQOOOOPQOOOCQpqCQPQfQOpQpQCQmmW 'd wmw’dm'd'd'd'd’dw’d'd’d'd’d’d 05>>->>a5>>050505050)>05 05 05 3bCbCbCM3b£{5£!5£d33335fd33333 occccocccooooocoooooo fi'd'd'd'd C'dTJ'dccts m tn-Hi- Dt>O00 0005OOOOOTfOOOOOt> H05 04" O OOt>©CO 05 OJ04CC0505004CO I !IIop MARYLAND MANUAL \ WIOo\oooo OOO 05 H t> -.rH T-HOCi-Mi-Ii-HrH»-(05r-(©r-tC3r-l H 04^04^>0404^04^-04+j-u+J 05 rH04COTjICO WrH 3 rHÔr-lrH tH^-IO>HtH‘E^•T'‘E'C ico ooo-*joo OQ >,33 OO O gWPQPQ ^ 2^©O ae o® !z ° CO Eh peg O b£E-c£hEh a t CO ooo o ooo ooo o o ^ 04 000 cowed |6S6? 3 rtOO l> 05 > cOd gmM o o o o o o O C 05 -1 c Q 0 £ Q o goo £ wco Ph coE m-c a E- S ^ Si3 fe §(§ ^ 733 Pi ° ^'E k ^ lJ w °« b 04 1 z Q 227 go^ ^ S3 S'51 r^ -w e©CD o Q c CP "3© EhP5 ■« H dS, Q- « •7 CO H >><2 wO gj gg.1 ll'l CQ !Z5" Sb hS S &e- co ^ 05 g

t These securities carried at cost value. PROPERTY AS OF JUNE 30, 1954 228 -a > Oh 5 2 a 6 c % > o« CD C 01M u "Ocaooo.ô^ 1 g’S’S-B?I®ig aga|0.8 +J 23bflc! PQO©(Mt>© g’SSfSJs gj>2 ©©©©rH© fa cafa^ 0 2-2a© OC.0 B I OC0 05©00CO cjc OÔO cS K .s g 00 © © ©© g c - '< fl bc*^ 2 ° >>'5 C'a ii giic±scsc" I &.|&.g&.Iag t> ©CO IM l>© 00 rH t- ©CO M t>© 00 COrH 73 cDwomajcoaMaj rtficactacriCca gOOoOoOQO +J1 UUO O 3 MARYLAND MANUAL o ^ S; &oaopqo« o ^CC3r,-*-'> ® JHgE-cQH2 C 5“ sse^sê^g^ o§30fe|fe.sfeo o « I =.2 g; LsJ CO ©00 <1 wgjoajc(D j hca«ea © CO >>fQ - go=BSS-E'C-Ei |&ll&.@agg|e CO©©© (MrlH t>(M © Wg H KtiS o h ^ 03"fa O fa03 3 fa03Q, a'ai bB.i 3 mC*3oOC 2" w©fl) 3 © 00 t> © t>© © 00© ©t> © 05 C mI- itaM ,, 2 2M« » O03 ca 3 © COTf rH © 00 ©T} ©CO © ©^©(M © Tl<(MlO00 CO ©00 3 .o gcaa-« QQQQQQ OHfcOuOg -2 M3 rH © 4J HJ-W+J3 03 O-ubo 03 I m Ihnr 03 3 3 SESbSS-S £a$la°$ Q. Q,D. 3 ca'a S 6£ 3 be© •S'g >t3d •S OOOOÔOOOOOO03|3 *03 o30) «S'2 NOOtO 00t>iH05© OQQQQ QfiaQCQQWW KgSSSSSSSS 4J4J4J4J-W C4J-4J-P+J-M4J4JO C c3S3rt C H5HJ-C &IJ § O W m co © CO00t>SO (M©CO (MW©T}SO«>rH ©U5t> (M©t>©Tj

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Year Rate Year Rate 1841 20 1918 36% 1842-1852 25 1919-1920 36 31/72 1853-1855 15 1921 35 1/3 1856-1861 10 1922 35 1862-1863 25 1923 30 1/13 1864 15 1924 30 2/13 1865-1866 30 1925-1926 27 1/5 1867 20 1927 27% 1868-1869 19 1928 25 64/100 1870-1871 1914 1929 25 74/100 1872-1873 17 1930-1933 25 1874-1875 20 5/16 1934-1936 22 1876-1877 17J.| 1937 22% 1878-1887 18M 1938 23 1/100 1888-1900 17 M 1939-1941 23 35/100 1901-1903 17 1942 14 1904 22 M 1943 12 75/100 1905-1906 23H 1944-1945 12 1907-1910 16 1946-1947 10 1911 1948 22 11 13/100 1912 1949 23M 11 15/100 1913-1914 31 1950 12 39/100 1915-1916 32 1/3 1951-1953 6 1917 36 5/12 1954 5 67/100 1955 10 39/100 1956 10 90/100

~~Officers of~~

~~Local Government~~

~~I Counties II Baltimore City~~

~~MARYLAND MANUAL 237~~

STATE’S ATTORNEYS Elected by the people of the counties for terms of four years. (All terms expire 1959) Allegany .Paul M. Fletcher Cumberland Anne Arundel .. C. Osborne Duvall Annapolis Baltimore John E. Raine, Jr Towson Calvert David A. Harkness Prince Frederick Caroline James A. Wise Denton Carroll Donald C. Sponseller. .. Westminster Cecil J. Albert Roney, Jr Elkton Charles George W. Bowling La Plata Dorchester C. Burnam Mace Cambridge Frederick Samuel W. Barrick Frederick Garrett Stephen R. Pagenhardt. Oakland Harford Harry E. Dyer, Jr Bel Air Howard C. Orman Manahan Ellicott City Kent George B. Rasin, Jr Chestertown Montgomery Alger Y. Barbee Rockville Prince George’s .Blair H. Smith .Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s ... Harry C. Butler Centreville St. Mary’s Walter B. Dorsey Leonardtown Somerset Wade D. Ward Princess Anne Talbot Henry P. Turner Easton Washington Omer T. Kaylor, Jr Hagerstown Wicomico Hamilton P. Fox, Jr Salisbury Worcester Daniel T. Prettyman Snow Hill

CLERKS OF THE CIRCUIT COURTS Elected by the people of the counties for terms of four years. (All terms expire 1958) Allegany Joseph E.Boden Cumberland Anne Arundel .. .George T. Cromwell Annapolis Baltimore .George L. Byerly Towson Calvert .J. Lloyd Bowen Prince Frederick Caroline D. Ralph Horsey Denton Carroll .Erman A. Shoemaker. Westminster Cecil ,W. Andrew Seth Elkton Charles .Patrick C. Mudd La Plata Dorchester .Roy S. Melvin Cambridge Frederick .Ellis C. Wachter Frederick Garrett .Richard D. Davis Oakland Harford .Garland R. Greer Bel Air Howard .Roby H. Mullinix Ellicott City Kent W. Henry Gsell Chestertown Montgomery .Clayton K. Watkins.... Rockville Prince George’s W. Waverly Webb .Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s. .. .Thomas Sorden Pippin Centreville Somerset Benjamin L. Barnes.. Princess Anne St. Mary’s .C. Benedict Greenwell. Leonardtown Talbot .John T. Baynard Easton Washington G. Merlin Snyder Hagerstown Wicomico .Joseph W. T. Smith.... Salisbury Worcester .Frank W. Hales Snow Hill 238 MARYLAND MANUAL

SHERIFFS Elected by the people of the counties for terms of four years. (All terms expire in 1958) Allegany .Edward R. Muir Cumberland Anne Arundel .. Joseph W. Alton, Jr Annapolis Baltimore .Gilbert G. Miller Towson Calvert Samuel L. Lyons Prince Frederick Caroline William E. Andrew Denton Carroll William M. Buckingham Westminster Cecil Nathan Kaplan Elkton Charles Avery C. Monroe La Plata Dorchester .David F. Bradshaw Cambridge Frederick .Horace M. Alexander Frederick Garrett .Paul W. Fisher Oakland Harford .Raymond A. Fulker Bel Air Howard W. Harvey Hill Ellicott City Kent Bartos 0. Vickers Chestertown Montgomery Luke J. Bennett, Jr Rockville Prince George’s •I. Lee Ball Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s .. Alexis Butler Centreville St. Mary’s Robert Miedzinski Leonardtown Somerset Isaac H. Dorsey Princess Anne Talbot A. Raymond Carroll Easton Washington Edward L. Rowland Hagerstown Wicomico .Jesse Morris Pollitt Salisbury Worcester Edwin D. Lynch Snow Hill

REGISTERS OF WILLS Elected by the people of the counties for terms of four years. (All terms expire 1958) Allegany A. Charles Stewart Cumberland Anne Arundel .. ,H. Stanley Clark Annapolis Baltimore .Joseph P. Connor Towson Calvert .Grace Lyons Hutchins Prince Frederick Caroline .Carlton V. West Denton Carroll J. Wesley Mathias Westminster Cecil .Bessie C. Hartnett Elkton Charles Evelyn R. Primeau La Plata Dorchester Agnes Phelps McAllister Cambridge Frederick .Harry D. Radcliff Frederick Garrett .Vernie R. Smouse Oakland Harford Thomas L. Adams Bel Air Howard Raymond L. Pickett Ellicott City Kent ,E. Randolph Burgess Chestertown Montgomery .... Elizabeth Asay Rockville Prince George’s Walter D. Addison Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s ... .E. Clyde Walls Centreville Somerset Edward Lankford Fontaine Princess Anne Talbot Ruth R. Startt Easton Washington Harry Newcomer Hagerstown Wicomico James Asbury Holloway Salisbury Worcester Kathryn J. Corddry Snow Hill JUDGES OF THE ORPHANS’ COURTS Elected by the people of the counties for terms of four years. (All terms expire 1958) Allegany William C. Abbott, Chief Lonaconing

Ik,. IWU MARYLAND MANUAL 239 Hugh Stevenson Ellerslie J. French Van Meter Cresaptown Anne Arundel . Owain Elliott Owens, Chief Bristol Milton D. Clary Glen Burnie Ernest A. McAllister Baltimore Baltimore Samuel A. Green, Chief Towson William M. Anderson, Jr Pikesville Arthur D. McCormick Baltimore Calvert Gorman A. Buckler, Chief Huntingtown Lawrence W. Pardoe Island Green J. Allen Sheckells Huntingtown Caroline Maurice A. Brackett, Chief Denton Clinton T. Carroll Bethlehem Robert F. Schreiber Greensboro Carroll J. Walter Grumbine, Chief Westminster E. Lee Erb Union Bridge W. Roy Pool Finksburg Cecil N. Munson Jackson, Chief Principio Furnace Dorie B. Foster Elkton Niven E. Sewart R.F.D. Elkton Charles R. Harvey Hayden, Chief Tompkinsville Joseph S. Burch Port Tobacco Florence K. Porter Potomac Heights Dorchester John J. Barth, Chief Cambridge Kathleen Henry Coll Cambridge Sherwood Yates Cambridge Frederick Mary Hancock Gregory, Chief Frederick Samuel Q. Ausherman Burkittsville Frank C. Shook Frederick Garrett Charles F. Hammond, Chief Oakland Ellsworth G. Moon Mt. Lake Park Roy C. Turney Accident Harford Amos H. Cooley, Chief Bel Air Bertram B. Coale Bel Air Richard M. Harkins Whiteford Howard Maurice E. Dasher, Chief Ellicott City William J. Bauman Ellicott City Harold J. Stromberg Ellicott City Kent Banjamin Durding, Chief Chestertown Paul D. Bowman Chestertown James H. Groves Kennedyville Montgomery .... Ella R. Plummer, Chief Gaithersburg John R. Foley Kensington Lester Kraft Chevy Chase Prince George’s. Bess B. Lavine, Chief West Hyattsville Frank L. Anderson Riverdale Robert C. Meredith Washington 22, D. C. Queen Anne’s .. Richard B. Davidson, Chief Queenstown E. Trippe Callahan Centreville William E. Coleman Crumpton St. Mary’s J. Walter Norris, Chief Hollywood A. Clarence Latham Clements T. Sterling Tennison California 240 MARYLAND MANUAL

Somerset Henry Bedsworth, Chief Crisfield Ross J. McIntyre Princess Anne Warren Ward Crisfield Talbot Claude F. Sewell, Chief St. Michaels Alfred T. Jones Easton Howard W. Newnam Oxford Washington. Alfred C. Huffer, Chief Boonsboro Howard J. Grove Hancock Edward L. Shank Williamsport Wicomico... .Benjamin W. Turner, Chief Salisbury Joseph A. Bailey Mardella Springs W. Harrison Townsend Salisbury Worcester..., William E. Thomas, Chief Berlin William A. Harris, Jr Snow Hill Charles W. Pilchard Pocomoke

TREASURERS Elected by the people for a term of four years, except in Montgomery County where he is appointed by the County Council for an indefinite term. (All terms expire 1959) Allegany James W. Bishop Cumberland Anne Arundel .... Joseph H. Griscom, Sr. Annapolis Baltimore .Charles L. Hammond Towson Calvert J. Austin Bowen Prince Frederick Caroline William S. Orme Denton Carroll Paul C. Bonsack Westminster Cecil .Clement W. Mackie Elkton Charles .J. Franklin Winkler La Plata Dorchester .Fred W. Lucas Cambridge Frederick .James H. Falk Frederick Garrett .Joseph Welch ’. Oakland Harford .Street Bowman Bel Air Howard .Roland S. Maxwell Ellicott City Kent .Robert E. Lee Chestertown Montgomery* Alex Hancock Rockville Prince George’s*. .Charles Edwin Callow.. .Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s .Charles E. Anthony .... Centreville St. Mary’s .Francis Geroe Cecil Leonardtown Somerset .Carlos Bozman Princess Anne Talbot .W. Frampton Carroll Easton Washington .Hugh K. Troxell Hagerstown Wicomico .Charles W. Bennett Salisbury Worcester .John H. Stevens Snow Hill

BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS Elected by the people of the counties for terms of four years. (All terms expire 1958) Allegany William H. Lemmert, President Frostburg James Orr Cumberland Charles N. Wilkinson Cumberland James G. Stevenson, Clerk Cumberland Gorman E. Getty, Attorney Cumberland Director of Finance. Photo: Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission ROCKY GORGE DAM Patuxent Rivee — Near Laurel Completed 1954 University of Maryland — College Park Completed 1950 ACTIVITIES BUILDING University of Maryland — College Park Completed 1955 RITCHIE HIGHWAY INTERCHANGE Anne Arundel County Completed 1954 CALLOWAY SCIENCE HALL (Architect’s Sketch) Morgan State College —■ Baltimore Completed 1954 PENINSULA GENERAL HOSPITAL Salisbury The Johns Hopkins University — Baltimore Completed 1954 PATUXENT INSTITUTION Jessup—Anne Arundel County Completed 1954 MARYLAND MANUAL 241

Anne Arundel Ralph L. Lowman, President Baltimore Louis Alfred Boehm Baltimore Samuel J. Carr Mayo James W. Crosby Bristol John M. Everd Pasadena George E. Frank Annapolis Paulina W. Remey ■_ Deale Henry C. Wigley, Sr Millersville Lucy F. Loskosky, Clerk Annapolis Marvin I. Anderson, Attorney Annapolis Baltimore Michael J. Birmingham, President Baltimore Robert B. Hamill Catonsville Augustine J. Muller Lutherville Frances M. Schuler, Clerk Towson Carroll W. Royston, Attorney Towson Calvert. George W. Dorsey, Sr., President, Prince Frederick Wilbur T. Grover Lusby Samuel Owings, IV North Beach Jean L. Dorsey, Clerk Prince Frederick J. Frank Boyd, Attorney Prince Frederick Caroline .John W. Eveland, President Ridgely John Stanton LeGates Preston A. Webster Todd Preston Rachel Collinson, Clerk Denton Wesley E. Thawley, Attorney Denton Carroll. ..James E. Shilling, President Westminster Edmund L. Carr Manchester John D. Young Uniontown Paul C. Bonsack, Clerk Westminster A. Earl Shipley, Attorney Westminster Cecil Thomas N. Kay, President North East Ira A. Moore .....Elkton Harvey E. Simmers Rising Sun Pauline von Hofen, Clerk Elkton Walter E. Buck, Attorney Elkton Charles. ..John L. Sullivan, President Charlotte Hall William Edward Berry Waldorf Lemuel Wilmer Faulkner Mary C. Blackmon, Clerk La Plata Rudolph A. Carrico, Attorney La Plata Dorchester. ,.M. Baker Robbins, President Andrews Ralph O. Wheatley East New Market E. Roscoe Willey Cambridge Emma Lee Henry, Clerk Cambridge Harrington & Thompson, Attorneys....Cambridge Frederick Delbert S. Null, President Braddock Heights Edward F. Holter Middletown Mehrl H. Ramsburg Thurmont C. Burton Cannon, Jr., Clerk Frederick Byron W. Thompson, Attorney Frederick Garrett. Harvey D. Swartzentruber, President . ..Oakland Aubrey C. Brenneman Friendsville Ervin A. Roth Deer Park R. T. Brohawn, Clerk Oakland W. Dwight Stover, Attorney Oakland 242 MARYLAND MANUAL

Harford . B. Burdell Preston, President Aberdeen W. Chase Coale Aberdeen Abe Davis Havre de Grace Charles H. Hartman, Clerk Bel Air Robert H. Archer, Attorney Bel Air Howard ,.E. Walter Scott, President Clarkesville Howard W. Clark Glenelg Norman E. Moxley EHicott City John L. Iglehart, Clerk Ellicott City T. Hunt Mayfield, Attorney Ellicott City Kent ..J. Thomas Kibler, President Chestertown Percy M. Hepbron Rock Hall Julian W. Hurtt Georgetown Laura Lee Hepbron, Clerk Chestertown William JJ. Gould, Attorney Chestertown Montgomery ..J. Grahame Walker, President.. .Washington, D.C. Jerry T. Williams Laytonsville Grover K. Walker Gaithersburg Charles H. Jamison Poolesville Stella B. Werner Chevy Chase Robert T. Snure Silver Spring Wilbur N. Baughman Silver Spring William B. McKinney, Clerk Rockville Charles M. Irelan, Attorney Rockville Prince George’s Jesse S. Baggett, President Hyattsville Lansdale G. Claggett Upper Marlboro Frank J. Lastner Greenbelt A. Preston Perrie Washington, D.C. Herbert W. Reichelt Mt. Rainier R. Lee Van Horn, Clerk Upper Marlboro William L. Kohler, Attorney Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s ..Clayton Cann Carter, President Centreville S. Grayson Chance Centreville Eugene Oliver Legg, Sr Chester Frances C. Legg, Clerk Centreville J. Elmer Thompson, Jr., Attorney Centreville St. Mary’s. Leonard S. Alvey, President Leonardtown C. Byron Guy Clements Ernest L. Stone Park Hall Sara M. King, Clerk Leonardtown William 0. E. Sterling, Attorney Leonardtown Somerset .Robert Charles Long, President. ..Princess Anne Allen T. Long Westover Elwood Sterling, Sr Crisfield Bernice B. Sessions, Clerk Princess Anne Harry C. Dashiell, Attorney Princess Anne Talbot. .Omer Dulin, Sr., President Easton Wilson M. Jarboe Sherwood H. T. Slaughter, Jr Longwoods Charles L. Sheridan, Clerk Easton Z. H. Stafford, Attorney Easton Washington. W. Lee Elgin, President Hagerstown Chester F. Delphey Hagerstown Clarence V. Eldridge Hagerstown George S. Fockler Hagerstown Harry C. Snook Hagerstown MARYLAND MANUAL 243

Hubert P. Stine, Clerk Hagerstown John M. Colton, Attorney Hagerstown Wicomico .Wade H. Insley, Jr., President Salisbury Ralph O. Dulany Fruitland Leslie H. Evans Delmar Hermus W. Lowe Salisbury Paul M. Widdowson Mardela Springs Frank L. Boatman, Clerk Salisbury Richard E. Cullen, Attorney Salisbury Worcester. .Joseph G. Harrison, President Berlin Eugene P. Matthews Pocomoke Preston Jones Newark Elizabeth M. Warner, Clerk Snow Hill Godfrey Child, Attorney Snow Hill

SURVEYORS Elected by the people of the counties for terms of four years. (All terms expire 1958) Allegany Vacant Anne Arundel ... James D. Hicks Annapolis Baltimore William M. Maynadier. Towson Calvert Vacant Caroline John C. Fisher Denton Carroll George Bucher John Westminster Cecil Elmer A. Jones, Jr...... North East Charles Dietrich H. Steffens.... La Plata Dorchester Lawrence F. Simons ...Cambridge Frederick .Vacant Garrett .Vacant Harford Glen C. Deaton Bel Air Howard Vacant Kent Vacant Montgomery Robert K. Maddox ... Rockville Prince George’s. Walter G. Banks Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s.... Vacant St. Mary’s William L. Bowman.... Lexington Park Somerset W. Ballard Miles Princess Anne Talbot Vacant Washington J. Harold Siebert Hagerstown Wicomico .Roy Edward Moore ... Salisbury Worcester .Vacant

TRIAL MAGISTRATES Appointed by the Governor, with Senate consent, for two years. (All terms expire 1957) Allegany J. Milton Dick Cumberland Donald W. Mason Cumberland James Carter Frostburg Fred Crowe Frostburg Melvin S. Sloan Lonaconing Howard R. Stevens Mt. Savage Carl W. Shaffer Westernport James G. Blair Midland William E. Meagher Cresaptown Forrest Mowbray Barton 244 MARYLAND MANUAL

Donald E. Stockman Oldtown William E. Kines Flintstone Morris Baron, for Juvenile Causes Robert C. Pollock, Substitute Anne Arundel .Robert E. Dammeyer Annapolis Louis J. DeAlba Ferndale John Collins Odenton Paul Pitcher Mountain Road Norman T. Hazard Edgewater Walter H. Beardmore, Substitute Baltimore .John J. Caslin Towson J. Lee Smith, Jr Catonsville Paul Martin Reisterstown George M. Shriver, Jr Pikesville Millard L. Cursey Cockeysville Levering V. Ruhl Parkton E. Scott Moore Kingsville Charles B. Knode Halethorpe Edward F. Dice Edgemere Louella Feltes Sparrows Point Maurice Baldwin Fullerton Alden S. Bradstock Dundalk William F. McDonald Essex Vernon L. Piel Woodlawn Everett B. Wilson Rosedale Ernest C. Trimble Parkdale Osborne P. Beall, Substitute Edward Paul Swiss, Substitute Calvert. Arthur R. King North Beach Frank L. Coster Prince Frederick F. A. Chavez, Substitute North Beach Paul Moffett, Substitute Prince Frederick Caroline W. A. Stewart Wright Denton L. Claude Howard Federalsburg Truman H. Richards, Substitute Carroll C. Rogers Hall Westminster Ernest F. Dukes, Substitute Cecil.... .William C. Kemp Elkton Zachary T. Cooling Chesapeake City Benjamin Cole Perryville Clifford Marker Rising Sun John Harvey Blackburn Port Deposit Robert J. Andrews, Substitute Charles. .LeMorton E. Crist, Jr La Plata Bernard Reese Winkler, Substitute Dorchester. .J. Otis McAllister Cambridge William V. Smith Hurlock James Leslie Bradley Vienna J. Monroe Murphy, Substitute Frederick. .H. Reese Shoemaker, Jr Frederick Wilbur F. Sheffield, Jr Frederick Paul M. Little, Jr ....Thurmont Herbert W. Kennedy ...Brunswick Charles D. Gillelan." Emmitsburg Edward J. Smith, Substitute MARYLAND MANUAL 245

Garrett ..Dwight A. Barrick Kitzmiller Charles S. Zeller Grantsville William 0. Bitzer Oakland Ivan Humberson Friendsville Harford ..Robert R. Lawder Havre de Grace F. Walser Hawtin Aberdeen Lewis J. Williams Bel Air Harry St. A. O’Neill Abingdon Edward C. Wilson, Jr Darlington Albert P. Close, Substitute Howard ..G. William Eklof, Jr Ellicott City J. Frank Curtis Elkridge Thomas O. King Savage William G. Davis, Substitute Kent W. Vernon Kirby Chestertown Clarence M. Melvin, Substitute Prince George’s. ..Nita S. Hinman Crane Upper Marlboro Grover Lee Small Hyattsville W. Britton Moore, Substitute Queen Anne’s...... J, West Thompson, Jr Centreville F. Asbury Bartlett, Substitute St. Mary’s ...J. Walter Abell Leonardtown Louis V. Hammett, Substitute Somerset ...J. Herman Sterling Crisfield Arthur P. Dryden Princess Anne Ben Whitelock, Substitute Talbot ...Charles E. Wheeler Easton William H. Adkins, II, Substitute Washington ...William P. Kreykenbohn Hagerstown Paul Ottinger Hagerstown Jesse Shank Williamsport E. Austin Bikle Boonsboro Edward P. Fost Hancock Evan H. Crossley, for Juvenile Causes Wicomico ...Fanny B. Murphy Salisbury Harry E. Hudson, Substitute J. Franklin Farlow, Substitute Worcester. ...James B. Robins Ocean City Solomon J. Small Pocomoke Granville Cropper, Sr Berlin Handy B. Truitt Snow Hill Paul M. Davis, Substitute

BOARDS OF SUPERVISORS OF ELECTIONS Appointed by the Governor, with consent of the Senate, for terms of two years. (All terms expire June 1957) Allegany Victor M. Hebb Cumberland William A. Wilson Midland Matthew J. Mullaney Westernport Anne Arundel Douglas F. Lyons Annapolis Irma M. Anderson Glen Burnie Victor Sulin Severn 246 MARYLAND MANUAL Baltimore D. Park Kieffer Reisterstown A. Dewey Zimmerman Baltimore 28 J. Bradley Shepperd Upper Falls Calvert Silas Bowen Adelina William E. Lankford Olivet William L. Osbourne Lower Marlboro Caroline . . .Oscar L. Lord Templeville Carlton Mandrell Denton Frank Bradley Federalsburg Carroll J. Thomas Anders Westminster David. Smith Taneytown Francis J. Crawford Westminster Cecil Allen Carlson, Jr North East Albert Winchester Perryville Horace B. Lilley Elkton Charles Philip B. Bowling La Plata Charles A. Murphy Waldorf Harry Gough La Plata Dorchester Howard Hall Cambridge A. K. Bradley East New Market C. Elwood Cheesman Madison Frederick... .Howard R. Damuth Thurmont Charles Urner Price Frederick George F. Grove Frederick Garrett .Francis W. Sanders Oakland William L. Gibson Oakland William O. Treacy Oakland Harford Frank E. Baker Aberdeen James M. Johnson Forest Hill J. Charles Rutledge Rutledge Howard William W. Pindell Glenwood Rudolph H. Wehland Ellicott City George R. Lilly Elkridge Kent Henry S. Rasin Worton John M. Wright Chestertown Howard S. Leaverton Chestertown Montgomery . Willard A. King Bethesda Forest B. Snyder Damascus Dulaney F. Brown Damascus Prince George’s Earl H. Wilkinson District Heights Ernest L. Fairall Beltsville Alexander L. Buscher College Park Queen Anne’s . .William W. Elburn Chestertown Raymond F. Coursey Grasonville Leonard Smith Grasonville St. Mary’s Leroy J. Thompson Valley Lee Marcus W. Miller Lexington'Park J. Gerald Abell Leonardtown Somerset .Norman P. Dryden Princess Anne George E. Maddrix Crisfield Hilton Dize Crisfield MARYLAND MANUAL 247

Talbot Richard T. Norris Easton Henry H. Purdy Easton Earle B. Wood Easton Washington Samuel C. Eckis Williamsport Amos E. Reeder Boonsboro John S. Hollyday Hagerstown Wicomico Stanley G. Robins Salisbury Clifford W. Evans Salisbury Henry S. Parker Salisbury Worcester W. Earl Timmons Berlin Joseph Murphy Pocomoke City N. Carl Phillips Snow Hill

PERMANENT BOARDS OF REGISTRY One member is appointed by the Board of Supervisors of Elections and one member is appointed by the minority member of the Board of Supervisors. Allegany Irvin J. Neat Cumberland C. William McDermott Anne Arundel George W. Nutwell Annapolis Roland T. Hall Frederick Ruth Moberley Frederick Russell L. House Montgomery Rose Dawson Rockville Ward W. Caddington Washington J. R. R. Black Hagerstown Virginia Clopper

SUPERVISORS OF ASSESSMENTS Appointed by the State Tax Commission for an Indefinite Term Allegany Somerville Nicholson Cumberland Anne Arundel William H. Riley, Jr. Annapolis Baltimore Howard E. Burkhardt . Towson Calvert Russell H. Owings Prince Frederick Caroline A. Irvin Brumbaugh Denton Carroll Harry Auldon Dobson Westminster Cecil Richard T. Boyle Elkton Charles Edward G. Edelen La Plata Dorchester Reginald A. Jones Cambridge Frederick A. LaMar Barrick Frederick Garrett Richard C. McComas Oakland Harford Stephen M. Kahoe Bel Air Howard Roland W. Cromwell Ellicott City Kent Conlyn E. Noland Chestertown Montgomery Wilton T. Allen Rockville Prince George’s Louis W. Kutsch ..Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s Walter I. Lindsay Centreville St. Mary’s John Ralph Abell Leonardtown Somerset William Clyde Ford, Jr. Princess Anne Talbot Lee C. Vinyard Easton Washington Simon Clopper Hagerstown Wicomico Carl L. Walter Salisbury Worcester Archie H. Hardesty Snow Hill 248 MARYLAND MANUAL

BOARDS OF EDUCATION Appointed by the Governor for terms of six years except in Caroline and Mariord counties where the term is five years and Montgomery County where the members are elected by the people of the county for a term of

Allegany— Mrs. Albert Cook Frost burg 1956 Kenneth Malcolm Westernport 1958 W. Earle Cobey Cumberland 1959 Mrs. Stanley Buckley La vale I960 J. Goodloe Jackson Cumberland 1961 Anne Arundel— Mrs. Guy R. Clements Annapolis 1957 Richard D. Weigle Annapolis 1957 Calvin Miller .Millers ville 1959 Mr. D. Ellwood Williams, Jr. Annapolis 1961 Arris T. Allen Annapolis 1961 Baltimore— Anna S. Rusk .Catonsville 1954 Frank L. LaMotte Towson 1955 A. M. France Parkton 1956 Ernest E. Wooden Woodenburg 1957 Claude B. Heilman Ruxton 1958 F. O. Schnure Sparrows Point 1959 Calvert— Ida B. Ireland Plum Point 1957 Howard E. Thomas .Huntingtown 1957 Perry G. Bowen Adalina 1959 Benjamin A. Sunderland Owings 1961 Verna B. Lore Solomons 1961 Caroline— Gilbert A. Banning Denton 1956 David W. King .Goldsboro 1957 Elias W. Nuttle Denton 1958 A. Orrell Saulsbury, Jr Ridgely 1959 C. Brooks Nagel Preston i960 Carroll— DeVreis R. Hering Sykes ville 1955 Clyde L. Hesson .Taney town 1956 Paul R. Niswander Union Bridge 1957 Albert Lawyer .Westminster 1958 Pearl G. Thompson Mt. Airy 1959 Elmer P. Pfoutz .Westminster I960 Cecil— Peyton Patterson Perry ville 1957 Donald E. Fogg .North East 1959 William T. Ramsey Calvert 1961 Charles— Evelyn Y. Bowling La Plata 1957 Benjamin H. Doane Marbury 1957 William B. Wade, Sr Hughesville 1957 Frank B. Wade Port Tobacco 1959 Mary B. Jenkins Potomac Heights 1961 MARYLAND MANUAL 249

Dorchester— Earl W. Orem Cambridge 1956 Bernard O. Murphy Bishop’s Head 1957 James Otis McAllister Vienna 1958 W. Donald Wheatley Secretary 1959 Theodore R. Reinke East New Market 1960 Florence Schroeder Cambridge 1961 Frederick— George C. Rhoderick, Jr.. Middletown 1956 Joseph F. Rhoderick Braddock Heights 1957 Ross V. Smith Thurmont 1958 Claude W. Lutman Brunswick 1959 Katherine Trudle Powell... . W alkersville 1960 Jane Wise Lewistown 1961 Garrett— Ross Speicher Accident 1957 Charles O. Bender .Grantsville 1959 Ralph Calandrella Kitzmiller 1961 Harford— Samuel W. Galbreath .Rocks 1956 David G. Harry, Jr Pylesville 1957 G. Robert Pennington Havre de Grace 1959 Howard S. O’Neill Bel Air 1960 Mrs. Robert S. Fletcher ... Magnolia 1960 Howard— Charles E. Miller Ellicott City 1957 Mrs. Howard G. Crist, Jr. Marriottsville 1959 Sherwood H. Balderson Elkridge 1961 Kent— Peter P. Jopling .Chestertown 1957 Albert P. Williams Worton 1959 Frederick G. Livengood . Chestertown 1961 Montgomery—• Wylie W. Barrow Chevy Chase 1959 Wayne Birdsell Silver Spring 1959 Harrison C. King Lay tonsville 1959 Rose Kramer Silver Spring 1959 Willard G. McGraw . Gaithersburg 1959 Mrs. John G. Scharf Bethesda 1959 Lathrop E. Smith . Gaithersburg 1959 Prince George’s— Louise D. Yuill Lanham 1956 James D. Harrison Laurel 1957 Raymond E. Steele Hyattsville 1958 Louise D. Cowgill University Park 1959 William J. Griffith Upper Marlboro 1959 J. Frank Dent Clinton 1960 Emma Everson Hyattsville 1961 Queen Anne’s—• Glen T. James Centreville 1957 J. Price Johnson Sudlersville 1959 Margaret V. M. Martin Chester 1961 St. Mary’s— G. Edward Thomas .St. George’s 1957 Abe Weiner .Lexington Park 1958 250 MARYLAND MANUAL

Robert Wigginton Ridge 1958 Clarence Leo Young .Clements 1959 May Russell St. Mary’s City 1960 Somerset— E. E. Croswell Fairmount 1954 Evelyn B. Andrews Crisfield 1955 E. Franklin Fitzgerald. .. Oriole 1956 Roosevelt Evans Smith’s Island. 1957 Robert S. Benepe .Princess Anne .. ,1957 Arthur Daniels Wenona 1958 Golda B. Whittington Marion Station 1959 Talbot— Mrs. John 0. Miller McDaniel 1957 J. Porter Matthews .Easton .... 1959 Shepard Krech, Jr Easton .... 1961 Washington— Elmer A. Stone Boonsboro ... 1956 David R. Brewer Clear Spring. 1957 John M. Baer Hagerstown . 1958 Harriette B. Lindsey Hagerstown.. 1959 Phil I. Harr .Hagerstown . 1960 Herbert L. Stockslager ... Hagerstown . 1961 Wicomico— Amos W. W. Woodcock.. Salisbury 1957 J. Frank Pusey Delmar 1957 William A. Bounds Mardela Springs 1959 Robert W. Sterling Salisbury 1959 Edna Morris Hayman Salisbury 1961 Worcester— Elton W. Parsons Berlin 1957 Willard P. Evans, Jr Pocomoke City .1959 Elizabeth Walker Brown. Snow Hill 1961

SUPERINTENDENTS OF SCHOOLS Appointed by the County Board of Education with the approval of the State Superintendent of Schools. Allegany Ralph R. Webster Cumberland Anne Arundel .. David S. Jenkins Annapolis Baltimore Edward G. Stapleton. Towson Calvert Maurice A. Dunkle... Prince Frederick Caroline ,W. Stewart Fitzgerald. Denton Carroll .Samuel M. Jenness Westminster Cecil .Morris W. Rannels ... Elkton Charles T. Carlyle Martin La Plata Dorchester James G. Busick Cambridge Frederick Eugene W. Pruitt Frederick Garrett .Willard L. Hawkins.... Oakland Harford .Charles W. Willis Bel Air Howard John E. Yingling Ellicott City Kent Reade W. Corr Chestertown Montgomery .... Forbes H. Norris Rockville Prince George’s .William S. Schmidt.... Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s ... Harry C. Rhodes Centreville St. Mary’s .Lettie M. Dent Leonardtown Somerset ,C. Allen Carlson Princess Anne MARYLAND MANUAL 251

~~Talbot J. Willard Davis Easton Washington. William M. Brish Hagerstown Wicomico . . James M. Bennett Salisbury Worcester.... .Paul D. Cooper Snow Hill~~

WELFARE BOARDS Members of the Welfare Boards are appointed by the Boards of County Commissioners, from lists approved by the State Board of Public Welfare, for terms of six years. Allegany— Elinor M. Westerfeld, Director Cumberland William R. Carscaden, Chairman Cumberland 1958 William H. Lemmert, Co. Commissioner Frostburg 1955 J. William Hunt Cumberland 1960 Lynn C. Lashley Cumberland 1960 Earl C. Robertson Cumberland 1958 Mrs. Gordon L. Bowie Cumberland 1956 Mrs. Nelson Keyes Lonaconing 1956 Anne Arundel— Esther Holahan, Director Annapolis _ Thomas Brayshaw, Chairman Glen Burnie 1956 George E. Frank, County Commissioner Annapolis 1955 Albert F. Riddick Round Bay 1960 Mrs. Ina L. Rossee Seyerna Park 1960 Addison Owens Bristol. 1958 James Vansant, Jr Annapolis 1958 Orlando Ridout, III Annapolis 1956 Baltimore— Grace Cockey, Director Towpon Harry W. Schwarz, Chairman Baltimore 1956 Robert B. Hamill, County Commissioner Catonsville 1955 John T. Farrell Arbutus 1960 Alfred L. Mathias Upperco 1960 Henry Betz Baltimore 1958 Mrs. William D. Tipton Stoneleigh 1958 T. Howard Price Phoenix 1956 Calvert— Elinor J. Marquess, Director Prince Frederick Mrs. Herbert Swann, Chairman Owings .1956 Samuel Owings, IV, County Commissioner ... North Beach 1955 Mrs. W. Emmit Beach Island Creek .1960 Ashcom Gourley Barstow 1960 Mrs. Arthur King Owings .1958 Julius Parran Lusby 1958 Vacancy 1956 Caroline— Beulah L. Carter, Director Denton Ormond L. Andrew, Chairman Denton 1956 John S. Legates, County Commissioner Preston 1955 Noble Jarrell, Jr Goldsboro 1960 J. Lester Christopher Preston I960 William B. Collier Henderson 1958 Rev. J. Francis McDonough Ridgely 1958 David Sloan Federalsburg 1956 252 MARYLAND MANUAL

Carroll— William H. Koelber, Director Westminster Edward 0. Weant, Chairman Westminster 1960 John D. Young, County Commissioner Westminster 1956 Margaret Englar New Windsor 1960 Murray M. Baumgardner Taneytown 1958 Dr. M. C. Porterfield Hampstead 1958 Carroll L. Crawford Westminster .1956 Mrs. Harvey M. Houck Sykesville .1956 Cecil— Elsie R. Coles, Director Elkton Ernest E. Kay, Chairman Elk Mills 1958 Ira A. Moore, County Commissioner Elkton .1955 Arthur J. Lockerman near Warwick 1960 Mrs. N. R. Touchton Zion 1960 Harry P. Patterson Elkton .1958 Charles Ritchie Rising Sun 1956 Joseph R. Grant North East 1956 Charles— Elizabeth C. Rapp, Director La Plata William P. Jameson, Chairman Indian Head 1956 William E. Berry, County Commissioner Waldorf 1955 Carroll Clements Wicomico 1960 William A. Cooksey Spring Hill 1960 Mary Harrison Grayton .1958 Rita Wheatley Newport 1958 Rev. Marc A. Nocerino La Plata 1956 Dorchester— James Hampton, Director Cambridge Dr. J. Walter Hastings, Sr., Chairman Cambridge 1960 Ralph O. Wheatley, County Commissioner.. .East New Market. 1955 Donald Richardson Church Creek 1960 Melvin L. Milligan Hurlock 1958 Hobart Ruark Fishing Creek 1958 H. Cleland Brooks Cambridge 1956 Guy Phillips Vienna 1956 Frederick— Geneva V. Barthel, Director Frederick Rev. W. Merval Weaver, Chairman Frederick 1956 Delbert S. Null, County Commissioner Frederick 1955 Joseph D. Baker, II Frederick 1960 Mrs. W. Cash Smith Woodsboro 1960 Rev. Ralph Miller Brunswick 1958 Dr. James B. Thomas Frederick 1958 Mrs. Charles E. Hicks, III Frederick 1956 Garrett— Robert W. Stemple, Director Oakland Mrs. Lewis R. Jones, Chairman Oakland 1956 Aubrey C. Brenneman, County Commissioner Hoyes .1955 Rev. John Atwell Oakland 1960 Mrs. David Hardesty Oakland .1960 Ruth Selby Friendsville 1958 Guy S. Stanton Grantsville .1958 Dorsey Guard Friendsville .1956 Harford—• Henrietta F. Mace, Director Bel Air Hattie T. Timberlake, Chairman Magnolia 1958 MARYLAND MANUAL 253

Burdell Preston, County Commissioner Carsins Run 1955 Stephen H. Anderson Joppa 1960 William Terrell Street 1960 Clayton R. Robinson Street 1958 Mrs. William E. Gallion Havre de Grace.. 1956 E. Pershing Volkart Aberdeen 1956 Howard— Elisabeth Marshall, Director Ellicott City Mrs. Edward E. Kennedy, Chairman Laurel 1956 Howard W. Clark, County Commissioner Glenelg 1955 Mrs. J. Frank Curtis Ellicott City 1960 Ralph Parlett Ellicott City 1960 Mrs. Ian C. McCallum Ellicott City 1958 Stanley E. Sullivan Glenelg 1958 Rev. Charles A. Michael Mt. Airy 1956 Kent— Mary H. Davis, Director Chestertown Dr. J. A. Jacqueth, Chairman Betterton 1960 Percy M. Hepbron, County Commissioner ... Rock Hall .1955 E. Kennard Jones Still Pond .1960 C. S. Church Millington .1958 Rebecca Davis Chestertown .1958 Clara Krebs Still Pond 1956 James Coleman Rock Hall .1956 Montgomery—■ William E. Royer, Director Rockville G. Gregg Everngam, Chairman Silver Spring 1956 Wilbur Baughman, County Council Silver Spring 1955 Mrs. Walter A. Smith, Jr Bethesda 1960 Mrs. Lawrence Vaughan Bethesda .1960 Ward Fetrow Germantown .1958 Richard W. Janney Brookeville .1958 Mrs. Novella Monk Rockville .1956 Prince George’s— Virginia Fontaine, Director Hyattsville Harry T. Jenkins, Chairman Washington .1956 Frank J. Lastner, County Commissioner Greenbelt .1955 Rev. Curtis W. Draper Upper Marlboro .1960 Mrs. John H. Hopkins Laurel .1960 Mrs. Charles O. Appleman College Park .1958 Melvin D. Rees Hyattsville .1958 Vacancy 1956 Queen Anne’s— Mary H. Davis, Director Centreville Wendall Shawn, Chairman Stevensville 1956 Grayson Chance, County Commissioner Queenstown 1955 Howard Stant Price 1960 Elmer Whitby Queenstown 1960 Mildred Atkinson Sudlersville .1958 J. West Thompson, Sr Centreville .1958 William H. Cook Centreville 1956 St. Mary’s— Elizabeth C. Rapp, Director Leonardtown Mrs. E. F. Koegel, Chairman California .1958 C. Byron Guy, County Commissioner Clements .1955 Rev. James J. Greene St. Mary’s City. .1960 254 MARYLAND MANUAL

W. H. Mattingly, Jr Abell 1960 William R. Chesley Mechanicsville.. 1958 Roger H. Dean Hollywood 1956 Zach Fowler Chaptico 1956 Somerset— Elizabeth W. Hall, Director Princess Anne Robert L. Chamberlin, Sr., Chairman Kingston .1958 R. Charles Long, County Commissioner Princess Anne... .1955 Hopkins Fisher Princess Anne .. 1960 Myrtle Todd Princess Anne.. 1960 Homer Ringgold Deal Island 1958 Alan P. Long Pocomoke City. 1956 Bernice H. Reed Crisfield 1956 Talbot— Dorothy S. Jump, Director Easton James E. Warner, Chairman Sherwood 1956 H. T. Slaughter, County Commissioner Easton 1955 William P. Anderson Oxford 1960 Emory W. Slaughter Easton 1960 Charles B. Adams Trappe 1958 Wilson Harrison St. Michaels 1958 George Marked Cordova 1956 Washington— Francis J. Connolly, Director Hagerstown Dr. P. L. Russell, Chairman Hagerstown 1956 Harry C. Snook, County Commissioner Hagerstown .1955 Charles Grice Hagerstown 1960 Ruth Hawken Williamsport.... 1960 Rev. J. E. Kemp Horn Hagerstown .1958 Charles M. Rouzer Hagerstown .1958 Roy A. Lum Mapleville 1956 Wicomico—- M. Beatrice Pryor, Director Salisbury Herman E. Perdue, Chairman Salisbury .1958 Paul M. Widdowson, County Commissioner ...Mardela .1955 Benjamin Quillin Salisbury 1960 Mrs. Charles Vickers Jesterville .1960 Gorman Rayne Pittsville .1958 Mrs. John M. Elderdice Salisbury .1956 H. Milton Hearne Hebron 1956 Worcester— Dorothy H. Ogburn, Director Snow Hill R. Harlan Robertson, Chairman Pocomoke City .1958 Joseph G. Harrison, County Commissioner Berlin .1955 Dr. R. A. Grubb Berlin 1960 J. William McCabe Berlin 1960 Gustav C. Zucco Pocomoke City .1958 Ralph S. Brown Snow Hill 1956 N. Paul Joyner Snow Hill 1956 HEALTH OFFICERS Appointed by the County Commissioners with the approval of the State Board of Health Allegany W. R. Frantz, M.D Cumberland Anne Arundel J. Howard Beard, M.D., M.P.H Annapolis Baltimore W. H. F. Warthen, M.D., M.P.H Towson MARYLAND MANUAL 255

Calvert J. Howard Beal-d, M.D., M.P.H., Acting Prince Frederick Caroline Edwin G. Riley, M.D., M.P.H Denton Carroll G. S. Schochet, M.D., M.P.H Westminster Cecil J. M. Byers, M.D., M.P.H Elkton Charles .Ton van Strien, M.D., M.P.H La Plata Dorchester Cambridge Frederick Forbes H. Burgess, M.D Frederick Garrett Arthur F. Jones, M.D Oakland Harford .Neil Gordon, M.D Bel Air Howard ,T. R. Shrop, M.D., M.P.H Ellicott City Kent A. F. Whitsitt, M.D., M.P.H Chestertown Montgomery William J. Peeples, M.D., M.P.H Rockville Prince George’s T. S. Englar, M.D., M.P.H Hyattsville Queen Anne’s ... Caroline H. Callison, M.D., M.P.H., Centreville St. Mary’s A. H. Houser, M.D., M.P.H Leonardtown Somerset R. H. Johnson, M.D Princess Anne Talbot Louis S. Welty, M.D., M.P.H Easton Washington W. Ross Cameron, M.D., M.P.H. Hagerstown Wicomico ,S. H. Hurdle, M.D., M.P.H Salisbury Worcester F. S. Waesche, M.D., M.P.H Pocomoke City DEPUTY MEDICAL EXAMINERS Appointed by the Commission of Postmortem Examiners for an indefinite term. Allegany H. V. Doming, M.D Cumberland Anne Arundel .Elmer Linhardt, M.D Eastport Gustave H. Faubert, M.D Glen Burnie Baltimore George S. M. Kieffer, M.D Arbutus Rollin C. Hudson, M.D Towson D. D. Caples, M.D Reisterstown M. B. Davis, M.D Dundalk Calvert Hugh W. Ward, M.D Owings Caroline .Dawson 0. George, M.D Denton Carroll James T. Marsh, M.D Westminster Cecil .Richard C. Dodson, M.D Rising Sun Charles .Edward J. Edelen, M.D La Plata Dorchester .John Mace, Jr., M.D. Cambridge Frederick Robert J. Furie, M.D Frederick Garrett E. I. Baumgartner, M.D Oakland Harford .Gerald C. Palmer, M.D Bel Air Howard George E. Burgtorf, M.D Ellicott City Kent Robert W. Farr, M.D Chestertown Montgomery F. J. Broschart, M.D Gaithersburg Prince George’s .James I. Boyd, M.D Washington John T. Maloney, M.D Cheverly Queen Anne’s.... Wm. H. Fisher, M.D Centreville St. Mary’s .Julian S. Lane, M.D Leonardtown Somerset William H. Coulbourn, M.D Crisfield R. T. Johnson, M.D Princess Anne Talbot .Louis S. Welty, M.D Easton Washington S. R. Wells, M.D Hagerstown Wicomico .Earl Royer, M.D Salisbury Worcester ..N. E. Sartorius, Sr., M.D Pocomoke City DIRECTORS OF CIVIL DEFENSE Appointed by the Governor for an indefinite term. Allegany William G. Barger Cumberland 256 MARYLAND MANUAL

Anne Arundel .Col. Theodore F. Watts (U.S.A. Ret.) Annapolis Col. John Lansdale iU.S.A. Ret.) (alternate) Baltimore. William P. Bolton Towson Col. Alfred M. Fort (U.S.A. Ret.) (alternate) Calvert Henry Poehler Prince Frederick Caroline John S. Legates Denton Carroll W. Warfield Babylon Westminster Capt. John Magin (alternate) Cecil .John .1. Ward Elkton Edward D. E. Rollins (alternate) Charles .Mary Ida Walker La Plata Thomas J. Jameson (alternate) Dorchester .A. LeRoy Willey Cambridge Frederick .J. Roger Fisher Frederick Garrett .Fred Tichnell Oakland Harford Paul H. Seward Bel Air Howard Benjamin Mellor, Jr Ellicott City Herbert C. Brown (alternate) Kent .Lt. Col. Harry S. Russell Chestertown Montgomery .Melvin L. Reese Rockville Admiral Glenn Hartwig (alternate) Prince George’s .Percy E. Clark Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s. .. Leonard A. Renshaw Centreville Somerset Stanley Connor Marion Station St. Mary’s M. Chapman Thompson, Jr Leonardtown Roland B. Duke (alternate) Talbot Richmond W. Hill Easton Washington Charles L. Mobley Hagerstown John Pullman (alternate) Wicomico .John L. Morris Salisbury Philip C. Cooper (alternate) Worcester Elizabeth M. Warner Snow Hill

BOARDS OF LICENSE COMMISSIONERS Appointed by the Governor with the consent of the Senate for terms of two years in Anne Arundel, Calvert, Frederick, Prince George’s, and St. Mary’s1 counties; in Allegany, Talbot and Washington counties the term is six years. In Baltimore, Charles and Queen Anne’s counties the boards are appointed by the Board of County Commissioners for one, three and four years respectively. In Montgomery County, the Board is appointed by the County Council for a term of six years. In the counties of Caroline, Carroll, Cecil, Dorchester, Garrett, Howard and Kent the Board of County Commissioners constitute ex-officio a Board of License Commissioners. In Harford County, the Liquor Control Board serves ex-officio as license commissioners. In Somerset County, the State Appeal Board acts as a Board of License Commissioners. Allegany—- Stanley O. Hamilton, Chairman Cumberland 1959 Walter C. Capper Cumberland 1957 Howard Vandergrift Cumberland 1961 1 Chapter 48, Acts of 1955 provides that the Board of County Commis- sioners of St. Mary’s County shall ex-officio constitute a Board of License Commissioners. However, this law has been made subject to a referendum at the General Election of 1956 and the present law remains in effect. MARYLAND MANUAL 257 Anne Arundel2— Albert F. Clauss, Chairman Glen Burnie 1957 Henry King Annapolis 1957 Harold L. Volt Glen Burnie 1957 Baltimore— James Barry, Chairman .Sparrows Point 1956 Dorothy M. Boone Pikesville 1956 Vincent O’Malley Ellicott City 1956 Calvert— Owen H. Jones Plum Point 1957 John W. Leitch .Huntingtown 1957 Howard J. Pardoe .Lusby 1957 Charles— T. Ford Cooksey, Chairman La Plata 1957 B. Frank Sims .La Plata 1955 Noel B. Dodson La Plata 1956 Frederick— Gail L. Cutshall, Commissioner Woodsboro 1957 Montgomery— Donald K. Staley .Silver Spring 1959 John C. Reid Bethesda 1957 Donald A. DeLashmutt .Rockville 1955 Prince George’s— E. Brooke Kerby Washington 21, D. C. 1957 Ruth M. Sevan .Hyattsville 1957 Joseph V. Wyville, Jr. Forestville 1957 Queen Anne’s— J. Fred Carter, Chairman .Stevensville 1957 William M. Freestate Centreville 1957 Philemon H. Thompson .Centre ville 1957 St. Mary’s— Benedict C. Love, Sr Morganza 1957 Frank Himelfarb Lexington Park 1959 John M. Wible Leonardtown 1961 Talbot— Harry D. Slaughter Cordova 1961 Alfred Knaack Cordova 1959 Philip H. Hope .St. Michaels 1957 Washington— John E. Corderman Hagerstown 1957 Francis H. Urner Hagerstown 1957 Allen F. Heller Hancock 1957

LIQUOR CONTROL BOARDS Appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate for a term of two years in Wicomico County, four years in Dorchester County, and ten years in Worcester County. Appointed by the Governor for a term of four years in Somerset County. In Harford County the board is appointed by the County Commissioners for a term of three years. In 2 In the city of Annapolis, the Mayor and Aldermen act ex-officio as the Board of License Commissioners for the city. 258 MARYLAND MANUAL

Kent County, the Board of County Commissioners are ex-officio the Liquor Control Board, In Montgomery County, the agency is known as the Department of Liquor Control. Dorchester— Baldwin W. Foxwell Lakeville 1955 Charles W. Mowbray, Jr Cambridge 1956 James P. Swing Cambridge 1958 Harford— Littleton S. Green Bel Air 1955 E. J. Cox Whitehead 1956 James J. McGuigan Bel Air .1957 Somerset— Carlton M. Dize Crisfield .1959 Vacancy 1959 Allen F. Mathews Kingston 1959 Wicomico— Robert D. Grier, Jr Salisbury 1957 H. Wendell Henry Salisbury 1957 J. Harold Bounds Salisbury .1957 Worcester— Lynwood W. Duncan Pocomoke City. 1965 William H. Scott Ocean City.. 1965 John S. Whaley Snow Hill 1965

BOARDS OF LIBRARY TRUSTEES Appointed by the Governor for terms of seven years. Baltimore— G. Clyde Andrew Riderwood 1955 James E. Cody Middle River 1961 Mrs. D. Lloyd Stoker Pikesville 1959 Walter S. LeCompte Arbutus 1960 Mrs. G. William Sattler Hereford .1958 Giles Sydnor Dundalk .1957 Irwin P. Trail Liberty Road (7) 1956 Cecil— Mrs. C. I. Benson Perryville 1961 Warren B. Eib North East 1956 Mrs. Daniel Fraser Rising Sun 1960 Mrs. Walter Miller Elkton 1958 Mrs. Norman H. Anderson Rising Sun 1962 John M. Smith North East 1959 Mrs. Henry A. Warburton, Jr Elkton .1957 Charles— Lucille Bowie La Plata 1957 P. D. Brown La Plata 1956 Col. Robert A. Case Cobb Island 1958 Georgia C. Lucas Accokeek 1960 Mrs. Robert M. Harrison Waldorf 1962 Raymond Marsh La Plata 1961 Mrs. Elmer M. Quade Hughesville 1959 Garrett— B. 0. Aiken Accident 1955 Goldie B. Bittle Oakland 1956 MARYLAND MANUAL 259 Mildred Beachey .Grantsville 1958 Olonzo P. Fike .Accident 1960 Mrs. Louis R. Jones .Oakland 1959 Lowell Loomis .Friendsville 1957 Caroline W. Wilson Kitzmiller 1961 Harford— Julia Sprigg Cameron .Fallston 1960 Estella Everett .Emmorton 1958 T. Milton Carroll Havre de Grace 1961 Mrs. Samuel Mason, Jr. ... Darlington 1957 Mrs. John Mitchell .Aberdeen 1956 Talbott J. Albert .Fallston 1962 Milton C. Wright .Bel Air 1959 Howard— Mrs. R. Neville Arrington. West Friendship 1960 Milton W. Baxley Simpsonville 1956 Mrs. Norman Betts .Ellicott City 1958 Mrs. Thomas T. Gwin .Ellicott City 1955 Samuel L. Pfefferkorn .Ellicott City 1961 William W. Pindell .Glenwood 1959 Mrs. Eugene Smith .Elkridge 1957 Prince George’s— Isabelle McGouvan .Hyattsville 1958 Hillel Spitz .Oxon Hill 1962 Doswell E. Brooks .Fairmount Heights 1961 Mrs. Lewis P. Ditman .Berwyn 1957 J. Dewey Long .College Park 1956 Grace Y. Gosnell... .Laurel 1959 George R. Hammond .Upper Marlboro 1960 St. Mary’s— L. L. Cobb St. Mary’s City 1962 Julia L. Cuniberti .California 1956 Mrs. William R. Chesley... .Charlotte Hall 1957 Lettie Marshall Dent .Leonardtown 1960 Col. Sheridan Fahnstock... .Clements 1959 William M. Loker, Jr .Leonardtown 1958 John E. Robert, Jr. Lexington Park 1961

COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AGENTS Appointed by the State Board of Agriculture for an indefinite term. Allegany .Joseph M. Steger Cumberland Anne Arundel .. J. H. Mills Annapolis Baltimore .Horace B. Derrick Towson Calvert .Robert M. Hall Prince Frederick Caroline .Francis M. Rogers Denton Carroll .Landon C. Burns Westminster Cecil .Raymond G. Mueller. Elkton Charles Paul D. Brown La Plata Dorchester .Harry W. Beggs Cambridge Frederick Henry R. Shoemaker Frederick Garrett John H. Carter Oakland Harford ,H. M. Carroll Bel Air Howard Warren G. Myers Ellicott City Kent .James D. McVean Chestertown Montgomery Delbert T. Foster Rockville Prince George’s P. E. Clark .Upper Marlboro 260 MARYLAND MANUAL

Queen Anne’s B. Wayne Kelly Centreville St. Mary’s J. Julius Johnson Leonardtown Somerset C. Z. Keller Princes Anne Talbot Roscoe Brown, Jr Easton Washington Mark K. Miller Hagerstown Wicomico Vacancy Salisbury Worcester Robert T. Grant Snow Hill

ASSISTANT COUNTY AGENTS Appointed by the State Board of Agriculture for an indefinite term. Allegany James A. Weamert Cumberland Anne Arundel George Runge, Jr Annapolis Baltimore William M. Buckel Towson David D. Eigenbrode Calvert W. B. Vanderford Prince Frederick Carroll William Allenberg Westminster Richard L. Clem Cecil Allen B. Bryant Elkton Charles William E. Garvey, Jr.. La Plata Dorchester William M. Nixon Cambridge Frederick R. D. Cassell Frederick Robert E. Stansfield, Jr. Garrett .J. A. McHenry Oakland Harford George D. Wood Bel Air Herbert K. Nicholson Howard James Albright Ellicott City Kent S. B. Sutton Chestertown Montgomery .Roscoe Whipp Rockville Robert Z. Spry Prince George’s .Harry A. Menser .Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s Roy D. Porter Centreville St. Mary’s John J. Lancaster, Jr Leonardtown Talbot .James W. Goodman Easton Washington .Herbert W. Fuller Hagerstown Richard C. Schukraft Wicomico R. G. Miller Salisbury Southern Maryland .Claude G. McKee Upper Marlboro

COUNTY HOME DEMONSTRATION AGENTS Appointed by the State Board of Agriculture for an indefinite term. Allegany Mary Wise Cumberland Anne Arundel .. Miriam F. Parmenter Annapolis Baltimore Margaret White Towson Calvert Florence E. Buchanan. Prince Frederick Caroline Gertrude Gronbech Denton Carroll Esther Gillette Westminster Cecil .Helen I. Smith Elkton Charles Anna S. Wills La Plata Dorchester Hattie E. Brooks Cambridge Frederick .Beatrice Fehr Frederick Garrett Ethel Grove Oakland Harford Jean A. Ross Bel Air Howard June Robertson Ellicott City Kent Jane C. Boyd Chestertown Montgomery .... Catherine Rhoads .... Rockville Prince George’s. .Ethel Regan .Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s.... .Ruby Brant Centreville MARYLAND MANUAL 261

St. Mary’s.. Ethel Joy ..Leonardtown Somerset Regina M. Fuller Princess Anne Talbot Margaret Smith Easton Washington Ardath Stouffer ... Hagerstown Wicomico... .Nell G. Grim Salisbury Worcester... .Jane M. Cole Snow Hill

ASSISTANT COUNTY HOME DEMONSTRATION AGENTS Appointed by the State Board of Agriculture for an indefinite term. Allegany Justine Miller Cumberland Anne Arundel Patricia Fitzgerald Annapolis Baltimore .Imogene Romino Towson Martha Jean Thomas Towson Carroll .Elizabeth Langsdale Westminster Cecil .Bessie B. Myers Elkton Dorchester Charlotte Mitchell Cambridge Frederick Betsy Lovington Frederick Harford .Virginia S. Martin Bel Air Howard Martha Roberts MacDonald EllicottCity Montgomery .Irma Bell Rockville Elizabeth Skeats Rockville Prince George’s .Ella Fazzalari Upper Marlboro Talbot Nancy Lee Joseph Easton Washington Joan Gibson Hagerstown Wicomico .Vacancy Salisbury LOCAL HOME DEMONSTRATION AGENTS (Colored) Appointed by the State Board of Agriculture for an indefinite term. District Agent Ezelle M. Hawkins College Park Charles Naomi Turner La Plata Caroline Ruth J. Truxon Denton Montgomery Verna Motley Rockville Prince George’s Hattie Holmes Upper Marlboro St. Mary’s Evelyn Ashley Lexington Park Somerset Omega Jones Princess Anne Wicomico, Dorchester ....Catherine E. Johnson Salisbury LOCAL AGENTS (Colored) Appointed by the State Board of Agriculture for an indefinite term. District Agent M. G. Bailey College Park Anne Arundel, Calvert . J. E. Bullock Annapolis Charles Milboume Hull Indian Head Montgomery 0. L. Privette Rockville Prince George’s J. R. Taylor Upper Marlboro Somerset Gaston C. Finney Princess Anne St. Mary’s Ryland L. Holmes Lexington Park Dorchester, Wicomico ... Garnie A. Poison Salisbury SOIL CONSERVATION DISTRICT SUPERVISORS Allegany Ernest R. Slider, Chairman Oldtown Wilbert Paul,t Vice Chairman Mt. Savage C. S. Harvey,! Treasurer Frostburg Floyd Buser Oldtown Dale Mann Little Orleans Joseph M. Steger,* Secretary Cumberland 262 MARYLAND MANUAL

Anne Arundel .Raymond Armstrong,f Chairman Lothian Benjamin A. Winter, Jr. Davidsonville L. Widerman Shepherd Harwood Samuel D. Fosterf Arnold Oscar F. Grimes, Sr. Davidsonville J. H. Mills,* Secretary Annapolis Baltimore. .Fred Wilson, Chairman Reisterstown Vernon R. Foster, Treasurer Parkton Charles L. Huffardf Sparks John Gontrumf Glen Arm Leoinel K. Ensor Sparks Horace B. Derrick,* Secretary Towson Calvert. .Calvert W. Norfolk,f Chairman Owings Benjamin A. Sunderlandf Owings John W. Hall, Treasurer Lusby Wilfred Cox Huntingtown Y. D. Hance Adelina Robert M. Hall,* Secretary Prince Frederick Caroline .Harry H. Rieck.f Chairman Preston W. S. Carroll Ridgely Harold K. Shultst Marydel Christian Nagel Federalsburg William Engerman, Treasurer Denton Francis M. Rogers,* Secretary Denton Carroll .Horace S. Brauning, Sr.,f Chairman. Finksburg Raymond P. Buchanan,f Treasurer ...Hampstead Randall Spoerlein New Windsor Solomon Hoke Westminster J. Harry Roller Sykesville Landon C. Burns,* Secretary Westminster Catoctin. .Charles H. Remsberg, Chairman Middletown Wolford W. Wolfe, Vice Chairman Myersville Maurice S. Ahalt, Treasurer Middletown J. Ridgley Flookf Knoxville H. D. Lakinf Jefferson Henry R. Shoemaker,* Secretary Frederick Cecil .Herman H. Mitchell,f Chairman Middletown Samuel W. Caldwell, Vice Chairman, Chesapeake City Frank D. Brown, Jr.,f Treasurer Port Deposit Robert Baker Elkton Ellis Ayers Rising Sun Raymond G. Mueller,* Secretary Elkton Charles .W. Mitchell Digges, Chairman La Plata Ralph Boyden,| Vice Chairman Bel Alton H. Jewett Orth, Treasurer Mt. Victoria Karl Smith Waldorf Robert P. Bowling, Jr.,t Charlotte Hall Paul D. Brown,* Secretary La Plata Dorchester. .Alfonso H. Dean, Chairman Hurlock J. Dorsey Johnson, f Treasurer Cambridge Guy R. Phillips Vienna Milton M. Malkusf Cambridge * County Agricultural Agent—not a member of the Board of Supervisors, t Appointed by State Soil Conservation Committee for three year terms—others elected by farmers of District. MARYLAND MANUAL 263 John W. Mowbray Cambridge Harry W. Beggs,* Secretary Cambridge Frederick. .Walter E. Burall.f Chairman New Market Elmer Hodgesf Frederick Harry A. Zentz Thurmont Murray 0. Day Mt. Airy E. Earl Remsberg, Secretary Buckeystown Henry R. Shoemaker* Frederick Garrett. .Foster Yost,| Chairman Accident Dorsey Guard Addison, Pa. Arthur Fitzwater Swanton Lenwood F. Bittingerf Mt. Lake Park Clark Schlossnagle Friendsville John H. Carter,* Secretary Oakland Harford. .Worley N. Umbarger, Chairman Aberdeen Joseph Y. Umbarger, Vice Chairman Bel Air C. Russell Galbreath.f Treasurer Street W. V. St. Clair Jarrettsville Reginald H. Detamoref Baldwin H. M. Carroll,* Secretary Bel Air Howard. .Thurman R. Warfield, Sr., Chairman....Woodbine E. Walter Scott,f Vice Chairman Clarksville Philip Thompson Ellicott City William R. Powelf Ellicott City AlvaS. Baker, Jr Marriottsville Warren G. Myers,* Secretary Ellicott City Kent. .W. R. Newman, Chairman Massey W. T. Morris, Treasurer Chestertown James F. Hurtt, Sr Galena Charles H. Jacquette, Jr.| Rock Hall Edgar D. Lusbyf Kennedyville James D. McVean* Chestertown Montgomery James D. King.f Chairman Boyds George Lechlider, Vice Chairman Gaithersburg Thomas M. Garrett, Treasurer Rockville Lathrop Smithf Gaithersburg Raymond Kemp Gaithersburg Delbert T. Foster,* Secretary Rockville Prince George’s Carl A. Heider,t Chairman Hyattsville W. B. Burroughs Mitchellville Eugene Darcey Washington, D. C. Earl Heathcote Mitchellville Thomas E. Duleyf Croome P. E. Clark,* Secretary Upper Marlboro Queen Anne’s Howard J. Stant,f Chairman Price T. W. Denny,f Vice Chairman Stevensville Royden Powell Sr Centreville Oscar Schmidt, Jr Sudlersville B. Wayne Kelly,* Secretary Centreville St. Mary’s Robert A. Stevens, Chairman Hermanville J. Franklin Adams,f Vice Chairman, Mechanicsville William Gardiner, f Treasurer Mechanicsville * County Agricultural Agent—not a member of the Board of Supervisors, t Appointed by State Soil Conservation Committee for three year terms —others elected by farmers of District. 264 MARYLAND MANUAL F D. Hayden Great Mills H. George Thompson Great Mills J. J. Johnson,* Secretary Leonard town Somerset Guy W. Chelton.t Chairman Marion Station W. Clyde Ford, Jr.,t Treasurer Westover James A. Cottman Princess Anne Edward Boston Princess Anne DukeWeidma Pocomoke City C. Z. Keller,* Secretary Princess Anne Washington Jacob M. Ankeney, Chairman Clear Spring Amos E. Reeder, Vice Chairman Boonsboro E. Austin McKeer Hancock Mark K.t^' Miller,*McCauleyf Secretary Hagerstown Wicomico Roscoe Purnell,f Chairman Pittsville Paul M. Widdowson, Vice Chairman, Mardela Springs Jay French,! Treasurer Quantico Dean W. Richardson Willards Levin T. Cooper V 7 Eden Vacancy, Secretary Salisbury Worcester S. Otis Bortham.f Chairman. Snow Hill Sewell Cropper Berthi Sidney L. Cropper Newark Milton A. Payne* Pocomoke City Letcher L. Colona Pocomoke City Robert T. Grant,* Secretary Snow Hill

ADDITIONAL COUNTY OFFICERS In addition to the usual county officers some others are to be found where special needs have arisen. The officers listed below may be addressed at the County Seat of their respective counties except where otherwise noted. Allegany Road Supervisor: J. Walker Chapman Anne Arundel County Manager: Edward R. Lonergan Department of Public Works: Theodore Pantaleo, Director Board of Police Examiners: Leonard Parlett, Chairman; Edward R Lonergan, Gustave Faubert, M.D. Chief of Police: Wilber C. Wade Planning and Zoning Commission: Charles B. Lynch, Chairman Edward Heiselberg, Administrator Board of Zoning Appeals: Charles M. Lake, Chairman Board of Recreation: Mrs. D. Ellwood Williams, Jr., Chairman William Sapp, Director Board of Electrical Examiners and Supervisors: Anton W. Steiner, Rush Lacey Department of Probation: Joseph Botka, Director Plumbing Commission: J. Howard Beard, M.D., M.P.H ; Ermon O Dill * County Agricultural Agent—not a member of the Board of Supervisors, t Appointed by State Soil Conservation Committee for three year terms —others elected by farmers of District. MARYLAND MANUAL 265 Sanitary Commission (Glen Burnie) W. Calvin Gray, Chairman William G. Diller, Secretary-Treasurer Baltimore Buildings Engineer: Roland S. Piel Comptroller: Norman W. Wood Electrical Board: Louis Susemihl, Chairman Fire Department: Anthony P. Orban, Chief Fire Prevention Bureau: Louis Maisel, Chief Law Department: Carroll W. Royston, Solicitor Metropolitan District Commission: Charles B. Wheeler, Chief Engineer Personnel Department: John S. Biddison, Director Plumbing Board: Fred Voekel, Chairman Police Department: Hamilton R. Atkinson, Chief Public Relations Office: Skipworth Gordon, Director Department of Public Works: John B. Funk, Director Purchasing Department: Robert R. Gill, Director Recreation Department: Hubert I. Snyder, Director Revenue Authority: Robert G. Merrick, Chairman Rights-of-Way Department: Powers Grason, Chief Sanitation Department: John M. Horner, Chief Superintendent of Buildings: J. Fred Offut Trade Commission: Skipworth Borden, Commissioner Weights and Measures: Frank J. Vitteck, Inspector Zoning Department: Wilsie H. Adams, Commissioner Zoning Appeal Board: Charles H. Doing, Chairman Planning Commission: Alonzo G. Decker, Jr., Chairman Malcolm H. Dill, Director Calvert Board of Electrical Supervisors and Examiners: Boyd King, Daniel Rawlings, George W. Dorsey, Sr. Carroll Road Engineer: Paul J. Walsh Cecil Board of Electrical Inspections: Willard C. Burlin, Clayton Craig, Hubert R. Ryan Charles County Engineer: William A. Fowke Inspector of Weights and Measures: Ralph L. Simms Board of Electrical Examiners: William L. Gibbons, Thomas L. Higdon, W. H. Jones Dorchester Roads Engineer: Henry Wier Roads Department: John Truitt, Administrator Frederick County Engineer: Roger H. Willard County Roads Commission: Charles R. Fuess, C. 0. Routzahn, Harvey H. Wenesberg, Auston P. Renn, Clyde W. Smith and the Board of County Commis- sioners, ex-officio 266 MARYLAND MANUAL Harford Board of Electrical Examiners: G. Thomas Dick, Frank L. Hiser, F. Lamar Mergler Highways Engineer: Louis J. Waldenberger Chief of Police: Vaughan J. McMahan Planning and Zoning Commission: Robert E. Turner, Chairman George E. Grier, Secretary Howard Road Superintendent: Herman O’Neill Police Chief: Russell Moxley Fire Chief: Harry B. Shipley Buildmg Engineer: Louis Coates Planning and Zoning Commission: Wilmer Banner, Chairman Henri J. Raphael, Director Board of Zoning Appeals: Calvin T. Grier, Charles M. Scott, Thomas A. Sulkie Howard County Metropolitan Commission: Carl W. Meyer, Chairman Margaret L. Pue, Secretary-Treasurer Montgomery County Manager: Melvin L. Reese Personnel Assistant to the County Manager: John Gaquin Department of Public Works: Mason A. Butcher, Director Department of Inspections and Licenses: Ervin W. Bucklin, Director Department of Liquor Control: James F. Ervin, Director Department of Public Libraries: George B. Moreland, Director Department of Recreation: Forest V. Gustafson, Director Superintendent of Police: James S. McAuliffe Fire Marshal: Charles H. Howe Upper Montgomery County Planning Commission: Thomas C. Kelly, Chairman; Frederick Gutheim, Ulysses S. Griffith, Merton Duval County Board of Appeals: William A. Quinlan, Chairman Milton A. Smith, Vice Chairman Appeal Tax Court: Nathaniel J. Ely, R. Watts Farmer, Robert B. Redding Financial Advisory Committee: Charles Dearing, Chairman County Fire Board: Marbery F. Gates, President Juvenile Court Committee: Paul Richman, Chairman County Library Board: R. E. Iffert, Chairman Medical Care Advisory Committee: Stephen N. Jones, M.D., Chairman Commission for Medical Care: Henry Laughlin, M.D., Chairman County Personnel Board: Edith A. Dinwoody, Malcolm White, Louis A. Palmer Range Approval Committee: William C. Giddings, Chairman Recreation Board: Donald H. Hunt, Chairman Safety Board: W. L. Robinson, Chairman Commission for Youth: Robert Jones, Chairman Civil Defense Advisory Commission: General Lewis B. Hershey, Chairman County Committee on the Aging: Lawrence Tibbitts and Sally Wilkinson, Co-chairmen Prince George’s Department of Electrical Inspections: William F. McLean, Chief Inspector MARYLAND MANUAL 267

Department of Public Works: Arthur W. Tayman, Director Department of Personnel and Purchases: George S. Koonce, Director Recreation Board: Mrs. Clyde L. Everson, Chairman Ellen Linson, Director Board of Electrical Examiners and Supervisors: Harry S. Silfles, President; Russell M. Padgett, Jr., Frank Buguglio St. Mary’s Fire Marshall: Barnard I. Smith Planning Commission: T. Webster Bell, Chairman Tell W. Nicolet, Secretary and Technical Advisor Somerset Road Superintendent: Robert R. Jackson Talbot Planning Commission: B. C. Voshell, Temporary Chairman County Appeal Board: M. D. Steever, Chairman; James N. Bennett, Secretary; George D. Olds Washington Road Supervisor: Eugene E. Geary Board of Electrical Examiners and Supervisors: C. William Eaton, Sr., Vernon Miller, Vernon Stone Wicomico Planning and Zoning Commission: John W. Downing, Chairman Alfred T. Truitt, Secretary Recreation Commission: Elmer F. Ruark, Chairman Lome C. Rickert, Superintendent Water and Sewer Authority: Calvin H. Cropper, Chairman Worcester Inspector of Weights and Measures: William S. Evans 268 MARYLAND MANUAL

II. BALTIMORE CITY Note: When Baltimore City became a separate governmental entity, divorced from all county connections, it maintained the officers characteristic of Maryland county government at that time with the exception of those in the Executive branch who were called Mayor and Council rather than Board of County Commissioners. Since that time the expansion of the City has brought about a high degree of specialization in the executive and administrative agencies so that the present government of Baltimore, with the exception of the traditional county offices and functions, bears little re- semblance to the government of any of the counties. It has been thought advisable for the purpose of the Maryland Manual to list, first, the traditional county officers which have been carried over into the City government and second those which are characteristic only of the City. This distinction is, however, difficult to make in the cases of more recent functions of local government such as health, welfare and education and in these cases these agencies have been listed with the traditional county officers for the sake of convenience. ,

1. COUNTY OFFICES ^ State’s Attorney Anselm Sodaro / 1959 Clerk Superior Court M: Luthei rittnrarr 1958 Clerk Circuit Court Henry J. Ripperger 1958 Clerk Circuit Court No. 2 John S. Clarke 1958 Clerk Baltimore City Court John O. Rutherford 1958 Clerk Criminal Court Lawrence R. Mooney 1958 Clerk Court of Common Pleas Frank C. Robey 1958 Sheriff Joseph C. Deegan 1958 Register of Wills LeRoy C. Shaughnessy 1958 Judges of Orphans’ Court Dulaney Foster, Chief Judge 1958 Daniel Friedman 1958 Nellie Marie Marshall 1958 City Surveyor Edward J. Decker 1959 Board of Supervisors of Elections Charles A. Dorsey, Chairman 1957 George Cavanagh 1957 John Kohler 1957 Supervisor of Assessments Robert L. Mainen indefinite Director of Assessments John G. Arthur civil service Commissioner of Health Huntington Williams, M.D 1956 Chief Medical Examiner Russell S. Fisher, M.D indefinite Probation Officer Supreme Bench of Baltimore Charles F. Snyder indefinite Home Demonstration Agent Margaret O. Holloway indefintie Board of License Commissioners Frank J. Hanson, Chairman 1957 James A. Gary, Jr 1957 Irvin Kovens 1957 Department of Welfare Esther Lazarus, Director 1956 Welfare Advisory Commission Francis A. Davis, Chairman 1958 Harry Cohen 1956 Thomas B. Sprague 1956 Mrs. Roger S. B. Hartz 1958 Mrs. Albert Kuper 1958 Vivian Alleyne I960 G. C. A. Anderson I960 Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr ex-officio Huntington Williams, M.D., ex-officio MARYLAND MANUAL 269

Board of School Commissioners. .Walter Sondheim, Jr 1960 Bernard Harris 1956 Roger Howell 1956 John N. Curtlett 1958 H. Bentley Glass 1958 John R. Sherwood 1958 M. R. Samuel Jett 1960 Elizabeth Morrisy 1960 Mrs. W. J. Rysanek, Sr 1960 Superintendent of Instruction John H. Fischer indefinite

MAGISTRATES Appointed by the Governor for a term of two years. All terms expire May 1957. Baltimore City Traffic Court Stanley Scherr, Chief E. Everett Lane S. Robert Levinson Henry Miller Richard Paul Gilbert Stanley L. Richardson Police Magistrates Meyer M. Cardin, Chief, Central Howard L. Aaron Southeastern Samuel Gaboff Southern John A. Janetzke Eastern Linwood Koger Northwestern Henry Rogers Northern Simon Schonfield Northeastern Marshall Levin At Large, Housing Court Vernon Wiesand, At Large, Woman’s Court Richard Gilbert, At Large Substitute Police Magistrates Robert T. Watts W. Emerson Brown, Jr. Albert L. Kuhn George Watkins Henry Golditch Stanley Paul James F. Fanseen Adolph Rosner Theodore Dunn Sidney Epstein Charles G. Griffin

2. MUNICIPAL OFFICERS Mayor Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr 1959 Members of the City Council Leon Abramson, President 1959 Councilmanic District 1 William Bonnett 1959 James J. Duffy 1959 Joseph J. Staszak 1959 Councilmanic District 2 Chester J. Ray 1959 C. Lyman Schueler 1959 James J. Welsh, Jr 1959 270 MARYLAND MANUAL Councilmanic District 3 Anna M. Arthur 1959 Richard D. Byrd 1959 J. Joseph Curran 1959 _ „ . Henry R. Hergenroeder 1959 Councilmanic District 4 Maxwell Alpert 1959 Walter T. Dixon 1959 Solomon Liss 1959 Councilmanic District 5 Jacob J. Edelman 1959 Michael J. Hankin 1959 Leon A. Rubenstein 1959 William D. Schaefer 1959 Councilmanic District 6 Thomas P. Fallon 1959 William M. Hudnet 1959 . . „ Michael J. McHale 1959 Airport Board.. Walter F. Perkins, Chairman 1956 Airport Zoning Appeals Board Walter V. Harrison, Chairman....1956 Airport Zoning Board August Haneke, Chairman 1956 Arthitectural Commission Thomas D’Alesandro, Chairman, Art. , Commission„ . . Thomas_ D’Alesandro, Chairman,ex-officio ex-officio . Walter Beuchelt, Secretary indefinite Auditor...... Howard C. Beck civil service Director of Aviation Donald H. Connolly indefinite Baltimore Redevelopment Commission Clark S. Hobbs, Chairman 1959 Robert A. Larabee, Director, - tree Public• BathT, 1 Commission1—, . . Leonard Rosen, Chairmancivil service1959 Budget Director Herbert Fallin indefinite Central Payroll Bureau Elmer F. Bernhardt City Service Commission Groege F. Dollinger, Chairman .1959 City Solicitor Thomas N. Biddison 1959 Civic Center Authority Charles P. McCormick, Chairman, Director of Civil Defense Frank Milani indefinite Civil Defense Advisory Committee.. .William Purnell Hall, Chairman Comptroller.._ R. Walter Graham, Jr. 1959 Board of Estimates Leon Abramson, President, ex-officio Commissioners of Finance Albert D. Graham, President 1959 hire Commissioners William F. Hilgenberg, President, 1959 Gas Appliance Board C. A. Kooke, Chairman.. 1957 Commissioners of the Housing Authority G. Cheston Carey, Chairman 1958 Housing Bureau Franz Vidor, Chairman 1958 Housing Rent Commission John A. Dewicke, Chairman 1958 Jail Board Robert Bruce Livie, Chairman ...1957 Bureau of Kosher Meat and Food Control Rubin Gertz, Chairman 1957 Department of Legislative Reference . Carl N. Everstine, Director, indefinite Lexington Market Authority S. Page Nelson, Chairman ... . 1956 Board of Municipal and Zoning Appeals William C. Bloom, Chairman 1957 Off-Street Parking Commission William Ewald, Chairman 1960 Planning Commission Thomas J. Hubbard, Chairman 1961 Police Commissioner James M. Hepbron 1961 Port of Baltimore Commission John W. Rawley, Chairman 1955 Department of Public Works George A. Carter, Director.... 1959 Bureau of Building Construction R. E. L. Williams, Chief 1959 Bureau of Building Inspection Raughley L. Porter, Chief 1959 MARYLAND MANUAL 271 Bureau of Harbors Clarence R. Tull, Chief 1959 Bureau of Highways .James H. McKay, Chief 1959 Bureau of Mechanical— Electrical Service Rayner Straus, Chief 1959 Bureau of Sanitation William F. Fannon, Chief 1959 Bureau of Sewerage John J. Hunt, Chief 1959 Bureau of Surveys James C. Hunt, Chief 1959 Bureau of Tests .Conrad Zieget, Jr., Chief 1959 Bureau of Transportation Vacancy Bureau of Water Bernard L. Werner, Chief 1959 Board of Recreation and Parks .James C. Anderson, President . ..1959 Employees Retirement System. ,R. Walter Graham, Jr., Chairman, ex-officio Philip Wagner, Director indefinite Bureau of Smoke Control .John W. Peach, Chairman 1959 Traffic Director .Henry A. Barnes, Director . .indefinite Treasurer .John J. Ghinger 1959 Harbor Advisory Board J. Joseph Brune, Chairman Commission on Human Relations .William C. Rogers, Chairman . - Baltimore Museum of Art J. G. D’Arcy Paul, Chairman Adelyn D. Breeskin, Director Enoch Pratt Free Library .James A. Gary, Jr., Chairman,.,.. Amy Winslow, Director Municipal Museum .Alexander S. Cochran, President Wilbur Hunter, Director Walters Art Gallery .Philip B. Perlman, President Edward S. King, Director

~~Election Returns~~

~~General Election, November 2, 195^ 275~~

~~Primary Election, June 28, 1951f ... 289~~

~~General Election, November U, 1952 297~~

~~Primary Election, May 5, 1952. 302~~

~~MARYLAND MANUAL 275~~

~~GENERAL ELECTION RETURNS November 2, 1954~~

~~FOR GOVERNOR OF MARYLAND~~

~~Theodore R. McKeldin Harry Clifton Byrd Annapolis, Maryland College Park, Md.~~

~~Counties Byrd McKeldin~~

Allegany 12,930 14,092 Anne Arundel 15,722 16,925 Baltimore 42,053 57,124 Calvert 2,328 2,059 Caroline 3,258 2,831 Carroll 5,204 8,533 Cecil 4,824 4,802 Charles 3,411 3,839 Dorchester 4,864 3,994 Frederick 8,920 9,812 Garrett 2,728 3,908 Harford 5,379 7,830 Howard 4,144 4,219 Kent 2,734 2,898 Montgomery 28,237 33,850 Prince George’s 31,315 23,002 Queen Anne’s 3,173 2,321 St. Mary’s 4,437 2,564 Somerset 4,247 3,536 Talbot ... 3,287 4,087 Washington 12,171 11,880 Wicomico 5,330 6,160 Worcester 2,920 2,907 213,616 233,173 Baltimore City 1st District 18,979 8,148 2nd District 9,833 11,010 3rd District 31,516 46,015 4th District 8,235 23,290 5th District 19,116 47,373 6th District 17,738 12,442 105,417 148,278 TOTALS 319,033 381,451 276 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~ATTORNEY GENERAL—COMPTROLLER OP THE TREASURY~~

~~Attorney General Comptroller Democrat: C. Ferdinand Sybert J. Millard Tawes Ellicott City Crisfield~~

~~Republican: Edward D. E. Rollins Elkton~~

~~Attorney General Comptroller Rollins Sybert Tawes~~

Allegany 13,524 11,631 14,903 Anne Arundel 12,299 15,191 17,342 Baltimore 42,989 47,788 53,584 Calvert 1,684 2,362 2,593 Caroline 2,618 3,135 4,208 Carroll 7,177 5,667 8,501 Cecil 5,144 3,884 5,587 Charles 3,449 3,386 3,619 Dorchester 2,799 4,093 4,935 Frederick 9,044 8,805 12,658 Garrett 3,778 2,369 3,476 Harford 5,318 5,287 6,502 Howard 2,609 5,309 4,923 Kent 2,263 2,570 3,015 Montgomery 28,312 29,963 34,290 Prince George’s 18,966 30,061 31,820 Queen Anne’s 1,832 3,099 3,606 St. Mary’s 2,097 4,199 4,773 Somerset 3,105 3,333 4,809 Talbot 3,372 3,408 4,904 Washington. 10,962 11,092 13,069 Wicomico 4,679 4,579 6,172 Worcester 2,296 2,603 3,803

Baltimore City 1st District 5,501 17,346 18,172 2nd District 7,473 10,201 11,110 3rd District 34,443 35,283 40,608 4th District 13,863 10,766 12,414 5th District 29,342 26,921 32,557 6th District 9,036 16,082 17,686 99,658 116,599 132,547 TOTALS 289,974 330,413 385,639 MARYLAND MANUAL 277

MEMBERS OF THE EIGHTY-FOURTH CONGRESS First Congressional District Fifth Congressional District Democrat: Edward Turner Democrat: Richard E. Lankford Centreville Annapolis Republican: Edward T. Miller Republican: Frank Small, Jr. Easton Clinton Miller Turner Lankford Small Caroline 3,165 2,837 Anne Arundel... 15,874 13,918 Cecil 4,737 4,266 Calvert 2,092 2,139 Dorchester 3,863 3,765 Charles 3,185 3,938 Kent 2,780 2,430 Howard 4,115 3,468 Queen Anne’s.... 2,564 2,913 Prince George’s 28,982 24,902 Somerset 4,299 2,626 St. Mary’s 3,635 2,933 Talbot 4,945 2,362 Baltimore City 2,967 1,122 Wicomico 5,707 4,511 Pre. 12-19 of Worcester 3,161 2,474 Ward 25. Totals 35,221 28,184 Totals 60,850 52,420 Second Congressional District Democrat: William P. Bolton Sixth Congressional District Towson Democrat: Edward J. Ryan Republican: James P. Devereux Frostburg Stevenson Republican: DeWitt S. Hyde Bolton Devereux Bethesda Baltimore 41,918 53,161 Hyde Ryan Carroll 5,461 7,384 Allegany 11,708 14,986 Harford 5,161 6,634 Frederick 9,929 8,105 Garrett 3,761 2,743 Totals 52,540 67,179 Montgomery 32,195 29,087 Washington 12,065 10,839 Third Congressional District Democrat: Edward A. Garmatz Totals 69,658 65,760 Baltimore Republican: No Candidate Progressive: Milton Bates Seventh Congressional District Baltimore Democrat: Samuel N. Friedel Bates Garmatz Baltimore Baltimore City 1,334 45,531 Republican: Edward C. Dukehart Wards 1-8, 22-24; Baltimore Pre. 3-9 of Ward 26 Dukehart Friedel Pre. 1 of Ward 27. Baltimore City 41,027 49,221 Wards 15-16, 21, Totals 1,334 45,531 28; Pre. 1-11 of Ward 25. Pre. 26- Fourth Congressional District 31 of Ward 26. Democrat: George H. Fallon Pre. 2-19, 27-32, Baltimore 38-59 of Ward 27. Republican: Arthur W. Sherwood Baltimore Totals 41,027 49,221 Fallon Sherwood Baltimore City 40,029 29,921 Wards 9-14,17,19, 20; Pre. 1, 2 of Ward 18. Pre. 20- 26, 33-37 of Ward 27. Totals 40,029 29,921 278 MARYLAND MANUAL

JUDICIARY November 2, 1954 COURT OF APPEALS Second Appellate Circuit Hall Hammond Stevenson Anne Arundel 21,843 Baltimore 40,161 Calvert 1,950 Charles 2,137 Harford 3,684 Prince George’s 11,945 St. Mary’s 3,376 Total 85,096 CIRCUIT COURTS First Judicial Circuit E. McMaster Duer Rex A. Taylor Princess Anne Salisbury Duer Taylor Dorchester 6,331 6,308 Somerset 3,813 2,673 Wicomico 3,752 4,770 Worcester 3,226 2,924 Totals 17,122 16,675 Third Judicial Circuit Stewart Day D. Paul McNabb Bel Air Streett Day McNabb Baltimore 27,586 15,744 Harford 3,729 5,326 Totals 31,315 21,070 Sixth Judicial Circuit Stedman Prescott Rockville Frederick 10,620 Montgomery 33,144 Total 43,764

SUPREME BENCH OF BALTIMORE CITY Joseph L. Carter James K. Cullen Emory H. Niles Baltimore City Baltimore City Baltimore City Carter Cullen Niles 90,264 88,455 89,526 CHIEF JUDGE OF THE PEOPLE’S COURT OF BALTIMORE CITY For con. in off. A’st. con. in off. Allan W. Rhynhart 74,428 9,133 MARYLAND MANUAL 279

MEMBERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY Senate BALTIMORE CITY CHARLES COUNTY First Legislative District Walter W. Bowling, Sr. D.... 3,518 Walter Anuszewski R .... 4,892 James B. Monroe R.... 3,600 Joseph A. Bertorelli D .... 17,898 DORCHESTER COUNTY Frederick C. Malkus....D .... 5,796 Second Legislative District Meredith R. Hoffmaster R.. 6,451 Bessie D. Vane R .... 2,100 Anthony F. DiDomenico D 10,600 FREDERICK COUNTY Jacob R. Ramsburg R .... 9,425 Third Legislative District Edward D. Storm D .... 9,112 J. Marshall Boone R .... 32,556 Thomas F. Dempsey....D .... 33,821 GARRETT COUNTY Clifford Friend R .... 3,478 Fourth Legislative District Joseph Hinebaugh D .... 3,117 Harry A. Cole R .... 13,938 HARFORD COUNTY Bernard S. Melnicove .D .... 13,901 William S. James D.... 6,833 Calvin A. Douglass 1 361 Hall R. MacLean R .... 5,182 Fifth Legislative District HOWARD COUNTY Richard Paul Gilbert .,.R .... 23,123 Sherwood H. Balderson R ... 3,272 Philip H. Goodman D .... 31,979 Frank E. Shipley D .... 4,488 Sixth Legislative District KENT COUNTY W. Everett Smith R .... 8,527 Olin S. Davis R .... 2,050 George W. Della D .... 17,006 John R. Jewell D .... 3,333 MONTGOMERY COUNTY ALLEGANY COUNTY Anders R. Lofstrand ....R .... 29,255 Robert B. Kimble R .... 14,487 Edward S .Northrop....D .... 30,684 William L. Wilson D .... 12,073 PRINCE GEORGE’S COUNTY ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY John Raymond Fletcher R.. 21,289 C. Maurice Weidemeyer R.. 13,873 H. Winship Wheatley..D .... 30,568 Louis N. Phipps D .... 15,841 QUEEN ANNE’S COUNTY BALTIMORE COUNTY David Williamson R .... 2,030 William F. McDonald,.R .... 44,303 Robert P. Dean D .... 3,109 John Grason Turnbull..D .... 47,132 ST. MARY’S COUNTY Willard B. Long R.... 2,290 CALVERT COUNTY Joseph A. Mattingly....D .... 4,570 Louis L. Goldstein D .... 2,781 Edward T. Hall 4 SOMERSET COUNTY William E. Langford 1 Earl D. Butler D .... 2,612 John B. Morsell 1 Harry Thomas Phoebus R.. 4,749 William L. Weems 1 TALBOT COUNTY Percy G. Bowen, Jr 1 John N. Critchlow, Jr. R .... 3,360 CAROLINE COUNTY John-Clarence North....D .... 3,827 Charles V. Moore R.... 2,888 WASHINGTON COUNTY Layman J. Redden D .... 3,386 John S. Hollyday D .... 9,286 CARROLL COUNTY D. Kenneth McLaughlin R.. 13,796 Paul M. Beckwith D .... 5,075 WICOMICO COUNTY Stanford Hoff R .... 8,184 William E. Morgan R .... 4,839 Mary L. Nock 1.).... 6,281 CECIL COUNTY Fred B. Martenis R .... 3,484 WORCESTER COUNTY James Weinroth D .... 5,786 Ralph L. Mason D .... 3,930 280 MARYLAND MANUAL

MEMBERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY House of Delegates BALTIMORE CITY Fifth Legislative District First Legislative District Carl W. Bacharach D .... 26,655 Joseph Baldassare R . 3,927 Maurice Cardin D .... 27,945 Richard Cerniak R .. 4,440 Charlotte L. Cooper ...,R .... 24,099 Edward W. Dabrowski D 17,821 J. Patrick Fitzgerald.. .D .... 26,325 Stephen Jankiewicz R 5,106 Jacob D. Hornstein R .... 22,333 William Kane R 4,149 John C. Luber D .... 26,966 Edward R. Milanicz....D . 17,220 Marvin Mandel D .... 27,680 Benjamin A. Mrozinski D. 17,282 Lawrence A. Sapperstein R. 21,737 John J. Nowakowski....D .... 17,224 G. Neilson Sigler R .... 20,520 John A. Oldewurtel R .... 3,838 Edgar P. Silver D .... 26,468 Charles A. Prince R 4,017 M. Charlotte Thomas R ... 21,922 James J. Silk D 17,228 Carroll F. Tolson R .... 21,520 Elmer E. Walters D .... 16,473 Sixth Legislative District Second Legislative District Charles Ackerman R 6,026 Henry T. Baynes D .... 16,476 Rudyard K. Ball R 5,907 Joseph R. Boyd R .... 7,450 Edward J. Bartos D 9,711 James B. Butler R .... 7,907 Rudy Behounek D. 9,635 William P. Corrigan ....D .... 15,927 Donald Boyce R 5,996 William L. Hodges D .... 16,260 Frank Giles R . 5,812 Frederick L. Loose, Jr. D ... 15,889 Thomas H. Hedrick D 9,344 Wilson Wm. Meyers ... D .... 15,959 Joseph V. Mach D 9,460 William J. Myers D ... 16,205 Chester J. Ray D 9,362 Leonard L. Page R 7,104 Robert Richardson R 5,804 John A. Purkey R 7,109 Joseph A. Urban D 9,517 Elaine W. Roberts R . 7,631 J. Richard Wilkins R 5,628 Walter B. Spriggs R .... 6,918 Third Legislative District ALLEGANY COUNTY Joseph A. Acker I) 31,797 Edward W. Brooks D 32,156 Charles O. Buskirk D 10,349 J. R. Buffington, Jr D 31,982 Leslie J. Clark D 12,688 Samuel A. Culotta R .... 32,879 Noel Speir Cook R .... 15,227 H. Gordon Donnelly... D 31,504 Fred B. Driscoll R .... 15,415 James T. Gray R .... 31,143 George R. Hughes R .... 14,379 Melvin R. Kenney, Sr. R . 31,943 Estel C. Kelley R .... 15,084 Edward J. McNeal D . .. 32,543 Lester B. Reed R .... 15,567 Virginia Seraphine R .... 30,210 Charles M. See R ... 17,782 A. Catherine Sleeth R . . 29,585 Fred J. Sullivan D ... 30,916 ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY G. Frank Young R .... 31,162 William B. Clatanoff....R .... 12,200 Fourth Legislative District Hunting Davis R .... 11,355 Murray Abramson D .... 12,537 Richard G. Guenter R . 10,324 Harley P. Brinsfield R . .. 9,459 George F. Nesbitt R . 10,671 Emory R. Cole R .... 11,509 William J. Niciforo R . . 9,504 Sol J. Friedman D .... 12,821 Albert W. Spencer R .. 9,939 Truly Hatchett D .... 11,456 J. Leslie Jones R . 10,298 Ira Bird Kirkland D .... 14,974 Jerome Robinson D 12,410 Ridgely P. Melvin, Jr.. D .... 17,324 Earl I. Rosenthal D 12,009 Orlando Ridout, IV D .... 17,104 Milton H. F. Saul D .... 11,323 Lewis Selby Tawney, Jr. D 15,260 Bertha Winston R .... 10,412 Calvin O. Wade D .... 15,325 Martin Venze R . .. 9,072 John M. Whitmore D 15,666 MARYLAND MANUAL 281

BALTIMORE COUNTY FREDERICK COUNTY William B. Edelen R ... 41,026 George M. Chapline .. .R .... 7,922 Louella H. Peltes R .... 38,656 Charles E. Collins D .... 8,312 Margaret T. Metzger ,.R .... 40,295 George B. Delaplaine, Jr. R 8,226 John B. G. Palen R ... 39,736 Melvin H. Derr R . 9,236 Samuel H. Shriver R .... 40,355 Abraham I. Ellin R . .. 6,744 John Lee Smith, Jr R ... 39,414 Henry Allen Groff, Jr. D .... 8,483 A. Gordon Boone D .... 48,756 S. Fenton Harris R . 8,512 Daniel B. Brewster D .... 50,166 Hazel W. Lewis D 7,754 Charles F. Culver D .... 46,830 Joseph B. Payne R ... 8,919 Dorothy T. Jackson ... D .... 47,308 Charles H. Smelser D 8,611 John N. Maguire D .... 47,708 Gary L. Utterback D .. 8,904 Roy N. Staten D.... 45,382 C. Clifton Virts D .... 11,638

CALVERT COUNTY GARRETT COUNTY Bennie C. Dowell D .... 2,071 Jesse J. Ashby R.... 4,005 John W. Hall R 1,990 Helen T. Baumgartner D . 3,043 James E. Hance D.... 2,127 Harry C. Edwards R .... 4,192 T. Reid Hutchins R .... 1,754 Kermit S. Glotfelty R .... 4,137 CAROLINE COUNTY Dwight Barrick 2 Orland B. Blades D ... 3,246 Willie S. Carrol R .... 2,429 HARFORD COUNTY Harry R. Hughes D .... 3,460 William S. Armiger R . .. 3,623 S. Arthur McDaniel ....R.... 2,467 Thomas J. Hatem D .... 6,989 W. Dale Hess 1) 6,410 CARROLL COUNTY Gertrude H. Jay R ... 4,427 C. Ray Barnes R .... 7,099 Charles M. Moore D . .. 6,472 Charles E. Buckingham D.. 5,752 G. Ross Scarff R... 5,103 Joseph H. Hahn, Jr R.... 7,122 Howard G. Shafer R .... 4,037 George H. Magin D .... 6,049 Joseph D. Tydings D .... 7,595 Thomas R. O’Farrell....D .... 6,013 Donald E. Six R .... 6,845 Carroll C. Smith R .... 6,600 HOWARD COUNTY William F. Stem D . . 5,811 John L. Porter R.... 2,740 Edward J. Turner R .... 2,822 CECIL COUNTY W. Howard Brown D.... 4,471 William F. Burkley D.... 4,835 Daniel M. Murray, Jr. D . 4,815 Guy Johnson D.... 5,971 F. Reynolds Mackie ... D .... 5,536 KENT COUNTY F. Grove Miller R .... 3,919 Earl H. Finder R. .. 2,114 E. Leland Ott R .... 2,505 Gilbert L. Watson R . .. 2,068 William E. Taylor R .... 2,591 Roger B. Harris D ... 3,078 CHARLES COUNTY W. Paul Joiner D .... 3,034 John W. Jenkins R.... 3,334 John T. Parran, Jr D .... 3,829 MONTGOMERY COUNTY Elmer M. Quade R .... 3,216 J. Fendall Goughian ... R .... 27,341 A. Clay Willett D .... 3,233 Warren Browning D 29,956 Gilbert Gude R 29,407 DORCHESTER COUNTY Blair Lee, III D 30,165 John T. Adams D .... 4,819 Julian P. King K 28,368 S. Elwood Andrews R .... 2,704 Margaret Schweinhaut D .. . 30,664 Earl Bennett D .... 4,953 Kathryn J. Lawlor R .... 28,816 James Leslie Bradley. ..R .... 2,405 Genevieve H. Wells D .... 29,369 Lottie R. Brinsfield D.... 4,317 J. Paul Marshall R .... 28,053 Clarence H. Corkran, Jr. D.. 4,963 William B. Wheeler D 30,244 John Wesley Horner . R .... 2,954 Robert A. Wallace R .... 26,540 Robert H. Reddick R... 1,754 Charles W. Woodward, Jr.D 31,760 282 MARYLAND MANUAL

PRINCE GEORGE’S COUNTY TALBOT COUNTY Margaret M. Conant....R .... 20,116 W. Randolph Harrison D .... 3,775 Albert R. Hassall R .... 19,000 Giles G. Jump R .... 3,181 John P. Lillard R .... 19,681 James C. Latham D .... 4,140 Richard H. Love R ... 18,987 Carroll Lowe D .... 3,828 Ernest A. Loveless D .... 31,164 Eugene R. Lutz R .... 3,123 Hervey G. Machen D .... 30,879 George H. Thompson. R .... 2,406 C. Philip Nichols D.. . 29,462 Ross G. Porter R... 18,777 WASHINGTON COUNTY Landsdale G. Sasscer, Jr. D 32,214 Howard E. Ankeney ....D .... 11,489 Carlton R. Sickles D .... 29,019 Jacob B. Berkson R .... 10,942 Harry E. Taylor R .... 18,727 Myron L. Bloom D .... 11,869 Perry O. Wilkinson D ... 31,428 Paul E. Brewer R .... 10,328 Susanne R. Byron R.... 9,146 Roger O. Charlton D .... 9,502 QUEEN ANNE’S COUNTY Charles L. Downey R .... 10,648 William J. Dwyer D. .. 9,115 David L. Jones R. .. 1,622 John B. Huyett D .... 11,782 Tilghman Eaton D .... 3,431 Clarence B. Mason D .... 9,052 William V. Riggs R .... 1,951 Edwin H. Miller R ... 9,760 Charles Elliott Risley ,.D .... 3,354 William G. Porter, Jr...R .... 9,759

ST. MARY’S COUNTY WICOMICO COUNTY W. Newton Jackson, Jr. R.. 4,214 Prank A. Combs D ... 4,086 Milton K. Larmore R .... 5,863 Donald E. Garner R .... 2,092 J. Wallace Messick R .... 4,430 Elinor Peabody R.... 2,268 Hans C. Shilling R. .. 3,311 J. Frank Raley D .... 4,130 Robert Powell Cannon D .... 5,635 Henry H. Hanna D .... 5,543 Harry L. Messick D .... 5,097 SOMERSET COUNTY E. Homer White, Jr D .... 5,884 Robert R. Jackson R .... 2,847 E. Layton Riggin D .... 3,367 WORCESTER COUNTY Lloyd L. Simpkins D . .. 3,707 Russell O. Hickman D .... 3,389 Raydie James Sterling R .... 3,119 Myrtle A. Polk I) .. 3,336 J. Ellis Dido Tawes D .. 3,552 A. Hartley Stevens D .... 3,412 William G. Vessey R... 2,559 Marcus J. Williams R .... 3,011 MARYLAND MANUAL 283

~~CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS November 2, 1954~~

Chapter 55—Acts of 1953 An Act to propose an amendment to Section 44 of Article 4 of the Con- stitution of Maryland providing that the Sheriff of Baltimore City shall receive such salary as may be fixed by law.

