DOCSLIB.ORG

Natural Hazards Mitigation Planning: a Community Guide

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Natural Hazards Mitigation Planning: a Community Guide Natural A step-by-step guide Hazards to help Massachusetts communities deal with Mitigation multiple natural Planning: hazards and A Community to minimize Guide future losses Prepared by With assistance from Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management Federal Emergency Management Agency Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency Natural Resources Conservation Service Massachusetts Hazard Mitigation Team January 2003 Mitt Romney, Governor · Peter C. Webber, DEM Commissioner · Stephen J. McGrail, MEMA Director P r e f a c e The original version of this workbook was disaster mitigation program, the Flood Mitigation published in 1997 and entitled, Flood Hazard Assistance (FMA) program, as well as other federal, Mitigation Planning: A Community Guide. Its state and private funding sources. purpose was to serve as a guide for the preparation Although the Commonwealth of of a streamlined, cost-efficient flood mitigation plan Massachusetts has had a statewide Hazard by local governments and citizen groups. Although Mitigation Plan in place since 1986, there has been the main purpose of this revised workbook has not little opportunity for community participation and changed from its original mission, this version has input in the planning process to minimize future been updated to encompass all natural hazards and disaster damages. A secondary goal of the to assist Massachusetts’ communities in complying workbook is to encourage the development of with the all hazards mitigation planning community-based plans and obtain local input into requirements under the federal Disaster Mitigation Massachusetts’ state mitigation planning efforts in Act of 2000 (DMA 2000). The parts of this order to improve the state’s capability to plan for workbook that correspond with the requirements of disasters and recover from damages. It is our hope DMA 2000 will be noted through the workbook that this revised workbook continues to prove useful with this symbol: in tailoring a plan to meet the specific needs of each municipality. DMA 2000 Interim Final Rule This workbook can also help communities Section 201.6 obtain credit under the National Flood Insurance Program Community Rating Systems, or CRS. The The strong home-rule form of government in CRS provides credits in the form of reduced flood Massachusetts means that local governments in the insurance premiums for policyholders in Commonwealth are the primary decision-makers for communities performing floodplain management disaster management through land use measures, activities beyond minimum standards. building codes, zoning, and other regulatory tools. Development of an all hazards mitigation plan at the If your community is in CRS or wants to join, local level allows a community to effectively up to 210 points credit can be obtained by using this address a variety of risks resulting from natural workbook to prepare a Floodplain Management hazards. This step-by-step guide is intended to help Plan as described in CRS Activity 510. This expand a community’s capability in dealing with all activity gives communities credit for the planning natural hazards, to minimize future disaster losses, process undertaken to identify and reduce flood to identify mitigation activities and to assist in hazards. This workbook covers all the required securing funding for future hazard mitigation steps to get credit for preparing a CRS Floodplain projects. Management Plan. The areas corresponding to CRS credit will be noted through the workbook with this The resulting plans will meet the symbol: requirements of the DMA 2000, which calls for communities to have an all hazards mitigation plan CRS in place by November 1, 2004 in order to qualify Activity 510.e for future funding under the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP). In addition, these plans can assist a community in applying for other hazard mitigation project funding, such as FEMA’s pre- i Acknowledgments The 1997 version of this document was conceived by Richard Thibedeau, former State Hazard Mitigation Officer and Director of the Bureau of Resource Protection of the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management. The majority of the content in the 1997 version and this revised workbook represents the work not only of Massachusetts’s environmental planning staff, but also of floodplain managers and disaster recovery specialists throughout the nation who are striving toward the common goal of reducing future losses from natural disasters. Special recognition is due to the authors of the Flood Hazard Mitigation in Northeastern Illinois workbook, the Wisconsin Community Flood Mitigation Planning Guidebook, and the