Chapter 315—Acts of 1953 An Act to propose an amendment to Section 21 of Article 2 of the Con- stitution of Maryland providing that the annual salary of the Governor be increased from $4,500 to $15,000.

~~Chapter 55- -Acts of 1953 Chapter 315- -Acts of 1953 For Against For Against~~

Allegany 4.233 2,521 4,420 4,671 Anne Arundel ... 7,881 2,108 6,084 6,908 Baltimore 25,914 7,365 30,453 10,199 Calvert 616 249 603 398 Caroline 753 544 841 1,133 Carroll 2,265 2,370 2,566 3,272 Cecil 1,391 532 1,468 950 Charles 945 292 1,106 509 Dorchester 558 191 729 602 Frederick 3,329 1,948 3,550 3,793 Garrett 527 943 776 1,482 Harford 2,806 813 3,147 1,616 Howard 933 542 1,405 1,048 Kent 244 172 398 123 Montgomery 13,702 3,498 23,237 4,925 Prince George’s 13,369 2,651 13,423 3,292 Queen Anne’s 320 147 424 290 St. Mary’s 1.234 366 1,373 938 Somerset 478 298 643 621 Talbot 1,412 425 1,663 1,103 Washington 2,029 1,668 3,089 2,920 Wicomico 1,562 635 2,155 1,393 Worcester 879 448 992 870 Baltimore City . 80,738 20,837 76,076 36,392 Totals 168,118 51,563 180,621 89,448 284 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS November 2, 1954~~

~~Chapter 480—Acts of 1953 An Act to propose an amendment to Section 1A of Article 1 of the Con- stitution of Maryland authorizing the General Assembly to provide for absentee voting.~~

Chapter 607—Acts of 1953 An Act to propose an amendment to Section 3 and Section 21 of Article 4 of the Constitution of Maryland providing that there shall be at least one Judge for every county except in the First and Second Judicial Circuits.

~~Chapter 480- -Acts of 1953 Chapter 607- -Acts of 1953 For Against For Against~~

Allegany 4,968 2,237 3,957 4,009 Anne Arundel .... 8,930 2,240 8,349 2,996 Baltimore 33,059 5,982 28,426 12,729 Calvert 567 201 487 233 Caroline 1,164 521 691 683 Carroll 2,634 2,200 2,255 2,112 Cecil 1.559 518 1,120 744 Charles 1,046 243 845 302 Dorchester 734 215 485 338 Frederick 3,979 1,829 3,167 1,958 Garrett 774 892 629 1,361 Harford 2,910 756 2,076 1,348 Howard 1,436 526 1,059 752 Kent 402 276 251 158 Montgomery 22,238 3,041 15,634 3,537 Prince George’s.. 13,341 3,550 13,192 3,452 Queen Anne’s 356 156 273 216 St. Mary’s 1,456 405 1,383 525 Somerset 542 251 360 289 Talbot 1,705 383 1,071 696 Washington 3,515 1,279 2,628 1,792 Wicomico 2.559 619 1,068 1,277 Worcester 1,059 423 642 658 Baltimore City . 84,929 16,005 48,204 45,681 Totals 195,862 44,749 138,252 87,846 MARYLAND MANUAL 285

~~CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS November 2, 1954~~

Chapter 754—Acts of 1953 An Act to propose an amendment to Article 11-D of the Constitution of Maryland providing that the Mayor and Council of Baltimore shall not acquire land under the provisions of the Article in Howard County nor in Anne Arundel County except with the consent of the Board of County Commissioners.

~~Chapter 754- -Acts of 1953 For Against~~

Allegany 3,494 2,631 Anne Arundel .... 10,133 3,155 Baltimore 24,334 13,332 Calvert 415 242 Caroline 611 656 Carroll 1,724 2,227 Cecil 1,046 657 Charles 688 328 Dorchester 454 267 Frederick 2,310 2,070 Garrett 452 969 Harford 1,897 1,345 Howard 1,143 762 Kent 254 147 Montgomery 10,838 3,589 Prince George’s.. 14,861 2,493 Queen Anne’s 310 202 St. Mary’s 963 512 Somerset 327 274 Talbot 1,049 560 Washington 1,852 1,623 Wicomico 1,469 684 Worcester 618 504 Baltimore City . 55,645 40,749 Totals 136,887 79,978 286 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS November 2, 1954~~

Chapter 42—Acts of 1954 An Act to propose an amendment to Section 22 of Article 3 of the Con- stitution of Maryland providing that the salary of the Secretary of State may be fixed by the General Assembly.

Chapter 53—Acts of 1954 An Act to propose an amendment to the Constitution of Maryland by adding a new Article to be known as Article 11-E, title “Municipal Cor- porations,” prohibiting the General Assembly to enact local laws relating to municipalities with certain exceptions.

~~Chapter 42—Acts of 1954 Chapter 53—Acts of 1954 For Against For Against~~

Allegany 4,065 2,751 4,453 2,426 Anne Arundel 7,274 3,049 7,419 2,439 Baltimore 30,123 7,939 26,430 9,005 Calvert 467 223 456 205 Caroline 802 550 823 530 Carroll 2,071 2,067 2,036 2,064 Cecil 1,253 589 1,208 593 Charles 785 324 754 305 Dorchester 630 291 1,003 233 Frederick 3,082 1.992 3,189 1,833 Garrett 583 1,018 998 982 Harford 2,499 888 2,287 858 Howard 1,074 584 930 550 Kent 314 124 503 122 Montgomery 19,243 4,444 17,720 3,723 Prince George’s... 13,128 2.993 11,960 3,403 Queen Anne’s 363 163 337 154 St. Mary’s 1,068 508 1,044 493 Somerset 407 253 499 239 Talbot 1,359 466 1,364 444 Washington 2,740 1,386 2,814 1,363 Wicomico 1,906 752 2,116 669 Worcester 752 470 990 436 Baltimore City .... 77,397 22,637 87,213 17,810 Totals 173,375 56,461 178,546 50,879 MARYLAND MANUAL 287

~~CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS November 2, 1954~~

Chapter 65—Acts of 1954 An Act to propose an amendment to Section 21 of Article 4 of the Con- stitution of Maryland providing that there shall not be less than four Judges in the Sixth Judicial Circuit.

Chapter 68—Acts of 1954 An Act to propose an amendment to Section 21 of Article 4 of the Con- stitution of Maryland providing that there shall be not less than three Judges resident in Baltimore County.

~~Chapter 65—Acts of 1954 Chapter 68—Acts of 1954 For Against For Against~~

Allegany 3,585 2,990 3,799 3,173 Anne Arundel 6,703 2,571 6,870 2,386 Baltimore 31,240 13,844 38,508 12,544 Calvert 417 235 414 272 Caroline 567 657 597 619 Carroll 1,595 2,173 1,594 2,194 Cecil 1,153 593 1,129 600 Charles 727 107 732 280 Dorchester 422 325 441 286 Frederick 2,734 1,973 2,486 1,922 Garrett 473 1,150 479 1,089 Harford 1,950 1,305 2,017 1,277 Howard 748 705 699 728 Kent 244 154 296 124 Montgomery 20,325 3,053 17,119 3,185 Prince George’s ... 14,098 2,509 14,559 3,754 Queen Anne’s 263 213 249 208 St. Mary’s 1,104 435 1,045 436 Somerset 325 260 316 275 Talbot 924 698 917 710 Washington 2,338 1,452 1,986 1,503 Wicomico 966 1,273 958 1,307 Worcester 538 618 522 621 Baltimore City .... 51,820 44,448 58,819 43,722 Totals 145,259 82,741 156,551 83,215 Chapter 65 and Chapter 68 provided that they would be null and void if Chapter 607 of the Acts of 1953 was ratified by the voters. 288 MARYLAND MANUAL

MARYLAND’S UNIT SYSTEM The individual receiving the greatest unit vote at the State Convention is the nominee of the party. Nominations are decided on the unit basis for the office of United States Senator, Governor, Comptroller and Attorney- General. Each county and Legislative District of Baltimore City is entitled to a unit vote equal to the number of members of the House Dele- gates and the State Senator which represents the county or district. Each unit vote is cast for the individual receiving the greatest number of popular votes in the particular county or Legislative District represented. The number of unit votes for each county and Legislative District of Baltimore City is as follows:

County Units Allegany 7 Anne Arundel 7 Baltimore 7 Calvert 3 Caroline 3 Carroll 5 Cecil 4 ' Charles 3 Dorchester 5 Frederick 7 Garrett 4 Harford 5 Howard 3 Kent •4- a Montgomery 7 Prince George’s 7 Queen Anne’s 3 St. Mary’s 3 Somerset 4 Talbot 4 Washington 7 Wicomico 5 Worcester 4

Baltimore City 1st Legislative District 7 2nd Legislative District 7 3rd Legislative District 7 4th Legislative District 7 5th Legislative District 7 6th Legislative District 7 Total 152 MARYLAND MANUAL 289

~~PRIMARY ELECTION RETURNS June 28, 1954~~

GOVERNOR Democratic Party: Harry Clifton Byrd, College Park George P. Mahoney, Owings Mills Republican Party: Temus Bright, Baltimore Pedro A. del Valle, Elkridge James Wolcott Gum, Dickerson Theodore R. McKeldin, Annapolis

Del- Bright Byrd Valle Gum Mahoney McKeldin Allegany 789 4,027 150 577 3,360 8,850 Anne Arundel .. 345 9,496 257 283 7,192 2,771 Baltimore 386 23,505 471 453 32,350 5,481 Calvert 57 717 8 21 637 353 Caroline 26 1,506 18 12 1,693 442 Carroll 79 1,632 39 152 2,143 1,600 Cecil 111 2,374 48 109 2,089 1,412 Charles 105 1,425 44 62 1,200 1,331 Dorchester 198 2,762 167 52 2,347 1,075 Frederick 292 4,535 62 249 1,723 2,931 Garrett 201 940 74 296 1,063 2,690 Harford 73 2,781 76 50 4,305 893 Howard 34 2,158 52 64 2,389 491 Kent 33 1,607 9 11 1,825 322 Montgomery .... 358 12,814 545 810 4,091 5,564 Prince George’s 467 13,946 491 592 5,012 4,750 Queen Anne’s.... 24 1,835 2 16 1,813 485 St. Mary’s 191 2,414 48 189 2,823 669 Somerset 235 2,700 17 26 736 936 Talbot 129 1,826 61 79 1,769 1,398 Washington . .. 291 4,402 117 366 1,586 3,552 Wicomico 203 3,868 69 61 1,463 876 Worcester 48 1,765 17 24 1,850 421 Total Counties 4,675 105,035 2,842 4,554 85,459 49,293

Baltimore City 1st Leg. Dist... 110 5,979 93 77 13,699 1,000 2nd Leg. Dist.. 236 4,501 183 117 7,003 1,627 3rd Leg. Dist.. 315 16,483 519 492 21,150 5,252 4th Leg. Dist.. 404 6,912 238 223 6,423 3,718 5th Leg. Dist. 420 16,475 390 276 16,648 4,462 6th Leg. Dist. 301 7,939 228 117 8,848 2,016 Total Baltimore 1,786 58,289 1,651 1,302 73,771 18,075 Grand Total 6,461 163,324 4,493 5,856 159,230 67,368 290 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~ATTORNEY GENERAL Democratic Party: Philip H. Dorsey, Jr., Leonardtown T. Barton Harrington, Baltimore C. Ferdinand Sybert, Ellicott City Republican Party: Edward D. E. Rollins, Elkton Unopposed~~

~~Dorsey Harrington Sybert~~

Allegany 2,259 1,075 2,638 Anne Arundel 2,321 1,815 4,876 Baltimore 23,705 7,394 14,589 Calvert 795 98 376 Caroline 1,184 532 824 Carroll 1,293 649 1,194 Cecil 1,587 757 1,425 Charles 1,376 141 884 Dorchester 1,274 723 1,194 Frederick 1,584 1,133 2,545 Garrett 830 193 574 Harford 1,456 1,679 1,579 Howard 686 167 2,813 Kent 1,020 348 1,021 Montgomery 3,193 2,010 8,332 Prince George’s 5,533 1,329 7,396 Queen Anne’s 1,293 465 1,750 St. Mary’s 3,397 445 970 Somerset 624 291 1,341 Talbot 1,042 995 884 Washington 1,308 1,122 1,767 Wicomico 879 809 1,337 Worcester 962 749 739 Total Counties 59,601 24,919 61,058

Baltimore City 1st Legislative District.... 6,147 1,473 1,834 2nd Legislative District.... 3,331 1,168 2,029 3rd Legislative District.... 10,243 10,559 4,274 4th Legislative District.... 3,112 1,321 3,216 5th Legislative District.... 7,003 3,925 7,766 6th Legislative District.... 4,033 1,239 3,620 Total Baltimore 33,869 19,685 22,739 Grand Total. 93,470 44,604 83,797 MARYLAND MANUAL 291

~~COMPTROLLER OF THE TREASURY Democratic Party: Harry Kemper, Baltimore J. Millard Tawes, Crisfield Republican Party : No Candidate~~

~~Kemper Tawes~~

Allegany 862 5,518 Anne Arundel 1,567 9,629 Baltimore 4,524 44,671 Calvert 124 1,129 Caroline 242 2,746 Carroll 501 2,857 Cecil 471 3,349 Charles 220 2,204 Dorchester 288 2,902 Frederick 713 5,078 Garrett 176 1,455 Harford 767 4,779 Howard 255 2,456 Kent 163 2,570 Montgomery 2,451 12,291 Prince George’s 2,641 12,626 Queen Anne’s 260 3,518 St. Mary’s 580 3,898 Somerset 290 2,871 Talbot 349 3,261 Washington 835 3,656 Wicomico 333 3,713 Worcester 228 3,143 Total Counties .... 18,840 140,320

Baltimore City 1st Legislative District.. 2,572 7,538 2nd Legislative District.. 1,387 5,433 3rd Legislative District.. 4,609 16,542 4th Legislative District.. 2,116 5,759 5th Legislative District.. 4,256 15,634 6th Legislative District.. 1,873 7,462 Total Baltimore 16,813 58,368 Grand Total 35,653 198,688 292 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~REPRESENTATIVES IN THE 84th CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES~~

First Congressional District Democratic Party: William David Hill, Easton Edward Turner, Centreville Republican Party: Edward T. Miller, Easton Alonsita Walker, McDaniel Hill Miller Turner Walker Caroline 1,383 466 1,510 39 Cecil 1,352 1,420 1,958 108 Dorchester 987 986 1,507 202 Kent 499 341 1,714 21 Queen Anne’s 1,044 500 2,786 11 Somerset 755 1,109 1,255 43 Talbot 2,477 1,364 1,165 390 Wicomico 1,441 911 1,142 87 Worcester 1,190 490 1,215 23 Totals 11,128 7,589 14,252 924

Second Congressional District Democratic Party: William P. Bolton, Towson Gately Flynn, Carrollton Republican Party: James Patrick Devereux, Stevenson (Unopposed) Bolton Flynn Baltimore 20,559 7,465 Carroll 1,916 1,488 Harford 4,515 757 Totals 36,990 9,710

Third Congressional District Democratic Party: Edward A. Garmatz, Baltimore (Unopposed) Republican Party: No Candidate Baltimore City Wards 1-8, 22-24; Pre. 3-9 of Ward 18; Pre. 1-25 of Ward 26; Pre. 1 of Ward 27. MARYLAND MANUAL 293

Fourth Congressional District Democratic Party: George H. Fallon, Baltimore (Unopposed) Republican Party: Linwood G. Koger, Baltimore Melvin B. Landy, Baltimore Arthur W. Sherwood, Baltimore Myrtle S. Shipley, Baltimore Koger Landy Sherwood Shipley Baltimore City 2,711 1,017 3,388 1,123 Wards 9-13, 17, 19, 20: Pre. 1-2 of Ward 18; Pre. 20-26, Pre. 33-37 of Ward 27.

Fifth Congressional District Democratic Party: Walter L. Green, College Park Richard E. Lankford, Annapolis Paul Menk, University Park Republican Party: Robert E. Ennis, Capitol Heights Frank Small, Jr., Clinton

Ennis Green Lankford Menk Small Anne Arundel ... 399 1,538 9,814 520 2,631 Calvert 53 325 909 36 368 Charles 102 785 1,510 78 1,453 Howard 38 1,267 2,047 127 418 Prince George’s. 933 6,712 8,234 1,921 4,820 St. Mary’s 129 1,622 2,484 232 906 Baltimore City 31 604 745 155 140 Pre. 12-19 of Ward 25. Totals .. 1,685 12,853 25,743 3,069 10,736

~~Sixth Congressional District Democratic Party: Byrne Austin, Takoma Park Charles M. Irelan, Silver Spring Edward J. Ryan, Frostburg Republican Party: DeWitt S. Hyde, Bethesda (Unopposed)~~

~~Austin Irelan Ryan Allegany 480 173 6,413 Frederick 1,296 1,062 3,022 Garrett 118 86 1,518 Montgomery. 3,488 11,621 571 Washington.. 1,049 737 2,588 Totals 6,431 13,679 14,112 294 MARYLAND MANUAL~~

~~Seventh Congressional District Democratic Party: Samuel N. Friedel, Baltimore Henry R. Hergenroeder, Baltimore Republican Party: Edward C. Dukehart, Baltimore (Unopposed)~~

~~Friedel Hergenroeder Baltimore City 26,544 12,381 Wards 15-16, 21, 28; Pre. 26-31 of Ward 26; Pre. 2-19, 27-32, 38-39 of Ward 27.~~

JUDICIARY JUDGE OF THE COURT OF APPEALS Second Appellate Circuit Democratic Party: Hall Hammond, Stevenson Charles C. Marbury, Marlboro Republican Party: Hall Hammond, Stevenson Charles C. Marbury, Marlboro Republican Ballot Democratic Ballot Hammond Marbury Hammond Marbury Anne Arundel ... 1,823 707 3,731 4,268 Baltimore 5,040 701 43,258 4,782 Calvert 123 233 293 928 Charles 169 769 384 1,891 Harford 442 160 3,989 997 Prince George’s.. 1,124 4,196 2,738 13,065 St. Mary’s 233 624 1,028 3,162 Total.. 8,954 7,390 55,421 29,093

JUDGES OF CIRCUIT COURTS First Judicial Circuit (2 to be nominated) Democratic Party: E. McMaster Duer^Princess'Anne Lewis C. Merryman, Sr., Salisbury Rex A. Taylor, Salisbury Republican Party: E. McMaster Duer, Princess Anne Lewis C. Merryman, Sr., Salisbury Rex A. Taylor, Salisbury Republican Ballot Duer Merryman Taylor Dorchester 632 348 526 Somerset 1,043 220 795 Wicomico 645 380 706 Worcester 434 155 295 Total 2,754 1,103 2,322 MARYLAND MANUAL 295

~~Democratic Ballot Duer Merryman Taylor Dorchester 2,335 704 2,085 Somerset 2,435 559 1,806 Wicomico 3,035 1,240 4,165 Worcester 2,543 790 2,362 Total 10,348 3,293 10,418~~

Third Judicial Circuit Democratic Party: Robert H. Archer, Bel Air G. Howlett Colbourn, Havre de Grace Stewart Day, Bel Air D. Franklin McGinnis, Fallston D. Paul McNabb, Streett Republican Party: Robert H. Archer, Bel Air G. Howlett Colbourn, Havre de Grace Stewart Day, Bel Air D. Franklin McGinnis, Fallston D. Paul McNabb, Streett

~~Republican Ballot Archer Colbourn Day McGinnis McNabb Baltimore 899 591 508 825 3,001 Harford 143 251 176 42 466 Total 1,042 842 684 867 3,467~~

~~Democratic Ballot Archer Colbourn Day McGinnis McNabb Baltimore. 15,400 4,287 19,660 1,270 3,008 Harford.... 1,475 1,905 1,312 282 2,339 Total 16,875 6,192 20,972 1,552 5,347~~

~~Sixth Judicial Circuit Democratic Party: Stedman Prescott, Rockville (Unopposed) Republican Party: Stedman Prescott, Rockville (Unopposed) 296 MARYLAND MANUAL~~

SUPREME BENCH OF BALTIMORE CITY (3 to be Nominated) Democratic Party: Joseph L. Carter, Baltimore James K. Cullen, Baltimore Michael F. Delea, Baltimore Albert A. Levin, Baltimore Martin K. Miller, Baltimore Emory H. Niles, Baltimore Julius P. Robinson, Baltimore Republican Party: Joseph L. Carter, Baltimore James K. Cullen, Baltimore Michael F. Delea, Baltimore Albert A. Levin, Baltimore Martin K. Miller, Baltimore Emory H. Niles, Baltimore Julius P. Robinson, Baltimore

~~Carter Cullen Delea Levin Republican: 12,926 10,199 1,142 4,609 Democratic: 52,153 37,631 9,053 23,451 Totals 65,153 47,830 10,195 28,060~~

~~Miller Niles Robinson Republican: 3,915 12,216 3,213 Democratic: 19,557 54,647 8,892 Totals 23,472 66,863 12,105 MARYLAND MANUAL 297~~

~~GENERAL ELECTION RETURNS November 4, 1952~~

FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES Democratic Party Progressive Party Republican Party Adlai E. Stevenson Vincent Hallinan Dwight D. Eisenhower Libertyville, Illinois Ross, California New York City and and and John J. Sparkman Charlotta A. Bass Richard M. Nixon Huntsville, Alabama New York City Whittier, California

~~Counties and Baltimore City Eisenhower Hallinan Stevenson~~

Allegany 19,186 47 14,529 Anne Arundel 23,273 288 14,739 Baltimore 81,898 484 48,476 Calvert 2,769 34 2,209 Caroline 4,155 11 2,733 Carroll 11,563 25 4,934 Cecil 6,482 26 5,590 Charles 4,334 49 3,338 Dorchester 5,524 152 4,823 Frederick 14,562 38 7,851 Garrett 4,980 18 2,281 Harford 10,770 80 6,809 Howard 5,497 112 3,693 Kent 3,656 11 2,504 Montgomery 47,805 467 28,381 Prince George’s. 38,060 423 29,119 Queen Anne’s 3,170 37 3,058 St. Mary’s 4,270 33 3,588 Somerset 4,113 39 3,951 Talbot 5,357 19 3,019 Washington 17,653 84 12,657 Wicomico 9,061 26 5,878 Worcester. 4,681 26 2,708 332,819 2,529 216,868 BALTIMORE CITY 166,605 4,784 178,469 TOTALS 499,424 7,313 395,337 298 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~ELECTORAL VOTE Maryland has nine electoral votes which were cast for Eisenhower and Nixon at the meeting of electors held in Annapolis, December 15, 1952.~~

~~FOR UNITED STATES SENATOR Democtatic Party Republican Party George P. Mahoney J. Glenn Beall Owings Mills Beall’s Lane Baltimore County Frostburg, Allegany Maryland County, Maryland~~

~~Counties and Baltimore City Beall Mahoney~~

Allegany 20,830 12,531 Anne Arundel... 20,359 15,649 Baltimore 71,543 55,476 Calvert 2,541 2,356 Caroline 3,696 3,024 Carroll 10,764 5,474 Cecil 5,700 5,895 Charles 3,757 3,683 Dorchester 4,994 4,808 Frederick 14,981 7,067 Garrett 4,869 2,210 Harford 9,064 7,575 Howard 4,928 3,981 Kent 3,038 2,752 Montgomery 44,293 28,765 Prince George’s 33,103 29,365 Queen Anne’s.... 2,714 3,544 St. Mary’s 3,537 4,122 Somerset 3,803 3,887 Talbot 4,832 3,326 Washington 18,042 11,729 Wicomico 8,461 5,763 Worcester 4,147 3,010 303,996 225,992 BALTIMORE CITY .... 145,827 180,378 TOTALS 449,823 406,370 MARYLAND MANUAL 299

~~FOR MEMBERS OF THE EIGHTY-THIRD CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES~~

First Congressional District Third Congressional District Democrat: Dudley George Roe, Democrat: Edward A. Garmatz, Georgetown, Kent County, 2210 Lake Avenue, Maryland Baltimore 13 Republican: Edward T. Miller, Republican: Jerry Toula, Easton, Talbot County, 2606 Beryl Avenue, Maryland Baltimore

Counties Miller Roe Baltimore City Garmatz Toula Caroline 4,283 2,542 Wards 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Cecil 6,546 4,961 6, 7, 8, 22, 23 and Dorchester 5,433 4,096 24th; and the 3rd, Kent 3,360 2,493 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, Queen Anne’s 3,170 2,978 8th and 9th prec. Somerset ... 4,523 3,191 of the 18th Ward; Talbot 6,266 1,997 the 1st to 25th Wicomico 8,929 5,434 prec. inch of the Worcester 4,654 2,470 26th Ward; and the 1st prec. of Totals 47,164 30,072 the 27th Ward.... 60,659 24,879 Totals 60,659 24,879

Second Congressional District Fourth Congressional District Democrat: A Gordon, Boone, Democrat: George H. Fallon, Towson, Baltimore County, 3806 Hadley Square, Maryland Baltimore Republican: James Patrick Republican: Samuel Hopkins, Devereux 4302 Wendover Road, “Eli O’Carroll”, Halcyon Rd., Baltimore Stevenson, Maryland Baltimore City Fallon Hopkins Counties Boone Devereux Wards 9, 10, 11, Baltimore 48,954 75,873 12, 13, 14, 17, Carroll 5,352 10,323 19 and 20; and Harford 5,815 9,615 the 1st and 2nd prec. of the 18th Totals 60,121 95,811 Ward; the 20th to 26th prec. inch and the 33rd to the 37th prec. inch of the 27th Ward 54,215 44,974 Totals 54,215 44,974 300 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~Fifth Congressional District Sixth Congressional District~~

Democrat: Richard E. Lankford, Democrat: Stella B. Werner, 39 Southgate Avenue, 6807 45th Street, Annapolis, Maryland Chevy Case, Maryland Republican: Frank Small, Jr., Republican: DeWitt S. Hyde, Clinton, Prince George’s 5304 Elm Street, County, Maryland Bethesda, Maryland

Counties Lankford Small Counties Hyde Werner Anne Arundel 18,617 17,623 Allegany 18,142 14,322 Calvert 2,362 2,563 Frederick 13,058 8,438 Charles 3,556 3,924 Garrett 4,540 2,255 Howard 1,393 4,464 Montgomery 42,603 31,115 Prince George’s .... 30,218 34,034 Washington 16,260 12,920 St. Mary’s 4,053 3,590 Baltimore City Totals 94,603 69,050 12th to 19th prec. inch of the 25th Ward 4,167 2,207 Totals 67,366 68,405

Seventh Congressional District Democrat: Samuel N. Friedel, 2207 South Road, Baltimore Republican: William F. Laukaitis 4613 Briarcliff Road, Baltimore Baltimore City Friedel Laukaitis Wards 15, 16, 21 and 28; the 1st to the 11th prec. of the 25th Ward; the 26th to the 31st prec. inch of the 26th Ward; the 2nd to the 19th prec. inch; the 27th to the 32nd inch and the 38th to the 39th prec. inch of the 27th Ward 63,652 60,277 MARYLAND MANUAL 301

JUDICIARY Judge of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City Joseph R. Byrnes, Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore City Byrnes 108,678 Judge of the People’s Court, Baltimore City William T. Tippett, Jr. Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore City For Continuation in Office 108,419 Against Continuation 13,647

CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS November 4, 1952 Chapter 199—Acts of 1951 Proposing to add a new article to the Constitution of Maryland to be known as Article XI-D, relating to Port Development and the acquisition of property by the Mayor and Council of the City of Baltimore. Chapter 20—Acts of 1952 Proposing an amendment to Section 52 (4), (5) of Article III of the Constitution of Maryland relating to the State Budget.

~~Chapter 199 -Acts of 1951 Chapter 20- -Acts of 1952 For Against For Against~~

Allegany 6,833 3,841 10,220 2,931 Anne Arundel 3,716 18,226 8,999 6,456 Baltimore 58,470 13,136 59,208 12,339 Calvert 680 438 948 318 Caroline 963 629 1,026 584 Carroll. 3,124 1,627 3,542 1,364 Cecil 2,845 1,047 3,652 902 Charles.. 1,096 627 1,471 450 Dorchester. 679 374 989 221 Frederick ... 4,390 2,397 6,212 1,810 Garrett 909 1,131 1,427 951 Harford 5,326 1,372 5,654 1,101 Howard 1,601 632 1,840 564 Kent 777 345 872 271 Montgomery 19,112 11,606 26,225 8,130 Prince George’s.... 14,106 8,576 16,905 7,017 Queen Anne’s 787 296 1,018 243 St. Mary’s 1,551 901 2,157 647 Somerset 1,071 369 754 522 Talbot 2,151 508 2,690 410 Washington 2,786 2,666 9,364 1,301 Wicomico 1,074 906 2,042 654 Worcester 924 570 1,806 484 Baltimore City .. 141,924 25,070 141,787 21,207 Totals 276,895 97,290 310,808 70,877 302 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~PRIMARY ELECTION RETURNS May 5, 1952~~

~~FOR PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES Democrat Republican Estes Kefauver No contest Grandview Avenue Lookout Mt., Tennessee~~

~~Counties and Uninstructed Baltimore City Kefauver Delegation~~

Allegany County 2,184 603 Anne Arundel County 6,830 1,612 Baltimore County 21,989 6,934 Calvert County 954 220 Caroline County 938 241 Carroll County 1,462 515 Cecil County 1,153 291 Charles County 1,076 398 Dorchester County 1,975 560 Frederick County 3,377 503 Garrett County 837 155 Harford County 3,082 959 Howard County 1,713 864 Kent County 865 323 Montgomery County .. 9,379 4,753 Prince George’s County 11,324 4,324 Queen Anne’s County.. 916 550 St. Mary’s County 1,854 497 Somerset County 961 281 Talbot County 1,253 371 Washington County.... 3,518 736 Wicomico County 1,508 1,029 Worcester County 736 323

Baltimore City— 1st Legislative District 7,795 1,902 2nd Legislative District 5,577 1,343 3rd Legislative District 18,104 5,831 4th Legislative District 5,738 2,992 5th Legislative District 13,926 5,632 6th Legislative District 6,861 1,619 Totals. 137,885 46,361 MARYLAND MANUAL 303

~~FOR UNITED STATES SENATOR Democrat Party George P. Mahoney Stephen B. Peddicord Lansdale G. Sasscer Prospect Farm 407 West Lombard St. Upper Marlboro Owings Mills, Md. Baltimore, Md. Maryland~~

~~Counties and Baltimore City Mahoney Peddicord Sasscer~~

Allegany 2,133 71 1,128 Anne Arundel 5,650 406 7,548 Baltimore 23,614 1,224 18,060 Calvert 320 16 1,222 Caroline 725 36 681 Carroll 1,039 87 1,141 Cecil 990 37 707 Charles 702 15 1,281 Dorchester 2,251 78 2,165 Frederick 2,495 84 1,570 Garrett 668 22 582 Harford 2,877 154 1,753 Howard 1,039 116 2,218 Kent 785 38 1,025 Montgomery 5,819 491 9,262 Prince George’s 6,574 432 12,612 Queen Anne’s 1,527 28 488 St. Mary’s 1,168 41 2,430 Somerset 980 15 1,213 Talbot 1,304 39 576 Washington 1,610 201 2,792 Wicomico 1,633 62 2,748 Worcester 657 18 923 Baltimore City— 1st Legislative District. 10,699 584 8,068 2nd Legislative District. 6,990 496 4,348 3rd Legislative District. 21,180 1,485 12,210 4th Legislative District. 6,131 551 6,393 5th Legislative District. 16,715 1,187 11,125 6th Legislative District 8,657 666 6,410 Totals.. 136,932 8,620 122,679 304 MARYLAND MANUAL

FOR UNITED STATES SENATOR Republican Party J. Glenn Beall Royden Addison Blunt H. Grady Gore Beall’s Lane R. F. D. 2 Route 2 Frostburg, Md. Ellicott City, Md. Rockville, Md. Thomas Hankinson Herman L. Mills Bradshaw 1002 Oak Hill Ave. Baltimore Co., Md. Hagerstown, Md.

~~Counties and Baltimore City Beall Blunt Gore Hankinson Mills~~

Allegany 4,584 85 1,035 30 230 Anne Arundel . . 1,767 292 1,836 194 177 Baltimore 5,267 1,058 2,990 474 472 Calvert 483 48 299 17 19 Caroline 541 157 230 2 19 Carroll 889 91 912 27 209 Cecil 649 76 277 26 35 Charles 1,181 44 220 24 43 Dorchester 687 429 638 154 162 Frederick 2,564 75 568 22 335 Garrett 1,188 22 292 9 65 Harford 584 176 491 28 93 Howard 454 236 503 8 36 Kent 751 47 316 4 13 Montgomery 7,772 416 5,284 70 315 Prince George’s 3,996 495 4,703 317 500 Queen Anne’s 143 65 621 5 8 St. Mary’s 466 70 610 28 33 Somerset 876 50 257 10 18 Talbot 929 60 601 14 12 Washington 3,801 108 307 21 1,550 Wicomico 864 173 738 49 103 Worcester 340 22 390 6 16 Baltimore City— 1st Leg. Dist.. 986 172 569 50 56 2nd Leg. Dist.. 1,273 356 1,138 131 107 3rd Leg. Dist. 4,488 796 2,044 257 231 4th Leg. Dist.. 1,887 531 1,709 242 171 5th Leg. Dist.. 3,053 711 2,131 280 304 6th Leg. Dist. 1,582 437 1,095 153 134 Totals 54,045 7,298 32,804 2,652 5,466 The individual receiving the greatest unit vote at the State Convention is the nominee of the party. MARYLAND MANUAL 305

~~FOR CONGRESS FROM THE FIRST CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Democratic Party Dudley George Roe Georgetown, Kent County, Md. (Unopposed)~~

FOR CONGRESS FROM THE SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Democratic Party A. Gordon Boone William R. McClayton Towson 903 Dulaney Valley Court Baltimore County Towson, Baltimore County Maryland Maryland Frank W. Miller Hillen and Ridgewood Roads Towson, Baltimore County, Maryland

~~Counties Boone McClayton Miller Baltimore County 21,079 15,004 5,094 Carroll County 1,267 382 494 Harford County 2,324 1,098 851 Totals 24,670 16,484 6,439~~

FOR CONGRESS FROM THE THIRD CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Democratic Party Edward A. Garmatz Harry Kemper George C. Wagner 2210 Lake Ave. 443 N. Patterson Pk. Ave. 1121 N. Milton Ave. Baltimore 13, Md. Baltimore, Md. Baltimore, Md. Baltimore City—- Wards 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 22, 23 and 24, and the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th Precincts of the 18th Ward; the 1st to 25th Precincts, inclusive, of the 26th Ward and the 1st Precinct of the 27th Ward. Garmatz Kemper Wagner 29,081 2,479 6,674

FOR CONGRESS FROM THE FOURTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Democratic Party George H. Fallon Chester W. Tawney 3806 Hadley Square 3024 N. Calvert St. Baltimore, Md. Baltimore, Md. Baltimore City— Wards 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19 and 20; and the 1st and 2nd Precincts of the 18th Ward, and the 20th to the 26th Precincts, inclusive, and the 33rd to the 37th Precincts, inclusive, of the 27th Ward. Fallon Tawney 26,565 3,530 306 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~FOR CONGRESS FROM THE FIRST CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Republican Party Edward T. Miller Easton, Talbot County, Md. (Unopposed)~~

~~FOR CONGRESS FROM THE SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Republican Party James Patrick Devereux Clifford Perkins “Eli O’Carroll” Danger Road Halcyon Road Route 1 Stevenson, Md. Randallstown, Md.~~

~~Counties Devereux Perkins~~

~~Baltimore County 8,602 1,257 Carroll County 1,592 406 Harford County 1,066 203 Totals 11,260 1,866~~

~~FOR CONGRESS FROM THE THIRD CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Republican Party Jerry Toula 2606 Beryl Avenue, Baltimore, Md. (Unopposed)~~

FOR CONGRESS FROM THE FOURTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Republican Party Frederick Beck Temus (Tim) Bright Henry T. Fields 405 S. Central Ave. 1021 Cameron Road 748 Reservoir St. Baltimore, Md. Baltimore 12, Md. Baltimore, Md. Samuel Hopkins Harry T. Phoebus 4302 Wendover Road Oriole, Somerset County Baltimore 18, Md. Maryland Baltimore City—- Wards 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19 and 20; and the 1st and 2nd Precincts of the 18th Ward, and the 20th to the 26th Precincts, inclusive, and the 33rd to the 37th Precincts, inclusive, of the 27th Ward. Beck Bright Fields Hopkins Phoebus 1,497 1,937 1,314 3,610 840 MARYLAND MANUAL 307

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Totals 713 249 4,604 1,091 551 3,292 3,042 6,177 1,278 247 MARYLAND MANUAL 309 FOR CONGRESS FROM THE SIXTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Democratic Party William Prescott Allen Roy M. Coffman Stella B. Werner 7320 Hampden Lane 9503 Columbia Blvd. 6807 45th Street Bethesda, Md. Silver Spring Chevy Chase

~~Counties Allen Coffman Werner~~

~~Allegany 1,846 376 899 Frederick 2,091 418 1,315 Garrett 720 133 321 Montgomery 3,653 1,609 10,899 Washington 2,073 946 1,559 Totals 10,383 3,482 14,993~~

FOR CONGRESS FROM THE SEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Democratic Party Charles F. Brown Frank J. Flynn Samuel N. Friedel 627 McCabe Ave. 3048 Brighton St. 2207 South Road Baltimore Baltimore Baltimore Charles A. Masson Robert Joseph Sheehan Basil A. Thomas 3406 Bateman Ave. 526 Walker Avenue 5606 N. Charles St. Baltimore Baltimore Baltimore Henry R. Hergenroeder Fred E. Weisgal 5752 Maple Hill Road 311 Leighton Ave. Baltimore Baltimore BALTIMORE CITY—15, 16, 21 and 28th Wards, the 1st to the 11th Precincts of the 25th Ward; the 26th to the 31st Precincts, inch of the 26th Ward; the 2nd to 19th precincts inch, the 27th to the 32nd inch, and the 38th to the 59th precincts inch of the 27th Ward. Her- Brown Flynn Friedel genroeder Masson Sheehan Thomas Weisgal

~~2,397 1,382 15,423 7,519 5,527 766 7,846 2,227~~

FOR CONGRESS FROM THE SIXTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Republican Party DeWitt S. Hyde Robert B. Kimble Frank Raymond Long 5304 Elm St. Queen City Hotel 20 Everett St. Bethesda, Md. Cumberland, Md. Chevy Chase View Kensington, Md. D. John Markey George M. Moore 177-A East Second St. 402 Deerfield St. Frederick, Md. Silver Spring, Md. 310 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~Counties Hyde Kimble Long Markey Moore~~

Allegany 536 3,855 35 1,232 328 Frederick 607 436 69 2,111 314 Garrett 234 664 20 330 317 Montgomery 8,799 406 1,255 784 2,125 Washington 1,105 1,265 224 2,293 724 Totals 11,281 6,626 1,603 6,750 3,808

FOR CONGRESS FROM THE SEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Republican Party Glenn F. Anderson William F. Laukaitis Wilfred S. Rohlfing 3714 W. Mulberry St. 4613 Briarclift Road 720 Hillen Road Baltimore, Md. Baltimore Baltimore 20 James C. Tate 5114 Greenwich Ave. Baltimore 29 BALTIMORE CITY—15, 16, 21st and 28th Wards, the 1st to the 11th precincts of the 25th Ward; the 26th to the 31st precincts, inch, of the 26th Ward; the 2nd to the 19th precincts inch, the 27th to the 32nd, inch, and the 38th to the 59th precincts inch of the 27th Ward. Anderson Laukaitis Robbing Tate 1,990 3,339 564 1,934

~~JUDICIARY FOR JUDGE OF THE SUPREME BENCH OF BALTIMORE CITY Joseph R. Byrnes Harry S. Kruger Julius P. Robinson Baltimore City Baltimore City Baltimore City~~

~~Baltimore City Byrnes Kruger Robinson~~

~~Democrat 79,627 30,576 3,762 Republican 14,035 6,015 2,505 Total 93,662 36,591 6,267 State Central Committees~~

~~MARYLAND MANUAL 313~~

DEMOCRATIC STATE CENTRAL COMMITTEES OF MARYLAND Emerson Hotel, Baltimore, Maryland (Terms expire 1958) T. Barton Harrington, Chairman Mary H. Duvall, Vice Chairman Mildred Otenasek, Vice Chairman Harry T. Gross, Counsel Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr., National Committeeman M. Alice Canoles, National Committeewoman

~~ALLEGANY COUNTY Thomas B. Finan, Chairman Cumberland John Patrick Cain Frostburg John R. Kelly Westernport C. William McDermott Cumberland F. Allan Weatherholt Cumberland~~

ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY Charles A. Snyder, Chairman Annapolis Charles M. Eckman Harundale Nancie Ray Evans Severna Park David S. Graham, Sr Eastport Frank P. Griffin Pasadena Stephen J. Kenny, Jr Baltimore William W. Townshend, Jr Davidsonville BALTIMORE CITY Frederick Kemper, Chairman 1st District Louis J. Cavaliere 1st District Dominic Pietro 1st District Camillo N. Antonelli 2nd District Edward C. Chvatal 2nd District Patrick J. Connelly 2nd District Bernard F. Busky 3rd District Joseph A. Cilento, Jr 3rd District Bernard A. Garrity 3rd District Edward Azrael 4th District Reuben Caplan 4th District Gilbert V. Rubin 4th District Mortimer Aaronson 5th District Charles E. Falter 5th District David Sherman 5th District Angelo Agro 6th District John J. Hines 6th District Raymond F. Norton 6th District BALTIMORE COUNTY John D. C. Duncan, Chairman Lutherville Samuel C. Hanke Baltimore William Ross Hoffman Towson John F. McNulty, Jr Baltimore Vincent J. O’Malley Baltimore Ernest G. Trimble Towson Prepared by the Office of the Secretary of State, December 1, 1954. 314 MARYLAND MANUAL

CALVERT COUNTY J. Wilmer Gott, Chairman Solomons William Shamwel! Parran Prince Frederick George J. Weems Huntingtown CAROLINE COUNTY Martin L. Sutton, Chairman Ridgely Paul A. Croll Federalsburg Clifford L. Stafford Denton Roland C. Thompson Henderson E. Landon Walston Preston George P. Wood Denton CARROLL COUNTY Henry H. Himler, Chairman Westminster Edward O. Bollinger Westminster Ralph D. Bowman Westminster Horace S. Brauning, Sr. Finksburg William R. Martin Hampstead Edgar E. Sellers Manchester CECIL COUNTY Ralph W. McCool, Chairman Elkton Gwyn J. Goodman Cecil ton Frank H. Harris Perryville CHARLES COUNTY Rudolph A. Carrico, Chairman Bryantown J. T. Bowling Newport W. Mitchell Digges La Plata Reed McDonagh La Plata John K. Moore White Plains DORCHESTER COUNTY J. Bryan Dashiell, Chairman Cambridge Walter B. Andrews Cambridge J. Carlton Benny Cambridge Eldridge Lloyd Cambridge John Truitt Cambridge FREDERICK COUNTY Edwin F. Nikirk, Chairman Frederick George F. Albrecht Frederick Joseph E. Chew Brunswick Louise E. Fraley Thurmont George E. Hamilton Braddock John D. Leatherman Lewistown GARRETT COUNTY Clarence Spear, Chairman Oakland George M. Browning Sang Run Arthur H. Humbertson Mt. Lake Park George I). Meese Frostburg James B. Nally Oakland Lawrence Sellers Accident MARYLAND MANUAL 315

HARFORD COUNTY W. Lester Davis, Chairman Aberdeen A. Freeborn Brown Havre de Grace Paul L. Glackin Cardiff J. Garland Green Forest Hill N. Joseph Lee Perryman Thomas Tracey Preston, Jr Joppa HOWARD COUNTY Jerome A. Loughran, Chairman Ellicott City Howard J. Bauman Elkridge Louis M. Brown .Simpsonville William B. Dorsey Sykesville .Ellicott City John J. Votta ; Raymond E. White Savage KENT COUNTY E. Clyde Sparks, Chairman Chestertown Gilbert Ashley ....Rock Hall John A. Groves Rock Hall MONTGOMERY COUNTY Ward M. Caddington Silver Spring Virginia M. Black Silver Spring Milton F. Clogg Rockville Alice W. Hostetler Rockville Willard A. Norris Silver Spring James H. Mann . ..Bethesda J. Forest Walker Gaithersburg PRINCE GEORGE’S COUNTY L. Harold Sothoron, Chairman Hyattsville C. Gerard Bushcher Hyattsville Dwight K. Denison Washington, D. C. Lewis M. Early Brandywine Ruth M. Swann Hyattsville R. Lee Van Horn ,, Bowie Hugh A. White ...Hyattsville

QUEEN ANNE’S COUNTY Mary Catherine Kirwin, Chairman Chester Herbert H. Bowers Millington Ethel S. Cecil ...Barclay Marie Catherine Jewell Grasonville J. Thomas Stevens -••• Barclay Edwin Walbert Church Hill

ST. MARY’S COUNTY John H. T. Briscoe, Chairman Leonardtown Charles Bailey Tall Timbers Frank J. Combs Leonardtown Robert G. Dean Valley Lee Louis V. Hammett St. Imgoes Joseph C. Mattingly Leonardtown 316 MARYLAND MANUAL

SOMERSET COUNTY Norman C. Mason, Chairman Crisfield Henry J. Bailey Princess Anne Hilton M. Dize Crisfield G. Beverly Holland Princess Anne Stanley E. Lankford Pocomoke City Earl W. Webster Deal Island

~~TALBOT COUNTY Roger C. Ringgold, Chairman St. Michaels J. Parker Callahan Queen Anne Walter Claggett Easton Levin F. Harrison Tilghman Charles A. Seymour Trappe~~

WASHINGTON COUNTY C. William Hetzer, Chairman Hagerstown Martin V. B. Bostetter Hagerstown E. Stuart Bushong Breathedsville E. Eugene Geary Hagerstown Earl S. Reed Hancock Brewer L. Stouffer Hagerstown

WICOMICO COUNTY W. Hampton Brittingham Salisbury Helen Moore Brittingham Salisbury James H. Caldwell Salisbury Albert U. Davis Delmar Stanley Denmead Kolb Salisbury A. Clyde Shockley Salisbury Mary H. Smith Salisbury

WORCESTER COUNTY O. Sheldon Chandler, Chairman Berlin Lynwood Duncan Pocomoke Jack F. A. Culver, Jr Berlin Hugh T. Cropper, Jr Ocean City Walter T. Onley, Jr Snow Hill James R. Tilghman Pocomoke MARYLAND MANUAL 317

REPUBLICAN STATE CENTRAL COMMITTEES OF MARYLAND* 1112 Equitable Building Baltimore, Maryland (Terms expire 1958) D. Eldred Rinehart, Chairman Stanley Scherr, Vice Chairman Vacancy, Vice Chairman Charles S. Jackson, Treasurer William J. Reid, Assistant Treasurer Bessie D. Vane, Secretary Theodore R. McKeldin, National Committeeman Bertha S. Adkins, National Committeewoman ALLEGANY COUNTY James S. Getty, Chairman Cumberland Thomas Elias Frostburg Edgar M. Lewis Cumberland Victor M. Hebb Cumberland David J. Williams Midland Francis Miller Frostburg George F. S. Jeffrey Lonaconing Samuel M. Berry Westernport ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY Albert F. Clauss, Chairman Glen Burnie Ida E. Harris Annapolis Samuel Schenker Annapolis Katherine G. Monvid Harwood Carroll M. Cole Glen Burnie Richard Chamberlin West River Thomas Robinson Davidsonville BALTIMORE CITY Malcolm Moos, Chairman Baltimore William J. Reid, Vice Chairman Baltimore Mary A. Burgess, Vice Chairman Baltimore Charles A. Dorsey, Treasurer Baltimore Mollie Neal, Financial Secretary Baltimore Augustus Knox, Secretary Baltimore Anthony L Prince, Assistant Secretary Baltimore William N. Turks, Sergeant at Arms Baltimore Henry Cierniak 1st Ward John A. Janetzke 2nd Ward Charles A. Prince 3rd Ward Joseph W. Jones 4th Ward William J. Reid (Acting) 5th Ward Richard C. Miller 6th Ward Ella Watson 7th Ward C. Edwin Roberts 8th Ward Sadye B. Slaysman 9th Ward Frederick II. Cook 9th Ward Donald Boyce 10th Ward William Contee 11th Ward Charles A. Dorsey 12th Ward Corrected to Sept. 22, 1955. 318 MARYLAND MANUAL Mary A. Wisner 13th Ward George H. Douglas 14th Ward Charles H. Dorsey 15th Ward Thomas A. Musgrave 15th Ward William N. Turks 16th Ward Helen Woodland 17th Ward Edgar W. Douglas 18th Ward William Chew 19th Ward Mary Burgess 20th Ward Samuel Bryan 21st Ward Vincent A. Wheeler 22nd Ward August Plitt 23rd Ward Harry J. Hemerick 24th Ward William Howard 25th Ward E. Arthur Hurd 26th Ward Anthony L. Prince 26th Ward Earl Mainley 27th Ward R. Glover Bauer, Jr 27th Ward William J. Evans 27th Ward James H. T. Brady 27th Ward J. Fred McNeave 27th Ward William F. Broening, Jr 28th Ward

~~District Committeemen Eleanor Beck 1st District William J. Reid 2nd District Mrs. Tracy Moos 3rd District Mollie Neal 4th District Elizabeth P. Brown 5th District Augustus Knox 6th District~~

BALTIMORE COUNTY Osborne P. Beall, Chairman Stevenson Christine H. Nathan Baltimore D. Park Kieffer Reisterstown John M. Nelson, III Eccleston A. Dewey Zimmerman Catonsville Millard L. Cursey Lutherville A. Braxton Huntly, Jr Baltimore 19

~~CALVERT COUNTY Maurice T. Lusby, Jr., Chairman Prince Frederick Pinkney Sewell Prince Frederick Herbert Ireland Plum Point~~

~~CAROLINE COUNTY Marvin H. Smith, Chairman Denton Willie S. Carroll Ridgely Oscar L. Lord, Sr Templeville W. Carlos Mosley Ridgely John T. Schmick Preston Howard L. Hager Denton~~

~~CARROLL COUNTY Erman A. Shoemaker, Chairman Westminster Charles L. Angell Union Bridge MARYLAND MANUAL 319~~

Evelyn B. Gordon Westminster William F. Bricker Taneytown Emma J. Massicot Westminster Amy A. Myers Westminster Dorothy B. Stegman Taylorsville L. Pearce Bowlus Mount Airy E. Miller Richardson New Windsor Marie B. Brown Sykesville

~~CECIL COUNTY Donald C. Cole, Chairman Perryville C. Arnett Armour North East Charles R. Brown ....Elkton Paul M. Cameron Rising Sun~~

CHARLES COUNTY Thomas B. R. Mudd, Chairman La Plata Frank L. Jenifer New Port Fannie M. Welch Marbury DORCHESTER COUNTY C. Rutledge Turner, Chairman Cambridge Norman S. Chase Cambridge Thomas D. Phillips Cambridge La Rue H. Warfield Cambridge Fred A. Jackson East New Market

FREDERICK COUNTY Emmert R. Bowlus, Chairman Frederick William R. Zentz Thurmont Edward Hart Etchison Frederick Merhl F. Wachter Frederick John C. Derr Monrovia Grayson Doub Myersville Hilda B. Croghan Frederick

~~GARRETT COUNTY Chester H. Browning, Sr., Chairman Oakland Harry P. Collier Keyser Ridge Lawrence M. Fraley Oakland Lewis R. Jones Oakland~~

HARFORD COUNTY Martin G. Kurtz, Chairman Jarrellsville Stanley M. Barrett Havre de Grace J. Willis Carr Aberdeen Hall R. MacLean Bel Air Paul Wilhelm Cardiff HOWARD COUNTY William W. Pindell, Chairman Glenwood Randolph Green Ellicott City Mrs. Douglas Sites Ellicott City 320 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~KENT COUNTY Olin S. Davis, Chairman (Jolts A. Parks Rasin, Jr Chestertown Fletcher Roberts Worton~~

MONTGOMERY COUNTY Walter W. Dawson, Chairman Rockville Olive D. Kinsmann Silver Spring George C. Warner, Jr Washington, D. C. Claude V. Hyson Bethesda L. S. (Ted) Ray Silver Spring Fermon J. Plummer Darnestown Adolph E. Gude Rockville

PRINCE GEORGE’S COUNTY Carlton Pyles, Chairman Silver Hill 23 Laura E. Mulrooney Hyattsville James S. Brady, Jr Bowie William J. Griffith Upper Marlboro Merrill L. Harrison Laurel James T. Sutton Cedar Heights Earl H. Wilkinson District Heights

~~QUEEN ANNE’S COUNTY Elmer W. Sterling, Chairman Church Hill Medford Golt Stevensville Alexander Ayers Centreville~~

~~ST. MARY’S COUNTY Philip H. Hurry, Chairman Clements John Clem Dyson Bushwood P. Roscoe Thompson Hollywood~~

~~SOMERSET COUNTY Elmer F. Gatlin, Chairman Upper Fairmount Joseph Hayman Princess Anne George E. Maddrix Lawsonia Carlton Dize Crisfield~~

~~TALBOT COUNTY Davis C. Burroughs, Chairman Easton Alfred H. Chester St. Michaels William H. Norris Easton Harvey R. Renshaw Easton~~

WASHINGTON COUNTY Joseph S. Ward, Chairman Hagerstown William H. Ankeney Clear Spring Frances M. Berger Hagerstown Earl H. Bowman Smithsburg Allen I. Myers Hagerstown J. R. Ray Black Hagerstown Frank Warrenfeltz Boonsboro MARYLAND MANUAL 321

WICOMICO COUNTY D. Ernest Matthews, Chairman Salisbury Bessie Post Cowles Salisbury William Eugene Bounds Salisbury Paul F. Richardson Willards James I. Wells Salisbury WORCESTER COUNTY Walter S. Ringler, Chairman Bishopville Solomon Small Pocomoke City M. Elwood Watson Berlin Handy Truitt Snow Hill

~~MARYLAND MANUAL 323~~

~~(□jarter of HHarylanli~~

~~TRANSLATED FROM THE LATIN ORIGINAL~~

CHARLES,* by the grace of God, of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, king, Defender of the Faith, &c. To all to whom these Presents shall come, Greeting. II. Whereas, our well beloved and right trusty Subject CiECILIUS CALVERT, Baron of BALTIMORE, in our Kingdom of Ireland, Son and Heir of GEORGE CALVERT, Knight, late Baron of BALTIMORE in our said Kingdom of Ireland, treading in the Steps of his Father, being ani- mated with a laudable, and pious Zeal for extending the Christian Religion, and also the Territories of our Empire, hath humbly besought leave of US, that he may transport by his own Industry, and Expense, a numerous Colony of the English Nation, to a certain region, hereinafter described, in a Country hitherto uncultivated, in the parts of America, and partly occupied by Savages, having no Knowl- edge of the Divine Being, and that all that Region, with some certain Privileges, and Jurisdiction, appertaining unto the wholesome Government, and State of his Colony and Region aforesaid, may by our Royal Highness be given, granted, and confirmed unto him, and his heirs. III. Know YE therefore, that WE, encouraging with our Royal Favour, the pious and noble Purpose of the aforesaid Baron of Baltimore, of our special Grace, certain Knowledge, and mere Motion, have Given, Granted, and Confirmed, and by this our present CHARTER, for US, our Heirs, and Successors, do Give, Grant, and Confirm, unto the aforesaid CZECILIUS, now Baron of BALTI- MORE, his Heirs, and Assigns, all that Part of the Penin- sula, or Chersonese, lying in the Parts of America, between the Ocean on the East, and the Bay of Chesapeake on the West, divided from the Residue thereof by a Right Line drawn from the Promontory, or Head-Land, called Walkin’s Point, situate upon the Bay aforesaid, near the River of Wighco, on the West, unto the Main Ocean on the East; and between that Boundary on the South, unto that Part * Charles the First, of England. 324 MARYLAND MANUAL

of the Bay of Velatvare on the North, which lieth under the Fortieth Degree of North Latitude from the ^Equinoctial, where New-England is terminated: And all the Tract of that Land within the Metes underwritten (that is to say) passing from the said Bay, called Delaware Bay, in a right line, by the degree aforesaid, unto the true Meridian of the first Fountain of the River of Pattoivmack, thence verging toward the South, unto the further Bank of the said River, and following the same on the West and South, unto a certain place called Cinquack, situate near the Mouth of the said River, where it disembogues into the aforesaid Bay of Chessopeake, and thence by the shortest line unto the aforesaid Promontory or Place called Wat kin’s Point; so that the whole Tract of Land, divided by the Line aforesaid, between the Main Ocean, and Watkin’s Point, unto the Pro- montory called Cape-Charles, and every the Appendages thereof, may entirely remain excepted for ever to US, our Heirs and Successors. IV. Also We do Grant, and likewise Confirm unto the said Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs, and Assigns, all Islands and Islets within the Limits aforesaid, all and singular the Islands, and Islets, from the Eastern Shore of the aforesaid Region, toward the East, which have been, or shall be formed in the Sea, situate within Ten marine Leagues from the said Shore; with all and singular the Ports, Harbors, Bays, Rivers, and Straits belonging to the Region or Islands aforesaid, and all the Soil, Plains, Woods, Mountains, Marshes, Lakes, Rivers, Bays, and Straits, situate, or being within the Metes, Bounds, and Limits aforesaid, with the Fishings of every kind of Fish, as well of Whales, Sturgeons, and other royal Fish, as of other Fish, in the Sea, Bays, Straits, or Rivers, within the Premisses, and the Fish there taken: And moreover all Veins, Mines, and Quarries, as well opened as hidden, already found, or that shall be found within the Region, Islands, or Limits aforesaid, of Gold, Silver, Gems, and precious Stones, and any other whatsoever, whether they be of Stones, or Metals, or of any other Thing, or Matter whatsoever: And furthermore the Patronages, and Advowsons of all churches which (with the increasing Worship and Religion of CHRIST) within the said Region, Islands, Islets, and Lim- its aforesaid, hereafter shall happen to be built, together with Licence and Faculty of erecting and founding Churches, Chapels, and Places of Worship, in convenient and suitable Places, within the Premisses, and of causing the same to be dedicated and consecrated according to the Ecclesiastical Laws of our Kingdom of England, with all, MARYLAND MANUAL 325 and singular such, and as ample Rights, Jurisdictions, Priv- ileges, Prerogatives, Royalties, Liberties, Immunities, and royal Rights, and temporal Franchises whatsoever, as well by Sea as by Land, within the Region, Islands, Islets, and Limits aforesaid, to be had, exercised, used, and enjoyed, as any Bishop of Durham, within the Bishoprick or County Palatine of Durham, in our Kingdom of England, ever heretofore hath had, held, used, or enjoyed, or of Right could, or ought to have, hold, use or enjoy. V. And WE do by these presents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, make, create and constitute Him, the now Baron of BALTIMORE, and his Heirs, the true and absolute Lords and Proprietaries of the Region aforesaid, and of all other the Premisses (except the before excepted) saving always the Faith and Allegiance and Sov- ereign Dominion due to US, our Heirs, and Successors; to have, hold, possess, and enjoy the aforesaid Region, Is- lands, Islets, and other the Premisses, unto the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and to his Heirs and Assigns, to the sole and proper Behoof and Use of him, the now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, forever. To HOLD of US, our Heirs and Successors, Kings of England, as of our Castle of Windsor, in our County of Berks, in free and common SOCCAGE, by Fealty only for all Services, and not in Capite, nor by Knight’s Service, YIELDING therefore unto US, our Heirs and Successors, two Indian ARROWS of those Parts, to be delivered at the said Castle of Windsor, every Year, on Tuesday in Easter-week: and also the fifth Part of all Gold and Silver Ore, which shall happen from Time to Time, to be found within the aforesaid Limits. VI. Now, That the aforesaid Region, thus by us granted and described, may be eminently distinguished above all other Regions of that Territory, and decorated with more ample Titles, KNOW YE, that WE, of our mose especial Grace, certain Knowledge, and mere Motion, have thought fit that the said Region and Islands be erected into a PROV- INCE, as out of the Plenitude of our royal Power and Pre- rogative, WE do, for Us, our Heirs and Successors, ERECT and INCORPORATE the same into a PROVINCE, and nominate the same MARYLAND, by which name WE will that it shall from henceforth be called. VII. And forasmuch as WE have above made and ordained the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, the true Lord and Proprietary of the whole Province aforesaid, KNOW YE therefore further, that WE, for Us, our Heirs 326 MARYLAND MANUAL and Successors do grant unto the said now Baron, (in whose Fidelity, Prudence, Justice, and provident Circum- spection of Mind, WE repose the greatest Confidance) and to his Heirs, for the good and happy Government of the said Province, free, full, and absolute Power, by the Tenor of these Presents, to Ordain, Make, and Enact LAWS, of what kind soever, according to their sound Discretions, whether relating to the Public State of the said Province, or the private Utility of Individuals, of and with the Ad- vice, Assent, and Approbation of the Free-Men of the same Province, or of the great Part of them, or of their Dele- gates or Deputies, whom WE will shall be called together for the framing of LAWS, when, and as often as Need shall require, by the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and his Heirs, and in the Form which shall seem best to him or them, and the same to publish under the Seal_ of the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and his Heirs, and duly to execute the same upon all Persons, for the Time being, within the aforesaid Province, and the Limits thereof, or under his or their Government and Power, in Sailing toward MARYLAND, or thence Returning, Outward- bound, either to England, or elsewhere, whether to any other Part of Our, or of any foreign Dominions, wheresoever established, by the Imposition of Fines, Imprison- ment, and other Punishment whatsoever; even if it be necessary, and the Quality of the Offence require it, by Priva- tion of Member, or Life, by him the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and his Heirs, or by his or their Deputy, Lieutenant, Judges, Justices, Magistrates, Officers, and Ministers, to be constituted and appointed according to the Tenor and true Intent of these Presents, and to constitute and ordain Judges, Justices, Magistrates and Officers, of what Kind, for what Cause, and with what Power soever, within that Land, and the Sea of those Parts, and in such Form as to the said now Baron of BALTIMORE, or his Heirs, shall seem most fitting: And also to Remit, Release, Pardon, and Abolish, all Crimes and Offences whatsoever against such Laws, whether before, or after Judgment passed; and to do all and singular other Things belonging to the Completion of Justice, and to Courts, Praetorian Judicatories, and Tribunals, judicial Forms and Modes of Proceeding, although express Mention thereof in these Presents be not made; and, by Judges by them delegated, to award Process, hold Pleas, and determine in those Courts, Praetorian Judicatories, and Tribunals, in all Ac- tions, Suits, Causes, and Matters whatsoever, as well Crim- inal as Personal, Real and Mixed, and Praetorian: Which said Laws, so to be pubished as above said, WE will, en- MARYLAND MANUAL 327 join, charge, and command, to be most absolute and firm in Law, and to be kept in those Parts by all the Subjects and Liege-Men of US, our Heirs and Successors, so far as they concern them, and to be inviolably observed under the Penalties therein expressed, or to be expressed. So nevertheless, that the Laws aforesaid be Consonant to Reason, and be not repugnant or contrary, but (so far as conveniently may be) agreeable to the Laws, Statutes, Customs and rights of this Our Kingdom of England. VIII. And Forasmuch as, in the Government of so great a Province, sudden Accidents may frequently happen, to which it will be necessary to apply a Remedy, before the Freeholders of the said Province, their Delegates, or Deputies, can be called together for the framing of Laws; neither will it be fit that so great a number of People should immediately, on such emergent Occasion, be called together, WE therefore, for the better Government of so great a Province, do Will and Ordain, and by these Pres- ents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, do grant unto the said now Baron of BALTIMORE, and to his Heirs, that the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and his Heirs, by themselves, or by their Magistrates and Officers, thereunto duly to be constituted as aforesaid, may, and can make and constitute fit and wholesom Ordinances from Time to Time, to be kept and observed within the PROV- INCE aforesaid, as well for the Conservation of the Peace, as for the Better Government of the People inhabiting therein, and publickly to notify the same to all Persons whom the same in anywise do or may affect. Which Ordi- nances WE will to be inviolably observed within the said Province, under the Pains to be expressed in the same. So that the said Ordinances be Consonant to Reason, and be not repugnant nor contrary, but (so far as conveniently may be done) agreeable to the Laws, Statutes, or Rights of our Kingdom of England: and so that the same Ordinances do not, in any Sort, extend to oblige, bind, charge, or take away the Right or Interest of any Person or Persons, of, or in Member, Life, Freehold, Goods or Chattels. IX. Furthermore, that the New Colony may more hap- pily increase by a Multitude of People resorting thither, and at the same Time may be more firmly secured from the Incursions of Savages, or of other Enemies, Pirates, and Ravagers: WE therefore, for US, our Heirs and Suc- cessors, do by these Presents give and grant Power, Licence and Liberty, to all the Liege-Men and Subjects, present and future, of US, our Heirs and Successors, except such to whom it shall be expressly forbidden, to transport them- 328 MARYLAND MANUAL

selves and their Families to the said Province, with fitting Vessels, and suitable provisions, and therein to settle, dwell, and inhabit; and to build and fortify Castles, Forts, and other Places of Strength, at the Appointment of the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and his Heirs, for the Public and their own Defense; the Statute of Fugitives, or any other whatsoever to the contrary of the Premisses in any wise notwithstanding. X. We will also, out of our more abundant Grace, for US, our Heirs and Successors, do firmly charge, constitute, ordain, and commend, that the said PROVINCE be of our Allegiance; and that all and singular the Subjects and Liege-Men of US, our Heirs and Successors, transplanted, or hereafter to be transplanted into the PROVINCE aforesaid, and the children of them, and of others their Descend- ants, whether already born there, or hereafter to be born, be and shall be natives and Liege-Men of US, our Heirs and Successors, of our Kingdom of England and Ireland; and in all Things shall be held, treated, reputed, and esteemed as the faithful Liege-Men of US, and our Heirs and Suc- cessors, born within our Kingdom of England; also Lands, Tenements, Revenues, Services, and other Hereditaments whatsoever, within our Kingdom of England, and other our Dominions, to inherit, or otherwise purchase, receive, take, have, hold, buy, and possess, and the same to use and enjoy, and the same to give, sell, alien and bequeath; and likewise all Privileges, Franchises and Liberties of this our King- dom of England, freely, quietly, and peaceably to have and possess, and the same may use and enjoy in the same Man- ner as our Liege-Men born, or to be born within our same Kingdom of England, without Impediment, Molestation, Vexation, Impeachment, or Grievance of US, or any of our Heirs or Successors; any Statute, Act, Ordinance, or Pro- visions to the contrary thereof, notwithstanding. XI. Furthermore, That our Subjects may be incited to undertake this Expedition with a ready and chearful Mind: KNOW YE, that WE, of our especial Grace, certain Knowl- edge, and mere Motion, do, by the Tenor of these Presents, give and grant, as well to the aforesaid Baron of BALTI- MORE, and to his Heirs, as to all other Persons who shall from Time to Time repair to the said Province, either for the sake of Inhabiting, or of Trading with the Inhabitants of the Province aforesaid, full License to Ship and Lade in any the Ports of US, our Heirs and Successors, all and singular their Goods, as well moveable as immoveable, Wares and Merchandise, likewise Grain of what Sort soever, and other Things whatsoever necessary for Food and MARYLAND MANUAL 329

Clothing, by the Laws and Statutes of our Kingdoms and Dominions, not prohibited to be transported out of the said Kingdoms; and the same to transport, by themselves, or their Servants or Assigns, into the said Province, without the Impediment or Molestation of US, our Heirs or Suc- cessors, or of any officers of US, our Heirs or Successors, (Saving unto Us, our Heirs and Successors, the Imposi- tions, Subsidies, Customs, and other Dues payable for the same Goods and Merchandizes) any Statute, Act, Ordi- nance, or other Thing whatsoever to the contrary notwithstanding. XII. But because, that in so remote a Region, placed among so many barbarous Nations, the Incursions as well of the Barbarians themselves, as of other Enemies, Pirates and Ravagers, probably will be feared, Therefore WE have Given, and for US, our Heirs, and Successors, do Give by these Presents, as full and unrestrained Power, as any Captain-General of an Army ever hath had, unto the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and to his Heirs and As- signs, by themselves or by their Captains, or other Officers, to summon to their Standards, or to array all Men, of whatsoever Condition, or wheresoever born, for the Time being, in the said Province of MARYLAND, to wage War, and to pursue, even beyond the Limits of their Province, the Enemies and Ravagers aforesaid, infesting those Parts by Land and by Sea, and (if GOD shall grant it) to van- quish and captivate them, and the Captives to put to Death, or, according to their Discretion, to save, and to do all other and singular the Things which appertain, or have been accustomed to appertain unto the Authority and Office of a Captain-General of an Army. XIII. We also WILL, and by this our CHARTER, do Give unto the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and to his Heirs, and Assigns, Power, Liberty, and Authority, that, in Case of Rebellion, sudden Tumult, or Sedition, if any (which GOD forbid) should happen to arise, whether upon Land within the PROVINCE aforesaid, or upon the High Sea in making a Voyage to the said Province of MARYLAND, or in returning thence, they may, by themselves, or by their Captains, or other Officers, thereunto deputed under their Seals (to whom WE, for US, our Heirs and Successors, by these Presents, do Give and Grant the fullest Power and Authority) exercise Martial Law as freely, and in as ample Manner and Form, as any Captain- General of an Army, by virtue of his Office may, or hath accustomed to use the same, against the seditious Authors of Innovations in those Parts, withdrawing themselves 330 MARYLAND MANUAL from the Government of him or them, refusing to serve in War, flying over to the Enemy, exceeding their Leave of Absence, Deserters, or otherwise howsoever offending against the Rule, Law, or Discipline of War. XIV. Moreover, lest in so remote and far distant a Region, every Access to Honours and Dignities may seem to be precluded, and utterly barred to, Men well born, who are preparing to engage in the present Expedition, and de- sirous of deserving well, both in Peace and War, of US, and our Kingdoms; for this Cause, WE, for US, our Heirs and Successors, do give free and plenary Power to the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and to his Heirs and Assigns, to confer Favours, Rewards and Honours, upon such Subjects, inhabiting within the PROVINCE aforesaid, as shall be well deserving, and to adorn them with whatsoever Titles and Dignities they shall appoint; (so that they be not such as are now used in England) also to erect and incorporate Towns into Buroughs, and Buroughs into Cities, with suitable Privileges and Immunities, according to the Merits of the Inhabitants, and Convenience of the places; and to do all and singular other Things in the Prem- isses, which to him or them shall seem fitting and convenient; even although they shall be such as, in their own Na- ture, require a more special Commandment and Warrant than in these Presents may be expressed. XV. We will also, and by these Presents do, for US, our Heirs and Successors, give and grant Licence by this our CHARTER, unto the aforesaid now Baron of BALTI- MORE, his Heirs and Assigns, and to all Persons whatsoever, who are, or shall be Residents and Inhabitants of the Province aforesaid, freely to import and unlade, by themselves, their Servants, Factors or Assigns, all Wares and Merchandizes whatsoever, which shall be collected out of the Fruits and Commodities of the said Province, whether the Product of the Land or the Sea, into any the Ports whatsoever of US, our Heirs and Successors, of England or Ireland, or otherwise to dispose of the same there; and, if Need be, within One Year, to be computed immediately from the Time of unlading thereof, to lade the same Mer- chandizes again, in the same, or other Ships, and to export the same to any other Countries they shall think proper, whether belonging to US, or any foreign Power which shall be in Amity with US, our Heirs or Successors: Pro- vided always, that they be bound to pay for the same to US, our Heirs and Successors, such Customs and Imposi- tions, Subsidies and Taxes, as our other Subjects of our Kingdom of England, for the Time being shall be bound to MARYLAND MANUAL 331 pay, beyond which We will that the Inhabitants of the aforesaid Province of the said Land, called MARYLAND, shall not be burdened. XVI. And furthermore, of our more ample_ special Grace, and of our certain Knowledge, and mere Motion, WE do, for US, our Heirs and Successors, grant unto the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, full and absolute Power and Authority to make, erect, and constitute, within the PROVINCE of MARYLAND, and the islands and Islets aforesaid, such, and so many Sea-Ports, Harbours, Creeks, and other Places of Unlading and Dis- charge of Goods and Merchandizes out of Ships, Boats, and other Vessels, and of Lading in the same, and in so many, and such places, and with such Rights, Jurisdictions, Liber- ties, and Privileges, unto such Ports respecting, as to him or them shall seem most expedient: And, that all and every the Ships, Boats, and other Vessels whatsoever, coming to, or going from the PROVINCE aforesaid, for the Sake of Mer- chandizing, shall be laden and unladen at such Ports only as shall be so erected and constituted by the said now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, any Usage, Cus- tom, or any other Thing whatsoever to the contrary notwithstanding. Saving always to US, our Heirs and Suc- cessors, and to all the Subjects of our Kingdoms of England and Ireland, of US, our Heirs and Successors, the Liberty of Fishing for Sea-Fish as well in the Sea, Bays, Straits and navigable Rivers, as in the Harbours, Bays, and Creeks of the Province aforesaid; and the Privilege of Salting and Drying Fish on the Shores of the same Province; and, for that Cause, to cut down and take Hedging-Wood and Twigs there growing, and to build Huts and Cabbins, necessary in this Behalf, in the same Manner as heretofore they reasonably might, or have used to do. Which Liberties and Privileges, the said Subjects of US, our Heirs and Succes- sors, shall enjoy, without notable Damage or Injury in any wise to be done to the aforesaid now Baron of BALTI- MORE, his Heirs or Assigns, or to the Residents and In- habitants of the same Province in the Ports, Creeks, and Shores aforesaid, and especially in the Woods and Trees there growing. And if any Person shall do damage or In- jury of this kind, he shall incur the Peril and Pain of the heavy Displeasure of US, our Heirs and Successors, and of the due Chastisement of the Laws, besides making Sat- isfaction. XVII. Moreover, We will, appoint, and ordain, and by these Presents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, do grant unto the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs 332 MARYLAND MANUAL

and Assigns, that the same Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, from Time to Time, for ever, shall have, and enjoy the Taxes and Subsidies payable, or arising within the Ports, Harbours, and other Creeks and Places aforesaid, within the Province aforesaid, for Wares bought and sold, and Things there to be laden, and unladen, to be reasonably assessed by them, and the People there as aforesaid, on emergent Occasion: to Whom WE grant Power by these Presents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, to assess and impose the said taxes and Subsidies there, upon just Cause, and in due Proportion. XVIII. And furthermore, of our special Grace, and certain Knowledge, and mere Motion, WE have given, granted, and confirmed, and by these Presents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, do give, grant, and confirm, unto the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, full and absolute Licence, Power, and Authority, that he, the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, from Time to Time hereafter, for ever, may and can, at his or their Will and Pleasure, assign, alien, grant, demise, or enfeoff so many, such, and proportionate Parts and Parcels of the Premisses, to any Person or Persons willing to purchase the same, as they shall think convenient, to have and to hold to the same Person or Per- sons willing to take or purchase the same, and his and their Heirs and Assigns, in Fee-Simple, or Fee-tail, or for Term of Life, Lives, or Years; to hold of the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, by so many, such, and so great Services, Customs and Rents OF THIS KIND, as to the same now Baron of Baltimore, his Heirs and As- signs, shall seem fit and agreeable, and not immediately of US, our Heirs or Successors. And WE do give, and by these Presents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, do grant to the same Person and Persons, and to each and every of them, Licence, Authority and Power, that such Person and Persons, may take the premisses, or any Parcel thereof, of the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, and hold the same to them and their Assigns, or their Heirs, of the aforesaid Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, of what Estate of Inheritance soever, in Fee-simple or Fee-tail, or otherwise, as to them and the now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, shall seem expedient; the Statute made in the Parliament of Lord EDWARD, son of King HENRY, late King of England, our Progenitor, commonly called the “STATUTE QUIA EMPTORES TERRARUM,” heretofore published in our Kingdom of England, or any other Statute, Act, Ordi- MARYLAND MANUAL 333 nance, Usage, Law, or Custom, or any other Thing, Cause or Matter, to the contrary thereof, heretofore had, done, published, ordained or provided to the contrary thereof notwithstanding. XIX. We, also, by these Presents, do give and grant Licence to the same Baron of BALTIMOR-E, and to his Heirs, to erect any Parcels of Land within the Province aforesaid, into Manors, and in every of those Manors, to have and to hold a Court-Baron, and all Things, which to a Court-Baron do belong; and to have and to keep View of Frank-Pledge, for the Conservation of the Peace and Better Government of those Parts, by themselves and their Stew- ards, or by the Lords, for the Time being to be deputed, of other of those Manors when they shall be constituted, and in the same to exercise all Things to the View of Frank- Pledge belonging. XX. And further WE will, and do, by these Pres- ents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, covenant and grant to, and with the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns, that We, our Heirs, and Successors, at no Time hereafter, will impose, or make or cause to be imposed, any Impositions, Customs, or other Taxations, Quotas or Contributions whatsoever, in or upon the Resi- dents or Inhabitants of the Province aforesaid for their Goods, Lands, or Tenements within the same Province, or upon any tenements, lands, goods or chattels within the PROVINCE aforesaid, or in or upon any Goods or Merchan- dizes within the PROVINCE aforesaid, or within the Ports or Harbours of the said Province, to be laden or unladen: And WE Will and do, for US, our Heirs and Successors, enjoin and command that this our Declaration shall, from Time to Time, be received and allowed in all our Courts and Prsetorian Judicatories, and before all the Judges whatsoever of US, our Heirs and Successors, for a Sufficient and lawful Discharge, Payment, and Acquittance thereof, charging all and singular the Officers and Ministers of US, our Heirs and Successors, and enjoining them, under our heavy Displeasure, that they do not at any Time presume to attempt any Thing to the contrary of the Premisses, or that may in any wise contravene the same, but that they, at all Times, as is fitting, do aid and assist the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, and his Heirs, and the aforesaid Inhabitants and Merchants of the Province of MARY- LAND aforesaid, and their Servants and Ministers, Factors and Assigns, in the fullest Use and Enjoyment of this our CHARTER. 334 MARYLAND MANUAL

XXL And FURTHERMORE WE WILL, and by these Pres- ents, for US, our Heirs and Successors, do grant unto the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and As- signs, and to the Freeholders and Inhabitants of the said Province, both present and to come, and to every of them, that the said PROVINCE, and the Freeholders or Inhabitants of the said Colony or Country, shall not henceforth be held or reputed a member or Part of the Land of Virginia, or of any other Colony already transported, or hereafter to be transported, or be dependent on the same, or subordinate in any kind of Government, from which WE do separate both the said Province, and Inhabitants thereof, and by these presents do WILL to be distinct, and that they may be immediately subject to our Crown of England, and dependent on the same for ever. XXII. And if, peradventure, hereafter it may happen, that any Doubts or Questions should arise concerning the true Sense and Meaning of any Word, Clause, or Sentence, contained in this our present CHARTER, WE will, charge and command, THAT Interpretation to be applied, always, and in all Things, and in all our Courts and Judica- tories whatsoever, to obtain which shall be judged to be the more beneficial, profitable, and favourable to the aforesaid now Baron of BALTIMORE, his Heirs and Assigns: Provided always, that no Interpretation thereof be made, whereby GOD’S holy and true Christian Religion, or the Allegiance due to US, our Heirs and Successors, may in any wise suffer by Change, Prejudice, or Diminution; although express Mention be not made in these Presents of the true yearly Value or Certainty of the Premisses, or any Part thereof, or of other Gifts and Grants made by US, our Heirs and Predecessors, unto the said now Lord BALTI- MORE, or any Statute, Act, Ordinance, Provision, Procla- mation or Restraint, heretofore had, made, published, ordained or provided, or any other Thing, Cause, or Matter Whatsoever, to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding. XXIII. In Witness whereof WE have caused these our Letters to be made Patent. WITNESS OURSELF at Westminster, the Twentieth Day of June, in the Eighth Year of our Reign. (June 20, 1632). MARYLAND MANUAL 335

Constitution of Marxian!*

ADOPTED BY THE CONVENTION WHICH ASSEMBLED AT THE CITY OF ANNAPOLIS ON THE EIGHTH DAY OF MAY, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY- SEVEN, AND ADJOURNED ON THE SEVENTEENTH DAY OF AUGUST, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY-SEVEN, AND WAS RATIFIED BY THE PEOPLE ON THE EIGHTEENTH DAY OF SEPTEMBER, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY-SEVEN, WITH AMEND- MENTS TO AND INCLUDING NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FIFTY-FOUR1 o DECLARATION OF RIGHTS. We, the People of the State of Maryland, grateful to Almighty God for our civil and religious liberty, and taking into our serious consideration the best means of establishing a good Constitution in this State for the sure foundation and more permanent security thereof, declare: Article 1. That all Government or right originates from the People, is founded in compact only, and instituted solely for the good of the whole; and they have, at all times, the inalienable right to alter, reform or abolish their Form of Government in such manner as they may deem expedient. Art. 2. The Constitution of the United States, and the Laws made, or which shall be made, in pursuance thereof, and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, are and shall be the Supreme Law of the State; and the Judges of this State, and all the People of this State, are, and shall be bound thereby; any- thing in the Constitution or Law of this State to the contrary notwithstanding. Art. 3. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution thereof, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people thereof. 1 Including amendments proposed by the General Assembly of 1953 and 1954 and ratified by the voters at the General Election, November 2, 1954. Amendments proposed by the General Assembly of 1955 to be submitted to the voters at the General Election of 1956 follow immediately after the Index to the Constitution. 336 MARYLAND MANUAL [Dec. Rights 4]

Art. 4. That the People of this State have the sole and exclusive right of regulating the internal government and police thereof, as a free, sovereign and independent State. Art. 5. That the Inhabitants of Maryland are entitled to the Common Law of England, and the trial by Jury, according to the course of that Law, and to the benefit of such of the English statutes as existed on the Fourth day of July, seventeen hundred and seventy-six; and which, by experience, have been found applicable to their local and other circumstances, and have been introduced, used and practiced by the Courts of Law or Equity; and also of all Acts of Assembly in force on the first day of June, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven; except such as may have since expired, or may be inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution; subject, nevertheless, to the revision of, and amendment or repeal by, the Legislature of this State. And the Inhabitants of Maryland are also entitled to all property derived to them from, or under the Charter granted by His Majesty Charles the First to Csecilius Calvert, Baron of Baltimore. Art. 6. That all persons invested with the Legislative or Executive powers of Government are the Trustees of the Public, and, as such, accountable for their conduct: Where- fore, whenever the ends of Government are perverted, and public liberty manifestly endangered, and all other means of redress are ineffectual, the People may, and of right ought, to reform the old, or establish a new Government; the doctrine of non-resistance against arbitrary power and oppression is absurd, slavish and destructive of the good and happiness of mankind. Art. 7. That the right of the People to participate in the Legislature is the best security of liberty and the foundation of all free Government; for this purpose elections ought to be free and frequent; and every white male citizen having the qualifications prescribed by the Constitution, ought to have the right of suffrage. Art. 8. That the Legislative, Executive and Judicial powers of Government ought to be forever separate and distinct from each other; and no person exercising the functions of one of said Departments shall assume or discharge the duties of any other. Art. 9. That no power of suspending Laws or the execution of Laws, unless by, or derived from the Legislature, ought to be exercised, or allowed. [Dec. Rights 10] MARYLAND MANUAL 337