Community Rating System Floodplain Management Plan. Their excellent publications have helped shape the format and content of this workbook, as have the many additional documents referenced in the Bibliography. Original Research and Development by Clancy Phillipsborn, President The Mitigation Assistance Corporation Original Writing, Layout and Production by Michele Steinberg, Regional Planner and Richard Zingarelli, Program Manager, Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management, Flood Hazard Management Program 1997 Editor Miriam G. Anderson, Regional Planner Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management, Flood Hazard Management Program 2002 Editors Miriam G. Anderson, Regional Planner, Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management, Flood Hazard Management Program Donna Nelson, Hazard Mitigation Planner, Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency & Department of Environmental Management Candice Tanner, Disaster Recovery Coordinator, Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency Additional Review and Development Provided by Massachusetts Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Environmental Law Enforcement Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New England District Federal Emergency Management Agency, Region I, Mitigation Division Natural Resources Conservation Service Funding Provided by Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency Federal Emergency Management Agency Natural Resources Conservation Service This publication was supported by funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency as part of the Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program, the Community Assistance Program/State Support Service Element of the National Flood Insurance Program and from the Natural Resources Conservation Service as part of the Emergency Watershed Protection Program. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Federal Government. ii Contents Preface i Acknowledgements ii Introduction – Natural Hazards Can Happen Anywhere! 1 What an All Hazards Plan Will Do for You! 3 How Do We Use This Workbook? 6 Planning Steps for Local All Hazards Mitigation 9 Step 1: Map the Hazards – Where Are They? 10 Step 2: Determine Potential Damage – What Are the Risks? 12 Step 3: Identify What’s Already in Place – What Are We Already Doing? 14 Existing Protection Matrix 16 Step 4: Identify What’s Not Being Done – Where Are the Gaps in Our Protection? 17 Step 5: Brainstorm Alternatives – What Actions Can Be Taken? 21 Step 6: Evaluate Actions – What Is Feasible? 25 Step 7: Coordinate with Others – Who Else Is Doing This? 28 Step 8: Select Actions – What Are Our Priorities? 30 Step 9: Develop a Strategy – How Do We Implement Actions? 32 Step 10: Adopt and Monitor the Plan – Putting It All Together 34 Appendix A: Resources on the Internet – Helpful Websites A-1 Appendix B: Technical and Financial Assistance for Mitigation B-1 Appendix C: Action Examples C-1 Appendix D: Existing Protection Systems – Federal and State (DMA 2000 & HMGP) D-1 Appendix E: Responding to Opportunities E-1 Bibliography Bibliography -1 iii Natural Hazards Can Happen Anywhere Massachusetts is susceptible to a variety of natural hazards – floods, Storm Surge: severe thunderstorms, nor’easters/winter storms, tornadoes, hurricanes, Furious Nor’easter wildfires, and drought. These natural events can happen anywhere, Pounds Bay State whether in a rural town in the Berkshires, a mill city on the Merrimack Boston Herald, March 7, 2001 River or a summer haven on the Atlantic Ocean. The economic costs of natural hazards, especially the number one hazard in Massachusetts -- flooding -- can be staggering. Blizzard Blasts Coast In Massachusetts alone, since 1978 there has been over $197 million paid Coastlines, in flood insurance claims, and an estimated $108 million worth of damage MA Coastal Zone Management to public property, with repair paid by federal, state and local tax dollars. Newsletter, Spring 2001 Most recently, the March/April 2001 floods caused nearly $8 million in flood and storm damage along the Massachusetts coastline. Previous Now is the ideal flooding in June 1998 caused more than $9 million in damage throughout time to plan for an eastern Massachusetts. Approximately 92% of these damaged properties were previously damaged during the October 1996 storms which were expansion, giving more severe and caused more than $90 million in flood damage to private disaster prevention and public property throughout the greater Boston area and surrounding as much priority as suburbs. disaster relief. Major events such as the Blizzard of 1978, Hurricane Bob in August 1991 The Boston Globe editorial and the October 1991 coastal storm as well as numerous smaller floods, followingTropical
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Politics of Information in Famine Early Warning A