Art. 10. That freedom of speech and debate, or proceedings in the Legislature, ought not to be impeached in any Court of Judicature. Art. 11. That Annapolis be the place of meeting of the Legislature; and the Legislature ought not to be convened, or held at any other place but from evident necessity. Art. 12. That for redress of grievances, and for amending, strengthening and preserving the Laws, the Legis- lature ought to be frequently convened. Art. 13. That every man hath a right to petition the Legislature for the redress of grievances in a peaceable and orderly manner. Art. 14. That no aid, charge, tax, burthen or fees ought to be rated or levied, under any pretense, without the consent of the Legislature. ’Art. 15. That the levying of taxes by the poll is grievous and oppressive, and ought to be prohibited; that pau- pers ought not to be assessed for the support of the government; that the General Assembly shall, by uniform rules, provide for separate assessment of land and classification and subclassifications of improvements on land and personal property, as it may deem proper; and all taxes thereafter provided to be levied by the State for the support of the general State Government, and by the Counties and by the City of Baltimore for their respective purposes, shall be uniform as to land within the taxing district, and uniform within the class or sub-class of improvements on land and personal property which the respective taxing powers may have directed to be subjected to the tax levy; yet fines, duties or taxes may properly and justly be imposed, or laid with a political view for the good government and benefit of the community. Art. 16. That sanguinary Laws ought to be avoided as far as it is consistent with the safety of the State; and no Law to inflict cruel and unusual pains and penalties ought to be made in any case, or at any time, hereafter. Art. 17. That retrospective Laws, punishing acts committed before the existence of such Laws, and by them only declared criminal are oppressive, unjust and incompatible with liberty; wherefore, no ex post facto Law ought to be made; nor any retrospective oath or restriction be imposed, or required. 1 Thus amended by Chapter 390, Acts of 1914, ratified November 2, 1915. 338 MARYLAND MANUAL [Dec. Rights 18]

Art. 18. That no Law to attaint particular persons of treason or felony, ought to be made in any case, or at any time, hereafter. Art. 19. That every man, for any injury done to him in his person or property, ought to have remedy by the course of the Law of the Land, and ought to have justice and right, freely without sale, fully without any denial, and speedily without delay, according to Law of the Land. Art. 20. That the trial of facts, where they arise, is one of the greatest securities of the lives, liberties and estate of the People. Art. 21. That in all criminal prosecutions, every man hath a right to be informed of the accusation against him; to have a copy of the Indictment, or charge, in due time (if required) to prepare for his defence; to be allowed counsel; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have process for his witnesses; to examine the witnesses for and against him on oath; and to a speedy trial by an impartial jury, without whose unanimous consent he ought not to be found guilty. Art. 22. That no man ought to be compelled to give evidence against himself in a criminal case. Art. 23. That no man ought to be taken or imprisoned or disseized of his freehold, liberties, or privileges, or out- lawed, or exiled, or, in any manner, destroyed, or deprived of his life, liberty or property, but by the judgment of his peers, or by the Law of the Land. Art. 24. That Slavery shall not be re-established in this State; but having been abolished under the policy and authority of the United States, compensation, in consideration thereof, is due from the United States. Art. 25. That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishment inflicted, by the Courts of Law. Art. 26. That all warrants, without oath or affirmation, to search suspected places, or to seize any person or property, are grievous and oppressive; and all general warrants to search suspected places, or to apprehend suspected persons, without naming or describing the place, or the person in special, are illegal, and ought not to be granted. Art. 27. That no conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate. [Dec. Rights 28] MARYLAND MANUAL 339

Art. 28. That a well regulated Militia is the proper and natural defence of a free Government. Art. 29. That Standing Armies are dangerous to liberty, and ought not to be raised, or kept up, without the consent of the Legislature. Art. 30. That in all cases, and at all times, the military ought to be under strict subordination to, and control of, the civil power. Art. 31. That no soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, except in the manner prescribed by Law. Art. 32. That no person except regular soldiers, ma- rines, and mariners in the service of this State, or militia, when in actual service, ought, in any case, to be subject to, or punishable by Martial Law. Art. 33. That the independency and uprightness of Judges are essential to the impartial administration of Jus- tice, and a great security to the rights and liberties of the People; Wherefore, the Judges shall not be removed, except in the manner, and for the causes, provided in this Consti- tution. No Judge shall hold any other office, civil or military or political trust, or employment of any kind, whatsoever, under the Constitution or Laws of this State, or of the United States, or any of them; or receive fees, or perquisites of any kind, for the discharge of his official duties. Art. 34. That a long continuance in the Executive De- partments of power or trust is dangerous to liberty; a rotation, therefore, in those departments is one of the best securities of permanent freedom. Art. 35. That no person shall hold, at the same time, more than one office of profit, created by the Constitution or Laws of this State; nor shall any person in public trust receive any present from any foreign Prince or State, or from the United States, or any of them, without the approbation of this State. Art. 36. That as it is the duty of every man to worship God in such manner as he thinks most acceptable to Him, all persons are equally entitled to protection in their religious liberty; wherefore, no person ought by any law to be molested in his person or estate, on account of his religious persuasion, or profession, or for his religious practice, unless, under the color of religion, he shall disturb the good order, peace or safety of the State, or shall infringe 340 MARYLAND MANUAL [Dec. Rights 37]

the laws of morality, or injure others in their natural, civil or religious rights; nor ought any person to be compelled to frequent, or maintain, or contribute, unless on contract, to maintain, any place of worship, or any ministry; nor shall any person, otherwise competent, be deemed incompetent as a witness, or juror, on account of his religious belief; provided, he believes in the existence of God, and that under His dispensation such person will be held morally accountable for his acts, and be rewarded or punished therefor either in this world or in the world to come. Art. 37. That no religious test ought ever to be required as a qualification for any office of profit or trust in this State, other than a declaration of belief in the existence of God; nor shall the Legislature prescribe any other oath of office than the oath prescribed by this Constitution. ‘Art. 38. That every gift, sale or devise of land to any Minister, Public Teacher, or Preacher of the Gospel, as such, or to any Religious Sect, Order or Denomination, or to, or for the support, use or benefit of, or in trust for, any Minister, Public Teacher, or Preacher of the Gospel, as such, or any Religious Sect, Order or Denomination; and every gift or sale of goods, or chattels to go in succes- sion, or to take place after the death of the Seller or Donor, to or for such support, use or benefit'; and also every devise of goods or chattels to or for the support, use or benefit of any Minister, Public Teacher, or Preacher of the Gospel, as such, or any Relegious Sect, Order or De- nomination, without the prior or subsequent sanction of the Legislature, shall be void; except always, any sale, gift, lease or devise of any quantity of land, not exceeding five acres, for a church, meeting-house, or other house of worship, or parsonage, or for a burying ground, whic^ shall be improved, enjoyed or used only for such purpose: or such sale, gift, lease or devise shall be void. Provided, however, that except in so far as the General Assembly shall hereafter by law otherwise enact, the consent of the Legislature shall not be required to any gift, grant, deed or conveyance executed after the 2nd day of November 1948, or to any devise or bequest contained in the will of any person dying after said 2nd day of November, 1948, for any of the purposes hereinabove in this Article mentioned. Art. 39. That the manner of administering an oath or affirmation to any person, ought to be such as those of the religious persuasion, profession, or denomination, of which 1 Thus amended by Chapter 623, Acts of 1947, ratified November 2, 1948. [Dec. Rights 40] MARYLAND MANUAL 341 he is a member, generally esteem the most effectual confirmation by the attestation of the Divine Being. Art. 40. That the liberty of the press ought to be inviolably preserved; that every citizen of the State ought to be allowed to speak, write and publish his sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that privilege. Art. 41. That monopolies are odious, contrary to the spirit of a free government and the principles of commerce, and ought not to be suffered. Art. 42. That no title of nobility or hereditary honors ought to be granted in this State. Art. 43. That the Legislature ought to encourage the diffusion of knowledge and virtue, the extension of a judi- cious system of general education, the promotion of litera- ture, the arts, sciences, agriculture, commerce and manufactures, and the general melioration of the condition of the People. Art. 44. That the provisions of the Constitution of the United States, and of this State, apply, as well in time of war, as in time of peace; and any departure therefrom, or violation thereof, under the plea of necessity, or any other plea, is subversive of good Government, and tends to an- archy and despotism. Art. 45. This enumeration of Rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the People. 342 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 1, Sec. 1]

~~ARTICLE I~~

~~CONSTITUTION~~

ELECTIVE FRANCHISE. Section 1. All elections shall be by ballot; and every white1 male2 citizen of the United States, of the age of twenty-one years, or upwards, who has been a resident of the State for one year, and of the Legislative District of Bal- timore city, or of the county, in which he may offer to vote, for six months next preceding the election, shall be entitled to vote, in the ward or election district, in which he resides, at all elections hereafter to be held in this State; and in case any county, or city, shall be so divided as to form portions of different electoral districts, for the election of Rep- resentatives in Congress, Senators, Delegates or other Of- ficers, then, to entitle a person to vote for such officer, he must have been a resident of that part of the county, or city, which shall form a part of the electoral district, in which he offers to vote, for six months next preceding the election; but a person, who shall have acquired a residence in such county or city, entitling him to vote at any such election, shall be entitled to vote in the election district from which he removed, until he shall have acquired a residence in the part of the county, or city, to which he has removed. “Section 1A. The General Assembly of Maryland shall have power to provide by suitable enactment for voting by qualified voters of the State of Maryland who are absent at the time of any election from the ward or election district in which they are entitled to vote, and for the manner in which and the time and place at which such absent voters may vote, and for the canvass and return of their votes. Sec. 2. No person above the age of twenty-one years, convicted of larceny, or other infamous crime, unless par- doned by the Governor, shall ever thereafter be entitled to vote at any election in this State; and no person under guardianship, as a lunatic, or, as a person non compos men- tis, shall be entitled to vote. 1 The word “white” is ineffective under the 15th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States. 2 The word “male” became inoperative under the 19th Amendment to the Con- stitution of the United States. 3 Added by Chapter 20, Acts of 1918, ratified November 5, 1918; amended by Chapter 480, Acts of 1953, ratified by the voters November 2, 1954. [Art. 1, Sec. 3] MARYLAND MANUAL 343

Sec. 3. If any person shall give, or offer to give, directly or indirectly, any bribe present or reward, or any promise, or any security, for the payment or delivery of money, or any other thing, to induce any voter to refrain from casting his vote, or to prevent him in any way from voting, or to procure a vote for any candidate or person proposed, or voted for as the elector of President, and Vice-President of the United States, or Representative in Congress or for any office of profit or trust, created by the Constitution or Laws of this State, or by the Ordinances, or Authority of the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, the person giving, or offering to give and the person receiving the same, and any person who gives or causes to be given, an illegal vote, knowing it to be such, at any election to be hereafter held in this State, shall, on conviction in a Court of Law, in addition to the penalties now or hereafter to be imposed by law, be forever disqualified to hold any office of profit or trust, or to vote at any election thereafter. But the General As- sembly may in its discretion remove the above penalty and all other penalties upon the vote seller so as to place the penalties for the purchase of votes on the vote buyer alone.1 Sec. 4. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass Laws to punish, with fine and imprisonment, any person, who shall remove into any election district, or precinct of any ward of the City of Baltimore, not for the purpose of acquiring a bona fide residence therein, but for the purpose of voting at an approaching election, or, who shall vote in any election district, or ward, in which he does not reside (except in the case provided for in this Article), or shall,_ at the same election, vote in more than one election district, or precinct, or shall vote, or offer to vote, in any name not his own, or in place of any other person of the same name, or shall vote in any county in which he does not reside. SEC. 5. The General Assembly shall provide by law for a uniform Registration of the names of all the voters in this State, who possess the qualifications prescribed in this Article, which Registration shall be conclusive evidence to the Judges of election of the right of every person, thus registered, to vote at any election thereafter held in this State; but no person shall vote, at any election, Federal or State, hereafter to be held in this State, or at any municipal election in the City of Baltimore, unless his name appears in the list of registered voters; and until the General As- sembly shall hereafter pass an Act for the Registration of 1 Thus amended by Chapter 602, Acts of 1912, ratified November 4, 1913. 344 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 1, Sec. 6]

the names of voters, the Law in force on the first day of June, in the year eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, in reference thereto, shall be continued in force, except so far as it may be inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitu- tion ; and the registry of voters, made in pursuance thereof, may be corrected, as provided in said Law; but the names of all persons shall be added to the list of qualified voters by the_ officers of Registration, who have the qualifications prescribed in the first section of this Article, and who are not disqualified under the provisions of the second and third sections thereof. Sec. 6. Every person elected, or appointed, to any office of profit or trust, under this Constitution, or under the Laws, made pursuant thereto, shall, before he enters upon the duties of such office, take and subscribe the following oath, or affirmation: I, , do swear, (or affirm, as the case may be), that I will support the Constitution of the United States; and that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to the State of Maryland, and support the Con- stitution and Laws thereof; and that I will, to the best of my skill and judgment, diligently and faithfully, without partiality or prejudice, execute the office of , according to the Constitution and Laws of this State (and, if a Governor, Senator, Member of the House of Delegates or Judge), that I will not directly or indirectly, receive the profits or any part of the profits of any other office during the term of my acting as . Sec. 7. Every person, hereafter elected, or appointed, to office, in this State, who shall refuse, or neglect, to take the oath, or affirmation of office, provided for in the sixth section of this Article, shall be considered as having refused to accept the said office; and a new election, or appointment, shall be made, as in case of refusal to accept, or resignation of an office; and any person violating said oath, shall, on conviction thereof, in a Court of Law, in addition to the penalties now, or hereafter, to be imposed by Law, be thereafter incapable of holding any office of profit or trust in this State. o

ARTICLE II. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. 'Section 1. The executive power of the State shall be vested in a Governor, whose term of office shall commence 1 Thus amended by Chapter 109, Acts of 1947, ratified November 2, 1948. [Art. 2, Sec. 2] MARYLAND MANUAL 345 on the second Wednesday of January next ensuing his election, and continue for four years, and until his successor shall have qualified; and a person who has served two consecutive popular elective terms of office as Gov- ernor shall be ineligible to succeed himself as Governor for the term immediately following the second of said two consecutive popular elective terms. Sec. 2. An election for Governor, under this Constitu- tion, shall be held on the Tuesday next after the first Mon- day of November, in the year eighteen hundred and sixty- seven, and on the same day and month in every fourth year thereafter, at the places of voting for Delegates to the General Assembly 1; and every person qualified to vote for Delegates, shall be qualified and entitled to vote for Gover- nor ; the election to be held in the same manner as the election of Delegates, and the returns thereof, under seal, to be addressed to the Speaker of the House of Delegates, and enclosed and transmitted to the Secretary of State, and delivered to said Speaker, at the commencement of the session of the General Assembly, next ensuing said election. Sec. 3. The Speaker of the House of Delegates shall then open the said Returns, in the presence of both Houses; and the person having the highest number of votes, and being constitutionally eligible, shall be the Governor, and shall qualify, in the manner herein prescribed, on the second Wednesday of January next ensuing his election, or as soon thereafter as may be practicable. Sec. 4. If two or more persons shall have the highest and an equal number of votes for Governor, one of them shall be chosen Governor by the Senate and House of Dele- gates ; and all questions in relation to the eligibility of Gov- ernor, and to the Returns of said election, and to the number and legality of votes therein given, shall be determined by the House of Delegates; and if the person, or persons, having the highest number of votes, be ineligible, the Gov- ernor shall be chosen by the Senate and House of Dele- gates. Every election of Governor by the General Assem- bly shall be determined by a joint majority of the Senate and House of Delegates; and the vote shall be taken viva voce. But if two or more persons shall have the highest and an equal number of votes, then, a second vote shall be taken, which shall be confined to the persons having an equal number; and if the vote should again be equal, then the election of Governor shall be determined by lot between 1 This section modified by Article XVII, Sections 2 and 3. 346 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 2, Sec. 6] those, who shall have the highest and an equal number on the first vote. Sec. 5. A person to be eligible to the office of Governor, must have attained the age of thirty years, and must have been for ten years a citizen of the State of Maryland, and for five years next preceding his election, a resident of the State, and, at the time of his election, a qualified voter therein. Sec. 6. In case of the death, or resignation of the Gov- ernor, or of his removal from the State, or other disqualification, the General Assembly, if in session, or if not, at their next session, shall elect some other qualified person to be Governor for the residue of the term for which the said Governor had been elected. Sec. 7. In case of any vacancy in the office of Governor, during the recess of the Legislature, the President of the Senate shall discharge the duties of said office, until a Gov- ernor is elected, as herein provided for; and in case of the death, or resignation of the said President, or of his removal from the State, or of his refusal to serve, then the duties of said office shall, in like manner, and for the same interval, devolve upon the Speaker of the House of Dele- gates. And the Legislature may provide by Law, for the impeachment of the Governor; and in case of his conviction, or his inability, may declare what person shall perform the Executive duties; and for any vacancy in said office not herein provided for, provision may be made by Law; and if such vacancy should occur without such provision being made, the Legislature shall be convened by the Secretary of State, for the purpose of filling said vacancy. Sec. 8. The Governor shall be the Commander-in-Chief of the land and naval forces of the State; and may call out the Militia to repel invasions, suppress insurrections, and enforce the execution of the Laws; but shall not take the command in person, without the consent of the Legislature. Sec. 9. He shall take care that the Laws are faithfully executed. Sec. 10. He shall nominate, and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint all civil and military officers of the State, whose appointment, or election, is not otherwise herein provided for; unless a different mode of appointment be prescribed by the Law creating the office. Sec. 11. In case of any vacancy, during the recess of the Senate, in any office which the Governor has power to fill, [Art. 2, Sec. 12] MARYLAND MANUAL 347 he shall appoint some suitable person to said office, whose commission shall continue in force until the end of the next session of the Legislature, or until some other person is appointed to the same office, whichever shall first occur; and the nomination of the person thus appointed, during the recess, or, of some other person in his place, shall be made to the Senate within thirty days after the next meeting of the Legislature. Sec. 12. No person, after being rejected by the Senate, shall be again nominated for the same office at the same session, unless at the request of the Senate; or, be appointed to the same office during the recess of the Legislature. Sec. 13. All civil officers appointed by the Governor and Senate, shall be nominated to the Senate within fifty days from the commencement of each regular session of the Leg- islature ; and their term of office, except in cases otherwise provided for in this Constitution, shall commence on the first Monday of May next ensuing their appointment, and continue for two years, (unless removed from office), and until their successors, respectively, qualify according to Law; but the term of office of the Inspectors of Tobacco shall commence on the first Monday of March next ensuing their appointment. Sec. 14. If a vacancy shall occur, during the session of the Senate, in any office which the Governor and Senate have the power to fill, the Governor shall nominate to the Senate before its final adjournment, a proper person to fill said vacancy, unless such vacancy occurs within ten days before said final adjournment. Sec. 15. The Governor may suspend or arrest any military officer of the State for disobedience of orders, or other military offense; and may remove him in pursuance of the sentence of a Court-Martial; and may remove for incompetency, or misconduct, all civil officers who received appointment from the Executive for a term of years. Sec. 16. The Governor shall convene the Legislature, or the Senate alone, on extraordinary occasions; and whenever from the presence of an enemy, or from any other cause, the Seat of Government shall become an unsafe place for the meeting of the Legislature, he may direct their sessions to be held at some other convenient place. Sec. 17. To guard against hasty or partial legislation and encroachments of the Legislative Department upon the co-ordinate Executive and Judicial Departments, every Bill 348 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 2, Sec. 18] which shall have passed the House of Delegates, and the Senate shall, before it becomes law, be presented to the Governor of the State; if he approves he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it with his objections to the House in which it originated, which House shall enter the objections at large on its Journal and proceed to reconsider the Bill; if, after such reconsideration, three-fifths of the members elected to that House shall pass the Bill, it shall be sent with the objections to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if it pass by three-fifths of the members elected to that House it shall become a law; but in all such cases the votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the Governor within six days (Sundays excepted), after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law in like manner as if he signed it, unless the General Assembly shall, by adjourning, prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. Any Bill which is vetoed by the Governor following the adjournment of the General Assembly, or any Bill which fails to become a law by reason of not having been signed by the Governor following the adjournment of the General Assembly, shall be returned to the House in which it originated, immediately after said House shall have organized at the next regular or special session of the General Assem- bly. Said Bill may then be reconsidered according to the procedure specified hereinabove. If the Bill is passed over the veto of the Governor, it shall take effect on June 1 following, unless the Bill is an emergency measure to take effect when passed. The Governor shall have power to disapprove of any item or items of any Bills making appropriations of money em- bracing distinct items, and the part or parts of the Bill approved shall be the law, and the item or items of appropriations disapproved shall be void unless repassed according to the rules or limitations prescribed for the passage of other Bills over the Executive veto.1 Sec. 18. It shall be the duty of the Governor, semi- annually (and oftener, if he deem it expedient) to examine under oath the Treasurer and Comptroller of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices; and inspect and review their Bank and other Account Books. 1 Thus amended by Chapter 714, Acts of 1949, ratified November 7, 1950. [Art. 2, Sec. 19] MARYLAND MANUAL 349

Sec. 19. He shall, from time to time, inform the Legis- lature of the conditions of the State and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may judge necessary and expedient. Sec. 20. He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons, except in cases of impeachment, and in cases, in which he is prohibited by other Articles of this Constitu- tion ; and to remit fines and forfeitures for offences against the State; but shall not remit the principal or interest of any debt due the State, except in cases of fines and forfeitures; and before granting a nolle prosequi, or pardon, he shall give notice, in one or more newspapers, of the application made for it, and of the day on, or after which, his decision will be given; and in every case, in which he exercises this power, he shall report to either Branch of the Legislature, whenever required, the petitions, recommendations and reasons, which influenced his decision. Sec. 21. The Governor shall reside at the seat of government, and from and after the second Wednesday in January, 1955, shall receive for his services an annual salary of Fifteen Thousand Dollars.1 Sec. 22. A Secretary of State shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall continue in office, unless sooner removed by the Governor, till the end of the official term of the Governor from whom he received his appointment, and receive such annual salary as the General Assembly may from time to time by law prescribe.2 Sec. 23. The Secretary of State shall carefully keep and preserve a Record of all official acts and proceedings, which may at all times be inspected by a committee of either Branch of the Legislature; and he shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by Law, or as may properly belong to his office, together with all clerical duty belonging to the Executive Department. o—— ARTICLE III. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. Section 1. The Legislature shall consist of two distinct branches; a Senate, and a House of Delegates; and shall be styled the General Assembly of Maryland. 1 Thus amended by Chapter 315 of the Acts of 1953, ratified by the voters November 2, 1954. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 42 of the Acts of 1954, ratified by the voters November 2, 1954. 350 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 3, Sec. 2]

Sec. 2. The City of Baltimore shall be divided into six legislative districts as near as may be of equal population and of contiguous territory, and each of said legislative districts of Baltimore City, as they may from time to time be laid out, in accordance with the provisions hereof, and each county in the State, shall be entitled to one Senator, who shall be elected by the qualified voters of the said legislative districts of Baltimore City and of the counties of the State, respectively, and shall serve for four years from the date of his election, subject to the classification of Senators hereafter provided for.1 Sec. 3. Until the taking and publishing of the next Na- tional Census, or until the enumeration of the population of this State, under the Authority thereof, the several counties and the City of Baltimore, shall have representation in the House of Delegates, as follows: Allegany County, five Dele- gates; Anne Arundel County, three Delegates; Baltimore County, six Delegates; each of the three Legislative Dis- tricts of the City of Baltimore, six Delegates; Calvert Coun- ty, two Delegates; Caroline County, two Delegates; Carroll County, four Delegates; Cecil County, four Delegates; Charles County, two Delegates; Dorchester County, three Delegates; Frederick County, six Delegates; Harford County, four Delegates; Howard County, two Delegates; Kent County, two Delegates; Montgomery County, three Delegates; Prince George’s County, three Delegates; Queen Anne’s County, two Delegates; St. Mary’s County, two Del- egates; Somerset County, three Delegates; Talbot County, two Delegates; Washington County, five Delegates, and Worcester County, three delegates.3 Sec. 4. As soon as may be, after the taking and publishing of the National Census of 1900, or after the enumeration of the population of this State, under the authority thereof, there shall be an apportionment of representation in the House of Delegates, to be made on the following basis, to wit: Each of the several counties of the State, having a population of eighteen thousand souls or less, shall be entitled to two delegates; and every county having a population of over eighteen thousand and less than tweny- eight thousand souls, shall be entitled to three delegates; 1 Thus amended by Chapter 7, Acts of 1922, ratified November 7, 1922. 2 Under the State Census of 1940 the allotment of representation of the several counties in the House of Delegates was as follows: Allegany County, six; Anne Arundel County, six; Baltimore County, six; Calvert County, two; Caroline County, two; Carroll County, four; Cecil County, three; Charles County, two; Dorchester County, four; Frederick County, six; Garrett County, three; Harford County, four; Howard County, two; Kent County, two; Montgomery County, six ; Prince George’s County, six; Queen Anne’s County, two; Somerset County, three; St. Mary’s County, two; Talbot County, three; Washington County, six; Wicomico County, four; Worcester County, three; and Baltimore City, thirty-six Delegates. Total 123. [Art. 3, Sec. 5] MARYLAND MANUAL 351 and every county having a population of twenty-eight thousand "and less than forty thousand souls, shall be entitled to four delegates; and every county having a population of forty thousand and less than fifty-five thousand souls, shall be entitled to five delegates; and every county having a population of fifty-five thousand souls and upwards, shall be entitled to six delegates and no more; and each of the six Legislative Districts of the city of Balti- more shall be entitled to the number of delegates to which the largest county shall or may be entitled under the aforegoing apportionment, and the General Assembly shall have the power to provide by law, from time to time, for altering and changing the boundaries of the existing Legisla- tive Districts of the City of Baltimore, so as to make them as near as may be of equal population; but said district shall always consist of contiguous territory. In case the General Assembly, at the regular session of nineteen hundred and twenty-two, fails to fix the boundaries of the six legislative districts of the City of Baltimore, the Board of Supervisors of Elections of said city shall fix the boundaries of the six legislative districts, subject to the limitations contained herein, and shall give adequate notice of the same; and the boundaries so fixed shall remain until altered or changed by the General Assembly.1 Sec. 5. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 4 of this Article, the membership of the House of Delegates shall consist of one hundred and twenty-three (123) Delegates, apportioned as follows: Calvert, Caroline, Charles, Howard, Kent, Queen Anne’s, and St. Mary’s Counties, two Delegates each; Cecil, Garrett, Somerset, Talbot, and Worcester Coun- ties, three Delegates each; Carroll, Dorchester, Harford, and Wicomico Counties, four Delegates each; Allegany, Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Frederick, Montgomery, Prince George’s, and Washington Counties, and each of the six legislative districts of Baltimore City, six Delegates each.” Sec. 6. The members of the House of Delegates shall be elected by the qualified voters of the Counties, and the Leg- islative Districts of Baltimore city, respectively, to serve for two years, from the day of their election.1 Sec. 7. The first election for Senators and Delegates shall take place on the Tuesday next, after the first Monday in the month of November, eighteen hundred and sixty- seven ; and the election for Delegates, and as nearly as practicable, for one-half of the Senators, shall be held on the same day, in every second year thereafter.8 1 Thus amended by Chapter 20, Acts of 1922, ratified November 7, 1922. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 226, Acts of 1949, ratified November 7, 1950. 3 Modified by Article XVII, Sections 1 and 2. 352 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 3, Sec. 8]

1 Sec. 8. Immediately after the Senate shall have convened, after the first election, under this Constitution, the Senators shall be divided by lot, into two classes, as nearly equal in number as may be-—Senators of the first class shall go out of office at the expiration of two years, and Senators shall be elected on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of November, eighteen hundred and sixty-nine, for the term of four years, to supply their places; so that, after the first election, one-half of the Sena- tors may be chosen every second year. In case the number of Senators be hereafter increased, such classification of the additional Senators shall be made as to preserve, as nearly as may be, an equal number in each class. Sec. 9. No person shall2 eligible as a Senator or Dele- gate, who at the time of his election, is not a citizen of the State of Maryland, and who has not resided therein, for at least three years, next preceding the day of his election, and the last year thereof, in the County, or in the Legislative District of Baltimore city, which he may be chosen to represent, if such County, or Legislative District of said City shall have been so long established; and if not, then in the County or City, from which, in whole or in part, the same may have been formed; nor shall any person be eligible as a Senator, unless he shall have attained the age of twenty- five years, nor as a Delegate, unless he shall have attained the age of twenty-one years, at the time of his election. Sec. 10. No member of Congress, or person holding any civil, or military office under the United States, shall be eligible as a Senator, or Delegate; and if any person shall after his election as Senator, or Delegate, be elected to Congress, or be appointed to any office, civil or military, under the Government of the United States, his acceptance thereof, shall vacate his seat. Sec. 11. No Minister or Preacher of the Gospel, or of any religious creed, or denomination, and no person holding any civil office of profit, or trust, under this State, except Justices of the Peace, shall be eligible as Senator, or Dele- gate. Sec. 12. No Collector, Receiver or Holder of public money shall be eligible as Senator or Delegate, or to any office of profit, or trust, under this State, until he shall have accounted for, and paid into the Treasury all sums on the books thereof charged to and due by him. 1 Modified by Article XVII, Sections 1 and 2. 2 The word “be’' evidently omitted. [Art. 3, Sec. 13] MARYLAND MANUAL 353

Sec. 13. In case of death, disqualification, resignation, refusal to act, expulsion, or removal from the county or city for which he shall have been elected, of any person who shall have been chosen as a Delegate or Senator, or in case of a tie between two or more such qualified persons, the Governor shall appoint a person to fill such vacancy from a person whose name shall be submitted to him in writing by the State Central Committee of the political party with which the Delegate or Senator, so vacating, had been affiliated in the County or District from which he or she was elected, provided that the appointee shall be of the same political party as the person whose office is to be filled; and it shall be the duty of the Governor to make said appointment within fifteen days after the submission thereof to him. In the event there is no State Central Committee in the County or District from which said vacancy is to be filled, the Governor shall within fifteen days after the occurrence of such vacancy appoint a person who is otherwise properly qualified to hold the office of delegate or senator in such District or County. In every case when any person is so appointed by the Governor, his appointment shall be deemed to be for the unexpired term of the person whose office has become vacant.1 2Sec. 14. The General Assembly shall meet on the first Wednesday of January, nineteen hundred and forty-nine, and on the same day in every second year thereafter, and on the first Wednesday in February, nineteen hundred and fifty, and on the same day in every second year thereafter, and at no other time, unless convened by Proclamation of the Governor. 3Sec. 15. The General Assembly may continue its session so long as in its judgment the public interest may require, for a period not longer than ninety days in odd years and thirty days in even years; and on and after January 1, 1949, each member thereof shall receive a compensation of Eighteen Hundred Dollars ($1,800.00) per annum, payable quarterly, with a deduction of Fifteen Dol- lars (15.00) per diem for each day of unexcused absence from any session; and he shall also receive such mileage as may be allowed by law, not exceeding Twenty Cents per mile; and the presiding officers of each House shall receive an additional compensation of Two Hundred and Fifty Dollars ($250) per annum. In any of said thirty-day sessions in even years, the General Assembly shall consider 1 Thus amended by Chapter 584, Acts of 1935, ratified November 3, 1936. 2 Modified by Article XVII, Section 6. 8 Thus amended by Chapter 497, Acts of 1947. ratified November 2, 1948. 354 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 3, Sec. 16] no bills other than (1) Bills having to do with budgetary, revenue and financial matters of the State Government, (2) legislation dealing with an acute emergency, and (3) legislation in the general public welfare. When the General Assembly shall be convened by Proclamation of the Gov- ernor, the session shall not continue longer than thirty days, but an1 additional compensation other than mileage and other allowances provided by law shall be paid members of the General Assembly for special session. Sec. 16. No book, or other printed matter not appertaining to the business of the session, shall be purchased, or subscribed for, for the use of the members of the Gen- eral Assembly, or be distributed among them, at the public expense. Sec. 17. No Senator or Delegate, after qualifying as such, notwithstanding he may thereafter resign, shall during the whole period of time, for which he was elected, be eligible to any office, which shall have been created, or the salary, or profits of which shall have been increased, during such term. Sec. 18. No Senator or Delegate shall be liable in any civil action, or criminal prosecution, whatever, for words spoken in debate. Sec. 19. Each House shall be judge of the qualifications and elections of its members, as prescribed by the Consti- tution and Laws of the State; shall appoint its own officers, determine the rules of its own proceedings, punish a member for disorderly, or disrespectful behavior, and with the consent of two-thirds of its whole number of members elected, expel a member; but no member shall be expelled a second time for the same offence. Sec. 20. A majority of the whole number of members elected to each House shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties, as each House may prescribe. Sec. 21. The doors of each House, and of the Committee of the Whole, shall be open, except when the business is such as ought to be kept secret. Sec. 22. Each House shall keep a Journal of its proceedings, and cause the same to be published. The yeas and nays of members on any question, shall at the call of any 1 The word “no" evidently intended. [Art. 3, Sec. 23] MARYLAND MANUAL 355 five of them in the House of Delegates, or one in the Sen- ate, be entered on the Journal. SEC. 23. Each House may punish by imprisonment, during the session of the General Assembly, any person, not a member, for disrespectful, or disorderly behavior in its presence, or for obstructing any of its proceedings, or any of its officers in the execution of their duties; provided, such imprisonment shall not, at any one time, exceed ten days. Sec. 24. The House of Delegates may inquire, on the oath of witness, into all complaints, grievances and of- ences, as the grand inquest of the State, and may commit any person, for any crime, to the public jail, there to remain, until discharged by due course of Law. They may examine and pass all accounts of the State, relating either to the collection or expenditure of the revenue, and appoint auditors to state and adjust the same. They may call for all public, or official papers and records, and send for persons, whom they may judge necessary in the course of their inquiries, concerning affairs relating to the public interest, and may direct all office bonds which shall be made payable to "the State, to be sued for any breach thereof; and with a view to the more certain prevention, or correction of the abuses in the expenditures of the money of the State, the General Assembly shall create, at every session thereof, a Joint Standing Committee of the Senate and House of Delegates, who shall have power to send for persons, and examine them on oath, and call for Public, or Official Papers and Records; and whose duty it shall be to examine and report upon all contracts made for printing stationery, and purchases for the Public offices, and the Library, and all expenditures therein, and upon all matters of alleged abuse in expenditures, to which their attention may be called by Resolution of either House of the General Assembly. Sec. 25. Neither House shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, at any one time, nor adjourn to any other place, than that in which the House shall be sitting, without the concurrent vote of two- thirds of the members present. Sec. 26. The House of Delegates shall have the sole power of impeachment in all cases; but a majority of all the members elected must concur in the impeachment. All impeachments shall be tried by the Senate, and when sitting for that purpose, the Senators shall be on oath, or affirmation, to do justice according to the law and evi- 356 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 3, Sec. 27] dence; but no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of all the Senators elected. Sec. 27. Any bill may originate in either House of the General Assembly, and be altered, amended or rejected by the other, but no bill shall originate in either House during the last ten days of the Session unless two-thirds of the members elected thereto shall so determine by yeas and nays, nor shall any bill become a Law until it be read on three different days of the Session in each House, unless two-thirds of the members elected to the House where such bill is pending shall so determine by yeas and nays, and no bill shall be read a third time until it shall have been actually engrossed or printed for a third reading.1 Sec. 28. No bill shall become a Law unless it be passed in each House by a majority of the whole number of members elected, and on its final passage, the yeas and nays be recorded; nor shall any Resolution, requiring the action of both Houses, be passed except in the same manner. Sec. 29. The style of all Laws of this State shall be, “Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland,” and all Laws shall be passed by original bill; and every Law enacted by the General Assembly shall embrace but one subject, and that shall be described in its title; and no Law, nor section of Law, shall be revived, or amended by reference to its title, or section only; nor shall any Law be construed by reason of its title, to grant powers, or confer rights which are not expressly contained in the body of the Act; and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly, in amending any article, or section of the Code of Laws of this State, to enact the same, as the said article, or section would read when amended. And whenever the General Assembly shall enact any Public General Law, not amendatory of any section, or article in the said Code, it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact the same, in articles and sections, in the same manner, as the Code is arranged, and to provide for the publication of all additions and alterations, which may be made to the said Code. Sec. 30. Every bill, when passed by the General As- sembly, and sealed with the Great Seal, shall be presented to the Governor, who, if he approves it, shall sign the same in the presence of the presiding officers and Chief Clerks of the Senate and House of Delegates. Every Law shall be recorded in the office of the Court of Appeals, and in due time, be printed, published and certified under the Great Seal, to 1 Thus amended by Chapter 497, Acts of 1912, ratified November 4, 1913. [Art. 3, Sec. 31] MARYLAND MANUAL 357 the several Courts, in the same manner as has been heretofore usual in this State. Sec. 31. No Law passed by the General Assembly shall take effect, until the first day of June, next after the Session at which it may be passed, unless it be otherwise expressly declared therein. Sec. 32. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury of the State, by any order or resolution, nor except in accordance with an appropriation by Law; and every such Law shall distinctly specify the sum appropriated, and the object, to which it shall be applied; provided, that nothing herein contained, shall prevent the General Assembly from placing a contingent fund at the disposal of the Executive, who shall report to the General Assembly, at each Session, the amount expended, and the purposes to which it was applied. An accurate statement of the receipts and expenditures of the public money, shall be attached to, and published with the Laws, after each regular Session of the General Assembly. Sec. 33. The General Assembly shall not pass local or special Laws, in any of the following enumerated cases, viz.: For extending the time for the collection of taxes; granting divorces; changing the name of any person; providing for the sale of real estate, belonging to minors, or other persons laboring under legal disabilities, by executors, administrators, guardians or trustees; giving effect to informal, or invalid deeds or wills; refunding money paid into the State Treasury, or releasing persons from their debts, or obligations to the State, unless recommended by the Governor, or officers of the Treasury Department. And the General As- sembly shall pass no special Law, for any case, for which provision has been made by an existing General Law. The General Assembly, at its first Session after the adoption of this Constitution, shall pass General Laws, providing for the cases enumerated in this section, which are not already adequately provided for, and for all other cases, where a General Law can be made applicable. Sec. 34. No debt shall be hereafter contracted by the General Assembly unless such debt shall be authorized by a law providing for the collection of an annual tax or taxes sufficient to pay the interest on such debt as it falls due, and also to discharge the principal thereof within fifteen years from the time of contracting the same; and the taxes laid for this purpose shall not be repealed or applied to any other object until the said debt and interest thereon shall be fully discharged. The credit of the State 358 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 3, Sec. 35] shall not in any manner be given, or loaned to, or in aid of any individual association or corporation; nor shall the General Assembly have the power in any mode to involve the State in the construction of works of internal improvement nor in granting any aid thereto which shall involve the faith or credit of the State; nor make any appropriation therefor, except in aid of the Construction of works of internal improvements in the counties of St. Mary’s, Charles and Calvert, which have had no direct advantage from such works as have been heretofore aided by the State; and provided that such aid, advances or appropriations shall not exceed in the aggregate the sum of five hundred thousand dollars. And they shall not use or appropriate the proceeds of the internal improvement companies, or of the State tax, now levied, or which may hereafter be levied, to pay off the public debt (or)1 to any other purpose until the interest and debt are fully paid or the sinking fund shall be equal to the amount of the outstanding debt; but the General As- sembly may, without laying a tax, borrow an amount never to exceed fifty thousand dollars to meet temporary defici- encies in the Treasury, and may contract debts to any amount that may be necessary for the defence of the State. And provided further that nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the raising of funds for the purpose of aiding or compensating in such manner or way as the General Assembly of the State shall deem proper, those citizens of the State who have served, with honor, their Country and State in time of War; provided, however, that such action of the General Assembly shall be effective only when submitted to and approved by a vote of the people of the State at the General Election next following the enactment of such legislation.2 Sec. 35. No extra compensation shall be granted, or allowed, by the General Assembly, to any Public Officer, Agent, Servant or Contractor, after the service shall have been rendered, or the contract entered into; nor shall the salary, or compensation of any public officer be increased, or diminished during his term of office. Sec. 35A. Nothing in this Constitution shall exempt the salary or compensation of any judge or other public officer from the imposition by the General Assembly of a non- discriminatory tax upon income.3 Sec. 36. No Lottery grant shall ever hereafter be authorized by the General Assembly. 1 Written thus in Chapter 327 of 1924. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 327, Acts of 1924, ratified Nov. 4, 1924. 3 Thus added by Chapter 771, Acts of 1939, ratified Nov. 5, 1940. [Art. 3, Sec. 37] MARYLAND MANUAL 359

Sec. 37. The General Assembly shall pass no Law providing for payment by this State, for Slaves emancipated from servitude in this State; but_ they shall adopt such measures, as they may deem expedient, to obtain from the United States, compensation for such Slaves, and to receive, and distribute the same, equitably, to the persons entitled. Sec. 38. No person shall be imprisoned for debt, but a valid decree of a court of competent jurisdiction or agreement approved by decree of said court for the support of a wife or dependent children, or for alimony, shall not constitute a debt within the meaning of this section.1 Sec. 39. The books, papers and accounts of all banks shall be open to inspection under such regulations as may be prescribed by law.2 Sec. 40. The General Assembly shall enact no Law authorizing private property to be taken for public use without just compensation, as agreed upon between the parties, or awarded by a jury, being first paid, or tendered to the party, entitled to such compensation. Sec. 40A. The General Assembly shall enact no law authorizing private property to be taken for public use without just compensation, to be agreed upon between the parties, or awarded by a jury, being first paid or tendered to the party entitled to such compensation, but where such property is situated in Baltimore City and is desired by this State or by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of ap- praisers by a Court of Record to value such property, and that, upon payment3 the amount of such valuation to the party entitled to compensation, or into Court and securing the payment of any further sum that may be awarded by a jury, such property may be taken.4 Sec. 40B. The General Assembly shall enact no law authorizing private property to be taken for public use without just compensation, to be agreed upon between the parties or awarded by a jury, being first paid or tendered to the party entitled to such compensation, except that where such property in the judgement of the State Roads Commis- sion is needed by the State for highway purposes ( the Gen- eral Assembly may provide that such property may be taken immediately upon payment therefor to the owner or owners thereof by said State Roads Commission or into 1 Thus amended by Chapter 14, Acts of 1950, ratified Nov. 7, 1950. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 151, Acts of Sp. Sess. of 1936, ratified Nov. 3, 1936. 3 The word “of” evidently omitted. 4 Added by Chapter 402, Acts of 1912, ratified Nov. 4, 1913. 360 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 3, Sec. 41]

Court, such amount as said State Roads Commission shall estimate to be of the fair value of said property, provided such legislation also requires the payment of any further sum that may subsequently be awarded by a jury.1 Sec. 41. Any citizen of this State, who shall after the adoption of this Constitution, either in, or out of this State, fight a duel with deadly weapons, or send, or accept a challenge so to do, or who shall act as a second, or knowingly aid or assist in any manner, those offending, shall, ever thereafter, be incapable of holding any office of profit or trust, under this State, unless relieved from the disability by an act of the Legislature. Sec. 42. The General Assembly shall pass Laws necessary for the preservation of the purity of Elections. SEC. 43. The property of the wife shall be protected from the debts of her husband. SEC. 44. Laws shall be passed by the General Assembly, to protect from execution a reasonable amount of the property of the debtor, not exceeding in value, the sum of five hundred dollars. Sec. 45. The General Assembly shall provide a simple and uniform system of charges in the offices of Clerks of Courts and Registers of Wills, in the Counties of this State and the City of Baltimore, and for the collection thereof; provided, the amount of compensation to any of the said officers in the various Counties and in the City of Balti- more shall be such as may be prescribed by law.2 Sec. 46. The General Assembly shall have power to receive from the United States, any grant, or donation of land, money, or securities for any purpose designated by the United States, and shall administer, or distribute the same according to the conditions of the said grant. Sec. 47. The General Assembly shall make provisions for all cases of contested elections of any of the officers, not herein provided for. Sec. 48. Corporations may be formed under general laws, but shall not be created by Special Act, except for municipal purposes and except in cases where no general laws exist, providing for the creation of corporations of the same general character, as the corporation proposed to be created; and any act of incorporation passed in violation of 1 Added by Chapter 607, Acts of 1941, ratified Nov. 3, 1942. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 509, Acts of 1941, ratified Nov. 3, 1942. [Art. 3, Sec. 49] MARYLAND MANUAL 361 this section shall be void. All charters granted, or adopted in pursuance of this section, and all charters heretofore granted and created, subject to repeal or modification, may be altered from time to time, or be repealed; provided, nothing herein contained shall be construed to extend to Banks or the incorporation thereof. The General Assembly shall not alter or amend the charter of any corporation existing at the time of the adoption of this Article, or pass any other general or special law for the benefit of such corporation, except upon the condition that such corporation shall surrender all claim to exemption from taxation or from the repeal or modification of its charter, and that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution; and any corporation chartered by this State which shall accept, use, enjoy, or in any wise avail itself of any rights, privileges, or advan- tages that may hereafter be granted or conferred by any general or special Act, shall be conclusively presumed to have thereby surrendered any exemption from taxation to which it may be entitled under its charter, and shall be thereafter subject to taxation as if no such exemption has been granted by its charter.1 Sec. 49. The General Assembly shall have power to regulate by Law, not inconsistent with this Constitution, all matters which relate to the Judges of election, time, place and manner of holding elections in this State, and of making returns thereof. Sec. 50. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly, at its first session, held after the adoption of this Constitu- tion, to provide by Law for the punishment, by fine, or imprisonment in the Penitentiary, or both, in the discretion of the Court, of any person, who shall bribe, or attempt to bribe, any Executive, or Judicial officer of the State of Maryland, or any member, or officer, of the General Assem- bly of the State of Maryland, or of any Muncipal corporation in the State of Maryland, or any Executive officer of such corporation, in order to influence him in the performance of any of his official duties; and also, to provide by Law for the punishment, by fine, or imprisonment in the Penitentiary, or both, in the discretion of the Court, of any of said officers, or members, who shall demand, or receive any bribe, fee, reward, or testimonial, for the performance of his official duties, or for neglecting, or failing to perform the same; and also, to provide by Law for compelling any person, so bribing, or attempting to bribe, or so demanding, 1 Thus amended by Chapter 195, Acts of 1890, ratified November 3, 1891. 362 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 3, Sec. 61] or receiving a bribe, fee, reward, or testimonial, to testify against any person, or persons, who may have committed of any said offenses; provided, that any person, so compelled to testify shall be exempted from trial and punishment for the offence, of which he may have been guilty; and any person, convicted of such offense, shall, as part of the punishment thereof, be forever disfranchised and disqualified from holding any office of trust, or profit, in this State. Sec. 51. The personal property of residents of this State, shall be subject to taxation in the County or City where the resident bona fide resides for the greater part of the year for which the tax may or shall be levied, and not elsewhere, except goods and chattels permanently located, which shall be taxed in the City or County where they are so located, but the General Assembly may by law provide for the taxation of mortgages upon property in this State and the debts secured thereby, in the County or City where such property is situated.1 2Sec. 52. (1) The General Assembly shall not appropriate any money out of the Treasury except in accordance with the provisions of this section. (2) Every appropriation bill shall be either a Budget Bill, or a Supplementary Appropriation Bill, as hereinafter provided. (3) Within twenty days after the convening of the Gen- eral Assembly in odd-numbered years (except in the case of a newly elected Governor, and then within thirty days after his inauguration), unless such time shall be extended by the General Assembly, and on the first Wednesday in February in even-numbered years, the Governor shall submit to the General Assembly a Budget for the next ensuing fiscal year. Each Budget shall contain a complete plan of proposed expenditures and estimated revenues for said fiscal year and shall show the estimated surplus or deficit of revenues at the end of the preceding fiscal year. Accom- panying each Budget shall be a statement showing: (a) the revenues and expenditures for the preceding fiscal year; (b) the current assets, liabilities, reserves and surplus or deficit of the State; (c) the debts and funds of the State; (d) an estimate of the State’s financial condition as of the beginning and end of the preceding fiscal year; (e) any explanation the Governor may desire to make as to the important features of the Budget and any suggestions as to methods for reduction or increase of the State’s revenues. 1 Thus amended by Chapter 426, Acts of 1890, ratified November 3, 1891. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 497, Acts of 1947, ratified November 2, 1948. [Art. 3, Sec. 52] MARYLAND MANUAL dfa3

(4) Each Budget shall embrace an estimate of all appropriations in such form and detail as the Governor shall determine or as may be prescribed by law, as follows: (a) for the General Assembly as certified to the Governor m the manner hereinafter provided; (b) for the Executive Department; (c) for the Judiciary Department, as Pro" vided by law, certified by the Comptroller; (d) to pay and discharge the principal and interest of the^ debt of the State in conformity with Section 34 of Article 3 of the Constitution, and all laws enacted in pursuance thereof; (e) for the salaries payable by the State under the_Consti- tution and laws of the State; (f) for the establishment and maintenance throughout the State of a thorough and efficient svstem of public schools in conformity with Article 8 of the Constitution and with the laws of the State; (g) for such other purposes as are set forth in the Constitu- tion or laws of the State.1 (5) The Governor shall deliver to the presiding officer of each House the Budget and a bill for all the proposed appropriations of the Budget classified and in such form and detail as he shall determine or as may be prescribed by law; and the presiding officer of each House shall promptly cause said bill to be introduced therein, and such bill shall be known as the “Budget Bill.” The Governor may, with the consent of the General Assembly, before final action thereon by the General Assembly, amend or supplement said Budget to correct an oversight, provide funds contingent on passage of pending legislation or, in case of an emergency, by delivering such an amendment or supplement to the presiding officers of both Houses: and such amendment or supplement shall thereby become a part of said Budget Bill as an addition to the items of said bill or_ as a modification of or a substitute for any item of said bill such amendment or supplement may affect.1 (6) The General Assembly shall not amend the Budget Bill so as to affect either the obligations of the State under Section 34 of Article 3 of the Constitution, or the provisions made by the laws of the State for the establishment and maintenance of a system of public schools or the payment of any salaries required to be paid by the State of Maryland by the Constitution thereof; and the General Assembly may amend the bill by increasing or diminishing the items therein relating to the General Assembly, and by increasing the items therein relating to the judiciary, but except as hereinbefore specified, may not alter the said bill except to 1 Thus amended by Chapter 20, Acts of 1952, ratified November 4, 1952. 364 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 3, Sec. 52]

strike out or reduce items therein, provided, however, that the salary or compensation of any public officer shall not be decreased during his term of office; and such bill, when and as passed by both Houses, shall be a law immediately without further action by the Governor. (7) The Governor and such representatives of the executive departments, boards, officers and commissions of the State expending or applying for State’s moneys, as have been designated by the Governor for this purpose, shall have the right, and when requested by either House of the General Assembly, it shall be their duty to appear and be heard with respect to any Budget Bill during the consideration thereof, and to answer inquiries relative thereto. (8) Supplementary Appropriation Bill. Neither House shall consider other appropriations until the Budget Bill has been finally acted upon by both Houses, and no such other appropriation shall be valid except in accordance with the provisions following: (a) Every such appropriation shall be embodied in a separate bill limited to some single works, object or purpose therein stated and called herein a Supplementary Appropriation Bill; (b) Each Supplemen- tary Appropriation Bill shall provide the revenue necessary to pay the appropriation thereby made1 a tax, direct or indirect, to be levied and collected as shall be directed in said bill; (c) No Supplementary Appropriation Bill shall become a law unless it be passed in each House by a vote of a majority of the whole number of the members elected, and the yeas and nays recorded on its final passage; (d) Each Supplementary Appropriation Bill shall be presented to the Governor of the State as provided in Section 17 of Article 2 of the Constitution and thereafter all the provisions of said section shall apply. (9) Nothing in this section shall be construed as preventing the General Assembly from passing at any time, in accordance with the provisions of Section 28 of Article 3 of the Constitution and subject to the Governor’s power of approval as provided in Section 17 of Article 2 of the Constitution, an appropriation bill to provide for the payment of any obligation of the State within the protection of Section 10 of Article 1 of the Constitution of the United States. (10) If the Budget Bill shall not have been finally acted upon by the Legislature three days before the expiration of its regular session, the Governor may, and it shall be his 1 The word “by” apparently omitted. [Art. 3, Sec. 52] MARYLAND MANUAL 365 duty to issue a proclamation extending the session for some further period as may, in his judgment, be necessary for the passage of such bill; but no other matter than such bill shall be considered during such extended session except a provision for the cost thereof. (11) The Governor for the purpose of making up his Budget shall have the power, and it shall be his duty, to require from the proper State officials, including herein all executive departments, all executive and administrative offices, bureaus, boards, commissions and agencies, expending or supervising the expenditure of, and all institutions applying for State moneys and appropriations, such itemized estimates and other information, in such form and at such times as he shall direct. The estimates for the Legisla- tive Department, certified by the presiding officer of each House, of the Judiciary, as provided by law, certified by the Comptroller, and for the public schools, as provided by law, shall be transmitted to the Governor, in such form and at such times as he shall direct, and shall be included in the Budget without revision. (12) The Governor may provide for public hearings on all estimates and may require the attendance at such hearings of representatives of all agencies, and for all institutions applying for State mnoeys. After such public hearings he may, in his discretion, revise all estimates except those for the legislative and judiciary departments, and for the public schools, as provided by law. (13) The General Assembly may, from time to time, enact such laws not inconsistent with this section, as may be necessary and proper to carry out its provisions. (14) In the event of any inconsistency between any of the provisions of this Section and any of the other provisions of the Constitution, the provisions of this Section shall prevail. But nothing herein shall in any manner affect the provisions of Section 34 of Article 3 of the Constitution or of any laws heretofore or hereafter passed in pursuance thereof, or be construed as preventing the Governor from calling extraordinary sessions of the General Assembly, as provided by Section 16 of Article 2, or as preventing the General Assembly at such extraordinary sessions from con- sidering any emergency appropriation or appropriations. (15) If any item of any appropriation bill passed under the provisions of this Section shall be held invalid upon any ground, such invalidity shall not affect the legality of the bill or of any other item of such bill or bills. 366 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 3, Sec. 53]

Sec. 53. No person shall be incompetent, as a witness, on account of race or color, unless hereafter so declared by Act of the General Assembly. Sec. 54. No County of this State shall contract any debt, or obligation, in the construction of any Railroad, Canal, or other Work of Internal Improvement, nor give, or loan its credit to, or in aid of any association, or corporation, unless authorized by an Act of the General Assembly, which shall be published for two months before the next election for members of the House of Delegates in the newspapers published in such County, and shall also be approved by a majority of all the members elected to each House of the Gen- eral Assembly at its next session after said election. Sec. 55. The General Assembly shall pass no Law suspending the privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus. Sec. 56. The General Assembly shall have power to pass all such Laws as may be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the powers vested, by this Constitution, in any Department, or office of the Government, and the duties imposed upon them thereby. Sec. 57. The Legal Rate of Interest shall be Six per cent per annum, unless otherwise provided by the General As- sembly. Sec. 58. The Legislature at its first session after the ratification of this Constitution, shall provide by Law for State and municipal taxation upon the revenues accruing from business done in the State by all foreign corporations. SEC. 59. The office of “State Pension Commissioner” is hereby abolished; and the Legislature shall pass no law creating such office, or establishing any general pension system within this State. ^EC. 60. The General Assembly of Maryland shall have the power to provide by suitable general enactment (a) for the suspension of sentence by the Court in criminal cases; (b) for any form of the indeterminate sentence in criminal cases, and (c) for the release upon parole in whatever manner the General Assembly may prescribe, of convicts imprisoned under sentence for crimes. 1 Added by Chapter 453, Acts of 1914, ratified November 2, 1915. [Art. 4, Sec. 1] MARYLAND MANUAL 367

~~ARTICLE IV.~~

~~JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT.~~

Part 1.—General Provisions. Section 1. The Judicial power of this State shall be vested in a Court of Appeals, Circuit Courts, Orphans’ Courts, such Courts for the city of Baltimore as are hereinafter provided for, and Justices of the Peace; all said Courts shall be Courts of Record, and each shall have a seal to be used in the authentication of all process issuing therefrom. The process and official character of Justices of the Peace shall be authenticated as hath heretofore been practiced in this State, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law. Sec. 2. The Judges of all of the said Courts shall be citizens of the State of Maryland, and qualified voters under this Constitution, and shall have resided therein not less than five years, and not less than six months next preceding their election, or appointment, in the Judicial Circuit, as the case may be, for which they may be, respectively, elected, or appointed. They shall be not less than thirty years of age at the time of their election, or appointment, and shall be selected from those who have been admitted to practice Law in this State, and who are most distinguished for integrity, wisdom and sound legal knowledge. Sec. 3. The Judges of the said several Courts shall be elected in the Counties by the qualified voters in their respective Judicial Circuits as hereinafter provided, and in the City of Baltimore, at the general election to be held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, as now provided for in the Constitution. Each of the said Judges shall hold his office for the term of fifteen years from the time of his election, and until his successor is elected and qualified, or until he shall have attained the age of seventy years, whichever may first happen, and be re-eligible there- to until he shall have attained the age of seventy years, and not after. Provided, however, that any judge whose term has been extended beyond the age of seventy years by the General Assembly prior to April 7, 1931, shall be permitted to continue in office in accordance with the resolution of the General Assembly in each case. In case of the inability of any of said Judges to discharge his duties with efficiency, by reason of continued sickness, or of physical or mental 368 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 4] infirmity, it shall be in the power of the General Assembly, two thirds of the members of each House concurring, with the approval of the Governor, to retire said Judge from office.1 Sec. 4. Any Judge shall be removed from office by the Governor, on conviction in a Court of Law, of incompetency, of wilful neglect of duty, misbehavior in office, or any other crime, or on impeachment, according to this Constitution, or the Laws of the State; or on the address of the General Assembly, two-thirds of each House concurring in such address, and the accused having been notified of the charges against him, and having had opportunity of making his defence. Sec. 5. Upon every occurrence or recurrence of a vacancy through death, resignation, removal, disqualification by reason of age or otherwise, or expiration of the term of fifteen years of any judge, or creation of the office of any judge, or in any other way, the Governor shall appoint a person duly qualified to fill said office, who shall hold the same until the election and qualification of his successor; except that when a vacancy shall exist in the office of Chief Judge of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, the Gover- nor may designate an Associate Judge of said Supreme Bench as Chief Judge of said Supreme Bench, and such appointee as Chief Judge shall hold such office for the residue of the term for which he was last elected an Asso- ciate Judge of said Supreme Bench. His successor shall be elected at the first biennial general election for Representa- tives in Congress after the expiration of the term of fifteen years (if the vacancy occurred in that way) or the first such general election after one year after the occurrence of the vacancy in any other way than through expiration of such term. Except in case of reappointment of a judge upon expiration of his term of fifteen years, no person shall be appointed who will become disqualified by reason of age and thereby unable to continue to hold office until the prescribed time when his successor would have been elected.2 Sec. 6. All Judges shall, by virtue of their offices, be Conservators of the Peace throughout the State; and no fees, or perquisites, commission, or reward of any kind, shall be allowed to any Judge in this State, besides his annual salary, for the discharge of any Judicial duty. Sec. 7. No Judge shall sit in any case wherein he may be interested, or where either of the parties may be con- 1 Thus amended by Chapter 479, Acts of 1931, ratified November 8, 1932. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 703, Acts of 1945, ratified November 5, 1946. [Art. 4, Sec. 8] MARYLAND MANUAL 369 nected with him, by affinity or consanguinity, within such degrees as now are, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law, or where he shall have been of counsel in the case. Sec. 8. The parties to any cause may submit the same to the Court for determination without the aid of a jury and in all suits or actions at law issues from the Orphans’ Court, or from any court sitting in equity, and in all cases of Presentments or indictments for offences, which are or may be punishable by death, pending in any of the courts of law of this State having jurisdiction thereof, upon suggestion m writing under oath of either of the parties to said proceedings that such party cannot have a fair and impartial trial in the court in which the same may be pending, the said court shall order and direct the record of proceedings in such suit or action, issue, presentment, or indictment, to be transmitted to some other court having jurisdiction in such case for trial, but in all other cases of presentment or indictment, pending in any of the Courts of law in this State having jurisdiction thereof, in addition to the suggestion in writing of either of the parties to such presentment or indictment that such party cannot have a fair and impartial trial in the court in which the same may be pending, it shall be necessary for the party making such suggestion to make it satisfactorily appear to the Court that such suggestion is true, or that there is reasonable ground for the same, and thereupon the said court shall order and direct the record of proceedings in such presentment or indictment to be transmitted to some other Court having jurisdiction in such cases for trial and such right of removal shall exist upon suggestion in cases when all the Judges of said Court may be disqualified under the provisions of this Constitu- tion to sit in any such case and said Court to which the record of proceedings in such suit, or action, issue, presentment or indictment may be so transmitted shall hear and determine the same in like manner as if such suit or action, issue, presentment or indictment had been originally instituted therein, and the General Assembly shall make such modification of existing law as may be necessary to regulate and give force to this provision.1 Sec. 9. The Judge, or Judges of any Court, may appoint such officers for their respective Courts as may be found necessary; and such officers of the Courts in the City of Baltimore shall be appointed by the Judges of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore city. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to prescribe, by Law, a fixed compensation for all 1 Thus amended by Chapter 364, Acts of 1874, ratified November 2, 1875. 370 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 10]

such officers; and said Judge or Judges shall, from time to time, investigate the expenses, costs and charges of their respective courts, with a view to a change or reduction thereof, and report the result of such investigation to the General Assembly for its action. Sec. 10. The Clerks of the several Courts, created, or continued by this Constitution, shall have charge and custody of the records and other papers, shall perform all the duties, and be allowed the fees, which appertain to their several offices, as the same now are, or may hereafter be regulated by Law. And the office and business of said Clerks, in all their departments, shall be subject to the visitorial power of the Judges of their respective Courts, who shall exercise the same, from time to time, so as to insure the faithful performance of the duties of said officers; and it shall be the duty of the Judges of said Courts respectively, to make, from time to time, such rules and regulations as may be necessary and proper for the government of said Clerks, and for the performance of the duties of their offices, which shall have the force of Law until repealed or modified by the General Assembly. Sec. 11. The election for Judges, hereinbefore provided, and all elections for Clerks, Registers of Wills, and other officers, provided in this Constitution, except State’s Attor- neys, shall be certified, and the returns made, by the Clerks of the_ Circuit Courts of the Counties, and the Clerk of the Superior Court of Baltimore city, respectively, to the Gov- ernor, who shall issue commissions to the different persons for the offices to which they shall have been, respectively, elected; and in all such elections, the person having the greatest number of votes shall be declared to be elected. Sec. 12. If in any case of election for Judges, Clerks of the Courts of Law and Register of Wills, the opposing candidates shall have an equal number of votes, it shall be the duty of the Governor to order a new election; and in case of any contested election, the Governor shall send the returns to the House of Delegates, which shall judge of the election and qualification of the candidates at such election; and if the judgement shall be against the one who has been returned elected, or the one who has been commissioned by the Governor, the House of Delegates shall order a new election within thirty days. Sec. 13. All Public Commissions and Grants shall run thus: “The State of Maryland, etc.,” and shall be signed by the Governor, with the Seal of the State annexed; all writs 371 [Art. 4, Sec. 13A] MARYLAND MANUAL and process shall run in the same style, and be tested, se^je^ and signed, as heretofore, or as may hereafter be, provided by Law; and all indictments shall conclude, against the peace, government and dignity of the State.” "SEC. 13A. The General Assembly shall provide by Gen- eral Law for the assignment by the Court of Appeals of any of the Chief Judges and any of the Associate Judges of the several Judicial Circuits of this State, including any Judge of the Court of Appeals from Baltimore City, and any ot the Judges of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore, to sit in any other or different Judicial Circuits for designated and limited periods, for the purpose of relieving accumulation of business or because of the indisposition or disqualification ot any judge. And any judge so assigned by the Court of Ap- peals shall have all the power and authority pertaining to the judge of the court to which he is assigned.

Part II—Court of Appeals. Sec. 14. Until January 1, 1945, the Court of Appeals shall be composed of the Judges in office on November 7, 1944. From and after January 1, 1945, the Court of Ap- peals shall be composed of five Judges, two from the City of Baltimore; one from the First Appellate Judicial Cir- cuit, consisting of Cecil, Kent, Queen Anne’s, Caroline, Tal- bot, Dorchester, Wicomico, Worcester and Somerset Coun- ties; one from the Second Appellate Judicial Circuit, consisting of Harford, Baltimore, Anne Arundel, Prince George’s, Charles, Calvert and St. Mary’s Counties; and one from the Third Appellate Judicial Circuit, consisting of Carroll, Howard, Montgomery, Frederick, Washington, Allegany and Garrett Counties; and during the continuance in office of Judges who were in office before January 1, 1945, not exceeding three additional Judges._ The City of Baltimore shall, for the purposes of this section, be designated as the Fourth Appellate Judicial Circuit. The additional Judge from the Fourth Appellate Judicial Circuit shall be appointed by the Governor to serve until the election and qualification of his successor, as provided by Sec- tion 5 of this Article. Except as to such additional Judge, the Judges of said Court, in the first instance, shall be appointed by the Governor from their respective Appellate Judicial Circuits, but such appointments shall be made from among the elected Judges composing the Court of Appeals as of December 31, 1944. If, on December 31, 1944, there are no elected members of the Court of Appeals from any 1 Added by Chapter 796, Acts of 1943, ratified Nov. 7, 1944. 372 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 14]

Appellate Judicial Circuit, the Governor shall designate the member of the Court of Appeals from that Appellate Ju- dicial Circuit from among the appointed members of the Court of Appeals from that Appellate Judicial Circuit. If any Judge so appointed shall be a member of the Court of Appeals as of December 31, 1944, by virtue of having been elected to that office, his appointment shall be for the balance of the term for which he had theretofore been elected. The Judges so appointed from the First, Second, and Third Appellate Judicial Circuits shall cease to be Chief Judges of their respective Circuits. Any elected Judges from Cir- cuits, except the Eighth Circuit, in office on December 31, 1944, other than the three designated by the Governor as Judges of the Court of Appeals, shall be additional Judges of the Court of Appeals and shall continue to be Chief Judge of their respective Circuits and shall hold office for the residue of the terms for which they were elected. No successor to any such additional Judge shall be appointed or elected as Judge of the Court of Appeals or (except as provided in Section 21 of this Article) as Judge of his Cir- cuit, but any such additional Judges shall be eligible to appointment as the member of the Court of Appeals from his respective Appelate Judicial Circuit. Any vacancy in any Appellate Judicial Circuit shall be filled by designation by the Governor of one of the additional Judges from such Appellate Judicial Circuit, if any, to hold office for the residue of the term for which he was originally elected. Upon his appointment or designation as a member of the Court of Appeals from his Appellate Judicial Circuit, such additional Judge shall cease to be the Chief Judge of his Circuit. The Judges of the Court of Appeals shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective Appellate Judicial Cir- cuits, their terms to begin on the date of their qualification. One of the judges of the Court of Appeals shall be designated by the Governor as the Chief Judge. The jurisdiction of the Court of Appeals shall be co-extensive with the limits of the State and such as now is or may hereafter be prescribed by law. It shall hold its sessions in the City of An- napolis on the second Monday in January in the year 1945, and thereafter at such time or times as it shall from time to time by rule prescribe. Its session or sessions shall continue not less than ten months in each year, if the business before it shall so require, and it shall be comnetent for the judges temporarily to transfer their sittings elsewhere upon sufficient cause. The salary of each judge of the Court of Appeals shall be that now or hereafter prescribed by the General Assembly and shall not be diminished during his continuance in office. When the number of judges shall have [Art. 4, Sec. 15] MARYLAND MANUAL 373 become reduced to five, three of the judges shall constitute a quorum, and the concurrence of a majority of a quorum shall be sufficient for the decision of any cause.1 Sec. 15. Four of said Judges shall constitute a quorum; no cause shall be decided without the concurrenec of at least three; but the Judge who heard the cause below, shall not participate in the decision; in every case an opinion, in writing, shall be filed within three months after the argu- ment, or submission of the cause; and the judgment of the Court shall be final and conclusive; and all cases shall stand for hearing at the first term after the transmission of the Record. Sec. 16. Provision shall be made by Law for publishing Reports of all causes, argued and determined in the Court of Appeals, which the Judges shall designate as proper for publication. Sec. 17. There shall be a Clerk of the Court of Appeals, who, after the expiration of the current term of the present incumbent, shall be appointed by and shall hold his office at the pleasure of said Court of Appeals.2 Sec. 18. It shall be the duty of the Judges of the Court of Appeals, as soon after their election, under this Consti- tution, as practicable, to make and publish rules and regulations for the prosecution of appeals to said appellate Court, whereby they shall prescribe the periods within which appeals may be taken, what part or parts of the proceedings in the Court below shall constitute the record of appeal, and the manner in which such appeals shall be brought to hearing or determination, and shall regulate, generally, the practice of said Court of Appeals, so as to prevent delays, and promote brevity in all records and proceedings brought into said Court, and to abolish and avoid all unnecessary costs and expenses in the prosecution of appeals therein; and the said Judges shall make such reduction in the fees and expenses of the said Court as they may deem advisable. It shall also be the duty of said Judges of the Court of Appeals, as soon after their election as practicable, to devise, and promulgate by rules, or orders, forms and modes of framing and filing bills, answers, and other proceedings and pleadings in Equity; and also forms and modes of taking and obtaining evidence, to be used in Equity cases; and to revise and regulate, generally, the practice in the Courts of Equity of this State, so as to prevent delays, and to 1 Thus amended by Chapter 772, Acts of 1943, ratified November 7, 1944. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 40, Acts of 1939, ratified November 5, 1940. 374 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 18A]

promote brevity and conciseness in all pleadings and proceedings therein, and to abolish all unnecessary costs and expenses attending the same. And all rules and regulations hereby directed to be made, shall, when made, have the force of Law, until rescinded, changed, or modified by the said Judges, or the General Assembly. ’Sec. 18A. The Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals shall be the administrative head of the judicial system of the State. He shall from time to time require, from each of the judges of the Circuit Courts for the several counties and of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, reports as to the judicial work and business of each of the judges and their respective courts. He may, in case of a vacancy or of illness, disqualification or other absence of one or more judges of the Court of Appeals, designate any judge of any of the Circuit Courts for the counties or of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City to sit in any case or for a specified period as a judge of the Court of Appeals in lieu of a judge of that court, and may designate, to sit as a judge of the Circuit Court for any county or of any Court or Courts of Baltimore City, either alone or with one or more other judges, in any case or for a specified period, any judge of the Court of Appeals or of any other Circuit Court or of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City. In the absence of the Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals the provisions of this Section shall be applicable to the senior judge present. The powers of the Chief Judge under the aforegoing provisions of this section shall be subject to such rules and regulations, if any, as the Court of Appeals may make. The Court of Appeals from time to time shall make rules and regulations to regulate and revise the practice and procedure in that Court and in the other courts of this State, which shall have the force of law until rescinded, changed or modified by the Court of Appeals or otherwise by law. The power of the courts other than the Court of Appeals to make rules of practice and procedure shall be subject to the rules and regulations prescribed by the Court of Appeals or otherwise by law.

Part III—Circuit Courts. Sec. 19. The State shall be divided into eight Judicial Circuits, in manner following, viz.: The Counties of Wor- cester, Somerset, and Dorchester2, shall constitute the First 1 Thus amended by Chapter 772, Acts of 1943, ratified November 7, 1944. 2 Wicomico County has been formed since the adoption of this Constitution from Worcester and Somerset Counties. Section 5 of Article 13 of this Constitution puts it in the First Judicial Circuit. [Art. 4, Sec. 20] MARYLAND MANUAL 375

Circuit, the Counties of Caroline, Talbot, Queen Anne’s, Kent and Cecil, the Second; the Counties of Baltimore and Harford, the Third; the Counties of Allegany and Washing- ton1, the Fourth; the Counties of Carroll, Howard and Anne Arundel, the Fifth; the Counties of Montgomery and Fred- erick, the Sixth; the Counties of Prince George’s, Charles, Calvert and St. Mary’s, the Seventh; and Baltimore City, the Eighth. Sec. 20. A Court shall be held in each County of the State, to be styled the Circuit Court for the County in which it may be held. The said Circuit Courts shall have and exercise, in the respective counties, all the power, authority and jurisdiction, original and appellate, which the present Circuit Courts of this State now have and exercise, or which may hereafter be prescribed by Law. Sec. 21. From and after January 1, 1955, there shall be in the third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh circuits at least one judge for each county, who shall be a resident of the county in which he shall hold office, and who shall be elected by the voters thereof, to be styled judges of the Circuit Court, to be elected or appointed as herein provided. The number of judges for any of the circuits or for any of the counties may be increased or decreased by the General Assembly from time to time, and any vacancy so created shall be filled as provided in Section 5 of this Article except that in the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh judicial circuits there shall never be less than one judge for each county and2 all of the circuits there shall never be less than three for each circuit. The senior judge in length of service shall be the chief judge of the circuit; the other judge or judges shall be associate judges. In the first and second judicial circuits no two of said judges of the Circuit Court shall at the time of their election or appointment, or during the term for which they may have been elected or appointed, reside in any one county. In the first and second judicial circuits, in case any candidate or candidates for judge at any election shall receive sufficient votes to cause such candidate or candidates to be declared elected, but the election of such candidate or candidates would cause more judges than herein permitted to reside in any county of the circuit, then and in that event there shall be declared elected only that candidate or those candidates residing in said county, in the order of the votes received, whose election would provide the permitted number of judges from said county, 1 Garrett County has been formed since the adoption of this Constitution, from Allegany County. 2 The word “in” probably omitted. 376 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 21]

and also the candidate or candidates residing in some other county, and not similarly disqualified, who shall have the next highest number of votes in said election. If, by reason of such a condition or by reason of an equal vote for two or more candidates a sufficient number of judges duly qualified as to residence shall not be elected at any election, then it shall be the duty of the Governor to order a new election for such unfilled office or offices. From and after December 1, 1954, there shall be not less than three judges resident in Montgomery County and not less than two judges resident in Anne Arundel County, and in Prince George’s County, and not less than three judges resident in Balti- more County, the vacancies in Garrett, Montgomery, and Prince George’s County created by the adoption of this amendment shall be filled as provided in Section 5 of this article. Notwithstanding any other provision of this article the vacancies in Anne Arundel, Baltimore, and St. Mary’s Coun- ties created by the adoption of this amendment shall not be filled by appointment as provided in Section 5 of this article; but at the first biennial general election for Representatives in Congress, after the adoption of this amendment a judge shall be elected by the qualified voters of Anne Arundel, Baltimore, and St. Mary’s Counties, respectively, to fill such vacancy in each county. Any other vacancy in the office of Judge of the Circuit Court for Anne Arundel, Baltimore, and St. Mary’s Counties shall be filled as provided in Sec- tions 3 and 5 of this article. The said judges shall hold such terms of the Circuit Court in each of the counties composing their respective circuits, at such times as are now prescribed or may hereafter be prescribed by rules or regulations by the Court of Appeals or otherwise by law. One judge in each of the first seven circuits shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business; and the said judges, or any of them, may hold special terms of their Courts, when in their discretion, the business of the several counties renders such terms necessary. All provisions of the Constitution of Maryland and all Acts of the General Assembly relating to the Court of Appeals or any other courts, and all rules heretofore adopted by the Court of Appeals, not inconsistent with the provisions of the sections amended or added by this amendment, shall remain in full force and effect unless and until amended or repealed by proper authority. All salaries now prescribed by law for associate judges of the Circuit Courts [Art. 4, Sec. 22] MARYLAND MANUAL 377 shall continue to apply to all judges (including chief judges) of the Circuit Court. No member of the General Assembly at which either of these amendments was proposed, if otherwise qualified, shall be ineligible for appointment or election as judge of the Court of Appeals or any other court by reason of his membership in such General Assembly. In the event and to the extent of any inconsistency between the provisions of any section amended or added by these amendments and any of the other provisions of this Constitution or the provisions of any existing law, the provisions of the sections amended or added shall prevail, and such other provisions shall be repealed or abrogated to the extent of such inconsistency, except Section 35A of Article III of this Constitution; provided, however, that in the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of the sections thus amended or added and any of the other provisions of the sections thus amended or added and any of the other provisions of this Constitution as amended by any other amendments which may be adopted at the same time or times as these amendments, i.e., at the election held in November, 1944, or at the election held in November, 1954, the changes made by these amendments and all such other amendments to this Constitution shall all be given effect.1 Sec. 22. Where any Term is held, or trial conducted by less than the whole number of said Circuit Judges, upon the decision or determination of any point, or question, by the Court, it shall be competent to the party, against whom the ruling or decision is made, upon motion, to have the point, or question reserved for the consideration of the three Judges of the Circuit, who shall constitute a court in banc for such purpose; and the motion for such reservation shall be entered of record, during the sitting, at which such decision may be made: and the several Circuit Courts shall regulate, by rules, the mode and manner of presenting such points, or questions to the court in banc, and the decision of the said Court in banc shall be the effective decision in the premises, and conclusive, as against the party, at whose motion said points, or questions were reserved; but such decision in banc shall not preclude the right of Appeal, or writ of error to the adverse party, in those cases, civil or criminal, in which appeal, or writ of error to the Court of Ap- 1 Amended by Chapter 772, Acts of 1943, ratified November 7, 1944. Amended by Chapter 607, Acts of 1953, ratified November 2, 1954. Also amended by Chapters 65 and 68, Acts of 1954, both of which were ratified by the voters on November 2, 1954, becoming immediately null and void by reason of the adoption of the amendments proposed by Chapter 607 of the Acts of 1953. 378 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 23] peals may be allowed by Law. The right of having questions reserved shall not, however, apply to trials of Appeals from judgments of Justices of the Peace, nor to criminal cases below the grade of felony, except when the punishment is confinement in the Penitentiary; and this Section shall be subject to such provisions as may hereafter be made by Law. Sec. 23. The Judges of the respective Circuit Courts of this State, and of the Courts of Baltimore city, shall render their decisions, in all cases argued before them, or submitted for their judgment, within two months after the same shall have been so argued or submitted. Sec. 24. The salary of each Chief Judge and of the Judge of the Court of Appeals from the City of Baltimore shall be three thousand five hundred dollars, and of each Associate Judge of the Circuit Court, shall be two thousand eight hundred dollars per annum, payable quarterly, and shall not be diminished during his continuance in office.1 Sec. 25. There shall be a Clerk of the Circuit Court for each County, who shall be elected by a plurality of the qualified voters of said County, and shall hold his office for six years from the time of his election, and until his successor is elected and qualified, and be re-eligible, subject to be removed for wilful neglect of duty or other misdemeanor in office, on conviction in a Court of Law. In case of a vacancy in the office of Clerk of a Circuit Court, the Judges of said Court shall have power to fill such vacancy until the general election for Delegates to the General Assembly, to be held next thereafter, when a successor shall be elected for the term of six years.2 Sec. 26. The said Clerks shall appoint, subject to the confirmation of the Judges of their respective Courts, as many deputies under them, as the said Judges shall deem necessary to perform, together with themselves, the duties of the said office, who shall be removable by the said Judges for incompetency, or neglect of duty, and whose compensation shall be according to existing, or future provisions of the General Assembly. 1 By Chapter 536, Acts of 1953, the salary of the Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals was set at $20,000 ; that of each Associate Judge of the Court of Appeals at $19,000 ; that of each Judge of the Supreme Bench of Batlimore City at $9,500 (this sum being supplemented by the City of Baltimore) ; and that of each Judge of the first seven judicial circuits at $13,000, some of the latter also being supplemented locally. See also Sections 14 and 31A of this Article. 2 Modified by Article XVII, Section 1. [Art. 4, Sec. 27] MARYLAND MANUAL 379

Part IV—Courts of Baltimore City. Sec. 27. There shall be in the Eighth Judicial Circuit six Courts, to be styled the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, the Superior Court of Baltimore City, the Court of Common Pleas, the Baltimore City Court, the Circuit Court of Baltimore City1 and the Criminal Court2 of Baltimore. Sec. 28. The Superior Court of Baltimore City, the Court of Common Pleas and the Baltimore City Court3 shall each have concurrent jurisdiction in all civil common Law cases, and concurrently, all the jurisdiction which the Su- perior Court of Baltimore City and the Court of Common Pleas now have, except jurisdiction in Equity, and except in applications for the benefit of the Insolvent Laws of Maryland, and in cases of Appeal from judgments of Jus- tices of the Peace in said City, whether civil or criminal, or arising under the ordinances of the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, of all of which appeal cases the Baltimore City Court shall have exclusive jurisdiction; and the said Court of Common Pleas shall have exclusive jurisdiction in all applications for the benefit of the Insolvent Laws of Maryland, and the supervision and control of the Trustees thereof. Sec. 29. The Circuit Court of Baltimore City shall have exclusive jurisdiction in Equity within the limits of said city, and all such jurisdiction as the present Circuit Court of Baltimore City has; provided, the said Court shall not have jurisdiction in applications for the writ of habeas corpus in cases of persons charged with criminal offenses. Sec. 30. The Criminal Court of Baltimore shall have and exercise all the jurisdiction, now held and exercised by the Criminal Court of Baltimore, except in such appeal cases as are herein assigned to the Baltimore City Court. Sec. 31. There shall be elected by the legal and qualified voters of said city, at the election, hereinbefore provided for, one Chief Judge, and four Associate Judges, who, together, shall constitute the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, and shall hold their offices for the term of fifteen years, subject to the provisions of this Constitution with regard to the election and qualifications of Judges and their removal from office, and shall exercise the jurisdiction, hereinafter specified, and shall each receive an annual salary of 1 Circuit Court No. 2 established by Chapter 194, Acts of 1888. 2 Criminal Court No. 2 established by rule of the Supreme Bench, Dec. 21, 1897. See Jackson v. State, 87 Md. 191. 3 The jurisdiction of the Baltimore City Court, the Superior Court and the Court of Common Pleas was enlarged by Chapter 177, Acts of 1870. 380 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 31A] three thousand five hundred dollars1, payable quarterly, which shall not be diminished during their term of office; but authority is hereby given to the Mayor and City Coun- cil of Baltimore to pay to each of the said judges an annual addition of five hundred dollars to their respective salaries; provided, that the same, being once granted shall not be diminished, nor increased, during the continuance of said Judges in office. Sec. 31A. In addition to the authority granted to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore by the preceding section to pay to each of the judges of the Supreme Bench the annual sum of Five Hundred Dollars, authority is hereby given to said Mayor and City Council to pay to each of said judges such further annual sum as an addition to their respective salaries as the Mayor and City Council of Balti- more shall from time to time deem right and proper, provided, that any such sum being once granted shall not be diminished during the continuance of said judges in office.2 Sec. 32. It shall be the duty of the said Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, as soon as the Judges thereof shall be elected and duly qualified, and from time to time, to provide for the holding of each of the aforesaid Courts, by the assignment of one, or more of their number to each of the said Courts, who may sit either, separately, or together, in the trial of cases; and the said Supreme Bench of Balti- more City may, from time to time, change the said assignment, as circumstances may require, and the public interest may demand; and the Judge or Judges, so assigned to the said several Courts, shall, when holding the same, have all the powers and exercise all the jurisdiction, which may belong to the Court so being held; and it shall also be the duty of the said Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, in case of the sickness, absence or disability of any Judge or Judges, assigned as aforesaid, to provide for the hearing of the cases, or transaction of the business assigned to said Judge or Judges, as aforesaid, before some one, or more of the Judges of said Court. Sec. 33. The said Supreme Bench of Baltimore City shall have power, and it shall be its duty, to provide for the holding of as many general terms as the performance of its duties may require, such general terms to be held by not less than three judges; to make all needful rules and regulations for the conduct of business in each of the said 1 See note to Article 4, Section 24, above. 2 Added by Chapter 116, Acts of 1924, ratified November 4, 1924. See footnote to Article 4, Section 24, above. [Art. 4, Sec. 34] MARYLAND MANUAL 381

Courts, during the session thereof, and in vacation, or in Chambers, before any of said Judges; and shall also have jurisdiction to hear and determine all motions for a new trial in cases tried in any of said Courts, where such motions arise, either on questions of fact, or for misdirec- tion upon any matters of Law, and all motions in arrest of judgment, or upon any matters of Law determined by the said Judge, or Judges, while holding said several Courts; and the said Supreme Bench of Baltimore City shall make all needful rules and regulations for the hearing before it of all said matters; and the same right of appeal to the Court of Appeals shall be allowed from the determination of the said Court on such matters, as would have been the right of the parties if said matters had been decided by the Court in which said cases were tried.1 Sec. 34. No appeal shall lie to the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City from the decision of the Judge, or Judges holding the Baltimore City Court, in case of appeal from a Justice of the Peace; but the decision by said Judge, or Judges, shall be final; and all writs and other process issued out of either of said Courts, requiring attestation, shall be attested in the name of the Chief Judge of the said Supreme Bench of Baltimore City. Sec. 35. Three of the Judges of said Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, shall constitute a quorum of said Court. Sec. 36. All causes depending, at the adoption of this Constitution, in the Superior Court of Baltimore City, the Court of Common Pleas, the Criminal Court of Baltimore, and the Circuit Court of Baltimore City, shall be proceeded in, and prosecuted to final judgment, or decree, in the Courts, respectively, of the same name established by this Constitution, except cases belonging to that class, jurisdiction over which is by this Constitution transferred to the Baltimore City Court, all of which shall, together with all cases now pending in the City Court of Baltimore, be proceeded in and prosecuted to final judgment in said Balti- more City Court. Sec. 37. There shall be a Clerk of each of the said Courts of Baltimore city, except the Supreme Bench, who shall be elected by the legal and qualified voters of said City, at the election to be held in said City on the Tuesday next after the First Monday of November, in the year eighteen hun- 1A paragraph first added to this section in the Code of 1904 has been removed. It was enacted as a public local law of Baltimore City, by Chapter 177 of 1870, and never had the effect of a constitutional amendment. The Act of 1870 still is in the local laws of Baltimore City. See Charter and Public Local Laws of Baltimore City (1949 Edition), Sections 224 and 225. 382 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 38] dred and sixty-seven, and shall hold his office for six years from the time of his election, and until his successor is elected and qualified, and be re-eligible thereto, subject to be removed for willful neglect of duty, or other misdemeanor in office, on conviction in a Court of Law. The salary of each of the said Clerks shall be thirty-five hundred dollars a year, payable only out of the fees and receipts collected by the Clerks of said City, and they shall be entitled to no other perquisites, or compensation. In case of a vacancy in the office of Clerk of any of said Courts, the Judges of said Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, shall have power to fill such vacancy until the general election of Delegates to the General Assembly, to be held next thereafter, when a Clerk of said Court shall be elected to serve for six1 years thereafter; and the provisions of this Article in relation to the appointment of Deputies by the Clerks of the Circuit Courts in the Counties shall apply to the Clerks of the Courts in Baltimore City. Sec. 38. The Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas shall have authority to issue within said City, all marriage and other licenses required by Law, subject to such provisions as are now, or may be prescribed by Law. The Clerk of the Superior Court of said city shall receive and record all Deeds, Conveyances and other papers, which are, or may be required by Law, to be recorded in said City. He shall also have custody of all papers connected with the proceedings on the Law, or Equity side of Baltimore County Court, and the Dockets thereof, so far as the same have relation to the City of Baltimore, and shall also discharge the duties of Clerk to the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, unless otherwise provided by Law. Sec. 39. The General Assembly shall, as often, as it may think the same proper and expedient, provide by law for the election of an additional Judge of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, whenever provision is so made by the General Assembly, there shall be elected by the voters of said City another Judge of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, who shall be subject to the same constitutional provisions, hold his office for the same term of years, receive the same compensation and have the same powers as are, or shall be provided by the Constitution, or laws of this State, for the Judges of said Supreme Bench of Baltimore City, and the General Assembly may provide by laws, or the Supreme Bench by its rules, for requiring causes in any of the Courts of Baltimore City to be tried before the Court 1 Modified by Article XVII, Sec. 1. [Art. 4, Sec. 40] MARYLAND MANUAL 383 without a jury, unless the litigants or some one of them shall within such reasonable time or times as may be prescribed, elect to have their causes tried before a jury. And the General Assembly may reapportion, change or enlarge the jurisdiction of the several Courts in said City.1

Part V—Orphans’ Court. Sec. 40. The qualified voters of the City of Baltimore, and of the several Counties, shall on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November next, and on the same day in every fourth year thereafter,1 elect three men _ to be Judges of the Orphans’ Courts of said City and Counties, respectively, who shall be citizens of the State, and residents for the twelve months preceding, in the City, or County, for which they may be elected. They shall have all the powers now vested in the Orphans’ Courts of the State, subject to such changes as the Legislature may prescribe. Each of said Judges shall be paid a per diem for the time they are actually in session, to be regulated by law, and to be paid by the said City, or Counties respectively. In case of a vacancy in the office of Judge of the Orphans’ Court, the Governor shall appoint, subject to confirmation, or rejection by^he Senate, some suitable person to fill the same for the residue of the term. Sec. 41. There shall be Register of Wills in each county of the State, and the city of Baltimore, to be elected by the legal and qualified voters of said counties and city, respectively, who shall hold his office for six years from the time of his election and until his successor is elected and qualified;2 he shall be re-eligible, and subject at all times to removal for willful neglect of duty, or misdemeanor in office in the same manner that the Clerks of the Courts are removable. In the event of any vacancy in the office of the Register of Wills, said vacancy shall be filled by the Judges of the Orphans’ Court, in which such vacancy occurs, until the next general election for Delegates to the General As- sembly when a Register shall be elected to serve for six years thereafter.3

Part V-A—People’s Court. Sec. 41-A. There is hereby created a People’s Court of Baltimore City. Said Court shall consist originally of a Chief Judge and two Associate Judges; the number of such 1 Thus amended by Chapter 313, Acts of 1892, ratified November 7, 1893. 2 Modified by Article XVII, Section 3. 3 Modified by Article XVII, Section 1. 384 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 41A]

Judges may thereafter be increased or decreased by the General Assembly by law but no such decrease shall affect the term of any Judge then in office or his right to stand for election for further terms as hereinafter provided. The Judges of said Court shall have the qualifications prescribed by Section 2 of this Article and shall have practiced law in the City of Baltimore for a total period of at least five years; shall hold office subject to the provisions of Sections 3 and 4 of this Article with regard to retirement and removal from office; and shall receive from the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore City such compensation as shall be fixed by law by the General Assembly, which shall not be diminished during continuance in office. The Governor shall appoint to said Court, to take office on the first Monday of May, 1941, one Associate Judge for a term expiring December 31, 1942, one Associate Judge for a term expiring December 31, 1944, and a Chief Judge for a term expiring December 31, 1946; and, upon the creation of any additional office on said Court by increase in the number of Judges pursuant to this Section, shall appoint an Associate Judge for such term, not exceeding eight years and expiring on the thirty-first day of Decem- ber immediately following a Congressional election, as the law creating such office shall prescribe. If any vacancy occurs during any such original term, the Governor shall appoint a successor to serve for the remainder of such term. After the expiration of said original terms, the terms of office of said Court shall be for eight years from the expiration of the preceding term, and shall be filled as follows: (1) Any incumbent Judge of said Court shall be eligible, at the Congressional election immediately preceding the expiration of his period of appointment or term, for election or re-election to succeed himself (a) for a full term of eight years, except as provided in (b) hereof; or (b) for the unexpired remainder of the current eight year term, if his appointment will expire before the end of such term. No person other than an incumbent Judge shall be eligible for election to said Court. (2) Whenever a vacancy shall occur on said Court from any cause the Governor shall appoint to said Court a Judge who shall hold office under such appointment until the thirty-first day of December immediately following the first Congressional election occurring six months or more after the date of his appointment. No Judge of said Court, who has stood for election to succeed himself and not been [Art. 4, Sec. 41A] MARYLAND MANUAL 385

elected, shall thereafter be appointed to said Court, and no Judge of said Court, who has failed to stand for election when eligible, shall be appointed to succeed himself. (3) In order to qualify for election or re-election an incumbent Judge shall file with the Supervisors of Election of Baltimore City not later than thirty days before the date of the applicable election a certificate signed and duly acknowledged, stating the basis of his eligibility and the term or remainder of term for which he is eligible for election. Thereupon, the name of such Judge, together with a statement of the term or remainder of term for which he is eligible, shall be placed upon the ballot to be used in said City in such election, with no party designation whatever and with no opposing candidate, with space provided to permit any voter to cast his vote for or against the continuance in office of such Judge; if the votes cast for the continuance in office of such Judge represent a majority of all the votes cast for or against his continuance in office, such Judge shall hold office for the unexpired remainder of the term or for the full term of eight years, as the case may be. Unless his office shall have been abolished pursuant to this Section, each Judge of said Court shall continue to hold office after the expiration of his period of appointment or term until a successor shall qualify. As used in this Sec- tion^ “Congressional election” means any of the biennial elections at which members of the House of Representa- tives are regularly chosen. Said Court shall have such jurisdiction (which may be made exclusive as to any class or classes of civil cases in Baltimore City), with such right of appeal, therefrom, and the Chief Judge and Associate Judges thereof shall have such powers and duties, as the General Assembly shall prescribe from time to time by law. The Judges of said Court shall have full power to regulate by rules the administration, procedure and practice of said Court; such rules shall have the force of law until rescinded or modified by said Judges or the General Assembly. Unless otherwise provided by law, (1) all powers granted by this Section or by law to said Court or the Judges thereof as a body may be exercised by a majority of the Judges thereof, and (2) said Court shall not be a Court of Record. There shall be a Chief Constable of said Court, who shall perform therein the duties prescribed for Clerks of Court by Section 10 of this Article and such other duties as shall 386 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 41B] be prescribed by law or by rule of said Court. Such Chief Constable shall’ be appointed, in the manner hereinafter prescribed, by the Judges of said Court; and such Chief Constable shall appoint, in the manner hereinafter prescribed, all original, subsequent and additional constables and clerks employed pursuant to this Section, and shall supervise and direct the work of all such constables and clerks. There shall be appointed originally fourteen such constables and sixteen such clerks; the number of either may, on the joint recommendation of said Court and said Chief Constable, be increased by the Mayor and City Coun- cil of Baltimore City; no vacancy in the position of any constable or clerk, however arising, shall be filled by said Chief Constable unless the Judges of said Court and said Chief Constable shall expressly find that the filling of such vacancy is necessary for the efficient operation of said Court. The positions of said Chief Constable and of all such constables and clerks shall be positions in the Classi- fied City Service of Baltimore and the provisions of the Charter of said City with respect to said City Service are hereby expressly made applicable thereto, provided that, the Chief Constable at the time this amendment becoms effective shall continue and remain in said position and immediately become a member of said Classified City Ser- vice of Baftimore; all such positions shall be classified by the City Service Commission and all appointments, pro- motions, transfers, re-instatements, and removals with respect to such positions shall be made only in accordance with the provisions, rules and regulations of said Classi- fied City Service in force from time to time. Such Chief Constable and all of such other constables and all such clerks shall receive from the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore City such compensation as said Mayor and City Council shall prescribe. Such constables and clerks shall perform such duties as may now or hereafter be prescribed by law or rule of Court. After adoption of this Section no constable shall be appointed by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore City pursuant to Section 42 or Section 43 of this Article TV, but constables in office upon the adoption of this Section shall hold office for the remainder of their terms, and the constables first appointed under this Section shall take office at the expiration of such terms.1 41-B. The General Assembly shall have power by law to establish a People’s Court in any county, or any part there- 1 Added by Chapter 163, Acts of 1939, ratified November 5, 1940. [Art. 4, Sec. 42] MARYLAND MANUAL 387 of, incorporated city or town in this State, except Balti- more City, and to prescribe and from time to time to alter (1) the number, qualifications, tenure, and method of selection of the Judges of any such Court, and their powers, duties and compensation, except that the term of office or compensation of any Judge shall not be reduced during his continuance in office; (2) the jurisdiction of any such Court (which may be made exclusive as to any class or classes of civil cases in such county, or any part thereof, city or town) and the right of appeal therefrom; (3) the number, qualifications, tenure, method of selection, duties, and compensation of all constables, clerks or other employees for such Court; and (4) all other matters relating to such Court. After adoption of this Section the Gover- nor shall not be required to appoint any particular number of Justices of the Peace in any county or in any of the several election districts of the counties as now provided in Section 42 of the Constitution.1

Part VI—Justices of the Peace. Sec. 42. The Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint such number of Justices of the Peace, and the County Commissioners of the several counties, and the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, respectively, shall appoint such number of Constables, for the several Election Districts of the Counties and Wards of the City of Baltimore, as are now, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law; and Justices of the Peace and Constables, so appointed, shall be subject to removal by the Judge, or Judges having criminal jurisdiction in the county, or city, for incompetency, willful neglect of duty, or misdemeanor in office, on conviction in a Court of Law. The Justices of the Peace and Constables, so appointed, and commissioned, shall be Conservators of the Peace, shall hold their office for two years, and shall have such jurisdiction, duties and compensation, subject to such right of appeal, in all cases, from the judgment of Justices of the Peace, as hath been heretofore exercised, or shall be hereafter prescribed by Law. Sec. 43. In the event of a vacancy in the office of a Jus- tice of the Peace, the Governor shall appoint a person to serve, as Justice of the Peace, for the residue of the term; and in case of a vacancy in the office of Constable, the County Commissioners of the county in which the vacancy occurs, or the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, as the 1 Added by Chapter 163, Acts of 1939, and ratified by the voters on November 5, 1940. 388 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 4, Sec. 44] case may be, shall appoint a person to serve as Constable for the residue of the term.