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Fixing Famine: The Politics of Information in Famine Early Warning A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Communication by Suzanne M. M. Burg Committee in Charge: Professor Robert B. Horwitz, Chair Professor Geoffrey C. Bowker Professor Ivan Evans Professor Gary Fields Professor Martha Lampland 2008 Copyright Suzanne M. M. Burg, 2008 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Suzanne M. M. Burg is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm: _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2008 iii DEDICATION For my past and my future Richard William Burg (1932-2007) and Emma Lucille Burg iv EPIGRAPH I am hungry, O my mother, I am thirsty, O my sister, Who knows my sufferings, Who knows about them, Except my belt! Amharic song v TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page……………………………………………………………………. iii Dedication……………………………………………………………………….. iv Epigraph…………………………………………………………………………. v Table of Contents………………………………………………………………... vi List of Acronyms………………………………………………………………… viii List of Figures……………………………………………………………………. xi List of Tables…………………………………………………………………….. xii Acknowledgments……………………………………………………………….. xiii Vita……………………………………………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Hazards Predictions Name: ______Teacher: ______PD:___ 2
    1 Unit 7: Earth’s Natural Hazards Lesson 1: Natural Hazards Lesson 2: Natural Hazards Predictions Name: ___________________ Teacher: ____________PD:___ 2 Unit 7: Lesson 1 Vocabulary 3 1 Natural Hazard: 2 Natural Disaster: 3 Volcano: 4 Volcanic Eruption: 5 Active Volcano: 6 Dormant Volcano: 7 Tsunami: 8 Tornado: 4 WHY IT MATTERS! Here are some questions to consider as you work through the unit. Can you answer any of the questions now? Revisit these questions at the end of the unit to apply what you discover. Questions: Notes: What types of natural hazards are likely where you live? How could the natural hazards you listed above cause damage or injury? What is a natural disaster? What types of monitoring and communication networks alert you to possible natural hazards? How could your home and school be affected by a natural hazard? How can the effects of a natural disaster be reduced? Unit Starter: Analyzing the Frequency of Wildfires 5 Analyzing the Frequency of Wildfires Choose the correct phrases to complete the statements below: Between 1970 and 1990, on average fewer than / more than 5 million acres burned in wildfires each year. Between 2000 and 2015, more than 5 million / 10 million acres burned in more than half of the years. Overall, the number of acres burned each year has been increasing / decreasing since 1970. 6 Lesson 1: Natural Hazards In 2015, this wildfire near Clear Lake, California, destroyed property and devastated the environment. Can You Explain it? In the 1700s, scientists in Italy discovered a city that had been buried for over 1,900 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Designing Cities for Tsunami Impact Mitigation: Evaluating Physical Planning Using Structural Equation Models in Makassar City, Indonesia
    DESIGNING CITIES FOR TSUNAMI IMPACT MITIGATION: EVALUATING PHYSICAL PLANNING USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS IN MAKASSAR CITY, INDONESIA By FAHMYDDIN ARAAF TAUHID A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2017 © 2017 Fahmyddin Araaf Tauhid To my mother Fatimah, and Father Habuddin To my wife Astuty, my son Reza, Raihan, Rifaat, my daughter Jasmine To my mother and father in-law To our big families in Makassar, thank you for your supports and prayers ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my Supervisor, Prof. Dr. Christopher Silver, AICP, for his excellent guidance, kindness and patience to provide me with an academic support for conducting my research. I would like also to thank my committee members Prof. Pierce H. Jones, PhD, Dr. Kathryn Frank, and Dr. Jocelyn Widmer for their guidance and insight for the past two years. Without the participation of my supervisor and committee members, I would not be able to complete my doctoral program. My sincere thanks go to the institutions and individuals that provided facilities or generous funding for my doctoral research: Fulbright Scholarships Indonesia and Directorate of Islamic Higher Education, The Ministry of religious affair of Indonesia, staff of The American Indonesian Exchange Foundation (AMINEF) in Jakarta Indonesia, Prof. Dr. Phil H. Kamaruddin, M.A (Directorate General of Islamic Education, The Ministry of Religious Affair of Indonesia), Dr. Wasilah, ST. MT. (Academic Vice Dean of Science and Technology, Islamic Alauddin University, Makassar, Indonesia). I would like to thank all the faculty members and administrators in the College of Design, Construction, and Planning, University of Florida.