Part VII—Sheriffs. Sec. 44. There shall be elected in each county and in Baltimore City in the year 1946 and in every fourth year thereafter, one person, resident in said county, or city, above the age of twenty-five years and at least five years preceding his election, a citizen of the State, to the office of Sheriff. He shall hold office for four years, and until his successor is duly elected and qualified; shall give such bond, exercise such powers and perform such duties as now are or may hereafter be fixed by law. In case of vacancy by death, resignation, refusal to serve, or neglect to qualify, or give bond, or by disqualification or removal from the County or City, the Governor shall appoint a person to be Sheriff for the remainder of the official term. The Sheriff in each county and in Baltimore City shall receive such salary or compensation and such expenses necessary to the conduct of his office as may be fixed by law. All fees collected by the Sheriff shall be accounted for and paid to the Treasury of the several counties and of Balti- more City, respectively.1 Sec. 45. Coroners, Elisors, and Notaries Public may be appointed for each county, and the city of Baltimore, in the manner, for the purpose, and with the powers now fixed, or which may hereafter be prescribed by Law. o

ARTICLE V. ATTORNEY-GENERAL AND STATE’S ATTORNEY. Attorney-General. SEC. 1. There shall be an Attorney-General elected by the qualified voters of the State, on general ticket, on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of No- vember, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, and on the same day, in every fourth year thereafter,2 who shall hold his office for four years from the time of his election and qualification, and until his successor is elected and qualified, 1 Amended by Chapter 786, Acts of 1945, ratified November 5, 1946; amended by Chapter 55, Acts of 1953, ratified November 2, 1954. 2 Modified by Article XVII, Section 3. [Art. 5, Sec. 2] MARYLAND MANUAL 389 and shall be re-eligible thereto, and shall be subject to removal for incompetency, willful neglect of duty or misdemeanor in office, on conviction in a Court of Law. Sec. 2. All elections for Attorney-General shall be certified to, and returns made thereof by the Clerks of the Cir- cuit Courts for the several counties, and the Clerk of the Superior Court of Baltimore City, to the Governor of the State, whose duty it shall be to decide on the election and qualification of the person returned; and in case of a tie between two or more persons, to designate which of said persons shall qualify as Attorney-General, and to administer the oath of office to the person elected. Sec. 3. It shall be the duty of the Attorney-General to prosecute and defend on the part of the State all cases, which at the time of his appointment and qualification and which thereafter may be depending in the Court of Appeals, or in the Supreme Court of the United States, by or against the State, or wherein the State may be interested; and he shall give his opinion in writing whenever required by the General Assembly or either branch thereof, the Governor, the Comptroller, the Treasurer or any State’s Attorney, on any legal matter or subject depending before them, or either of them: and when required by the Governor or Gen- eral Assembly, he shall aid any State’s Attorney in prosecut- ing any suit or action brought by the State in any Court of this State, and he shall commence and prosecute or defend any suit or action in any of said Courts, on the part of the State, which the General Assembly, or the Governor, acting according to law, shall direct to be commenced, prosecuted or defended, and he shall have and perform such other duties and shall appoint such number of deputies or assistants as the General Assembly may from time to time by law prescribe; And he shall receive for his services an annual salary of three thousand dollars, or such annual salary as the General Assembly may from time to time by law prescribe; but he shall not be entitled to receive any fees, perquisites or rewards whatever, in addition to the salary aforesaid, for the performance of any official duty; nor shall the Governor employ any additional Counsel, in any Case whatever, unless authorized by the General As- sembly.1 Sec. 4. No person shall be eligible to the office of Attor- ney-General, who is not a citizen of this State, and a qualified voter therein, and has not resided and practiced Law in this State for at least ten years. 1 Thus amended by Chapter 663, Acts of 1912, ratified November 4, 1913. 390 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 5, Sec. 5]

Sec. 5. In case of vacancy in the office of Attorney- General, occasioned by death, resignation, removal from the State, or from office, or other disqualification, the said vacancy shall be filled by the Governor, for the residue of the term thus made vacant. Sec. 6. It shall be the duty of the Clerk of the Court of Appeals and of the Commissioner of the Land Office, respectively, whenever a case shall be brought into said Court, or office, in which the State is a party, or has interest, immediately to notify the Attorney-General thereof.

The State’s Attorneys. Sec. 7. There shall be an Attorney for the State in each county, and the City of Baltimore, to be styled “The State’s Attorney,” who shall be elected by the voters thereof, respectively, on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, in the year eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, and on the same day every fourth year thereafter; and shall hold his office for four years from the first Monday in January next ensuing his election, and until his successor shall be elected and qualified; and shall be re-eligible thereto, and be subject to removal therefrom, for incompetency, willful neglect of duty, or misdemeanor in office, on conviction in a Court of Law, or by a vote of two-thirds of the Senate, on the recommendation of the Attorney-General. Sec. 8. All elections for the State’s Attorney shall be certified to, and Returns made thereof, by the Clerks of the said Counties and city, to the Judges thereof, having criminal jurisdiction, respectively, whose duty it shall be to decide upon the elections and qualifications of the Persons returned ; and, in case of a tie between two or more persons, to designate which of said persons shall qualify as State’s Attorney, and to administer the oaths of office to the Person elected. ’Sec. 9. The State’s Attorney shall perform such duties and receive such salary as shall be prescribed by law; and if any State’s Attorney shall receive any other fee or reward than such as is or may be allowed by law, he shall, on conviction thereof, be removed from office; provided, that the State’s Attorney for Baltimore City shall have the power to appoint a Deputy and such other Assistants as the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City may authorize or approve and until otherwise provided by the General Assembly, the 1 Thus amended by Chapter 490, Acts of 1943, ratified November 7, 1944. [Art. 5, Sec. 10] MARYLAND MANUAL 391 said State’s Attorney, Deputy and Assistants shall receive the following annual salaries: State’s Attorney, seven thousand five hundred dollars; Deputy State’s Attorney, five thousand dollars; Assistant State’s Attorneys, four thousand dollars each; said salaries, or such salaries as the General Assembly may subsequently provide, and such expenses for conducting the office of the State’s Attorney as the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City may authorize or approve shall be paid by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore to the extent that the total of them exceeds the fees of his office, or as the General Assembly shall otherwise provide, and the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore shall" not be liable for appearance fees to the State’s Attorney. Sec. 10. No person shall be eligible to the office of State’s Attorney, who has not been admitted to practice Law in this State, and who has not resided, for at least two years, in the county, or city, in which he may be elected. Sec. 11. In case of vacancy in the office of State’s At- torney, or, of his removal from the county or city in which he shall have been elected, or, on his conviction as herein specified, the said vacancy shall be filled by the Judge of the county or city, respectively, having criminal jurisdiction, in which said vacancy shall occur, for the residue of the term thus made vacant. Sec. 12. The State’s Attorney in each county, and the City of Baltimore, shall have authority to collect, and give receipt, in the name of the State, for such sums of money as may be collected by him, and forthwith make return of and pay over the same to the proper accounting officer. And the State’s Attorney of each county, and the City of Baltimore, before he shall enter on the discharge of his duties, and from time to time thereafter, shall give such corporate surety bond as may hereafter be prescribed by Act of the General Assembly.1

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ARTICLE VI. TREASURY DEPARTMENT. Section. 1. There shall be a Treasury Department, consisting of a Comptroller chosen by the qualified electors of 1 Thus amended by Chapter 529, Acts of 1945, ratified November 5, 1946. 392 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 6, Sec. 2] the State, at each general election at which the Governor is chosen, who shall receive such salary as may be fixed by law; and a Treasurer, to be appointed by the two Houses of the Legislature, at each regular session thereof, in which begins the term of the Governor, on joint ballot, who shall receive an annual salary of two thousand five hundred dollars; and the terms of office of the said Comptroller and Treasurer shall be for four years, and until their successors shall qualify; and neither of the said officers shall be allowed, or receive any fees, commissions or perquisites of any kind in addition to his salary for the performance of any duty or services whatsoever. In case of a vacancy in either of the offices by death or otherwise, the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall fill such vacancy by appointment, to continue until another election or a choice by the Legislature, as the case may be, and until the qualification of the successor. The Comp- troller and the Treasurer shall keep their offices at the seat of government, and shall take such oath, and enter into such bonds for the faithful discharge of their duties as are now, or may hereafter be prescribed by law.1 Sec. 2. The Comptroller shall have the general superintendence of the fiscal affairs of the State; he shall digest and prepare plans for the improvement and management of the revenue, and for the support of the public credit; prepare and report estimates of the revenue and expenditures of the State; superintend and enforce the prompt collection of all taxes and revenue; adjust and settle, on terms prescribed by law, with delinquent collectors and re- ceivers of taxes and State revenue; preserve all public accounts ; and decide on the forms of keeping and stating accounts. He, or such of his deputies as may be authorized to do so by the Legislature, shall grant, under regulations prescribed by Law, all warrants for money to be paid out of the Treasury, in pursuance of appropriations by law, and countersign all checks drawn by the Treasurer upon any bank or banks in which the moneys of the State, may, from time to time, be deposited. He shall prescribe the formalities of the transfer of stock, or other evidence of the State debt, and countersign the same, without which such evidence shall not be valid; he shall make to the Gen- eral Assembly full reports of all his proceedings, and of the state of the Treasury Department within ten days after the commencement of each session; and perform such other duties as shall be prescribed by law.1 1 Thus amended by Chapter 141, Acts of 1922, ratified November 7, 1922. [Art. 6, Sec. 3] MARYLAND MANUAL 393

Sec. 3. The Treasurer shall receive the moneys of the State, and, until otherwise prescribed by law, deposit them, as soon as received, to the credit of the State, in such bank or banks as he may, from time to time, with the approval of the Governor, select (the said bank or banks giving security, satisfactory to the Governor, for the safekeeping and forthcoming, when required of said deposits), and he or such of his deputies as may be authorized to do so by the Legislature shall disburse the same for the purposes of the State according to law, upon warrants drawn by the Comptroller, or his duly authorized deputy, and on checks countersigned by the Comptroller, or his duly authorized deputy, and not otherwise. The Treasurer or such of his deputies as may be authorized to do so by the Legisla- ture shall take receipts for all moneys paid from the Treas- ury Department; and receipt for moneys received by him shall be endorsed upon warrants signed by the Comptroller, or such deputy as may be authorized to do so by law, without which warrants, so signed, no acknowledgement of money received into the Treasury shall be valid; and upon warrants issued by the Comptroller, or his duly authorized deputy, the Treasurer shall make arrangements for the payment of the interest of the public debt, and for the purchase thereof, on account of the sinking fund. Every bond, certificate, or other evidence of the debt of the State shall be signed by the Treasurer, or Chief Deputy Treasurer, and countersigned by the Comptroller, or Chief Deputy Comptroller; and no new certificate or other evidence intended to replace another shall be issued until the old one shall be delivered to the Treasurer, and authority executed in due form for the transfer of the same filed in his office, and the transfer accordingly made on the books thereof, and the certificate or other evidence cancelled; but the Leg- islature may make provisions for the loss of certificates, or other evidences of the debt; and may prescribe, by law, the manner in which the Treasurer shall receive and keep the moneys of the State.2 Sec. 4. The Treasurer shall render his Accounts, quarterly, to the Comptroller; and shall publish, monthly, in such newspapers as the Governor may direct, an abstract thereof, showing the amount of cash on hand, and the place, or places of deposit thereof, and on the third day of each regular session of the Legislature he shall submit to the Senate and House of Delegates fair and accurate copies of all Accounts by him, from time to time, rendered and settled 1 Thus amended by Chapter 133, Acts of 1929, ratified November 4, 1930. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 56, Acts of 1950, ratified November 7, 1950. 394 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 6, Sec. 5]

with the Comptroller. He shall, at all times, submit to the Comptroller the inspection of the money in his hands, and perform all other duties that shall be prescribed by Law. Sec. 5. The Comptroller shall qualify, and enter on the duties of his office, on the third Monday of January next succeeding the time of his election, or as soon thereafter as practicable. And the Treasurer shall qualify within one month after his appointment by the Legislature. Sec. 6. Whenever during the recess of the Legislature charges shall be preferred to the Governor against the Comptroller or Treasurer for incompetency, malfeasance in office, wilful neglect of duty, or misappropriation of the funds of the State, it shall be the duty of the Governor forthwith to notify the party so charged, and fix a day for a hearing of said charges; and if, from the evidence taken, under oath, on said hearing before the Governor, the said allegations shall be sustained, it shall be the duty of the Governor to remove said offending officer, and appoint another in his place, who shall hold the office for the unexpired term of the officer so removed.

ARTICLE VII. SUNDRY OFFICERS Section 1. County Commissioners shall be elected on general ticket of each county by the qualified voters of the several counties of the State on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of November, commencing in the year eighteen hundred and ninety-one; their number in each county, their compensation, powers and duties shall be such as now or may be hereafter prescribed by law; they shall be elected at such times, in such numbers and for such periods, not exceeding six years, as may be prescribed by law.1 SEC. 2. The qualified voters of each County, and of the City of Baltimore, shall, on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of November, in the year eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, and on the same day in every second year thereafter,2 elect a Surveyor for each County and the City of Baltimore, respectively, whose term of office shall commence on the first Monday of January next Article. 'Thus XVII. amend®! by Chapter 255, Acts of 1890, ratified Nov. 3, 1891. Modified by 2 Modified by Article XVII, Section 1. [Art. 7, Sec. 3] MARYLAND MANUAL 395

ensuing their election, and whose duties and compensation shall be the same as are now or may hereafter be prescribed by Law. And any vacancy in the office of Surveyor, shall be filled by the Commissioners of the counties, or by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, respectively, for the residue of the term. Sec. 3. The State Librarian shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Sen- ate and shall hold his office during the term of the Gover- nor, by whom he shall have been appointed, and until his successor shall be appointed and qualified. His salary shall be fifteen hundred dollars a year; and he shall perform such duties as are now, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law; and no appropriation shall be made by Law, to pay for any Clerk, or assistant to the Librarian. And it shall be the duty of the Legislature, at its first Session after the adoption of this Constitution, to pass a Law regulating the mode and manner in which the Books in the Library shall be kept and accounted for by the Librarian, and requiring the Librarian to give a Bond, in such penalty as the Legislature may prescribe, for the proper discharge of his duties. Sec. 4. There shall be a Commissioner of the Land Of- fice, who shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall hold his office during the term of the Governor, by whom he shall have been appointed, and until his successor shall be appointed and qualified. He shall perform such duties as are now required of the Commissioner of the Land Office, or such as may hereafter be prescribed by Law, and shall also be the Keeper of the Chancery Records. He shall receive a salary of one thousand five hundred dollars per annum, to be paid out of the Treasury, and shall charge such fees as are now, or may be hereafter fixed by Law. He shall make a semi-annual report of all the fees of his office, both as Commissioner of the Land Office, and as Keeper of the Chancery Records, to the Comptroller of the Treasury, and shall pay the same semi-annually into the Treasury. Sec. 5. The Commissioner of the Land Office, shall also, without additional compensation, collect, arrange, classify, have charge of, and safely keep all Papers. Records, Relics and other Memorials connected with the Early History of Maryland, not belonging to any other office. SEC. 6. The qualified voters of Worcester County shall on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month 396 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 8, Sec. 1] of November, in the year Eighteen Hundred and Sixty-seven, and every two years thereafter, elect a Wreck Master for said County, whose duties and compensation shall be the same as are now or may be hereafter, prescribed by Law; the term of office of said Wreck Master shall commence on the first Monday of January, next succeeding his election, and a vacancy in said office shall be filled by the County Commissioners of said County for the residue of the term.

ARTICLE VIII. EDUCATION. Section 1. The General Assembly, at its First Session after the adoption of- this Constitution, shall by Law establish throughout the State a thorough and efficient System of Free Public Schools; and shall provide by taxation, or otherwise, for their maintenance. Sec. 2. Tim System of Public Schools, as now constituted, shall remain in force until the end of the First Ses- sion of the General Assembly, and shall then expire; except so far as adopted, or continued, by the General Assembly. . Sec. 3. The School Fund of the State shall be kept in- violate, and appropriated only to the purposes of Education.

ARTICLE IX. MILITIA AND MILITARY AFFAIRS. Section 1. The General Assembly shall make, from time to time, such provisions for organizing, equipping and disciplining the Militia, as the exigency may require and pass such Laws to promote Volunteer Militia organizations as may afford them effectual encouragement. Sec. 2. There shall be an Adjutant-General, appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. He shall hold his office until the appointment and qualification of his successor, or until removed in pursuance of the sentence of a Court Martial. He shall perform such duties, and receive such compensation, or emoluments, as are now, or may be prescribed by Law. He shall discharge the duties of his office at the seat of Government, unless [Art. 9, Sec. 3] MARYLAND MANUAL 39/ absent, under orders, on duty, and no other officer of the General Staff of the Militia shall receive salary or pay, except when on service, and mustered in with troops. Sec. 3. The existing Militia Law of the State shall expire at the end of the next Session of the General Assembly, except as far as it may be re-enacted, subject to the provisions of this Article.

ARTICLE X. LABOR AND AGRICULTURE'. Section 1. There shall be a Superintendent of Labor and Agriculture, elected by the qualified voters of this State at the first general election for Delegates to the General Assembly, after the adoption of this Constitution, who shall hold his office for the term of four years, and until the election and qualification of his successor. Sec. 2. His qualifications shall be the same as those prescribed for the Comptroller; he shall qualify and enter upon the duties of his office on the second Monday of January next, succeeding the time of his election; and a vacancy in the office shall be filled by the Governor for the residue of the term. Sec. 3. He shall perform such of the duties now de- volved by Law upon the Commission of Immigration, and the Immigration Agent, as will promote the object, for which those officers were appointed, and such other duties as may be assigned to him by the General Assembly, and shall receive a salary of Twenty-five Hundred dollars a year; and after his election and qualification, the offices before mentioned shall cease. Sec. 4. He shall supervise all the State Inspectors of agricultural products and fertilizers; and from time to time, shall carefully examine and audit their accounts, and prescribe regulations, not inconsistent with Law, tending to secure economy and efficiency in the business of their offices. He shall have the supervision of the Tobacco Warehouses, and all other buildings used for inspection and storage purposes by the State; and may, at the discretion of the Leg- islature, have the supervision of all public buildings, now belonging to, or which may hereafter be erected by the 1 This Article expired by limitation. 398 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 10, Sec. B]

State. He shall frequently inspect such buildings as are committed to his charge, and examine all accounts for labor and materials required for their construction, or repairs. Sec. 5. He shall inquire into the undeveloped resources of wealth of the State of Maryland more especially concerning those within the limits of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, which belong to the State, and suggest such plans as may be calculated to render them available as sources of revenue. Sec. 6. He shall make detailed reports to every General Assembly within the first week of its session, in reference to each of the subjects committed to his charge, and he shall also report to the Governor, in the recess of the Leg- islature, all abuses, or irregularities, which he may find to exist in any Department of public affairs, with which his office is connected. Sec. 7. The office hereby established shall continue for four years from the date of the qualification of the first incumbent thereof, and shall then expire, unless continued by the General Assembly.

ARTICLE XL CITY OF BALTIMORE1. Section 1. The Inhabitants of the City of Baltimore, qualified by Law to vote in said city for members of the House of Delegates, shall on the Tuesday after the first Monday of November, eighteen hundred and eighty-nine, and on the same day and month in every second year thereafter, elect a person to be Mayor of the City of Baltimore, who shall have such qualifications, receive such compensation, discharge such duties, and have such powers as are now, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law; and the term of whose office shall commence on the third Wednesday in the N ovember of the year of his election, and shall continue for two years, and until his successor shall have qualified. Sec. 2. The City Council of Baltimore shall consist of two branches, one of which shall be called the First Branch, and the other the Second Branch, and each shall consist of such number of members, having such qualification, receiv- 1 Thus amended by Chapter 397, Acts of 1888. See Section 9, Article XI, and the Charter of Baltimore City (1949 Edition), for changes in this Article made under the authority of Article 11A of the Constitution. [Ait. 11, Sec. 3] MARYLAND MANUAL 399 ing such compensation, performing such duties, possessing such powers, holding such terms of office, and elected in such manner, as are now, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law. Sec. 3. An election for members of the First Branch of the City Council of Baltimore shall be held in the City of Baltimore on the Tuesday after the first Monday of Novem- ber, eighteen hundred and eighty-nine, and on the same day in every year thereafter; and for members of the Second Branch on the Tuesday after the first Monday of Novem- ber, eighteen hundred and eighty-nine, and on the same day in every second year thereafter; and the qualification for electors of the members of the City Council shall be the same as those prescribed for the electors of Mayor. Sec. 4. The regular sessions of the City Council of Bal- timore (which shall be annual), shall commence on the third Monday of January of each year, and shall not continue more than ninety days, exclusive of Sundays; but the Mayor may convene the City Council in extra session whenever, and as often as it may appear to him that the public good may require, but no called or extra session shall last longer than twenty days, exclusive of Sundays. Sec. 5. No person elected and qualified as Mayor, or as a member of the City Council, shall, during the term for which he was elected, hold any other office of profit or trust, created, or to be created, by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, or by any Law relating to the Corporation of Baltimore, or hold any employment, or position, the compensation of which shall be paid, directly or indirectly, out of the City Treasury; nor shall any such person be interested, directly or indirectly, in any contract, to which the City is a party; nor shall it be lawful for any person, holding any office, under the City, to be interested, while holding such office, in any contract, to which the City is a party. Sec. 6. The Mayor shall, on conviction in a Court of Law, of wilful neglect of duty, or misbehavior in office, be removed from office by the Governor of the State, and a successor shall thereafter be elected, as in a case of vacancy. Sec. 7. From and after the adoption of this Constitu- tion, no debt (except as hereinafter excepted), shall be created by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore; nor shall the credit of the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore be given or loaned to, or in aid of any individual, association, or corporation; nor shall the Mayor and City Council 400 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 11, Sec. 8]

of Baltimore have the power to involve the City of Balti- more in the construction of works of internal improvement, nor in granting any aid thereto, which shall involve the faith and credit of the city, nor make any appropriation therefor, unless such debt, or credit be authorized by an Act of the General Assembly of Maryland, and by an ordinance of the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, submitted to the legal voters of the City of Baltimore, at such time an place as may be fixed by said ordinance, and approved by a majority of the votes cast at such time and place; such ordinance shall provide for the discharge of any such debt or credit within the period of forty (40) years from the time of contracting the same; but the Mayor and City Council may, temporarily, borrow any amount of money to meet any deficiency in the City Treasury, and may borrow any amount at any time to provide for any emergency arising from the necessity of maintaining the police, or preserving the health, safety and sanitary condition of the city, and may make due and proper arrangements and agreements for the renewal and extension, in whole or in part, of any and all debts and obligations created according to law before the adoption of this Consti- tution.1 Sec. 8. All Laws and Ordinances, now in force, applicable fo) the City of Baltimore, not inconsistent with this Article, shall be, and they are hereby continued until changed in due course of Law. Sec. 9. The General Assembly may make such changes in this Article, except in Section seventh thereof, as it may deem best; and this Article shall not be so construed, or taken as to make the political corporation of Baltimore independent of, or free from the control, which the General Assembly of Maryland has over all such Corporations in this State.

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ARTICLE XI-A.! LOCAL LEGISLATION. Section 1. On demand of the Mayor of Baltimore and City Council of the City of Baltimore, or on petition bearing the signatures of not less than 20% of the registered voters of said City or any County (provided, however, 1 Thus amended by Chapter 456, Acts of 1933, ratified November 6, 1934. 1 Added by Chapter 416, Acts of 1914, ratified November 2, 1915. [Art. 11 A, Sec. 1] MARYLAND MANUAL 401 that in any case 10,000 signatures shall be sufficient to complete a petition), the Board of Election Supervisors of said City or County shall provide at the next general or Congressional election, occurring after such demand or the filing of such petition, for the election of a charter board of eleven registered voters of said City or five registered voters in any such Counties. Nominations for members for said charter board may be made not less than forty days prior to said election by the Mayor of Baltimore and City Coun- cil of the City of Baltimore or the County Commissioners of such County, or not less than twenty days prior to said election by petition bearing the signatures written in their own handwriting (and not by their mark) of not less than 5% of the registered voters of the said City of Baltimore or said County; provided, that in any case two thousand signatures of registered voters shall be sufficient to complete any such nominating petition, and if not more than eleven registered voters of the City of Baltimore or not more than five registered voters in any such County are so nominated their names shall not be printed on the ballot, but said eleven registered voters in the City of Bal- timore or five in such County shall constitute said charter board from and after the date of said election. At said election the ballot shall contain the names of said nominees in alphabetical order without any indication of the source of their nomination, and shall also be so arranged as to permit the voter to vote for or against the creation of said charter board, but the vote cast against said creation shall not be held to bar the voter from expressing his choice among the nominees for said board, and if the majority of the votes cast for and against the creation of said charter board shall be against said creation the election of the members of said charter board shall be void; but if such majority shall be in favor of the creation of said charter board, then and in that event the eleven nominees of the City of Baltimore or five nominees in the County receiving the largest number of votes shall constitute the charter board, and said charter board, or a majority thereof, shall prepare within six months from the date of said election a charter or form of government for said city or such county and present the same to the Mayor of Baltimore or President of the Board of County Commissioners of such county, who shall publish the same in at least two newspapers of general circulation published in said the City of Baltimore or County within thirty days after it shall be reported to him. Such charter shall be submitted to the voters of said City or County at the next general or Congressional election after the report of said charter to 402 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 11A, Sec. 2]

said Mayor of Baltimore or President of the Board of County Commissioners; and if a majority of the votes cast for and against the adoption of said charter shall be in favor of such adoption, the said charter from and after the thirtieth days1 from the date of such election shall become the law of said City or County, subject only to the Consti- tution and Public General Laws of this State, and any public local laws inconsistent with the provisions of said charter and any former charter of said the City of Balti- more or County shall be thereby repealed. Sec. 2. The General Assembly at its first session after the adoption of this amendment shall by public general law provide a grant of express powers for such County or Counties as may thereafter form a charter under the provisions of this Article. Such express powers granted to the Counties and the powers heretofore granted to the City of Baltimore, as set forth in Article 4, Section 6, Public Local Laws of Maryland, shall not be enlarged or extended by any charter formed under the provisions of this Article, but such powers may be extended, modified, amended or repealed by the General Assembly. Sec. 3. Every charter so formed shall provide for an elective legislative body in which shall be vested the law- making power of said City or County. Such legislative body in the City of Baltimore shall be known as the City Council of the City of Baltimore, and in any County shall be known as the County Council of the county. The chief executive officer, if any such charter shall provide for the election of such executive officer, or the presiding officer of said legislative body, if such charter shall not provide for the election of a chief executive officer, shall be known in the City of Baltimore as Mayor of Baltimore, and in any County as the President of the County Council of the County, and all references in the Constitution and laws of this State to the Mayor of Baltimore and City Council of the City of Balti- more or to the County Commissioners of the Counties, shall be construed to refer to the Mayor of Baltimore and City Council of the City of Baltimore and to the President and County Council herein provided for whenever such construction would be reasonable. From and after the adoption of a charter by the City of Baltimore, or any County of this State, as hereinbefore provided, the Mayor of Baltimore and City Council of the City of Balti- more or the County Council of said County, subject to the Constitution and Public General Laws of this State, shall 1 Thus in original. [Art. 11A, Sec. 4] MARYLAND MANUAL 403 have full power to enact local laws of said City or County including the power to repeal or amend local laws of said city or county enacted by the General Assembly, upon all matters covered by the express powers granted as above provided; provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed to authorize or empower the County Council of and County in this State to enact laws or regulations for and incorporated town, village, or municipality in said County, on any matter covered by the powers granted^ to said town, village, or municipality by the Act incorporating it, or any subsequent Act or Acts amendatory thereto. Pro- vided, however, that the charters for the various Counties shall provide that the County Council of the Counties shall not sit more than one month in each year for the purpose of enacting legislation for such Counties, and all legislation shall be enacted during the month so designated for that purpose in the charter, and all laws and ordinances so enacted shall be published once a week for three successive weeks in at least one newspaper published in such Counties, so that the taxpayers and citizens may have notice thereof. This provision shall not apply to Baltimore City. All such local laws enacted by the Mayor of Baltimore and City Council of the City of Baltimore or the Council of the Counties as hereinbefore provided, shall be subject to the same rules of interpretation as those now applicable to the Public Local Laws of this State, except that in case of any conflict between said local law and any Public General Law now or hereafter enacted the Public General Law shall control. Sec. 4. From and after the adoption of a charter under the provisions of this Article by the City of Baltimore or any County of this State, no public local law shall be enacted by the General Assembly for said City or County on any subject covered by the express powers granted as above provided. Any law so drawn as to apply to two or more of the geographical sub-divisions of this State shall not be deemed a Local Law, within the meaning of this Act. The term “geographical sub-division” herein used shall be taken to mean the City of Baltimore or any of the Counties of this State. Sec. 5. Amendments to any charter adopted by the City of Baltimore or by any County of this State under the provisions of this Article may be proposed by a resolution of the Mayor of Baltimore and the City Council of said the City of Baltimore, or the Council of said County, or by a 404 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 11A, Sec. 6] petition signed by not less than 20% of the registered voters of said City or County, provided, however, that in any case 10,000 signatures shall be sufficient to complete a petition, and filed with the Mayor of Baltimore or the President of the County Council, and when so proposed shall be submitted to the voters of said City or County at the next general or congressional election occurring after the passage of said resolution, or the filing of said petition; and if at said election the majority of the votes cast for and against said amendments shall be in favor thereof, said amendment shall be adopted and become a part of the charter of said City or County from and after the thirtieth day after said election. Said amendments shall be published by said Mayor of Baltimore or President of the County Council once a week for five successive weeks prior to said election in at least one newspaper published in said City or County. Sec. 6. The power heretofore conferred upon the Gen- eral Assembly to prescribe the number, compensation, powers and duties of the County Commissioners in each county, and the power to make changes in Sections 1 to 6, inclusive, Article XI of this Constitution, when expressly granted as hereinbefore provided, are hereby transferred to the voters of each County and the voters of the City of Baltimore, respectively, provided that said powers so transferred shall be exercised only by the adoption or amendment of a charter as hereinbefore provided; and provided further that this Article shall not be construed to authorize the exercise of any powers in excess of those conferred by the Legisla- ture upon said Counties or City as this Article sets forth. Sec. 7. The word “Petition” as used in this Article, means one or more sheets written or printed, or partly written and partly printed; “Signature” means the signature of a registered voter written by himself in his own handwriting (and not by his mark), together with the ward or district and precinct in which he is registered. The authen- ticity of such signatures and the fact that the persons so signing are registered voters shall be evidenced by the affidavit of one or more registered voters of the City or Coun- ty in which said voters so signing are registered, and one affidavit may apply to or cover any number of signatuers to such petition. The false signing of any name, or the signing of any fictitious name to said petition shall be forgery, and the making of any false affidavit in connection with said petition shall be perjury. [Art. 11B, Sec. 1] MARYLAND MANUAL 405

~~ARTICLE XI-B.~~

CITY OF BALTIMORE—LAND DEVELOPMENT AND REDEVELOPMENT.1 Section 1. The General Assembly of Maryland, by public local law, may authorize and empower the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore: (a) To acquire, within the boundary lines of Baltimore City, land and property of every kind, and any right, interest, franchise, easement or privilege therein, by purchase, lease, gift, condemnation or any other legal means, for development or redevelopment, including, but not limited to, the comprehensive renovation or rehabilitation thereof; and (b) To sell, lease, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of said land or property, regardless of whether or not it has been developed, redeveloped, altered or improved and irrespective of the manner or means in or by which it may have been acquired, to any private, public or quasi public corporation, partnership, association, person or other legal entity. No land or property taken by the Mayor and City Coun- cil of Baltimore for any of the aforementioned purposes or in connection with the exercise of any of the powers which may be granted to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore pursuant to this Article by exercising the power of eminent domain, shall be taken without just compensation, as agreed upon between the parties, or awarded by a jury, being first paid or tendered to the party entitled to such compensation. All land or property needed, or taken by the exercise of the power of eminent domain, by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore for any of the aforementioned purposes or in connection with the exercise of any of the powers which may be granted to the Mayor and City Coun- cil of Baltimore pursuant to this Article is hereby declared to be needed or taken for a public use. SEC. 2. The General Assembly of Maryland may grant to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore any and all additional power and authority necessary or proper to carry into full force and effect any and all of the specific powers which the General Assembly is authorized to grant to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore pursuant to this 1 Thus amended by Chapter 162, Acts of 1947, ratified November 2, 1948. 406 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 11B, Sec. 3]

Article and to fully accomplish any and all of the purposes and objects contemplated by the provisions of this Article, provided such additional power or authority js not inconsistent with the terms and provisions of this Article or with any other provision or provisions of the Constitution of Maryland. The General Assembly may place such other and further restrictions or limitations on the exercise of any of the powers which it may grant to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore under the provisions of this Article as it may deem proper and expedient. Sec. 3. The Baltimore Redevelopment Commission may continue in existence and shall have and may continue to exercise any of the power and authority which is now or hereafter may be vested in the Commission by law, until such time as such power and authority of the Commission is validly repealed by an Act of the General Assembly of Maryland or by an ordinance or resolution of the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore and a new agency of the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore is created to carry out the objects and purposes for which the Baltimore Re- development Commission was originally created; and nothing contained in this Article shall be taken or construed to the contrary. o

ARTICLE XI-C.1 OFF-STREET PARKING Section 1. The General Assembly of Maryland, by public local law, may authorize the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore: (a) Within the City of Baltimore to acquire land and property of every kind, and any right, interest, franchise, easement or privilege therein, by purchase, lease, gift, condemnation or any other legal means, for storing, parking and servicing self-propelled vehicles, provided, that no petroleum products shall be sold or offered for sale at any entrance to or exit from, any land so acquired or at any entrance to, or exit from, any structure erected thereon, when any entrance to, or exit from, any such land or structure faces on a street or highway which is more than 25 feet wide from curb to curb; and (b) To sell, lease, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of said land or property, regardless of whether 1 Added by Chapter 505, Acts of 1947, ratified November 2, 1948. [Art. 11C, Sec. 2] MARYLAND MANUAL 407 or not it has been developed, redeveloped, altered, or improved and irrespective of the manner or means in or by which it may have been acquired, to any private, public or quasi public corporation, partnership, association, person or other legal entity. No land or property taken by the Mayor and City Coun- cil of Baltimore for any of the aforementioned purposes or in connection with the exercise of any of the powers which may be granted to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore pursuant to this Article by exercising the power of eminent domain, shall be taken without just compensation, as agreed upon between the parties, or awarded by a jury, being first paid or tendered to the party entitled to such compensation. All land or property needed, or taken by the exercise of the power of eminent domain, by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore for any of the aforementioned purposes or in connection with the exercise of any of the powers which may be granted to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore pursuant to this Article is hereby declared to be needed or taken for a public use. Sec. 2. The General Assembly of Maryland may grant to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore any and all additional power and authority necessary or proper to carry into full force and effect any and all of the specific powers which the General Assembly is authorized to grant to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore pursuant to this Arti- cle and to fully accomplish any and all of the purposes and objects contemplated by the provisions of this Article, provided such additional power or authority is not inconsistent with the terms and provisions of this Article or with any other provision or provisions of the Constitution of Mary- land. The General Assembly may place such other and further restrictions or limitations on the exercise of any of the powers which it may grant to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore under the provisions of this Article as it may deem proper and expedient. o ARTICLE XI-D1 PORT DEVELOPMENT. Section 1. The General Assembly of Maryland, by public local law, may authorize the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore: 1 Added by Chapter 199, Acts of 1951, ratified November 4, 1952; amended by Chapter 754, Acts of 1953, ratified November 2, 1954. 408 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 11D, Sec. 2]

(a) To acquire land and property of every kind, and any right, interest, franchise, easement or privilege therein, in, adjoining or in the vicinity of the Patapsco River or its tributaries, by purchase, lease, gift, condemnation or any other legal means, for or in connection with extending, developing or improving the harbor or port of Baltimore and its facilities and the highways and approaches thereto; and providing, further, that the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore shall not acquire any such land or property, or any such right, interest, franchise, easement or privilege therein, for any of said purposes, in any of the counties of this State without the prior consent and approval by resolution duly passed after a public hearing, by the Board of County Commissioners of the county in which such land or property, or such right, interest, franchise, easement or privilege therein, is situate; and provided, further, that Anne Arundel County shall retain jurisdiction and power to tax any land so acquired by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore under the provisions of this Act. (b) To sell, lease, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of said land or property, regardless of whether or not it is undeveloped or has been developed, redeveloped, altered, or improved and irrespective of the manner or means in or by which it may have been acquired, to any private, public or quasi public corporation, partnership, association, person or other legal entity. No land or property taken by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore for any of the aforementioned purposes or in connection with the exercise of any of the powers which may be granted to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore pursuant to this Article by exercising the power of eminent domain, shall be taken without just compensation, as agreed upon between the parties, or awarded by a jury, being first paid or tendered to the party entitled to such compensation. All land or property needed, or taken by the exercise of the power of eminent domain, by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore for any of the aforementioned purposes or in connection with the exercise of any of the powers which may be granted to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore pursuant to this Article is hereby declared to be needed or taken for a public use. Sec. 2. The General Assembly of Maryland may grant to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore any and all additional power and authority necessary or proper to [Art. 11D, Sec. 3] MARYLAND MANUAL 409

carry into full force and effect any and all of the specified powers which the General Assembly is authorized to grant to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore pursuant to this Article and to fully accomplish any and all of the purposes and objects contemplated by the provisions of this Article, provided such additional power or authority is not inconsistent with the terms and provisions of this Article or with any other provision or provisions of the Constitu- tion of Maryland. The General Assembly may place such other and further restrictions or limitations on the exercise of anv of the powers which it may grant to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore under the_ provisions of this Article ks it may deem proper and expedient. Sec. 3. Provided, however, that no public local law enacted under the provisions and authority of this Article shall be enacted or construed to authorize the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore to exercise or apply any of the powers or authority in this Article enumerated within the territorial limits of Howard County.

ARTICLE XI-E1 Section 1. Except as provided elsewhere in this Article, the General Assembly shall not pass any law relating to the incorporation, organization, government, or affairs of those municipal corporations which are not authorized by Article 11-A of the Constitution to have a charter form of government which will be special or local in its terms or in its effect, but the General Assembly shall act in relation to the incorporation, organization, government, or affairs of any such municipal corporation only by general laws which shall in their terms and in their effect apply alike to all municipal corporations in one or more of the classes provided for in Section 2 of this Article. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to provide by law the method by which new municipal corporations shall be formed. Sec. 2. The General Assembly, by law, shall classify all such municipal corporations by grouping them into not more than four classes based on population as determined by the most recent census made under the authority of the United States or the State of Maryland. No more than one such grouping of municipal corporations into four for ’Added by Chapter 53, Acts of 1954, ratified November 2. 1954. 410 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. HE, Sec. 3]

fewer) classes shall be in effect at any time, and the enactment of any such grouping of municipal corporations into four (or fewer) classes shall repeal any such grouping of municipal corporations into four (or fewer) classes then in effect. Municipal corporations shall be classified only as provided in this section and not otherwise. Sec. 3. Any such municipal corporation, now existing or hereafter created, shall have the power and authority, (a) to amend or repeal an existing charter or local laws relating to the incorporation, organization, government, or affairs of said municipal corporation heretofore enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland, and (b) to adopt a new charter, and to amend or repeal any charter adopted under the provisions of this Article. Sec. 4. The adoption of a new charter, the amendment of any charter or local laws, or the repeal of any part of a charter or local laws shall be proposed either by a resolution of the legislative body of any such municipal corporation or by a petition containing the signatures of at least five per cent of the registered voters of a muncipal corporation and filed with the legislative body of said municipal corporation. The General Assembly shall amplify the provisions of this section by general law in any manner not inconsistent with this Article. Sec. 5. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article, the General Assembly may enact, amend, or repeal local laws placing a maximum limit on the rate at which property taxes may be imposed by any such municipal corporation and regulating the maximum amount of debt which may be incurred by any municipal corporation. How- ever, no such local law shall become effective in regard to a municipal corporation until and unless it shall have been approved at a regular or special municipal election by a majority of the voters of that municipal corporation voting on the question. No such municipal corporation shall levy any type of tax, license fee, franchise tax or fee which was not in effect in such municipal corporation on January 1, 1954, unless it shall receive the express authorization of the General Assembly for such purpose, by a general law which in its terms and its effect applies alike to all municipal corporations on one or more of the classes provided for in Section 2 of this Article. All charter provisions enacted under the authority of Section 3 of this Article shall be subject to any local laws enacted by the General Assembly and approved by the municipal voters under the provisions of this section. [Art. HE, Sec. 6] MARYLAND MANUAL 411

Sec. 6. All charter provisions, or amendments thereto, adopted under the provisions of this Article, shall be subject to all applicable laws enacted by the General Assein- bly; except that any local laws, or amendments thereto, relating to the incorporation, organization, government, or affairs of any municipal corporation and enacted befoie this Article becomes effective, shall be subject to any charter provisions, or amendments thereto, adopted undei me provisions of this Article. Any local law, or amendments thereto, relating to the incorporation, organization, government, or affairs of any municipal corporation and in effect at the time this Article becomes effective, shall be subject to any applicable State law enacted after this Article becomes effective. All laws enacted by the General Assemblv and in effect at the time this Article becomes effective,' shall remain in effect until amended or repealed in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution. Nothing in this Article shall be construed to authorize any municipal corporation by any amendment or addition to its charter, to permit any act which is prohibited by the laws of this State concerning the observance of the Sabbath Day or the manufacture, licensing or sale of alcoholic beverages. o

ARTICLE XII. PUBLIC WORKS. Section 1. The Governor, the Comptroller of the Treasury and the Treasurer, shall constitute the Board of Public Works in this State. They shall keep a journal of their proceedings, and shall hold regular sessions in the City of Annapolis, on the first Wednesday in January, April, July and October, in each year, and oftener, if necessary; at which sessions they shall hear and determine such matters as affect the Public Works of the State, and as the Gen- eral Assembly may confer upon them the power to decide. Sec. 2. They shall exercise a diligent and faithful supervision of all Public Works in which the State may be interested as Stockholder or Creditor, and shall represent, and vote the stock of the State of Maryland, in all meetings of the stockholders of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal; and shall appoint the Directors in every Railroad and Canal Company, in which the State has the legal power to appoint Directors, which said Directors shall represent the State in all meetings of the Stockholders of the respective Companies 412 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 12, Sec. 3] for which they are appointed or elected. And the President and Directors of the said Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Com- pany shall so regulate the tolls of said Company, from time to time, as to produce the largest amount of revenue, and to avoid the injurious effect to said Company of rival competition by other Internal Improvement Companies. They shall require the Directors of all said Public Works to guard the public interest, and prevent the establishment of tolls which shall discriminate against the interest of the citizens or products of this State, and from time to time, and as often as there shall be any change in the rates of toll on any of the said Works, to furnish the said Board of Public Works a schedule of such modified rates of toll, and so adjust them as to promote the agricultural interests of the State; they shall report to the General Assembly at each regular session, and recommend such legislation as they may deem necessary and requisite to promote or protect the interests of the State in the said Public Works; they shall perform such other duties as may be hereafter prescribed by Law, and a majority of them shall be competent to act. The Governor, Comptroller and Treasurer shall receive no additional salary for services rendered by them as members of the Board of Public Works. The provisions of the Act of the General Assembly of Maryland of the year 1867, Chapter 859, are hereby declared null and void. Sec. 3. The Board of Public Works is hereby authorized, subject to such regulations and conditions as the Gen- eral Assembly may from time to time prescribe, to sell the State’s interest in all works of Internal Improvement, whether as a stockholder or a creditor, and also the State’s interest in any banking corporation, receiving in payment the bonds and registered debt now owing by the State, equal in amount to the price obtained for the State’s and interest.1 0 ARTICLE XIII. NEW COUNTIES. Section 1. The General Assembly may provide, by Law, for organizing new Counties, locating and removing county seats, and changing county lines; but no new county shall be organized without the consent of the majority of the legal voters residing within the limits proposed to be formed into said new county; and whenever a new county 1 Thus amended by Chapter 362, Acts of 1890, ratified November 3, 1891. [Art. 13, Sec. 2] MARYLAND MANUAL 413 shall be proposed to be formed out of portions of two or more counties, the consent of a majority of the legal voters of such part of each of said counties, respectively, shall be required; nor shall the lines of any county nor of Balti- more City be changed without the consent of a majority of the legal voters residing within the district, which undei said proposed change, would form a part of a coumy or of Baltimore City different from that to which it belonged prior to said change; and no new county shall contain less than four hundred square miles, nor less than ten thousand white inhabitants; nor shall any change be made in the limits of any county, whereby the population of said county would be reduced to less than ten thousand white inhabitants, or its territory reduced to less than four hundred square miles.1 Sec. 2. At the election to be held for the adoption, or rejection of this Constitution, in each Election District, in those parts of Worcester and Somerset Counties, comprised within the following limits, viz.: Beginning at the point, where Mason and Dixon’s line crosses the channel of Poco- moke River, thence following said line to the channel of the Nanticoke River, thence with the channel of said river to Tangier Sound, or the intersection of Nanticoke and Wicom- ico Rivers, thence up the channel of the Wicomico River to the mouth of Wicomico Creek, thence with the channel of said creek and Passerdyke Creek to Dashield’s, or Disha- roon’s Mills, thence with the mill pond of said mills and Branch following the middle prong of said Branch, to Meadow Bridge, on the road, dividing the Counties of Som- erset and Worcester, near the southwest corner of the farm of William P. Morris, thence due east to the Pocomoke Riv- er, thence with the channel of said river to the beginning, the Judges of election, in each of said Districts, shall receive the ballots of each elector, voting at said election, who has resided for six months, preceding said election within said limits, for or against a new county; and the Return Judges of said Election Districts shall certify the result of such voting, in the manner, now prescribed by Law, to the Governor, who shall by Proclamation make known the same; and if a majority of the legal votes, cast within that part of Worcester County, contained within said lines, and also a majority of the legal votes cast within that part of Som- erset County, contained within said lines, shall be in favor of a new County, then said parts of Worcester and Somerset Counties shall become and constitute a new County, to be called Wicomico County; and Salisbury shall be the County 1 Thus amended by Chapter 618, Acts of 1947, ratified November 2, 1948. 414 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 13, Sec. 3]

Seat. And the Inhabitants thereof shall thenceforth have and enjoy all such rights and privileges as are held and enjoyed by the Inhabitants of the other Counties of this State. Sec. 3. When said new County shall have been so created, the Inhabitants thereof shall cease to have any claim to, or interest in the county buildings and other public property of every description, belonging to said Counties of Somerset and Worcester, respectively, and shall be liable for their proportionate shares of the then existing debts and obligations of the said Counties according to the last assessment in said Counties, to be ascertained and apportioned by the Circuit Court of Somerset county, as to the debts and obligations of said County, and by the Circuit Court of Worcester County, as to the debts and obligations of Wor- cester County, on the petition of the County Commissioners of the said Counties, respectively; and the property in each part of the said Counties, included in said new County shall be bound only for the share of the debts and obligations of the county from which it shall be separated; and the In- habitants of said new County shall also pay the County taxes levied upon them at the time of the creation of such new County, as if such new County had not been created; and on the application of twelve citizens of the proposed county of Wicomico, the Surveyor of Worcester County shall run and locate the line from Meadow Bridge to the Poco- moke River, previous to the adoption, or rejection of this Constitution, and at the expense of said petitioners. Sec. 4. At the first general election, held under this Con- stiution the qualified voters of said new County shall be entitled to elect a Senator, and two Delegates to the General Assembly, and all such County or other officers as this Con- stitution may authorize, or require to be elected by other Counties of the State; a notice of such election shall be given by the Sheriffs of Worcester and Somerset Counties in the manner now prescribed by Law; and in case said new Coun- ty shall be established, as aforesaid, then the Counties of Somerset and Worcester shall be entitled to elect but two Delegates each to the General Assembly. Sec. 5. The county of Wicomico, if formed according to the provisions of this Constitution, shall be embraced in the First Judicial Circuit, and the times for holding the Courts therein shall be fixed and determined by the General As- sembly. Sec. 6. The General Assembly shall pass all such Laws as may be necessary more fully to carry into effect the provisions of this Article. [Art. 14, Sec. 1] MARYLAND MANUAL 415 ARTICLE XIV. AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION. "Section 1. The General Assembly may propose Amendments to this Constitution; provided,_ that each Amendment shall be embraced in a separate bill, embody- ing the Article or Section, as the same will stand when amended and passed by three-fifths of all the members elected to each of the two Houses by yeas and nays, to be entered on the Journals with the proposed Amendment. The bill or bills proposing amendment or amendments shall be published by order of the Governor, in at least two newspapers, in each County, where so many may be published, and where not more than one may be published, then in that newspaper, and in three newspapers published in the City of Baltimore, once a week for four weeks immediately preceding the next ensuing general election, at which the proposed amendment or amendments shall be submitted, in a form to be prescribed by the General Assembly, to the qualified voters of the State for adoption or rejection. The votes cast for and against said proposed amendment or amendments, severally, shall be returned to the_ Governor, in the manner prescribed in other cases, and if it shall appear to the Governor that a majority of the votes cast at said election on said amendment or amendments, severally, were cast in favor thereof, the Governor shall, by his proclamation, declare the said amendment or amendments having received said majority of votes, to have been adopted by the people of Maryland as part of the Constitution thereof, and thenceforth said amendment or amendments shall be part of the said Constitution. When two or more amendments shall be submitted in manner aforesaid, to the voters of this State at the same election, they shall be so submitted as that each amendment shall be voted on separately. Sec. 2. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to provide by Law for taking, at the general election to be held in the year eighteen hundred and eighty-seven, and every twenty years thereafter2, the sense of the People in regard to calling a Convention for altering this Constitution; and if a majority of voters at such election or elections shall vote for a Convention, the General Assembly, at its next session, shall provide by Law for the assembling of such convention, and for the election of Delegates thereto. Each County, and Legislative District of the City of Baltimore, 1 Thus amended by Chapter 476, Acts of 1943, ratified November 7, 1944. 'Modified by Art. 17. Sec. 9. 416 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 14, Sec. 2]

shall have in such Convention a number of Delegates equal to its representation in both Houses at the time at which the Convention is called. But any Constitution, or change, or amendment of the existing Constitution, which may be adopted by such Convention, shall be submitted to the voters of this State, and shall have no effect unless the same shall have been adopted by a majority of the voters voting thereon. o

ARTICLE XV. MISCELLANEOUS. Section 1. Every person holding any office created by, or existing under the Constitution, or Laws of the State (except Justices of the Peace, Constables and Coroners), or holding any appointment under any Court of this State, whose pay, or compensation is derived from fees, or moneys coming into his hands for the discharge of his official duties, or, in any way, growing out of, or connected with his office, shall keep a book in which shall be entered every sum, or sums of money, received by him, or on his account, as a payment or compensation for his performance of official duties, a copy of which entries in said book, verified by the oath of the officer, by whom it is directed to be kept, shall be returned yearly to the Comptroller of the State for his inspection, and that of the General Assembly of the State, to which the Comptroller shall, at each regular session thereof, make a report showing what officers have complied with this Section; and each of the said officers, when the amount received by him for the year shall exceed the sum which he is by Law entitled to retain, as his salary or compensation for the discharge of his duties, and for the expenses of his office, shall yearly pay over to the Treasurer of the State the amount of such excess, subject to such disposition thereof as the General Assembly may direct; if any of such officers shall fail to comply with the requisi- tions of this Section for the period of thirty days after the expiration of each and every year of his office, such officer shall be deemed to have vacated his office, and the Gover- nor shall declare the same vacant, and the vacancy therein shall be filled as in case of vacancy for any other cause, and such officer shall be subject to suit by the State for the amount that ought to be paid into the Treasury; and no person holding any office created by, or existing under this Constitution or Laws of the State, or holding any appointment, under any Court in this State, shall receive more than [Art. 15, Sec. 2] MARYLAND MANUAL 417

three thousand dollars a year as a compensation for the discharge of his official duties, except in cases specially provided in this Constitution. Sec. 2. The several Courts existing in this State at the time of the adoption of the Constitution shall, until superseded under its provisions, continue with like powers and jurisdiction, and in the exercise thereof, both at Law and in Equity, in all respects, as if this Constitution had not been adopted; and when said Courts shall be so superseded, all causes, then depending in said Courts shall pass into the jurisdiction of the several Courts, by which they may, respectively, superseded.1 Sec. 3. The Governor, and all officers, civil and military, now holding office under this State, whether by election or appointment, shall continue to hold, exercise and discharge the duties of their offices (unless inconsistent with, or otherwise provided in this Constitution), until they shall be superseded, under its provisions, and until their successors shall be duly qualified. Sec. 4. If at any election directed by this Constitution, any two or more candidates shall have the highest and an equal number of votes, a new election shall be ordered by the Governor, except in cases specially provided for by this Constitution. Sec. 5. In the trial of all criminal cases, the jury shall be the Judges of the Law, as well as of fact, except that the Court may pass upon the sufficiency of the evidence to sus- tain a conviction.2 Sec. 6. The right of trial by Jury of all issues of fact in civil proceedings in the several Courts of Law in this State, where the amount in controversy exceeds the sum of five dollars, shall be inviolably preserved. Sec. 7. All general elections in this State shall be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of November, in the year in which they shall occur; and the first election of all officers, who, under this Constitution, are required to be elected by the people, shall, except in cases herein specially provided for, be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, in the year eighteen hundred and sixty-seven. Sec. 8. The Sheriffs of the several Counties of this State, and of the City of Baltimore, shall give notice of the several 1 The word “be” evidently omitted. 2 Thus amended by Chapter 407, Acts of 1949, ratified November 7, 1950. 418 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 15, Sec. 9] elections authorized by this Constitution, in the manner prescribed by existing Laws for elections to be hied in this State, until said Laws shall be changed. Sec. 9. The term of office of all Judges and other officers, for whose election provision is made by this Constitu- tion, shall except in cases otherwise expressly provided herein, commence from the time of their Election; and all such officers shall qualify as soon after their election as practicable, and shall enter upon the duties of their respective offices immediately upon their qualification; and the Term of office of the State Librarian and of the Commis- sioner of the Land Office shall commence from the time of their appointment. Sec. 10. Any officer elected or appointed in pursuance of the provisions of this Constitution, may qualify, either according to the existing provisions of law, in relation to officers under the present Constitution, or before the Gov- ernor of the State, or before any Clerk of any Court of Record in any part of the State; but in case an officer shall qualify out of the County in which he resides, an official copy of his oath shall be filed and recorded in the Clerk’s office of the Circuit Court of the County in which he may reside, or in the Clerk’s office of the Superior Court of the City of Bal- timore, it he shall reside therein. All words or phrases, used in creating nublic offices and positions under the Constitu- tion and laws of this State, which denote the masculine gender shall be construed to include the feminine gender, unless the contrary intention is specifically expressed.1 Sec. 11. No person who is a member of an organization that advocates the overthrow of the Government of the United States or of the State of Maryland through force or violence shall be eligible to hold any office, be it elective or appointive, or any other position of profit or trust in the Government of or in the administration of the business of this State or of any county, municipality or other political subdivision of this State.2 o ARTICLE XVI.3 THE REFERENDUM. Section 1. (a) The people reserve to themselves power known as The Referendum, by petition to have sub- 1 Thus amended by Chapter 27B, Acts of 1922, ratified November 7, 1922. 2 Added by Chapter 721, Acts of 1947, ratified November 2, 1948. 8 Added by Chapter 673, Acts of 1914, ratified November 2, 1916. [Art. 16, Sec. 2] MARYLAND MANUAL 419 mitted to the registered voters of the State, to approve or reject at the polls, any Act, or part of any Act of the Gen- eral Assembly, if approved by the Governor, or, if passed by the General Assembly over the veto of the Governor; (b) The provisions of this Article shall be self-execut- ing; provided that additional legislation in furtherance thereof and not in conflict therewith may be enacted. Sec. 2. No law enacted by the General Assembly shall take effect until the first day of June next after the session at which it may be passed, unless it contain a Section de- claring such law an emergency law and necessary for the immediate preservation of the public health or safety, and passed upon a yea and nay vote supported by three-fifths of all the members elected to each of the two Houses of the General Assembly; provided, however, that said period of suspension may be extended as provided in Section 3 (b) hereof. If before said first day of June there shall have been filed with the Secretary of the State a petition to refer to a vote of the people any law or part of a law capable of referendum, as in this Article provided, the same shall be referred by the Secretary of State to such vote, and shall not become a law or take effect until thirty days after its approval by a majority of the electors voting thereon at the next ensuing election held throughout the State for Members of the House of Representatives of the United States. An emergency law shall remain in force notwithstanding such petition, but shall stand repealed thirty days after having been rejected by a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon; provided, however, that no measure creating or abolishing any office, or changing the salary, term or duty of any officer, or granting any franchise or special privilege, or creating any vested right or interest, shall be enacted as an emergency law. No law making any appropriation for maintaining the State Gov- ernment, or for maintaining or aiding any public institution, not exceeding the next previous appropriation for the same purpose, shall be subject to rejection or repeal under this Section. The increase in any such appropriation for maintaining or aiding any public institution shall only take effect as in the case of other laws, and such increase or any part thereof specified in the petition, may be referred to a vote of the people upon petition. Sec. 3. (a) The referendum petition against an Act or part of an Act passed by the General Assembly, shall be sufficient if signed by ten thousand qualified voters of the State of Maryland, of whom not more than half shall be 420 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 16, Sec. 4] residents of Baltimore City, or of any one County; provided that any Public Local Law, for any one County or the City of Baltimore, shall be referred by the Secretary of State only to the people of said County or City of Baltimore, upon a referendum petition of ten per cent of the qualified voters of said County or City of Baltimore as the case may be, calculated upon the whole number of votes cast therein respectively for Governor at the last preceding Gubernatorial election. (b) If more than one-half, but less than the full number of signatures required to complete any referendum petition against any law passed by the General Assembly, be filed with Secretary of State before the first day of June, the time for the law to take effect, and for filing the remainder of signatures to complete the petition shall be extended to the thirtieth day of the same month, with like effect. Sec. 4. A petition may consist of several papers, but each paper shall contain the full text of the Act or part of Act petitioned upon; and there shall be attached to each such paper an affidavit of the person procuring the signatures thereon that of the said person’s own personal knowledge every signature thereon is genuine and bona fide, and that the signers are registered voters of the State of Mary- land, and of the City of Baltimore, or County, as the case may be, as set opposite their names, and no other verification shall be required. Sec. 5. (a) The General Assembly shall provide for furnishing the voters of the State the text of all measures to be voted upon by the people; provided, that until otherwise provided by law the same shall be published in the manner prescribed by Article XIV of the Constitution for the publication of proposed Constitutional Amendments. (b) All laws referred under the provisions of this Ar- ticle shall be submitted separately on the ballots to the voters of the people, but if containing more than two hundred words, the full text shall not be printed on the official ballots, but the Secretary of State shall prepare and submit a ballot title of each such measure in such form as to present the purpose of said measure concisely and intelligently. The ballot title may be distinct from the legislative title, but in any case the legislative title shall be sufficient. Upon each of the ballots, following the ballot title or text, as the case may be, of each such measure, there shall be printed the works “For the referred law” and “Against the re- [Art. 16, Sec. 6] MARYLAND MANUAL 421 ferred law,” as the case may be. The votes cast for and against any such referred law shall be returned to the Governor in the manner prescribed with respect to pro- posed_ amendments to the Constitution under Article XIV of this Constitution, and the Governor shall proclaim the result of the election, and, if it shall appear that the majority of the votes cast on any such measure were cast in favor thereof, the Governor shall by his proclamation declare the same having received a majority of the votes to have been adopted by the people of Maryland as a part of the laws of the State, to take effect thirty days after such election, and in like manner and with like effect the Gov- ernor shall proclaim the result of the local election as to any Public Local Law which shall have been submitted to the voters of any County or of the City of Baltimore. Sec. 6. No law^or Constitutional Amendment, licensing, regulating, prohibiting, or submitting to local option, the manufacture or sale of malt or spirituous liquors, shall be referred or repealed under any Act of the provisions of this Article. o

ARTICLE XVII.’ QUADRENNIAL ELECTIONS. Section 1. All State officers elected by qualified voters (except judges of the Circuit Courts of the several circuits, the member of the Court of Appeals from Baltimore City, and members of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City), and all county officers elected by qualified voters, shall hold office for terms of four years, and until their successors shall qualify. Sec. 2. Elections by qualified voters for State and county officers shall be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, in the year nineteen hundred and twenty-six, and on the same day in every fourth year thereafter. Sec. 3. Members of the House of Delegates and all other State and county officers elected by the qualified voters at the election to be held on the Tuesday next after the first Mon- day of November, in the year nineteen hundred and twenty- three for terms of office heretofore fixed by law at two years, shall hold office for terms of three years; the Gov- ernor, Attorney General, members of the State Senate and 1 Added by Chapter 227, Acts of 1922, ratified November 7, 1922. 422 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 17, Sec. 4] all other State and County officers elected by the qualified voters at the election to be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, in the year nineteen hundred and twenty-three, for terms of office heretofore fixed by law at four years, shall hold office for terms of three years; Registers of Wills, Clerks of Court and all other State and county officers elected by qualified voters at the election to be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of No- vember, in the year nineteen hundred and tweny-three, for terms of office heretofore fixed by law at six years, shall hold office for terms of three years; and all such State and county officers elected by qualified voters thereafter shall hold office for terms of four years. Sec. 4. All officers to be appointed by the Governor under existing provisions of law in the year nineteen hundred and twenty-four for terms of office heretofore fixed by law at two years, shall hold office Tor terms of three years; all officers so appointed for terms of office heretofore fixed by law at four years, shall hold office for terms of three years; all officers so appointed for terms of office heretofore fixed by law at six years, shall hold office for terms of five years, and thereafter appointments by the Governor shall be for the terms heretofore fixed by law, unless otherwise duly changed by law. All officers appointed by County Commis- sioners after the election to be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, nineteen hundred and twenty-three, for terms of office of two, four or six years, shall hold office for terms of three years; and thereafter appointment by the County Commissioners shall be for terms of four years, unless otherwise duly changed by law. Sec. 5. The terms of all State and county officers heretofore elected by qualified voters, and whose successors would not be elected until the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, nineteen hundred and twenty-five, shall be increased by one year, and their successors shall be elected for the regular term at the election to be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, nineteen hundred and twenty-six. The terms of all State and county officers heretofore elected by qualified voters, and whose successors would not be elected until the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, nineteen hundred and twenty-seven, shall remain unchanged; their successors shall be elected for a term of three years at the elections to be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, nineteen hundred and twenty-six, but shall not [Art. 17, Sec. 6] MARYLAND MANUAL 423 take office until the expiration of the full term for which their predecessors have been elected; and their successors shall be elected for the regular term at the election to be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of No- vember, nineteen hundred and thirty. Nothing herein shall affect the terms of any judge of the Circuit Court of the several circuits, the member of the Court of Appeals from Baltimore City, or any member of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City; if the term of any such judge shall expire in a year in which no election for members of the General Assembly is held, the Governor shall appoint a person duly qualified to fill said office, who shall hold the same until the next general election for members of the General Assembly, when a successor shall be elected for the term elsewhere provided. The terms of all State and county officers heretofore appointed for terms which will not expire until during the year nineteen hundred and twenty-five, nineteen hundred and twenty-six, nineteen hundred and twenty-seven or nineteen hundred and twenty-eight shall be reduced by one year, and their successors shall be appointed for the terms now provided by law in the years nineteen hundred and twenty-four, nineteen hundred and twenty-five, nineteen hundred and twenty-six or nineteen hundred and twenty-seven, respectively. In the event that the term of any officer appointed by the Gover- nor with the advice and consent of the Senate shall expire in the year nineteen hundred and twenty-five or twenty- six, the Governor shall have power to appoint a successor, who shall serve for the full term subject to confirmation by the Senate at the regular session to be held under this Article in the year nineteen hundred and twenty-seven. Sec. 6. The General Assembly shall meet on the first Wednesday of January, nineteen hundred and twenty-four, for a regular session, and shall not meet again for a regular session until the first Wednesday of January, nineteen hundred and twenty-seven, and the General Assembly shall meet on the same day in every second year thereafter and at no other time, unless convened by proclamation of the Governor.1 Sec. 7. The term of the Treasurer elected by the Gen- eral Assembly at the regular session of nineteen hundred and twenty-four shall be three years. Thereafter the term shall be the same as elsewhere provided. 1 Section 6 made inoperative by the ratification on November 2, 1948. See Article III, Section 14. of Chapter 497, Acta of 1947, 424 MARYLAND MANUAL [Art. 17, Sec. 8]

Sec. 8. The terms of the members of the Board of Su- pervisors of Elections of Baltimore City and of the several counties shall commence on the first Monday of June next ensuing their appointment. Sec. 9. The vote to be held under the provisions of Section 2 of Article XIV of the Constitution for the purpose of taking the sense of the people in regard to calling a Constitutional Convention shall be held at the general election in the year nineteen hundred and thirty, and every twenty years thereafter. Sec. 10. The Governor shall submit three budgets to the General Assembly at the regular session of nineteen hundred and twenty-four, in accordance with the provisions of Section 52 of Article III of the Constitution, for the three fiscal years beginning October first, nineteen hundred and twenty-four and ending September thirtieth, nineteen hundred and twenty-seven, and two budgets to the General Assembly at the regular session of nineteen hundred and twenty-seven, and thereafter as now provided by said section. Sec. 11. The purpose of this Article is to reduce the number of elections, by providing that all State and county elections shall be held only in every fourth year, and at the time now provided by law for holding congressional elections ; and to bring the terms of appointive officers into harmony with the changes effected in the time of the beginning of the terms of elective officers; and the administrative and judicial officers of the State shall construe the provisions of this Article so as to effectuate that purpose. For the purpose of this Article only the word “officers” shall be construed to include those holding positions and other places of employment in the State and county governments whose terms are fixed by law, but it shall not include any appointments made by the Board of Public Works, nor appointments by the Governor for terms of three years. SEC. 12. The General Assembly, at the regular session of the year nineteen hundred and twenty-four, shall make such changes in the primary and general election laws, and otherwise, as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Article. There shall be no election for State or county officers in the year nineteen hundred and twenty- five. Se_c._ 13. In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of this Article and any of the other provisions [Art. 17, Sec. 13] MARYLAND MANUAL 425 of the Constitution, the provisions of this Article shall prevail, and all other provisions shall be repealed or abrogated to the extent of such inconsistency.

VOTE ON THE CONSTITUTION. For the purpose of ascertaining the sense of the people of this State, in regard to the adoption or rejection of this Constitution, the Governor shall issue his _ Proclamation within five days after the adjournment of this Convention, directed to the Sheriffs of the City of Baltimore, and of the several Counties of this State, commanding them to give notice, in the manner now prescribed by Law in reference to the election of members of the House of Delegates, that an election for the adoption or rejection of this Constitution, will be held in the City of Baltimore, and in the several Counties of this State, on Wednesday, the Eighteenth day of September, in the year eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, at the usual places of holding elections for members of the House of Delegates in said City and Counties. At the said election the vote shall be by ballot, and upon each ballot, there shall be written or printed the words, “For the Con- stitution,” or “Against the Constitution,” as the voter may elect; and the provisions of the Laws of this State, relating to the holding of general elections for members of the House of Delegates, shall, in all respects, apply to and regulate the holding of the said election. It shall be the duty of the Judges of Election in said City and in the several Counties of the State, to receive, accurately count, and duly return the number of ballots, so cast for, or against the adoption of this Constitution, as well as any blank ballots, which may be cast, to the several Clerks of the Circuit Courts of this State, and to the Clerk of the Superior Court of Baltimore City, in the manner now prescribed by Law, in reference to the election of members of the House of Delegates, and duplicates thereof directly to the Governor; and the several Clerks, aforesaid shall return to the Governor, within ten days after said election, the number of ballots cast for or against the Constitution, and the number of blank ballots; and the Governor, upon receiving the returns, from the Judges of Election, or the Clerks as aforesaid and ascertaining the aggregate vote throughout the State, shall, by his proclamation, make known the same; and if a majority of the votes cast shall be for the adoption of this Constitution, it shall go into effect on Saturday, the fifth day of October, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven. 426 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~Done in Convention, the seventeenth day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, and of the Independence of the United States the ninety-second.~~

~~RICHD. B. CARMICHAEL, President of the Convention~~

~~Attest: MILTON Y. KIDD, Secretary MARYLAND MANUAL 427~~

~~INDEX TO CONSTITUTION~~

Where no section numbers are given, the reference are to Articles in the Declaration of Rights Art. Sec. Absentee voting 1 1A Acts (See Governor—Veto) Acts of Assembly in Force Adjournment of Legislature 25 Adjutant General, appointment, duties, etc 2 Advertisements, internal improvements—county assistance 54 Affirmations (See Oaths of office) Agriculture, Superintendent of Labor and 10 1-7 Alcoholic Beverages, local option laws not subject to referendum. . 16 6 Allegany County, Circuit Court Judges—number 4 21 Amendments to Constitution, convention for altering—vote of 14 2 people as to 17 9 Amendments to Constitution proposed by Legislature, publication, adoption, proclamation, etc 14 1 Annapolis, Adjutant General to be at 9 2 Court of Appeals to meet at 4 14 Governor to reside at 2 21 Legislature may meet elsewhere during; emergency 2 16 Legislature to meet in 11 State Comptroller and Treasurer to keep offices at 6 1 Appellate Judicial Circuits 4 14 Appointments, Governor and Senate to make 2 10-14 Appropriations, bills for 3 32 How to make 3 52 Restrictions as to referendum 16 2 Armies, standing 29 Attainder, laws of Attorney General, Clerk of Court of Appeals and Commissioner of of Land Office to notify as to cases 6 Duties, compensation, additional counsel 3 Election, term, removal 1,2 Qualifications for 5 4 State’s Attorneys—recommends removal of 5 7 Term of office 17 3 Vacancy filled by Governor 5 5 Attorney (State’s)—(See State’s Attorney) Bail, excessive, not to be required 25 Ballots, elections to be by 1 Baltimore City, charter provisions as to Mayor and Council Condemnation of property in 3 40A Constables—appointment 4 42, 43 Constables and clerks in People’s Court 4 41A Home rule (See Home Rule) Legislative districts of 3 2, 4 Mayor and City Council 11 1-9 Off-street parking 11C 1, 2 People’s Court (See Courts) Port Development 11D 1-3 Redevelopment Commission (See Baltimore Redevelopment Commission) Sheriff, election, powers, etc 44 State’s Attorney, Deputy, etc 9 Supreme Bench (See Courts) Baltimore County, Circuit Court Judges—number 21 Baltimore Redevelopment Commission, authorized, creation, powers, etc 11B 1-3 Banks, books, etc., to be open for inspection 3 39 Bequests, sanction 38 428 MARYLAND MANUAL Art. Sec. Bill of Rights 1-45 Bills (See Governor—veto; Legislature) Board of Public Works, duties, powers 12 2,3 Members, journal, meetings •'”..111....!.... 12 1 Bonds (Surety), Sheriffs 4 44 State Comptroller and Treasurer 11.1111.1 6 1 State Librarian ' 7 3 State’s Attorneys 111111111 5 12 Books not to be purchased for members of Legislature 3 16 Bribery, voters 1 3 State officers 1.. 11.111.11.1.1.1.1 3 50 Budget Amendment 3 52 Budget Bill, Governor to submit three in 1924 17 10 Calvert County, internal improvements in 3 34 Charles County, internal improvements in 3 34 Charters of corporations 3 Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Board of Public Works to vote stock 48 in 12 Circuit Courts (See Courts) 2 Civil cases, trial by jury, for sums over $5.00 Clerks of Courts (See Courts) 15 6 Commander of State military forces 2 Commissioner of the Land Office (See Land Office) 8 Commissions, form 4 13 Common Law, people entitled to 5 Compact theory of Government 1 Compensation of public officers, contractors, etc 3 Comptroller (See State Comptroller) 36, 35A Condemnation, Baltimore Redevelopment Commission 11B 1 Private property 3 40, 40A 41B Congressman may not serve in Legislature 3 10 Constables, account of fees; exception 15 1 Appointment, number, term, duties 4 42, 43 People’s Court of Baltimore City 4 41A Constitution of Maryland applies at all times 44 Constitution of United States applies at all times 44 Constitution of United States supreme law of State 2 Constitution amendments (See amendments to Constitution) Contested elections 3 47 Contingent fund 3 32 Convictions, corruption of blood, forfeiture of estate 27 Coroners, account of fees, exception 15 1 Appointment 4 45 Corporations, bribery of officers 3 50 Foreign, taxation of 3 58 Formation, rights, taxation !!!!!!!!!. 3 48 Corruption of blood 27 Counsel, right of in criminal prosecution 21 Counties, Delegates in Legislature 3 3-5 Internal improvements, restricted as to 3 54 Legislature may form new; restriction ' 13 1 Wicomico County formed !!!!! 13 County charters (See Home Rule) 2-5 County Commissioners, Constables—appointment 4 42, 43 Election, numbers, compensation, term, etc 7 1 Legislature’s powers as to, under Home Rule 11A 6 Court of Appeals (See Courts) Courts (See also Judiciary) Certification of laws to 1 1 1 1 1 3 30 Circuit Courts—Chief Judges, salaries 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 24 Court in banc ’ ’ ’ 4 22 Decisions to be rendered in two months . 4 23 Exception as to quadrennial elections 17 1, 5 Held in each county; jurisdiction 4 20 Judge to fill Clerk’s vacancy 4 25 Judges on Court of Appeals 4 14 MARYLAND MANUAL 429 Art. Sec. Judicial circuits 4 19 Number of Judges, appointment, election, ubiel Judge, terms, quorum, salaries 4 21 Power vested in 4 1 Reports of work of .•••••••• 4 18A Somerset and Worcester Counties—apportion debts, etc., of Wicomico County 13 3 Clerk of Court of Appeals—notify Attorney General of State cases 5 6 Selection 4 17 Clerks of Courts, deputies 4 26 Duties, fees, regulations as to 4 10 Election returns for Attorney General 5 2 Election returns and certification 4 11, 12 Election, term, vacancy 4 25 Fees, compensation 3 45 Officers may qualify before 15 10 Supreme Bench 4 37, 38 Term of office 17 3 Court of Appeals—Annapolis to be meeting place 4 14 Appeals pending January 1, 1945 4 21 Appointment; vacancy 4 14 Assignment of Judges .•••.•; 4 13A, 18A Chief Judge—Administrative head of judiciary 4 18A Chief Judge—designated 4 14 Clerk 4 17 Election to 4 14 Eligibility of members of Legislature 4 21 Exception as to quadrennial elections 17 1, 5 Hearings, opinions, judgments 4 15 Laws recorded with •. • • •. 3 30 Number of Judges; appellate circuits 4 14 Power vested in 4 1 Reports to be published 4 15, 16 Rules of, practice, forms, fees, etc 4 18, 18A Salary, sessions, quorum 4 14, 15, 24 Supreme Bench, appeals from 4 33 Jurisdiction after adoption of Constitution 15 2 Justices of the Peace, appeals from. 4 42 Appeals from, in Baltimore City 4 28,34 Hearing in banc on appeals from 4 22 Number to be appointed 4 41B, 42 Process in 4 1 Orphans’ Court, election powers, vacancy, compensation . . 4 40 Power vested in 4 1 Transfer of venue 4 8 People’s Courts—Constables and Clerks 4 41A Establishment, Judges, jurisdiction, etc...... 4 41B Number of Judges, term, election, qualifications, compensation, jurisdiction 4 41A Rules; powers as to 4 18A 4 39 Supreme Bench—additional Judge 4 34 Appeals from Baltimore City Court 4 32 Assignment of Judges # 4 37, 38 Clerks; election, salaries, duties 4 27 Courts comprising 4 23 Decisions to be rendered in two months 4 31, 31A Election, terms, salaries. 17 1, 5 Exception as to quadrennial elections 4 28, 29, 30, Jurisdiction of several courts of 36, 39 Motions for new trial, in arrest of judgment 4 33 Officers appointed, cpmpensation 4 9 Power vested in 4 1 Quorum 4 35 Reports of work of 4 18A State’s Attorney, assistants, expenses 5 9 Terms, jurisdictions, appeals from 4 33 Trials without jury 4 39 Vacancy as Chief Judge 3 5 Writs and process in name of Chief Judge 4 34 Credit of State not to be given 3 34 Criminal cases; indeterminate sentences, suspension, parole 3 60 Jury judge of law as well as fact 15 5 Right of accused 21 430 MARYLAND MANUAL Art. Sec. Cruel and unusual punishments 16, 25 Debt, no person to be imprisoned for 3 38 Debts of State, to be discharged within fifteen years 3 34 Debtors’ laws to be passed 3 44 Declaration of rights 1-45 Deeds not to be validated by special act 3 33 Divorces not to be granted by Legislature 3 33 Duels, penalty for 3 41 Education (See Public Schools) 8 1-3 Education to be encouraged 43 Elections (See Referendum) Absentee voting for soldiers, etc 1 1A Attorney General 5 1,2 Ballots to be used 1 1 Bribery of voters 1 3 Clerks of Courts, election of 4 25, 37 Returns, certifications 4 11, 12 Commissions issued by Governor 4 11, 12, 13 Contested 3 47 County Commissioners 7 1 Court of Appeals 4 14 General, when to be held 15 7 Governor; time, manner, etc 2 2-4 Illegal voting 1 4 Judges, election of 4 3, 5 Returns, certifications 4 11, 12 Laws to be passed for 3 42 Legislature—to regulate 3 49 Time for 3 7 Oath for officeholders 1 6, 7 Orphans’ Courts 4 40 Quadrennial (See Quadrennial elections) Registers of Wills, election of 4 41 Returns, certification 4 11, 12 Registration; uniform laws, effect of 1 5 Residence requirements for voting 1 I, 1A Returns and certification 4 II, 12 Right of people to participate in 7 Sheriffs, election of 4 44 To give notice of 15 8 State Comptroller 6 1 State’s Attorneys, election of 5 7, 8 Returns 4 11 Supervisors of—term 17 8 Supreme Bench of Baltimore City 4 31, 39 Surveyor 7 2 Tie votes—House of Delegates to decide 4 12 New election to be ordered 15 4 Voters, qualifications for 7 Who may vote 1 1-5 When to be held 17 2 Wicomico County 13 4 Wreck Master, Worcester County 7 6 Elisors—appointment 4 45 Emergency laws—emergency clause; effect of referendum; what laws may not be 16 2 Eminent domain (See Condemnation) English statutes, people entitled to benefit of 5 Evidence—self incrimination 22 Ex post facto laws 17 Execution, property protected from 3 44 Executive (See Governor; Secretary of State) Department; powers, etc 2 1-23 Powers of, as trustee of public 6 Rotation in office of 34 Separation of powers of 8 Fees, account of, reports 15 1 Clerks of courts 3 45 4 10 Registers of Wills 3 45 Sheriffs—paid to counties 4 44 State’s Attorneys 5 9 Feminine gender included in masculine 15 10 MARYLAND MANUAL 431 Art. Sec. Fines and forfeitures, excessive, not to be required 25 Governor may remit 2 20 Foreign corporations, taxation of 3 58 Foreign powers, presents to officers from, prohibited 35 Forfeiture of estate 27 Freedom of speech 40 General Assembly (See Legislature) General Elections, when to be held 15 7 God, belief in existence of 36, 37 Government, Constitutions to apply at all times 44 Militia as defense of 28 Origin of, in compact 1 Right to alter 1, 6 State—powers of the people 4 Governor (See Executive; Secretary of State) Adjutant General, appointment 9 2 Annapolis, to reside at 2 21 Appoints civil and military officers; removal 2 10-15 Attorney General, receive election returns for; oath . 5 2 Supervision over, employment of additional counsel. 5 3 Vacancy in office of 5 5 Bills, approval of 3 30 Board of Public Work—member 12 1 Budgets, three to be submitted in 1924 17 10 To submit 3 52 Civil officers, appointment 2 10 Removal, suspension 2 15 Commander of State military forces. . 2 8 Commissioner of the Land Office appointed by 7 4 Comptroller’s accounts to be examined by 2 18 Constitutional amendments, proclamation as to 14 1 Contingent fund 3 32 Court of Appeals appointment; to, vacancies; 4 14 Elections—commissions issued by 4 11, 12, 13 Tie votes—new election to be ordered 15 4 Time, manner, tie vote, etc 2 2-4 Execution of laws by... 2 9 Executive power vested in 2 1 Fines and forfeitures remitted by 2 20 Grants signed by ;•••. 4 13 Holds position after adoption of Constitution 15 3 Judges, appointment of 4 5 Removal from office 4 4 Retirement of _ 4 3 Justices of the Peace, number to be appointed 4 41B, 42 Legislature—convened by, for special sessions 2 16 Messages, measures to be sent to 2 19 Proclamation for special session 3 14 Representation in, arranged by 3 5 Vacancy in, filled by 3 13 Military officers, appointment 2 10 Removal, suspension 2 15 Nolle prosequi granted by 2 20 Officers may qualify before 15 10 Offices declared vacant for not filing reports 15 1 Orphans’ Courts—vacancy in, filled by 4 40 Pardons, power of 2 20 People’s Courts, appointment to 2 41A Private Secretary, office abolished 2 22 Referendum, proclamation of results 16 5 Reprieves, power of. . . 2 20 Requirements to be eligible; as 2 5 Salary 2 21 Secretary of State appointed by 2 22 Sheriff—to fill vacancy in office 4 44 State Comptroller, vacancy filled by; charges against 6 1, State Librarian, appointment of...... 7 State Treasurer—approve banking institutions 6 Publication of accounts of 6 Vacancy filled by, charges against 6 1, Term of office 2 17 CO H* CTJ 4^ 05 Treasurer’s accounts to be examined by 2 18 Vacancy in office, how filled 2 6,7 Veto—effect of item veto 3 52 Power of 2 17 Wicomico County, proclamation as to 13 2 432 MARYLAND MANUAL Art. Sec. Grand inquest 3 24 Grants, form 4 13 Great Seal, commissions and grants 4 13 Habeas Corpus, jurisdiction in Baltimore City 4 29 Not to be suspended 3 55 Hereditary honors not to be granted 42 Highways (See Roads) Home Rule—charter, amendments to 11A 5 Charter, provisions of 11A 3 Definitions, miscellaneous 11A 7 Express powers to be enacted 11A 2 Municipalities Petition for charter board, election, preparation of charter, HE 1-6 submission to voters HA 1 House of Delegates (See Legislature) Husband (See Wife) Immigration, agent. Commissioner of 10 3 Impeachment, Judges 4 4 Legislature has power of 3 26 No power of reprieve or pardon 2 20 Income tax on Judges, etc 3 35A Indictments, accused to have copy of 21 Form 4 13 Infamous crime, conviction of, disqualifies for voting 1 2 Inspectors of tobacco, term, appointment 2 13 Interest, legal rate of 3 57 Internal improvements—Board of Public Works may sell State's interest in 12 3 Counties restricted in assisting 3 54 State not to be involved in; exception 3 34 Item veto (See Governor—veto) Journals (See Legislature) Judges, income tax on 3 35A Judiciary (See Courts, Juries) Administrative head, Chief Judge of Court of Appeals 4 18A Appellate circuits 4 14 Courts in which power vested 4 1 Independence of 33 Judges—appoint officers; report as to 4 9 Appointments by Governor 4 5 Assignment 4 13A, 18A Cases in which disqualified 4 7 Conservators of peace 4 6 Election; returns and certification 4 11, 12 Election, term, retirement 4 3, 5 Not to hold other office 33 Qualifications 4 2,5 Removal from Office 33 4 ‘4 Removal of Justices of the Peace and Constables .. . 4 42 Salary, perquisites, etc 4 6, 24 State's Attorney’s vacancy filled by 5 11 Supervision over Clerks of Courts 4 10 Vacancy in office 4 3, 5 Judicial Circuits, described 4 19 Wicomico County in First 13 5 Officers of courts—appointment, compensation, etc 4 9 Punishments, fines, bail 25 Reports of work of 4 18A Separation of powers of 8 Transfer of venue 4 8 Juries—case may be tried without 4 8 Condemnation proceedings 3 40,40A, 40B Depriving of life, liberty and property 23 Judges of law as well as of fact 15 5 People entitled to trial by 5 Religious belief of jurors not to make incompetent 36 Speedy trial by 21 Supreme Bench, trials without 4 39 Trial by, in civil cases for sums over $5.00 15 6 Trial of facts 20 MARYLAND MANUAL 433 Art. Sec. Justice, speedy right to 19 Justices of the Peace (See Courts) Account of fees; exception 15 1 Legislature, eligible for 3 11 Labor and Agriculture, Superintendent of 10 1-7 Land Office—-Commissioner; appointment, duties, salary, report. . 7 4, 5 Commissioner to notify Attorney General of State cases ... 5 6 Term of office 15 9 Law Department (See Attorney General) Laws (See Legislature) Attainder by 18 Ex post facto 17 Execution of by Governor 2 9 Retrospective, oppressive 17 Sanguinary, to be avoided 16 Suspension of 9 When to take effect 16 2 Legislature, absent voting by soldiers, etc.—may provide for 1 1A Accounts of officers may be inspected by 15 1 Acts as of 1867 in force 5 Adjournment—neither House to adjourn without consent of other 3 25 Annapolis as place of meeting 11 Appropriations, bills for 3 32 How to make. . 3 52 Attorney General, additional counsel for 5 3 To write opinions for 5 3 Baltimore City, districts of 3 2, 4 Baltimore Redevelopment Commission, powers as to 11B 1 Banks—books, etc. to be open for inspection 3 39 Bills (See Laws, hereunder) Great Seal affixed; approval 3 30 Majority required for passage 3 28 Originate in either House 3 27 Printed or engrossed for third reading 3 27 Ten day limit on introduction 3 27 Three readings required 3 27 Yeas and nays on 3 28 Board of Public Works, powers given to 12 1 Books which may not be purchased for members 3 16 Borrowing power, temporary 3 34 Bribery of State officers 3 50 Budget amendment 3 52 Charters of corporations 3 48 Clerks of Courts—fees, compensation 3 45 Regulations as to 4 10 Compensation of public officers, contractors, etc 3 35 Condemnation of private property 3 40, 40A, 40B Constitutional amendments—proposed by Legislature 14 1 Vote of people as to convention 14 2 17 9 Contested elections 3 47 Contingent fund 3 32 Convened frequently 12 Corporations, bribery of officer of 3 60 Foreign, taxation of 3 68 Laws as to 3 48 Counties—may be formed by; restriction 13 1,6 Number of delegates in 3 3-5 Restricted as to internal improvements 3 64 County Commissioners, powers as to, under Home Rule. . . 11A 6 Court of Appeals, rules of 4 18 Court officers, report as to 4 9 Credit of State not to be given 3 34 Debts, no person to be imprisoned for 3 38 To be discharged within 15 years 3 34 Debtors’ laws to be passed 3 44 Doors to be kept open generally 3 21 Duels, penalty for 3 41 Education, arts, sciences, etc., to be encouraged 43 Elections—contested 3 47 Judges of, regulation of, etc 3 49 Laws to be changed to fit quadrennial elections 17 12 Laws to be passed for 3 42 Emergency laws to have 3/5 majority 16 2 434 MARYLAND MANUAL Art. Sec. Eminent domain 3 49, 40A,4 Execution, property protected from 3 ’ 0B44 Fees—Clerks of Courts, Register of Wills 3 45 Freedom of speech in 10 General powers 3 56 Governor, chosen by, in event of tie 2 4 Elect successor to fill vacancy 2 6, 7 Messages and measures sent by 2 19 Pardons, etc., reported to 2 20 Grand inquest 3 24 Habeas corpus not to be suspended 3 55 Home rule powers to be enacted; restrictions upon Legislature 11A 2, 4, 6 House of Delegates, accounts examined by 3 24 Chief Clerk, bills signed in presence of 3 30 County representation in 3 3-5 Election, term 3 6, 7 Established 3 1 Grand inquest 3 24 Impeachments brought by 3 26 Quadrennial elections 17 3, 6 Speaker, bills signed in presence of 3 30 Budget bill sent to 3 52 Open election returns for Governor 2 2, 3 Salary 3 15 Tie votes in elections decided by 4 12 Impeachment—Judges 4 4 Procedure 3 26 Interest, legal rate of 3 57 Internal improvements, counties restricted as to 3 54 Not to be made by 3 34 Journals—constitutional amendments 14 1 Publication 3 22 Veto messages entered in, votes entered in 2 17 Yeas and nays on any question entered in 3 22 Judges, assignment of 4 13A Eligibility of members to be 4 21 Income tax on 3 35A Removal from office 4 4 Retirement of 4 3 Laws (See Bills, hereunder) Certification of 3 30 Financial statement published with 3 32 Publication of 3 30 Recorded with Court of Appeals 3 30 Requirements as to passing 3 29 Time to take effect 3 31 Title to describe subject 3 29 Local Laws not to be passed 3 33 Lotteries not to be authorized 3 36 Members, each House to judge qualifications of . . 3 19 Expulsion or punishment of 3 19 Not eligible for certain offices 3 17 Not liable for words spoken in debate 3 18 Mileage of members 3 15 Militia—consent to Governor to command in person 2 8 To provide for 9 1,3 Mortgages, taxation of 3 51 Municipal corporations 3 48 Nays (See Yeas and nays, hereunder) Officers, appointed by 3 19 Punishment of 3 23 Salary not to be changed during term 3 35 Orphans’ Courts, powers of 4 40 Paroles authorized 3 60 Pensions—general system forbidden 3 59 People’s Courts, establishment, etc 4 41B Number of Judges 4 41A Personal property, taxation 3 51 Petition, right to 13 Port Development 11D 1,2 Powers of, as trustees of public 6 Printing and stationery committee 3 24 Program Budget 3 52 Public schools, to provide for 8 1-3 Punishment of officers and others 3 23 Qualifications for members of 3 9-12 Quorum 3 20 Referendum—Text of measures to be furnished to voters 16 5 MARYLAND MANUAL 435 Art. Sec. Registers of Wills—fees, compensation 3 45 Regular sessions—extended for budget bill 3 52 Length 3 15 Time of 3 14 When to meet 17 6 Resolutions—passage 3 28 Right of people to participate in 7 Rules of procedure determined by 3 i9 Salaries of members 3 15 Salary of public officers 3 35, 35A Secretary of State, records may be inspected by 2 23 Senate—Adjutant General—confirm appointment. .. . 9 2 Appointments confirmed by 2 10-14 Baltimore City districts 3 2 Divided into two classes 3 8 Election, term 3 7,8 Established 3 1 Impeachments tried by 3 26 Orphans’ Courts, confirm appointments to... . 4 40 President, bills signed in presence of 3 30 Budget bill sent to 3 62 Salary 3 15 Succeeds to Governor 2 7 Quadrennial elections 17 3 Secretary, bills signed in presence of 3 30 Secretary of State’s appointment confirmed by 2 22 State Librarian, appointment confirmed by . . . 7 3 State’s Attorneys removed by 5 7 Separation of powers of 8 Slaves, no payment for 3 37 Soldiers’ bonus—payment 3 34 Somerset County, representation in 13 4 Special laws not to be passed by 3 33 Special sessions, budget amendment not to affect.... 3 52 Convened by Governor 2 16 How convened 3 14 Length 3 15 Standing armies—consent to 29 State Comptroller—report to 6 2 State Librarian—duties, bond 7 3 State Pension Commissioner—abolished 3 59 State Treasurer elected by 6 1 Reports to 6 4 State’s Attorney, Baltimore City, Assistants 5 9 Supplementary appropriation bills 3 52 Supreme Bench, additional Judge for 4 39 Suspension of criminal sentences 3 60 Suspension of laws by 9 Tax power vested in 14 Taxation—personal property, mortgages 3 51 Two branches of 3 1 United States, donations from 3 46 Usury—legal rate of interest 3 57 Vacancy in—how filled 3 13 Veto of bills of (See Governor—veto) Who may or may not serve in 3 9-12 Wicomico County—fix time for holding courts 13 5 Representation in 13 4 Wife—property protected from husband’s debts 3 43 Witnesses—bribery cases 3 50 Race or color not to disqualify 3 53 Worcester County, representation in 13 4 Yeas and nays—bills and resolutions 3 28 When entered in Journal 3 22 Liberty of press 40 Librarian (See State Librarian) Licenses—issue in Baltimore City 38 Local legislation (See Home Rule) Local option laws not subject to referendum 16 6 Lotteries not to be authorized 3 36 Lunatic may not vote 1 2 Marriage licenses, issue in Baltimore City 4 38 Martial Law, soldiers punishable by 32 Maryland Reports 4 16 Masculine gender includes feminine 15 10 436 MARYLAND MANUAL Art. Sec. Military Power, subordinate of 30 Militia, Adjutant General, appointment, duties, etc 9 2 Defense of free government 28 Governor may call out 2 8 Legislature to provide for 9 1,3 Subject to martial law 32 Minister may not serve in Legislature 3 11 Minors, sale of real estate belonging to 3 33 Monopolies are odious . 41 Montgomery County, Circuit Court Judges—number 4 21 Mortgages, taxation of 3 51 Municipal corporations, formation 3 48 Home rule for HE 1-6 Taxation of foreign corporations 3 58 Names, special act not to be passed for changing 3 33 Nolle prosequi, Governor may grant . 2 20 Notaries Public, appointment 4 45 Oaths, retrospective, not to be required 17 Oaths of Office, Attorney General 5 2 Officers, how to qualify 15 10 State Comptroller and Treasurer 6 1 State’s Attorneys 5 8 Oaths of Officers, form of administering 39 Holders to take 1 6 Refusal to take; effect 1 7 Off-street parking, Baltimore 11C 1,2 Officers, account of fees; reports 15 1 Appointment, confirmation, removal 10 15 Bribery of 3 50 Defined, as to quadrennial elections 17 12 Oath, how to qualify 15 10 Salary not to be changed during term 3 35 State, not eligible for Legislature 3 11,12 Status after adoption of Constitution 15 3 Term—when to begin 15 9 Terms—to be four years 17 1, 3-5, 7, 8 Offices, no person to hold two offices 35 Members of Legislature not eligible for certain 3 17 Rotation in 34 Orphans’ Courts (See Courts) Paroles 3 60 Pensions, general system forbidden 3 59 People, amelioration of conditions of 43 Rights of, not restricted 45 People’s Court (See Courts) Personal property, taxation of 3 51 Petitions (See Referendum) Rights of 13 Poll Taxes, oppressive 15 Port Development—Baltimore, Md HD 1, 2 Preacher may not serve in Legislature 3 11 President of Senate (See Legislature—Senate) Press, liberty of 40 Prince George’s County, Circuit Court Judges—number 4 21 Private Secretary, office abolished 2 22 Process—form 4 13 Property Taxes uniform 15 Public Schools, system of; school fund 8 1-3 Public Works (See Board of Public Works) Quadrennial Elections; elections—Laws to be changed as necessary 17 12 Elections—when to be held 17 2 Legislature—when to meet 17 6 Purpose and interpretation of article 17 11,13 Supervisors of elections—term 17 8 Terms of four years for officers 17 1, 3-5, 7, 8 Treasurer—term 17 7 MARYLAND MANUAL 437 Art. Sec. Quorum, Circuit Courts 4 21 Court of Appeals 4 14,15 Legislature 3 20 Supreme Bench 4 35 Receipts, and expenditures, statement of, published 3 32 Recordation, Baltimore City 4 38 Oaths of office 15 10 Redevelopment Commission, Baltimore 11B 1-3 Referendum, ballots—form 16 5 Emegency laws—effect of 16 2 Laws to be submitted separately 16 5 Petition—form; verification 16 4 Number of signers necessary 16 3 When to file; effect 16 2, 3 Power of, reserved to people 16 1 Soldiers’ Bonus 3 34 Text of measure to be furnished to voters 16 5 What laws may not be submitted to 16 6 Refunds not to be made by special act 3 33 Register of Wills, election—returns, certification 4 11, 12 Electon—term, duties, vacancy 4 41 Fees: compensation 3 45 Term of office 17 3 Registration (See Elections) Religious freedom 36 Religious tests 36, 37 Reports of the Court of Appeals 4 16 Reserved Powers Doctrine 2 Residence requirements for voting 1 1, 1A Roads, condemnation of property for 3 40B St. Mary’s County, internal improvements in 3 34 Salaries, limitation on 15 i Salary of public officers 3 35, 35A Salisbury. County seat of Wicomico County 13 2 Sanction of Bequests 38 Seal of the State (See Great Seal) 38 Search Warrants 26 Secretary of State (See Executive; Governor) Appointment, salary 2 22 Duties 2 23 Election returns for Governor sent to 2 2 Laws referred to referendum by 16 2, 3, 5 Legislature convened by 2 7 Self incrimination, Bribery cases 3 50 Rule against ’. ’ 22 Senate (See Legislature) Separation of Powers 8 Sheriffs, elections—qualifications, term, bond, salary, fees 4 44 Elections—to give notice of 15 8 Somerset and Worcester Counties—notice of election 13 4 Slavery not to be re-established 24 Slaves, payment for 3 37 Soldiers, punishable by martial law 32 Quartered in houses 31 Soldiers’ Bonus 3 34 Somerset County, Wicomico County to be formed from 13 2-5 Sovereignty of State 4 Speaker of House (See Legislature—House of Delegates) Speech, freedom of 10, 40 Standing armies consent to 29 State Central Committee, nomination for vacancy in Legislature . 3 13 State Comptroller, accounts of officers to be inspected by 15 1 Artorney General—to write opinions for 5 3 Board of Public Works—member 12 1 Charges against; hearing 6 6 Commissioner of the Land Office—report to 7 4 Duties 6 2 Election, term, salary, office, vacancy 6 15 438 MARYLAND MANUAL Art. Sec. Governor to examine accounts 2 18 Treasurer’s accounts rendered to; inspections 6 4 State Librarian, appointment, salary, etc 7 3 Term of office 15 9 State Pension Commissioner abolished 3 59 State Roads Commission, condemnation of property for 4 40B State Treasurer, accounts rendered to comptroller; published 6 4 Board of Public Works—member 12 1 Charges against; hearing 6 6 Duties 6 3,4 Election, term, salary, office vacancy 6 1,5 Excess fees of officers paid to 15 1 Governor to examine accounts 2 18 Term of office 17 7 State’s Attorneys—Attorney General, to write opinions for 5 3 Baltimore City—Deputy, etc 5 9 Collections; surety bond 5 12 Duties; salaries, fees 5 9 Election—returns 4 11 Term, removal 5 7,8 Qualifications. 5 10 Vacancy; filled by judge 5 11 Supplementary Appropriation Bills 3 52 Support orders, not debts 3 38 Supreme Bench (See Courts) Surety Bonds (See Bonds—Surety) Surveyor, election, term, duties, vacancy, etc 7 2 Worcester County—run Wicomico County line 13 3 Suspension of criminal sentences 3 60 Taxation, general principles of 15 Personal property; mortgages 3 51 Taxes, collection—special law not to be passed 3 33 Taxing Power vested in Legislature 14 Terms of office—quadrennial elections 17 1, 3-5, 7, 8 When to begin 15 9 Titles not to be granted 42 Tobacco inspectors—term, appointment 2 13 Towns (See Municipal Corporations) Treasurer (See State Treasurer) Treasury Department (See State Comptroller; State Treasurer). . Trial by jury (See Juries) Trial of facts, right to 20 Trial Magistrates (See Courts—Justices of the Peace) United States—Baltimore Redevelopment Commission—loans to . 11B 1 Constitution—supreme law of State 2 Donations, etc., from 3 46 Officers of, may not serve in Legislature 3 10 Reserved powers doctrine 3 Slaves—compensation to be obtained for 3 37 Usury; legal rate of interest 3 57 Venue; transfer 4 8 Vetoes (See Governor—Veto) Voters (See Elections) Warrants—special; general 26 Wicomico County, duties and obligations of inhabitants 13 2-5 Elections in 13 4 First Judicial Circuit 13 6 Formation; boundaries; county seat; rights of inhabitants. . 13 2-5 Wife; property protected from husband’s debts 3 43 Wills not to be validated by special act 3 33 Witnesses, Bribery cases 3 50 Race or color not to disqualify 3 53 Religious belief not to make incompetent 36 Right to be confronted by 21 Worcester County, Wicomico County to be formed from 13 2-5 Wreck Master 7 6 Writs—form 4 13 Yeas and nays (See Legislature) MARYLAND MANUAL 439

~~PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION OF MARYLAND o~~

~~To be submitted to the voters for ratification or rejection at the General Election to be held in November, 1956.~~

CHAPTER 557 (Senate Bill 104) AN ACT to propose an amendment to the Constitution of Maryland by amending Article XIA, title “Local Legisla- tion”, Section 3, so as to authorize County Councils of Counties which adopt a Charter under this Article to sit for the enactment of legislation for not exceeding forty-five days, which need not be consecutive, and to change the require ment concerning the-publication of legislation enacted—by such County Councils oo that only the titles of such legislation need-be-published" once a week for two successive weeks, and to provide for the submission of said amendment to the qualified voters of the State of Maryland for adoption or rejection. Sections 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Mary- land (three-fifths of all the members of each of the two Houses concurring), That an amendment of Article XIA, title “Local Legislation”, Section 3, of the Constitution of Maryland, be and the same is hereby proposed as an amendment to the Con- stitution of Maryland, which amended Article, if adopted by the qualified voters of the State of Maryland, as herein provided, shall thereby, by such adoption, be and become a part of the Constitution of Maryland:

ARTICLE XIA Local Legislation Sec. 3. Every charter so formed shall provide for an elective legislative body in which shall be vested the law-making power of said City or County. Such legislative body in the City of Baltimore shall be known as the City Council of the City of Baltimore, and in any County shall be known as the County Council of the County. The chief executive officer, if any such charter shall provide for the election of such executive officer, or the presiding officer of said legislative body, if such charter shall not provide for the election of a chief executive officer, shall be known in the City of Baltimore as Mayor of Baltimore, and in any County as the President of the County Council of the County, and all references in the Con- 440 MARYLAND MANUAL stitution and laws of this State to the Mayor of Baltimore and City Council of the City of Baltimore or to the County Com- missioners of the Counties, shall be construed to refer to the Mayor of Baltimore and City Council of the City of Baltimore and to the President and County Council herein provided for whenever such construction would be reasonable. From and after the adoption of a charter by the City of Baltimore, or any County of this State, as hereinbefore provided, the Mayor of Baltimore and City Council of the City of Baltimore or the County Council of said County, subject to the Constitution and Public General Laws of this State, shall have full power to enact local laws of said City or County including the power to repeal or amend local laws of said City or County enacted by the General Assembly, upon all matters covered by the express powers granted as above provided; provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed to authorize or empower the County Council of any County in this State to enact laws or regulations for any incorporated town, village, or municipality in said County, on any matter covered by the powers granted to said town, village, or municipality by the Act incorporating it, or any subsequent Act or Acts arnendatory thereto. Provided, however, that the charter for the various Counties shall [provide] specify the number of days, not to exceed forty-five, which may but need not be consecutive, that the County Council of the Counties [shall not] may sit [more than one month] in each year for the purpose of enacting legislation for such Counties, and all legislation shall be enacted [during the month] at the times so designated for that purpose in the charter, andtfee titics of all laws and ordinances so enacted shall be published once a week for-[three]4we-successive weeks in at least one newspaper published in such Counties, so that the taxpayers and citizens may have notice thereof. This provision shall not apply to Baltimore City. All such local laws enacted by the Mayor of Baltimore and City Council of the City of Baltimore or the Council of the Counties as hereinbefore provided, shall be subject to the same rules of interpretation as those now applicable to the Public Local Laws of this State, except that in case of any conflict between said local law and any Public General Law now or hereafter enacted the Public General Law shall control. SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That the foregoing amendment to Article XIA, title “Local Legislation”, Section 3, hereby proposed an an amendment to the Constitution of Maryland, shall, at the election to be held in November, 1956, be submitted to the qualified voters of the State of Maryland for their adoption or rejection in pursuance of the directions contained in Article XIV of the Constitution of Maryland, and at the said general election the vote on the proposed amend- MARYLAND MANUAL 441 ment to the Constitution shall be by ballot, and upon each ballot there shall be printed the words “For Constitutional Amendment” and “Against Constitutional Amendment”, as now provided by law, and immediately after said election due returns shall be made to the Governor of the vote for and against said proposed amendment, as directed by Article XIV of the Constitution and further proceedings had in accordance with said Article XIV. Approved April 25, 1955. Explanation: Italics indicate new matter added to existing law. [Brackets] indicate matter stricken from existing law. CAPITALS indicate amendments to bill. Strike out- indicates matter stricken out of bill.

CHAPTER 616 (Senate Bill 597) AN ACT to propose an amendment to Section 27 of Article 3 of the Constitution of Maryland, title “Legislative Depart- ment”, to provide that no Bill shall originate in either House during the last ten CALENDAR days of a regular Session, in even years, or during the last twenty CALENDAR days of a regular Session, in odd years, and submitting this amendment to the qualified voters of the State for adoption or rejection. Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Mary- land (Three-fifths of all the members elected to each of the two Houses concurring), That the following section be and it is hereby proposed as an amendment to Article 3 of the Con- stitution of Maryland, title “Legislative Department”, the same, if adopted by the qualified voters of the State to become Section 27 of Article 3 of the Constitution of the State of Maryland. 27. Any bill may originate in either House of the General Assembly and be altered, amended or rejected by the other, but no bill shall originate in either House during the last ten CALENDAR days of [the] a regular session in even years or during the last twenty CALENDAR days of a regular session in odd years, unless two-third of the members elected thereto shall so determine by yeas and nays; nor shall any bill become a law until it be read on three different days of the session in each House, unless two-thirds of the members elected to the House where such bill is pending shall so determine by yeas and nays, and no bill shall be read a third time until it shall have been actually engrossed or printed for a third reading. 442 MARYLAND MANUAL

Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the aforegoing section hereby proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of this State shall be, at the next general election, to be held in this State in the year 1956, submitted to the legal and qualified voters thereof for their adoption or rejection in pursuance of directions contained in Article 14 of the Constitution of this State, and at the said general election, the vote on the said proposed amendment to the Constitution shall be by ballot, and upon each ballot there shall be printed the words “For the Constitutional Amendment”, and “Against the Constitutional Amendment”, as now prescribed by law, and immediately after said election, due returns shall be made to the Governor of the vote for and against said proposed amendment as directed by said Article 14 of the Constitution. Approved April 25, 1955.

Explanation: Italics indicate new matter added to existing law. (Bracketsl indicate matter stricken from existing law. CAPITALS indicate amendments to bill. Strike out indicates matter stricken out of bill.

CHAPTER 626 (House Bill 89) AN ACT to propose an amendment to Section 11 of Article 2 of the Constitution of Maryland, title “Executive Depart- ment”, providing that recess appointments of civil officers of the State shall be returned on the first day of the next REGULAR session of the Senate of Maryland for its adoption or rejection; and providing that this amendment shall be submitted to the qualified voters of the State for their adoption or rejection. Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Mary- land, (Three-fifths of all members elected to each of the two Houses concurring), That the following amendment be and it is hereby proposed as an amendment to Section 11 of Article 2 of the Constitution of Maryland, title “Executive Depart- ment”, the same, if adopted by the qualified voters of the State, to become Section 11 of Article 2 of the Constitution of the State of Maryland: 11. In case of any vacancy during the recess of the Senate, in any office which the Governor has power to fill, he shall appoint some suitable person to said office, whose commission shall continue in force until the end of the next session of the Legislature, or until some other person is appointed to the same office, whichever shall first occur; and the nomination of MARYLAND MANUAL 443 the person thus appointed during the recess, or of some other person in his place, shall be made to the Senate [within thirty days after the next meeting of the Legislatire.] on the first day of the next regular or special meeting of the Senate. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That said aforegoing section hereby proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the State of Maryland shall, at the next general election to be held in November, 1956, be submitted to the legal and qualified voters of the State, for their adoption or rejection, in pursuance of the directions contained in Article 14 of the Con- stitution of the State of Maryland, and at the said general election the vote on the said proposed amendment to the Constitution shall be by ballot and upon each ballot there shall be printed the words “For the Constitutional Amendment”, and “Against the Constitutional Amendment”, as now provided by law, and immediately after said election due returns shall be made to the Governor of the vote for and against said proposed amendment, as directed by said Fourteenth Article of the Constitution and further proceedings had in accordance with said Article. Approved April 25, 1955. Explanation: Italics indicate new matter added to existing law. [Brackets] indicate matter stricken from existing law. CAPITALS indicate amendments to bill. Strike-ontr indicates matter stricken out of bill.

CHAPTER 725* (House Bill 529) AN ACT to propose an amendment to Section 52 (3) of Article 3 of the Constitution of Maryland, title “Legislative Depart- ment”, to provide that in the caoe of a newly elected Gover- nor, ho shall submit the budget to the General Asoembly for the next ensuing fiscal year not later than February-! RE- QUIRING THE GOVERNOR TO SUBMIT THE BUD- GET TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WITHIN TWEN- TY DAYS AFTER ITS CONVENING IN ODD-NUM- BERED YEARS and submitting this amendment to the qualified voters of the State for adoption or rejection. Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Mary- land, (Three-fifths of all the members elected to each of the two Houses concurring), That the following section be and it is * This bill was not signed by the Governor. Presumably it does not require his signature, following the holding of the Court of Appeals in the case of Warfield v. Vandiver, 101 Md. 78 (1905). 444 MARYLAND MANUAL

hereby proposed as an amendment to Article 3 of the Con- stitution of Maryland, title “Legislative Department”, the same if adopted by the qualified voters of the State, to become Section 52 (3) of Article 3 of the Constitution of the State of Maryland. 52. (3) Within twenty days after the convening of the General Assembly in odd numbered years (except in the case of a newly elected Governor, and then [within thirty days after-his inauguration-j-wo<--/ftfe^4fe«w February 1), unless mch time shall be—extended ASSEMBLY in ODD-NUMBERED YEARS, UNLESS SUCH TIME SHALL BE EXTENDED by the General Assembly, and on the first Wednesday in February in even-numbered years, the Governor shall submit to the General Assembly a Budget for the next ensuing fiscal year. Each Budget shall contain a complete plan of proposed expenditures and estimated revenues for said fiscal year and shall show the estimated surplus or deficit of revenues at the end of the preceding fiscal year. Accompanying each Budget shall be a statement showing: (a) the revenues and expenditures for the preceding fiscal year; (b) the current assets, liabilities, reserves and surplus or deficit of the State; (c) the debts and funds of the State; (d) an estimate of the State’s financial condition as of the beginning and end of the preceding fiscal year; (e) any explanation the Governor may desire to make as to the important features of the Budget and any suggestions as to methods for reduction or increase of the State’s revenue. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the aforegoing section hereby proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of this State shall be, at the next general election, to be held in this State in the year 1956, submitted to the legal and qualified voters thereof for their adoption or rejection in pursuance of directions contained in Article 14 of the Constitution of this State, and at the said general election, the vote on the said proposed amendment to the Constitution shall be by ballot, and upon each ballot there shall be printed the words “For the Con- stitutional Amendment”, and “Against the Constitutional Amendment”, as now prescribed by law, and immediately after said election, due returns shall be made to the Governor of the vote for and against said proposed amendment as directed by said Article 14 of the Constitution. Explanation: Italics indicate new matter added to existing law. [Brackets! indicate matter stricken from existing law. CAPITALS indicate amendments to bill. Btrike-out indicates matter stricken out of bill. Principal Officers of

~~Maryland—Historical~~

Page Barons of Baltimore 447 Colonial Governors 447 Conventions of the Province of Maryland 450 Councils of Safety 450 Constitutional Convention, 1776 451 Governors of the State of Maryland 452 Governor’s Councils 453 Secretaries of State 456 Treasurers 457 Comptrollers of the Treasury 457 Adjutants General 458 Presidents of the Senate 459 Speakers of the House of Delegates 460 Judges of the Court of Appeals 462 Chief Judges of the Court of Appeals 463 Attorneys General 464 Delegates to Colonial Congress, 1765 465 Signers of Declaration of Independence, 1776 465 Signers of Articles of Confederation, 1781 465 Signers of Federal Constitution, 1787 465 Convention for Ratification of the Federal Constitution, 1788 465 Delegates to Continental Congress 466 United States Senators from Maryland 466 United States Representatives from Maryland 472 Cabinet Members 479 Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States 479

~~MARYLAND MANUAL 447~~

~~PRINCIPAL OFFICERS OF THE PROVINCE AND STATE OF MARYLAND 0~~

BARONS OP BALTIMORE AND LORDS PROPRIETARY 1580(?)-1632—George Calvert, First Lord Baltimore. Petitioned for grant of land north of the Potomac. 1606-1675—Cecilius Calvert, Second Lord Baltimore. Received grant June 20, 1632, soon after death of First Lord Baltimore. 1637-1715—Charles Calvert, Third Lord Baltimore. 1679(?)-1715—Benedict Leonard Calvert, Fourth Lord Baltimore. 1699-1751—Charles Calvert, Fifth Lord Baltimore. 1732-1771—Frederick Calvert, Sixth Lord Baltimore. 1760-1834—Henry Harford. Harford did not succeed to the title, as he was an illegitimate son. His claim to Maryland was relin- quished in return for a monetary grant from the Maryland General Assembly.

COLONIAL GOVERNORS Prior to the granting of the Charter to Cecilius Calvert, Captain William Claiborne, acting under a commission from the King, had established a trading post and plantation on Kent Island in 1631. He was driven from the Island by Leonard Calvert a few months after the colonists landed.

GOVERNORS UNDER THE CHARTER 1634-1644/5 Leonard Calvert Calvert had occasion to leave the colony several times, usually for a month or two but once for over a year. During his absences the following men governed the Province: 1637/8 and 1638, John Lewger; 1638 and 1641, Captain Thomas Corn- waleys; 1643-1644, Giles Brent; 1644, William Brainthwait. 1644/5-1646 Captain Richard Ingle Usurped the government and maintained control until about the middle of 1646. 1646 Captain Edward Hill Elected Governor by the Council while Leonard Calvert was still in Virginia. He also claimed to have a commission from Calvert. His appointment was illegal, as he was not a member of the Council when elected, and Calvert was _ out of the Province when the commission was issued. He does seem to have held office, however, for he later attempted to collect certain fees and emoluments which were due him by virtue of his service. 448 MARYLAND MANUAL 1646- Leonard Calvert1 647 1647- Thomas Greene 1648/9 1649-1651/2 Captain William Stone During absences from the Province he left the following men to act in his place: 1649, Thomas Greene; 1650, Thomas Hatton. 1652 Parliamentary Commissioners 1652-1654 Captain William Stone 1654-1657 Commissioners appointed by Parliamentary Commissioners 1657-1660 Josias Fendall Appointed Luke Barber to serve in his place while he was absent from the Province from June 1657 to February 1657/8. 1660-1661 Philip Calvert 1661-1676 Charles Calvert Left Philip Calvert, William Calvert, Jerome White and Baker Brooke as deputies governing the Colony from May 1669 to November 1670 while he was in England. On November 30, 1675, his father died, and he became Lord Proprietary. 1676 Jesse Wharton Cecilius Calvert, infant son of the Lord Proprie- tary, was the nominal Governor from June to October 1676, but, actually, the Province was governed by the Deputy Governors. 1676-1679 Thomas Notley Succeeded Wharton as Deputy Governor, and later, in October 1676, he was commissioned as Governor by the Lord Proprietary. 1678/9-1684 Charles Calvert, Lord Proprietary Calvert was definitely back in the Province by January 1678/9, perhaps earlier, but he appears to have permitted Notley to retain the title of Governor until his death in April 1679. 1684-1688 Council of Deputy Governors Benedict Leonard Calvert, infant son of the Lord Proprietary, was commissioned Governor, but the duties were actually performed by the Deputies. The Deputies named in the commission were George Talbot, Thomas Tailler, Colonel Vincent Lowe, Colonel William Stevens, Colonel William Burgess, Major Nicholas Sewall, and John Darnall. Most of them served the entire period indicated, but there were a few changes. 1688- William Joseph1 689 Named as President of the Council of Deputies in a commission from the Lord Proprietary. 1689- John Coode 1690 Leader of the Protestant Associators who seized the government on August 1, 1689. MARYLAND MANUAL 449 1690-1692 Nehemiah Blackiston Appointed President of the Committee for the Government of Maryland when Coode went to England. 1692-1693 Sir Lionel Copley 1693 Sir Thomas Lawrence Elected Governor after death of Copley, but had served only a week or two when Sir Edmund Andros arrived in Maryland to assume control. 1693 Sir Edmund Andros Remained in Maryland about ten days before returning to Virginia. 1693- Colonel Nicholas1 Greenberry694 Appointed President of the Council by Andros. 1694 Sir Edmund Andros Remained in Maryland about a week. 1694 Sir Thomas Lawrence Appointed President of the Council by Andros. 1694- Sir Francis1 Nicholson 698/9 1698/9-1702 Colonel Nathaniel Blackiston 1702-1704 Thomas Tench Appointed President of the Council by Blackiston. 1704-1709 Colonel John Seymour 1709-1714 Major General Edward Lloyd Elected President of the Council when Colonel Francis Jenkins, who was senior member of the Council and thus entitled to succeed Seymour, failed to assert his right promptly. 1714-1720 John Hart 1720 Thomas Brooke Became President of the Council by virtue of his seniority when Hart returned to England. 1720-1727 Charles Calvert 1727-1731 Benedict Leonard Calvert 1731- Samuel Ogle1 732 1732- Charles Calvert,1 Lord Proprietary733 1733- Samuel Ogle1 742 1742-1746/7 Thomas Bladen 1746/7-1752 Samuel Ogle 1752-1753 Benjamin Tasker Became President of the Council upon the death of Governor Ogle. 1753-1769 Horatio Sharpe 1769-1776 Robert Eden Eden was in England from May to November 1774, during which time Richard Lee, President of the Council, governed the Province. Lee also governed the Province briefly in 1776 during the interval between the departure of Eden and the assump- tion of the government by the Convention. 450 MARYLAND MANUAL

REVOLUTIONARY INTERREGNUM During the years 1774 through 1776 more and more of the powers of government came to be exercised by popular bodies though the authority of the Governor was still acknowledged until Eden’s departure. The Conventions were composed of delegates from each county elected by the freemen of the Province in much the same manner as the House of Delegates. It was inconvenient for so large a group (at one meeting there were 141 delegates) to remain in continuous session; therefore, Councils of Safety were elected by the Conventions to exercise executive power during the intervals between Convention meetings. With some exceptions the Councils of Safety were composed of nine members, five from the western shore and four from the eastern shore. The Convention which met from August 14, 1776, about six weeks after the Declaration of Independence, through November 11, 1776, framed the Constitution which governed Mary- land until 1851. The General Assembly established by the Constitu- tion began meeting on February 5, 1777, but the Council of Safety continued to function as the executive body of the State until March 20 of the same year. On March 22, 1777, the Assembly adopted a resolution “for dissolving the Council of Safety and Vesting the Gov- ernor and Council with their Powers.” The Governor and Council had qualified two days earlier on March 20 and they immediately began to perform the duties assigned to them. Conventions of the Province of Maryland June 22-25, 1774 Matthew Tilghman Chairman Nov. 21-25, 1774 Matthew Tilghman Chairman Dec. 8-12, 1774 John Hall Chairman April 24-May 3, 1775 Matthew Tilghman Chairman July 26-Aug. 14, 1775 Matthew Tilghman Chairman Dec. 7, 1775-Jan. 18, 1776 Matthew Tilghman President May 8-25, 1776 Charles Carroll, Barrister....President June 21-July 6, 1776 Matthew Tilghman President Aug. 14-Nov. 11, 1776 Matthew Tilghman President Councils of Safety August 29, 1775-October 21, 1775 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, President, Thomas Johnson, Jr., William Paca, Charles Carroll, Bar- rister, Thomas Stone (never acted), Samuel Chase, Robert Alexander, Charles Carroll of Carrollton, Matthew Tilghman, John Beale Bordley (declined), Robert Goldsborough (never acted), James Hollyday, Richard Lloyd, Edward Lloyd, Thomas Smyth, Henry Hooper. January 18, 1776-May 25, 1776 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, President, Charles Carroll, Barrister, John Hall, Benjamin Rumsey, James Tilghman, Thomas Smyth, Thomas Bedingfield Hands. May 27, 1776-July 6, 1776 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, President, Charles Carroll, Barrister, John Hall, Benjamin Rumsey (never acted), George Plater, James Tilghman, Thomas Smyth, Thomas Bedingfield Hands, William Hayward. July 6, 1776-November 11, 1776 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, President, John Hall, George Plater, Charles Carroll, Barrister, Thomas Bedingfield Hands (declined), Benjamin Rumsey, Thomas Smyth, James Tilghman, Joseph Nicholson, Jr., Nicholas Thomas (appointed by Council September 18, 1776). November 12, 1776-March 20, 1777 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, President, John Hall, George Plater, Brice Thomas Beale Worthing- MARYLAND MANUAL 451 ton, Charles Grahame (declined), Joseph Nicholson, Nicholas Thomas, William Rumsey (declined), James Tilghman (declined), Thomas Contee (elected vice Grahame November 11, 1776), Samuel Wilson (appointed by Council vice Tilghman December 13, 1776), William Hemsley (appointed by Council vice Rumsey December 13, 1776, declined), James Lloyd Chamberlaine (appointed by Council vice Hemsley January 3, 1777, declined), Turbutt Wright (appointed vice Chamberlaine February 3, 1777).

MEMBERS OF THE CONVENTION WHICH FRAMED THE FIRST STATE CONSTITUTION AUGUST 14—NOVEMBER 11, 1776 Matthew Tilghman, President Gabriel Duvall, Secretary St. Mary’s County—Richard Barnes, Ignatius Fenwick, George Plater, Jeremiah Jordan. Kent County—Thomas Ringgold, William Ringgold, Joseph Earle, Thomas Smyth. Anne Arundel County—John Hall, Brice T. B. Worthington,1 Rezin Hammond, Samuel Chase,1 Charles Carroll, Barrister. Calvert County—Benjamin Mackall, Charles Grahame, William Fitz- hugh, John Mackall. Charles County—Robert T. Hooe, John Dent, Thomas Semmes, John Parnham. Baltimore County—Charles Ridgely, Thomas Cockey Deye, John Stevenson, Peter Shepherd. Talbot County—Pollard Edmondson, John Gibson, Matthew Tilghman, James Lloyd Chamberlaine. Somerset County—Gustavus Scott, George Scott, William Horsey, Henry Lowes. Dorchester County—Robert Goldsborough, James Murray, John En- nalls, Joseph Ennalls. Cecil County—Joseph Gilpin, Patrick Ewing, David Smith, Benjamin Brevard. Prince George’s County—Walter Bowie, Benjamin Hall, Osborn Sprigg, Luke Marbury. Queen Anne’s County—Turbutt Wright, James Kent, William Bruff, Solomon Wright. Worcester County—Samuel Handy, Peter Chaille, Smith Bishop, Josiah Mitchell. Frederick County—Lower District: Thomas Sprigg Wootton, Jona- than Wilson, William Bayly, Jr., Elisha Williams. Frederick County—Middle District: Adam Fischer, Upton Sheredine, Christopher Edelen, David S^iriver. Frederick County—Upper District: Samuel Beall, Samuel Hughes, John Stull, Henry Schnebly. 1 Resigned August 27, 1776. Worthington and Chase were re-elected September 10, 1776. Hall elected in place of Carroll. 452 MARYLAND MANUAL

Caroline County—Nathaniel Potter, William Richardson,1 Richard Mason, Henry Dickinson, Thomas Johnson.2 Harford County—Jacob Bond, Henry Wilson, Jr., John Love, John Archer. Baltimore Town—John Smith, Jeremiah T. Chase. Annapolis—William Paca, Charles Carroll of Carrollton.

GOVERNORS OF THE STATE OF MARYLAND Elected Under the Constitution of 1776 by the Legislature for One Year 1777'—Thomas Johnson 1809—Edward Lloyd 1779—Thomas Sim Lee 1811— Robert Bowie 1782—William Paca 1812— Levin Winder 1785—William Smallwood 1816—Chas. Ridgely, of Hampton 1788—John Eager Howard 1819—Charles Goldsborough 1791— G1819—Samuel Sprigg eorge Plater 1792— J1822—Samuel Stevens, Jr.ames Brice 3 1792—Thomas Sim Lee 1826—Joseph Kent 1794—John H. Stone 1829— Daniel Martin 1797— J1830— ohn Henry Thomas King Carroll 1798— B1831— enjamin Ogle Daniel Martin 1801—John Francis Mercer 1831—George Howard5 1803—Robert Bowie 1833—James Thomas 1806—Robert Wright 1836—Thomas W. Veazey 1809—James Butcher 4

Elected by the People for Three Years Under the Constitution of 1776 as Amended in 1838 William Grason Queen Anne’s County 1839 Francis Thomas Frederick County 1842 Thomas G. Pratt Prince George’s County. 1845 Philip F. Thomas Talbot County 1848 Enoch Louis Lowe Frederick County 1851

~~Elected Under the Constitution of 1851 by the People for Four Years Thomas Watkins Ligon Howard County 1854 Thomas Holliday Hicks Dorchester County 1858 Augustus W. Bradford Baltimore County 1862~~

Elected Under the Constitution of 1864 by the People for Four Years Thomas Swann Baltimore City 1866 1 Elected Colonel of Battalion from Eastern Shore for flying camp, August 16, 1776, and thereby vacated his seat. 2 Elected August 30, 1776. 3 Became Governor upon the death of Governor Plater, February 1792. 4 Governor for one month, May-June 1809, following the resignation of Governor Wright and before the convening of a special session of the Legislature. 5 Became Governor on the death of Governor Martin, July 1831. MARYLAND MANUAL 453 Elected Under the Constitution of 1867 by the People for Four Years *Oden Bowie Prince George’s County 1869 William Pinkney Whyte Baltimore City 1872 f James Black Groome ■Cecil County 1874 John Lee Carroll .Howard County 1876 William T. Hamilton Washington County 1880 Robert M. McLane .Baltimore City 1884 JHenry Lloyd ■ Dorchester County 1885 Elihu E. Jackson Wicomico County 1888 Frank Brown .Carroll County 1892 Lloyd Lowndes ■ Allegany County 1896 John Walter Smith Worcester County 1900 Edwin Warfield .Howard County 1904 Austin L. Crothers .Cecil County 1908 Phillips Lee Goldsborough. .Dorchester County 1912 Emerson C. Harrington .Dorchester County 1916 ^Albert C. Ritchie .Baltimore City 1920 Harry W. Nice .Baltimore City 1935 Herbert R. O’Conor .Baltimore City 1939 Wm. Preston Lane, Jr .Washington County 1947 Theodore R. McKeldin ■Baltimore City 1951

GOVERNORS’ COUNCILS, 1777-1838 The Constitution of 1776 (Art. XXVI) provided that both houses of the Legislature elect by joint ballot five men to be “the Council to the Governor”. This was an advisory body of considerable influence. It was also provided that on the death, removal or incapacity of the Governor the first named of the Council should become Governor and proceed to the calling of a special session of the Legis- lature for the election of a new Governor. The Council was abolished in 1838 by means of a constitutional amendment (Acts 1836, ch. 197, sec. 13; Acts 1837, ch. 84). Mar. 1777—Charles Carroll, Sr., (declined), Josiah Polk, John Rogers, Edward Lloyd, John Contee (declined), Thomas Lee (elected vice Carroll Mar. 26, 1777), James Brice (elected vice Contee Apr. 16, 1777, declined), Joseph Sim (elected vice Brice Apr. 19, 1777). Nov. 1777-—Thomas Sim Lee, Joseph Sim (declined), Edward Lloyd, John Rogers (declined), Josiah Polk (declined), James Brice (elected vice Sim Nov. 25, 1777), William Hemsley (elected vice Rogers Nov. 25, 1777 declined), Daniel Carroll (elected vice Polk Nov. 25, 1777), James Hind- man (elected vice Hemsley Dec. 23, 1777). Nov. 1778—Thomas Sim Lee, James Brice, Daniel Carroll, Edward Lloyd, James Hindman. Nov. 1779—John H. Stone, Jeremiah T. Chase, James Brice, Daniel Carroll, John Brice. Nov. 1780—Daniel Carroll, James Brice, John H. Stone, Jeremiah T. Chase, Samuel T. Wright. * Served three years by special provision of the Constitution. t Became Governor on the resignation of Governor Whyte, March 1874. j Became Governor on the resignation of Governor McLane, March 1885. § Due to constitutional amendment of 1922, providing for quadrennial elections, the Governor elected in 1923 served three years. Thereafter gubernatorial terms began in odd years. 454 MARYLAND MANUAL Nov. 1781—John H. Stone, James Brice, Jeremiah T. Chase, Samuel T. Wright, Benjamin C. Stoddert. Nov. 1782—Benjamin C. Stoddert, Gabriel Duvall, Jeremiah T. Chase, James Brice, John H. Stone. Nov. 1783—Jeremiah T. Chase (resigned), Gabriel Duvall (resigned), John H. Stone, James Brice (resigned), Benjamin Ogle (resigned), John Davidson (elected vice Chase Jan. 5, 1784), James Brice (elected vice Duvall July 29, 1784, declined), Aquila Paca (elected vice Brice Aug. 4, 1784), Samuel T. Wright (elected vice Ogle Apr. 3, 1784). Nov. 1784—Charles Wallace, Aquila Paca, John Davidson, John H. Stone, Samuel T. Wright. Nov. 1785—Jeremiah T. Chase, James Brice, Gabriel Duvall (resigned), John Kilty, Samuel T. Wright, William Paca (elected vice Duvall Apr. 27, 1786). Dec. 1786—Jeremiah T. Chase, James Brice, James Hindman, John Kilty, John Davidson. Nov. 1787—Jeremiah T. Chase, James Brice, John Kilty, John David- son, Benjamin Harrison. Nov. 1788—James Brice, John Davidson, William Hindman, Josias C. Hall, John Kilty. Nov. 1789—John Kilty, James Brice, John Davidson, William Hind- man, Randolph B. Latimer. Nov. 1790—Henry Ridgely, Randolph B. Latimer, John Davidson, William Hindman, John Kilty. Nov. 1791—James Brice, Henry Ridgely, Randolph B. Latimer (declined), John H. Stone, John Davidson, Uriah Forrest (elected vice Latimer Dec. 31, 1791). Nov. 1792—James Brice, John Kilty, Henry Ridgely, John Davidson, William Pinkney. Nov. 1793—William Pinkney, John Davidson, James Brice, John Kilty (declined), Henry Ridgely, Christopher Richmond (elected vice Kilty Nov. 23, 1793). Nov. 1794—William Pinkney, John Davidson, James Brice, Henry Ridgely, William Kilty. Nov. 1795—James Brice, Henry Ridgely, John Davidson, William Kilty, James Thomas. Nov. 1796—William Kilty, James Thomas, John Davidson, James Brice, John Johnson. Nov. 1797—John Davidson, James Thomas, Jonathan R. Wilmer, Arthur Shaaff, John Johnson. Nov. 1798—Arthur Shaaff, John Davidson, James Brice, James Thomas, Jonathan R. Wilmer. Nov. 1799-—Thomas Buchanan, Arthur Shaaff, Jonathan R. Wilmer, James Thomas, John Davidson. Nov. 1800—Thomas Buchanan, Arthur Shaaff, James Thomas, John Davidson, Samuel Ridout. Nov. 1801—Francis Digges, Allen B. Duckett, Reverdy Ghiselin, Ed- ward Hall, Davidson David. Nov. 1802—Francis Digges, Allen B. Duckett, Edward Hall, Reverdy Ghiselin, Davidson David. Nov. 1803—Allen B. Duckett, Francis Digges, Davidson David, Re- verdy Ghiselin, Edward Hall. MARYLAND MANUAL 455 Nov. 1804—Richard H. Harwood, Allen B. Duckett, Richard T. Earle, Reverdy Ghiselin, Francis Digges. Nov. 1805-—Allen B. Duckett, Reverdy Ghiselin, Richard T. Earle, Francis Digges, Philip Reed. Nov. 1806—Reverdy Ghiselin, Thomas W. Hall, Lewis Duvall, Philip Reed (resigned), James Nabb, James Butcher (elected vice Reed Dec. 20, 1806). Nov. 1807—James Butcher, Lewis Duvall, Thomas W. Hall, Reverdy Ghiselin, James Nabb. Nov. 1808—James Butcher, Reverdy Ghiselin, Lewis Duvall, Thomas W. Hall, Benjamin Hodges. Nov. 1809—James Butcher, George E. Mitchell, Thomas W. Hall, Reverdy Ghiselin, Lewis Duvall. Nov. 1810—John Stephen, James Butcher, Reverdy Ghiselin, Thomas W. Hall, George E. Mitchell. Nov. 1811—George E. Mitchell (resigned), John Stephen, James Butcher, Thomas W. Hall, Reverdy Ghiselin, James Nabb (elected vice Mitchell July 14, 1812). Nov. 1812—Benjamin Stoddert (resigned), Alexander C. Magruder, William H. Ward, William B. Martin, Walter Dorsey (resigned), Thomas G. Addison (elected vice Stoddert Nov. 24, 1812), Samuel Ridout (elected vice Dorsey June 15,1813). Dec. 1813—William B. Martin, William H. Ward, Thomas G. Addi- son, Samuel Ridout, Alexander C. Magruder. Dec. 1814—Alexander C. Magruder, William H. Ward, Thomas G. Addison, Samuel Ridout, John Murray. Dec. 1815—Alexander C. Magruder, James Shaw, Virgil Maxey, John Murray, William H. Ward. Dec. 1816—William Potter, Henry H. Chapman, Richard Frisby, James Shaw, William H. Ward. Dec. 1817—Daniel Murray, John Stoops, John E. Howard, Jr., Henry A. Callis, Arnold E. Jones. Dec. 1818—John E. Howard, Jr., Henry H. Chapman, Henry A. Callis, Arnold E. Jones, John Stoops. Dec. 1819—James Nabb, James Butcher, Grafton Duvall, John Stephen, Thomas H. Wilkinson. Dec. 1820—John Stephen, Thomas H. Wilkinson, Grafton Duvall, James Butcher, James Nabb. Dec. 1821—Israel D. Maulsby, James Butcher, Thomas H. Wilkinson, Nicholas Brewer, James Nabb. Dec. 1822—Thomas Emory, Joshua Prideaux, Philemon Chew, Israel D. Maulsby, Nicholas Brewer. Dec. 1823—Thomas Emory, Joshua Prideaux, Philemon Chew, Robert H. Archer, Nicholas Brewer. Dec. 1824—Philemon Chew, Thomas Emory, Robert H. Archer, Joseph Gabby, Joshua Prideaux. Jan. 1826—Joseph Gabby, William Steuart, Robert H. Archer, James Roberts (dead when elected), Daniel Martin, John N. Steele (elected vice Roberts Jan. 3, 1826). Jan. 1827—Joseph Gabby, William Steuart, Daniel Martin, Otho Scott, Arnold E. Jones. Jan. 1828—Daniel Martin, William Steuart, Thomas Davis, Arnold E. Jones, Rezin Estep. 456 MARYLAND MANUAL

Jan. 1829—Thomas Davis, Rezin Estep, Luke Tiernan (declined), Littleton I. Dennis, Thomas S. Thomas, George R. Rich- ardson (elected vice Tiernan Jan. 27, 1829). Jan. 1830—Hugh McElderry, Robert D. C. Wright, Otho Scott (resigned), Benjamin E. Mackall, Robert Wason, John For- wood (elected July 14, 1830). Jan. 1831—George Howard, Thomas C. Worthington, Samuel Turner, Henry Page, William Potter. Jan. 1832—William Potter, Thomas C. Worthington, Samuel Turner, George W. Purnell, Robert W. Bowie. Jan. 1833—Samuel Turner, Thomas C. Worthington, John S. Martin, Robert W. Bowie, William Potter. Jan. 1834—Samuel Mass, George C. Washington, John S. Martin, Thomas W. Veazey, Robert W. Bowie. Jan. 1835—Thomas W. Veazey, George C. Washington, Nathaniel F. Williams, John S. Martin, Gwinn Harris. Jan. 1836—Gwinn Harris, John McKenny, William F. Johnson, Nathaniel F. Williams, John C. Henry (resigned), Wil- liam L. Jones (elected vice Henry July 27, 1836). Jan. 1837—Gwinn Harris (deceased), Nathaniel F. Williams, Wil- liam F. Johnson, John McKenny, William L. Jones, Bene- dict I. Heard (elected vice Harris Dec. 22, 1837). Jan. 1838—Thomas G. Pratt, Benedict I. Heard, William F. Johnson, John McKenny, Thomas H. Hicks.

SECRETARIES OF STATE The office of Secretary of State was created in 1838 by a constitutional amendment (Acts 1836, Ch. 197, sec. 17; Acts 1837, Ch. 84). John H. Culbreth 1838 Richard C. Hollyday 1873 Joseph H. Nicholson 1838 James T. Briscoe 1880 Cornelius McLean 1839 Richard C. Hollyday 1884 James Murray 1840 George B. Milligan 1884 Thomas Wright, 3rd 1841 Edward W. LeCompte 1886 Henry Hobbs1 1842 William T. Brantly 1893 John C. LeGrand 1842 Edwin Gott 1894 John N. Watkins2 1844 Richard Dallam 1896 William Van Buskirk 1844 George E. Loweree 1899 William T. Wootton 1845 Wilfred Bateman 1900 Richard C. Hollyday 1848 Oswald Tilghman 1904 John N. Watkins 1849 N. Winslow Williams 1908 Thomas H. O’Neal 1851 Robert P. Graham 1912 John Randolph Quinn 1853 Thomas W. Simmons 1916 Nathaniel Cox 1854 George L. Radcliffe 1919 Jonathan Pinkney 1857 Philip B. Perlman 1920 James R. Partridge 1858 E. Brooke Lee 1923 Grayson Eichelberger 1861 David C. Winebrenner, 3rd..1925 Thomas J. Wilson 1861 Thomas L. Dawson 1935 William B. Hill 1862 E. Ray Jones 1936 John M. Carter 1866 John B. Gontrum 1939 Richard C. Hollyday 1869 Francis Petrott 1939 John T. Mason 1872 Miles T. Tull 1941 1 Acting Secretary of State Jan. 4-Feb. 1, 1842. 2 Ad interim Secretary of State Mar. 2-8, 1844. MARYLAND MANUAL 457

Thomas Elmo Jones 1941 Bertram Lee Boone II 1947 William J. McWilliams 1 1946 Vivian V. Simpson 1949 Edward G. Chaney 1946 John R. Reeves 1951 John B. Funk 1947 Blanchard Randall 1955 o TREASURERS OF THE WESTERN AND EASTERN SHORES Western Shore Thomas Harwood, Jr 1775 Benjamin Harwood 1804 George Mackubin 1826 James S. Owens 1843 Dennis Claude 1844-1852 o Eastern Shore William Hindman 1775 James Hindman 1777 Edward Hindman 1118 Henry Dickinson 1779 William Richardson 1189 William Chambers 1802 William Richardson 1813 John K. B. Emory 1825 William K. Lambdin 1826 Pere Robinson 1840 John H. Harris 1841 Pere Robinson 1842-1843 The office of Treasurer of the Eastern Shore was abolished by an amendment to the Constitution (Ch. 200, 1841 and Ch. 239, 1842). o TREASURERS The office of Treasurer was created by the Constitution of 1851 (Art. VI, Sec. 1). James S. Owens 1852 Edwin H. Brown 1890 Dennis Claude 1854 Spencer C. Jones 1892 Sprigg Harwood 1860 Thomas J. Shryock 1896 Robert Fowler 1862 Murray Vandiver 1900 John Merryman 1870 John M. Dennis 1916 John W. Davis 1872 William P. Jackson 1918 Barnes Compton 1874 John M. Dennis 1920 John S. Gittings 1885 Hooper S. Miles 1935 Stevenson Archer 1886

COMPTROLLERS OF THE TREASURY The office of Comptroller of the Treasury was created by the Con- stitution of 1851 (Art. VI, Sec. 1). Philip Francis Thomas 1852 Henry E. Bateman 1853 1 Appointed Assistant to the Secretary of State durinfr the absence of Thomas Elmo Jones April 20, 1944, Feb. 7, 1946. He held the title only two days, Feb. 7-8, 1946. 458 MARYLAND MANUAL

William Pinkney Whyte .1854 William Henry Purnell .1856 Dennis Claude .1861 Abram Lingan Jarrett .1861 Samuel Snowden Maffit .1862 Henry Hollyday Goldsborough. .1864 Robert J. Jump .1864 William J. Leonard .1867 Levin Woolf ord .1870 Thomas J. Keating .1878 J. Frank Turner .1884 L. Victor Baughman .1888 Marion deKalb Smith .1892 Robert P. Graham .1896 Phillips Lee Goldsborough .1898 Joshua W. Bering .1900 Gordon T. Atkinson .1904 Joshua W. Hering .1908 William B. Clagett .1910 Charles H. Stanley .1911 Emerson C. Harrington .1912 Hugh A. McMullen .1916 E. Brooke Lee .1920 William S. Gordy, Jr .1922 J. Millard Tawes ,1939 James J. Lacy ,1947 J. Millard Tawes .1950

ADJUTANTS GENERAL Henry Carberry JY94 Samuel T. Wright 1897 John Kilty 1810 John Gassaway 1811 Richard Harwood of Thomas !!""!!!!"!!!!""!""!l817 John N. Watkins 1881 John wiimot Nicholas Brewer of John 1858 John S. Berry "ZZZZ"!!"” 1864 George H. Bier ' 1869 Charles H. McBlair !!!!!!"!!!""!" 1871 Frank A. Bond ZZZZ!"Z""!”!”!^^"^1874 J. Wesley Watkins "!"'"l880 James Howard 1884 Henry Kyd Douglas !!!!!"!!!!"'"!!”"!Z!!l892 L. Allison Wilmer 1896 John S. Saunders ^900 Clinton L. Riggs ZZ!"!""""".” 1904 Henry M. Warfield ZZ"ZZ”!!"Z!!.Z908 Charles F. Macklin !!.!Z”!!""!"!""!""!l912 Henry M. Warfield !""!!!”"!!!”""!"!!!"l916 Milton A. Reckord* 1 oon During General Reckord's absence. May 1941-November Adjutant General was General Francis Petrott. 1945, the Acting MARYLAND MANUAL 459

PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer Charles County ,1777 George Plater St. Mary’s County .1781 Matthew Tilghman Talbot County .1782 Charles Carroll of Carrollton Anne Arundel County .1783 Daniel Carroll .Prince George’s County... .1783 Charles Carroll of Carrollton ,Anne Arundel County.... .1783 George Plater .St. Mary’s County .1784 John Smith .Baltimore County .1785 George Plater .St. Mary’s County .1785 Daniel Carroll .Prince George’s County.. .1786 George Plater .St. Mary’s County .1786 Daniel Carroll .Prince George’s County.. .1787 George Plater .St. Mary’s County .1787 Daniel Carroll .Prince George’s County.. .1788 John Smith .Baltimore County .1788 George Plater .St. Mary’s County .1788 Daniel Carroll .Prince George’s County.. .1789 George Plater .St. Mary’s County .1790 William Smallwood .Charles County .1791 George Dent .Charles County .1792 William Perry .Talbot County .1792 John Thomas .St. Mary’s County .1797 William Perry .Talbot County ..1797 John Thomas .St. Mary’s County ..1799 Richard Harwood .Anne Arundel County..., ..1801 William Thomas ,.St. Mary’s County ..1806 Stephen Lowrey .Queen Anne’s County ..1807 William Thomas ..St. Mary’s County ..1807 Stephen Lowrey ..Queen Anne’s County ..1809 William Thomas ..St. Mary’s County ..1809 Elijah Davis ..Harford County ..1813 William Spencer ..Kent County ..1816 William R. Stuart ..Anne Arundel County ..1821 Edward Lloyd ..Talbot County ..1826 William H. Marriott ..Anne Arundel County ..1828 Benjamin S. Forrest ..Montgomery County ..1831 Thomas Sappington ..Frederick County ..1834 John G. Chapman ..Charles County ..1835 Richard Thomas ..St. Mary’s County ..1836 William Williams ..Somerset County ..1844 William L. Gaither ..Montgomery County ..1850 Edward Lloyd ..Talbot County ..1852 William L. Gaither ..Montgomery County ..1854 George Wells ..Anne Arundel County ..1856 Edwin H. Webster ..Harford County ..1858 John B. Brooke ..Prince George’s County. ...I860 Henry H. Goldsborough ..Talbot County ...1861 John Sellman ..Anne Arundel County.., ...1864 Lieut.-Gov. Christopher C. Cox, ..Baltimore City ...1865 Barnes Compton .. Charles County ...1868 Henry Snyder ..Baltimore City ...1872 John Lee Carroll ...Howard County ...1874 Daniel Fields ...Caroline County ...1876 Edward Lloyd ...Talbot County ...1878 Herman Stump, Jr ...Harford County ...1880 George Hawkins Williams ...Baltimore County ...1882 Henry Lloyd ...Dorchester County ...1884 Edwin Warfield ...Howard County ...1886 460 MARYLAND MANUAL

George Peter .Montgomery County 1888 Robert F. Bratton .Somerset County 1890 Edward Lloyd .Talbot County 1892 John Walter Smith • Worcester County 1894 William Cabell Bruce.. • Baltimore City 1896 John Wirt Randall • Anne Arundel County 189.8 John Hubner • Baltimore County 1900 Spencer C. Jones Montgomery County 1904 Joseph B. Seth Talbot County 1906 Arthur P. Gorman • Howard County 1910 Jesse D. Price • Wicomico County 1912 Peter J. Campbell Baltimore City 1916 William I. Norris Baltimore City 1920 David G. McIntosh, Jr. Baltimore County 1924 Walter J. Mitchell • Charles County 1931 Lansdale G. Sasscer... • Prince George’s County 1935 Arthur H. Brice • Kent County 1939 James J. Lindsay Baltimore County 1944 Joseph R. Byrnes 1 Baltimore City 1947 L. Harold Sothoron Prince George’s County 1950 George W. Della Baltimore City 1951 Louis L. Goldstein • Calvert County 1955

~~-o-~~

SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES Thomas S. Wootton .Montgomery County .1777 Nicholas Thomas .Talbot County .1777 William Fitzhugh .Calvert County .1778 Josias Beall .Prince George’s County. .1779 William Bruff .Queen Anne’s County .1780 Thomas Cockey Deye. .Baltimore County .1781 George Dent • Charles County .1789 Levin Winder .Somerset County .1791 Matthew Tilghman .Kent County .1794 Philip Key ,St. Mary’s County .1795 James Carroll Baltimore County .1797 Henry H. Chapman • Charles County .1798 Edward Hall Anne Arundel County... .1800 Charles Frazier • Queen Anne’s County .1801 Tobias E. Stansbury... Baltimore County .1803 Charles Frazier Queen Anne’s County .1804 Archibald Van Horn... Prince George’s County. .1805 Tobias E. Stansbury... Baltimore County .1806 Levin Winder Somerset County .1808 Tobias E. Stansbury... Baltimore County .1809 John C. Herbert Prince George’s County. .1812 Henry H. Chapman Charles County .1814 Nicholas Stonestreet... Charles County .1816 James Brown Queen Anne’s County .1818 Tobias E. Stansbury... Baltimore County .1819 William H. Marriott... Anne Arundel County... .1822 Tobias E. Stansbury... Baltimore County .1823 William H. Marriott... Anne Arundel County... .1824 Benedict I. Semmes Prince George’s County. .1825 1 Extraordinary Session of one day held November 10. 1950. MARYLAND MANUAL 461

Janies W. McCulloh Baltimore County 1826 John G. Chapman Charles County 1828 Francis Thomas Frederick County 1829 Richard Thomas St. Mary’s County 1830 Thomas Wright Queen Anne’s County 1833 William J. Blackistone St. Mary’s County 1834 Benjamin L. Gantt Prince George’s County 1835 William H. Tuck Prince George’s County 1837 Charles Sterret Ridgely Anne Arundel County 1838 James W. Williams Harford County 1839 Charles Sterret Ridgely Anne Arundel County 1839 John C. LeGrand Baltimore County 1841 Daniel S. Biser Frederick County 1842 William H. Watson Baltimore City 1843 John G. Chapman Baltimore City 1844 William S. Waters Somerset County 1845 John P. Kennedy Baltimore County 1846 William J. Blackistone St. Mary’s County 1847 John R. Franklin Worcester County 1850 Elias Ware Baltimore City 1852 John F. Dent St. Mary’s County 1854 William H. Travers Baltimore City 1856 John S. Berry Baltimore County 1858 E. G. Kilbourn Anne Arundel County 1860 John S. Berry Baltimore County 1861 Thomas H. Kemp Caroline County 1864 John M. Frazier Baltimore City 1865 Oliver Miller Anne Arundel County 1867 William A. Stewart Baltimore City 1868 Ferdinand C. Latrobe Baltimore City 1870 Arthur P. Gorman Howard County 1872 Jesse K. Hines Kent County 1874 Lewis C. Smith Washington County 1876 Fetter S. Hoblitzell Baltimore City 1878 Hiram McCullough Cecil County 1880 Otis Keilholtz Baltimore City 1882 J. Pembroke Thom Baltimore City 1884 Joseph B. Seth Talbot County 1886 George M. Upshur Worcester County 1888 John Hubner Baltimore County 1890 Murray Vandiver Harford County 1892 James H. Preston Baltimore City 1894 Sydney E. Mudd Charles County 1896 Louis Schaefer Baltimore City 1898 Lloyd Wilkinson Worcester County 1900 Noble L. Mitchell Harford County 1902 Dr. George Y. Everhart Baltimore County 1904 Carville D. Benson Baltimore County 1906 J. Enos Ray, Jr Prince George’s County 1908 Adam Peeples Cecil County 1910 James McC. Trippe Baltimore City 1912 Philip D. Laird Montgomery County 1916 David G. McIntosh Baltimore County 1917 Herbert R. Wooden Carroll County 1918 Millard E. Tydings Harford County 1920 John L. G. Lee Harford County 1922 Francis P. Curtis Baltimore City 1924 E. Brooke Lee Montgomery County 1927 Francis A. Michel Baltimore City 1931 T. Barton Harrington Baltimore City 1933 462 MARYLAND MANUAL

Emanuel Gorfine Baltimore City 1935 Thomas E. Conlon Baltimore City 1939 John S. White Prince George’s County 1944 C. Ferdinand Sybert. Howard County 1947 John C. Luber Baltimore City 1951 o- JUDGES OF THE COURT OF APPEALS* Benjamin Rumsey, Baltimore County 1778-1 SDfi Benjamin Mackall, 4th, Calvert County 1778-1806 Thomas Jones, Baltimore County 1778-1806 Solomon Wright, Queen Anne’s County 1778 179? James Murray, Dorchester County 1778-1784 Richard Potts, Frederick County ' 1801-1806 Littleton Dennis, Somerset County "."!!!.."...”."!"”l801-1806 Jeremiah Townley Chase, Anne Arundel County 1806-1824 Tnghman, Queen Anne’s County 1806-1809 William Polk, Somerset County 1806-1812 Richard Sprigg, Prince George’s County 1806 Joseph Hopper Nicholson, Baltimore County 1806-1817 John Mackall Gantt, Prince George’s County 1806-1811 John Buchanan, Washington County 1806-1844 Richard Tilghman Earle, Queen Anne’s County 1809-1834 John Johnson, Prince George’s County 1811-1891 John Done, Worcester County "H".!!."!."!l812-1814 William Bond Martin, Dorchester County.... 1814 1896 Walter Dorsey, Baltimore County .!"..""!!"".!!l817-1823 John Stephen, Prince George’s County 1822-1844 Stevenson Archer, Harford County ”"””"l823-1848 Thomas Beale Dorsey, Anne Arundel County 1824-1861 Ezekiel Forman Chambers, Kent County 1834-1861 Ara_ Spence, Worcester County 1886-1861 William B. Stone, Charles County 1844-1845 Samuel M. Semmes, Allegany County ."!""!!""!!"..1844-1845 Alexander Contee Magruder, Prince George’s County 1844-1851 Robert N. Martin, Frederick County 1846-1851 William Frick, Baltimore County 1848-1851 John Carroll LeGrand, Baltimore City 1851-1861 John Bowers Eccleston, Kent County 1851-1860 ââm Tuck, Anne Arundel County 1851-1861 John Thomson■ Mason, Washington County 1851-1857 James Lawrence Bartol, Baltimore City 1857-1883 Brice John Goldsborough, Dorchester County 1860-1867 Silas Morris Cochran, Baltimore City 1861-1866 Richard Johns Bowie, Montgomery County 1861 -1867 Daniel Weisel, Washington County !"Z"Zl864-1867 Peter Wood Cram, Charles County Xg07 James Augustus Stewart, Dorchester County 1867-1879 Richard Henry Alvey, Washington County 1867-1893 Richard^ Grason, Baltimore County 1867-1882 John Mitchell Robinson, Queen Anne’s County 1867-1896 Oliver Miller, Anne Arundel County 1867-1892 Madison Nelson, Frederick County 1867 1870 George Brent, Charles County ..»!Z!ZZZ"!!!l867-1881 William Pinkney Maulsby, Frederick County 1870-1871 following-?68 a11 jUd8reS‘ A Separate list of Chief Judês be found immediately MARYLAND MANUAL 463 Richard Johns Bowie, Montgomery County 1871-1881 Levin Thomas Handy Irving, Somerset County 1879-1892 John Ritchie, Frederick County 1881-1887 Daniel Randall Magruder, Calvert County 1881 Frederick Stone, Charles County 1881-1890 George Yellot, Baltimore County 1882-1889 William Shepard Bryan, Baltimore City 1883-1898 James McSherry, Frederick County 1887-1907 David Fowler, Baltimore County 1889-1905 John Parran Briscoe, Calvert County 1890-1923 Henry Page, Somerset County 1892-1908 Charles Boyle Roberts, Carroll County 1892-1899 Andrew Hunter Boyd, Allegany County 1893-1924 George Mitchell Russum, Caroline County 1896-1897 James Alfred Pearce, Kent County 1897-1912 Samuel D. Schmucker, Baltimore City 1898-1911 James A. C. Bond, Carroll County 1899 Isaac Thomas Jones, Howard County 1899-1907 Nicholas Charles Burke, Baltimore County 1905-1920 John G. Rogers, Howard County 1907 W. Laird Henry, Dorchester County 1908-1909 William H. Thomas, Carroll County 1907-1924 Glenn H. Worthington, Frederick County 1908-1909 John R. Pattison, Dorchester County 1909-1934 Hammond Urner, Frederick County 1909-1938 Henry Stockbridge, Baltimore City 1911-1924 Albert Constable, Cecil County 1912-1919 William H. Adkins, Talbot County 1919-1934 T. Scott Offutt, Baltimore County 1920-1942 W. Mitchell Digges, Charles County 1923-1934 Carroll T. Bond, Baltimore City 1924-1943 Francis Neal Parke, Carroll County 1924-1941 William C. Walsh, Allegany County 1924-1926 D. Lindley Sloan, Allegany County 1926-1944 Benjamin A. Johnson, Wicomico County 1934-1943 Wm. Mason Shehan, Talbot County 1934-1940 Walter J. Mitchell, Charles County 1934-1941 Edward S. Delaplaine, Frederick County 1938- Stephen R. Collins, Kent County 1940- Wm. H. Forsythe, Howard County 1941-1942 Ogle Marbury, Prince George’s County 1941-1952 Ridgely P. Melvin, Anne Arundel County 1942-1945 C. Gus Grason, Baltimore County 1942-1951 Levin C. Bailey, Wicomico County 1943-1944 Rowland K. Adams, Baltimore City 1943-1944 Walter C. Capper, Allegany County 1944 William L. Henderson, Baltimore City 1944- Charles Markell, Baltimore City 1945-1952 Hall Hammond, Baltimore County 1952- Simon E. Sobeloff, Baltimore City 1952-1954 Frederick W. Brune, Baltimore City 1954-

CHIEF JUDGES OF THE COURT OF APPEALS Benjamin Rumsey 1778-1806 Jeremiah Townley Chase 1806-1824 John Buchanan 1824-1844 464 MARYLAND MANUAL Stevenson Archer 1844-1848 Thomas Beale Dorsey 1848-1851 John Carroll LeGrand 1851-1861 Richard Johns Bowie 1861-1867 James Lawrence Bartol ^1867-1883 Richard Henry Alvey ...'.".1883-1893 John Mitchell Robinson 1893-1896 James McSherry ..1896-1907 Andrew Hunter Boyd Il907-1924 Carroll T. Bond 1924-1943 D. Lindley Sloan 1943-1944 Ogle Marbury ".’...""!""!""!l944-1952 Charles Markell 1952 Simon E. Sobeloff 1952-1954 Frederick W. Brune 1954- o ATTORNEYS GENERAL Luther Martin William Pinkney !...... 1805 John Thomson Mason 1806 John Johnson 1806 John Montgomery 1811 Luther Martin 1 1818 Thomas B. Dorsey 1822 Thomas Kell "!!"™"!l824 Roger B. Taney ”..."."."l827 Josiah Bayley 1831 George R. Richardson 1846 Robert J. Brent 18512 Alexander Randall 1865 Isaac D. Jones 1867 Andrew K. Syester 1871 Charles J. M. Gwinn 1875 Charles B. Roberts 1883 William Pinkney Whyte 1887 John P. Poe ”....1891 Harry M. Clabaugh ".T895 George R. Gaither, Jr 1899 Isidor Rayner 1899 William S. Bryan, Jr 1903 Isaac Lobe Strauss 1907 Edgar Allen Poe 1911 Albert C. Ritchie 3 1915 Ogle Marbury 1918 Alexander Armstrong 1919 Thomas H. Robinson 1923 Wm. Preston Lane, Jr 1930 Herbert R. O’Conor 1934 William C. Walsh 1938 William Curran 1945 Hall Hammond 1946 Edward D. E. Rollins 1952 C. Ferdinand Sybert 1954 ’ During the physical incapacity of Luther Martin, 1820-1822, the Governor appointed Nathaniel Williams Assistant Attorney General to act as Attorney General. 2 The office of Attorney Genera] was abolished by the Constitution of 1851 but was re-established by the Constitution of 1864 (Art. V, Sec. 1). 3 During Ritchie’s absence, June 1918-January 1919, the Assistant Attorney General, Ogle Marbury, became Acting Attorney General. MARYLAND MANUAL 465

MARYLAND IN CONGRESS DELEGATES TO THE COLONIAL CONGRESS, 1765 William Murdock Thomas Ringgold Edward Tilghman SIGNERS OF DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, 1776 Samuel Chase William Paca Charles Carroll of Carrollton Thomas Stone SIGNERS OF ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION, 1781 John Hanson Daniel Carroll SIGNERS OF FEDERAL CONSTITUTION, 1787 James McHenry Daniel Carroll Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer MEMBERS OF THE CONVENTION OF MARYLAND WHICH RATIFIED THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION, APRIL 21-29, 1788* George Plater, President William Harwood, Secretary Annapolis—Nicholas Carroll, Alexander Contee Hanson. Baltimore Town—James McHenry, John Coulter. Anne Arundel County—Jeremiah T. Chase, Samuel Chase, John F, Mercer, Benjamin Harrison. St. Mary’s County—George Plater, Richard Barnes, Charles Chilton, Nicholas L. Sewell. Kent County—William Tilghman, Donaldson Yates, Isaac Perkins, William Granger. Calvert County—Joseph Wilkinson, Charles Graham, Walter Smith, John Chesley, Jr. Charles County—Zephaniah Turner, Gustavus R. Brown, Michael J. Stone, John Parnham. Somerset County—George Gale, John Stewart, John Gale, Henry Waggaman. Talbot County—Robert Goldsborough, Jr., Edward Lloyd, John Stevens, Jeremiah Banning. Dorchester County—Robert Goldsborough, Sr., Nicholas Hammond, James Shaw, Daniel Sulivane. Baltimore County—Charles Ridgely, Charles Ridgely of William, Ed- ward Cockey, Nathan Cromwell. Cecil County—Henry Hollingsworth, James G. Heron, Joseph Gilpin, William Evans. Prince George’s County—Fielder Bowie, George Digges, Osborne Sprigg, Benjamin Hall. Queen Anne’s County—James Tilghman, 3rd, James Hollyday, Wil- liam Hemsley, John Seney. Worcester County—John Done, Peter Chaille, William Morris, James Martin. Frederick County—Thomas Johnson, Thomas Sim Lee, Richard Potts, Abraham Faw. Harford County—Luther Martin, William Paca, William Pinkney, John Love. * The names of the Members of the Convention are taken from Philip A. Growl, “Maryland During and After the Revolution.” pp. 165-168. 466 MARYLAND MANUAL

Caroline County—William Richardson, Joseph Richardson, Matthew Driver, Peter Edmondson. Washington County-—John Stull, Moses Rawlings, Thomas Sprigg, Henry Shryock. Montgomery County—Benjamin Edwards, Richard Thomas, Thomas Cramphin, William Deakins, Jr. o DELEGATES TO THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS Robert Alexander 1776-1777 William Carmichael 1778-1780 Charles Carroll of Carrollton 1776-1778 Daniel Carroll 1780-1784 Jeremiah T. Chase 1783-1784 Samuel Chase 1774-1778 Samuel Chase 1784-1785 Benjamin Contee 1787-1788 James Forbes 1778-1780 Uriah Forrest 1786-1787 Robert Goldsborough 1774-1775 John Hall 1775 John Hall 1783-1784 John Hanson 1780-1783 William Harrison 1785-1787 William Hemsley 1782-1784 John Henry 1778-1781 John Henry 1784-1787 William Hindman 1784-1787 John E. Howard 1787-1788 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer 1778-1782 Thomas Johnson 1774-1777 Thomas Sim Lee 1783-1784 Edward Lloyd 1783-1784 James McHenry 1783-1786 Luther Martin 1784-1785 William Paca 1774-1779 George Plater 1778-1781 Richard Potts 1781-1782 Nathaniel Ramsey 1785-1787 Richard Ridgely 1785-1786 John Rogers 1775-1776 David Ross 1786-1787 Benjamin Rumsey 1776-1778 Gustavus Scott 1784-1785 Joshua Seney 1787-1788 William Smith 1777-1778 Thomas Stone 1775-1779 Thomas Stone 1784-1785 Matthew Tilghman 1774-1777 Turbutt Wright 1781-1782 ——o UNITED STATES SENATORS FROM MARYLAND 1789—John Henry, Charles Carroll of Carrollton. 1791—John Henry, Charles Carroll of Carrollton,1 Richard Potts.5 1 Resigned November 30, 1792. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and took his seat February 4, 1793. MARYLAND MANUAL 467

1793—John Henry, Richard Potts. 1795—John Henry, Richard Potts,3 John Eager Howard.* 1797—John Henry,3 James Lloyd,6 John Eager Howard. 1799—John E. Howard, James Lloyd,’ William Hindman.8 1801—John E. Howard, William Hindman, Robert Wright." 1803—Robert Wright, Samuel Smith. 1805—Robert Wright,10 Philip Reed,11 Samuel Smith. 1807—Samuel Smith, Philip Reed. 1809—Samuel Smith,12 Philip Reed. 1811—Samuel Smith, Philip Reed. 1813—Samuel Smith, Robert H. Goldsborough.13 (Continued on page 470) o MARYLAND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS First District: Worcester, Somerset, Wicomico, Dorchester, Talbot, Queen Anne’s, Caroline, Kent and Cecil counties. Second District: Harford, Carroll and Baltimore counties. Third District: First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Twenty-second, Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Wards of Baltimore City, and the Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Precincts of the Eighteenth Ward of Baltimore City, the First to Twenty-fifth Precincts, inclusive, of the Twenty-sixth Ward and the First Precinct of the Twenty-seventh Ward. Fourth District: Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Seventeenth, Nineteenth and Twentieth Wards of Balti- more City, the First and Second Precincts of the Eighteenth Ward, the Twentieth to the Twenty-sixth-A Precincts, inclusive, and the Thirty-third to the Thirty-seventh Precincts, inclusive, of the Twenty- seventh Ward of Baltimore City. Fifth District: The Twelfth to the Nineteenth Precincts, inclusive of the Twenty-fifth Ward of Baltimore City, and St. Mary’s, Charles, Calvert, Prince George’s, Anne Arundel and Howard counties. Sixth District: Allegany, Garrett, Washington, Frederick and Montgomery counties. Seventh District: The Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Twenty-first and Twenty-eighth Wards, the First to the Eleventh Precincts of the Twenty-fifth Ward, the Twenty-sixth to the Thirty-first Precincts, inclusive, of the Twenty-sixth Ward, the Second to Nineteenth Pre- cincts, inclusive, the Twenty-seventh to the Thirty-second Precincts, inclusive, and the Thirty-eighth to the Fifty-ninth Precincts, inclusive of the Twenty-seventh Ward of Baltimore City. 3 Resigned October 24, 1796. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Richard Potts, and took his seat December 27, 1796. 5 Resigned December 10, 1797, having been elected governor. 6Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Henry, and took his seat January 11, 1798. 7 Resigned December 1, 1800. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Lloyd, and took his seat December 15, 1800. 9 Elected to fill vacancy in term beginning March 4, 1801, and took his seat December 7, 1801. 10 Resigned in 1806. 11 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert Wright, and took his seat December 29, 1806. 12 Appointed and subsequently reelected for the term beginning March 4, 1809. 13 Elected for term beginning March 4, 1813, and took his seat May 27, 1813; vacancy in this class from March 4, 1813, to May 12, 1813. 468 MARYLAND MANUAL MARYLAND MANUAL 469

~~NEW NORTHERN CITY LINE~~

~~Map of~~

~~BALTIMORE CITY Showing boundaries of Congressional Districts~~

5 470 MARYLAND MANUAL 1815—Robert H. Goldsborough, Robert G. Harper,11 Alexander C. Hanson.16 1817—Robert H. Goldsborough, Alexander C. Hanson. 1819—Alexander C. Hanson,10 William Pinkney,17 Edward Lloyd.18 1821—Edward Lloyd, William Pinkney,19 Samuel Smith.20 1823—Edward Lloyd, Samuel Smith. 1825—Edward Lloyd,21 Ezekiel F. Chambers,22 Samuel Smith. 1827—Samuel Smith, Ezekiel F. Chambers. 1829—Samuel Smith, Ezekiel F. Chambers. 1831—Samuel Smith, Ezekiel F. Chambers. 1833—Ezekiel F. Chambers,23 Robert H. Goldsborough,24 Joseph Kent. 1835—Robert H. Goldsborough,25 John S. Spence,26 Joseph Kent. 1837—Joseph Kent,27 William D. Merrick,28 John S. Spence. 1839—John S. Spence,29 John L. Kerr,30 William D. Merrick. 1841—William D. Merrick, John L. Kerr. 1843—William D. Merrick, James A. Pearce. 1845—James A. Pearce, Reverdy Johnson. 1847—James A. Pearce, Reverdy Johnson. 1849—James A. Pearce, Reverdy Johnson,31 David Stewart,32 Thomas G. Pratt.33 1851—James A. Pearce, Thomas G. Pratt. 1853—James A. Pearce, Thomas G. Pratt. 1855—James A. Pearce, Thomas G. Pratt. 1857—James A. Pearce, Anthony Kennedy. 1859—James A. Pearce, Anthony Kennedy. 1861—James A. Pearce,34 Thomas H. Hicks,36 Anthony Kennedy. 14 Elected to serve “from January 29, 1816, to March 3, 1821,” and took his seat February 5, 1816; resigned December 6, 1816; vacancy in this class from March 4, 1815, to January 28, 1816, caused by failure of legislature to elect. 15 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Robert G. Harper, and took his seat January 2, 1817. 10 Died April 23, 1819. 17 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Alexander C. Hanson, and took his seat January 4, 1820. 18 Elected for the term beginning March 4, 1819, and took his seat December 27. 1819 ; vacancy in this class from March 4, 1819, to December 20, 1819. 19 Died February 25, 1822. 20 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Pinkney, and took his seat December 17, 1822. 21 Resigned in January, 1826. 22 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edward Lloyd, and took his seat February 22, 1826. 23 Resigned in 1834. 24 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Ezekiel F. Chambers, and took his seat January 23, 1835. 25 Died October 5, 1836. 20 Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of Robert H. Goldsborough, and took his seat January 11, 1837. 27 Died November 24, 1837. 28 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Joseph Kent, and took his seat January 5, 1838. 29 Died October 24, 1840. 30 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of John S. Spence, and took his seat January 13, 1841. 31 Resigned March 7, 1849. 32 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Reverdy Johnson, and took his seat December 8, 1849. 33 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Reverdy Johnson, and took his seat January 14, 1850. 34 Died December 20, 1862. 35 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of James A. Pearce, and took his seat January 14, 1863. MARYLAND MANUAL 471

1863—Thomas H. Hicks,sa Reverdy Johnson. 1865—Reverdy Johnson, John A. J. Creswell.37 1867—Reverdy Johnson,88 William Pinkney Whyte,80 George Vickers.10 1869—George Vickers, William T. Hamilton. 1871—George Vickers, William T. Hamilton. 1873—William T. Hamilton, George R. Dennis. 1875—George R. Dennis, William Pinkney Whyte. 1877—George R. Dennis, William Pinkney Whyte. 1879—William Pinkney Whyte, James B. Groome. 1881—James B. Groome, Arthur Pue Gorman. 1883—James B. Groome, Arthur Pue Gorman. 1885—Arthur Pue Gorman, Ephraim K. Wilson. 1887—Arthur Pue Gorman, Ephraim K. Wilson. 1889—Arthur Pue Gorman, Ephraim K. Wilson.41 1891—Arthur Pue Gorman, Charles H. Gibson.42 1893—Arthur Pue Gorman, Charles H. Gibson. 1895—Arthur Pue Gorman, Charles H. Gibson. 1897—Arthur Pue Gorman, George L. Wellington. 1899—George L. Wellington, Louis E. McComas. 1901—George L. Wellington, Louis E. McComas. 1903—Louis E. McComas, Arthur Pue Gorman. 1905—Arthur Pue Gorman,18 William Pinkney Whyte,44 Isidor Rayner. 1907—Isidor Rayner, William Pinkney Whyte,46 John Walter Smith.4” 1909—Isidor Rayner, John Walter Smith. 1911—Isidor Rayner,47 William P. Jackson,48 John Walter Smith. 1913—John Walter Smith, William P. Jackson, Blair Lee.40 30 Died February 14, 1865. 87 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Thomas H. Hicks, in preceding Con- gress, and took his seat December 4, 1865. 38 Resigned July 10, 1868. 30 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Reverdy Johnson, and took his seat July 14, 1868. 40 Elected for term beginning March 4, 1867, and took his seat March 9, 1868. The credentials of Philip F. Thomas, Senator-elect, were presented March 18, 1867, but he was not permitted to qualify; on February 19, 1868, the Senate adopted a resolution that he was not entitled to qualify as he had “voluntarily given aid, countenance, and encouragement to persons engaged in armed hostility to the United States.” 41 Died February 24, 1891 ; had been reelected for the term beginning March 4, 1891. 42 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Ephraim K. Wilson, in preceding Congress, and took his seat December 7, 1891; subsequently elected; vacancy in this class from February 25 to November 18, 1891. 43 Died June 4, 1906. 44 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Arthur Pue Gorman, and took his seat June 11, 1906 ; subsequently elected. 45 Died March 17, 1908. 46 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William Pinkney Whyte, and took his seat March 26, 1908. 47 Died November 25, 1912. 48 Appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of Isidor Rayner, and took his seat December 3, 1912. 40 Elected on November 4, 1913, to fill vacancy caused by death of Isidor Rayner (in preceding Congress) ; credentials were presented on December 5, 1913, and referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections, and pending report he did not attempt to qualify; on January 19, 1914, a resolution was reported to the effect that he had been legally elected and was entitled to the seat; on January 28 1914, the Senate adopted the resolution and he took his seat the same day. This; was the first election by popular vote held pursuant to the seventeenth amendment to the Constitution. /

~~472 MARYLAND MANUAL~~

1915—John Walter Smith, Blair Lee. 1917—John Walter Smith, Joseph I. France. 1919—John Walter Smith, Joseph I. France. 1921—Joseph I. France, Ovington E. Weller. 1923—Ovington E. Weller, William Cabell Bruce. 1925—Ovington E. Weller, William Cabell Bruce. 1927—William Cabell Bruce, Millard E. Tydings. 1929—Millard E. Tydings, Phillips Lee Goldsborough. 1931—Millard E. Tydings, Phillips Lee Goldsborough. 1933—Millard E. Tydings, Phillips Lee Goldsborough. 1935—Millard E. Tydings, George L. Radcliffe. 1937-—Millard E. Tydings, George L. Radcliffe. 1939—Millard E. Tydings, George L. Radcliffe. 1941—Millard E. Tydings, George L. Radcliffe. 1943—Millard E. Tydings, George L. Radcliffe. 1945—Millard E. Tydings, George L. Radcliffe. 1947—Milliad E. Tydings, Herbert R. O’Conor. 1949—Millard E. Tydings, Herbert R. O’Conor. 1951—Herbert R. O’Conor, John Marshall Butler. 1953—John Marshall Butler, J. Glenn Beall. 1955—John Marshall Butler (R.) 1957, J. Glenn Beall (R.) 1959.

UNITED STATES REPRESENTATIVES FROM MARYLAND 1789—Daniel Carroll, Benjamin Contee, George Gale, Joshua Seney, William Smith, Michael Jenifer Stone. 1791—Philip Key, William Pinkney,1 John Francis Mercer,” William Vans Murray, Joshua Seney,3 William Hindman,4 Upton Sheridine, Samuel Sterett. 1793—Gabriel Christie, George Dent, John F. Mercer,6 Gabriel Duvall,0 William Vans Murray, Uriah Forrest,7 Benjamin Ed- wards,8 William Hindman, Samuel Smith, Thomas Sprigg. 1795—Gabriel Christie, Jeremiah Crabb,0 William Craik,10 Gabriel Duvall,11 Richard Sprigg, Jr.,12 George Dent, William Hind- 1 Resigned in November, 1791, the question of ineligibility owing to his residence being raised. 2 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Pinkney, and took his seat February 6, 1792. 3 Resigned May 1, 1792. 4 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joshua Seney, and took his seat January 30, 1793. 6 Resigned April 13, 1794. 6 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John F. Mercer, and took his seat November 1, 1794. 7 Resigned November 8, 1794. 8 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Uriah Forrest, and took his seat January 2, 1795. 9 Resigned in 1796. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Jeremiah Crabb, and took his seat December 5, 1796. 11 Resigned March 28, 1796, having been appointed judge of the General Court of Maryland. 12 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Gabriel Duval, and took his seat May 5, 1796. MARYLAND MANUAL 473

man, Samuel Smith, Thomas Sprigg, William Vans Murray. 1797-—George Baer, Jr., William Craik, John Dennis, George Dent, William Hindman, William Matthews, Samuel Smith, Richard Sprigg, Jr. 1799—George Baer, Gabriel Christie, William Craik, George Dent, John Dennis, Joseph Nicholson, Samuel Smith, John C. Thomas. 1801—John Archer, John Campbell, John Dennis, Daniel Hiester, Joseph Nicholson, Thomas Plater, Samuel Smith, Richard Sprigg, Jr.,13 Walter Bowie.14 1803—John Archer, Walter Bowie, John Campbell, John Dennis, Nicholas R. Moore, William McCreery, Daniel Hiester,16 Roger Nelson,18 Joseph H. Nicholson, Thomas Plater. 1805—John Archer, John Campbell, Leonard Covington, Joseph H. Nicholson,17 Edward Lloyd,18 Patrick Magruder, William McCreery, Nicholas R. Moore, Roger Nelson, Charles Goldsborough. 1807^—John Campbell, Charles Goldsborough, Philip Key,18 Edward Lloyd, William McCreery,20 John Montgomery, Nicholas R. Moore, Roger Nelson, Archibald Van Horne. 1809—John Brown,21 Robert Wright,22 John Campbell, Charles Golds- borough, Philip B. Key, Alexander McKim, John Mont- gomery, Nicholas R. Moore, Roger Nelson,23 Samuel Ring- gold,21 Archibald Van Horne. 1811—Charles Goldsborough, Joseph Kent, Philip B. Key, Peter Little, Alexander McKim, John Montgomery,26 Stevenson Archer,26 Samuel Ringgold, Philip Stuart, Robert Wright.21 1813—Stevenson Archer, Charles Goldsborough, Alexander C. Hanson, Joseph Kent, Alexander McKim, Nicholas R. Moore, Sam- uel Ringgold, Philip Stuart, Robert Wright. 1815—Stevenson Archer, George Baer, Charles Goldsborough, John C. Herbert, William Pinkney,28 Peter Little,28 Alexander C. 13 Resigned February 11, 1802. 14 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Richard Sprigg, Jr., and took his seat March 24, 1802. 15 Died March 7, 1804. 10 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Daniel Hiester, and took his seat November 6, 1804. 17 Resigned March 1, 1806. 18 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph H. Nicholson, and took his seat December 3, 1806. 10 Election was questioned upon the grounds that he was not a resident of the district from which elected and that he was a British pensioner; a resolution de- claring him entitled to his seat was passed by a vote of 67 to 52, March 18, 1808. 20 Election unsuccessfully contested by Joshua Barney. 21 Resigned in 1810, before the commencement of the Twelfth Congress, to which he had been elected. 22 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Brown, and took his seat December 3, 1810. ^Resigned May 14, 1810. 24 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Roger Nelson, and took his seat December 7, 1810. 25 Resigned April 29, 1811, before Congress assembled. 20 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John Montgomery, and took his seat November 4, 1811. 27 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Representative-elect John Brown, in preceding Congress. 28 Resigned April 18, 1816, having been appointed minister to Russia. 20 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of William Pinkney, and took his seat December 2, 1816. 474 MARYLAND MANUAL

Hanson,30 George Peter,31 Nicholas R. Moore,32 Samuel Smith,33 Philip Stuart, Robert Wright. 1817—Thomas Bayly, Thomas Culbreth, John C. Herbert, Peter Little, George Peter, Philip Reed, Samuel Ringgold, Sam- uel Smith, Philip Stuart. 1819—Stevenson Archer, Thomas Bayly, Thomas Culbreth, Joseph Kent, Peter Little, Raphael Neale, Samuel Ringgold, Samuel Smith, Henry R. Warfield. 1821—Thomas Bayly, Jeremiah Cosden,'" Philip Reed,35 Joseph Kent, Peter Little, Raphael Neale, John Nelson, Samuel Smith,31' Isaac McKim,37 Henry R. Warfield, Robert Wright. 1823—William Heyward, Jr., Joseph Kent, John Lee, Peter Little, Isaac McKim,38 George E. Mitchell, Raphael Neale, John S. Spence, Henry Warfield. 1825—John Barney, Clement Dorsey, Joseph Kent,38 John C. Weems,40 John L. Kerr, Peter Little, Robert N. Martin, George E. Mitchell, George Peter, Thomas C. Worthington. 1827—John Barney, Clement Dorsey, Levin Gale, John L. Kerr, Peter Little, Michael C. Sprigg, George C. Washington, John C. Weems, Ephraim K. Wilson. 1829—Elias Brown, Clement Dorsey, Benjamin C. Howard, George E. Mitchell, Benedict J. Semmes, Richard Spencer, Michael C. Sprigg, George C. Washington, Ephraim K. Wilson. 1831—Benjamin C. Howard, Daniel Jenifer, John L. Kerr, George E. Mitchell,41 Charles S. Sewall,12 Benedict J. Semmes, John S. Spence, Francis Thomas, George C. Washington, John T. H. Worthington. 1833—Richard B. Carmichael, Littleton P. Dennis,43 John N. Steele,44 James P. Heath, William Cost Johnson, Isaac McKim, John T. Stoddert, Francis Thomas, James Turner. 1835—John N. Steele, James A. Pearce, James Turner, Benjamin C. Howard, Isaac McKim, George C. Washington, Francis Thomas, Daniel Jenifer. 30 Resigned in 1816. 81 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Alexander C. Hanson, and took his seat December 2, 1816. 32 Resigned in 1815, before Congress assembled. 33 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Nicholas R. Moore, and took his seat February 4, 1816. 34 Served until March 19, 1822; succeeded by Philip Reed, who contested his election. 85 Successfully contested the election of Jeremiah Cosden, and took his seat March 19, 1822. 36 Resigned December 17, 1822, before the commencement of the Eighteenth Con- gress, to which he had been elected, having been elected Senator. 37 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Samuel Smith, and took his seat January 8, 1823. 88 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Representative-elect Samuel Smith, in preceding Congress. 39 Resigned January 6, 1826, having been elected governor. 40Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Joseph Kent, and took his seat February 7, 1826. 41 Died June 28, 1832. 42 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George E. Mitchell, and took his seat December 3, 1832. 43 Died April 14, 1834. 44 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Littleton P. Dennis, and took his seat June 9, 1834. MARYLAND MANUAL 475

1837—John Dennis, James A. Pearce, John T. H. Worthington, Ben- jamin C. Howard, Isaac McKim,46 John P. Kennedy,49 William Cost Johnson, Francis Thomas, Daniel Jenifer. 1839—John Dennis, Philip F. Thomas, John T. H. Worthington, Solomon Hillen, Jr., James Carroll, William Cost Johnson, Francis Thomas, Daniel Jenifer. 1841—Isaac D. Jones, James A. Pearce, James W. Williams,47 Charles S. Sewall,48 John P. Kennedy, Alexander Randall, William Cost Johnson, John T. Mason, Augustus R. Sellers. 1843—John M. S. Causin, Francis Brengle, John Wethered, John P. Kennedy, Jacob A. Preston, Thomas A. Spence. 1845—John G. Chapman, Albert Constable, William F. Giles, Thomas W. Ligon, Edward H. C. Long, Thomas J. Perry. 1847—John G. Chapman, J. Dixon Roman, Thomas W. Ligon, Robert M. McLane, Alexander Evans, John W. Crisfield. 1849-—Richard Johns Bowie, William T. Hamilton, Edward Hammond, Robert M. McLane, Alexander Evans, John B. Kerr. 1851—Richard J. Bowie, William T. Hamilton, Edward Hammond, Thomas Yates Walsh, Alexander Evans, Joseph S. Cottman. 1853—John R. Franklin, Jacob Shower, Joshua Vansant, Henry May, William T. Hamilton, Augustus R. Sellers. 1855—James A. Stewart, James B. Ricaud, J. Morrison Harris, H. Winter Davis, Henry W. Hoffman, Thomas F. Bowie. 1857—James A. Stewart, James B. Ricaud, J. Morrison Harris,49 H. Winter Davis,60 Jacob M. Kunkel, Thomas F. Bowie. 1859—James A. Stewart, Edwin H. Webster, J. Morrison Harris,51 H. Winter Davis,52 Jacob M. Kunkel, George W. Hughes. 1861—Charles B. Calvert, John W. Crisfield, Cornelius L. L. Leary, Henry May, Francis Thomas, Edwin H. Webster. 1863—John A. J. Creswell, Henry Winter Davis, Benjamin G. Harris, Francis Thomas, Edwin H. Webster. 1865—Hiram McCullough, Edwin H. Webster,53 John L. Thomas, Jr.,64 Charles E. Phelps, Francis Thomas, Benjamin G. Harris. 1867—Hiram McCullough, Stevenson Archer, Charles E. Phelps, Francis Thomas, Frederick Stone. 1869—Samuel Hambleton, Stevenson Archer, Thomas Swann, Patrick Hamill, Frederick Stone. 1871—Samuel Hambleton, Stevenson Archer, Thomas Swann, John Ritchie, William M. Merrick. 45 Died April 1, 1838. 40 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Isaac McKim, and took his seat April 30, 1838. 47 Died December 2, 1842. 48 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of James W. Williams, and took his seat January 7, 1843. 40 Election unsuccessfully contested by William Pinkney Whyte. 60 Election unsuccessfully contested by Henry P. Brooks. 61 Election unsuccessfully contested by William P. Preston. 62 Election unsuccessfully contested by William G. Harrison. 63 Resigned in July, 1865, before Congress assembled, to become collector of the port of Baltimore. 54 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Edwin H. Webster, and took his seat December 4, 1865. 476 MARYLAND MANUAL

1873—Ephraim K. Wilson, Stevenson Archer, William J. O’Brien, Thomas Swann, William J. Albert, Lloyd Lowndes, Jr. 1875—Philip F. Thomas, Charles B. Roberts, William J. O’Brien, Thomas Swann, Eli J. Henkle, William Walsh. 1877—Daniel M. Henry, Charles B. Roberts, William Kimmel, Thomas Swann, Eli J. Henkle, William Walsh. 1879—Daniel M. Henry, J. Fred C. Talbot, Robert M. McLane, Eli J. Henkle, Milton G. Urner, William Kimmel. 1881—George W. Covington, J. Fred Talbot, Fetter S. Hoblitzell, Rob- ert M. McLane, Andrew G. Chapman, Milton G. Urner. 1883—George W. Covington, J. Fred C. Talbot, Fetter S. Hoblitzell, John Y. L. Findlay, Hart B. Holton, Louis E. McComas. 1885—Charles H. Gibson, Frank T. Shaw, William H. Cole,53 Harry W. Rusk,50 John V. L. Findlay, Barnes Compton, Louis E. McComas. 1887—Charles H. Gibson, Frank T. Shaw, Harry W. Rusk, Isidor Rayner, Barnes Compton, Louis E. McComas. 1889—Charles H. Gibson, Herman Stump, Harry W. Rusk, Henry Stockbridge, Jr., Barnes Compton,57 Sydney E. Mudd,58 Louis E. McComas. 1891—Henry Page,59 John B. Brown,80 Herman Stump, Harry W. Rusk, Isidor Rayner, Barnes Compton, William M. McKaig. 1893—Robert F. Bratton,01 W. Laird Henry,02 J. Fred C. Talbott, Harry W. Rusk, Isidor Rayner, Barnes Compton,83 Charles E. Coffin,01 William M. McKaig. 1895—Joshua W. Miles, William B. Baker, Harry W. Rusk,05 John K. Cowen, Charles E. Coffin, George L. Wellington. 1897—Isaac A. Barber, William B. Baker, William S. Booze, William W. Mclntire, Sydney E. Mudd, John McDonald. 1899—John W. Smith,66 Josiah L. Kerr,87 William B. Baker, Frank C. Wachter, James W. Denny, Sidney E. Mudd, George A. Pearre. 1901—William H. Jackson, Albert A. Blakeney, Frank C. Wachter, Charles Schirm, Sydney E. Mudd, George A. Pearre. 65 Died July 8, 1886. 50 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of William H. Cole, and took his seat December 6, 1886. 67 Served until March 20, 1890 ; succeeded by Sydney E. Mudd, who contested his election. 58 Successfully contested the election of Barnes Compton, and took his seat March 20, 1890. 50 Resigned September 3, 1892, having been appointed judge of first judicial district of Maryland. 60 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Page, and took his seat December 5, 1892. 61 Died May 10, 1894. 02 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Robert F. Bratton, and took his seat December 3, 1894. 03 Resigned, effective May 15, 1894. 64 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Barnes Compton, and took his seat December 3, 1894. 65 Election unsuccessfully contested by William S. Booze. 66 Resigned January 12, 1900. 67 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of John W. Smith, and took his seat December 3, 1900. MARYLAND MANUAL 477

1903—William H. Jackson, J. Fred C. Talbott, Frank C. Wachter, James W. Denny, Sydney E. Mudd, George A. Pearre. 1905—Thomas A. Smith, J. Fred C. Talbott, Frank C. Wachter, John Gill, Jr., Sydney E. Mudd, George A. Pearre. 1907—William H. Jackson, J. Fred C. Talbott, Harry B. Wolf, John Gill, Jr., Sydney E. Mudd, George A. Pearre. 1909—J. Harry Covington, J. Fred C. Talbott, John Kronmiller, John Gill, Jr., Sydney E. Mudd, George A. Pearre. 1911—J. Harry Covington, J. Fred C. Talbott, George Konig, J. Charles Linthicum, Thomas Parran, David J. Lewis. 1913—J. Harry Covington,1,8 Jesse D. Price,69 J. Fred C. Talbott, George Konig,70 Charles P. Coady,71 J. Charles Linthicum, Frank 0. Smith, David J. Lewis. 1915—Jesse D. Price, J. Fred C. Talbott, Charles P. Coady, J. Charles Linthicum, Sydney E. Mudd, David J. Lewis. 1917—Jesse D. Price, J. Fred C. Talbott,72 Carville D. Benson,73 Charles P. Coady, J. Charles Linthicum, Sydney E. Mudd, Frederick N. Zihlman. 1919—William N. Andrews, Carville D. Benson, Charles P. Coady, J. Charles Linthicum, Sydney E. Mudd, Frederick N. Zihlman. 1921—T. Alan Goldsborough, Albert A. Blakeney, John Philip Hill, J. Charles Linthicum, Sydney E. Mudd, Frederick N. Zihlman. 1923—T. Alan Goldsborough, Millard E. Tydings, John Philip Hill, J. Charles Linthicum, Sydney E. Mudd.71 Stephen W. Gambrill,76 Frederick N. Zihlman. 1925—T. Alan Goldsborough, Millard E. Tydings, John Philip Hill, J. Charles Linthicum, Stephen W. Gambrill, Frederick N. Zihlman. 1927—T. Alan Goldsborough, William P. Cole, Jr., Vincent L. Pal- misano, J. Charles Linthicum, Stephen W. Gambrill, Fred- erick N. Zihlman. 1929—T. Alan Goldsborough, Linwood L. Clark, Vincent L. Pal- misano,70 J. Charles Linthicum, Stephen W. Gambrill, Frederick N. Zihlman. 1931—T. Alan Goldsborough, William P. Cole, Jr., Vincent L. Pal- misano, J. Charles Linthicum,77 Ambrose J. Kennedy,'8 Stephen W. Gambrill, David J. Lewis. 68 Resigned September 30, 1914. 60 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of J. Harry Covington, and took his seat December 7, 1914. to Died May 31, 1913. 71 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of George Konig, and took his seat November 26, 1913. 72 Died October 5, 1918. 73 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of J. Fred C. Talbott, and took his seat November 18, 1918. 74 Died October 11, 1924. 75 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Sydney E. Mudd. and took his seat December 1, 1924. 76 Election unsuccessfully contested by John P. Hill. 77 Died October 5, 1932. 78 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of J. Charles Linthicum, and took his seat December 5, 1932. 478 MARYLAND MANUAL

1933—T. Alan Goldsborough, William P. Cole, Jr., Vincent L. Palmisano, Ambrose J. Kennedy, Stephen W. Gambrill, David J. Lewis. 1935—T. Alan Goldsborough, William P. Cole, Jr., Vincent L. Palmisano, Ambrose J. Kennedy, Stephen W. Gambrill, David J. Lewis. 1937—T. Alan Goldsborough, William P. Cole, Jr., Vincent L. Palmisano, Ambrose J. Kennedy, Stephen W. Gambrill,™ David J. Lewis. 1939—-T. Alan Goldsborough,80 David J. Ward,81 William P. Cole, Jr., Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr., Ambrose J. Kennedy, Lansdale G. Sasscer,82 William D. Byron. 1941—David J. Ward, William P. Cole, Jr.,83 Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr., John A. Meyer, Lansdale G. Sasscer, William D. Byron,84 Katherine E. Byron.85 1943—David J. Ward, H. Street! Baldwin, Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr., Daniel Ellison, Lansdale G. Sasscer, J. Glenn Beall. 1945—Dudley G. Roe, H. Street! Baldwin, Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr., George H. Fallon, Lansdale G. Sasscer, J. Glenn Beall. 1947—Edward T. Miller, Hugh A. Meade, Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr.,86 Edward A. Garmatz,87 George H. Fallon, Lansdale G. Sasscer, J. Glenn Beall. 1949-—Edward T. Miller, William P. Bolton, Edward A. Garmatz, George H. Fallon, Lansdale G. Sasscer, J. Glenn Beall. 1951—Edward T. Miller, James P. S. Devereux, Edward A. Garmatz, George H. Fallon, Lansdale G. Sasscer, J. Glenn Beall. 1953—Edward T. Miller, James P. S. Devereux, Edward A. Garmatz, George H. Fallon, Frank Small, Jr., DeWitt S. Hyde, Samuel N. Friedel. 1955—Edward T. Miller (R.) 1st Dist., James P. S. Devereux (R.) 2nd Dist., Edward A. Garmatz (D.) 3rd Dist., George H. Fallon (D.) 4th Dist., Richard E. Lankford (D.) 5th Dist., DeWitt S. Hyde (R.) 6th Dist., Samuel N. Friedel (D.) 7th Dist. 70 Died December 19, 1938, before the commencement of the Seventy-sixth Con- gress, to which he had been reelected; vacancy throughout remainder of the Congress. 80 Resigned April 5, 1939, having been appointed as associate justice of the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia. 81 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of T. Alan Goldsborough, and took his seat June 13, 1939. 82 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of Representative-elect Stephen W. Gambrill in preceding Congress, and took his seat February 16, 1939. 83 Resigned October 26, 1942; vacancy throughout remainder of the Congress. 84 Died February 27, 1941. 85 Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of her husband, William D. Byron, and took her seat June 11, 1941. 86 Resigned May 16, 1947, having been elected Mayor of Baltimore. 87 Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr., and took his seat July 24, 1947. MARYLAND MANUAL 479

CABINET MEMBERS James McHenry Secretary of War 1796-1800 Benjamin Stoddert Secretary of the Navy 1798-1801 Benjamin Stoddert Secretary of War 1800 Robert Smith Secretary of the Navy 1801-1809 Robert Smith Secretary of State 1809-1811 William Pinkney Attorney-General 1812-1814 William Wirt Attorney-General 1817-1829 Roger B. Taney Attorney-General 1831-1833 Roger B. Taney Secretary of the Treasury....1833-1834 John Nelson Attorney-General 1843-1845 Reverdy Johnson .Attorney-General 1849-1850 John P. Kennedy .Secretary of the Navy 1852-1853 Philip F. Thomas .Secretary of the Treasury....1860-1861 Montgomery Blair .Postmaster General 1861-1864 John A. J. Creswell... .Postmaster General 1869-1874 James A. Gary .Postmaster General 1897-1898 Charles J. Bonaparte, .Secretary of the Navy 1905-1906 Charles J. Bonaparte. .Attorney-General 1906-1909

JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES Thomas Johnson, Associate Justice 1791-1793 Samuel Chase, Associate Justice 1796-1811 Gabriel Duvall, Associate Justice 1811-1835 Roger Brooke Taney, Chief Justice 1836-1864

~~Miscellaneous Information~~

Legal Holidays 483 Names and Origins of Counties 484 Court Terms 486 Incorporated Towns 488 Area 492 Population—Census of 1950 493 Standard Maryland Colleges 505 Newspapers of General Circulation 506 Radio and Television Stations 509

~~MARYLAND MANUAL 483~~

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION LEGAL HOLIDAYS 1. Fixed January 1 New Year’s Day February 12 .. Lincoln’s Birthday February 22 Washington’s Birthday March 25 .... Maryland Day May 30 Decoration Day July 4 Independence Day September 12 Defended^) Day October 12 .... Columbus Day November 11 Veterans’ Day December 25 Christmas Day Should any of the dates listed above fall on a Sunday, the holiday is observed on the following Monday.