    [Show full text]
  • HAZARD MITIGATION for NATURAL DISASTERS a Starter Guide for Water and Wastewater Utilities
    HAZARD MITIGATION FOR NATURAL DISASTERS A Starter Guide for Water and Wastewater Utilities Select a menu option below. New users should start with Overview Hazard Mitigation. Overview Join Local Mitigation Develop Mitigation Implement and Mitigation Case Study Hazard Mitigation Efforts Projects Fund Project Overview Overview - Hazard Mitigation Hazard Mitigation Join Local Hazards Posed by Natural Disasters Mitigation Efforts Water and wastewater utilities are vulnerable to a variety of hazards including natural disasters such as earthquakes, flooding, tornados, and Develop wildfires. For utilities, the impacts from these hazard events include Mitigation Projects damaged equipment, loss of power, disruptions to service, and revenue losses. Why Mitigate the Hazards? Implement and Fund Project It is more cost-effective to mitigate the risks from natural disasters than it is to repair damage after the disaster. Hazard mitigation refers to any action or project that reduces the effects of future disasters. Utilities can Mitigation implement mitigation projects to better withstand and rapidly recover Case Study from hazard events (e.g., flooding, earthquake), thereby increasing their overall resilience. Mitigation projects could include: • Elevation of electrical panels at a lift station to prevent flooding damage. • Replacement of piping with flexible joints to prevent earthquake damage. • Reinforcement of water towers to prevent tornado damage. Mitigation measures require financial investment by the utility; however, mitigation could prevent more costly future damage and improve the reliability of service during a disaster. Disclaimer: This Guide provides practical solutions to help water and wastewater utilities mitigate the effects of natural disasters. This Guide is not intended to serve as regulatory guidance. Mention of trade names, products or services does not convey official U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Exposure and Vulnerability
    Determinants of Risk: 2 Exposure and Vulnerability Coordinating Lead Authors: Omar-Dario Cardona (Colombia), Maarten K. van Aalst (Netherlands) Lead Authors: Jörn Birkmann (Germany), Maureen Fordham (UK), Glenn McGregor (New Zealand), Rosa Perez (Philippines), Roger S. Pulwarty (USA), E. Lisa F. Schipper (Sweden), Bach Tan Sinh (Vietnam) Review Editors: Henri Décamps (France), Mark Keim (USA) Contributing Authors: Ian Davis (UK), Kristie L. Ebi (USA), Allan Lavell (Costa Rica), Reinhard Mechler (Germany), Virginia Murray (UK), Mark Pelling (UK), Jürgen Pohl (Germany), Anthony-Oliver Smith (USA), Frank Thomalla (Australia) This chapter should be cited as: Cardona, O.D., M.K. van Aalst, J. Birkmann, M. Fordham, G. McGregor, R. Perez, R.S. Pulwarty, E.L.F. Schipper, and B.T. Sinh, 2012: Determinants of risk: exposure and vulnerability. In: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation [Field, C.B., V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, G.-K. Plattner, S.K. Allen, M. Tignor, and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA, pp. 65-108. 65 Determinants of Risk: Exposure and Vulnerability Chapter 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................67 2.1. Introduction and Scope..............................................................................................................69
    [Show full text]
  • Issue Brief: Disaster Risk Governance Crisis Prevention and Recovery
    ISSUE BRIEF: DISASTER RISK GOVERNANCE CRISIS PREVENTION AND RECOVERY United Nations Development Programme “The earthquake in Haiti in January 2010 was about the same magnitude as the February 2011 earthquake in Christchurch, but the human toll was significantly higher. The loss of 185 lives in Christchurch was 185 too many. However, compared with the estimated 220,000 plus killed in Haiti in 2010, it becomes evident that it is not the magnitude of the natural hazard alone that determines its impact.” – Helen Clark, UNDP Administrator Poorly managed economic growth, combined with climate variability and change, is driving an overall rise in global disaster Around the world, it is the poor who face the greatest risk from risk for all countries. disasters. Those affected by poverty are more likely to live in drought and flood prone regions, and natural hazards are far Human development and disaster risk are interlinked. Rapid more likely to hurt poor communities than rich ones. economic and urban development can lead to growing Ninety-five percent of the 1.3 million people killed and the 4.4 concentrations of people in areas that are prone to natural billion affected by disasters in the last two decades lived in developing countries, and fewer than two per cent of global hazards. The risk increases if the exposure of people and assets deaths from cyclones occur in countries with high levels of to natural hazards grows faster than the ability of countries to development. improve their risk reduction capacity. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND GOVERNANCE In the context of risk management, this requires that the general public are sufficiently informed of the natural hazard risks they are exposed to and able to take necessary The catastrophic impact of disasters is not ‘natural.’ Disasters are precautions.