2. Movable The Friday before Easter Sunday Good Friday The first Monday in September Labor Day The fourth Thursday in November Thanksgiving Day All days of General and Congressional Elections. All special days that may be appointed or recommended by the Governor of Maryland or the President of the United States (Code 1951, Art. 13, secs' 9> n)- 'll JLa (Utr** ' Cj ^ r ’ 3. Saturdays "<*3^ ^ It shall be lawful for any banking institution to remain closed on any one #dLjuZir+< or more or all Saturdays, a^s^fc-may-by-resolution of Jits,.board of-directors Q determine. Any Saturday on which such bank may remain closed shall constitute a legal holiday. This provision shall not apply in the oounties oi Queen Anne’s-'and-Somerset, (Code 195^supp., Art. 13, sec. 10). It is lawful for banks in Maryland to close their doors at twelve o’clock noon on every Saturday of the year. After twelve o’clock noon, Saturday is a legal holiday. This does not apply in Howard and Talbot counties (Code 19ii3 supp., Art. 13, sec. 12). 1 Special Observances The General Assembly has authorized the Governor to proclaim special “Days” as follows: Republic of Lithuania Day (Res. No. 8, 1935) February 16 Arbor Day (Res. No. 7, 1894) One day in April Constitution Day (Res. No. 8, 1951) September 17 General Pulaski Memorial Day (Res. No. 5, 1931) October 11 Poetry Day (Ch. 19, 1951) October 15 Republic of Czechoslovakia Day (Res. No. 3, 1935) October 28

~~Frederick County Only Repudiation Day: After twelve o’clock noon, November 23 is a legal bank half-holiday (Ch. 510, Acts 1894). 484 MARYLAND MANUAL~~

NAMES AND ORIGINS OP COUNTIES ALLEGANY The name is from the Indian word Oolikhanna meaning “Beautiful Stream.” It was erected by an Act of Assembly, Chapter 29, Acts of 1789. The County seat is Cumberland. ANNE ARUNDEL This county was named for the Lady Anne Arundel, wife of Cecilius, Second Lord Baltimore and founder of the Colony. It owes its origin to an Act of Assembly, Chapter 8, Acts of 1650a The County seat is Annapo- lis, which is also the Capital of the State. \ — £ / r i t • J ,

BALTIMORE CITY The existence of Baltimore City as a distinct governmental unit was provided for by the Constitutional Convention of 1850 when it was separated from Baltimore County. The name is that of the Proprietary’s Irish Barony. BALTIMORE The name of this County, like that of Baltimore City, derives from the name of the Proprietary’s Irish Barony. Its legal origin is not known, but it was surely in existence by January 12, 1659/60 when a writ was issued to the sheriff of the County. The County seat is Towson.

CALVERT This County takes its name from the family name of the proprietary. It was established by an Order in Council of 1654 and it was called Patuxent County until 1658. The County seat is Prince Frederick.

CAROLINE The sister of the last Lord Baltimore, Lady Caroline Ga&ert, gave her name to this County. It owes its existence to Chapter \offi^of the AActs of Assembly of 1773. The County seat is Denton.

CARROLL This County was named for the distinguished Revolutionary statesman, Charles Carroll of Carrollton. It was erected by Chapter 256, Acts of 1835 and confirmed by Chapter 19 of the Acts of 1836. The County seat is Westminster. CECIL Named for Cecilius, Second Lord Baltimore and founder of the Colony. This County was erected in 1674 by Proclamation of the Governor. The County seat is Elkton. CHARLES Named for Charles Calvert, son and heir of Cecilius, Second Lord Balti- more. It owes its origin to an Order in Council of 1658. It is not to be confused with an earlier Charles County, known as Old Charles County. The County seat is La Plata. W* DORCHESTER Named for*Earl of Dorset, a family friend of the Calverts. The exact date and the legal origin of the County are unknown, but it was certainly in existence by February 16, 1668/69 when a writ was issued to the sheriff of the county. The County seat is Cambridge. MARYLAND MANUAL 485

FREDERICK This county was named for Frederick Calvert who became sixth and last Lord Baltimore, or Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales, or Frederick the Great. It was created by Chapter 15, Acts of 1748. The County seat is Frederick. GARRETT Named for John W. Garrett, industrialist and financier. It was created by Chapter 212 of the Acts of 1872. The County seat is Oakland.

HARFORD Named for Henry Harford, last Proprietary. He was a son of Frederick, sixth Lord Baltimore, but because of his illegitimate birth did not inherit the title. It was erected by Chapter H\of the Acts of 1773. The County seat is Bel Air. ^ HOWARD Named for John Eager Howard, soldier and statesman. The county was created in 1851 by Article VIII, Section 1 of the Constitution of that year. However, the area which later became Howard County was set up as Howard District of Anne Arundel County by Chapter 22 of the Acts of 1838; confirmed by Chapter 50, Acts of 1839 and thereafter, until 1851, enjoyed the status of a county except that it was not represented in the General Assembly. The County seat is Ellieott City.

KENT This county derives its name from the English county of the same name. It was first referred to as a county in 1642, but it could have acquired this status as early as 1640 when mention is made of a sheriff for the Isle of Kent. The County seat is Chestertown.

MONTGOMERY Named for the Revolutionary General, Richard Montgomery. The county was created by the Constitutional Convention of 1776. The County seat is Rockville. PRINCE GEORGE’S Named for Prince George of Denmark, husband of Queen Anne. This County was erected by Chapter 13, Acts of 1695/ The County seat is Upper Marlboro. I « / ^, (Me*,y >/■ QUEEN ANNE’S This county is named for Queen Anne. It was erected by Chapter 3 of the Acts of 1706. The County seat is Centreville.

ST. MARY^— Named in honor of the Virgin Mary.y. tf^Tie* Jfhe Ark and the Dove landed on Annunciation Day (March 25). This was the first county erected in Maryland, having been created in 1637 by an order of the Governor. The County seat is Leonardtown. . ^ - A»v' SOMER! Named after Mary Somerset, sisteijjof Cecilius. Second Lord Baltimore. It was created by an Order in Council of 1666. The County seat is Princess Anne. 486 MARYLAND MANUAL

TALBOT Named after Grace Talbot, sister of Cecilius, Second Lord Baltimore. The form of the creation of this county is not known, but it was probably by virtue of an order of the Governor in Council. It was certainly in existence by February 18, 1661/62 when a writ was issued to the sheriff. The County seat is Easton. WASHINGTON Named for George Washington. The county owes its creation to the Constitutional Convention of 1776. The County seat is Hagerstown.

WICOMICO Named after the river of that name, from the Indian words for house (wicko) and building (mekee), apparently referring to an Indian town on the banks of the river. Provision for the creation of this county was made by the Constitution of 1867 (Article XIII, Sections 2-6). The County seat is Salisbury. WORCESTER Named after the Earl of Worcester. Created by Chapter 14 of the Acts of 1742. The County seat is Snow Hill.

COURT TERMS ALLEGANY— Circuit Court—Jury, first Monday in January, April and October; non-jury, first Monday in July. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday and Friday. ANNE ARUNDEL— Circuit Court—Jury, third Monday in April and October; non-jury third Monday in January and July. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday and two Thursdays if necessary. BALTIMORE CITY— Terms of all Courts fixed by the Supreme Bench; present terms, second Monday in January, May, and September. BALTIMORE— Circuit Court—Jury, second Monday in January, April and September. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thurs- day, Friday and Saturday. CALVERT— Circuit Court—Jury, first Monday in May and second Monday in November; non-jury, first Monday in February, second Monday in July. Orphans’ Court Days—Second and fourth Tuesday of every month. CAROLINE— Circuit Court—Jury, first Monday in April and October; non-jury, second Monday in January and fourth Monday in June. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. MARYLAND MANUAL 487

CARROLL— Circuit Court—Jury, second Monday in February, May, and Novem- ber; non-jury, second Monday in August. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Monday and Tuesday. CECIL— Circuit Court—Jury, first Monday in March, third Monday in Septem- ber, and second Monday in December; non-jury, third Monday in June. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Wednesday. CHARLES— Circuit Court—Jury, third Monday in May and November; non-jury, third Monday in February and July. Orphans’ Court Days—First and third Tuesday in every month. DORCHESTER— Circuit Court—Fourth Monday in April and October. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. FREDERICK— Circuit Court—Jury, third Monday in February and September, and second Monday in December; non-jury, second Monday in May. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. GARRETT— Circuit Court—Jury, second Monday in March and September; non- jury, first Monday in June and December. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. HARFORD— Circuit Court—Jury, first Monday in May and November (optional with Court). Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. HOWARD— Circuit Court—Jury, third Monday in March and September; non- jury, third Monday in June and December. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. KENT— Circuit Court—Jury, third Monday in April and October; non-jury, third Monday in January, second Monday in July. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. MONTGOMERY— Circuit Court—Jury, third Monday in March, second Monday in November; non-jury, third Monday in January, first Monday in June. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday. PRINCE GEORGE’S— Circuit Court—Jury, first Monday in April and October; non-jury, third Monday in January and June. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. 488 MARYLAND MANUAL QUEEN ANNE’S— Circuit Court—Jury, first Monday in May and November; non-jury, fourth Monday in January and third Monday in July. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. ST. MARY’S— Circuit Court—Jury, third Monday in March and September; non- jury, first Monday in June and December. Orphans’ Court Days—Second and fourth Tuesdays in every month. SOMERSET— Circuit Court—Jury, second Monday in April and fourth Monday in September. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. TALBOT— Circuit Court—Jury, third Monday in May and November; non-jury, first Monday in February and fourth Monday in July. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. WASHINGTON— Circuit Court—Jury, second Monday in February, May, and Novem- ber; non-jury, first Monday in August. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday and Friday. WICOMICO— Circuit Court—Second Monday in March and September. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday. WORCESTER— Circuit Court—Jury, fourth Monday in March and second Monday in October; non-jury, third Monday in January and July. Orphans’ Court Days—Every Tuesday.

~~■o-~~

INCORPORATED TOWNS The title of the executive officer is Mayor excepting those towns marked with an asterisk (*) where the title is President of the Town Com- mission and in such other towns as noted in the list below. The term of the Mayor and the date of election is a part of each town’s charter, there being no uniformity regarding this in Maryland. However, the Municipal Corporation’s Charter Act of 1955, provides that the Mayor shall be elected in May of every second odd number year. The list below was compiled from information furnished by the Maryland Municipal League. ALLEGANY City or Town Original Incorporation Executive Officer Term Expires Barton 1900 Arthur P. Holla June 1955 Cumberland 1815 Ray W. Eves June 1956 Frostburg 1839 Jesse F. Jacobs May 1956 Lonaconing 1880 Virgil Alexander May 1957 Luke 1922 Charles S. Dayton October 1956 Midland 1900 Verl A. Ash June 1955 Westemport 1858 Okey Michael June 1956 MARYLAND MANUAL 489

ANNE ARUNDEL City or Town Original Incorporation Executive Officer Term Expires Annapolis 1708 Arthur G. Ellington May 1957 Highland Beach 1922 William A. Wells August 1955 BALTIMORE CITY 1797 Thomas D’Alesandro, Jr May 1959 BALTIMORE No Incorporated Towns CALVERT Chesapeake Beach* ....1886.. ..Wesley Stinnett.. ..Nov. 1956 North Beach 1924.. Robert S. Mead ..Nov. 1954 Solomons 1892.. ..Inactive CAROLINE Bridgetown 1839 Inactive Denton* 1802 George W. Beck July 1955 Federalsburg 1823 John Stowell, Jr May 1957 Goldsboro* 1906 Noble J. Dhue May 1953 Greensboro 1870 Russell H. Wright April 1958 Henderson 1949 J. Norman Stubbs April 1956 Hillsboro* 1822 Oliver N. Todd April 1956 Marydel* 1929 Harold K. Shults May 1957 Preston* 1892 Clyde W. Elzey June 1958 Ridgely* 1896 D. Thompson Swing May 1956 Templeville See under Queen Anne’s County CARROLL Hampstead 1888 William L. Wheeler May 1956 Manchester 1833 Ross J. Blocher April 1957 Mount Airy 1894 Norman E. Etzler June 1956 New Windsor 1843 R. B. Greer June 1956 Sykesville 1904 R. Earle Carter May 1957 Taneytown 1836 Raymond Perry June 1956 Union Bridge 1872 Edward L. Williar April 1956 Westminster 1819 Joseph L. Mathias, Sr May 1956 CECIL Cecilton* 1864 Thomas Davis May 1956 Charlestown 1786 Alvan G. MacGuinness Jan. 1956 Chesapeake City* 1849 Z. T. Cooling June 1956 Elkton* 1787 H. H. Mitchell June 1957 North East* 1849 Charles R. Gibson March 1957 Perryville* 1882 Willis B. Gorrell June 1955 Port Deposit 1824 Hubert Ryan Feb. 1956 Rising Sun 1860 R. C. Dodson June 1957 CHARLES Indian Head* 1920 Clarence E. McWilliams May 1956 La Plata* 1888 L. G. Heller May 1956 DORCHESTER Brookview* 1953 Cambridge 1793 Russell P. Smith, Jr July 1956 Church Creek 1867 Howard F. Jones May 1957 490 MARYLAND MANUAL City or Town Original Incorporation Executive Officer Term Expires East New Market 1832 Lawrence Adshend May 1954 Eldorado 1947 Galestown* 1951 Hurlock 1892 Ralph C. Milligan May 1956 Secretary 1900 Paul Birch May 1954 Vienna 1833 Walton R. Phillips June 1956 FREDERICK 1 Brunswick 1890 James E. Cummings .Sept. 1956 Burkittsville 1894 Garland Guyton June 1956 Emmitsburg 1824 Thornton Rodgers .May 1956 Frederick 1786 John A. Derr July 1958 Middletown1 1833 Floyd E. Stine April 1956 Mt. Airy See Under Carroll County Myersville 1904 Grayson Doub .May 1956 New Market 1878 Point of Rocks 1847 Inactive Rosemont1 1953 Thurmont* 1831 C. Ray Weddle .May 1956 Walkersville1 1892 Gilmore C. Trout May 1956 Woodsboro 1836 Lawrence A. Dorsey June 1952 GARRETT Accident 1916 Ernest Glass .March 1957 Deer Park 1884 W. Earl George .May 1956 Friendsville 1902 .Feb. 1956 Grantsville 1864 Lee Beachy April 1956 Kitzmillersville 1906 Earl S. Shank Feb. 1956 Loch Lynn Heights 1896 Edward R. O’Donnell March 1957 Mountain Lake Park ..1888 H. M. Weeks July 1955 Oakland 1861 Joseph Hinebaugh .March 1956 HARFORD Aberdeen* 1892 R. Lee Mitchell May 1956 Bel Air* 1874 John N. Wilkinson, Jr. ... May 1956 Havre de Grace 1785 Walter McLhinney May 1957 HOWARD No incorporated towns KENT Betterton* 1906 Floyd Smith June 1956 Chestertown 1806 Philip G. Wilmer Dec. 1955 Galena* 1904 James E. Ryan May 1957 Millington 1824 A. Warren Porter March 1956 Rock Hall 1908 John E. Boulter, Jr. June 1956 MONTGOMERY Barnesville* 1888 Mark P. Jeffers May 1956 Brookville* 1890 C. Willard Harvey May 1956 Chevy Chase2 1910 Arthur G. Lambert April 1957 Gaithersburg 1878 Merton F. Duvall June 1956 Garrett Park 1898 Samuel T. Powell May 1956 Glen Echo 1904 Wilbur S. Hertstein May 1956 Kensington 1894 Lewis Merriam June 1956 Laytonsville* 1892 Lewis Kibbee May 1956 Poolesyille* 1867 Stanley L. Umstead Nov. 1956 Rockville 1860 Dickran Hovsepian May 1956 1 Burgess 2 Chairman Board of Managers. MARYLAND MANUAL 491

City or Town Original Incorporation Executive Officer Term Expires Somerset 1906 William F. Betts May 1956 Takoma Park 1890 George M. Miller March 1956 Washington Grove 1937 Irving L. McCathran July 1955 PRINCE GEORGE’S Berwyn Heights* .1896 Robert F. Burnette May 1956 Bladensburg .1854 Leonard G. Simpson May 1959 Bowie* .1874 Chester Kreitzer June 1956 Brentwood .1922 William N. Mahaffey June 1955 Capitol Heights.. .1910 Elmer L. Hockman May 1956 Carrollton* ..1953 Albert D. Turner Cheverly.. .1931 Lawrence A. Yates May 1957 College Park 1947 Charles R. Davis May 1957 Colmar Manor 1927 John N. Torvestad July 1957 Cottage City* 1924 Vincent A. Simmel May 1957 District Heights 1936 L. T. Gates May 1957 Eagle Harbor* 1929 Thomas S. Delaney August 1955 Edmonston 1924 George W. Page May 1957 Fairmount Heights 1929 James A. Campbell June 1957 Forest Heights 1949 Clifford R. Armhold May 1957 Glenarden 1939 James R. Cousins, Jr May 1957 Greenbelt 1937 James N. Wolfe Sept. 1955 Hyattsville 1856 George J. O’Hare May 1957 Handover Hills 1945 Stanley W. Swipp May 1959 Laurel 1870 Harry Hardingham, Jr April 1956 Morningside 1949 William J. Lowery May 1956 Mt. Rainier 1910 Frederick J. Richardson May 1957 North Brentwood 1924 William D. Bellows May 1957 Piscataway 1843 Inactive Riverdale 1920 Claude Warren May 1957 Seat Pleasant 1931 Ben H. Watkins May 1956 Takoma Park See under Montgomery County University Park 1936 James F. Fox June 1956 Upper Marlboro 1870 Roland R. Ryon Jan. 1957 QUEEN ANNE’S Barclay 1831 Clyde H. Cecil June 1955 Centreville* 1794 Royden N. Powell, Sr April 1956 Church Hill* 1817 Emile Moore June 1955 Queen Anne* 1953 Queenstown* 1892 J. Charles Bishop July 1955 Sudlersville* 1870 Joseph M. George April 1956 Templeville* 1865 William H. Knotts June 1955 ST. MARY’S Leonardtown*.. .1858 T. Webster Bell ..May 1957 SOMERSET Crisfield 1872 Allen L. Hardester June 1956 Princess Anne* 1867 Gale W. Testerman June 1956 TALBOT Easton .1790 Calvin G. Lomax May 1958 Oxford .1706 William P. Anderson June 1957 Queen Anne.. See under Queen Anne’s County St. Michaels.. 1804 Melvin Lebowitz April 1958 Trappe 1856 Douglas M. Sullivan June 1956 492 MARYLAND MANUAL

WASHINGTON City or Town Incorporation Executive Officer Address Original Boonsboro 1831 John B. Wheeler May 1956 Clearspring1 1836 Charles W. Clopper Dec. 1955 Funkstown 1840 Guy R. Hebb May 1956 Hagerstown 1791 Winslow F. Burhans May 1957 Hancock 1853 Lemual Kirk Jan. 1956 Keedysville 1872 Charles K. Taylor May 1956 Sharpsburg 1832 Elmer C. Koontz October 1956 Smithsburg 1841 Hoy D. Newman April 1956 Williamsport 1823 Maurice D. Miller March 1957 WICOMICO Delmar* 1888 Marion B. Sherwood April 1957 Fruitland* 1947 Wilson Abbott October 1957 Hebron* 1931 J. Gordy Beach Sept. 1955 Mardella Springs* 1906 Louis Wright August 1955 Pittsville* 1945 J. Allie Hamblin June 1955 Salisbury 1811 Rollie W. Hastings May 1958 Sharptown* 1874 L. Fulton Lowe Dec. 1956 Willards* 1906 Valentia D. Truitt May 1953 WORCESTER Berlin 1868 A. P. Christopher May 1956 Ocean City 1880 Daniel Trimper, Jr August 1956 Pocomoke City 1865 Daniel W. Shaw, Jr April 1956 Snow Hill 1812 B. Herman Adkins May 1956 Burgess AREA ^ The following figures are from Areas of the United States 1950, Seventeenth Census of the United States: 1950. Areas are given in square miles. County Total Land Water Allegany 428 426 2 Anne Arundel 458 417 41 Baltimore City 86 79 7 Baltimore 638 610 28 Calvert 244 219 25 Caroline 325 320 5 Carroll 456 456 Cecil 386 352 34 Charles 502 458 44 Dorchester 688 580 108 Frederick 670 664 6 Garrett 668 662 6 Harford 475 448 27 Howard 251 251 Kent 308 284 24 Montgomery 506 494 12 Prince George’s 496 485 11 Queen Anne’s 408 373 35 St. Mary’s 420 367 53 Somerset 378 332 46 Talbot 331 279 52 Washington 471 462 9 Wicomico 395 380 15 Worcester 589 483 106 10,577 9,881 696 MARYLAND MANUAL 493

POPULATION-CENSUS OF 1950 POPULATION OF MARYLAND: APRIL 1, 1950 The total population of Maryland on April 1, 1950, was 2,343,001, according to final figures for the State released by the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce. During the previous 10 years, the population of the State increased 521,757, or 28.6 percent, over the 1,821,244 inhabitants enumerated in 1940. Among the States, Maryland ranked twenty-fourth in population. The 1950 population was more than seven times as large as its population in 1790 when it was enumerated in the first Federal census. According to the new urban definition, Maryland had 1,615,902 persons living in urban territory and 727,099 in rural territory. The urban population accounted for 69.0 percent of the total population of the State. There are 23 counties and 1 independent city—Baltimore—in Maryland. Between 1940 and 1950, 20 of the counties and Baltimore city increased in population. The rates of change for the counties ranged from a decline of 3.3 percent for Garrett County to an increase of 117.0 percent for Prince George’s County. The largest numerical increase was experienced in Baltimore County, which had a gain of 114,448. Nearly three-fourths of the increase in the population of the State was accounted for by Baltimore, Prince George’s, and Montgomery Counties and Baltimore City. The counties in Maryland ranged in size from Calvert with a population of 12,100 to Baltimore with a population of 270,273. In 1950 there were 149 places incorporated as cities, towns, and villages in Maryland and 15 unincorporated places of 1,000 inhabitants or more. There were 1,310,869 persons living in the incorporated places, 95,611 of whom were in the 118 places of fewer than 2,500 inhabitants. Of the 28,762 inhabitants of the unincorporated places, 20,804 were in the 13 places of 1,000 to 2,500 inhabitants. The incorporated places ranged in size from Highland Beach town with a population of 5 to Baltimore city with a population of 949,708. Under the urban definition established for use in the 1950 Census, urban territory has been defined to comprise (a) places of 2,500 inhabitants or more incorporated as cities, boroughs, towns,1 and villages; (b) the densely settled urban fringe, including both incorporated and unincorporated areas, around cities of 50,000 or more; and (c) unincorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more outside any urban fringe. All other territory is classified as rural. According to the definition used in previous censuses, urban territory was designated as all incorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more and areas (usually minor civil divisions) classified as urban under special rules relating to population size and density. In both definitions, the most important component of the urban territory is the group of incorporated places having 2,500 inhabitants or more. A definition of urban territory restricted to such places, however, would exclude a number of equally large and densely settled places, merely because they were not incorporated places. Under the old definition, an effort was 494 MARYLAND MANUAL

made to avoid some of the more obvious omissions by the inclusion of the places urban under special rules. Even with these rules, however, many large and closely built-up places were excluded from the urban territory. To improve the situation in the 1950 Census, the Bureau of the Census set up, in advance of enumeration, boundaries for urban-fringe areas around cities of 50,000 or more and for unincorporated places outside urban fringes. All the population residing in urban-fringe areas and in unincorporated places of 2,500 or more is classified as urban according to the new definition. (Of course, the incorporated places of 2,500 or more are urban in their own right.) Consequently, the special rules of the old definition are no longer necessary. According to the new urban definition, the 1950 urban population of Maryland consisted of the following components: (1) The 1,215,258 inhabitants of the 31 incorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more; (2) the 7,958 inhabitants of the 2 specially delineated unincorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more; and (3) the 392,686 persons living in other territory in the urban fringe of Baltimore and the Maryland part of the urban fringe of Washington, D. C. Under the old definition, there were two places urban under special rule in Maryland. These places, district 12 and district 13 in Baltimore County, had a total population of 59,360. The urban population under the old definition, therefore, consisted of the population of the 31 incorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more and the 59,360 inhabitants of district 12 and district 13, a total of 1,274,618. Under the new definition, 56,469 inhabitants of the two places urban under special rule were included in the urban population because they were living in the urban fringe of Baltimore. The remaining 2,891 inhabitants of these places were classified as rural. The net gain in the urban population of the State resulting from the change in definition, therefore, was 341,284. 1 Except in New England, New York, and Wisconsin, where “towns” are minor civil divisions of counties and are not necessarily densely settled centers like the towns in other States. MARYLAND MANUAL 495 TABLE 1.—POPULATION OF MARYLAND, URBAN AND RURAL: 1790 TO 1950 (For description of new and old urban definitions, see text)

~~Population Date Percent urban Total Urban Rural~~

New urban definition, 1950 (Apr. 1) 2,343,001 1,615,902 727,099 69.0 Old urban definition: 1950 (Apr. 1) ,343,001 1,274,618 1,068,383 54.4 1940 (Apr. 1) ,821,244 1,080,351 740,893 59.3 1930 (Apr. 1) ,631,526 974,869 656,657 59.8 1920 (Jan. 1) ,449,661 869,422 580,239 60.0 1910 (Apr. 15) 295,346 658,192 637,154 50.8 1900 (June 1) 188,044 591,206 596,838 49.8 1890 (June 1) 042,390 495,702 546,688 47.6 1880 (June 1) 934,943 375,843 559,100 40.2 1870 (June 1) 780,894 295,459 485,435 37.8 1860 (June 1) 687,049 233,300 453,749 34.0 1850 (June 1) 583,034 188,045 394,989 32.3 1840 (June 1) 470,019 113,912 356,107 24.2 1830 (June 1) 447,040 91,041 355,999 20.4 1820 (Aug. 7) 407,350 66,378 340,972 16.3 1810 (Aug. 6) 380,546 46,555 333,991 12.2 1800 (Aug. 4) 341,548 26,514 315,034 7.8 1790 (Aug. 2) 319,728 13,503 306,225 4.2 496 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~TABLE 2.—POPULATION OF MARYLAND, BY COUNTIES: 1950 AND 1940 (Minus sign (—) denotes decrease)~~

Population Percent increase County 1940 to 1950 1940 1950 The State 2,343,001 1,821,244 26.6 Allegany 89,556 86,973 3.0 Anne Arundel . 117,392 68,375 71.7 Baltimore 270,273 155,825 73.4 Baltimore city.. 949,708 859,100 10.5 Calvert 12,100 10,484 15.4 Caroline 18,234 17,549 3.9 Carroll 44,907 39,054 15.0 Cecil 33,356 26,407 26.3 Charles 23,415 17,612 32.9 Dorchester 27,815 28,006 -0.7 Frederick 62,287 57,312 8.7 Garrett 21,259 21,981 -3.3 Harford 51,782 35,060 47.7 Howard 23,119 17,175 34.6 Kent 13,677 13,465 1.6 Montgomery 164,401 83,912 95.9 Prince George’s. 194,182 89,490 117.0 Queen Anne’s ... 14,579 14,476 0.7 St. Mary’s 29,111 14,626 99.0 Somerset 20,745 20,965 -1.0 Talbot 19,428 18,784 3.4 Washington 78,886 68,838 14.6 Wicomico 39,641 34,530 14.8 Worcester 23,148 21,245 9.0 MARYLAND MANUAL 497 TABLE 3.—POPULATION OF ALL INCORPORATED PLACES AND OF UNINCORPOATED PLACES OF 1,000 OR MORE: 1950 AND 1940 (“Uninc.” designates an unincorporated place. Figures for 1940 are not available for unincorporated places or places incorporated since April 1, 1940. Specific unincorporated places in urban-fringe areas have not been separately identified and therefore are not listed in this table.)

~~Population Place County 1950 1940~~

Aberdeen.. Harford 2,944 1,525 Accident... Garrett 242 236 Annapolis.. Anne Arundel 110,047 29,542 Baltimore . 949,708 859,100 Barclay Queen Anne’s.. 108 119 Barnesville Montgomery 130 121 Barton Allegany 695 781 Bel Air Harford 2,578 1,885 Berlin Worcester 2,001 1,435 Berwyn Heights. Prince George’s 674 453 Betterton Kent 314 221 Bladensburg Prince George’s . 2,899 1,220 Boonsboro Washington 1,071 938 Bowie Prince George’s 860 767 Brentwood... Prince George’s 3.523 2,433 Bridgetown ... Caroline 16 25 Brookeville Montgomery . 117 262 Brunswick Frederick 3,752 3,856 Burkittsville . Frederick 190 177 Cambridge Dorchester .... 10,351 10,102 Capitol Heights Prince George’s.. 2,729 2,036 Carney (unincorporated). Baltimore 1.523 Cecilton Cecil 510 498 Centreville Queen Anne’s 1,804 1,141 Charlestown Cecil 551 307 Chesapeake Beach . Calvert 504 326 Chesapeake City ... Cecil 1,154 1,094 Chestertown Kent 3,143 2,760 Cheverly Prince George’s.. 3,318 996 Chevy Chase Montgomery 1,971 Church Creek... Dorchester 187 Church Hill Queen Anne’s 271 316 Clear Spring Washington 558 500 College Park Prince George’s 11,170 Colmar Manor Prince George’s 1,732 1,480 Cottage City.. Prince George’s 1,249 1,044 Crisfield Somerset 3,688 3,908 Cumberland . Allegany 37,679 39,483 Deer Park Garrett 320 329 Delmar3 Wicomico 1,328 1,184 Denton Caroline 1,806 1,572 District Heights.. Prince George’s 1,735 392 Eagle Harbor Prince George’s.. 7 2 1 Excludes population of U. S. Naval Academy and area annexed January 1, 1951. 2 Revised to exclude population (3,257) of U. S. Naval Academy. 8 Population of Delmar town, Sussex County, Del., 1,015 in 1950; 881 in 1940. 498 MARYLAND MANUAL TABLE 3.—POPULATION OF ALL INCORPORATED PLACES AND OF UNINCORPORATED PLACES OF 1,000 OR MORE: 1950 AND 1940—Continued

~~Population Place County 1950 1940~~

East New Market Dorchester 264 267 Easton Talbot 4,836 4,528 Eastport (unincorporated) Anne Arundel .. 4,594 Edmonston Prince George’s 1,190 934 Eldorado Dorchester 79 Elkton Cecil 5,245 3,518 Ellicott City-Oella /Baltimore (unincorporated). /Howard 3,364 Emmitsburg Frederick 1,261 1,412 Fairmount Heights Prince George’s. 2,097 1,391 Federalsburg Caroline 1,878 1,748 Forest Heights Prince George’s. 1,125 Frederick Frederick 18,142 15,802 Friendsville Garrett 607 569 Frostburg Allegany 6,876 7,659 Fruitland Wicomico 1,028 Funkstown Washington ... 879 798 Gaithersburg Montgomery . 1,755 1,021 Galena Kent 259 250 Garrett Park Montgomery . 524 406 Germantown-Homewood Cedar Park (uninc.) Anne Arundel 2,290 Glenarden . Prince George’s. 492 Glen Echo. Montgomery .... 356 395 Goldsboro Caroline 198 197 Grantsville. Garrett 461 465 Greenbelt . Prince George’s. 7,074 2,831 Greensboro Caroline 1,181 737 Hagerstown Washington 36,260 32,491 Halfway (unincorporated) Washington 2,153 Hampstead Carroll 677 664 Hancock Washington 963 940 Havre de Grace Harford 7,809 4,967 Hebron Wicomico 723 804 Henderson Caroline 106 Highland Beach Anne Arundel 5 9 Hillsboro Caroline 179 181 Hurlock Dorchester 944 800 Hyattsville . Prince George’s 12,308 6,575 Indian Head Charles 491 1,104 Keedysville . Washington 417 404 Kensington .. Montgomery .... 1,611 931 MARYLAND MANUAL 499

~~TABLE 3.—POPULATION OF ALL INCORPORATED PLACES AND OF UNINCORPORATED PLACES OF 1,000 OR MORE: 1950 and 1940—Continued~~

~~Population Places County 1950 1940~~

Kitzmillersville Garrett 652 870 Landover Hills Prince George’s.. 1,661 La Plata Charles 780 "488 Laurel Prince George’s.. 4,482 2,823 Laytonsville Montgomery 132 127 Lees Wharf-Woodland Beach (unincorporated) Anne Arundel 1,169 Leonardtown St. Mary’s 1,017 668 Loch Lynn Heights Garrett 415 339 Lonaconing Allegany 2,289 2,429 Luke Allegany 820 988 Manchester Carroll 1,027 763 Mardela Springs Wicomico. 428 418 Marydel Caroline 110 78 Middletown Frederick . 936 839 Midland Allegany... 889 935 Millington /Kent \ Queen Anne’s 356 307 Morningside Prince George’s.. 1,520 Mountain Lake Park Garrett 891 "551 Mount Airy (Carroll /Frederick 1,061 791 Mount Rainier Prince George’s.. 10,989 4,830 Mount Savage (uninc.).... Allegany.. 2,094 Myersville Frederick . 250 310 New Market Frederick . 301 360 New Windsor Carroll 707 529 North Beach Calvert 314 246 North Brentwood Prince George’s.. 833 822 North East1 Cecil 1,517 1,328 Oakland Garrett 1,640 1,587 Ocean City Worcester 1,234 1,052 Odenton (unincorporated) Anne Arundel ... 1,059 Orchard Beach (uninc.).... Anne Arundel ... 1,203 Oxford Talbot 757 826 Parole (unincorporated) .. Anne Arundel . 1,032 Perryville Cecil 679 "729 Piscataway Prince George’s. 77 78 Pittsville Wicomico 497 Pocomoke City Worcester 3,191 2,739 Points of Rocks Frederick 361 370 Poolesville Montgomery 161 204 Port Deposit Cecil 1,139 883 500 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~TABLE 3.—POPULATION OF ALL INCORPORATED PLACES AND OF UNINCORPORATED PLACES OF 1,000 OR MORE: 1950 AND 1940—Continued~~

~~Population Place County 1950 1940~~

Preston Caroline 353 369 Princess Anne Somerset 1,407 942 Queenstown Queen Anne’s 316 275 Reisterstown-Glyndon (unincorporated) Baltimore 2,077 Ridgely Caroline 834 920 Rising Sun Cecil 668 529 Riverdale Prince George’s 5,530 2,330 Riviera Beach (uninc.) .... Anne Arundel .. 1,849 Rock Hall Kent 786 781 Rockville Montgomery .... 6,934 2,047 St. Michaels Talbot 1,470 1,309 Salisbury Wicomico 15,141 13,313 Savage (unincorporated) .. Howard 1,238 Seat Pleasant Prince George’s 2,255 1,533 Secretary Dorchester 344 344 Severna Park-Round Bay (unincorporated) Anne Arundel 1,095 Sharpsburg Washington ... 866 834 Sharptown Wicomico 680 653 Smithsburg Washington... 641 619 Snow Hill Worcester 2,091 1,926 Solomons Calvert 270 266 Somerset Montgomery .... 430 399 Sudlersville ... Queen Anne’s. .. 347 292 Sykesville Carroll 941 806 Takoma Park (Montgomery .... \Prince George’s. 13,341 8,938 Taneytown ... Carroll 1,420 1,208 Templeville (Caroline I \Queen Anne’s. / 82 The Narrows-Narrows Park (unincorporated).. Allegany 2,022 Thurmont Frederick 1,676 1,307 Trappe Talbot 325 296 Union Bridge .... Carroll 840 831 University Park. Prince George’s 2,205 878 Upper Marlboro Prince George’s 702 565 Vienna Dorchester 414 385 Walkersville Frederick 761 731 Washington Grove Montgomery 400 160 Westernport Allegany 3,431 3,565 Westminster Carroll 6,140 4,692 Willards Wicomico 464 285 Williamsport Washington.. 1,890 1,772 Woodsboro Frederick 427 416

~~1 North East returned in 1940 as Northeast. MARYLAND MANUAL 501~~

TABLE 4.—POPULATION OF COUNTIES BY MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS: 1950 (The “districts” shown in the table are election districts. 1950 figures are not necessarily comparable with figures for 1940 or earlier dates shown in 1940 Census Reports because of boundary changes in some areas).

~~Popu- Popu- County and lation, County and lation, minor civil division 1950 minor civil division 1950~~

Allegany County 89,556 Dist. 1, Orleans 635 District 5 . 24,962 Dist. 2, Oldtown 933 District 6 . 10,047 Dist. 3, Flintstone .... 1,528 District 7 . 2,733 Dist. 4, Cumberland District 8 . 2,505 Canal 14,602 Dist. 5, Wills Creek .. 8,368 Baltimore County 280,273 Dist. 6, Cumberland River 8,756 District 1 . 29,661 Dist. 7, Rawlings 3,627 District 2 . 10,467 Dist. 8, Westernport . 5,439 District 3 . 11,072 Dist. 9, Barton 1,492 District 4 . 9,453 Dist. 10, Lonaconing 1,709 District 5 . 2,106 Dist. 11, Frostburg 1,028 District 6 ... 1,567 Dist. 12, Frostburg 2,372 District 7 ... 3,413 Dist. 13, Mount Savage.. 3,138 District 8 ... 8,708 District 14 1,726 District 9 ... 40,856 Dist. 15, Lonaconing 2,227 District 10 . 2,588 Dist. 16, North Branch .. 2,265 Dist. 17, Vale Summit.... 418 District 11 . 10,450 Dist. 18, Ocean 1,842 District 12 . 40,155 Dist. 19, Borden Shaft. .. 900 District 13 . 19,205 Dist. 20, Ellerslie 1,813 District 14 . 16,394 District 15 . 64,178 Dist. 21, Gross 1,240 Dist. 22, Union Street.... 4,746 Dist. 23, Decatur Street 4,421 Baltimore City.. 949,708 Dist. 24, Eckhart 1,816 Dist. 25, Pekin 735 Calvert County 12,100 Dist. 26, Frostburg.. 2,305 Dist. 1, Solomons Island 4,123 Dist. 27, Gilmore .. 673 Dist. 2, Prince Frederick 3,657 Dist. 28, Frostburg.. 1,770 Dist. 3, Lower Marlboro 4,320 Dist. 29, La Vale .... 4,257 Dist. 30, Zihlman ... 825 Caroline County 18,234 Dist. 31, McCoole 1,090 Dist. 32, East Frostburg 595 Dist. 1, Henderson 1,627 Dist. 33, Kiefer 265 Dist. 2, Greensboro 2,637 Dist. 3, Denton 3,563 Dist. 4, Preston 2,201 Anne Arundel County 117,392 Dist. 5, Federalsburg 3,520 District 1 . 6,046 Dist. 6, Hillsboro . 1,447 District 2 . 24,212 Dist. 7, Ridgely 1,842 District 3 . 26,319 Dist. 8, American District 4 . 20,568 Corners 1,397 502 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~TABLE 4.—POPULATION OF COUNTIES, BY MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS, 1950-Continued~~

~~Popu- Popu- County and lation, County and lation, minor civil division 1950 minor civil division 1950~~

Carroll County.. 44,907 Dist. 1, Taneytown 3,137 Dist. 6, Hooper Island. 987 Dist. 2, Uniontown.. 2,134 Dist. 7, Cambridge 12,909 Dist. 3, Myers 1,844 Dist. 8, Neck 776 Dist. 4, Woolerys .... 3,757 Dist. 9, Church Creek . 708 Dist. 5, Freedom 7,301 Dist. 10, Straits Neck... 1,005 Dist. 6, Manchester 3,742 Dist. 11, Drawbridge.... 180 Dist. 7, Westminster 10,867 Dist. 12, Williamsburg.. 694 Dist. 8, Hampstead 2,647 Dist. 13, Bucktown 632 Dist. 9, Franklin 1,186 Dist. 14, Linkwood 873 District 10, Middleburg., 1,064 Dist. 15, Hurlock 2,317 Dist. 11, New Windsor .. 1,946 Dist. 16, Madison.. 274 Dist. 12, Union Bridge... 1,531 Dist. 17, Salem 348 Dist. 13, Mount Airy 1,830 Dist. 18, Elliott 163 Dist. 14, Berrett 1,921 Frederick County . 62,287 Cecil County 33,356 Dist. 1, Buckeystown.. 2,427 Dist. 1, Cecilton 2,208 Dist. 2, Frederick 19,709 Dist 2, Chesapeake Dist. 3, Middletown. .. 2,348 City 2,418 Dist. 4, Creagerstown 880 Dist. 3, Elkton 8,787 Dist. 5, Emmitsburg .. 4,399 Dist. 4, Fair Hill 2,044 Dist. 5, North East 5,157 Dist. 6, Catoctin 1,085 Dist. 7, Urbana 1,903 Dist. 6, Rising Sun 3,064 Dist. 8, Liberty 1,106 Dist. 7, Port Deposit ... 7,532 Dist. 9, New Market.. 2,759 Dist. 8, Oakwood Dist. 10, Hauvers 1,881 (Mount Pleasant) 1,028 Dist. 9, Calvert (Brick Dist. 11, Woodsboro.. 1,829 Meeting House) 1,118 Dist. 12, Petersville .. 1,535 Dist. 13, Mount Pleasant 920 Charles County 23,415 Dist. 14, Jefferson 1,173 Dist. 15, Thurmont .. 3,444 Dist. 1, La Plata 2,412 Dist. 2, Hill Top 868 Dist. 16, Jackson 1,127 Dist. 3, Cross Roads 1,463 Dist. 17, Johnsville ... 1,225 Dist. 4, Allens Fresh 1,832 Dist. 18, Woodville... 1,169 Dist. 5, Harris Lot. . 1,755 Dist. 19, Linganore. .. 735 Dist. 20, Lewistown... 1.359 Dist. 6, White Plain 2,788 Dist. 7, Pomonkey ... 6,761 Dist. 21, Tuscarora 1,207 Dist. 8, Bryantown... 2,530 Dist. 22, Burkittsville 1,046 Dist. 9, Patuxent 1,382 Dist. 23, Ballenger 753 Dist. 10, Marbury 1,624 Dist. 24, Braddock 1,156 Dist. 25, Brunswick .... 3,752 Dist. 26, Walkersville. 1.360 Dorchester County 27,815 Dist. 1, Fork 1,532 Garrett County . 21,259 Dist. 2, East New Market 1,810 Dist. 1, Swanton 1,201 Dist. 3, Vienna 1,331 Dist. 2, Friendsville Dist. 4, Taylors Island.. 463 and Selbysport 1,881 Dist. 5, Lakes 713 Dist. 3, Grantsville... 2,474 MARYLAND MANUAL 503

~~TABLE 4—POPULATION OF COUNTIES, BY MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS, 1950—Continued~~

~~Popu- County and County and lation, minor civil division minor civil division 1950~~

Dist. 7, Bethesda 45,807 Dist. 4, Bloomington . Dist. 8, Olney 3,608 Dist. 5, Accident Dist. 9, Gaithersburg 5,398 Dist. 10, Potomac 1,956 Dist. 6, Sang Run Dist. 7, East Oakland ... Dist. 11, Barnesville 1,856 Dist. 8, Red House Dist. 12, Damascus 2,825 Dist. 9, Finzell Dist. 13, Wheaton .. 77,417 Dist. 10, Deer Park Dist. 11, The Elbow Dist. 12, Bittinger Prince George’s County.. 194,182 Dist. 13, Kitzmillers Dist. 14, West Oakland Dist. l,Vanesville 3,779 Dist. 15, Avilton Dist. 2, Bladensburg 18,219 Dist. 16, Mountain Dist. 3, Marlboro 2,403 Lake Park Dist. 4, Nottingham 1,687 Dist. 5, Piscataway 3,903 Harford County . Dist. 6, Spaldings 21,756 Dist. 7, Queen Anne. 2,342 Dist. 1, Abingdon 10,188 Dist. 8, Aquasco 1,289 Dist. 2, Halls Cross Dist. 9, Surratts 7,118 Roads 13,021 Dist. 10, Laurel 6,023 Dist. 3, Bel Air 10,009 Dist. 4, Marshall 4,955 Dist. 11, Brandywine 2,946 Dist. 5, Dublin 5,800 Dist. 12, Oxon Hill ... 6,429 Dist. 6, Havre de Grace . 7,809 Dist. 13, Kent 4,419 Dist. 14, Bowie 4,795 Dist. 15, Melwood .... 2,373 Howard County 23,119 Dist. 16, Hyattsville 13,748 Dist. 1, Elk Ridge ... 4,607 Dist. 17, Chillum 37,236 Dist. 2, Ellicott City 5,235 Dist. 18, Seat Pleasant .. 17,678 Dist. 3, West Dist. 19, Riverdale 12,465 Friendship 2,348 Dist. 20, Lanham 3,998 Dist. 4, Lisbon 2,828 Dist. 21, Berwyn 19,576 Dist. 5, Clarksville.... 2,551 Dist. 6, Guilford 5,550 Queen Anne’s County 14,579 Dist. 1, Dixon 1,876 Kent County 13,677 Dist. 2, Church Hill 1,700 Dist. 3, Centerville 3,362 Dist. 1, Massey 2,242 Dist. 4, Kent Island 2,205 Dist. 2, Kennedyville. 1,645 Dist. 5, Queenstown 3,095 Dist. 3, Worton Dist. 6, Ruthsburg 1,010 (Betterton) 1,685 Dist. 7, Crumpton 1,331 Dist. 4, Chestertown 3,395 Dist. 5, Rock Hall 2,732 Dist. 6, Fairlee 1,102 St. Mary’s County 29,111 Dist. 7, Pomona 876 Dist. 1, St. Inigoes 2,801 Dist. 2, Valley Lee 2,696 Montgomery County 164,401 Dist. 3, Leonardtown 3,979 Dist. 4, Chaptico 1,767 Dist 1, Lay tons ville . 1,749 Dist. 5, Mechanicsville .. 2,051 Dist. 2, Clarksburg .. 2,157 Dist. 3, Poolesville ... 1,600 Dist. 6, Hillville Dist. 4, Rockville 10,558 (Patuxent) 2,615 Dist. 5, Colesville 6,773 Dist. 7, Milestown 2,275 Dist. 6, Darnestown. 2,697 Dist. 8, Bay 10,575 Dist. 9, St. George Island 352 504 MARYLAND MANUAL

~~TABLE 4.—POPULATION OF COUNTIES, BY MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS, 1950—Continued~~

~~Popu- Popu- County and lation, County and lation, minor civil division 1950 minor civil division 1950~~

Somerset County 20,745 Dist. 1, West Princess Dist. 16, Beaver Creek 1,370 Anne 2,046 Dist. 17, Hagerstown ... 5,544 Dist. 2, St. Peters 643 Dist. 18, Chewsville 1,533 Dist. 3, Brinkleys 1,913 Dist. 19, Keedysville .... 1,011 Dist. 4, Dublin 1,296 Dist. 20, Downsville 882 Dist. 5, Mount Vernon ... 955 Dist. 21, Hagerstown.. 7,075 Dist. 6, Fairmount 867 Dist. 22, Hagerstown.. 7,323 Dist. 7, Crisfield 3,999 Dist. 23, Wilson 1,845 Dist. 8, Lawsons 1,654 Dist. 24, Hagerstown.. 4,404 Dist. 9, Tangier 521 Dist. 25, Hagerstown.. 8,879 Dist. 10, Smith Island 684 Dist. 26, Halfway 2,322 Dist. 11, Dames Quarter 371 Wicomico County . 39,641 Dist. 12, Asbury 1,490 Dist. 13, Westover 1,134 Dist. 1, Barren Creek . 1,502 Dist. 14, Deal Island 957 Dist. 2, Quantico 946 Dist. 15, Princess Anne .... 2,215 Dist. 3, Tyaskin 1,244 Dist. 4, Pittsburg 1,585 Dist. 5, Parsons 8,530 Talbot County 19,428 Dist. 6, Dennis 767 Dist. 1, Easton 8,687 Dist. 7, Trappe 860 Dist. 2, St. Michaels 3,239 Dist. 8, Nutters 1,314 Dist. 3, Trappe 2,820 Dist. 9, Salisbury 6,078 Dist. 4, Chapel 2,481 Dist. 10, Sharptown.. 1,248 Dist. 5, Bay Hundred 2,201 Dist. 11, Delmar 2,037 Washington County 78,886 Dist. 12, Nanticoke . 1,223 Dist. 13, Camden 7,560 Dist. 1, Sharpsburg 1,652 Dist. 14, Willards 1,168 Dist. 2, Williamsport 3,290 Dist. 15, Hebron 1,307 Dist. 3, Hagerstown 6,629 Dist. 16, Fruitland.. . 2,272 Dist. 4, Clear Spring 1,985 Dist. 5, Hancock 2,889 Worcester County.. 23,148 Dist. 6, Boonsboro 2,531 Dist. 7, Cavetown 2,206 Dist. 1, Costen’s 5,018 Dist. 8, Rohrersville 1,432 Dist. 2, Snow Hill 3,866 Dist. 9, Leitersburg 1,379 Dist. 3, East Berlin .. 3.578 Dist. 10, Funkstown 2,317 Dist. 4, Newark 921 Dist. 5, St. Martin’s 1.579 Dist. 11, Sandy Hook 1,218 Dist. 12, Tilghmanton 2,185 Dist. 6, Colbourne’s.. 532 Dist. 13, Conococheague .. 2,062 Dist. 7, Atkinson’s .... 558 Dist. 14, Ringgold 2,261 Dist. 8, Stockton 2,166 Dist. 15, Indian Spring .... 1,662 Dist. 9, West Berlin.. 2,422 Dist. 10, Ocean City 2,508 MARYLAND MANUAL 505

~~STANDARD MARYLAND COLLEGES Approved by- Maryland State Board of Education~~

Senior Colleges: College of Notre Dame Baltimore 10 Goucher College Towson 4 Hood College Frederick The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore 18 Loyola College Baltimore 10 Maryland State College Princess Anne Morgan State College Baltimore 12 Mount Saint Agnes College Baltimore 9 Mount Saint Mary’s College Emmitsburg Saint John’s College Annapolis Saint Joseph College Emmitsburg Saint Mary’s Seminary and University Baltimore 10 University of Baltimore School of Business Industry and Management Baltimore 1 University of Maryland College Park and Baltimore 1 Washington College Chestertown Washington Missionary College Takoma Park 12 Western Maryland College Westminster Woodstock College Woodstock

~~Teachers Colleges: State Teachers College Bowie State Teachers College Frostburg State Teachers College Salisbury State Teachers College Towson 4 Coppin State Teachers College Baltimore 16~~

Junior Colleges: Baltimore Junior College Baltimore 18 Carver Junior College Rockville Hagerstown Junior College Hagerstown Montgomery Junior College Takoma Park 12 Saint Charles College Catonsville 28 Saint Mary’s Seminary Junior College St. Mary’s City State Teachers College* Bowie State Teachers College* Frostburg State Teachers College* Salisbury State Teachers College* Towson 4 University of Baltimore Baltimore 1 ♦First Two Years 50(3 MARYLAND MANUAL

NEWSPAPERS OF GENERAL CIRCULATION (This list does not include collegiate, fraternal, professional, trade, religious or similar journals.) I. Dailies Date Town Name of Payer Estab. Time of Issue Annapolis Evening Capital .1884 Daily exc. Sun. The Sun 1837 Morning exc. Sun. The Evening Sun 1910 Evening exc. Sun. Baltimore (The Sunday Sun 1837 Sunday The Baltimore News-Post 1872 Evening exc. Sun. The Sunday American 1773 Sunday Cambridge The Daily Banner 1897 Evening exc. Sun. (The Cumberland News 1870 Morning exc. Sun. Cumberland (Cumberland Evening Times ..1869 Evening exc. Sun. (Cumberland Sunday Times.. . 1869 Sunday Frederick /The Frederick Post 1910 Morning exc. Sun. /The News 1883 Evening exc. Sun. Hagerstown /The Daily Mail 1828 Evening exc. Sun. /The Morning Herald 1873 Morning exc. Sun. Salisbury The Salisbury Times 1923 Evening exc. Sun. The Washington Post and Times Herald 1877 Morning and Sun. Washington, D. C. The Evening Star 1852 Evening exc. Sun. The Sunday Star 1852 Sunday The Daily News 1921 Evening exc. Sun. II. Weeklies Date Day of Town County Name of Paper Estab. Issue Aberdeen Harford The Harford Democrat- Enterprise 1867 Friday Annapolis Anne Arundel Maryland Gazette 1727 Thursday Baltimore Afro-American 1892 Tue.&Sat. Baltimore Home News 1934 Thursday Baltimore East Baltimore Guide 1926 Thursday Barstow Calvert Calvert Independent 1939 Thursday Bel Air Harford The Aegis 1856 Friday Berlin Worcester Eastern Shore Times 1925 Thursday Bethesda Montgomery ..The Montgomery County Record 1944 Thursday Bethesda Montgomery ..The Bethesda-Chevy Chase Tribune 1937 Friday Boonsboro Washington ....The Boonsboro News 1946 Thursday Brunswick Frederick The Blade-Times 1915 Thursday Cambridge Dorchester Democrat and News 1838 Thursday Catonsville Baltimore The Herald-Argus and Baltimore Countian 1881 Thursday Centreville Queen Anne’s .Queen Anne’s Record- Observer 1824 Thursday Chestertown .. Kent The Enterprise 1894 Tuesday MARYLAND MANUAL 507

Chestertown....Kent Kent County News 1793 Friday Crisfield Somerset The Crisfield Post and Somerset News 1935 Friday Crisfield Somerset The Crisfield Times 1888 Friday Denton Caroline Denton Journal 1845 Friday Denton Caroline The County Record 1952 Thursday Dundalk Baltimore Community Press and Baltimore Countian 1929 Friday Easton Talbot The Easton Journal 1931 Thursday Easton Talbot The Easton Star-Democrat .1931 Friday Elkton Cecil The Cecil Democrat 1830 Thursday Elkton Cecil The Cecil Whig 1841 Thursday Ellicott City....Howard The Ellicott City Times 1840 Thursday Emmitsburg ...Frederick The Chronicle 1879 Friday Essex Baltimore The Eastern Enterprise 1949 Thursday Federalsburg ..Caroline The Federalsburg Times 1929 Friday Frostburg Allegany The Allegany Citizen 1948 Thursday Glen Burnie ....Anne Arundel The Star 1951 Thursday Greenbelt Pr. George’s .Greenbelt Cooperator 1937 Thursday Hagerstown ...Washington ... The Globe-Independent 1936 Thursday Hampstead Carroll The Enterprise 1880 Friday Hancock Washington ....The Hancock News 1914 Friday Havre de Grace Harford Democratic-Ledger 1894 Friday Havre de Grace Harford The Havre de Grace Record 1868 Friday Hurlock Dorchester The Upper Dorchester News 1923 Thursday Hyattsville Pr. George’s....The Hyattsville Independent 1888 Friday Hyattsville Pr. George’s....Suburban News 1948 Friday (Monthly) Hyattsville Pr. George’s....The Prince George’s Post. .1932 Thursday La Plata Charles Maryland Independent ... 1872 Friday La Plata Charles Times-Crescent .1844 Friday Laurel Pr. George’s....The News Leader .1897 Thursday Leonardtown ..St. Mary’s St. Mary’s Beacon .1839 Thursday Lexington Park St. Mary’s The Enterprise .1883 Thursday Middletown ....Frederick The Valley Register .1844 Friday Mt. Airy Carroll Community Reporter .1929 Friday North East Cecil Advertiser and Perryville News 1949 Thursday Oakland Garrett The Republican .1877 Thursday Po comoke City Worcester Worcester Democrat and Ledger Enterprise .1880 Thursday Preston Caroline News and Bay County Farmer .1866 Thursday Pr. Frederick ..Calvert Calvert Gazette 1880 Saturday Pr. Frederick ..Calvert Calvert Journal .1863 Saturday Princess Anne Somerset Marylander and Herald. . .1828 Friday 508 MARYLAND MANUAL

Queenstown ... Queen Anne’s..The Queenstown News 1882 Friday Reisterstown....Baltimore The Community News and Baltimore Countian 1828 Friday Ridgely Caroline The Caroline Sun 1902 Saturday Rockville Montgomery ..Montgomery County Sentinel 1855 Thursday Rockville Montgomery ..The Rockville Times 1949 Friday Salisbury Wicomico The Salisbury Advertiser and Wicomico Countian ..1867 Thursday Silver Spring ..Montgomery ..The Maryland News 1927 Friday Silver Spring ..Montgomery ..Maryland Press 1953 Friday Snow Hill Worcester Democratic-Messenger 1867 Thursday Sykesville Carroll Sykesville Herald 1913 Thursday Takoma Park..Montgomery ..Takoma Journal 1928 Friday Taneytown Carroll Carroll Record 1894 Friday Thurmont Frederick The Catoctin Enterprise 1940 Friday Towson Baltimore The Jeffersonian 1912 Friday Towson Baltimore The Union News 1850 Friday Union Bridge Carroll The Pilot 1905 Friday Upper Marlboro ... Pr. George’s. The Enquirer-Gazatte 1950 Friday Waldorf Charles The Waldorf Leaf 1927* Thursday Westminster....Carroll The Democratic-Advocate....1838 Friday Westminster....Carroll The Times. 1911 Thursday As the Southern Maryland Times. MARYLAND MANUAL 509

RADIO AND TELEVISION STATIONS RADIO STATIONS Frequency News City & Call Letters Est. Power Network Service Annapolis WANN 1946 1,190 kc UP 1,000 w-d WASL 1946 810 kc AP 250 w-d WNAV 1949 1,430 kc AP 1,000 w Baltimore WEAL 1925 1,090 kc NBC AP,UP,INS 50.000 w WE MI) 1947 750 kc UP 1.000 w-d WCAO 1922 600 kc CBS AP 5.000 w WCBM 1924 680 kc MBS 10.000 w-d 5,000 w-n WFBR 1922 1,300 kc ABC AP, UP 5.000 w WITH 1941 1,230 kc AP 250 w WSID 1947 1,010 kc UP 1.000 w-d WWIN 1951 1,400 kc UP 250 w Bethesda-Chevy Chase WUST 1951 1,120 kc UP 250 w-d Cambridge WCEM 1947 1,240 kc MBS AP 100 w Cumberland WCUM 1948 1,490 kc CBS AP 250 w WDYK 1949 1,230 kc ABC-MBS AP 250 w WTBO 1928 1,450 kc NBC UP 250 w Frederick WFMD 1936 930 kc CBS AP 1,000 w Hagerstown WARE 1947 1,490 kc CBS UP 250 w WJEJ 1932 1,240 kc MBS-ABC AP 250 w 510 MARYLAND MANUAL

Channel— News City & Call Letter Est. Power Network Service Havre de Grace WASA 1948 1,330 kc KBS AP 1,000 d Leonardtown WKIK 1953 1,370 kc UP 1,000 w-d Lexington Park WPTX 1953 920 kc KBS AP 500 w Morningside WPGC 1954 1,580 kc 1,000 w Rockville WINX 1940 1,600 kc UP 1,000 d Salisbury WBOC 1940 960 kc MBS AP 1,000 w Silver Spring WGAY 1946 1,050 kc UP 1,000 w-d Towson WTOW 1954 1,570 kc 1,000 w Westminster WTTR 1953 1,470 kc 1,000 w-d Wheaton WDON 1953 1,540 kc 250 w

TELEVISION STATIONS Baltimore WAAM-TV 1948 13 ABC-DuM AP 158-A.P. 316 V.P. WBAL-TV 1948 11 NBC AP,UP,INS 120-A.P. 240 V.P. WMAR-TV 1947 2 CBS AP 50 A.P. 100 V.P. Salisbury WBOC-TV 1954 16 ABC-DuM AP 8.6 A.P. 15.6 V.P. MARYLAND MANUAL 511

~~F-M STATIONS City or Town Call Letters Annapolis... WNAV-FM Baltimore.... WCAO-FM WITH-FM Bethesda WUST-FM Cumberland WCUM-FM Hagerstown. WJEJ-FM Oakland WBUZ-FM~~

Key to Abbreviations: Network: ABC—American Broadcasting Co.; CBS—Columbia Broad- casting System; DuM—DuMont Television Netwoek; KBS—Keystone Broadcasting System; LBS—Liberty Broadcasting System; MBS— Mutual Broadcasting System; NBC—National Broadcasting Co. News Services: AP—Associated Press; INC—International News Service: UP—United Press. Compiled from Radio Annual and Television Year Book, 18th Edition, 1955.

~~INDEX TO PROPER NAMES~~

—o— A Page Page Aaron, Howard L 269 Allen, William Prescott 309 Aaronson, Mortimer 313 Allen, Wilton T 247 Abbott, William C 238 Allenberg, William 260 Abbott, Wilson 492 Alleyne, Vivian 268 . Abell, C. Ethelbert 65 Alpert, Maxwell 270 Abell, J. Gerald 246 Alton, Joseph W., Jr 238 Abell, J. Walter 245 Alvey, Leonard S 242 Abell, John Ralph 247 Alvey, Richard Henry 462, 464 Abramson, Leon 269, 270 Ambrose, Joseph R 59 Abramson, Murray 159, 165, 280 Amoss, L. Maurice 80 Acker, Joseph A 158, 166, 280 Anders, J. Thomas 246 Ackerman, Charles 280 Anders, W. H. B 57 Adams, Charles B 254 Anderson, Frank L 239 Adams, J. Franklin 263 Anderson, G. C. A 268 Adams, John T 160, 166, 281 Anderson, George M 66, 108 Adams, Rowland K 463 Anderson, Glenn F 310 Adams, Thomas L 238 Anderson, Irma M 245 Adams, Victorine Quille 73 Anderson, James C 271 Adams, Wilsie H 265 Anderson, Marvin 1 241 Addison, Thomas G 455 Anderson, Mrs. Norman H 258 Addison, Walter D 238 Anderson, Stephen H 253 Adkins, B. Herman 492 Anderson, Thomas M 188 Adkins, Bertha S 317 Anderson, William M., Jr 239 Adkins, E. Dale 63, 134 Anderson, William P 254, 491 Adkins, William H 463 Andrew, G. Clyde 258 Adkins, William H., II 245 Andrew, Ormond L 251 Adler, Charles, Jr 43, 107 Andrew, William E 238 Adshend, Lawrence 490 Andrews, Evelyn B 250 Ager, J. Norman 57, 128 Andrews, Francis M 220 Agro, Angelo 313 Andrews, Robert J 244 Agrow, W. Waldemar W 74 Andrews, S. Elwood 281 Ahalt, Maurice S 262 Andrews, Walter B 314 Aiken, B. 0 258 Andrews, William N 477 Aisenberg, Myron S 59 Andros, Sir Edmund 449 Alban, James C 108, 130 Angell, Charles L 318 Albert, Talbot J 259 Ankeney, Howard E 161, 166, 282 Albert, William J 476 Ankeney, Jacob M 264 Albrecht, George F 314 Ankeney, William H 320 Albrecht, Walter E 69 Anne, Queen of England 485 Albright, James 260 Anthony, Charles E 240 Alexander, Horace M 238 Antonelli, Camillo N 158n, 180, 313 Alexander, Robert 450, 466 Anuszewski, Walter 279 Alexander, Virgil 488 Appleman, Mrs. Charles 0 253 Algire, G. Watson 59,132 Archer, John 452, 473 Allen, Aris T 248 Archer, Robert H 242, 295, 455 Allen, Charles B 43 Archer, Stevenson. .. .457, 462, 464, 473, 474, Allen, Joseph 34 475, 476 Allen, W. Lee 90, 220 Armhold, Clifford R 491 Allen, Wendell D 28, 53, 57 Armiger, William S 281 Allen, Willard W 63 Armour, C. Arnett 319 513 514 NAME INDEX

Page Page Armstrong, Alexander 464 Banning, Jeremiah 465 Armstrong, Raymond 262 Barbee, Alger Y 237 Arner, Dale Howard 80 Barber, Isaac A 476 Arrington, Mrs. R. Neville 259 Barber, Luke 448 Arthur, Anna M 270 Barger, William G 255 Arthur, John G 268 Barker, Ben W 75 Arundel, Lady Anne 484 Barnes, Benjamin L 237 Asay, Elizabeth 238 Barnes, C. Ray 155, 160, 166, 284 Ash, Verl 70 Barnes, C. W 52 Ash, Verl A 488 Barnes, Henry A 271 Ashby, Jesse J 160, 166, 281 Barnes, Richard 451, 465 Ashley, Evelyn 261 Barnes, Wilson K 118 Ashley, Gilbert 315 Barney, John 474 Atkinson, Gordon T 458 Barney, Joshua 473 Atkinson, Hamilton R 265 Baron, Morris 244 Atkinson, Mildred 253 Barrett, Henry S 73 Atwell, John 252 Barrett, Lester L 188 Ausherman, Samuel Q 239 Barrett, Stanley M 319 Austin, Byrne 293 Barrick, A. LaMar 247 Austin, Charles S., Jr 120 Barrick, Dwight 281 Ayares, Richard B 107 Barrick, Dwight A 245 Ayers, Alexander 320 Barrick, Samuel W 237 Ayers, Ellis 262 Barrow, Wylie W 249 Ayers, Richard W 110 Barry, Edwin M 80 Azrael, Edward 313 Barry, James 257 Barth, John J 239 Barthel, Geneva V 252 B Bartlett, F. Asbury 245 Babylon, W. Warfield 256 Bartol, James Lawrence. . 462, 464 Bacharach, Carl W 159, 166, 280 Bartos, Edward J., Sr.. . . 158, 166, 280 Baden, Charles 307 Bass, Charlotta A 297 Baer, Adam 124 Bassford, Morris B 43 Baer, George, Jr 473 Bateman, Henry E 457 Baer, John M 250 Bateman, Merle S 53 Baggett, Jesse S 242 Bateman, Wilfred 456 Bailey, Charles 315 Bates, Milton 277 Bailey, Henry J 316 Bauer, R. Glover, Jr 117, 318 Bailey, Joseph A 240 Baughman, L. Victor . . . . 458 Bailey, Levin C 463 Baughman, Wilbur 253 Bailey, M. G 261 Baughman, Wilbur N. . . . 242 Baker, Alva S., Jr 263 Bauman, Howard J 315 Baker, Frank E 246 Bauman, William J 239 Baker, Joseph D., Jr 57 Baumgardner, Murray M. 252 Baker, Joseph D., II 252 Baumgartner, E. I 255 Baker, Robert 262 Baumgartner, Helen T. . . 281 Baker, William B 476 Baxley, Milton W 259 Bald, George H 119 Bayley, Josiah 464 Bald, Mollie E 40 Bayliff, William H 78 Baldassare, Joseph 280 Bayly, Thomas 474 Balderson, Sherwood H 249, 279 Bayly, William, Jr 451 Balderston, Lloyd, III 90 Baynard, John T 237 Baldwin, H. Street! 478 Baynes, Henry T . . . .159, 166, 280 Baldwin, Maurice 244 Beach, J. Gordy 492 Ball, J. Lee 238 Beach, Rex 112 Ball, Rudyard K 280 Beach, Mrs. W. Emmit. . 251 Bamford, Ronald A 59 Beachey, Mildred 259 Bandiere, Charles M 85 Beachy, Lee 490 Banks, Walter G 243 Beal, George Max 91 Banning, Gilbert A 248 Beall, J. Glenn 298, 304, 472, 478 NAME INDEX 515

Page Page Beall, Josias 460 Bishop, J. Charles 491 Beall, Osborne P 244, 318 Bishop, James W 240 Beall, Samuel 451 Bishop, Smith 451 Beard, J. Howard 254, 255, 264 Bittinger, Lenwood F 263 Beard, Ralph C 48 Bittle, Goldie B 258 Beardmore, Walter H.. . 244 Bitzer, William O 245 Beatty, William C 121 Bjorlee, Ignatius 57 Beck, Eleanor 318 Black, J. R. Ray 247, 320 Beck, Frederick 306 Black, Virginia M 315 Beck, George W 489 Blackburn, John Harvey. . 244 Beck, Howard C 270 Blackiston, Nathaniel 449 Beckwith, Paul M 279 Blackiston, Nehemiah 449 Bedsworth, Henry 240 Blackistone, William J. . . . 461 Beggs, Harry W 259, 263 Blackmon, Mary C 241 Behounek, Rudolph...... 158, 166, 280 Blackstock, Clarence 83 Beilein, John 123 Bladen, Thomas 449 Bell, Irma 261 Blades, Orland B 160, 167, 281 Bell, T. Webster 267, 491 Blair, James G 243 Bellows, William D.. . . 491 Blair, Montgomery 479 Bender, Alva H 126 Blakeney, Albert A 476, 477 Bender, Charles O 249 Blaker, Charles W 219 Bender, Frank J 49 Bland, James B 128 Benepe, Robert S 250 Blitch, Clifford G 59 Bennett, Charles W.. . . 240 Blocher, Ross J 489 Bennett, Earl 160, 166, 281 Bloom, Myron L 161, 167, 282 Bennett, Edgar T 101 Bloom, William C 270 Bennett, James M 251 Blum, Alice M 94 Bennett, James N 267 Blunt, Royden A 220 Bennett, Luke J., Jr. . . 238 Blunt, Royden Addison. . . 304 Bennett, Walter V 85 Blunt, Royden S 80 Benny, J. Carlton 314 Boatman, Frank L 243 Benson, Mrs. C. I 258 Bock, C. Adam 116 Benson, Carville D.. . . 461, 477 Boden, Joseph E 237 Benson, James L 33 Bodkin, Brook 82 Benton, Charles L 59 Boehm, Louis Alfred 241 Berger, Frances M 320 Bollinger, Edward O 314 Berkson, Jacob B 161, 166, 282 Bolton, William P 256, 277, 292, 478 Bernhardt, Elmer F.. . . 270 Bonaparte, Charles J 479 Berry, John S 458, 461 Bond, Adna R 82 Berry, Samuel M 317 Bond, Carroll T 463, 464 Berry, William Edward 241,252 Bond, Frank A 458 Bertorelli, Joseph A.. . . 155, 157, 162, 279 Bond, Jacob 452 Bettinger, L. R 83 Bond, James A. C 463 Betts, Mrs. Norman. . . 259 Bonifant, John T 128 Betts, William F 491 Bonnett, William 269 Betz, Henry 251 Bonsack, Paul C 240, 241 Beuchelt, Walter 270 Boone, A. Gordon .57, 155, 159, 167, Biddison, John S 265 281, 299, 305 Biddison, Thomas N.. . 270 Boone, Bertram Lee, II . . . 457 Bier, George H 458 Boone, Dorothy M 257 Bikle, E. Austin 245 Boone, Mrs. Felix 65 Billmire, Garrett O. . . . 109 Boone, J. Marshall 279 Birch, Paul 490 Boone, John Marshall 43 Bird, Aldine R 107 Booze, William S 476, 476n Bird, J. W 69 Borcherding, Charles H., Sr. 48 Birdsell, Wayne 249 Borden, Skipworth 265 Birmingham, Michael J. 241 Bordley, John Beale 450 Biser, Daniel S 461 Bortham, S. Otis 264 Bishop, Harry A 59 Boslow, Harold M 94 516 NAME INDEX

Page Page Bostetter, Martin V. B.. 316 Brady, James H. T 318 Boston, Edward 264 Brady, James S., Jr 320 Boston, W. Theodore. . . 87 Brainthwait, William 477 Botka, Joseph 264 Brant, Ruby 260 Boulden, Albert B 122 Brantly, William T 456 Boulter, John E., Jr 490 Bratton, Robert F 460, 476, 476n Bounds, J. Harold 258 Brauning, Horace S., Sr 262, 314 Bounds, William A 250 Brayshaw, Thomas 251 Bounds, William Eugene 321 Breeskin, Adelyn D 271 Bourne, T. Earle 128 Breitstein, M. L 49 Bowen, J. Austin 240 Brengle, Francis 475 Bowen, J. Lloyd 237 Brenneman, Aubrey C 241, 252 Bowen, Percy G., Jr. . .. 279 Brent, George 462 Bowen, Perry G 248 Brent, Giles 447 Bowen, Silas 246 Brent, Robert J 464 Bowers, Eugene 83 Brevard, Benjamin 451 Bowers, Herbert H 315 Brewer, David R 250 Bowie, Fielder 465 Brewer, Nicholas 455 Bowie, Mrs. Gordon L. . 251 Brewer, Nicholas, of John 458 Bowie, Lucille 258 Brewer, Paul E 161, 167, 282 Bowie, Oden 453 Brewster, Daniel B 159, 167, 281 Bowie, Richard Johns. . . 462, 463, 464, 475 Brice, Arthur H 460 Bowie, Robert 452 Brice, James 452, 453, 454 Bowie, Robert W 456 Brice, John 453 Bowie, Thomas F 475 Bricker, William F 319 Bowie, Walter 451,473 Brickerd, E. W 82 Bowling, Evelyn Y 248 Briddell, Charles D 49 Bowling, George W 237 Bright, Temus (Tim) 289, 306 Bowling, J. T 314 Brinsfield, D. Floyd 167 Bowling, Philip B 246 Brinsfield, Harley P 280 Bowling, Robert P., Jr. . 262 Brinsfield, Lottie Robinson 160, 167, 281 Bowling, Walter W., Sr.. 279 Briscoe, James T 456 Bowlus, Emmert R 319 Briscoe, John H. T 315 Bowlus, L. Pearce 319 Briscoe, John Parran 463 Bowman, Earl H 320 Brish, William M 251 Bowman, Paul D 239 Britner, Harry 0 104 Bowman, Ralph D 314 Brittingham, Helen Moore 316 Bowman, Street 240 Brittingham, W. Hampton 316 Bowman, William L 243 Brock, James P 28 Boyce, Donald 280, 317 Broening, William F 5 Boyd, Andrew Hunter. . 463, 464 Broening, William F., Jr 318 Boyd, J. Frank 241 Brohawn, R. T 241 Boyd, James I 255 Brooke, Baker 448 Boyd, Jane C 260 Brooke, John B 459 Boyd, Joseph R 280 Brooke, Thomas 449 Boyden, Ralph 262 Brooks, Doswell E 259 Boyer, Donald H 82 Brooks, Edward Walter 159, 167, 280 Boylan, James E., Jr.. . . 188 Brooks, H. Cleland 252 Boyle, Richard T 247 Brooks, Hattie E 260 Bozman, Carlos 240 Brooks, Henry P 475n Brackett, Maurice A.. . . 239 Broschart, F. J 255 Braddock, Edward 19, 20 Broun, R. Bascom, Jr 65 Bradford, Augustus W. . 452 Brown, A. Freeborn 315 Bradley, A. K 246 Brown, B. Herbert 59 Bradley, Frank 246 Brown, Charles F 309 Bradley, J. Edmund.... 69 Prown, Charles R 319 Bradley, James Leslie. . . 244, 281 Brown, Dulaney F 246 Bradshaw, David F 238 Brown, Edwin H 457 Bradstock, Alden S. . . . 244 Brown, Elias 474 NAME INDEX 517

Page Page Brown, Elizabeth P 318 Burgess, William 448 Brown, Elizabeth Walker 250 Burgtorf, George E 255 Brown, Frank 453 Burhans, Winslow F 492 Brown, Frank D., Jr 262 Burke, Edmund 134 Brown, Frank Donaldson, Jr 89 Burke, Edmund S 59, 98 Brown, Grafton Lee 48, 50 Burke, Nicholas Charles 463 Brown, Gustavus R 465 Burke, Paul E 107 Brown, Helen Elizabeth 46 Burkhardt, Howard E 247 Brown, Herbert C 256 Burkley, William F 160, 168, 281 Brown, James 460 Burlin, Willard C 265 Brown, John 21, 473, 473n Burnette, Robert F 491 Brown, John B 476 Burns, Landon C 259, 262 Brown, Louis M 315 Burns, Lawrence J 308 Brown, Marie B 319 Burrage, William C 126 Brown, P. D 258 Burroughs, Davis C 320 Brown, Paul D 259, 262 Burroughs, W. B 263 Brown, Ralph S 254 Burton, Allan 125 Brown, Robert M 66 Burton, Wilbur D 115 Brown, Roscoe, Jr 260 Buscher, Alexander L 246 Brown, W. Emerson 73 Buscher, C. Gerard 315 Brown, W. Emerson, Jr 269 Buscher, Joseph D 36,101 Brown, William Howard 160, 167, 281 Buser, Floyd 261 Browning, Chester H., Sr 319 Bushong, E. Stuart 316 Browning, George M 314 Busick, James G 250 Browning, Warren 160, 168, 281 Buskirk, Charles 0 280 Bruce, William Cabell 460, 472 Buskirk, William Van 456 Bruff, William 451, 460 Busky, Bernard F 313 Brumbaugh, A. Irvin 247 Butcher, James 452, 455 Brune, Frederick W.. . .110, 112, 187, 463, 464 Butcher, Mason A 266 Brune, J. Joseph 271 Butler, Alexis 238 Bryan, J. Wallace 119 Butler, Earl D 279 Bryan, Samuel 318 Butler, Harry C 237 Bryan, William S., Jr 464 Butler, James B 280 Bryan, William Shepard 463 Butler, John Marshall 472 Bryant, Allen B 260 Butz, Elmer P 44 Bubert, Howard M 53, 99 Buzzell, Allen E 189 Buchanan, Florence E 260 Byerly, George L 237 Buchanan, John 462, 463 Byers, J. M 255 Buchanan, Raymond P 262 Byers, John R 119 Buchanan, Thomas 454 Byrd, Eugene T 73 Buck, Walter E 31,241 Byrd, Harry Clifton 132, 275, 289 Buckel, William M 260 Byrd, Richard D 270 Buckingham, Charles E 281 Byrnes, Joseph R 189, 301, 310, 460 Buckingham, H. C 82 Byrnes, Michael J 70 Buckingham, William M 238 Byron, Katherine E 478 Buckler, Gorman A 239 Byron, Susanne R 282 Buckley, Mrs. Stanley 248 Byron, William D 478, 478n Bucklin, Ervin W 266 Buffington, J. Raymond, Jr. .155, 159, 168, 280 Buguglio, Frank 267 Cabot, John 15 Bull, Fred L 89 Caddington, Ward M 247, 315 Bullock, J. E 261 Cain, John Patrick 313 Bunting, George A 219 Cairns, Gordon M 59, 89, 134 Burall, Walter E 263 Calandrella, Ralph 249 Burch, Joseph S 239 Caldwell, James H 316 Burgee, M. D 219 Caldwell, Samuel W 262 Burgess, E. Randolph 238 Callahan, E. Trippe 239 Burgess, Forbes H 255 Callahan, J. Parker 316 Burgess, Mary A 317, 318 Callis, Henry A 455 518 NAME INDEX

Page Page Callison, Caroline H 255 Carroll, Thomas King 452 Callow, Charles Edwin 240 Carroll, W. Frampton 240 Calvert, Benedict Leonard 449 Carroll, W. S 262 Calvert, Benedict Leonard, 4th Lord Carroll, Willie S 281, 318 Baltimore 447, 448 Carscaden, William R 251 Calvert, Lady Caroline 484 Carter, Beulah L 251 Calvert, Cecilius 448 Carter, Clayton Cann 242 Calvert, Cecilius, 2nd Lord Baltimore. .15, 16, Carter, Floyd J 57 17, 18, 112, 447, 484, 485, 486 Carter, George A 270 Calvert, Charles 3rd Lord Baltimore, .... 447, Carter, J. DeWeese 188 448, 484 Carter, J. Fred 257 Calvert, Charles B 475 Carter, James 243 Calvert, Charles, 5th Lord Baltimore, Carter, James H 53 19, 447, 449 Carter, John H 259, 263 Calvert, Frederick, 6th Lord Baltimore, Carter, John M 456 18, 20, 447, 484, 485 Carter, Joseph L 278, 296 Calvert, George, 1st Lord Baltimore. . .16, 447 Carter, Joseph T 189 Calvert, Leonard 16, 17, 447, 448 Carter, R. Earle 489 Calvert, Philip 448 Case, Robert A 258 Calvert, William 448 Caslin, John J 244 Cameron, Julia Sprigg 259 Caspar, John P 90 Cameron, Paul M 319 Cassell, Benjamin F 96 Cameron, W. Ross 255 Cassell, George W 106 Campbell, James A 491 Cassell, R. D 260 Campbell, John 473 Catlin, Elmer F 320 Campbell, Peter J 460 Causin, John M. S 475 Cannon, C. Burton, Jr 241 Cavaliere, Louis J 313 Cannon, Robert Powell 161, 168, 282 Cavanagh, George 268 Canoles, M. Alice 313 Cecil, Clyde H 491 Caplan, Reuben 313 Cecil, Ethel S 315 Caples, D. D 255 Cecil, Francis Geroe 240 Capper, Walter C 256, 463 Cerniak, Richard 280 Carberry, Henry 458 Chaille, Peter 451, 465 Cardin, Maurice 130, 159, 168, 280 Chamberlaine, James Lloyd 451 Cardin, Meyer M 269 Chamberlin, Richard 317 Carey, G. Cheston 270 Chamberlin, Robert L., Sr 254 Carliner, Paul E 50 Chambers, Ezekiel Forman.... 462, 470, 470n Carlson, Allen, Jr 246 Chambers, William 457 Carlson, C. Allen 250 Chance, S. Grayson 242, 253 Carmichael, Richard B 426, 474 Chandler, O. Sheldon 316 Carmichael, William 466 Chaney, Edward G 457 Carr, Edmund L 241 Chapline, George M 281 Carr, J. Willis 319 Chapman, Andrew G 476 Carr, Samuel J 241 Chapman, Henry H 455, 460 Carr, Thomas S 27 Chapman, J. Walker 264 Carr, William J 120 Chapman, John G 459, 461, 475 Carrico, Rudolph A 241, 314 Charles 1 16, 18 Carroll, A. Raymond 238 Charlton, Roger 0 282 Carroll, Charles, Barrister 450, 451, 451n Chase, Jeremiah Townley 452, 453, 454, Carroll, Charles, of Carrollton. . .450, 452, 459, 462, 463, 465, 466 465, 466, 466n, 484 Chase, Norman S 319 Carroll, Charles, Sr 453 Chase, Samuel. 450, 451, 451n, 465, 466, 479 Carroll, Clinton T 239 Chavez, F. A 244 Carroll, Daniel 453, 459, 465, 466, 472 Chesley, William R 254 Carroll, H. M 259, 263 Cheesman, C. Elwood 246 Carroll, James 460, 475 Chelton, Guy W 264 Carroll, John Lee 453, 459 Chepko, Julius .. 117 Carroll, Nicholas 465 Chesley, John, Jr . . 465 Carroll, T. Milton 259 Chesley. Mrs. William R 259 NAME INDEX 519

Page Page Chesney, Alan M 69 Coffin, Charles E. . . . 476 Chester, Alfred H 320 Coffin, Lewis F 125 Chew, Joseph E 314 Coffman, Roy M. . . . 309 Chew, Philemon 455 Coggins, Richard K.. . 47 Chew, William 318 Cohen, Harry 268 Chewning, E. Taylor 44 Cohen, Jack 43 Child, Godfrey 243 Colburn, G. Hewlett. 295 Child, Godfrey E 114 Cole, Benjamin 244 Childs, William F., Jr 101 Cole, C. Walter 38 Chilton, Charles 465 Cole, Carroll M 317 Christensen, Einar B 189 Cole, Donald C 319 Christie, Gabriel 472, 473 Cole, Emory Ryan. . . 159, 168, 280 Christis, Mary Frampton 65 Cole, Frederick A.. . . 119 Christopher, A. P 492 Cole, Harry A 157, 162,279 Christopher, Mrs. Harry 98 Cole, Jane M 261 Christopher, J. Lester 251 Cole, William H 476, 476n Church, C. S 253 Cole, William P 89 Chvatal, Edward C 313 Cole, William P., Jr.. 58, 477, 478 Cierniak, Henry 317 Coleman, James 253 Cilento, Joseph A., Jr 313 Coleman, William E. 239 Clabaugh, Harry M 464 Coles, Elsie R 252 Clagett, William B 458 Coll, Kathleen Henry 239 Claggett, Lansdale G 242 Collenberg, Henry T. 117 Claggett, Walter 316 Collier, Harry P 319 Claggett, Walter W 36 Collier, William B. . . 251 Claiborne, William 17, 447 Collins, Charles E. . . 281 Clark, H. Stanley 238 Collins, John 244 Clark, Helen M 53 Collins, Kathleen.... 33 Clark, Howard W 242, 253 Collins, Stephen R.. . 110, 187, 463 Clark, Leslie J 280 Collinson, Rachel. . . . 241 Clark, Linwood L 477 Colman, J. Douglas. . 70 Clark, Percy E 256, 259, 263 Colona, Letcher L. . . 264 Clark, R. Duncan 46 Colton, John M 243 Clarke, John S 268 Combs, Frank A. . . . 161, 168, 282 Clary, Milton D 239 Combs, Frank J 315 Clatanoff, William B 280 Compton, Barnes. . . . 457,459,476,476n Claude, Dennis 457, 458 Conant, Margaret M. 282 Clauss, Albert F 257, 317 Conley, Charles H. . . 57 Clem, Richard L 260 Conley, Virginia C.. . 121 Clements, Carroll 252 Conlon, Thomas E.. . 462 Clements, Mrs. Guy R 248 Connelly, Patrick J. . 313 Clendenin, George B 115 Connolly, Donald H. 270 Clogg, Milton F 315 Connolly, Francis J. . 254 Clopper, Charles W 492 Connor, Joseph P.. . . 238 Clopper, Simon 247 Connor, Miles E 56 Clopper, Virginia 247 Connor, Stanley 256 Close, Albert P 245 Conroy, Wilbur H. . . 99 Coady, Charles P 477 Constable, Albert. . . 463,475 Coale, Bertram B 239 Contee, Benjamin. . . 466, 472 Coale, W. Chase 242 Contee, John 453 Coates, Louis 266 Contee, Thomas 451 Cobb, L. L 259 Contee, William 317 Cobey, W. Earle 248 Conway, Curtis 82 Cochran, Alexander S 271 Coode, John 448,449 Cochran, John A 85 Cook, Mrs. Albert. . . 248 Cochran, Silas Morris 462 Cook, Frederick H.. . 317 Cockey, Edward 465 Cook, Noel Speir. . . . 159, 169, 280 Cockey, Grace 251 Cook, William H. . . 253 Cody, James E 258 Cooksey, T. Ford . . 257 520 NAME INDEX

Page Page Cooksey, William A 252 Croll, Paul A 314 Cooley, Amos H 239 Cromwell, George T 237 Cooling, Zachary T 244, 489 Cromwell, Nathan 465 Cooper, Charlotte L 280 Cromwell, Oliver 18 Cooper, Levin T 264 Cromwell, Roland W 247 Cooper, Paul D 251 Cromwell, Stephen C 48 Cooper, Philip C 256 Cronin, L. Eugene 78, 87, 88 Cooper, Richard W 85 Crook, Howard E 91 Copley, Father 17 Cropper, Calvin H 267 Copley, Sir Lionel 449 Cropper, Granville, Sr 245 Coppage, John H 40 Cropper, Hugh T., Jr 316 Corddry, Kathryn J 238 Cropper, Sewell 264 Corderman, John E 257 Cropper, Sidney L 264 Cordle, J. David 98 Crosby, James W 241 Corkran, Clarence H., Jr 160, 169, 281 Crossley, Evan H 245 Cornish, Charles 98 Croswell, E. E 250 Cornish, Charles E 73, 74 Crothers, Austin L 453 Comwaleys, Thomas 447 Crowe, Fred 243 Corr, Reade W 250 Growl, Philip A 465n Corrigan, William P 159, 169, 280 Crueger, Herman C 107 Cory, E. N 87 Culbreth, John H 45$ Cosden, Jeremiah 474, 474n Culbreth, Thomas 474 Coster, Frank L 244 Cullen, James K 189, 278, 296 Cotterman, H. F 59 Cullen, Richard E 243 Cottman, James A 264 Culotta, Albert J 120 Cottman, Joseph S 475 Culotta, Samuel A 159,169, 280 Goughian, J. Fendall 281 Culver, Charles F 159, 169, 281 Coulbourn, William H 255 Culver, Jack F. A., Jr 316 Coulter, John 465 Cummings, James E 490 Couper, Louise E 110 Cuniberti, Julia L 259 Coursey, Raymond F 246 Curran, J. Joseph 270 Cousins, James R., Jr 491 Curran, James W 91 Covington, George W 476 Curran, William 464 Covington, J. Harry 477, 477n Currier, George E 77 Covington, Leonard 473 Cursey, Millard L 244, 318 Cowen, John K 476 Curtis, Francis P 461 Cowgill, Louise D 249 Curtis, Herman R 73 Cowles, Bessie Post 321 Curtis, J. Frank 245 Cox, Christopher C 459 Curtis, Mrs. J. Frank 253 Cox, E. J 258 Curtlett, John N 269 Cox, Nathaniel 456 Cushwa, C. Victor 85 Cox, Wilfred 262 Cushwa, J. K 99 Crabb, Jeremiah 472, 472n Cutshall, Gail L 257 Craig, Clayton 265 Cvach, Jerome C 119 Craik, William 472, 473 Crain, Peter Wood 462 Cramphin, Thomas 466 D Crane, Nita S. Hinman 245 Dabrowski, Edward W 158, 169, 280 Crawford, Carroll L 252 Dackson, Edward 40 Crawford, Francis J 246 D’Alesandro, Thomas, Jr.. .268, 269, 270, 313, Cresap, Thomas 19 478, 478n, 489 Creswell, John A. J 471, 475, 479 Dallam, John W 41 Grimy, Charles P 101 Dallam, Richard 456 Crisfield, John W. 475 Dammeyer, Robert E 244 Crist, Mrs. Howard G., Jr 249 Damuth, Howard R 246 Crist, LeMorton E., Jr 244 Daniels, Arthur 250 Critchlow, John N., Jr 279 Darcey, Eugene 263 Croghan, Hilda B 319 Damall, John 448 Croissant, Raymond B 117 Dasher, Maurice E 239 NAME INDEX 521

Page Page Dashiell, Harry C 242 del Valle, Pedro A 289 Dashiell, J. Bryan 314 Deming, H. V 255 Davens, Edward 66 Dempsey, Thomas F 157, 162, 279 David, Davidson 454 DeMuth, Howard 85 Davidson, George E 99 Denhard, August A 85 Davidson, John 454 Denison, Dwight K 315 Davidson, Richard B 239 Dennis, Clifton 82 Davis, Abe 242 Dennis, George R 471 Davis, Albert U 316 Dennis, George R., Jr 57 Davis, Carrington L 63 Dennis, John 473, 474, 475 Davis, Charles R 491 Dennis, John M 457 Davis, Edward M 89 Dennis, Littleton 462 Davis, Elijah 459 Dennis, Littleton 1 456 Davis, Francis A 268 Dennis, Littleton P 474, 474n Davis, Henry Winter 475 Dennis, Robert G 83 Davis, Hunting 280 Denny, James W 476, 477 Davis, J. Willard 251 Denny, T. W 263 Davis, John W 457 Dent, George 459, 460, 472, 473 Davis, M. B 255 Dent, J. Frank 249 Davis, Mary H 253 Dent, John 451 Davis, Olin S 279, 320 Dent, John F 461 Davis, Olin S., Sr 89 Dent, Lettie Marshall 250, 259 Davis, Paul M 245 Depner, Rudolph J 75 Davis, Rebecca 253 Derr, John A 490 Davis, Richard D 237 Derr, John C 319 Davis, Russell S 28, 50, 51, 52 Derr, Melvin H 133, 155, 160, 169, 281 Davis, Thomas 455, 456, 489 Derrick, Horace B 259, 262 Davis, W. Lester 315 Detamore, Reginald H 263 Davis, William G 245 Devereux, James P. S.. .277, 292, 299, 306, 478 Davis, Wilmer Fell 42 Devilbiss, Wilbur 56 Dawson, Rose 247 Dewicke, John A 270 Dawson, Thomas L 456 De Witt, Henrietta B 75 Dawson, Walter W 320 Deye, Thomas Cockey 451, 460 Dawson, William F 115 Dhue, Noble J 489 Day, Murray 0 263 Diamond, John B., Ill 189 Day, Stewart 0 188, 278, 295 Dice, Edward F 244 Dayton, Brady J 70 Dick, G. Thomas 266 Dayton, Charles S 488 Dick, J. Milton 243 Deakins, William, Jr 466 Dickinson, Henry 452, 457 DeAlba, Louis J 244 Dickinson, John 219 Dean, Alfonso H 262 DiDomenico, Anthony F 155,157, 162,279 Dean, Robert G 315 DiDomenico, Joseph F 43, 45 Dean, Robert P 158, 162, 279 Digges, Edward S 36, 79 Dean, Roger H 254 Digges, Francis 454, 455 Dearing, Charles 266 Digges, George 465 Deaton, Glen C 243 Digges, J. Dudley 188 Decker, Alonzo G., Jr 265 Digges, W. Mitchell 262, 314, 463 Deegan, Joseph C 268 Dill, Ermon 0 264 Deen, Albert L 42 Dill, L. Alan 40 deKalb, Johann, Baron 20 Dill, Malcolm H 265 Delaney, Thomas S 491 Diller, William G 265 Delaplaine, Edward S 110, 187, 463 Dinwoody, Edith A 266 Delaplaine, George B., Jr 281 Ditman, Mrs. Lewis P 259 DeLashmutt, Donald A 257 Ditto, E. W., Jr 76 Delea, Michael F 296 Ditto, Mrs. E. W 70 Dell, Charles S., Sr 78 Dixon, Jeremiah 19 Della, George W 130, 157, 162, 279, 460 Dixon, Walter T 270 Delosier, Charles E 119 Dize, Carlton 320 Delphey, Chester F 242 Dize, Carlton M 258 522 NAME INDEX

Page Page Dize, Hilton 246 Duley, Thomas E 263 Dize, Hilton M 316 Dulin, Omer, Sr 242 Doane, Benjamin H.. . 248 Duncan, John D. C 313 Dobson, Harry Auldon 247 Duncan, Lynwood 316 Dodson, Noel B 257 Duncan, Lynwood W 258 Dodson, R. C 489 Dunkle, Maurice A 250 Dodson, Richard C. . . 255 Dunn, John D 91 Doherty, Daniel T.. . . 46 Dunn, Theodore 269 Doing, Charles H 265 Dunn, Walter K., Jr 90 Dollenberg, Fred H. . . 220 Dunton, C. Worth H6 Dollinger, George F.. . . 270 Durding, Benjamin 239 Donaldson, E. F 110 Duval, Merton 266 Done, John 462,465 Duvall, C. Osborne 237 Donnell, Mrs. Harold. . 74 Duvall, Gabriel 454, 472, 472n, 479 Donnell, Harold E 91 Duvall, Grafton 455 Donnelly, H. Gordon . . 280 Duvall, Lewis 455 Donoho, Murray T. . . . 58 Duvall, Mary H 313 Dopkin, Lee L 48, 71 Duvall, Merton F 490 . Dopkin, Michael 107 Dwyer, William J 282 Dorrance, Maude B.. . . 44 Dyas, Edward J 30, 45 Dorset, Earl of 484 Dyer, Harry E., Jr 237 Dorsey, Charles A 268,317 Dyson, John Clem 320 Dorsey, Charles H 318 Dyson, William W 91 Dorsey, Clement 474 Dorsey, George W., Sr. 241,265 Dorsey, Isaac H 238 ^ Dorsey, Jean L 241 Earle, Joseph 451 Dorsey, Lawrence A. . . 490 Earle, Richard T 455 Dorsey, Philip H., Jr.. . 290, 307 Earle, Richard Tilghman 462 Dorsey, Thomas Beale. 462, 464 Early, Edward 65 Dorsey, Walter 455,462 Early, Lewis M 315 Dorsey, Walter B 237 Eastland, John Sheldon 46 Dorsey, William B 315 Eaton, C. William, Sr 267 Doub, Grayson 319, 490 Eaton, Dorothy W 79 Douglas, Edgar W 318 Eaton, Tilghman 161,170,282 Douglas, George H 318 Eby, C. Arthur 133 Douglas, Henry Kyd . . 458 Eccleston, John Bowers 462 Douglass, Calvin A. . . . 279 Eckis, Samuel C 247 Douglass, George H.. . . 123 Eckman, Charles M 313 Dowd, Alfred F 94 Edelen, Christopher 451 Dowell, Bennie C 160, 169, 281 Edelen, Edward G 247 Downey, Charles L.. . . 158, 162, 282 Edelen, Edward J 255 Downey, James A 51 Edelen, William B 281 Downing, John W 267 Edelman, Jacob J 270 Draper, Curtis W 253 Eden, Robert 449,450 Draper, Edgar D 63 Edmondson, Peter 466 Drennan, Rudolph A.. . 43 Edmondson, Pollard 451 Driscoll, Fred B 155, 159, 170, 280 Edwards, Benjamin 466, 472 Driver, Matthew 466 Edwards, Harry C 160, 170, 281 Dryden, Arthur P 245 Ehrensberger, Ray W 59 Dry den, Norman P.. . . 246 Eib, Warren B 258 Duckett, Allen B 454, 455 Eichelberger, Grayson 456 Duer, E. McMaster. . . . .188,278,294,295 Eichert, Arnold 77 Duffy, James J 269 Eigenbrode, David D 260 Duke, Roland B 256 Eisenhower, Dwight D 5, 297, 298 Dukehart, Edward C.. . 277, 294 Eklof, G. William, Jr 245 Dukes, Ernest F 244 Elburn, William W 246 Dulaney, Ralph 134 Elder, Mrs. William V 74 Dulany, Ralph O 243 Elderdice, Mrs. John M 254 NAME INDEX 523

Page Page Eldridge, Clarence V 242 Ewing, Patrick 451 Elgin, W. Lee 242 Ewing, Sherley 98 Elias, Thomas 317 Elkins, Wilson H 28, 59 Ellicott, V. L 66 Ellifretz, Ellis 86 F Ellin, A. 1 57 Fahnstock, Sheridan. . . 259 Ellin, Abraham 1 281 Fairall, Ernest L 246 Ellington, Arthur G 489 Falconer, Dorothy 73 Ellis, Mary S 52 Falconer, Ralph S 95 Ellison, Daniel 478 Falk, James H 240 Ely, Nathaniel J 266 Fallin, Herbert 270 Elzey, Clyde W 489 Fallon, George H 277, 293, 299, 305, 478 Emerson, George P 43 Fallon, Thomas P 270 Emmart, L. Lynn 115 Falter, Charles E 313 Emory, John K. B 457 Fannon, William F 271 Emory, Richard W 63 Fanseen, James F 269 Emory, Thomas 455 Farlow, J. Franklin. . . . 245 Engerman, William 262 Farmer, R. Watts 266 Englar, Margaret 252 Farr, Robert W 255 Englar, T. S 255 Farrell, John T 251 Ennals, John 451 Faubert, Gustave H.. . 255, 264 Ennals, Joseph 451 Faw, Abraham 465 Ennis, Robert E 293, 308 Fazzalari, Ella 261 Ensor, Leoinel K 262 Fehr, Beatrice 260 Ensor, Lowell 219 Felix, Robert 76 Eppley, Geary F 59 Feltes, Louella H 244,281 Epstein, Sidney 269 Fendall, Josias 448 Erb, E. Lee 239 Fenwick, Ignatius 451 Ervin, James F 266 Ferguson, W. Richard , 126 Estep, Rezin 455, 456 Ferling, Clement J 93 Etchison, Edward Hart 319 Fetrow, Ward 253 Etzler, Norman E 489 Fey, Nyna 124 Evans, Alexander 475 Fields, Daniel 459 Evans, Clifford W 247 Fields, Henry T 306 Evans, Edward N 219 Figge, Frank H. J 65 Evans, G. H., Jr 119 Fike, Olonzo P 259 Evans, Henry C 71 Finan, Thomas B 313 Evans, Leslie H 243 Findley, John V. L 476 Evans, Nancie Ray 313 Fine, Melvin L 46 Evans, Roosevelt 250 Finesinger, Jacob 76 Evans, Willard P., Jr 250 Finney, Gaston C 261 Evans, William 465 Firor, Whitmer B 46 Evans, William J 318 Fischer, Adam 451 Evans, William S 267 Fischer, John H 50, 73, 269 Eveland, John W 241 Fisher, D. K. Este, Jr.. 110 Everd, John M 241 Fisher, Hopkins 254 Everett, Estella 259 Fisher, J. Roger 256 Everhart, George Y 461 Fisher, John C 243 Fisher, Paul W 238 Everngam, G. Gregg 253 Fisher, Russell S 101,268 Everson, Mrs. Clyde L 267 Fisher, William H. . . . 255 Everson, Emma 249 Fitzgerald, E. Franklin 250 Everstine, Carl N 37, 155, 270 Fitzgerald, J. Patrick. . 280 Every, W. Frank 119 Fitzgerald, John P.. . . 159, 170 Eves, Ray W 488 Fitzgerald, Patricia. . . 261 Ewald, William 270 Fitzgerald, W. Stewart. 250 Ewald, William G 98 Fitzhugh, William.... 451,460 Ewalt, Mrs. George L., Jr 65 Fitzwater, Arthur.... 263 524 NAME INDEX

Page Page Flanagan, Sherman E 157n, 181 Freestate, William M 257 Fletcher, Elbert L 73 Freimuth, Henry C 101 Fletcher, John Raymond 132,188,279, 308 French, Jay 264 Fletcher, Paul M 237 Frenkil, James 46 Fletcher, Mrs. Robert S 249 Frey, F. J 73 Flickinger, Geneva Ely 76 Frick, William 462 Flook, J. Ridgley 262 Friedel, Samuel N 277, 294, 300, 309, 478 Flynn, Frank J 309 Friedman, Daniel 268 Flynn, Gately 292 Friedman, Sol J 159, 170, 280 Fockler, George S 242 Friend, Clifford 157, 163, 279 Fogg, Donald E 248 Fringer, David L. B 48, 49 Fogg, George W 59 Frisby, J. Arnett, Jr 64 Foley, John R 239 Frisby, Richard 455 Follweiler, Robert A 117 Fuess, Charles R 265 Fontaine, Edward Lankford 238 Fulker, Raymond A 238 Fontaine, Virginia 253 Fuller, Herbert W 260 Forbes, James 466 Fuller, Regina M 261 Forbush, Bliss 63 Funk, Evelyn Robinson 50 Ford, Alice J 91 Funk, John B 108, 265, 457 Ford, William Clyde, Jr 247, 264 Furie, Robert J 255 Forrest, Benjamin S 459 Forrest, Uriah 454, 466, 472, 472n Forster, Henry W 41 G Forsythe, Wm. H 463 Gabby, Joseph 455 Fort, Alfred M 256 Gaboff, Samuel 269 Fort, Wetherbee 126 Gaines, Clemens W 66, 126 Forwood, John 456 Gaither, George R., Jr 464 Foss, Noel E 59 Gaither, William L 459 Fost, Edward P 245 Galbreath, C. Russell 89, 263 Foster, Delbert T 259, 263 Galbreath, Samuel W 249 Foster, Dorie B 239 Gale, George 465, 472 Foster, Dulaney 268 Gale, John 465 Foster, James W 220 Gale, Levin 474 Foster, Samuel D 262 Gallion, A. Brooke 85 Foster, Vernon R 262 Gallion, Mrs. William E 253 Fowke, William A 265 Galvin, William L 69 Fowler, David 463 Gambrill, Stephen W 477, 478,478n Fowler, Robert 457 Gannon, George E 30, 52 Fowler, Zach 254 Gantt, Benjamin L 461 Fox, Hamilton P., Jr 237 Gantt, John Mackall 462 Fox, James F 491 Gaquin, John 266 Foxwell, Baldwin W 258 Gardenhour, Raymond K 90 Fraley, Lawrence M 319 Gardiner, Mac 45 Fraley, Lester M 59 Gardiner, William 263 Fraley, Louise E 314 Gardner, Robert E 77 Fraley, Neil C 188 Garland, Charles S 102, 134 Frampton, Jerome, Jr 53 Garmatz, Edward A... .277, 292, 299, 305, 478 France, A. M 248 Garner, Donald E 282 France, Joseph 1 472 Garrett, John W 485 Frank, George E 241, 251 Garrett, Robert 85 Frank, Margaret Dambly 50 Garrett, Thomas M 263 Franklin, John R 461, 475 Garrity, Bernard A 43, 313 Frantz, W. R 254 Garvey, William E., Jr 260 Fraser, Mrs. Daniel 258 Gary, Benjamin 33 Frazier, Charles 460 Gary, James A 479 Frazier, John M 461 Gary, James A., Jr 268, 271 Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales 485 Gassaway, John 458 Frederick, Margaret S 74 Gates, Howard E 40 Frederick the Great 485 Gates, L. T 491 NAME INDEX 525

Page Page Gates, Marbery F 266 Goldstein, Louis L 76, 108, 130, 131, 133, Gaudreau, Paul L 110 153, 154, 157, 163, 279, 460 Geary, E. Eugene 316 Golt, Medford 320 Geary, Eugene E 267 Gontrum, John 262 George, Dawson 0 255 Gontrum, John B 188, 456 George, Joseph M 491 Goodman, Gwyn J 314 George, Prince of Denmark 485 Goodman, James W 260 George W. Earl 490 Goodman, Philip Henry 130, 134, 157, Gertz, Rubin 270 163,279 Getty, Gorman E 240 Gordon, Albert S 101 Getty, James S 317 Gordon, Evelyn B 319 Geyer, John C 85 Gordon, Neil 255 Ghinger, John J 271 Gordon, Skipworth 265 Ghiselin, Reverdy 454, 455 Gordy, William S., Jr 458 Gibbons, William L 265 Gore, H. Grady 304 Gibson, Charles H 471, 476 Gore, John W 125 Gibson, Charles R 489 Gorfine, Emanuel 462 Gibson, Daniel Z 219 Gorman, Arthur P 460, 461 Gibson, Joan 261 Gorman, Arthur Pue 471, 471n Gibson, John 451 Gorrell, Willis B 489 Gibson, Matthew 45 Gosnell, Grace V 259 Gibson, William L 246 Gosnell, William 1 48 Giddings, William C 266 Gott, Edwin 456 Gilbert, Bartholomew 15 Gott, J. Wilmer 314 Gilbert, Richard 269 Gough, Harry 246 Gilbert, Richard Paul 269, 279 Gough, Walter T 52 Giles, Frank 280 Gould, William D 242 Giles, William F 475 Gourley, Ashcom 251 Gill, John, Jr 477 Grace, Charles D 125 GiU, Robert R 265 Grafflin, Allen L 65 Gillelan, Charles D 244 Graham, Albert D 270 Gillette, Esther 260 Graham, Charles 465 Gilpin, Joseph 451, 465 Graham, David S., Sr 313 Gingery, Donald E 126 Graham, George A 115 Ginn, Christopher L 122 Graham, J. William 44 Giodano, Agnes L 124 Graham, R. Walter, Jr 270, 271 Gipe, Florence M 59 Graham, Robert P 456, 458 Gittings, John S 457 Graham, William A 73 Glace, Margaret F. Schaeffer 219 Grahame, Charles 451 Glackin, Paul L 315 Granger, William 465 Glass, Ernest 490 Grant, Clarence D 107 Glass, H. Bentley 269 Grant, George C 63 Close, Fred P 79 Grant, Joseph R 252 Glotfelty, Kermit S 160,170, 281 Grant, Robert T 260, 264 Gober, Harold S 118 Grason, C. Gus 463 Goetze, R. Melvin 107 Grason, Powers 265 Golditch, Henry 269 Grason, Richard 462 Goldman, Israel M 74 Grason, William 452 Goldsborough, Brice John 462 Gray, Frank T 36 Goldsborough, Charles 452, 473 Gray, George B 87 Goldsborough, Henry H 459 Gray, James T 280 Goldsborough, Henry Hollyday 458 Gray, John B 188 Goldsborough, Phillips Lee 453, 458, 472 Gray, W. Calvin 265 Goldsborough, Robert 450, 451, 466 Green, Harry J 134 Goldsborough, Robert, Jr 465 Green, J. Garland 315 Goldsborough, Robert, Sr 465 Green, Littleton S 258 Goldsborough, Robert H 467, 470, 470n Green, Randolph 319 Goldsborough, T. Alan 477, 478, 478n Green, Samuel A 239 Goldstein, C Morton 44 Green, Walter L 293, 307 526 NAME INDEX

Page Page Greenberry, Nicholas 449 Hall, Avery W 219 Greene, James J 253 Hall, Benjamin 451^ 465 Greene, Thomas 448 Hall, C. Rogers 244 Greene, Vernon F 73 Hall, Edward 454^ 400 Greenwell, C. Benedict 237 Hall, Edward T 279 Greer, Garland R 237 Hall, Elizabeth W 254 Greer, R. B 489 Hall, Frank 91 Gregory, Mary Hancock 239 Hall, George 134 Gresham, William A 27 Hall, Harry R 85 Grice, Charles 254 Hall, Howard 246 Grier, Calvin T 266 Hall, Howard G 125 Grier, George E 266 Hall, John 450, 451, 451n, 466 Grier, Robert D., Jr 258 Hall, John W 262, 281 Griffin, Charles G 269 Hall, Josias C 454 Griffin, Frank P 313 Hall, Robert M 259,262 Griffin, Leroy M 48, 107 Hall, Roland T 247 Griffith, Ulysses S 266 Hall, Thomas W 455 Griffith, William J 249, 320 Hall, William Purnell 270 Grim, Nell G 261 Hall, William R 82 Grimes, Oscar F., Sr 262 Hallinan, Vincent 297 Griscom, Joseph H., Sr 240 Halpine, C. G no Groff, Henry Allen, Jr 281 Hambleton, Samuel 475 Gronbeck, Gertrude 260 Hamblin, J. Allie 492 Groome, James B 471 Hamill, Patrick 475 Groome, James Black 453 Hamill, Robert B 241 251 Gross, Harry T 313 Hamilton, George E 314 Grove, Ethel 260 Hamilton, Stanley 0 256 Grove, George F 246 Hamilton, William T 453, 471, 475 Grove, Howard J 240 Hammer, Ralph C 79 Grover, Wilbur T 241 Hammett, Louis V 245, 315 Groves, James H 239 Hammett, Mark J 308 Groves, John A 315 Hammond, Charles F 239 Grubb, R. A 254 Hammond, Charles L 240 Gruehn, Herman 134 Hammond, Edward 475 Grumbine, J. Walter 239 Hammond, Edward H 187 Gsell, W. Henry 237 Hammond, George R 259 Guard, Dorsey 252, 263 Hammond, Hall 187, 278, 294, 463, 464 Gude, Adolph E 320 Hammond, Nicholas 465 Gude, Gilbert 134, 160, 170, 281 Hammond, Rezin 451 Guenter, Richard G 280 Hampshire, Paul K 73 Guerin, Paul F 101 Hampton, James 252 Gum, James Wolcott 289 Hance, James E 160, 170, 281 Gundry, Lewis P 117, 123 Hance, Y. D 262 Gunter, William A 53 Hancock, Alex 240 Gustafson, Forest V 266 Hands, Thomas Bedingfield 450 Gutheim, Frederick 266 Handy, Samuel 451 Guttmacher, Mrs. Adolph 74 Haneke, August 270 Guy, C. Bryon 242, 253 Haney, John P iQl Guyton, Garland 490 Hanke, Samuel C 313 Gwin, Mrs. Thomas T 259 Hankin, Michael J 270 Gwinn, Charles J. M 464 Hankinson, Thomas 304 Hanna, Henry H 155, 161, 170, 282 H Hansen, Robert W 75 Hanson, Alexander C 470, 470n, 473-474 Hackney, H. Hamilton 95 Hanson, Alexander Contee 465 Hager, Howard L 318 Hanson, Frank J 268 Hahn, Joseph H., Jr 160, 170, 281 Hanson, John 465, 466 Hakes, Mrs. Jesse F 85 Harbaugh, Arthur C 120 Hales, Frank W 237 Harcum, Harry L m NAME INDEX 527

Page Page Hardester, Allen L 491 Harwood, William 465 Hardesty, Archie H 247 Hassall, Albert R 282 Hardesty, Mrs. David 252 Hastings, J. Walter, Sr.. . 252 Hardesty, R. Bowen 56 Hastings, Rollie W 492 Hardingham, Harry, Jr 491 Haszard, Frank K 59 Hardy, George 69 Hatchett, Truly . .. 159, 171, 280 Harford, Henry 18, 447, 485 Hatem, Thomas J 160, 171,281 Harkins, Richard M 239 Hatter, William J 116 Harkness, David A 237 Hatton, Thomas 448 Harman, George D 115 Haut, Irvin C 59, 89 Harper, Frank 42 Hawken, Ruth 254 Harper, Robert G 470, 470n Hawkins, Earle T 57, 87 Harr, Phil 1 250 Hawkins, Ezelle M 261 Harrington, Emerson C 453, 458 Hawkins, Willard L 250 Harrington, T. Barton 290, 313, 461 Hawtin, F. Walser 245 Harrington & Thompson 241 Hayden, F. D 264 Harris, Benjamin G 475 Hayden, R. Harvey 239 Harris, Bernard 269 Hayes, U. Theodore 36, 47 Harris, Charles D 48, 51 Hayman, Edna Morris . . 250 Harris, Ethel 73 Hayman, Joseph 320 Harris, Frank H 314 Hayward, William 450 Harris, Gwinn 456 Hazard, Norman T 244 Harris, Ida E 317 Hazelwood, George F.. . . 88, 132 Harris, J. Morrison 475 Healy, Joseph P 48 Harris, John H 457 Heaps, Wilson A 134 Harris, Morgan C 188 Heard, Benedict I 456 Harris, Roger B 160, 171, 281 Hearne, H. Milton 254 Harris, S. Fenton 130, 160, 171, 281 Heath, James P 474 Harris, William A., Jr 240 Heathcote, Earl 263 Harrison, Banjamin 454, 465 Hebb, Guy R 492 Harrison, James D 249 Hebb, Victor M 245,317 Harrison, Joseph G 90, 243, 254 Hecht, Samuel 134 Harrison, Levin F 316 Hecker, Edward J 268 Harrison, Mary 252 Hedrick, Thomas H 158, 171,280 Harrison, Merrill L 320 Heider, Carl A 263 Harrison, Paul R 104 Heiselberg, Edward 264 Harrison, Mrs. Robert M 258 Heller, Allen F 257 Harrison, Walter V 270 Heller, L. G 489 Harrison, William 466 Heilman, Claude B 220, 248 Harrison, William C 117 Hemerick, Harry J 318 Harrison, William G 475n Hemsley, William . . .451, 453, 465, 466 Harrison, William Randolph 161, 171, 282 Henderson, George 188 Harrison, Wilson 254 Henderson, Joseph H., Jr. 82 Harry, David G., Jr 249 Henderson, William L.. . . 187, 463 Hart, John 449 Hendler, L. Manuel 63 Hartman, Charles H 242 Henkle, Eli J 476 Hartman, Harry M., Jr 82 Hennegan, James L 189 Hartnett, Bessie C 238 Henrietta Maria 16 Hartwig, Glenn 256 Henry, Daniel M 476 Hartz, Mrs. Roger S. B 268 Henry, Emma Lee 241 Harvey, Alexander, II 36 Henry, H. Wendell 258 Harvey, C. S 261 Henry, John 452, 466, 467, 467n Harvey, C. Willard 490 Henry, John C 456 Harwood, Benjamin 457 Henry, Josiah F., Jr 63 Harwood, Richard 459 Henry, W. Laird 463,476 Harwood, Richard H 455 Henry, W. Laird, Jr 188 Harwood, Richard, of Thomas 458 Henry, William E 55, 73 Harwood, Sprigg 457 Hepbron, James M 28,270 Harwood, Thomas, Jr 457 Hepbron, Laura Lee 242 528 NAME INDEX

Page Page Hepbron, Percy M 242, 253 Hoffa, Arthur P., Sr 86 Herbert, John C 460, 473, 474 Hoffman, H. Lee 82, 85 Hergenroeder, Henry R 270, 294, 309 Hoffman, Henry W 475 Hering, DeVreis R 248 Hoffman, Janet L 33 Hering, Joshua W 458 Hoffman, William Ross 313 Herman, Augustine 15 Hoffmaster, Meredith R 279 Heron, James G 465 Hogg, Joseph S 30 Hershey, Lewis B 266 Hoke, Solomon 262 Hersperger, W. Grafton 126 Holahan, Esther 251 Hertstein, Wilbur S 490 Holland, G. Beverly 316 Hess, Walter Dale 160, 171, 281 Hollingsworth, Henry 465 Hessey, John H 219 Holloway, James Asbury 238 Hesson, Clyde L 248 Holloway, Margaret 0 268 Hetherington, Leon H 66 Holly day, James 450, 465 Hettinger, F. C 88 Holly day, John S 247, 279 Hetzer, C. William 316 Hollyday, Richard C 456 Hewitt, Frank L., Jr 128 Holmes, Dwight O. W 53 Heydecker, Wayne D 131 Holmes, Hattie 261 Heyward, William, Jr 474 Holmes, Ryland L 261 Hibberd, Granville H 74, 89 Holter, Edward F 59 241 Hickman, Russell 0 161, 171, 282 Holton, Hart B 476 Hicks, Mrs. Charles E., Ill 252 Holton, William B 80 134 Hicks, James D 243 Holzer, J. Howard 36 Hicks, Thomas Holliday 452, 456, 470, Hooe, Robert T 451 471, 471n Hooper, Henry 450 Hiester, Daniel 473 473n Hooper, James E 43 Higdon, Thomas L 265 Hoopes, Herbert R 134 Highbarger, Ralph A 122 Hoover, David B 75 Hilgenberg, William F 270 Hope, Philip H 257 Hill, Edward 447 Hopkins, Mrs. John H 253 Hill, John Philip 477^ 477n Hopkins, Johns 22 Hill, Richmond W 256 Hopkins, Samuel 299, 306 Hill, W. Harvey 238 Horigan, Gertrude E 91 Hill, William B 456 Horn, J. E. Kemp 254 Hill, William David 292 Hornbaker, John H 117 Hillen, Solomon, Jr 475 Horner, John M 265 Himelfarb, Frank 257 Horner, John Wesley 281 Himes, Joseph H 57 Horney, William R 188 219 Himler, Henry H 314 Hornstein, Jacob D 280 Hindman, Edward 457 Horsey, D. Ralph 237 Hindman, James 453, 454, 457 Horsey, William 451 Hindman, William. 454, 457, 466, 467, 472, 473 Hospelhorn, John D 38 Hinebaugh, Joseph 279, 490 Hostetler, Alice W 315 Hines, Jesse K 461 Houck, Mrs. Harvey M 252 Hines, John J 313 House, Russell L 247 Hiser, Frank L 266 Houser, A. H 255 Hiser, Fred 83 Hovsepian, Dickran 490 Hitchins, Owen E 34 Howard, Benjamin C 474, 475 Hobart, William L 83 Howard, George 452, 456 Hobbs, Clark S 270 Howard, James 458 Hobbs, Henry 456 Howard, John E., Jr 455 Hoblitzell, Fetter S 461, 476 Howard, John Eager 452, 466, 467, 485 Hockman, Elmer L 491 Howard, L. Claude 244 Hodges, Benjamin 455 Howard, William 318 Hodges, Elmer 263 Howe, Charles H 266 Hodges, William L 159, 172, 280 Howell, Roger 38, 59, 269 Hoff, Charles W 40 Howie, Mary T 70 Hoff, Stanford 42, 157, 163, 181, 279 Hubbard, Ruth Engel 50 Hoffa, Arthur P 488 Hubbard, Thomas J 270 NAME INDEX 529

Page Page Hubner, John 460, 461 Jackson, W. Newton, Jr 282 Hudnet, William M 270 Jackson, William H 476, 477 Hudson, Harry E 245 Jackson, William P 457, 471 Hudson, Rollin C 255 Jacobs, Jesse F 488 Huff, W. J 59 Jacqueth, J. A 253 Huffard, Charles L 262 Jacquette, Charles H., Jr 263 Huffer, Alfred C 240 James 1 16 Hughes, George Raymond, Jr. . . .159, 172, 280 James II 18 Hughes, George W 475 James, Glen T 249 Hughes, Harry R 160, 172, 281 James, Rosa C 74 Hughes, Samuel 451 James, William S 158, 163, 279 Hull, Milbourne 261 Jameson, Thomas J 256 Humberson, Ivan 245 Jameson, William P 252 Humbertson, Arthur H 314 Jamison, Charles H 242 Hunt, Donald H 266 Jamison, J. Vincent, III 57 Hunt, J. William 251 Jamison, T. Worth, Jr 125 Hunt, James C 271 Janetzke, John A 269, 317 Hunt, John J 271 Jankiewicz, Stephen 280 Hunter, Hugh H 42, 134 Janney, Richard W 253 Hunter, Wilbur 271 Jarboe, Wilson M 242 Huntly, A. Braxton, Jr 318 Jarrell, Noble, Jr 251 Hurd, E. Arthur 318 Jarrett, Abram Lingan 458 Hurdle, S. H 255 Jay, Gertrude H 281 Hurdle, Seth H 68 Jeffers, Mark P 490 Hurry, Philip H 320 Jefferson, H. C 85 Hurtt, James F., Sr 263 Jeffrey, George F. S 159n, 180, 317 Hurtt, Julian W 242 Jencks, Francis H 110 Hutchins, Grace Lyons 238 Jenifer, Daniel 474, 475 Hutchins, T. Reid 91, 281 Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas, 450, 459, 465, 466 Huyett, John B 161, 172, 282 Jenifer, Frank L 319 Hyde, DeWitt S., 277, 293, 300, 309, 310, 478 Jenkins, David S 250 Hyson, Claude V 320 Jenkins, Francis 449 Jenkins, Harry T 253 Jenkins, John W . . . .160, 172,281 I Jenkins, Martin D 63, 132 Jenkins, Mary B 248 Iffert, R. E 266 Jenness, Samuel M 250 Iglehart, John L 242 Jett, M. R. Samuel. . . . 269 Ingle, Richard 17, 447 Jett, Page 69 Insley, Wade H., Jr 243 Jewell, John R 158, 163, 279 Invernizzi, Frederick William 187 Jewell, Marie Catherine 315 Irelan, Charles M 242, 293 John, George Bucher . . 243 Ireland, Herbert 318 Johns, James A., Jr.. . . 121 Ireland, Ida B 248 Johnson, Benjamin A. . 463 Irr, Henry P 58 Johnson, Catherine E. . 261 Irving, Levin Thomas Handy 463 Johnson, Guy 130, 160, 172, 281 Irwin, W. A. Clinton 82 Johnson, J. Dorsey.... 262 Ivens, James W., Jr 80 Johnson, J. Julius 260,264 Ivey, John E., Jr 132 Johnson, J. Price 249 Johnson, James M 246 Johnson, John 454, 462, 464 J Johnson, R. H 255 Jackson, Charles S 40, 317 Johnson, R. T 255 Jackson, Dorothy T 159, 172, 281 Johnson, Reverdy. .470, 470n, 471, 471n, 479 Jackson, Elihu E 453 Johnson, Thomas 452, 465, 466, 479 Jackson, Fred A 319 Johnson, Thomas, Jr 450 Jackson, J. Goodloe 248 Johnson, William Cost 474, 475 Jackson, N. Munson 239 Johnson, William F 456 Jackson, Robert R 267, 282 Johnson, William H 82 530 NAME INDEX

Page Page Joiner, W. Paul 160, 172, 281 Kefauver, Estes 302 Jones, Alfred T 240 Keilholtz, Otis 461 Jones, Arnold E 455 Kell, Thomas 464 Jones, Arthur D 80 Keller, C. Z 260, 264 Jones, Arthur F 255 Keller, Charles W., Jr 85 Jones, David L 282 Kelley, Estel C 159, 172, 280 Jones, E. Kennard 253 Kelly, B. Wayne 260, 263 Jones, E. Ray 456 Kelly, Bramwell 101 Jones, Elmer A., Jr 243 Kelly, John R 313 Jones, H. Alvan 126 Kelly, Thomas C 266 Jones, Howard F 489 Kemp, Raymond 263 Jones, Isaac D 464, 475 Kemp, Thomas H 461 Jones, Isaac Thomas 463 Kemp, W. Thomas, Jr 71, 108 Jones, J. Leslie 280 Kemp, William C 244 Jones, Joseph W 317 Kemper, Frederick 313 Jones, Kenneth 71 Kemper, Harry 291, 305 Jones, Lewis R 319 Kennedy, Ambrose J 477, 478 Jones, Mrs. Lewis R 252, 259 Kennedy, Anthony 470 Jones, Omega 261 Kennedy, Mrs. Edward E 253 Jones, Owen H 257 Kennedy, Herbert W 244 Jones, Preston 243 Kennedy, John P 461, 475, 479 Jones, Reginald A 247 Kennedy, Walter E 30 Jones, Robert 266 Kennerley, Harold D., Jr 131 Jones, Spencer C 457, 460 Kenney, Melvin R., Sr 159, 172, 280 Jones, Stephen N 266 Kenny, Stephen J., Jr 313 Jones, Thomas 462 Kent, James 451 Jones, Thomas Elmo 457, 457n Kent, Joseph. .452, 470, 470n, 473, 474, 474n Jones, W. H 265 Kerby, E. Brooke 257 Jones, William L 456 Kerr, John B 475 Jopling, Peter P 249 Kerr, John L 470, 474 Jordan, Jeremiah 451 Kerr, Josiah L 476 Joseph, Nancy Lee 261 Ketchum, Jackson P no Joseph, William 448 Key, Francis Scott 21 Joy, Ethel 261 Key, Philip 460, 472, 473 Joyner, N. Paul 254 Key, Philip B 473 Jump, Dorothy S 254 Keyes, Mrs. Nelson 251 Jump, Giles G 282 Kibbee, Lewis 490 Jump, Robert J 458 Kibler, J. Thomas 242 Kibler, Thomas 134 Kidd, C. Newton 57 K Kidd, Milton Y 426 Kahn, Jerome 107 Kieffer, D. Park 246, 318 Kahoe, Stephen M 247 Kieffer, George S. M 255 Kaiser, David E 114 Kilbourn, E. G 461 Kane, William 280 Kilty, John 454, 458 Kantner, L. M 120 Kilty, William 454 Kaplan, Louis L 59 Kimble, Margaret W 45 Kaplan, Nathan 238 Kimble, Robert B., 48, 157, 163, 279, 309, 310 Katz, Myles 107, 220 Kimmel, William 476 Katz, Sydney 101 Kines, William E 244 Kauffman, David 36 King, Mrs. Arthur 251 Kaufman, Mrs. Frank A 74 King, Arthur R 244 Kay, Ernest E 252 King, Boyd 265 Kay, Thomas N 241 King, David W 248 Kaylor, Joseph F 78, 82, 89, 134 King, Edward S 271 Kaylor, Omer T., Jr 237 King, Harrison C 249 Kearns, Chester M 80 King, James D 263 Keating, Thomas J 458 King, John T 91 Keeley, Charles A 82 King, Julian P 281 NAME INDEX 531

Page Page King, Malcolm E 80 Lancaster, John J., Jr 260 King, Sara M 242 Landy, Melvin B 293 King, Thomas 0 245 Lane, E. Everett 269 King, Willard A 246 Lane, Julian S 255 Kinsmann, Olive D 320 Lane, William Preston, Jr 453, 464 Kintner, Floyd J 188 Lang, George F 102 Kirby, W. Vernon 245 Langenfelder, George H 43 Kirk, Lemual 492 Langford, William E 246, 279 Kirkland, Ira Bird 159, 173, 280 Langsdale, Elizabeth 261 Kirkman, Walter N 57 Lankford, J. Miles 82 Kirkwood, William H., Jr 38 Lankford, Richard E.. . .277, 293, 300, 307, 478 Kirwin, Mary Catherine 315 Lankford, Stanley E 316 Kleger, S. Jack 123 Lansdale, John 256 Klug, Henry 257 Larabee, Robert A 270 Knaack, Alfred 257 Larkey, Sanford V 71 Knode, Charles B 244 Larmore, Milton K 161, 173, 282 Knotts, William H 491 Lashley, Lynn C 251 Knox, Augustus 317, 318 Lastner, Frank J 242, 253 Koegel, Mrs. E. F 253 Latham, A. Clarence 239 Koelber, William H 252 Latham, James C 161, 173, 282 Koger, Linwood 269, 293 Latimer, Randolph B 454 Kohler, John 268 Latrobe, Ferdinand C 461 Kohler, William L 242 Laughlin, Henry 266 Kolb, Stanley Denmead 316 Laukaitis, William F 300, 310 Koller, J. Harry 262 La vine, Bess B 239 Kolmer, Harold Smith 80 Lawder, Robert R 245 Konig, George 477, 477n Lawlor, Kathryn J 188, 281 Kooke, C. A 270 Lawrence, Sir Thomas 449 Koonce, George S 267 Lawyer, Albert 248 Koontz, Elmer C 492 Laynor, Roger V 30 Kovens, Irvin 268 Lazarus, Esther 268 Kraft, Lester 239 Leary, Cornelius L. L 475 Kramer, Helen V 121 Leatherman, John D 314 Kramer, Rose 249 Leaverton, Howard S 246 Kraushaar, Otto F 74 Lebowitz, Melvin 491 Krebs, Clara 253 Lechlider, George 263 Krech, Shepard, Jr 250 LeCompte, Edward W 456 Kreitzer, Chester 491 LeCompte, Walter S 258 Kreykenbohn, William P 245 Lee, Blair 471, 472 Kronmiller, John 477 Lee, Blair, III 161, 173, 281 Kruger, Harry S 310 Lee, E. Brooke 456, 458, 461 Kuhn, Albert L 269 Lee, J. Tyson 57 Kunkel, Jacob M 475 Lee, John 474 Kuper, Mrs. Albert 268 Lee, John L. G 461 Kurtz, Martin G 319 Lee, Kenneth E 307 Kutsch, Louis W 247 Lee, N. Joseph 315 Kutson, C. N 88 Lee, Richard 449 Lee, Robert E 21, 240 Lee, Thomas 453 L Lee, Thomas Sim 452, 453, 465, 466 Lacey, Rush 264 Lefritz, Eugene J 70 Lacy, James J 458 Legates, John S 251, 256 Lafayette [Marquis de] 20 LeGates, John Stanton 241 Laird, Philip D 461 Legg, Eugene Oliver, Sr 242 Lake, Charles M 264 Legg, Frances C 242 Lakin, H. D 262 Legge, John E 117 Lambdin, William K 457 LeGrand, John C 456, 461 Lambert, Arthur G 490 LeGrand, John Carroll 462, 464 LaMotte, Frank L 220, 248 Leitch, John W 257 532 NAME INDEX

Page Page Leitner, E. R 79 Long, J. Dewey 259 Lemmert, William H 240, 251 Long, R. Charles 254 Lenet, Jerome 123 Long, Robert Charles 242 Leonard, William J 458 Long, Willard B 279 Lerner, Guy E 88 Loomis, Lowell 259 Leventhal, Meyer 123 Loose, Frederick Ludwig, Jr 159, 173, 280 Levi, James H 107 Lord, J. Wilson 82 Levin, Albert A 296 Lord, Oscar L 246 Levin, Harry 116 Lord, Oscar L., Sr 318 Levin, Harry 0 132 Lore, Verna B 248 Levin, Hyman 104 Loskosky, Lucy F 241 Levin, Marshall 269 Lottier, Lillian A 73 Levinson, S. Robert 269 Loughran, Jerome A 315 LeVita, Maurice H 40 Louk, Gordon 308 Lewger, John 447 Love, Benedict C., Sr 257 Lewis, David J 477, 478 Love, John 452, 465 Lewis, Edgar M 317 Love, Richard H 282 Lewis, Hazel W 281 Loveless, Ernest A., Jr 161, 173, 282 Lewis, Sylvan S 119 Lovington, Betsy 261 Ligon, Thomas W 475 Lovitt, William V., Jr 101 Ligon, Thomas Watkins 452 Lowe, Carroll 161, 174, 282 Lillard, John F 282 Lowe, Denton S 40 Lilley, Horace B 246 Lowe, Enoch Louis 452 Lilly, Edward L 119 Lowe, Hermus W 243 Lilly, George R 246 Lowe, L. Fulton 492 Limburg, W. L 50 Lowe, Vincent 448 Lindenberg, Richard 75 Loweree, George E 456 Linder, Katheryne C 124 Lowery, William J 491 Lindsay, James J 460 Lowes, Henry 451 Lindsay, Walter 1 247 Lowman, Ralph L 241 Lindsey, Harriette B 250 Lowndes, Lloyd 453 Lindstrom, Joseph 122 Lowndes, Lloyd, Jr 476 Lines, Philip D 80 Lowndes, W. Bladen 85 Linhardt, Elmer 255 Lowery, Stephen 459 Linson, Ellen 267 Luber, John C 76, 130, 133, 153, 154, 159 Linthicum, J. Charles 477, 477n 174, 280, 462 Liss, Solomon 270 Lucas, Fred W 240 Little, Paul M., Jr 244 Lucas, Georgia C 258 Little, Peter 473, 474 Luke, Evelyn C 122 Livengood, Frederick G 249 Luke, Gifford E 122 Livie, Robert Bruce 270 Lum, Roy A 254 Lloyd, Edward. . . .449, 450, 452, 453, 459, 460, Lusby, Edgar D 263 465, 466, 470, 470n, 473 Lusby, Maurice T., Jr 78, 318 Lloyd, Eldridge 314 Lutman, Claude W 249 Lloyd, Henry 453, 459 Lutz, Eugene R 282 Lloyd, James 467, 467n Lynch, Charles B 264 Lloyd, Richard 450 Lynch, Edwin D 238 Lockerman, Arthur J 252 Lyon, I. B 67 Lofstrand, Anders R 279 Lyons, Douglas F 245 Logan, John Wood 34 Lyons, Samuel L 238 Loker, William Alek 65 Loker, William M., Jr 259 Lomax, Calvin G 491 Me Lonergan, Edward R 264 McAllister, Agnes Phelps 238 Long, Alan P 254 McAllister, Ernest A 239 Long, Allen T 242 McAllister, J. Otis 244 Long, Edgar F 59 McAllister, James Otis 249 Long, Edward H. C 475 McAuliflfe, James S 266 Long, Frank Raymond 309, 310 McAuliffe, Paul 134 NAME INDEX 533

Page Page McBlair, Charles H 458 McLaughlin, David K 188 McCabe, J. William 254 McLean, Cornelius 456 McCain, E. Dwight . ... 4 90 McLean, E. Edward 42 McCain, Russell H 28, 101, 108 McLean, W. 0 70 McCallum, Mrs. Ian C 253 McLean, William F 266 McCallum, James A 68 McLhinney, Walter 490 McCarthy, Hannah A 117 McMahan, Vaughan J 266 McCathran, Irving L 491 McManus, Charles E., Jr 98 McCauley, Ralph A 264 McMillin, P. J 70 McClayton, William R 305 McMullen, Hugh A 458 McComas, Louis E 471, 476 McMullen, John 129 McComas, Richard C 247 McNabb, D. Paul 278, 295 McCool, Ralph W 314 McNeal, Edward J 159, 175, 280 McCormick, Arthur D 239 McNeave, J. Fred 318 McCormick, Charles P 58, 270 McNulty, John F 90 McCreery, William 473 McNulty, John F., Jr 313 McCulloh, James W 461 McNutt, Edwin T 90 McCullough, Hiram 461, 475 McQuade, Katherine M 109 McCusker, Joseph O’C 29, 30, 51, 130 McQuaid, Wilfred T 42 McCusker, Philip T 36, 47 McSherry, James 463, 464 McDaniel, S. Arthur 281 McVean, James D 259, 263 McDermott, C. William 247, 313 McVicar, Guthrie J 98 McDonagh, Reed 314 McWilliams, Clarence E 489 McDonald, John 476 McWilliams, William J 457 McDonald, William F 244, 279 McDonough, J. Francis 251 McDougle, Ivan E 63 M McElderry, Hugh 456 MacDonald, Martha Roberts 261 McGeeney, Owen R. E 106 Mace, C. Burnam 237 McGill, James 188 Mace, Henrietta F 252 McGinnis, D. Franklin 295 Mace, John, Jr 255 McGouvan, Isabelle 259 MacGuinness, Alvan G 489 McGraw, Willard G 249 Mach, Joseph V 158, 174, 280 McGuigan, James J 258 Machen, Hervey G 134,161,174, 282 McGuirk, James J 115 Mackall, Benjamin 451, 462 McHale, Michael J 270 Mackall, Benjamin E 456 McHenry, J. A 260 Mackall, John 451 McHenry, James 465, 466, 479 Mackey, Walter J 70 Mclntire, William W 476 Mackie, Clement W 240 McIntosh, David G 461 Mackie, F. Reynolds 160, 174, 281 McIntosh, David G., Jr 460 Macklin, Charles F 458 McIntyre, Ross J 240 Mackubin, George 457 McKaig, William M 476 MacLean, Hall R 279, 319 McKay, James H 271 Macsherry, Clinton K 74 McKee, Arnold B 126 Maddox, Robert K 243 McKee, Claude G 260 Maddrix, George E 246, 320 McKee, E. Austin 264 Maffit, Samuel Snowden 458 McKee, Paul W 88 Magin, George H 281 McKeldin, Theodore Roosevelt. .4, 5, 27, 29, Magin, John 256 112, 130, 132, 133, 137, Magruder, Alexander C 455 169, 275, 289, 317, 453 Magruder, Alexander Contee 462 McKenna, Horace B 220 Magruder, Daniel Randall 463 McKenny, John 456 Magruder, Patrick 473 McKim, Alexander 473 Maguire, John N 159, 174, 281 McKim, Isaac 474, 475, 475n Maguire, Robert G 73 McKinney, William B 242 Mahaffey, William N 491 McLanahan, Samuel 117 Mahoney, George P 289, 298, 303 McLane, Robert M 453, 453n, 475, 476 Mainen, Robert L 268 McLaughlin, D. Kenneth 279 Mainley, Earl 318 534 NAME INDEX

Page Page Maisel, Louis 265 Mass, Samuel 456 Malcolm, Kenneth 248 Massicot, Emma J 319 Malkus, Frederick C., Jr.. . . 154. 157, 163, 279 Masson, Charles A.. 43, 309 Malkus, Milton M 262 Mathews, Aden F 258 Maloney, John T 255 Mathias, Alfred L 251 Manahan, C. Orman 237 Mathias, Charles McC 57 Manakee, Harold R 114 Mathias, J. Wesley 238 Mandel, Marvin 159, 175, 280 Mathias, Joseph L., Sr 489 Mandrell, Carlton 246 Matthews, D. Ernest 89,321 Manley, Michael J 189 Matthews, Eugene P 243 Mann, Dale 261 Matthews, J. Porter 250 Mann, James H 315 Matthews, William 473 Manning, Richard C 114 Mattingly, Joseph A 134, 158, 164, 279 Mannion, John P 52, 53 Mattingly, Joseph C 315 Mannion, Joseph F 40 Mattingly, W. H., Jr 254 Marbury, Charles C 188, 294 Maulsby, Israel D 455 Marbury, Luke 451 Maulsby, William Pinkney 462 Marbury, Ogle 463, 464, 464n Maxey, Virgil 455 Marbury, William L 112 Maxwell, R. Brooke 82 Marcus, Mrs. Richard 53 Maxwell, Roland S 240 Marked, Charles 463, 464 May, Henry 475 Marked, George 254 Mayfield, T. Hunt 242 Marker, Clifford 244 Maynadier, William M 243 Markey, D. John 57, 309, 310 Mead, Robert S 489 Marques, Pedro Menendez 15 Meade, Hugh A 478 Marquess, Elinor J 251 Meagher, William E 243 Marriott, William H 459, 460 Mecredy, James R 125 Marsh, Benjamin F 30 Mediary, George C 77 Marsh, J. T 69 Meeks, H. E 38 Marsh, James T 255 Meese, George D 314 Marsh, Raymond 258 Medor, Benjamin, Jr 256 Marshall, Elisabeth 253 Melnicove, Bernard S 36, 279 Marshall, J. Paul 281 Melvin, Clarence M 245 Marshall, Nellie Marie 268 Melvin, Ridgely P 463 Martenis, Fred B 279 Melvin, Ridgely P., Jr 159, 175, 280 Martin, Daniel 452, 452n, 455 Melvin, Roy S 237 Martin, James 465 Menk, Paul 293 Martin, John S 456 Menser, Harry A 260 Martin, Luther 464, 464n, 465, 466 Mercer, John Francis 452, 465, 472, 472n Martin, Margaret V. M 249 Meredith, Robert C 239 Martin, Paul 244 Mergler, F. Lamar 266 Martin, Robert N 462, 474 Merriam, Lewis 490 Martin, T. Carlyle 250 Merrick, Robert G 265 Martin, Virginia S 261 Merrick, William D 470 Martin, William B 455 Merrick, William M 475 Martin, William Bond 462 Merryman, John 457 Martin, William R 314 Merryman, Lewis C., Sr 294, 295 Mason, Charles 19 Messick, Harry L 282 Mason, Clarence B 282 Messick, J. Wallace 282 Metzger, Mrs. Albert F 71 Mason, Donald W 243 Metzger, Margaret T 281 Mason, E. Paul 189 Meyer, Carl W 85, 266 Mason, George W 75 Meyer, John A 478 Mason, John T 456, 475 Meyerhoff, Joseph 71 Mason, John Thomson 462, 464 Meyers, John J 40 Mason, Norman C 316 Meyers, Wilson William 159, 175, 280 Mason, Ralph L 155, 158, 164, 279 Michael, Charles A 253 Mason, Richard 452 Michael, Okey 488 Mason, Mrs. Samuel, Jr 259 Michaelson, Benjamin 188 NAME INDEX 535

Page Page Michel, Francis A 461 Momberger, Mildred K 27 Miedzinski, Robert 238 Monk, Mrs. Novella 253 Milani, Frank 270 Monroe, Avery C 238 Milanicz, Edward R 158, 175, 280 Monroe, James B 155, 157, 164, 279, 308 Miles, Hooper S., 28, 29, 32, 33, 51, 52, 53, 457 Montayne, Mrs. Carlyle 74 Miles, Joshua W 476 Montgomery, John 464, 473, 473n Miles, W. Ballard 243 Montgomery, Richard 485 Miller, Calvin 248 Monvid, Katherine G 317 Miller, Charles E 249 Moon, Ellsworth G 239 Miller, Mrs. Charles E 172 Mooney, Lawrence R 268 Miller, Clifton M 219 Moore, Charles M 160, 175, 281 Miller, David L 120 Moore, Charles V 279 Miller, Edward T 277, 292, 299, 306, 478 Moore, E. Scott 244 Miller, Edwin H 282 Moore, Emile 491 Miller, F. Grove 281 Moore, George M 309, 310 Miller, Francis 317 Moore, Ira A 241, 252 Miller, Frank W 305 Moore, John K 314 Miller, George M 491 Moore, Nicholas R 473, 474, 474n Miller, Gilbert G 238 Moore, Roy Edward 243 Miller, Henry 269 Moore, W. Britton 245 Miller, Mrs. John 0 250 Moos, Malcolm 317 Miller, Justine 261 Moos, Mrs. Tracy 318 Miller, Marcus W 246 Moreland, George B 266 Miller, Mark K 260,264 Morgan, Lyttleton 64 Miller, Martin K 296 Morgan, William E 279 Miller, Maurice D 492 M orgenstern, Jacob 75 Miller, Oliver 461, 462 Morris, Albert W 116 Miller, Percy 82 Morris, Frank K 117 Miller, R. G 260 Morris, John L 256 Miller, Ralph 252 Morris, W. T 263 Miller, Randall L 82 Morris, Willard A 128 Miller, Richard C 317 Morris, William 465 Miller, Vernon 267 Morrisy, Elizabeth 269 Miller, Mrs. Walter 258 Morsell, John B 279 Miller, William H 121 Moser, Herman M 189 Milligan, George B 456 Mosley, W. Carlos 318 Milligan, Melvin L 252 Motley, Verna 261 Milligan, Ralph C 490 Mount, M. Marie 59 Mills, Herman L 304 Mowbray, Charles W., Jr 258 Mills, J. H 259, 262 Mowbray, Forrest 243 Minke, Joseph A 80 Mowbray, John W 263 Mitchell, Charlotte 261 Moxley, Norman E 242 Mitchell, George E 455, 474, 474n Moxley, Russell 266 Mitchell, H. H 489 Moylan, Charles E 57, 189 Mitchell, Herman H 262 Mrozinski, Benjamin A 158, 175, 280 Mitchell, Mrs. John 259 Mudd, Patrick C 237 Mitchell, Josiah 451 Mudd, Sydney E.. .461, 476, 476n, 477, 477n Mitchell, Noble L 461 Mudd, Thomas B. R 319 Mitchell, R. Lee 490 Mueller, Raymond G 259, 262 Mitchell, Walter H 118 Muir, Edward R 238 Mitchell, Walter J 460, 463 Muir, William E 79 Mixon, Battie 80 Mulieri, B. C. F. (Joe) 308 Moats, Marshall 82 Mullaney, Matthew J 245 Moberley, Ruth 247 Muller, Augustine J 241 Mobley, C. L 133 Mullinix, Roby H 237 Mobley, Charles L 256 Mulrooney, Laura E 320 Moffett, Paul 244 Mundy, Cornelius P 189 Mohr, John J 82 Munroe, Walter C 85 Mol ter, Nelson J 110 Munshower, Elmer F 53, 99, 100 536 NAME INDEX

Page Page Murdock, William.... 465 Nicholson, Joseph H ... 456, 473, 473n Murphy, Bernard 0.. . 249 Nicholson, Joseph Hopper 462 Murphy, Carl J 63 Nicholson, Somerville. .. . 247 Murphy, Charles A. . . 246 Nicholson, William G. .. . 45 Murphy, Fanny B.. . . 245 Niciforo, William J 280 Murphy, Howard H.. . 71 Nicolet, Tell W 267 Murphy, J. Monroe . . 244 Nikirk, Edwin F 314 Murphy, Joseph 247 Niles, Emory H 189, 278, 296 Murray, Daniel 455 Niswander, Paul R 248 Murray, Daniel M., Jr. 160, 175, 281 Nixon, Richard M 297, 298 Murray, James 451, 456, 462 Nixon, William M 260 Murray, John 455 Noble, William D 70 Murray, T. Thornton. 36 Nocerino, Marc A 252 Murray, William Vans. ... 472, 473 Nock, Mary L 158, 164, 279 Musgrave, Thomas A.. 318 Noland, Conlyn E 247 Myers, Allen I 320 Noppinger, Michael A.. . . 106 Myers, Amy A 319 Norfolk, Calvert W 262 Myers, Bessie B 261 Norris, Forbes H 250 Myers, F. Ross 40 Norris, J. Walter 239 Myers, Warren G . . . .259, 263 Norris, James H., Jr 36 Myers, William J 159, 175, 280 Norris, Richard T 247 Norris, Robert V 89 Norris, Willard A 315 N Norris, William H 320 Nabb, James 455 Norris, William I 460 Nagel, C. Brooks 248 North, John-Clarence 130, 158, 164, 279 Nagel, Christian 262 Northrop, Edward S 130, 158, 164, 279 Nally, James B 314 Norton, Raymond F 313 Nathan, Christine H 318 Norwood, Elizabeth F.. . . 121 Naylor, Paul D 82 Nossel, Bernard F 30 Neal, Joseph H 73 Notley, Thomas 448 Neal, Mollie 317, 318 Nowakowski, John J .... 158, 176, 280 Neale, Raphael 474 Noyes, Alfred T 189 Neat, Irvin J 247 Null, Delbert S 241,252 Nelson, John 474, 479 Nuthead, William 18 Nelson, John M., Jr 78 Nuttle, Elias W 248 Nelson, John M., Ill 318 Nuttle, Harry H 59 Nelson, Madison 462 Nutwell, George W 247 Nelson, Roger 473, 473n Nystrom, Paul E 59, 89 Nelson, S. Page 270 Nes, Charles M., Jr 110, 125 Nesbitt, George F 280 o Newcomer, Harry 238 O’Brien, William J ; 476 Newcomer, William 68 O’Connell, Richard C.. . 107,115 Newman, Hoy D 492 O’Conor, Herbert R. . . . 175, 453, 464, 472 Newman, Parsons 118 O’Conor, Herbert R., Jr. 71 Newman, W. R 263 Odend’hall, Fortune 133 Newnam, Howard W 240 O’Donnell, Edward R.. . 490 Nice, Deeley K 189 O’Donnell, James J 106, 108, 109 Nice, Harry W 453 O’Donnell, Louis J 104 Nicholas, Thomas G 115 O’Farrell, Thomas R.. . . 281 Nichols, C. Philip 161, 176, 282 Offut, J. Fred 265 Nichols, Fred Z., Jr 115 Offutt, T. Scott 463 Nichols, Norris N 75 Offutt, Thomas W 47 Nicholson, Sir Francis 449 Ogburn, Dorothy H 254 Nicholson, Herbert K 260 Ogden, Harry F 98 Nicholson, Jesse F 126 Ogle, Benjamin 452,454 Nicholson, Joseph 451, 473 Ogle, Maurice 187 Nicholson, Joseph, Jr 450 Ogle, Samuel 449 NAME INDEX 537

Page Page Ogrinz, Alexander J., Jr 120 Parran, John T., Jr 160,176, 281 O’Hare, George J 491 Parran, Julius 251 Ohen, Meyer M 46 Parran, Thomas 477 Oldewurtel, John A 280 Parran, William Shamwell 314 Olds, George D 267 Parsons, Elton W 250 Oliver, Sidney M 126 Parsons, Lawrence 83 O’Malley, Vincent 257 Partridge, James R 456 O’Malley, Vincent J 313 Pasarew, I. Alvin 85, 106, 108 O’Neal, Thomas H 456 Patterson, Harry F 252 O’Neill, Harry St. A 245 Patterson, Peyton 248 O’Neill, Herman 266 Pattison, John R 463 O’Neill, Howard S 249 Paul, J. G. D’Arcy 271 Onley, Walter T., Jr 316 Paul, Stanley 269 Oppenheimer, Reuben 189 Paul, Wilbert 261 Orban, Anthony P 265 Paulhamus, Jack E 82 Orem, Earl W 249 Payne, Joseph B 160,176, 281 Orem, Nicholas, Jr 128 Payne, Milton A 264 Orme, William S 240 Peabody, Elinor 282 Orr, James 240 Peabody, George 22 Orr, Russell 134 Peach, John W 271 Orth, H. Jewett 262 Peach, Samuel Marvin. . . 57 Osbourne, William L 246 Pearce, James A 470, 470n, 474, 475 Otenasek, Mildred 313 Pearce, James Alfred .... 463 Ott, E. Leland 281 Pearre, A. Austin 66 Ottinger, Paul 245 Pearre, George A 476, 477 Oursler, George A 85, 134 Pease, Charles R 101 Owens, Addison 251 Peddicord, Stephen B.. . . 303 Owens, James S 457 Peeples, Adam 461 Owens, Owain Elliott 239 Peeples, William J 255 Owings, Russell H 247 Penniman, A. L 43 Owings, Samuel, IV 241, 251 Penniman, A. L., Jr 66, 88 Pennington, G. Robert. . . 249 Pepersack, Vernon L 92 P Perdue, Herman E 254 Paca, Aquila 454 Perkins, Clifford 306 Paca, William 450, 452, 454, 465, 466 Perkins, Clifton T 69, 70, 75 Padgett, Russell M., Jr. 267 Perkins, Isaac 465 Page, George W 491 Perkins, Walter F 270 Page, Henry . . .456, 463, 476, 476n Perlman, Philip B 271, 456 Page, Leonard L 280 Perrie, A. Preston 242 Pagenhardt, Stephen R. 237 Perry, C. A 66 Palen, John B. G 281 Perry, Raymond 489 Palmer, Gerald C 255 Perry, Thomas J 475 Palmer, Louis A 266 Perry, William 459 Palmer, Robert I 82 Peter, George 460, 474 Palmisano, Vincent L.. 477, 478 Peterson, Mrs. Duane L.. 134 Pantaleo, Theodore. . . . 264 Petrott, Francis 456,458n Pardoe, Howard J 257 Pfefferkorn, Samuel L.. . . 259 Pardoe, Lawrence W.. . 239 Pfeiffer, Karl E 82 Parke, Francis Neal. . . 463 Pfoutz, Elmer P 248 Parker, Henry S 247 Phebus, Benjamin F 80 Parlett, Leonard 264 Phelps, Charles E 475 Parlett, Ralph 253 Phelps, R. Nelson 89 Parmenter, Mirian F.. . 260 Phillips, George W 104 Parnham, John 451, 465 Phillips, Guy 252 Parr, Bessie W 121 Phillips, Guy R 262 Parr, Joseph T 189 Phillips, Levi, Jr 88 Parr, Nancy A 85 Phillips, N. Carl 247 Parr, William A 83 Phillips, Thomas D 319* 538 NAME INDEX

Page Page Phillips, Walton R 490 Powell, William R 89 Phipps, Louis N 155, 157, 164, 279, 307 Powers, Frank J 50, 86 Phoebus, Harry Thomas, 133, 155, 158, 164, Powers, Frank T 114 279, 306 Prather, Perry F 66, 66n Pickall, A. J 82 Pratt, Enoch 22 Pickett, Raymond L 238 Pratt, Thomas G 452, 456, 470 Piel, Roland S 265 Prescott, Stedman 188, 278, 295 Piel, Vernon L 244 Prescott, Stedman, Jr 36 Pierce, Robert W 88 Preston, B. Burdell 242 Pierson, Leon H. A 42 Preston, Burdell 253 Pietro, Dominic 313 Preston, Jacob A 475 Pilchard, Charles W 240 Preston, James H 461 Pincoffs, Maurice 66, 70 Preston, Thomas Tracey, Jr 315 Pindell, William W 246, 259, 319 Preston, William P 475n Pinder, Earl H 281 Prettyman, Daniel T 237 Pines, Joseph 1 31 Price, Charles Urner 246 Pinkney, Jonathan 456 Price, Jesse D 460, 477 Pinkney, William. .454, 464, 465, 470, 470n, Price, T. Howard 251 472, 472n, 473, 473n, 479 Price, William H 118 Pippin, Thomas Sorden 237 Prideaux, Joshua 455 Pitcher, Paul 244 Primeau, Evelyn R 238 Pittman, M. Luther 268 Prince, Anthony L 317, 318 Pitts, Thomas A 73 Prince, Charles A 280, 317 Plater, George 450, 451, 452, 452n, Prince, David 0 82 459, 465, 466 Prior, Grenfell 73 Plater, Thomas 473 Pritchett, Norman M 101,106 Plitt, August 318 Privette, O. L 261 Plitt, W. Edward 189 Pruitt, Eugene W 250 Plummer, Ella R 239 Pryor, M. Beatrice 254 Plummer, Fermon J 320 Puderbaugh, Frederick A 36 Poe, Edgar Allen 464 Pue, Margaret L 266 Poe, John P 464 Pulaski’s Legion 20 Poehler, Henry 256 Pullen, Mildred H 118 Polk, Josiah 453 Pullen, Thomas G., Jr 52, 53, 132 Polk, Myrtle A 130, 161, 176, 282 Pullman, John 256 Polk, William 462 Pumphrey, Bryan M 91 Pollitt, Jesse Morris 238 Puncke, Martin M 99 Pollock, Morton C 159n, 180 Purcell, Charles W 43 Pollock, Robert C 244 Purdy, Henry H 247 Poison, Garnie A 261 Purkey, John A 280 Pool, W. Roy 239 Purnell, George W 456 Poorbaugh, Earle R 113 Purnell, L. Franklin 31 Porter, A. Warren 490 Purnell, Roscoe 264 Porter, Florence K 239 Purnell, William C 98 Porter, John L 281 Purnell, William Henry 458 Porter, Raughley L 270 Purvis, J. Oliver 69 Porter, Ross G 282 Pusey, J. Frank 250 Porter, Roy D 260 Pyle, J. Freeman 59 Porter, William G., Jr 161, 176, 282 Pyles, Carlton 320 Porterfield, M. C 252 Pyles, Carlton E 126 Potter, Nathaniel 452 Potter, William 455, 456 Potts, Richard 462, 465, 466, 467, 467n Q Powel, William R 263 Quade, Elmer M 281 Powell, Albert M 80 Quade, Mrs. Elmer M 258 Powell, Katherine Trudle 249 Quillin, Benjamin 254 Powell, Royden, Sr 263 Quinlan, William A 266 Powell, Royden N., Sr 491 Quinn, Albert W 27 Powell, Samuel T 490 Quinn, John Randolph 456 NAME INDEX 539

R Page Page Rabai, Louis 107 Reidt, Wallace 74, 91, 95 Rabassa, Albert O.. . . 115 Reinke, Theodore R 249 Radcliff, Harry D 238 Remey, Paulina W 241 Radcliffe, George L.. . 65, 112, 456, 472 Remsberg, Charles H 262 Radcliffe, George W.. . 220 Remsberg, E. Earl 134, 263 Radoff, Morris L 112 Remsburg, A. Doty 89 Raine, John E., Jr.. . . 237 Renn, Auston P 265 Raley, J. Frank 161, 176, 282 Rennie, James G 32, 35, 51, 52, 53, 130 Ramsay, Mrs. John B. 74 Renshaw, Harvey R 320 Ramsburg, Jacob R...... 155, 157, 164, 279 Renshaw, Leonard A 256 Ramsburg, Mehrl H. . 241 Rhoads, Catherine 260 Ramsey, Cecil 82 Rhoderick, George C., Jr 249 Ramsey, Nathaniel. . . 466 Rhoderick, Joseph F 249 Ramsey, Norman P.. . 36 Rhodes, Harry C 250 Ramsey, William T.. . 248 Rhynhart, Allan W 189, 278 Randall, Alexander. . . 464, 475 Ricaud, James B 475 Randall, Blanchard . . 28, 130, 133, 457 Rich, Arnold R 100 Randall, James Ryder 21 Richards, Truman H 244 Randall, John Wirt. . . 460 Richardson, Dean W 264 Randall, Vernon H.. . . 114 Richardson, Donald 252 Rannels, Morris W.. . . 250 Richardson, E. Miller 319 Ransom, Wayne W.. . 50 Richardson, Frederick J 491 Raphael, Henri J 266 Richardson, George R 456, 464 Rapp, Elizabeth C.. . . 252,253 Richardson, Joseph 466 Rash, Joseph H 91 Richardson, Lloyd N 66 Rasin, A. Parks, Jr. . . 320 Richardson, Paul F 321 Rasin, George B., Jr. . 237 Richardson, Robert 280 Rasin, Henry S 246 Richardson, William 452, 457, 466 Ratchford, William S.. 58 Richman, Paul 266 Rawa, Edmund 45 Richmond, Christopher 454 Rawley, John W 270 Rickert, Lome C 267 Rawlings, Daniel 265 Riddick, Albert F 251 Rawlings, Moses 466 Ridgely, Charles 451, 465 Ray, Chester J 158, 176, 180, 269, 280 Ridgely, Charles, of Hampton 452 Ray, J. Enos, Jr 461 Ridgely, Charles, of William 465 Ray, L. S. (Ted) 128, 320 Ridgely, Charles Sterret 461 Rayne, Gorman 254 Ridgely, Henry 454 Rayner, Isidor . . .464, 471, 471n, 476 Ridgely, Richard 466 Reckord, Milton A.. . 28, 96, 458, 458n Ridgely, Ruxton M 99 Redden, Jesse W 119 Ridout, Orlando, III 251 Redden, Layman J.. . 157, 165, 279 Ridout, Orlando, IV 159, 177, 280 Reddick, Robert H. . . 117,281 Ridout, Samuel 454, 455 Redding, Robert B.. . . 266 Riebling, C. Alvin 220 Redmond, Walter I.. . 75 Rieck, Harry H 134, 262 Reed, Bernice H 254 Rifman, Avrum K 38 Reed, Earl S 316 Riggin, E. Layton 161, 177, 282 Reed, Lester B 159, 177, 280 Riggs, Clinton L 458 Reed, Lowell J 112,219 Reed, Philip . .455, 467, 474, 474n Riggs, Lawrason, of J 73 Reeder, Amos E 247, 264 Riggs, William V 282 Rees, Melvin D 253 Riley, Edwin G 255 Reese, J. Morris 73 Riley, Robert H 28, 66, 69, 70, 100 Reese, Melvin L 256, 266 Riley, T. Harry 107 Reeves, John R 457 Riley, William H., Jr 247 Regan, Ethel 260 Rinehart, D. Eldred 44, 317 Reichelt, Herbert W. . 242 Ringgold, Homer 254 Reick, Harry H 89 Ringgold, Homer C 79 Reid, John C 257 Ringgold, Roger C 316 Reid, William J 317,318 Ringgold, Samuel 473, 474 540 NAME INDEX

Page Page Ringgold, Thomas 451, 465 Rossee, Mrs. Ina L 251 Ringgold, William 451 Roth, Ervin A 241 Ringler, Walter S 44, 321 Rothenhoefer, Robert S. . 36 Ripley, Ralph P 45 Rouse, Willard G 51 Ripperger, Henry J 268 Routzahn, C. O 265 Risley, Charles Elliott 161, 177, 282 Rouzer, Charles M 254 Ritchie, Albert C 453, 464 Rovelstad, Howard 59 Ritchie, Charles 252 Rowland, Edward L. . . . 238 Ritchie, John 463, 475 Royer, Earl 255 Robbins, M. Baker 241 Royer, William E 253 Robert, John E., Jr 259 Royston, Carroll W 241,265 Roberts, C. Edwin 317 Ruark, Elmer F 267 Roberts, Charles B 464, 476 Ruark, Hobart 252 Roberts, Charles Boyle 463 Rubenstein, Leon A 270 Roberts, Elaine W 280 Rubin, Gilbert V 313 Roberts, Eugene Bowie 307 Rudasill, Lewis S 80 Roberts, Fletcher 320 Rudy, W. Dana 106 Roberts, James 455 Ruhl, Harry C 96, 115 Roberts, W. Frank 98 Ruhl, Levering V 244 Robertson, Earl C 251 Rumsey, Benjamin 450, 462, 463, 466 Robertson, Gaylord 82 Rumsey, William 451 Robertson, June 260 Runge, George, Jr 260 Robertson, R. Harlan 254 Rusk, Anna S 248 Robertson, Richard J 83 Rusk, Harry W 476 Robey, Frank C 268 Russell, Harry S 256 Robins, James B 245 Russell, May 65,250 Robins, Stanley G 247 Russell, Nina 50 Robinson, Clayton R 253 Russell, P. L 254 Robinson, Jerome 134, 155, 159, 177, 280 Russum, George Mitchell 463 Robinson, John Mitchell 462, 464 Ruth, Elbert B 65 Robinson, Julius P 296, 310 Rutherford, John O 268 Robinson, Pere 457 Rutledge, J. Charles. . . . 246 Robinson, Thomas 317 Ryan, Edward J 277, 293 Robinson, Thomas H 464 Ryan, Hubert 489 Robinson, W. L 266 Ryan, Hubert R 265 Robrecht, Phillip 50 Ryan, James E 490 Roche, Patrick J 107 Rymland, Murray J 107 Rodgers, Thornton 490 Ryon, James P 91 Roe, Dudley G 478 Ryon, Roland R 491 Roe, Dudley George 299, 305 Rysanek, Mrs. W. J., Sr.. 269 Rogers, Francis M 259, 262 Rogers, Henry 269 Rogers, John 453, 466 Rogers, John G 463 s Rogers, Robert Sherrill 220 Sagan, Marc 82 Rogers, William C 271 Sahn, M. Katherine 47 Rogers, William C., Sr 74 St. Clair, W. V 263 Rohlfing, Wilfred S 310 Sanders, Elizabeth 45 Roll, Benjamin R 116 Sanders, Francis W 246 Rollins, Edward D. E.. .219, 256, 276, 290, 464 Sangston, Laurence P 109 Roman, J. Dixon 475 Sanner, Wilmer 266 Romino, Imogene 261 Sapp, William 264 Roney, J. Albert, Jr 237 Sapperstein, Lawrence A 280 Rosen, Leonard 270 Sappington, Thomas 459 Rosenbaum, Charles H 107 Sartorius, N. E., Sr 255 Rosenthal, Earl 1 36, 159, 177, 181, 280 Sartorius, Norman E., Jr 117 Rosner, Adolph 269 Sasscer, Agnes C 65 Ross, David 466 Sasscer, Lansdale G 303, 460, 478 Ross, Jean A 260 Sasscer, Lansdale G., Jr 161, 177, 282 NAME INDEX 541

Page Page Sattler, Mrs. G. William 258 Sellman, John 459 Saul, Milton H. F 280 Seltzer, Morris 1 122 Saulsbury, A. Orrell, Jr 248 Semmes, Benedict 1 460 Saunders, Gordon L 80 Semmes, Benedict J 474 Saunders, John S 458 Semmes, Samuel M 462 Sause, Milton P 118 Semmes, Thomas 451 Scarfif, G. Ross 281 Seney, John 465 Schaden, Harold E 118 Seney, Joshua 466, 472, 472n Schaefer, Louis 461 Seraphine, Virginia 280 Schaefer, William D 270 Serviss, Robert L 33 Schaeffer, Sterling R 116 Sessions, Bernice B 242 Schafer, Elwood E 104 Seth, Joseph B 460, 461 Scharf, Mrs. John G 249 Seth, W. Andrew 237 Scheffer, Dale E 80 Sevan, Ruth M 257 Schenker, Samuel 317 Sewall, Charles S 474, 475 Scherr, Stanley 269, 317 Sewall, Nicholas 448 Schiadaressi, Angelo 91 Seward, Paul H 83, 256 Schillinger, John 91 Sewart, Niven E 239 Schilpp, John G 58 Sewell, Mrs. Arthur 220 Schirm, Charles 476 Sewell, Chester L 83 Schlosser, Henry W 82 Sewell, Claude F 240 Schlossnagle, Clark 263 Sewell, Nicholas L 465 Schluderberg, William F 134 Sewell, Pinkney 318 Schmick, John T 318 Sewell, Webster 76 Schmidt, Oscar, Jr 263 Seymour, Charles A 316 Schmidt, William S 250 Seymour, John 449 Schmitz, F. Lee 101 Shaaff, Arthur 454 Schmucker, Samuel D 463 Shackelford, William T., Jr 58 Schnauffer, Patrick M 188 Shafer, Howard G 281 Schnebly, Henry 451 Shaffer, Carl W 243 Schnure, F. 0 248 Shank, Earl S 490 Schochet, G. S 255 Shank, Edward L 240 Scholtz, Carl 50 Shank, Jesse 245 Schone, Charles B 57 Sharpe, Horatio 19, 449 Schonfield, Simon 269 Shaughnessy, LeRoy C 268 Schreiber, Robert F 239 Shaw, Daniel W., Jr 492 Schriver, David 451 Shaw, Frank T 476 Schroeder, Florence 249 Shaw, Harry B 57, 128 Schueler, C. Lyman 269 Shaw, Henry B 134 Schuerholz, Louis R 31 Shaw, James 455, 465 Schukraft, Richard C 260 Shaw, John K., Jr 57 Schular, Frances M 241 Shawn, Wendall 253 Schultheis, Jack V 88 Sheckells, J. Allen 239 Schwartz, Grace E 75 Sheehan, Robert Joseph 309 Schwarz, Harry W 251 Sheffield, Wilbur F., Jr 244 Schweinhaut, Margaret C 161, 177, 281 Shehan, Wm. Mason 463 Scott, Charles M 266 Shepherd, L. Widerman 262 Scott, E. Walter 242, 263 Shepherd, Peter 451 Scott, George 451 Sheppard, Robert C 101 Scott, Gustavus 451, 466 Shepperd, Douglass 69 Scott, Otho 455, 456 Shepperd, J. Bradley 246 Scott, William H 258 Sheredine, Upton 451, 472 Scrivner, DeLancey B 46 Sheridan, Charles L 242 Seabold, G. William 122 Sherman, David 313 See, Charles M.. .58, 157n, 159, 177, 180, 280 Sherwood, Arthur W 277, 293 Seidenzahl, August T 96 Sherwood, Donald H 102 Selby, Ruth 252 Sherwood, John R 269 Sellers, Edgar E 314 Sherwood, John W 85 Sellers, Lawrence 314 Sherwood, Marion B 492 542 NAME INDEX

Page Page Shields, George B 80 Slider, Ernest R 261 Shilling, Hans C 282 Sloan, D. Lindley. . . . 133, 463, 464 Shilling, James E 241 Sloan, David 251 Shipferling, George E.. . 75 Sloan, Melvin S 243 Shipley, A. Earl 95,241 Smalkin, H. Richard. . 189 Shipley, Angela M 121 Small, Frank, Jr 28, 106, 277, 293, 300, Shipley, Frank E .... 158, 165, 279 308, 478 Shipley, Harry B 266 Small, Grover Lee. . . . 245 Shipley, Myrtle S 293 Small, Solomon 321 Shockley, A. Clyde 316 Small, Solomon J 245 Shoemaker, Erman A.. . 237, 318 Smallwood, William. . 452, 459 Shoemaker, H. Reese, Jr. 244 Smelser, Charles H.. . 134, 160, 178, 281 Shoemaker, Henry R.. . . 259, 262, 263 Smith, Barnard I 267 Shook, Frank C 239 Smith, Blair H 237 Shores, Robert Lee 79 Smith, Carroll C 160, 178, 281 Shower, Jacob 475 Smith, Clyde W 265 Shreve, Arthur L 98 Smith, David 246, 451 Shriner, George D 117 Smith, Dudley 91 Shriver, George M., Jr. . 244 Smith, Edward J 244 Shriver, John S 38 Smith, Elizabeth G. . . 71 Shriver, Samuel H 281 Smith, Mrs. Eugene. . 259 Shriver, Woodrow A. . . . 46 Smith, Floyd 490 Shrop, T. R 255 Smith, Frank O 477 Shryock, Henry 466 Smith, Helen I 260 Shryock, Thomas J 457 Smith, J. Bond 126 Shuger, Albert A 44 Smith, J. Lee, Jr 244 Shults, Harold K 262, 489 Smith, Jesse C 219 Sickles, Carlton R 161, 178, 282 Smith, John 15, 452, 459 Siebert, J. Harold 243 Smith, John Lee, Jr.. . 281 Sigler, G. Neilson 280 Smith, John M 258 Silbermann, Henry 88 Smith, John W 476, 476n Silfies, Harry S 267 Smith, John Walter. . 453, 460, 471, 472 Silk, James J 158, 178, 280 Smith, Joseph W. T.. . 237 Silver, Edgar P 159, 178, 280 Smith, Karl 262 Sim, Joseph 453 Smith, Kermit F 124 Simmel, Vincent A 491 Smith, Lathrop 263 Simmers, Harvey E 241 Smith, Lathrop E 249 Simmons, Thomas W.. .. 456 Smith, Leon P 59 Simms, Ralph L 265 Smith, Leonard 246 Simon, Edward J 117 Smith, Lewis C 461 Simons, Lawrence F 243 Smith, Margaret 261 Simpkins, Lloyd L 155, 161, 178, 282 Smith, Marion deKalb 458 Simpson, Leonard G. . .. 491 Smith, Marvin H 318 Simpson, Vivian V 457 Smith, Mary H 316 Sims, B. Frank 257 Smith, Michael P 188 Singewald, Joseph T., Jr. . .78, 85, 106,134 Smith, Milton A 266 Sinn, Walter E 57 Smith, Robert 479 Sites, Mrs. Douglas 319 Smith, Ross V 249 Six, Donald E . . . .160, 178, 281 Smith. Russell P., Jr.. 134, 489 Skeats, Elizabeth 261 Smith, Samuel. . 467, 470, 472, 473, 474, 474n Skeels, Harold M 76 Smith, Thomas A 477 Skordas, Gust 112 Smith, Mrs. W. Cash 252 Slaughter, Emory W.. . . 254 Smith, W. Everett 279 Slaughter, H. T 254 Smith, Walter 465 Slaughter, H. T., Jr 242 Smith, Mrs. Walter A., Jr 253 Slaughter, Harry D 257 Smith, William 466, 472 Slaysman, Sadye B 317 Smith, William V 244 Sleeth, A. Catherine. . . . 280 Smith, Winford H 69, 70 Slicher, James P 35, 51 Smouse, Vernie R 238 NAME INDEX 543 Page Page Smyth, Thomas 450, 451 Startt, Ruth R 238 Snead, D. Franklin 116 Stasiek, Henry 83 Snively, D. Raymond 78 Staszak, Joseph J 269 Snook, Harry C 242, 254 Staten, Roy Neville 159, 178, 281 Snure, Robert T 242 Stebbins, Ernest L 70, 76 Snyder, Charles A 313 Steele, John N 455, 474 Snyder, Charles F 268 Steele, Raymond E 249 Snyder, Forest B 246 Steever, M. D 267 Snyder, G. Merlin 237 Steffens, Dietrich H 243 Snyder, Henry 459 Steger, Joseph M . . . .259, 261 Snyder, Hubert 1 265 Stegman, Dorothy B 319 Sobeloff, Simon E 463, 464 Stegman, Edward J 119 Sodaro, Anselm 268 Steinberg, S. S .59, 106, 125 Sellers, Augustus R 475 Steiner, Anton W 264 Somerset, Mary 485 Steiner, Richard L 57 Sondheim, Walter, Jr 50, 98, 269 Steiner, William F 93 Sothoron, L. Harold 315, 460 Stem, William F 281 Sothoron, L. J 65 Stemple, Robert W 252 Sparkman, John J 297 Stephen, John 455, 462 Sparks, E. Clyde 315 Sterett, Samuel 472 Spear, Clarence 314 Sterling, Elmer W 320 Speicher, Charles M 33 Sterling, Elwood, Sr 242 Speicher, Ross 249 Sterling, J. Herman 245 Spence, Ara 462 Sterling, Raydie James. . 282 Spence, John S 470, 470n, 474 Sterling, Robert W 250 Spence, Thomas A 475 Sterling, William O. E.. . 242 Spencer, Albert W 280 Steuart, William 455 Spencer, Hugh R 100 Stevens, A. Hartley, Jr.. . .161, 179, 282 Spencer, Richard 474 Stevens, Howard R 243 Spencer, William 459 Stevens, J. Thomas 315 Spicer, Leon 83 Stevens, John 465 Spitz, Hillel 259 Stevens, John H 240 Spitznas, James E 53 Stevens, Robert A 263 Spoerlein, Randall 262 Stevens, Samuel, Jr 452 Sponseller, Donald C 237 Stevens, William 448 Sprague, Thomas B 268 Stevenson, Adlai E 297 Sprigg, Michael C 474 Stevenson, Hugh 239 Sprigg, Osborn 451 Stevenson, James G 240 Sprigg, Osborne 465 Stevenson, John 451 Sprigg, Richard 462 Stewart, A. Charles .... 70, 238 Sprigg, Richard, Jr 472, 473, 473n Stewart, Arthur B 85 Sprigg, Samuel 452 Stewart, David 470 Sprigg, Thomas 466, 472, 473 Stewart, James A 475 Spriggs, Walter B 280 Stewart, James Augustus 462 Spry, Robert Z 260 Stewart, John 70, 465 Stafford, Clifford L 314 Stewart, William A 461 Stafford, Z. H 242 Stine, Floyd E 490 Stine, Hubert P 243 Staggers, John W 308 Stinnett, Wesley 489 Staley, Donald K 257 Stockbridge, Enos S. . . . 28, 59, 91 Stamp, Adele H 59 Stockbridge, Henry 463 Stanley, Charles H 458 Stockbridge, Henry, Jr. . 476 Stansbury, B. Howard 51 Stockman, Donald E.. . . 244 Stansbury, Tobias E 460 Stockslager, Herbert L. . 250 Stansfield, Robert E., Jr 260 Stoddert, Benjamin 455, 479 Stant, Howard 253 Stoddert, Benjamin C.. . 454 Stant, Howard J 263 Stoddert, John T 474 Stanton, Guy S 252 Stoker, Mrs. D. Lloyd. . 258 Stapleton, Edward G 250 Stone, Elmer A 250 544 NAME INDEX

Page Page Stone, Ernest L 242 Sydnor, Giles 258 Stone, Frederick 463, 475 Syester, Andrew K 464 Stone, John H 452, 453, 454 Symons, T. B 59 Stone, Michael J 465 Stone, Michael Jenifer 472 Stone, Thomas 450, 465, 466 Tailler, Thomas 448 Stone, Vernon 267 Talbot, George 448 Stone, William 18, 448 Talbot, Grace 486 Stone, William B 462 Talbot, J. Fred 476 Stone, William F., Jr 125 Talbot, J. Fred C 476, 477, 477n Stone, William S 59 Talbott, W. Charlton 117 Stonestreet, Nicholas 460 Taney, Roger Brooke 464, 479 Stoops, John 455 Tankersley, Ruth McCormick 53 Storm, Edward D 279 Tasker, Benjamin 449 Storm, William M 57 Tate, James C 310 Stouffer, Ardath 261 Tawes, J. Ellis 161, 179, 282 Stouffer, Brewer L 316 Tawes, J. Millard. .28, 29, 30, 32, 40, 52, 53, Stout, Merrell L 50 112, 219, 276, 291, 458 Stover, W. Dwight 241 Tawes, John P 28, 78, 79, 88, 131 Stowell, John, Jr 489 Tawney, Chester W 305 Straus, Rayner 271 Tawney, Lewis S., Sr 124 Strauss, Isaac Lobe 464 Tawney, Lewis Selby, Jr 159, 179, 280 Stravinski, Carl 82 Taylor, Charles K 492 Stromberg, Harold J 239 Taylor, Harry E 282 Stuart, Philip 473, 474 Taylor, Irving 76 Stuart, William R 459 Taylor, J. Hugh 33 Stubbs, J. Norman 489 Taylor, J. R 261 Stull, John 451, 466 Taylor, Rex. A 188, 278, 294, 295 Stump, Herman 476 Taylor, Theodore H 30 Stump, Herman, Jr 459 Taylor, William E 281 Sulin, Victor 245 Tayman, Arthur W 267 Sulivane, Daniel 465 Templeton, Furman L 74, 134 Sulkie, Thomas A 266 Tench, Thomas 449 Sullivan, Abbie M 30 Tennison, T. Sterling 239 Sullivan, Douglas M 491 Terrell, William 253 Sullivan, Francis J 75 Testerman, Gale W 491 Sullivan, Fred J 280 Teter, Harry 70 Sullivan, John L 241 Thawley, Wesley E 241 Sullivan, Stanley E 253 Thayer, R. Thomas, Jr 82 Sullivan, William A 47 Thom, J. Pembroke 461 Sump, Sister Katherine Marie 121 Thomas, Basil A 309 Sunderland, Benjamin A 248, 262 Thomas, Bernard 0 57 Susemihl, Louis 265 Thomas, Clarence C 57 Sutherland, George F 75 Thomas, Francis 452, 461, 474, 475 Sutton, James T 320 Thomas, G. Edward 249 Sutton, Martin L 314 Thomas, Howard E 248 Sutton, S. B 260 Thomas, James 452, 454 Swain, Robert L 219 Thomas, James B 252 Swann, Mrs. Herbert 251 Thomas, John 459 Swann, Ruth M 315 Thomas, John C 473 Swann, Thomas 452, 475, 476 Thomas, John L., Jr 475 Swartwout, John A 117 Thomas, M. Charlotte 280 Swartzentruber, Harvey D 241 Thomas, Martha Jean 261 Swing, D. Thompson 489 Thomas, Nicholas 450, 451, 460 Swing, James P 258 Thomas, Philip Francis.. 452, 457, 471n, 475, Swipp, Stanley W 491 476, 479 Swiss, Edward Paul 244 Thomas, Ralph L 73, 98 Sybert, C. Ferdinand. .28, 36, 130, 133, 276, Thomas, Richard 459, 461, 466 290, 462, 464 Thomas, Thomas S 456 NAME INDEX 545