    [Show full text]
  • The Year That Shook the Rich: a Review of Natural Disasters in 2011
    THE YEAR THAT SHOOK THE RICH: A REVIEW OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN 2011 The Brookings Institution – London School of Economics Project on Internal Displacement March 2012 Design: [email protected] Cover photo: © Thinkstock.com Back cover photos: left / © Awcnz62 | Dreamstime.com; right / © IOM 2011 - MPK0622 (Photo: Chris Lom) THE YEAR THAT SHOOK THE RICH: A REVIEW OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN 2011 By Elizabeth Ferris and Daniel Petz March 2012 PUBLISHED BY: THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION – LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS PROJECT ON INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT Bangkok, Thailand — Severe monsoon floods, starting in late July 2011, affected millions of people. A truck with passengers aboard drives through a heavily flooded street. Photo: UN/Mark Garten TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms ................................................................................................................................. vi Foreword ................................................................................................................................. ix Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. xi Introduction .............................................................................................................................. xv Chapter 1 The Year that Shook the Rich ...................................................... 1 Section 1 Disasters in the “Rich” World, Some Numbers ............................................ 5 Section 2 Japan: The Most Expensive Disaster
    [Show full text]
  • Emergency Disaster Plan for the City of Groveport
    EMERGENCY DISASTER PLAN FOR THE CITY OF GROVEPORT Standard Operating Procedure Incident Command System 1 The City of Groveport Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) has been designed to effectively provide direction to staff and the community during a disaster at the local level. Should the disaster encompass a larger scale or beyond our local level to handle, we will seek assistance from other agencies, specifically the Franklin County Emergency Management and Homeland Security Agency or the State of Ohio. Suggestions for additions or updating information should be sent to the City Administrator or the Chief of Police of the City of Groveport. PRIMARY EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERS GROVEPORT, OHIO Emergency 9-1-1 Non-Emergency (614) 525-3333 Office (Non-emergency) 830-2060 Original Draft 06/13: Revised 07/20 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Topic Page Acronyms (Homeland Security/NIMS) 35 Addendum I Proclamation of State of Emergency City of Groveport 36 Addendum II City Attorney 37 Airplane Crash 16-17 Civil Disturbances 22-23 Communications 6 Emergency Operations Center Emergency Procedures 32 Evacuation Routes 33-34 Extreme Snow and Ice Storms 20-21 Four Phases of Comprehensive Emergency Management 10 General Responsibilities for Disaster Preparedness 9 Hazardous Materials Incidents and Accidents 29-31 Major Flood 18-19 Order to Desist and Disperse 24 Organization 5 Procedures 7-8 Purpose 4 Radioactive Incidents and Accidents 25-28 Scope 4 Shelter-In-Place 33 Shelters 33 Snow Emergency Levels 21 Table of Contents 2 Tornado 11-13 Train Wreck 14-15 Appendix Line of Succession for Declaration of Emergency Contact List 3 PURPOSE The purpose of this manual is to serve as a guide in mobilizing, supervising, and coordinating resources to effectively deal with emergencies.
    [Show full text]
  • Declared Disaster Policy Declared Disaster Policy Mortgage Lending Division Version 2.1 – 03/02/21
    Declared Disaster Policy Declared Disaster Policy Mortgage Lending Division Version 2.1 – 03/02/21 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW Purpose When major disasters occur, steps must be taken to ensure that the security on each loan is protected. This policy provides requirements for ensuring that the security on each loan is protected, as set forth by Carrington Mortgage Services, LLC. (CMS). Table of Policy ................................................................................................................... 5 Contents Overview ........................................................................................................... 5 Definition ........................................................................................................... 5 Declared Disaster ............................................................................................... 5 FEMA Declared Disaster .................................................................................. 5 Pandemic Disaster ........................................................................................... 5 Monitoring and Communication ........................................................................ 6 Responsibilities ................................................................................................ 6 Inspections after a Declared Disaster .............................................................. 6 Properties Located in Major Disaster Areas ..................................................... 6 General Inspection Requirements ...................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Volcanic Hazards As Components of Complex Systems: the Case of Japan
    Volume 13 | Issue 33 | Number 6 | Article ID 4359 | Aug 17, 2015 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus Volcanic Hazards as Components of Complex Systems: The Case of Japan Gregory Smits The past year or so has been a time of the earth’s crust suggested Mt. Fuji is more particularly vigorous volcanic activity in Japan, likely to erupt owing to effects from the 2011 or at least activity that has intruded into public Tōhoku earthquake.3 Well publicized by a press awareness. Perhaps most dramatic was the release on the eve of its publication, mass deadly eruption of Mt. Ontake on September media around the world have reported this 27, 2014, whose 57 fatalities were the first finding, along with speculation regarding volcano-related deaths in Japan since 1991. On possible connections between earthquakes and May 29, 2015, Mt. Shindake, off the southern volcanic eruptions. tip of Kyushu, erupted violently, forcing the evacuation of the island of Kuchinoerabu. That As of June 30, 2015, the Japan Meteorological same day, Sakurajima, located just north in Agency (JMA) designated ten volcanoes in or Kagoshima Bay, erupted more forcefully than near the main Japanese islands as warranting usual. Sakurajima has been erupting in some levels of warning ranging from Mt. Shindake’s fashion almost continuously since 1955, but Level 5 (“Evacuate”), to Level 2 (“Do not since 2006, its activity has become relatively approach the crater”) in seven cases. more vigorous. Indeed, a May 30 Asahi shinbun Sakurajima is at Level 3 (“Do not approach the article characterized these eruptions as “the volcano”), as is Hakoneyama, located near Mt.