Page Page Thomas, William 459 Truitt, Alfred T 267 Thomas, William E 240 Truitt, Handy 321 Thomas, William H 463 Truitt, Handy B 245 Thompson, Byron W 241 Truitt, John 265, 314 Thompson, George H 282 Truitt, R. V 132 Thompson, H. George 264 Truitt, Valentia D 492 Thompson, J. Elmer, Jr 242 Trussed, A. L 122 Thompson, J. West, Jr 245 Truxal, Andrew Gehr 219 Thompson, J. West, Sr 253 Truxon, Ruth J 261 Thompson, Leroy J 246 Tschudi, Harold 70 Thompson, M. Chapman, Jr 256 Tuck, William H 461 Thompson, P. Roscoe 320 Tuck, William Hallam 462 Thompson, Pearl G 248 Tuerk, Isadore 78 Thompson, Philemon H 257 Tull, Clarence R 271 Thompson, Philip 263 Tull, Miles T 456 Thompson, Robert C 49, 53, 76 Turks, William N 317, 318 Thompson, Roland C 314 Turnbull, John Grason, 134, 154, 157, 165, 279 Tibbitts, Lawrence 266 Turner, Albert D 491 Tichnell, Fred 256 Turner, Benjamin W 240 Tiernan, Luke 456 Turner, C. Rutledge 47, 319 Tilghman, Edward 465 Turner, Edward 277, 292 Tilghman, James 450, 451, 462 Turner, Edward J 281 Tilghman, James, 3rd 465 Turner, Ethel 69 Tilghman, James R 316 Turner, Henry P 237 Tilghman, Matthew. .450, 451, 459, 460, 466 Turner, J. Frank 458 Tilghman, Oswald 456 Turner, James 474 Tilghman, Mrs. W. David 74 Turner, Naomi 261 Tilghman, William 465 Turner, Robert E 266 Timberlake, Hattie T 252 Turner, Samuel 456 Timmons, W. Earl 247 Turner, Zephaniah 465 Tingley, Helen C 75 Turney, Roy C 239 Tippett, William T., Jr 189, 301 Tuttle, C. Ewing 59 Tipton, Mrs. William D 251 Tydings, Joseph D 160, 179, 281 Tisdale, Ellis S 132 Tydings, Millard E 461, 472, 477 Todd, A. Webster 241 Todd, George W 78 Todd, Myrtle 254 u Todd, Oliver N 489 Uhl, Adam G 35 Tolson, Carroll F 280 Uhlenhuth, Eduard 65 Toms, Herman 82 Umbarger, Joseph Y 263 Torvestad, John N 308, 491 Umbarger, Worley N 263 Touchton, Mrs. N. R 252 Umstead, Stanley L 490 Toula, Jerry 299, 306 Upole, Elmer H 82 Towner, Lester N 78 Upshur, George M 461 Townsend, W. Harrison 240 Urban, Joseph A 158, 179, 280 Townshend, William W., Jr 313 Urner, Francis H 257 Trail, Irwin P 258 Urner, Hammond 463 Travers, William H 461 Urner, Milton G 476 Treacy, William 0 246 Utterback, Gary L 160, 179, 281 Tresselt, Franklin 87 Trimble, Ernest C 244 Trimble, Ernest G 313 V Trimble, I. Ridgeway 70, 98 Vanderford, W. B 260 Trimper, Daniel, Jr 492 Vandergrift, Howard 256 Trippe, James McC 461 Vandiver, Murray 457, 461 Trost, Lillian Hoshall 50 Vane, Bessie D 279, 317 Trout, Gilmore C 490 Van Horn, R. Lee 242, 315 Troxeli, Hugh K 240 Van Horne, Archibald 460, 473 Troy, Chester A 50 VanMeter, J. French 239 546 NAME INDEX

Page Page Vansant, James, Jr 251 Walter, Carl L 247 Vansant, Joshua 475 Walters, Elmer E . . .158, 179,280 van Strien, Ton 255 Walters, George D 80 Vaughan, Mrs. Lawrence 253 Wannen, Carl L 101 Vaughn, Ernest A 78, 80, 88 Warburton, Mrs. Henry A., Jr 258 Veazey, Thomas W 452, 456 Ward, Albert W 34, 52 Veney, Lawson J 73 Ward, Anna D 50 Venze, Martin 280 Ward, David J 478 Verrazano, Giovanni da 15 Ward, Hugh W 255 Vessey, William G 282 Ward, Jarrett M 114 Vestal, Thomas F 67 Ward, John J 256 Vickers, Bartos 0 238 Ward, Joseph S 320 Vickers, Mrs. Charles 254 Ward, Nancy S 115 Vickers, George 471 Ward, Wade D 237 Vidor, Franz 270 Ward, Warren 240 Vinyard, Lee C 247 Ward, William H 455 Virgin Mary 485 Warden, James C 132 Virts, C. Clifton 160, 179, 281 Ware, Elias 461 Vitteck, Frank J 265 Warfield, Edwin 453, 459 Voekel, Fred 265 Warfield, Henry 474 Voelker, Charles 40 Warfield, Henry M 458 Voit, Harold L 257 Warfield, Henry R 474 Volkart, E. Pershing 253 Warfield, LaRue H 319 von Hofen, Pauline 241 Warfield, Thurman R., Sr 263 Voshell, B. C 267 Waring, Malcolm W Ill Votta, John J 315 Warner, Elizabeth M 243, 256 Voyce, William E., Jr 107 Warner, George C., Jr 320 Warner, James E 254 Warnken, S. Ralph 189 w Warren, Claude 491 Wachter, Ellis C 237 Warren, John 80 Wachter, Frank C 476, 477 Warrenfeltz, Frank 320 Wachter, Merhl F 319 Warthen, W. H. F 254 Wade, Calvin 0 159, 179, 280 Washington, George 20,486 Wade, Frank B 248 Washington, George C 456, 474 Wade, Wilber C 264 Wason, Robert 456 Wade, William B., Sr 248 Waters, Virgie 124 Waesche, F. S 255 Waters, William S 461 Waggaman, Henry 465 Watkins, Ben H 491 Wagner, George C 305 Watkins, Clayton K 237 Wagner, Philip 271 Watkins, George 269 Walbert, Edwin 315 Watkins, J. Wesley 458 Waldenberger, Louis J 266 Watkins, John N 456, 458 Walker, Alonsita 292 Watner, Abraham 47 Walker, Mrs. Curtis 53 Watson, Ella 317 Walker, Grover K 242 Watson, Gilbert L 281 Walker, J. Forest 315 Watson, Joseph H 117 Walker, J. Grahame 242 Watson, M. Elwood 321 Walker, Mary Ida 256 Watson, William H 461 Walker, W. Desmond 80 Watts, Robert T 269 Wallace, Charles 454 Watts, Spencer R 101 Wallace, Robert A 281 Watts, Theodore F 256 Walls, E. Clyde 238 Waxter, Thomas J. S 28, 69, 71, 74, 76 Walsh, Maurice E 123 Weagly, Roy C. F 89 Walsh, Paul J 265 Weamert, James A 260 Walsh, Thomas Yates 475 Weant, Edward O 252 Walsh, William 476 Weatherholt, F. Allan 313 Walsh, William C 463, 464 Weaver, W. Merval 252 Walston, E. Landon 314 Webb, Oscar E., Jr 57 NAME INDEX 547

Page Page Webb, W. Waverly 237 Wheeler, William L 489 Weber, Edwin C 88 Whipp, Roscoe 260 Weber, George 0 59 Whitby, Elmer 253 Weber, William H 99 White, Andrew, Father 16, 17 Webster, Earl W 316 White, Edward Homer, Jr., 98, 130, 134, 161, Webster, Edwin H 459, 475, 475n 180, 282 Webster, Johnson H 104 White, Hugh A 315 Webster, Ralph R 250 White, Jerome 448 Webster, S. Earl 120 White, John S 307, 462 Weddle, C. Ray 490 White, Lucius R., Jr 110, 125 Weeks, H. M 490 White, Malcolm 266 Weems, George J 314 White, Margaret 260 Weems, John C 474 White, Raymond E 315 Weems, William L 279 White, Willis H 52 Wehland, Rudolph H 246 Whitehorn, John C 76 Weidemeyer, C. Maurice 279 Whitehurst, Mrs. John L 58 Weidma, Duke 264 Whitelock, Ben 245 Weidorfer, Paul J 115 Whitmore, John M 159, 180, 280 Weigle, Richard D 112, 219, 248 Whitsitt, A. F 255 Weiner, Abe 249 Whittington, Golda B 250 Weiner, Joseph D 47 Whyte, Violet Hill 73 Weinroth, James 157, 165, 279 Whyte, William Pinkney. .453, 453n, 458, 464, Weisel, Daniel 462 471, 471n, 475n Weisgal, Fred E 809 Wible, John M 257 Weiss, Harvey 69, 70 Widdowson, Paul M 243, 254, 264 Welch, Fannie M 319 Widener, John C 79 Welch, Joseph 240 Wier, Henry 265 Weller, Ovington E 472 Wiesand, Vernon 269 Wellington, George L 471, 476 Wigginton, Robert 250 Wells, Genevieve H 281 Wigley, Henry C., Sr 241 Wells, George 459 Wilce, James C 83 Wells, Herbert W 126 Wiles, Raymond 82 Wells, James 1 321 Wilhelm, Paul 319 Wells, S. R 255 Wilkins, J. Richard 280 Wells, William A 489 Wilkinson, Charles N 240 Welsh, James F 51 Wilkinson, Earl H 246, 320 Welsh, James J., Jr 269 Wilkinson, John N., Jr 490 Welsh, William R 45 Wilkinson, Joseph 465 Welty, Louis S 255 Wilkinson, Lloyd 461 Wenesberg, Harvey H 265 Wilkinson, Perry 0 155, 161, 180, 282 Werner, Bernard L 271 Wilkinson, Sally 266 Werner, Stella B 242, 300, 309 Wilkinson, Thomas H 455 West, Carlton V 238 Willard, Roger H 265 Westendorf, Earl R 121 Willett, A. Clay 281 Westerfeld, Elinor M 251 Willey, A. LeRoy 256 Wethered, John 475 Willey, E. Roscoe 241 Whaley, John S 258 William III, King of England, and Mary. . 18 Wharton, Franklin S 118 Williams, Albert P 249 Wharton, Jesse 448 Williams, Anita R 73 Wheatley, H. Winship, Jr 158, 165, 279 Williams, Mrs. D. Ellwood, Jr 248, 264 Wheatley, Ralph 0 241, 252 Williams, David J 317 Wheatley, Rita 252 Williams, Edna 0 30 Wheatley, W. Donald 249 Williams, Elisha 451 Wheeler, Charles, Jr 101 Williams, George Hawkins 459 Wheeler, Charles B 265 Williams, Gerald 83 Wheeler, Charles E 245 Williams, Huntington 66, 70, 100, 268 Wheeler, John B 492 Williams, J. Russell 73 Wheeler, Vincent A 318 Williams, James W 461, 475, 475n Wheeler, William B 161, 180, 281 Williams, Jerry T 242 548 NAME INDEX

Page Page Williams, John T 59, 60 Wood, Earle B 247 Williams, Lewis J 245 Wood, George D 260 Williams, Marcus J 282 Wood, George P 314 Williams, N. Winslow 456 Wood, Norman W 265 Williams, Nathaniel 464n Woodcock, Amos W. W 250 Williams, Nathaniel F 456 Wooden, Ernest E 248 Williams, R. E. L 270 Wooden, Herbert R 461 Williams, Wallace 57 Woodland, Charles T 70 Williams, William 459 Woodland, Helen 318 Williamson, David 279 Woodward, Charles W., Jr 161, 180, 281 Williar, Edward L 489 Woolford, Levin 458 Willier, B. H 87 Wootton, Thomas S 460 Willis, Charles W 250 Wootton, Thomas Sprigg 451 Wills, Anna S 260 Wootton, William T 456 Wilmer, Jonathan R 454 Worcester, Earl of 486 Wilmer, L. Allison 458 Worthington, Brice Thomas Beale Wilmer, Lemuel 241 450, 451, 451n Wilmer, Philip G 490 Worthington, Glenn H 463 Wilmot, John 458 Worthington, John T. H.. . 474, 475 Wilson, Caroline W 259 Worthington, Thomas C 456, 474 Wilson, Edward C., Jr 245 Wright, John M 246 Wilson, Edward M 64, 74 Wright, Louis 492 Wilson, Ephraim K 471, 471n, 474, 476 Wright, Milton C 259 Wilson, Everett B 244 Wright, Robert, 452, 452n, 467, 467n, 473, 474 Wilson, Frank L 38 Wright, Robert D. C 456 Wilson, Fred 262 Wright, Russell H 489 Wilson, Henry, Jr 452 Wright, Samuel T 453, 454, 458 Wilson, Jonathan 451 Wright, Solomon 451, 462 Wilson, Samuel 451 Wright, Thomas 461 Wilson, Thomas J 456 Wright, Thomas, 3rd 456 Wilson, William A 245 Wright, Turbutt 451, 466 Wilson, William L 279 Wright, W. A. Stewart 244 Wimbrow, R. Frank 80 Wroth, Peregrine, Jr 70 Winchester, Albert 246 Wynne, Herbert L 76 Winder, Levin 452, 460 Wyville, Joseph V., Jr 257 Winebrener, Philip R 78 Winebrenner, David C., 3rd 456 Winkler, Bernard Reese 244 Y Winkler, J. Franklin 240 Yates, Donaldson 465 Winokur, L. A 122 Yates, Lawrence A 491 Winslow, Amy 271 Yates, Sherwood 239 Winston, Bertha 73, 280 Yeager, George H 126 Winter, Benjamin A., Jr 262 Yellot, George 463 Winters, George 121 Yerby, Ward D 74 Winthrop, John 17 Yingling, John E 250 Wirt, William 479 Yost, Foster 263 Wise, C. E., Jr 70, 98 Young, Clarence Leo 250 Wise, Charles E 220 Young, G. Frank 280 Wise, Gerald S 134 Young, Mrs. J. Forney 133 Wise, James A 237 Young, James Lloyd 187 Wise, Jane 249 Young, John D 241, 252 Wise, Mary 260 Young, Ralph J 66 Wise, Walter D 70 Young, W. Irvin 32 Wisner, Mary A 318 Yuill, Louise D 249 Witt, Ralph T 82 Wolf, Harry B 477 Wolfe, James N 491 z Wolfe, Wolford W 262 Zantzinger, Richard C.. , 108 Wolman, Paul C 115 Zatman, J. B 126 NAME INDEX 549

Page Page ZeUer, Charles S 245 Zihlman, Frederick N 477 Zeller, Howard R 80 Zimmerman, A. Dewey 246, 318 Zentz, Harry A 263 Zimmerman, David W 53 Zentz, William R 319 Zucco, Gustav C 219, 254 Zieget, Conrad, Jr 271

~~GENERAL INDEX~~

~~—O-~~

A Page Page Aberdeen Proving Grounds 22 Aircraft carriers, supervised 42 Aborigines 15 Aircraft pilots, licensed 43 Absentee Voting Law 133 Airplane accidents 29 Accident Fund, Commissioners of the State Airport Board, Baltimore City 270 47-48, 137 Airport Zoning Appeal Board, Accident Records Bureau, Central 99-100 Baltimore City 270 Accidents: Airport Zoning Board, Baltimore City . . . 270 home 67 Airports 43, 108 industrial 46 Alcohol Studies, Division of 67 traffic 100, 108 Alcohol Tax Enforcement Unit 31 see also safety Alcoholic beverages, licenses 31-32 Accountants, Board of Examiners of Public 119 Alcoholic Beverage Tax Division 31 “Act concerning Religion” 17 Algonquin 15 “Act for the encouragement of Learning”. 19 Allegany County: “Act to prevent the growth of popery”. . 17 area 492 Adjutant General 28, 96 county seat 484 Adjutant Generals, historical list 458 court terms 486 Administration and Finance, Division of . 76 Delegates 159 Administrative Office of the Courts 187 Democratic Committee 313 Administrative rules 29, 37 election districts 501 Administrator of Loan Laws 41 name and origin 484 Admissions tax 31 Officers 237-261,264 Adult education 54 Orphans’ Court days 486 Advisory Board on Hospital Construction 70 population 496, 501 Advisory Board on Hospital Licensing . . 69-70 Republican Committee 317 Advisory Council, Governor’s 28 Senator 157 Advisory Council on Highway special tax area 129-130 Construction 102-103 taxable basis 232 Aeronautical schools, licensed 43 towns 488 Aging, Montgomery County Committee Ambulance Service 100 on the 266 American Institute of Architects 110 Agriculture: American Legion 114 education 54, 60-61 American Medical Association 117 Extension service 61, 89 American Optometric Association 122 value of crops 13 Anacostans 15 Agriculture, State Board of Anacostia River 129 58, 59, 61-63, 89, 90 Anatomy Board of Maryland, The 65-66 Agriculture, U. S. Department of 36, 62 Andrews Air Force Base 22 Agricultural Agents, County 100, 259-260 Annam esses 15 Agricultural Experiment Station 61, 89 Annapolis 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 221 Agricultural fairs 89 Anne Arundel County: Agricultural insecticides 62 alcoholic beverage appeals 32 Agricultural products 13 area 492 Agricultural Trade Mark Law 61-62 county seat 484 Aid to Dependent Children 22, 71 court terms 486 Aid to Needy Blind 22, 71 Delegates 159 Air Force, Department of the 97 Democratic Committee 313 Air navigators, licensed 43 election districts 501 Air Pollution, Division of Industrial name and origin 484 Health and 67 Officers 237-262, 264-265 551 552 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Orphans’ Court days 486 election returns 276, 290 population 496, 501 publications 141 Republican Committee 317 vacancy filled 27 Senator 157 Attorneys, examination of 118 taxable basis 232 Attorneys General, Historical list 464 towns 489 Auditor, Baltimore City 270 Anne Arundel County Sanitary Auditor, State 33 Commission 265 “Augustus Carolina” 17 Anne Arundel General Hospital 223 Automobiles: Annotated Code 110 see under motor vehicles Annunciation Day 16, 485 “Avalon” 15 Antietam, battle of 21,133 Aviation Commission, State 43 Appeal Board: Aviation, Director of, Baltimore City.... 270 Montgomery County 266 State 31 Talbot County 267 B Appeal Tax Court, Montgomery County . 266 Baltimore 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 Appellate Judicial Circuits Map 186 Baltimore, Barons of 447 Apple Commission, Maryland State 90 Baltimore, Port of 13 Apple Grading Law 61 Baltimore, University of 505 Appropriations 206-221, 223-224 Baltimore Association of Commerce 220 Aquasocks 15 Baltimore City: Architects, American Institute of 110 airport 22-23 Architects, Board of Examiners and archives 37 Registration of 125 area 492 Architectural Commission, Baltimore City 270 court terms 486 Architectural Review, Board of 110 Delegates 158-159 Archives: Democratic Committee 313 Baltimore City 37 Education department 64 State 112-113 electrians 122 Archivist, State 112, H3 engineers licensed ns Area 13, 492 Legislative Districts 153, 156 Ark 16, 485 Mayor 269, 489 Armories 96-97, 98 motion picture operators 123 Army Corps of Engineers, (U.S.) 129 name and origin 484 Army, Department of the 97 Officers 268-271 Art Commission, Baltimore City 270 People’s Court 189 Articles of Confederation 21 population 493,496, 501 signers of 465 Republican Committee 317-318 Assessed Valuation 232 Senators 157 Assessments 34-35 Supreme Bench 189 Assessments, Director of, Baltimore City. . 268 taxicabs regulated 42 Assessments, Supervisors of War Memorial 115 see under Supervisors of Assessments Baltimore City Court 189 Assistant County Agents 260 Clerk of 268 Assistant County Home Demonstration Baltimore Clearing House 40 Agents 261 Baltimore County: Associated Mutual Savings Banks of area 492 Baltimore 40 county seat 434 Association of American Medical Colleges 117 court terms 486 “Association of Freemen” 20 Delegates 159 Associations, State Aided 220 Democratic Committee 313 Assateagues 15 election districts 501 Athletic Commission, State 43 name and origin 484 Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Officers 237-262, 265 Commission 131 Orphans’ Court days 486 Attorney General: People’s Court of 189 accounts audited 34 population 493, 496, 501 duties 36 Republican Committee 318 GENERAL INDEX 553

Page Page Senator 157 Board of Examining Moving Picture Baltimore County Metropolitan Machine Operators 115, 123-124 District Commission 265 Board of Forestry 83 Baltimore County Revenue Authority . . . 265 Board of Funeral Directors and Baltimore Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital. . 223 Embalming, State 119-120 Baltimore Junior College 505 Board of Hairdresses and Beauty Culturists 124 Baltimore Metropolitan area 109 Board of Health, State 66, 88 Baltimore Museum of Art 271 Board of Labor and Statistics 86 Baltimore Redevelopment Commission. . . 270 Board of Law Examiners 118-119 Baltimore-Washington Expressway 23 Board of Medical Examiners 116 -117, 123 Bank Commissioner 38-40 Board of Medical Examiners Bank Holidays 483 (Homeopathic) 117 Banking Board 40 Board of Motion Picture Censors, Barbadoes 16 Maryland State 44 Barber Examiners, Board of 115, 120-121 Board of Municipal and Zoning Appeals, Barons of Baltimore 447 Baltimore City 270 Barrett School for Girls 73 Board of Natural Resources. .78, 79, 83, 86, 88 Bath Commission, Baltimore City Free Board of Osteopathic Examiners 122-123 Public 270 Board of Parole and Probation 91, 95 Beauty Culturists, State Board of Hair- Board of Pharmacy, Maryland 120 dressers and 124 Board of Physical Therapy Examiners. . . 126 Beauty shops, licensed 124 Board of Police Examiners, Bedding and Upholstery, Division of 67 Anne Arundel County 264 Belle Grove State Game Farm 81 Board of Prison Control 91, 92 Bi-County Agencies 126-130 Board of Public Welfare 71 Biographies: Board of Public Works Governor 4 29, 109-110, 112, 113, 114 House of Delegates 165 Board of Registration for Professional Senators 162 Engineers and Land Surveyors 125-126 Birth Records 67 Board of Revenue Estimates 32 Bladensburg, battle of 21 Board of School Commissioners, Blind: Baltimore City 269 aid to 22, 71 Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners. . 118 training 58 Board of Welfare 91 Blind, Maryland School for 220 Boards of County Commissioners 240-243 Blind, Maryland Workshop for the 58 Boards of Education, County 248-250 Board of Agriculture, State Boards of Library Trustees 258-259 58, 59, 61-63, 89, 90 Boards of License Commissioners: Board of Architectural Review 110 Baltimore City 268 Board of Barber Examiners 115, 120-121 Counties 256-257 Board of Boiler Rules 43-44 Boards of Medical Examiners 116-117 Board of Canvassers 29 Boards of Supervisors of Elections: Board of Chiropody Examiners 123 Baltimore City 268 Board of Chiropractic Examiners 124-125 Counties 245-247 Board of Commissioners of Practical Boat Companies, supervised 42 Plumbing, The State 115, 116 Boiler Rules, Board of 43-44 Boilers, inspection of 45 Board of Correction 91, 95, 96 Bonded Indebtedness, Fiscal Year 1954 . . 221 Board of Dental Examiners 115-116 Bonds, State: Board of Education, State 53, 121 authorized 221 Board of Electrical Examiners and custody 33 Supervisors 121-122 issuance 29, 33 Board of Estimates, Baltimore City 270 roads 103 Board of Examiners and Registration of University of Maryland 60 Architects 125 Boston 20 Board of Examiners in Optometry 122 Boston Tea Party 20 Board of Examiners of Nurses 121 Boundaries of State: Board of Examiners of Public Accountants 119 disputes 19 Board of Examining Engineers. . .115, 117-118 maintenance 79 554 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Bowie State Teachers College 55, 505 population 493, 496 Boxing, supervised 43 Republican Committee 318 Boys, Maryland Training School for 73 Senator 157 Boys Village of Maryland 73 taxable basis 232 Bridges, Bureau of 102 towns 489 Budget, State 27, 36, 153 Calvert County Hospital 223 Budget and Procurement, Department of. 35 Cambridge-Maryland General Hospital . . 223 Budget Bureau 35-36 Camp Bainbridge 22 Budget Director, Baltimore City 270 Canada 21 Building Code, State 109 Cancer Control, Division of 67 Building Construction, Bureau of 270 Cantaloupe Maturity Law, The 61 Building Engineer, Howard County 266 Canvassers, State Board of 29 Building Inspection, Bureau of 270 Capital Improvements 29, 108, 109 Buildings, Baltimore County, Capital of Maryland 484 Superintendent of 265 Capper-Cramton Act 127 Buildings and Grounds, Superintendent Cardinal Gibbons Institute 2 20 of Public 110 Caroline County: Buildings Engineer, Baltimore County . . . 265 area 492 Bureau of Bridges 102 county seat 484 Bureau of Building Construction 270 Court terms 486 Bureau of Building Inspection 270 Delegates 160 Bureau of Control Surveys and Maps. . . . 106 Democratic Committee 314 Bureau of the Census 493 election districts 501 Bureau of Environmental Hygiene 67 name and origin 484 Bureau of Harbors 271 Officers 237-262 Bureau of Highways 271 Orphans’ Court days 486 Bureau of Kosher Meat and Food Control. 270 population 496, 501 Bureau of Laboratories 67 Republican Committee 318 Bureau of Management 67 Senator 157 Bureau of Mechanical-Electrical Services. . 271 taxable basis 232 Bureau of Mines 78, 86-87 towns 489 Bureau of Mines, U. S 87 Carroll County: Bureau of Preventive Medicine 67 area 492 Bureau of Recreation and Parks 271 county seat 484 Bureau of Revenue Estimates 32 Court terms 487 Bureau of Sanitation 271 Delegates 160 Bureau of Sewerage 271 Democratic Committee 314 Bureau of Smoke Control 271 election districts 502 Bureau of Surveys 271 name and origin 484 Bureau of Tests 271 Officers 237-262, 265 Bureau of Transportation 271 Orphans’ Court days 487 Bureau of Tuberculosis 67 population 496, 502 Bureau of Water 271 Republican Committee 318-319 Bus lines, regulated 42 Senator 157 taxable basis 232 towns 489 c Carver Junior College 505 Cabinet Members 479 Catoctin Soil Conservation District 262 Calvert-Claiborne Controversy 17 Cecil County: Calvert County: area 492 area 492 county seat 484 county seat 484 Court terms 487 Court terms 486 Delegates 160 Delegates 160 Democratic Committee 314 Democratic Committee 314 election districts 502 election districts 501 name and origin 484 name and origin 484 Officers 237-262, 265 Officers 237-262, 265 Orphans’ Court days 487 Orphans’Court days 486 population 496, 502 GENERAL INDEX 555

Page Page Republican Committee 319 Choptanks 15 Senator 157 Chopticos 15 taxable basis 232 Christ Child Farm for Convalescent towns 489 Children 224 Cedarville State Forest 13, 84 Chronic Disease Hospitals 23, 68 Censorship, motion pictures 44 Chronic Illness Hospitals, Division of... . 67 Census, Bureau of the 493 Church Home and Hospital 223 Census of 1950 493-504 Church of England 18 Centenary Biblical Institute 64 Circuit Courts: Central Accident Records Bureau 99-100 Clerks 237 Central Licensing Office 115 Judges 188 Central Payroll Bureau 33 Judges, election returns 278, 294-296 Central Payroll Bureau, Baltimore City. . 270 terms 486-488 Certified Public Accountants 119 Circuit Courts of Baltimore City 189 Charitable institutions: Clerks 268 donable food 34 Cities: supervised 71 see under Towns Charles County: City Council, Baltimore 269-270 area 492 City Service Commission, Baltimore 270 county seat 484 City Solicitor, Baltimore 270 Court terms 487 Civic Center Authority, Baltimore City . . 270 Delegates 160 Civil Defense, Directors of: Democratic Committee 314 Baltimore City 270 election districts 502 Counties 255-256 name and origin 484 Civil Defense Act of 1949 98 Officers 237-262,265 Civil Defense Advisory Commission, Orphans’ Court days 487 Montgomery County 266 population 496, 502 Civil Defense Advisory Committee, Republican Committee 319 Baltimore City 270 Senator 157 Civil Defense Advisory Council 98,99 taxable basis 232 Civil Defense Agency, Maryland . .98-99 towns 489 Civil Service: Charlotte Hall School 219 see merit system Charter of Maryland: Classification and Education, Division of. 92 granting of 16 Classified service 50-51 text 323 Clerks of Courts: Charters, corporate 35 accounts audited 34 Chesapeake and Delaware Canal 13 Baltimore City Courts 268 Chespeake Bay 13, 15, 79 Circuit Courts 237 Chesapeake Bay Bridge 23, 104-105 counsel 37 Chesapeake Biological Laboratory 87, 88 Court of Appeals 187 Chief Judges of the Court of Appeals, Code, Annotated 110 Historical list 463-464 College of Notre Dame 505 Chief Medical Examiner 101 Colleges: Chief Medical Examiner, Baltimore City. . 268 accreditation of 54 Chief of Police (counties): accredited 505 see under Police State-aided 219 Child health services 67 pre-law training accredited 119 Child Labor Law 46 teachers 55-57 Child Welfare Services 71 see also education. Junior Colleges, Children: schools aid to dependent 22, 71 Colonial Congress, 1765 465 delinquent, custody 73, 74 Colonial Governors 447 mentally retarded 77 Combined Balance Sheet 225 Children, Division of Crippled 67 Compacts: Chiropodists, National Association of. . . . 123 adoption facilitated 130 Chiropody Examiners, Board of 123 marine fisheries 131 Chiropractic Association, Maryland 125 parole and probation 96 Chiropractic Examiners, State Board of 124-125 Potomac River Basin 132 556 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Southern Regional Education 132 Congressional Districts: Commander in Chief 27, 97 defined 467 Commerce, U. S. Department of 493 Map of Baltimore 469 Commission of Forests and Parks 83 Map of State 468 Commission on Higher Education for Conoys 15 Negroes 64 Conservation agencies 78-89 Commission on Human Relations 271 Conservation Department 79, 80 Commission on Interracial Problems and Constitution of 1776 450, 451-452 Relations 74-75 Constitution of 1851 485 Commission for Medical Care, Constitution of 1867 486 Montgomery County 266 Constitution of Maryland: Commission on State Programs, amendments framed 154 Organization and Finance 134 county formed by 486 Commission for Youth, index to 427 Montgomery County 266 proposed amendments to 439-444 Commissioner of the Land Office. .111-112, 113 referenda results 283-287, 301 Commissioner of Mental Hygiene, text of 335-426 69, 70, 75, 76, 77 Constitution of United States: Commissioner of Motor Vehicles 106 Ratified 20-21 Commissioner of Personnel, State 50 Convention to Ratify 465-466 Commissioner of State Employment and Signers of 465 Registration 50 Constitutional Conventions: Commissioners of Finance, Baltimore City 270 1776 451-452, 485 Commissioners of the Housing Authority, 1850 484 Baltimore City 270 Construction Division 102 Commissioners for the Promotion of Uni- Continental Congress 20, 466 formity of Legislation in the United Conventions: States 38 Constitution of 1776 451-452, 485 Commissioners of the State Accident Constitution, 1850 484 Fund 47-48 Provincial 450 Committee on the Aging, Ratify U. S. Constitution 465-466 Montgomery County 266 Cooperative Game Program, Maryland . . 81 Committee on Medical Care 109 Coppin State Teachers’ College 56, 505 Committee to Promote the Employment of Coroners 101 the Physically Handicapped 49-50 Corporations, registration 34-35 Committee on Water Pollution 88 “Correct Labeling Acts’’ 62 Committees on Intergovernmental Correction, Board of 91, 95, 96 Cooperation 130 Correction, Department of 91-92, 93, 94 Common Pleas, Court of 189 Correction, House of 93 Clerk of 268 Cosmetics, manufacturing permits 120 Communicable Disease Control, Division of 67 Council, Baltimore City 269-270 Communication Bureau 100 Council of the Governor 453 Comptroller, Baltimore City 270 Council on Medical Care 69 Comptroller, Baltimore County 265 Council of State Governments 130-131 Comptroller of the Treasury: Councils of Safety 450-451 advisory council 28 Counties: duties 30 area 492 election returns 276, 291 assessments 34-35 audits 34 historical list 457-458 county seats 484-486 vacancy in office 27 financial reports 38 Conestogas 15 jail inspection 92 Confederate Cemetery 133 libraries, aid to 55 Congress, Continental 20, 466 names and origins 484-486 Congress, United States: Officers 235-267 election returns for 277, 292-294; population 496, 501-504 299-300, 305-310 records depository 112 Representatives in 472-478 taxable basis 232 Senators 466-467, 470-472 County Agricultural Agents 61, 259-260 GENERAL INDEX 557

Page Page County Appeal Boards: Deaf, Maryland State School for the. . . .57-58 Montgomery 266 Deaths: Talbot 267 investigation of 101 County Commissioners, Boards of ... . 240-243 records of 67 County Council, Montgomery County . . . 242 Declaration of Independence 20, 450, 465 County Engineers: Deeds Ill, 112, ll3 Charles County 265 Deer’s Head State Hospital 68 Frederick County 265 Defective delinquents 95 County Health Officers: Delaware 19, 20 appointment 66 Delaware River 19 list of 254-255 Delegates, House of: County Highway Construction Bonds. . . . 103 see under House of Delegates County Home Demonstration Agents .260-261 Delegates to the Colonial Congress 465 County Manager: Delegates to the Continental Congress . . . 466 Anne Arundel County 264 Democratic State Central Committees 313-316 Montgomery County 266 Dental Association, Maryland State . . .69, 116 Court of Appeals: Dental Examiners, State Board of. . . .115-116 Chief Judges, historical 463-464 Dental Health, Division of 67 duties 187 Dental Practice Act 116 Judges, election returns 278, 294 Dentifrices, manufacturers permits 120 Judges, historical list 462-463 Department of the Air Force, U. S 97 Law examiners 118, 119 Department of the Army, U.S 97 law library Ill Department of Budget and Procurement . 35 Library Committee 110 Department of Commerce, U. S 493 Court of Appeals Building 110 Department of Correction 91-92, 93, 94 Court of Common Pleas 189 Department of Drainage, State 62 Clerk of 268 Department of Education, State 53-56 Courts: Department of Employment Security. . .48-49 Administrative office of the 187 Department of Forests and Parks, Circuit, Judges 188 78, 81, 82-85, 89 Clerks, Baltimore City 268 Department of Game and Inland Fish, Clerks, Circuit 237 78, 80-81, 88 Housing, Baltimore City 269 Department of Geology, Mines and Orphans’, days 486-488 Water Resources 78, 85-86 Orphans’, Judges 238-240, 268 Department of Health, State 66-67, 120 Peoples’ 189 Department of Information 113 Supreme Bench 189 Department of Labor and Industry 45-46 terms 486-488 Department of Law 36 Traffic, Baltimore City 269 Department of Legislative Reference 37 Woman’s, Baltimore City 269 Department of Legislative Reference, Crabs: Baltimore City 270 catch value 13 Department of Markets, State 61-62 conservation 79, 80 Department of Maryland State Police .99-100 Cream, inspection 62 Department of Motor Vehicles 106-107 Credit Union Law 39 Creditation, Division of, and Accreditation 54 Department of Mental Hygiene 75-76 Criminal Court of Baltimore City 189 Department of Parole and Probation . . . 95-96 Clerk of 268 Department of Postmortem Examiners 100-101 Crippled Children, Division of 67 Department of Probation, Crownsville State Hospital 77 Anne Arundel County 264 Cunningham Falls State Park 13, 84 Department of Public Improvements .... 109 Department of Public Welfare, State .... 71 Department of Public Works (county): D see under Public Works Daily newspapers 506 Department of Research and Education, Dairy Inspection Service 62 78, 87-88 Dams, regulation of 86 Department of Tidewater Fisheries, Dan’s Mountain State Park 13, 84 78, 79-80, 131 Deaf, Colored, education for 220 Dependent Children, aid to 71 558 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Deputy Medical Examiners: Drug stores, inspection of 120 appointment 101 Drugs, manufacturing permits 120 list of 256 Dutch 19 Deputy State Health Officers 66 see also County Health Officers Detectives, private, licensed 99 Diagnostic Center (psychiatric) 95 E Director of Civil Defense: Eastern Conservation Conference 131 Baltimore City 270 Eastern Shore State Hospital 77 Counties 255-256 Eastern Shore Treasurers 457 Disabled, assistance to 71 Economic trends, survey of 108 Disabled: Edgewood Arsenal 22 see also physically handicapped Education, County Boards of 248-250 Disabled American Veterans 114 Education, State Board of 53, 121 Disbursements, 1954 200 Education, State Department of 53-55 District Attorneys: Education Board, Southern Regional . 132-133 see State’s Attorney Educational Institutions: District of Columbia 21, 23, 129, 132 State Aided 219 Division of Administration and Finance. . 76 Edward W. McCready Memorial Hospital 224 Division of Bedding and Upholstery 67 Egg and Egg Grading Law 61 Division of Certification and Accreditation 54 Elk Neck State Forest 13, 84 Division of Classification and Education. . 92 Elk Neck State Park 13, 84 Division of Communicable Disease Control 67 Election Boards, local 133 Division of Finance and Research 54 Election Districts: Division of Industrial Safety 46 population 501-504 Division of Instruction 54 Election Returns: Division of Library Extension 54-55 Attorney General 276, 290 Division of Local Health Services 67 Comptroller 276, 291 Division of Parole and Probation 95 filing of 29 Division of Psychiatric Education and General Assembly 279-282 Training 75 Governor 275, 289 Division of Public Health Nursing 67 House of Delegates 280-282 Division of Road Design 102 Judiciary 278, 294-296, 301, 310 Division of Vital Records and Statistics.. . 67 President of the U. S 297, 302 Division of Vocational Education 54 State Senate 279 Division of Vocational Rehabilitation.... 55 U. S. Congress. .277, 292-294, 299-300, Donable Foods 36 305-310 Doncaster State Forest 13, 84 U. S. Senator 298, 303, 304 Dorchester County: Vice President of the U. S 297 alcoholic beverages 32 Elections, Boards of Supervisors of: area 492 Baltimore City 268 county seat 484 Counties 245-247 Court terms 487 Electoral Vote 298 Delegates 160 Electric companies, regulated 42 Democratic Committee 314 Electrical apparatus, regulation of 122 election districts 502 Electrical Board, Baltimore County 265 name and origin 484 Electrical Examiners, Board of, Harford Officers 237-263, 265 County 266 Orphans’ Court days 487 Electrical Examiners and Supervisors, population 496, 502 Board of 121-122 Republican Committee 319 Electrical Examiners and Supervisors, Senator 157 Boards of: taxable basis 232 Anne Arundel County 264 towns 489-490 Calvert County 266 Douglass High School 64 Charles County 266 Dove 16, 485 Prince George’s County 267 Drainage, State Department of 62 Washington County 267 Drivers licenses 106-107 Electrical Inspections, Board of, Drug Control, Division of 67 Cecil County 265 GENERAL INDEX 559

Page Page Electrical Inspections, Prince George’s Federal Constitution: County Department of 266 Signers of 465 Electrical Workers, International Federal Motor Carriers Act 42 Brotherhood of 121 Federal Research and Marketing Act .... 61 Embalmers, State Board of Funeral Federal Seed Act 62 Directors and 119-120 Feebleminded children 77 Emergency appropriation funds 30 Feed, regulation 62 Employment: Female House of Refuge 74 agencies, licensed 46 Fertilizer, regulation 62 minors certificates 46 Ferry companies, supervised 42 physically handicapped 49, 50 “Ferryland” 16 prisoners 92, 93, 94 Finance, Commissioners of Baltimore City 270 State 50 Finance, Commission on State Programs Employment Security, Department of. . . 48-49 Organizations and 134 Employment Security Board 48 Finance and Research, Division of 54 Employment Service Division 49 Financial Advisory Committee, Employees’ Retirement System 51-52 Montgomery County 266 Employees’ Retirement System, Financial Responsibility Law 107 Baltimore City 271 Fifth Congressional District: Engineers, Board of Examining . .115, 117-118 boundaries 467 Engineers, professional, licensed 126 election returns. . . .277, 293, 300, 307, 308 Engineering Examiners, National Council maps 468, 469 of State Boards of 126 Fin-fish: Enoch Pratt Free Library 22, 271 catch (value) 13 Environmental Hygiene, Bureau of 67 conservation 79-80,131 Erosion 86 Fire Board, Montgomery County 266 Estimates, Board of, Baltimore City 270 Fire Commissioners, Baltimore City 270 Eudowood Sanatorium 220, 224 Fire Department, Baltimore County 265 Eugene Leland Memorial Hospital 223 Fire Chief, Howard County 266 Examining and Licensing Boards 115-126 Fire Marshal: Executions 92 Montgomery County 266 Explosives, licenses 41 St. Mary’s County 267 Express companies, regulated 42 State 41 Extension Service 61, 89 Fire Prevention Bureau, Baltimore County 265 Extradition 27 Fire Underwriters Rating Bureau, Maryland 121, 123 Fireworks, permits 41 Firemen’s Association, Maryland State. . . 220 F First Congressional District: Fair Board, Maryland State 89-90 boundaries 467 Fair Labor Standards Act 46 election returns.... 277, 292, 299, 305, 306 Fairfield-Canton Tunnel 23 map 468 Farm Bureau, Maryland 83 Fiscal Information 191-233 Farm Labor, employment 49 Fiscal Research Bureau 38 Federal Aid: Fish, conservation 78, 79, 80, 81, 131 agriculture 61-63 Fish and Wildlife Service, United States. . 131 education 54, 55, 60 Fish hatchery 81 fish and game 81 Fisheries, Department of Tidewater. .78, 79-80 forests 83, 84, 85 Fisheries Commission, Atlantic States health 67, 68-69 Marine 131 highways 102, 103, 104 Fishing (fresh water) licenses 81 military 96, 98 Flag House, Baltimore 220 parks 127 F-M Radio Stations 511 soil conservation 89 Food and drug inspection 66, 67 unemployment compensation 49 Food Control, Bureau of Kosher Meat and 270 welfare 71, 72 Food Control, Division of 67 Federal Bureau of Investigation 99 Forest Conservancy Districts Act 83 Federal Civil Defense Act 99 Forest reservations, planning 108 Federal Civilian Rehabilitation Act 55 Forest Wardens, commissioned 83 560 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Forestry, Board of 83 Officers 237-263 Forests and Parks, Commission of 83 Orphans’ Court days 487 Forests and Parks, Department of, population 493, 496, 502-503 78, 81, 82-85, 89 Republican Committee 319 Forests, State 13, 83, 84 Senator 157 Fort Frederick State Park 13, 84 special tax area 129-130 Fort George G. Meade 22 taxable basis 232 Fort McHenry 21 towns 490 Fort Tonolway State Park 13, 84 Gas Appliance Board, Baltimore City. . . . 270 4-H Clubs 61 Gas companies, supervised 42 Fourth Congressional District: Gas resources, conservation 86 boundaries 467 Gasoline Tax 103 election returns 277, 293, 299, 305, 306 Gathland State Park 13, 84 map 469 General Assembly: Franklin Square Hospital 223 assistance to 37 Frederick County: Biographical Sketches of Members 162-181 area 492 budget to 27 county seat 485 counsel 36 Court terms 487 election returns 279-282 Delegates 160 fiscal advice 38 Democratic Committee 314 Legislative Council 154-155 election districts 502 Legislative District Map 156 name and origin 485 mentioned 19 Officers 237-263, 265 powers and duties 153-154 Orphans’ Court days 487 Roster 157-158 population 496, 502 vacancies in 27 Republican Committee 319 General Election Returns: Repudiation Day 20, 483 November 2, 1954 275-287 Senator 157 November 4, 1952 297-301 taxable basis 232 Geologic surveys 86 towns 490 Geological and Economic Survey. .85, 101-102 Frederick County Emergency Hospital. . . 223 Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Frederick Memorial Hospital 223 Department of 73, 85-86 Free Public Bath Commission, Girls, training schools for 73, 74 Baltimore City 270 Goucher College 505 French and Indian War 19 Government House no Fresh Egg and Egg Grading Law 61 Governor: Friendship International Airport 22, 88 Biographical Sketch 4 Frostburg State Teachers College 56, 505 duties 27 Funeral Directors and Embalmers, election returns 275, 289 Board of Examiners of 119-120 vacancy in office of 154 Fungicides, regulation of 62 Governors: Colonial 447 State 452-453 G under the Charter 447-449 Gambrill State Park 13, 84 Governor’s Advisory Council 28 Game conservation 80, 81 Governor’s Commission to Promote the Game and Inland Fish, Department of, Employment of the Physically Handi- 78, 80-81, 88 Game and Inland Fish Commission 80 capped 49_5o Game Farms, State 81 Governor’s Committee on Inter-state Garrett County: Cooperation 130 area 492 Governors’ Councils 453-456 county seat 485 Governor’s Military Staff 28 Court terms 487 Grading: Delegates 160 agricultural 60 Democratic Committee 314 tobacco 90 election districts 502-503 Grange, Maryland State 83 name and origin 485 Graves, registry of military 114 GENERAL INDEX 561

Page Page Great Seal: Home Accident Unit 67 custody 28 Home Demonstration Agents 61 description folder, back cover Baltimore City 268 Green Ridge State Forest 13, 23, 84 Counties 260-261 Gwynbrook State Game Farm 81 Home economics education 54 Home for the Incurables of Baltimore City 224 Home Medical Care, Division of 67 H Home Rule Amendment of 1954 153 Hagerstown Junior College 505 Homeopathic Medical Society, Hairdressers and Beauty Culturists, M arylan d S tate 117 State Board of 124 Hood College 219, 505 Hall of Records 110 Horseracing, supervised 44 Hall of Records Commission 30, 112-113 Horticultural research 61 Happy Hills Convalescent Home for Horticultural Society, Maryland State ... 90 Children 224 Hospital Construction, Advisory Board on 70 Harbor Advisory Board, Baltimore City. . 271 Hospital for the Consumptives of Harbors, Bureau of 271 Maryland 220, 224 Harford County: Hospital for Women of Maryland 223 area 492 Hospital Licensing, Advisory Board on. .69-70 county seat 485 Hospital Services, Division of 67 Court term 487 Hospitals: Delegates 160 chronic disease 68 Democratic Committee 315 General, State 60, 70 election districts 503 mental 75, 76, 77, 78 name and origin 485 nursing education 121 Officers 237-263,266 State-aided 223-224 Orphans’ Court days 487 tuberculosis 67 population 496, 503 House of Correction, Maryland 93 Republican Committee 319 House of Delegates: Senator 158 Biographical Sketches 165-180 taxable basis 232 Committee on Intergovernmental towns 490 Cooperation 130 Health, Board of 88 election returns 280-282 Health, Commissioner of, Baltimore 268 membership ratio 153 Health, State Department of. . .62, 66-68, 120 qualification of members 153 Health Officers, Counties: Roster 158-161 appointment 66 Speakers of the 460-462 list 254-255 House of Reformation for Colored Boys. . 73 Heart Disease Control, Division of 67 House of Refuge 73 Heating companies, regulated 42 House of the Good Shepherd for Henryton State Hospital 67 Colored Girls 221 Herrington Manor Recreational Area .... 84 House of the Good Shepherd for High School equivalence examinations. . 54, 121 White Girls 221 Higher Education, Commission on 64 Housing Authority, Commissioners of the 270 Highway Construction, Advisory Council Housing Bureau, Baltimore City 270 on 102-103 Housing Court, Baltimore City 269 Highway Construction Bonds 103 Housing Rent Commission, Baltimore City 270 Highways: Howard County: construction 23, 102 area 492 financing 103 county seat 485 planning 102, 108 Court terms 487 Highways, Bureau of 271 Delegates 160 Highways Engineer, Harford County .... 266 Democratic Committee 315 see also Public Works, Roads election districts 503 Hill-Burton Act 70 name and origin 485 Historical List of Officers 445-479 Officers 237-263, 266 Historical Sketch of Maryland 15 Orphans’ Court days 487 Historical Society, Maryland 114, 220 population 496, 503 Holidays, Legal 483 Republican Committee 319 562 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Senator 158 workmen’s compensation 47 taxable basis 232 Insurance Department, State 40-41 Howard County Metropolitan Commission 266 International Association of Boards of Human Relations, Commission on 271 Examiners in Optometry 122 Hunting licenses 81 International Brotherhood of Electrical Hydrographic surveys 86 Workers of Maryland 121 Interracial Problems and Relations, Maryland Commission on 74 75 I Interstate Commerce Commission 42 Impeachment of Officers 154 Interstate Commission on the Potomac Income Tax 31, 35 River Basin 132 Incorporated towns: Interstate Compacts: see under towns see under compacts Index to Constitution 427-438 Interstate Cooperation, Governor’s Com- Indians 15, 16, 18, 19 mittee on 130 Industrial Accident Commission 46-47 Interstate Cooperation Agencies 130-133 Industrial arts education 54 Investigation Division 99 Industrial Finance Law 39 Investments, State 33, 227 Industrial Health and Air Pollution, Iroquois 16 Division of 67 Isle of Kent 485 Industrial plants inventory 108 Isle of Wight 16 Industrial production 13 Industrial Safety, Division of 46 Industrial Safety Act 46 j Industrial School for Girls 73 Jail Board, Baltimore City 270 Industrial wastes disposal 88, 132 Jails, County, inspection of 92 Information, Department of 113 Jesuits 16 Ingle’s War 17 “John Brown’s Raid” 21 Inland Fish, Department of Game and Johns Hopkins Hospital 223 78, 80-81 Johns Hopkins University, The. .22, 65, 66, 69, Inland Fish Division 81 76, 219, 505 Insane: Judges: see under mental hygiene Circuit Court 188 Insecticides, regulation 62 Court of Appeals 187 Inspection and Regulatory Services, State 62 election returns. . . .278, 294-296, 301, 310 Inspections: historical list 462-463 agricultural products 61, 62 Orphans’ Courts 238-240,268 barbershops 121 Supreme Bench of Baltimore 189 beauty shops 124 Judicial Circuits Maps 185, 186 boilers 45 Junior Colleges 55-57, 65, 505 dairy 62 Juvenile Court of Baltimore City 189 jails, county 92 Juvenile Court Committee, manufacturing plants 46 Montgomery County 266 seeds 62 pharmacies 120 tobacco 90 K weights and measures 62 Kent, Isle of 485 Inspections and Licenses, Department of, Kent and Upper Queen Anne’s County Montgomery County 266 Hospital 224 Inspector of Tobacco 90 Kent County: Installment Sales Division 41 area 492 Installment Sales Law 41 county seat 485 Instruction, Division of 54 Court terms 487 Instruction, Superintendent of, Delegates 160 Baltimore City 269 Democratic Committee 315 Insurance: election districts 503 financial responsibility 107 name and origin 485 State 33 Officers 237-263 unemployment 48 Orphans’ Court days 487 GENERAL INDEX 563

Page Page population 496, 503 License Commissioners, Boards of: Republican Committee 320 Baltimore City 268 Senator 158 Counties 256-257 taxable basis 232 see also alcoholic beverages towns 490 Licenses: Kent Island 17 aeronautical schools 43 King William’s School 19 air navigators 43 Kosher Meat and Food Control, Bureau of 270 airports 43 alcoholic beverages 31 barbers 120 L beauty culture schools 124 Labor statistics 45, 49 beauty shops 124 Labor and Industry, Department of .... 45-46 boxing and wrestling corporations.... 43 Labor and Statistics, Board of 86 child care agencies 71 Laboratories, Bureau of 67 chiropodists 123 Land Area 492 chiropractors 125 “Land Council, The” 112 dairy 62 Land-Grant Act of 1862 60 dentistry 116 Land Office, Commissioner of the. 111-112, 113 drivers 106,107 Land Surveyors, Board of Registration for electricians 121-122 Professional Engineers and 125-126 embalmers 119-120 Law, Department of 36 employment agencies 46 Law Department, Baltimore County 265 engineers, professional 126 Law Examiners, State Board of 118-119 engineers, stationary 117-118 Law Library Ill explosives 41 Laws: fishing 80, 81 drafting of 37 forms prescribed 31 distributed Ill funeral directors 119-120 passage 153-154 hair dressers 124 proposal of 154-155 horseracing 44 signing 27 hospitals 70 uniform 38, 130 hunting 81 vetoed 27, 153 installment sales 41-42 Legal Holidays 483 insurance agents and brokers 40 Legislation: loan companies 39, 41 see under laws mental hospitals 76 Legislation, Commissioners for the midwives 67 Promotion of Uniformity of 38 Montgomery County, Department of 266 Legislative Agents, registration 29 motion picture machine operators 123-124 Legislative Council 38, 154-155 motor vehicles 107 Legislative Districts, Baltimore City: optometrists 122 Delegates 153 osteopaths 123 Map of 156 pharmacists 120 Legislative Reference, Department of... . 37 physical therapists 126 Legislative Reference, Department of, physicians 117 Baltimore City 270 pilots, aircraft 43 Levindale Hebrew Home and Infirmary . . 224 plumbers 116 Lexington Market Authority, Baltimore practical nurses 121 City 270 private detectives 99 “Liberty Tree” 18 rating bureaus 41 Libraries, Montgomery County, real estate 45 Department of Public 266 schools 54 Libraries, State aid to 55 surveyors 126 Library, State 110-111 tobacco commission agencies 91 Library Board, Montgomery County .... 266 tree experts 83 Library Committee 110 veterinarians 118 Library Extension, Division of 54-55 water well drillers 86 Library Trustees, Boards of 258-259 Licensing Boards 115-126 License Bureau 31 Licensing Office, Central 115 564 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Liquor Control, Montgomery County origin of name 16 Department of 266 population 493-504 Liquor Control Boards 257-258 Radio Stations 509-510, 511 Livestock research 61 settlement of 16 Live Stock Sanitary Service 62 State song 21, folder back cover Loan companies 39, 41 taxable basis 232 Loan Laws, Administrator of 41 Television Stations 510 Lobbyists, registration 29 tree, flower folder back cover Local Agents 261 Unit System 288 Local Health Services, Division of 67 Maryland, University of: Local Home Demonstration Agents 261 see under University of Maryland Local laws 153 Maryland Academy of Science 220 Location Division 102 Maryland Agricultural College 60 Logan Field 22 Maryland Agricultural Society 220 London Virginia Company 15 Maryland Association of Optometrists . . . 122 Lords Proprietary 447 Maryland At A Glance 13 Loyola College 505 Maryland Board of Pharmacy 120 Lutheran Hospital 223 Maryland Chiropractic Association 125 Maryland Civil Defense Agency 98-99 Maryland Cooperation Commission. . .130-131 M Maryland Cooperative Game Program ... 81 Magistrates, Baltimore City 269 Maryland Commission on Interracial see also Trial Magistrates Problems and Relations 74-75 Magnetic surveys 86 Maryland Development Bureau 220 Maintenance Division 102 Maryland-District of Columbia Males, Maryland State Reformatory for Hospital Association 69 93-94, 96 Maryland Farm Bureau 83 Management, Bureau of 67 Maryland Fire Underwriters Rating Manufacturers: Bureau 121, 123 inspection 46 Maryland General Hospital 223 value 13 Maryland Geological and Economic “Map of Virginia” 15 Survey 101-102 Maps: Maryland Historical Society 114, 220 Appellate Judicial Circuits 186 Maryland House of Correction 93 Congressional Districts 468, 469 Maryland In Congress 465 early Maryland 15 Maryland Institute 219 Judicial Circuits 185 Maryland Manual 113 Legislative Districts 156 Maryland Medical Association 69 roads 102 see also Medical and Chirurgical Faculty tax 113 Maryland Municipal League 488 topographic 86 “Maryland, My Maryland” 21 Maps, Bureau of Control Surveys and . . . 106 Maryland National Capital Parks and Marine Fisheries Commission, Planning Commission 126-128 Atlantic States 131 Maryland National Guard 96, 97 Markets, State Department of 61-62 Maryland Pedic Association 123 Marriage records 67 Marumscos 15 Maryland Penitentiary 92-93 Maryland: Maryland Pharmaceutical Association. . 69, 120 area 492 Maryland Postmortem Examiners capital 484 Commission 100-101 Charters 323-324 Maryland Reports m cities and towns 488-492 Maryland School for the Blind 220 colleges 505 Maryland State Apple Commission 90 Congressmen 466-478 Maryland State Bankers Association 40 Constitution 335-436 Maryland State College 60, 61, 505 Great Seal 29, folder back cover Maryland State Dental Association 116 Historical List of Officers 445-479 Maryland State Fair Board 89-90 Historical Sketch 15 Maryland State Firemen’s Association . . . 220 newspapers 506-508 Maryland State Grange 83 GENERAL INDEX 565

Page Page Maryland State Homeopathic Medical Medicines, manufacturing permits 120 Society 117 Memorial Hospital, Cumberland 224 Maryland State Horticultural Society.... 90 Memorial Hospital, Easton 224 Maryland State Library 110-111 Mental Health, training and research .... 109 Maryland State Nurses Association 121 Mental hospitals: Maryland State Police, Department of 99-100 State 77, 78 Maryland State Reformatory for supervised 75 Males 93-94, 96 Mental Hygiene, Commissioner of. . .69, 70, 75 Maryland State Reformatory for Mental Hygiene, Department of 75 Women 93, 94, 96 Mental Hygiene Advisory Board 75, 76 Maryland State School for the Deaf .... 57-58 Mental Hygiene Board of Review 76 Maryland Tobacco Authority 91 Merchandising Fund 90 Maryland Traffic Safety Commission . 100, 107 Mercy Hospital 223 Maryland Training School for Boys 73 Merit System Law 50 Maryland Training School for Colored Methodist Episcopal Church 64 Girls 74 Metropolitan Commission, Howard County 266 Maryland Veterans Commission 114 Metropolitan District Commission, Maryland-Washington Metropolitan Baltimore County 265 District 127,128 Microfilm of Records 110, 111, 112, 113 Maryland-Washington Regional Districts Midwives, licensing 67 127, 128 Military Department 96-98 Maryland Workshop for the Blind 58 Militia, State 96 Mason-Dixon Line 19 Milk, inspection 62, 66 Massachusetts 17 Mine Examining Board 86, 87 Matapeakes 16 Mineral resources: Mattawomans 15 conservation 79, 86 Materials Division 102 production value 13 Maternal and Child Health, Division of. . 67 Miners Hospital 23, 70 Mayflower 16 Mines, Bureau of 78, 86-87 Mayor, Baltimore City 269, 488 Mines, U. S. Bureau of 87 Mayors 488-492 Minors, employment certificates 46 McDonogh School for Boys 219 Model Laws 38 Meat and Food Control, Bureau of Kosher 270 Monocacy, battle of 21 Mechanical-Electrical Service, Bureau of. . 271 Monoponsons 15 Medical and Chirurgical Faculty, 116, 117, 126 Montebello State Hospital 68 Medical Association, American 117 Montgomery County: Medical Association, Maryland 69 area 492 Medical Board for Occupational Diseases, 46, 47 council 242 Medical Care, Committee on 109 county seat 485 Medical Care, Council on 69 Court term 487 Medical Care, Montgomery County Delegates 160-161 Commission for 266 Democratic Committee 315 Medical Care Advisory Committee, election districts 503 Montgomery County 266 name and origin 485 Medical Care Program 67,108 Officers 237-263,266 Medical College, Association of American 117 Orphans’ Court days 487 Medical Examiners, Chief: People’s Court 189 Baltimore City 268 planning 127 State 101 plumbing 128 Medical Examiners, Boards of . . . 116-117, 123 population 493, 496, 503 Medical Examiners, Deputy: refuse disposal 128 appointment 101 Republican Committee 320 list of 256 Sanitary District 128, 129 Medical Examiners (Homeopathic), Senator 158 Board of 117 special tax area 127, 128, 129 Medical Examiners, National Board of. . . 117 taxable basis 232 Medical Schools, Cadavers for 66 towns 490-491 Medical Services and Hospitals, Bureau of water supply 129 67, 68 zoning 127 566 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Montgomery County General Hospital. . . 224 Newfoundland 16 Montgomery Junior College 505 Newspapers, list 506-508 Montgomery State Game Farm 81 North Point, battle of 21 Montrose School for Girls 74 Notre Dame, College of 505 Morgan State College 63-64, 505 Nurses, State Board of Examiners of 121 Mortgages, recordation 111,113 Nurses Association, Maryland State . , .69, 121 Mother Health Services 67 Nursing, Division of Public Health 67 Mother’s Pensions 22 Nursing Education, National League of . . 121 Motion Picture Censors, Maryland Nursing Schools 121 State, Board of 44 Motor Vehicle Fuel Tax 107 Motor Vehicle Laws, enforced 99 o Motor Vehicle Revenue Fund 103, 107 Oath of Supremacy 16 Motor Vehicles, Department of 106-107 Occupational Diseases 47 Mt. Nebo State Forest 13, 84 Odenton 22 Mount Saint Agnes College 505 Officers of Local Government 235-271 Mount Saint Mary’s College 505 Officers, State: Mount Pleasant Sanatorium 224 appointment 27 Mt. Wilson State Hospital 23, 68 confirmation 154 Moving Picture Machine Operators, Historical List 445-479 Board of Examining 115, 123 -124 Off-Street Parking Commission, Moving Picture Operators’ Union 123 Baltimore City 270 Municipal and Zoning Appeals, Board of . 270 Ohio Company 49 Municipal Corporation’s Charter Act of Oil, conservation of g6 1955 488 Old age assistance 22 71 Municipal Museum 271 Old Treasury Building no Municipal sewage disposal, survey of 88 Open pit mining, supervised 86 Municipalities: Optometric Association, American 122 see under towns Optometrists, Maryland Association of. . . 122 Mutual Savings institutions 39 Optometry, Board of Examiners in 122 Optometry, International Association of Boards of Examiners in 122 N Orphans’ Courts: Names and Origins of Counties 484-486 Judges, Baltimore City 268 Nanticokes 15 Judges, counties 238-240 National Association of Chiropodists 123 meeting days 486-487 National Board of Medical Examiners ... 117 proceedings of, microfilmed 112 National Conference of Commissioners on Osteopathic Examiners, Board of 122-123 Uniform State Laws 38 Oysters: National Council of State Boards of conservation 79> go Engineering Examiners 126 value of catch 13 National Defense Act of 1922 96 Ozinies 15 National Guard 27, 96, 97 National League of Nursing Education. . . 121 National Pike 21 P Nattwas 15 Pardons 27 Natural Resources, Board of, Park and Planning Commission, 78, 79, 83, 86, 88, 142 Maryland National Capital 126-128 Negroes: Parking Commission, Off-Street, Baltimore 270 blind and deaf education 220 Parks, Bureau of Recreation and 271 mental hospital 77 Parks, planning 108 tuberculosis hospital 67 Parks, State 13, 84 scholarships for 64-65 Parole and Probation, Board of 91, 95 studies of problems of 74-75 Parole and Probation, Department of. . . 95-96 training schools for 73-74 Patapsco Land Advisory Committee 85 New Germany Recreational Area 84 Patapsco River Valley Park 85 New Jersey 20 Patapsco State Park 13, 84, 85 New Netherlands 15 Patents, land m New York 20 Patuxent Institution 23, 93, 94-95 GENERAL INDEX 567

Page Page Patuxent River 129 Plumbing, The State Board of Patuxent River Toll Bridge 104, 105, 106 Commissioners of Practical 115, 116 Patuxents 15 Plumbing Board, Baltimore County 265 Payroll Bureau, Central 33 Plumbing Commissions: Pedic Association, Maryland 123 Anne Arundel County 264 Pegpy Stewart 20 Baltimore County 265 Penal Farm, State 93 Pocomoke State Forest 13, 84 Penal Institutions 91-95 Point Comfort 16 Peninsula General Hospital 224 Police, County: Peninsular Horticultural Society 220 Anne Arundel 264 Penitentiary, Maryland 92 93 Baltimore 265 Pennsylvania 19, 20, 132 Harford 266 Pensions: Howard 266 firemen’s 220 Montgomery 266 old age 22 Police, Department of Maryland State, State employees 52 99-100, 107, 108 State police 53 Police, State Retirement System 53 teachers 52 Police, training school for 100 People’s Court of Baltimore City: Police Commissioner, Baltimore City . .28, 270 election returns 278, 301 Police Examiners, Board of People’s Courts 189 (Anne Arundel County) 264 Permanent Boards of Registry. 247 Police Magistrates, Baltimore City 269 Personnel, State Commissioner of 50 Politics, Provincial 19 Personnel and Purchases, Department of, Population of Maryland 13, 19, 493-504 Prince George’s County 267 Port Deposit 22 Personnel Assistant, Montgomery County 266 Port of Baltimore Commission 270 Personnel Board, Montgomery County. . . 266 Ports, State (tonnage) 13 Personnel Department, Baltimore County 265 Postmortem Examiners, Commission of . . 100 Pharmaceutical Association, Maryland . 69, 120 Postmortem Examiners, Department of, Pharmacy, Maryland Board of 120 100-101 Physically Handicapped: Potomac River 15 education 54 Potomac River Basin, Interstate employment 49, 50 Commission on 132 training 55 Potomac River Conservancy: Physically Handicapped, Governor's District 132 Committee to Promote the Employment Potomac River Toll Bridge 104,105 of. . . 49-50 Potomac State Forest 13, 84 Physical Therapy Examiners, Board of. . . . 126 Poultry diseases, control 62 Physicians, licensed 117 Poultry Sale and Transportation Law, The 61 Physicians’ Memorial Hospital 224 Practical Nurses, licensed 121 Pine Bluff State Hospital 68 Preparatory Schools, State Aided 219 Piscattoways 15 Presidents of the Senate, Historical List 459-460 Planning Commission, The Maryland- President of the United States: National Capital Parks and 126-128 election returns 297, 302 Planning Commission, Maryland State, Preventive Medicine, Bureau of 67 70, 108-109 Primary Election Returns: Planning and Zoning Agencies, survey of 109 1954 289-296 Planning and Zoning Commission: 1952 302-310 Anne Arundel County 264 Prince George’s County: Harford County 266 area 492 Howard County 266 county seat 485 Wicomico County 267 Court terms 487 Planning Commissions: Delegates 161 Baltimore City 270 Democratic Committee 315 Baltimore County 265 election districts 503 St. Mary’s County 267 name and origin 485 Talbot County 267 Officers 237-263, 266-267 Upper Montgomery County 266 Orphans’ Court days 487 Plats Ill, H2 parks 127 568 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page planning 127 Public Works, Department of: plumbing 128 Anne Arundel County 264 population 493, 496, 503 Baltimore City 270 refuse disposal 128 Baltimore County 265 Republican Committee 320 Montgomery County 266 Senator 158 Prince George’s County 267 sewage 129 Publications, State: special tax area 127, 128, 129 bibliography 135-149 taxable basis 232 depositories 37, 111, 113 towns 491 Publicity, State 113 water supply 129 Pulaski’s Legion 20 zoning 127 Purchasing Bureau 36 Prince George’s General Hospital 224 Purchasing Department: Princess Anne College 60 Baltimore County 265 Printing, established 18 Prince George’s County 267 Prison, Women’s 94 Puritans 17, 18 Prison Control, Board of 91, 92 Prisoners: employment 92, 93, 94 a extradition 27 Quakers is Parole 95-96 Queen Anne’s County: Prisons, Superintendent of 91 area 492 Private detectives, licensed 99 county seat 485 Private schools, accreditation of 54 Court term 488 Probate records, depository 112 Delegates 161 Probation, Department of, Democratic Committee 315 Anne Arundel County 264 election districts 503 Probation, Department of Parole and. . . 95-96 name and origin 485 Probation Officer, Supreme Bench of Officers 237-263 Baltimore 268 Orphans’ Court days 488 Production and Marketing Administration population 496, 503 (U. S.) 36 Republican Committee 320 Professional Schools, University of Senator 158 Maryland 60 taxable basis 232 Professional Engineers and Land Sur- towns 491 veyors, Board of Registration for. .125-126 Property, State owned 228 Proprietors, Lord 447 R Providence 18 Racing Commission, Maryland 44 Provident Hospital 223 Radio Stations 509-510, 511 Psychiatric Education and Training, Railroads, regulation of 42 Division of 75 Range Approval Committee, Psycopathic delinquents, custody of 95 Montgomery County 266 Public Accountants, Board of Examiners of 119 Ranking Line Officer 96, 97 Public assistance 71 Rating bureaus, licenses 41 Public Bath Commission, Baltimore City Real Estate Commission 45 Free 270 Receipts, Fiscal Year 1954 192 Public Buildings and Grounds, Records Commission, Hall of 30, 112-113 Superintendent of 110 Records Management Program 113 Public Health Nursing, Division of 67 Recreation, Boards of: Public Improvements, Department of. 109-110 Anne Arundel County 264 Public Libraries Act 55 Montgomery County 266 Public Relations Office, Baltimore County 265 Prince George’s County 267 Public Service Commission 42 Recreation, survey of 108 Public Welfare, State Department of ... . 71 Recreation and Parks, Bureau of 271 Public Utilities: Recreation Commission, Wicomico County 267 regulated 42 Recreation Department: tree trimming 83 Baltimore County 265 Public Works, Board of. . .29,109,112,113,114 Montgomery County 266 GENERAL INDEX 569

Page Page Redevelopment Commission, Baltimore . . 270 Washington County 267 Referenda: Roads Commission, Frederick County ... 265 Constitutional amendments results, Roads Commission, State 100, 101-106 283-287, 301 Roads Department, Dorchester County . . 265 proposal 154 Roads Engineers: results filed 29 Carroll County 265 Reformatory for Males, Maryland State Dorchester County 265 93-94, 96 Roads Engineers: Reformatory for Women, Maryland State see also Public Works, Department of 93, 94, 96 Rocks State Park, The 13, 84 Refrigerating companies, regulated 42 Roman Catholics 16, 17 Regional planning 108,127 Rosewood State Training School 77 Registered Nurses, examination of 121 Rural land surveys 108 Registers of Wills: Rural population 495 audits 34 Baltimore City 268 counsel 37 s counties, list of 238 Sacred Heart Hospital 224 Registry, Permanent Boards of 247 Safety, Division of Industrial 46 Registry of Military Graves 114 Safety Board, Montgomery County 266 Rehabilitation, Division of Vocational ... 55 Safety education: Relief Fund, Veterans 114 industrial 46 Religious Toleration Act 17 mine 86 Republican State Central Committees 317-321 traffic 100, 107 Repudiation Day 483 St. Agnes Hospital 223 Research, Agricultural 61 St. Charles College 505 Research, Division of Finance and 54 St. Clement’s Island 16 Research and Education, St. Gabriel’s Home for .Convalescent Department of 78, 87-88 Girls 224 Research Division 155 St. John’s College 18, 219, 505 Reservoirs, jurisdiction 86 St. Joseph College 505 “Restoration” 19 St. Joseph’s Hospital 223 Retail Sales Tax 31 St. Mary’s City 16, 17, 19 Retirement: St. Mary’s County: Baltimore City Employees 271 area 492 State Employees 52 county seat 485 State Police 53 Court term 488 Teachers 52 Democratic Committee 315 Revenue Authority, Baltimore County. . . 265 Delegates 161 Revenue Bonds: election districts 503 roads 103 name and origin 485 University of Maryland 60 Officers 237-263, 267 Revenue Estimates, Board of 32 Orphans’ Court days 488 Revenue Estimates, Bureau of 32 population 496, 503 Revenues: Republican Committee 320 management of 30 Senator 158 recommendations 32 taxable basis 232 sources 192-200 towns 491 Revolutionary War 20 St. Mary’s Hospital 224 Right-of-Way Division 102 St. Mary’s Seminary and University 505 Rights-of-Way Department, St. Mary’s Seminary Junior College ... 65, 505 Baltimore County 265 Salary Board, State Employees Standard. . 51 Rivers, Chief 13 Sales Tax 31 Road Design, Division of 102 Salisbury State Teachers College . . . 56-57, 505 Road Superintendents: Sandy Point State Park 13, 84, 85 Howard County 266 Sanitation, Bureau of 271 Somerset County 267 Sanitation Department, Baltimore County 265 Road Supervisors: Sanitary Commissions: Allegany County 264 Anne Arundel County 265. 570 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Washington Suburban 128-129 Signers of the Articles of Confederation. . 465 Sanitary Engineering, Division of 67 Signers of the Declaration of Independence 465 Savage River Dam 129 Signers of the Federal Constitution 465 Savage River State Forest 13, 84 Silver Cross Home for Epileptics, Inc 224 Scholarships: Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Inc 223 colleges 219 Sinepuxent Bay 79 junior colleges 65 Sixth Congressional District: Negro 64-65 boundaries 467 School Commissioners, Board of 269 election returns. .. .277, 293, 300, 309, 310 School for the Blind, Maryland 220 map of 468 School lunch program 54 Sixth Massachusetts Regiment 21 Schools: Slavery 19,21 accreditation of 54 Small Loan Law 39, 41 aeronautical 43 Smoke Control, Bureau of 271 blind 220 Societies, State aided 220 deaf 58, 220 Soil Conservation Committee, State 89 hairdressing 124 Soil Conservation District Supervisors 261-264 law 119 Soil Conservation Service, U. S 89 nursing 121 Solicitor: police training 100 Baltimore City 270 Southern regional compact 133 Baltimore County 265 State aided 219-220 Somerset County: trade and vocational, licenses 54 alcoholic beverages licenses 32 Schools, County Superintendents of. . .250-251 area 492 Schools, State Superintendent of 53 county seat 485 Seafood production 13 Court terms 488 Second Congressional District: Delegates 161 boundaries 467 Democratic Committee 316 election returns. .277, 292, 299, 305, 306 election returns 504 map 468 name and origin 485 Secowocomocos 15 Officers 237-264,267 Secretaries of State: Orphans’ Court days 488 Historical list 456-457 population 496, 504 Secretary of State 28, HO Republican Committee 320 Seed Inspection Service 62 Senator 158 Senate, State: taxable basis 232 Biographical Sketches of Members 162-165 towns 491 Committee on Intergovernmental South Baltimore General Hospital 223 Cooperation 130 South Mountain, battle of 21, 133 election returns 279 Southern Regional Education: membership qualification 153 Board 132-133 Presidents, Historical list 459 Compact of 1949 132 Roster 157-158 Spanish-American War Veterans 114 Senators, U. S.: Speakers of the House of Delegates, election returns 298, 303, 304 Historical List 460-462 Historical list 466-467, 470-472 Special Tax Districts: Seneca Creek State Park 13, 84 Allegany County 129 Senecas 16 audits 34 Seth Demonstration State Forest 13, 84 financial reports 38 Seventh Congressional District: Garrett County 129 boundaries 467 Montgomery County 127, 128, 129 election returns. . .277, 294, 300, 309, 310 Prince George’s County 127, 128, 129 map of 469 Spring Grove State Hospital 78 Sewage 66, 67, 88, 128, 129, 132 Springfield State Hospital 77 Sewerage, Bureau of 271 Stamp Act 20 Sheriffs: Standard Salary Board, State Employees 51 Baltimore City 268 “Star Spangled Banner” 21 counsel 37 Star Spangled Banner Flag House county, list 238 Association 220 GENERAL INDEX 571

Page Page State Agencies: State Library 110-111 accounts audited 34 “State License Bureau” 31 appropriations, 1955 206 State Militia 96 appropriations, 1956 212 State Nurses Association, Maryland . . .69, 121 budget 27, 36 State Office Building 110 capital improvements 108, 109 State Officers, Historical list 445-479 counsel 36 State Parks 13, 84 disbursements 30, 200 State Penal Farm 93 employees payroll 33 State Planning Commission 70, 108-109 employment 50 State Police, Department of Maryland expenditures 30 State 99-100, 107, 108 land transfers 30 State Police Retirement System 53 leases 29, 35 State Programs, Organization and Finance, programs surveyed 134 Commission on 134 property 228-231 State Publications, bibliography 135-149 purchasing 36 depositories 37, 111, 113 publications bibliography 135-149 State Roads Commission 100, 101-106 publications depositories 37, 111, 113 State Records Management Program .... 113 receipts 195-198 State Reformatory for Males, Maryland records 30, 112,113 93-94,96 rules and regulations 29, 30 State Reformatory for Women 93, 94, 96 State-Aid: State Reporter 187 Child Welfare 221 State Sanatorium 67 colleges 219 State Soil Conservation Committee 89 Health Services 220 State Tax Commission 34, 113 hospitals 223-224 State Tax Rate 233 schools 219-220 State Teachers College of Baltimore 56 societies 220 State Teachers Colleges 54, 55-57, 505 State Appeal Board 31 State Tobacco Warehouse 90 State Apple Commission, Maryland 90 State Treasurer 33, 90 State Athletic Commission 43 State Use Industries 92, 93, 94 State Auditor 33 State War Ballot Commission 133 State Aviation Commission 43 State Weather Service 87, 88 State banks, supervision of 39 State’s Attorneys: State boundaries, maintenance 79 Baltimore City 268 State Building Code 109 counsel to 37 State Central Committees 153, 311-321 counties, list 237 State Commissioner of Personnel 28, 50 Steam Boiler Inspection Law 45 State debt 29, 30-31, 221, 222 Stream pollution 88, 132 State Dental Association, Maryland. . .69, 119 Street railways, regulated 42 State Employees: Strikes, mediated 45 merit system 50 Strip mining, regulated 86 payroll 33 Substitute Police Magistrates, retirement 52 Baltimore City 269 salary standards 51 Suburban Hospital 224 State Fair Board, Maryland 89-90 Subversive Activities Act 37 State Fire Marshal 41 Superintendent of Buildings, State Firemen’s Association, Maryland. . . 220 Baltimore County 265 State Fish Hatchery 81 Superintendent of Instruction 269 State Forest Nursery 13, 84 Superintendent of Prisons 91 State Forests 13, 83, 84 Superintendent of Public Buildings and State Guard 27 Grounds 110 State Heating Plant 110 Superintendent of Schools, State 53 State Highway Construction Bonds 103 Superintendent of State Police 99 State Horticultural Society, Maryland ... 90 Superintendents of Schools, County. . .250-251 State House 110 Superior Court of Baltimore City 189 State Industrial Accident Commission. .46-47 Clerk of 268 State Inspection and Regulatory Service.. 62 Supervisors of Assessments: State Insurance Department 40 appointment 35 572 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page Baltimore City 268 solid fuel 31 counties 247 study of 38 plats Ill titling 103, 107 Supervisors of Elections, Boards of: use 31 Baltimore City 268 Teachers, certification of 54 Counties 245-247 Teachers Colleges 54, 55-57, 505 Supreme Bench of Baltimore City: Teachers’ Retirement System 52 election returns 278, 296, 301, 310 Telephone companies, regulated 42 Judges 189 Television Stations 510 Probation Officer 268 Telegraph companies, regulated 42 Supreme Court, U. S. Justices of 479 Terms of Courts 486-488 Surveyors: Tests, Bureau of 271 Baltimore City 268 Third Congressional District: Counties 243 boundaries 467 Surveyors, licensed 126 election returns. . .277, 292, 299, 305, 306 Surveys, Bureau of 271 map 469 Susquehanna River Toll Bridge 104, 105 Tidewater Fisheries, Department of, Susquehannocks 15, 18 78, 79-80, 100, 131 Swallow Falls State Forest 13, 84 Title Tax 103, 107 Swedes 19 Tobacco: Sylvan Retreat 224 commission agencies 91 experimental farm 61 Inspector of 90 T trade 18, 21 Talbot County: Tobacco Authority, Maryland 91 area 492 Tobacco Warehouse, State 90 county seat 486 Tockoghes 15 Court terms 488 Toilet articles, manufacturing permits. . 120 Delegates 161 Toll bridges: Democratic Committee 316 regulated 42 election districts 504 State owned 103, 104-105 name and origin 486 Toll Facilities Department 104-105 Officers 237-261,267 Topographic Surveys 86 Orphans’ Court days 488 Tourism, encouragement of 113 population 496, 504 Towns: Republican Committee 320 audits 34 Senator 158 financial reports 38 taxable basis 232 legislation 153 towns 492 Mayors 488-492 Talking book machines 58 population 13, 497-500 Tax Commission, State 34,113 records depository 112 Tax Court, Montgomery County Appeal . 266 Townshend Acts 20 Tax Districts, Special: Towson State Teachers College 57, 505 see Special Tax District Trade Commission, Baltimore County ... 265 Tax maps 113 Trade Mark Law, Agricultural 61-62 Tax Rate, State 233 Trade Marks, registered 29 Taxable Basis 232 Trade names, registered 29 Taxicabs, Baltimore City, regulated 42 Trade schools, licensing of 54 Taxes: Traffic Court, Baltimore City 269 admissions 31 Traffic Division 102 alcoholic beverage 31 Traffic Director, Baltimore City 271 apples 90 Traffic Safety Commission, Maryland 100,107 collection 31 Traffic Staff 100 levying 154 Training Schools 71, 73, 74 gasoline 31,103 Transportation, Bureau of 271 corporation 34-35 Trasquakins 15 income 31, 34, 35 Treasurer, Baltimore City 271 recommendations for 32 Treasurer, State: sales 31 duties 33 GENERAL INDEX 573

Page Page election of 33,154 University of Maryland. .23, 58-63, 65, 66, 69, Historical list of 457 76, 87, 94, 95, 133, 505 member of Advisory Council 28 Upper Montgomery County Planning Merchandising Fund 90 Commission 266 unexpired term 27 Upper Potomac River Commission . . . 129-130 Treasurers, County 240 Urban Areas, defined 493-494 Treasurers of the Eastern Shore 457 Urban Population, 1790-1950 495 Treasurers of the Western Shore 457 Use Tax 31 Treaty of Paris 20 Utilities, public, regulated 42 Tree experts, licensed 83 Trial Magistrates: counsel 37 V list 243-245 Vacation trade, promotion of 113 Trout rearing stations 81 Vegetable crops, research 61 Trucking companies, regulated 42 Vending Stand Department 58 Trust companies, supervised 39 Venereal Disease Control, Division of... . 67 Tuberculosis, Bureau of 67 Veterans Commission, Maryland 114 Tuberculosis Hospitals 67-68 Veterans of Foreign Wars 114 Veterans Relief Fund 114 Veterinary Medical Examiners, u State Board of 118 Unclassified Service 51 Vetoes, Governor’s 27, 154 Undertakers: Vice President of the United States, see Funeral Directors election returns 297 Unemployment Compensation Division 48 Victor F. Cullen State Hospital 67 Unemployment Compensation Law 48 Vienna (Md.) 20 Unemployment Trust Fund 49 Virginia 17, 79,132 Uniform laws: Vital Records and Statistics, Division of. . 67 fisheries 131 Vocational Education, Division of 54 promotion of 38,130 Vocational schools, licensing 54 Uniform Small Loan Law 41 Voting, absentee 133 Uniform State Laws, Commissioners on . . 38 Union Hospital of Cecil County 224 Union Memorial Hospital 223 w Unit Vote 288 Walsh-Healy Act 46 U. S. Congress, election returns, Walters Art Gallery 271 277, 292-294, 299-300, 305-310 War Ballot Commission, State 133 U. S. Depository Library Ill War Between The States 21 U. S. Government (agencies of): War Memorial Commission 115 Army Corps of Engineers 129 War of 1812 21 Bureau of the Census 493 War Records Division 114 Bureau of Mines 87 Warrants, land Ill Department of Agriculture 36, 62 Washington-Annapolis Freeway 23 Department of the Air Force 97 Washington Cemetery Trustees 133 Department of the Army 22, 97 Washington College 219, 505 Department of Commerce 493 Washington County: Federal Bureau of Investigation 99 area 492 Fish and Wildlife Service 131 Chronic Disease Hospital 23 Interstate Commerce Commission ... 42 county seat 486 Naval Academy 22 Court terms 488 Naval Air Station 22 Delegates 161 Soil Conservation Service 89 Democratic Committee 316 U. S. Representatives, list of 472-478 election districts 504 U. S. Senators, list of 446-447, 470-472 name and origin 486 U. S. Supreme Court, Justices of 479 Officers 237-264,267 Universities: Orphans’ Court days 488 see colleges population 496, 504 University Hospital 61 Republican Committee 320 University of Baltimore 505 Senator 158 574 GENERAL INDEX

Page Page taxable basis 232 Orphans’ Court days 488 towns 491 population 496, 504 Washington County Hospital 224 Republican Committee 321 Washington, D. C 15, 21, 494 Senator 158 see also District of Columbia taxable basis 232 Washington Missionary College 505 towns 491 Washington Monument State Park 13, 84 Wicomico County Water and Sewer Washington Sanatarium and Hospital.... 224 Authority 267 Washington Suburban Sanitary Wicomico State Game Farm 81 Commission 128-129 Williamsport Toll Bridge 104, 105-106 Water: Wills, microfilm of 112 analysis 66, 67 Wills, Registers of: pollution 88, 132 Baltimore City 268 supply studies 86, 108, 134 counties 238 Water, Bureau of 271 Woman’s Court, Baltimore City 269 Water and Sewer Authority, Women, employment of 46 Wicomico County 267 Women, Maryland State Reformatory for, Water Area 492 93, 94, 96 Water Companies, regulated 42 Women’s Prison 94 Water Front Commission 86 Woodstock College 505 Water Pollution Control Commission .... 88 Worcester County: Water Resources Commission 86 alcoholic beverage licenses 32 Water Resources Study Commission 134 area 492 Water well drillers, licensed 86 county seat 486 Watkins Point 16 Court terms 488 Weather Service, State 87, 88 Delegates 161 Weekly Newspapers 506-508 Democratic Committee 316 Weights and measures: election districts 504 inspections 62 name and origin 486 tobacco, supervision 91 Officers 237-264, 267 Weights and Measures, Inspectors of: Orphans’ Court days 488 Baltimore County 265 population 496, 504 Charles County 265 Republican Committee 321 Worcester County 267 Senator 158 Welfare, Board of 91 taxable basis 232 Welfare, Board of Public 71 towns 491 Welfare, Department of, Baltimore 268 World War 1 22,115 Welfare, State Department of Public .... 71 World War II 22, 114 Welfare Advisory Commission, Workmen’s Compensation Act 46, 47 Baltimore City 268 Workmen’s Compensation Insurance 47 Welfare Boards, County: Workshop for the Blind, Maryland 58 appointment 71 Wrestling matches, supervised 43 directory of 251-254 Wye Oak State Park 13, 84 West Nottingham Academy 219 West Virginia 132 Western Maryland College 219 Y Western Shore Treasurers 457 Yingoteagues 15 Wiccocomicos 15 Yoacomacos 16, 17, 18 Wicomico County: Yorktown 20 alcoholic beverage licenses 32 Youth, Montgomery County Commission area 492 for 266 Chronic Disease Hospital 23 county seat 486 court term 488 z Delegates 161 Zoning, Montgomery and Democratic Committee 316 Prince George’s Counties 127 election districts 504 Zoning agencies, survey of 109 name and origin 486 Zoning Appeals, Board of: Officers 237-264,267 Anne Arundel County 264 GENERAL INDEX 575

Page Page Baltimore County 265 Zoning Department, Baltimore County .. 265 Howard County 266 Zoning: Zoning Appeals, Board of Municipal and. . 270 see also under Planning Zoning Boards, Baltimore City 270

~~ADDENDUM Maryland Pfcrt. Authoxy (Created by the General Assembly of 19;>i, Laws’ 19^5, Sp. Sess,, ch. 2j codified as Art, 62B, 1956 Supp,)~~

Appointees to the Authority (Art. 62B, sec, 3) Chairman: Robert W, Williamsj D. Luke Hopkins, Baltimore Co, j A, aul Smith, Western Shore j Avery W, gall. Eastern Shorej Edward S. Corcoran, Anne Arundel Co,

**4

- , i Tbhe State Three History Captain John Smith explores coast of Maryland June, 1608 Charter of Maryland granted to Second Lord Baltimore June 20, 1632 The Ark and the Dove sail for "The Capes of the Chesapeake Bay” November 22, 1633 The Ark and the Dove arrive at St. Clements (Blakistone) Island March 25, 1634 World’s first law of Religious Freedom passed 1649 Seat of government removed from St. Mary’s to Annapolis 1694 King William’s School founded at Annapolis 1696 Baltimore-Town erected July 30, 1729 Mason and Dixon begin survey of Maryland boundary 1763 Peggy Stewart, laden with 2,000 pounds of Oy/’ARYLAND has chosen for its tree the White Oak. taxable tea, burned October 19, 1774 */ 0 v I he magnificent specimen shown here is known as the Wye O^k and is located at Wye Mills on the Eastern Formation of “Association of Freemen”. July 9fi, '775 Shore, It is now owned by the Stare (Chapter v3l, Acts Maryland dedates her independence . July 3, 1776 of 1941.) First State Constitution adopted November, 1776 Washington College, Chestertown, chartered 1782 1772 ★ Maryland’s Historic State House Annapolis becomes temporary Oldest in America still in daily use National Capital November 26, 1783 ‘Maryland State Song Washington Resigns commission in old Senate Chamber, Annapolis December 23, 1783 St. John’s College, Annapolis, chartered 1784 My Maryland. MARYLAND’S )wnc$ R. Randall. State Convention at Annapolis ratifies Constitution of the United States April 28, 1788 Maryland cedes District of Columbia to the Flag, Seal, Song, United States March 30, 1791 British repulsed at the Battle of North Point September 12, 1814 Flower, Bird and Tree Bombardment of Fort McHenry; Francis Scott Key writes “The Star Spangled Banner”. . Sept. 12, 1814 Urn • pie door, Ma • ry-land, mj Ma ry-landl A - Tenge the pa - tri - ot • Ic gore That thee 1 kneell Ma - ry-land, my Ma ry-land! For life and death, for woe and weal. Thy Beginning of work on lirst railroad in America net • er ruat, Ma - ry-land, my Ma ry-landl Re-mem-ber Car - roll'* ea-cred trnat, R»- • 42- (The Baltimore and Ohio) July 4, 1828 Chesapeake and Delaware Canal opened October 17, 1829 First telegraph line in the world built between Baltimore and Washington 1844 I United States Naval Academy opened at peerflerked • less the chirJtreeU - al of - Bal-ti-more,ry rereal.And And gird be thy the beauteous bat-tie-queen limbswitntt«fl,Ma-ry-land, of tore, Ma-ry-Ucd, my Ma-ry-landfMa-ry-landJ member Howard’s war-Uke thrust,And all thy alumb’rere with the jort^^-ry-faDd, my Ma-ry-landl Annapolis October 10, 1845 “Maryland, My Maryland” written by James Ryder Randall April 23, 1861 Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg) September 17, 1862 (7^ HE Maryland State song, “Maryland, My Maryland,” Battle of Monocacy ]uly 9, 1864 was written by a Marylander who was living in the JLoLre W-XMin Confederacy during the War between the States. The air Governor of Maryland is not original; the words reflect the bitter feeling follow- Prepared by the Hall of Records ing the passage through Baltimore of Union troops in Printed and distributed by the Maryland Department 1861 (Chapter 451, Acts of 1939). of Information, Annapolis, Maryland HE Black-eyed Susan isthefloweremblemof the YV'iOG • Sax,. State of Maryland (Chapter 458,Acts of 1918). 15he GreatSealof‘Maryland 15he StateFlower Obverse ★ deeds, womanly words."TheLatinlegendon thebor- CT% HEReverseconsistsofan escutcheon orshieldbear- grant inNewfoundland. CTZ HEObverseoftheSealshowsLordBaltimoreasa (T“ HEGreatSealofMarylandisusedbytheGovernor •■''“‘'Crossland families.Calvertwasthefamilyname CTy/’ARYLAND’S flagbearsthearmsofCalvertand with a shield.” (Psalms v,12). der istranslated "withfavorwiltthoucompass usas Calvert mottoon thescrollisusuallytranslated "manly and ontheotherbyafisherman, symbolizingLord The escutcheonissupported on onesidebyafarmer Above thisisanearl'scoronet andafull-facedhelmet. Baltimore.” AvalonwasthenameofLordBaltimore’s ius AbsoluteLordofMarylandandAvalon,Baron of theLegislatureandforotherofficialpurposes.The of 1904). of theLordsBaltimorewhofoundedMaryland.Grass- Baltimore’s two estatesofMarylandandAvalon. The inscription translatedfromLatinintoEnglishis"Cecil- decorating publicbuildings. ever beencut.TheObveseis,however,stillconsidered readopted itsoldseal(JointResolutionNo.5,Legisla- states. Afterthepassageofahundredyears,Maryland new sealsimilarinformandspirittothoseoftheother of theColony.Itwasverymuchlikeonepictured first GreatSealwasbroughtoverduringtheearlydays not adoptedofficiallyuntilrecently(Chapter48,Acts Seal bearsthesamearms.Thisflagseemstohavebeen land wasthefamilyofmotherfirstLord as partofthesealandisused,amongotherthings,for tive Sessionof1876).OnlytheReversethissealhas until theRevolution.TheStateofMarylandadopteda above anditremainedinuse,althoughslightlyaltered, used fromthebeginningofcolony,althoughitwas Baltimore. TheescutcheonorshieldintheMaryland ^ Knightinfullarmormountedonacharger.The ing theCalvertandGrassland armsquartered. and theSecretaryofStatetoauthenticateActs Maryland StateFlag THE GREATSEAL O bverse Reverse (Tt HEBaltimore OrioleistheofficialMaryland Bird. special provisions hadbeenmadeforits protection since 1882 (Chapter154, Actsof1882). Legislature until 1947(Chapter54,Acts of 1947), Although itwas notsodesignatedbytheMaryland 15be GreatSealofM.aryland 15he StateBird Reverse