    [Show full text]
  • (HB 3) the “Texas Pandemic Response Act”
    By:AABurrows H.B.ANo.A3 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED 1 AN ACT 2 relating to state and local government responses to a pandemic 3 disaster; creating a criminal offense. 4 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: 5 SECTIONA1.AASubtitle B, Title 4, Government Code, is amended 6 by adding Chapter 418A to read as follows: 7 CHAPTER 418A. PANDEMIC EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 8 SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS 9 Sec.A418A.001.AASHORT TITLE. This chapter may be cited as 10 the Texas Pandemic Response Act. 11 Sec.A418A.002.AAPURPOSES. The purposes of this chapter are 12 to: 13 (1)AAreduce the vulnerability of residents and 14 communities in this state to damage, injury, and loss of life and 15 property resulting from a pandemic disaster; 16 (2)AAprepare for prompt and efficient care and 17 treatment of persons victimized or threatened by a pandemic 18 disaster; 19 (3)AAmaintain employment levels for state residents to 20 the extent possible; 21 (4)AAprotect and preserve individual liberties 22 guaranteed under the United States Constitution and the Texas 23 Constitution; 24 (5)AAprovide a setting conducive to the rapid and 87R11404 YDB-F 1 H.B.ANo.A3 1 orderly restoration and rehabilitation of persons and property 2 affected by a pandemic disaster; 3 (6)AAclarify and strengthen the roles of the governor, 4 state agencies, the judicial branch of state government, and local 5 governments in the prevention of, preparation for, response to, and 6 recovery from a pandemic disaster; 7 (7)AAauthorize and provide for cooperation in pandemic 8 disaster
    [Show full text]
  • Earthquakes That Trigger Other Natural Hazards
    Chain Reaction: Earthquakes that Trigger Other Natural Hazards Compiled by Diane Noserale and Tania Larson volcanic eruptions. concave structure called a “caldera.” These structures are Scientists have known that movement of magma often found around the world. Yellowstone and Crater Lake fi re destroys much of a major city. The side triggers earthquakes, but they are discovering that this are two examples in the United States. Research shows of a mountain collapses and then explodes. relationship may also work in reverse. Scientists are look- that activity at calderas often occurred within months or A train of waves sweeps away coastal vil- ing at earthquakes that meet very specifi c criteria: a mag- even hours of large regional earthquakes, sometimes as lages over thousands of miles. All of these nitude of 6 or higher; a location on major fault zones a precursor to the earthquakes and sometimes as a result events are disasters that have started with near a volcano; and a later eruption of a nearby volcano. of them. Aor been triggered by an earthquake. Some of the triggers They are fi nding evidence that these earthquakes might were among the largest earthquakes ever recorded. But have triggered the eruptions. Landslides the disasters that followed were often so large that the In the early morning of Nov. 29, 1975, a magnitude- Heavy rain, wildfi res, volcanic eruptions and human earthquakes were overshadowed, and so, we hear about 7.2 earthquake struck the Big Island of Hawaii. Less than activity often work together to cause landslides. In hilly the eruption of Mount St.
    [Show full text]