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Family Structure and Attachment and Their Role in Reducing Delinquency in the African American Family

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Family Structure and Attachment and Their Role in Reducing Delinquency in the African American Family Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 8-2002 Family Structure and Attachment and Their Role in Reducing Delinquency in the African American Family Kiesha Warren Western Michigan University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, and the Race and Ethnicity Commons Recommended Citation Warren, Kiesha, "Family Structure and Attachment and Their Role in Reducing Delinquency in the African American Family" (2002). Dissertations. 1338. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/1338 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FAMILY STRUCTURE AND ATTACHMENT AND THEIR ROLE IN REDUCING DELINQUENCY IN THE AFRICAN AMERICAN FAMILY by Kiesha Warren A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Sociology Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan August 2002 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. FAMILY STRUCTURE AND ATTACHMENT AND THEIR ROLE IN REDUCING DELINQUENCY IN THE AFRICAN AMERICAN FAMILY Kiesha Warren, Ph.D. Western Michigan University, 2002 The study uses data from the over sampling of African American youth (4,808) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to explore the relationship between family structure, attachment and their role in reducing delinquency. Using die element of attachment from Hirschi’s (1969) social control theory, this study examines the historical development of the various family structures and the role attachment plays in reducing delinquency in those family structures. The study uses structural equation modeling to test this hypothesis. This study shows that when attachment is present regardless of die family structure delinquency will be reduced. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quaiity of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. ProQuest Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 3065411 UMI UMI Microform 3065411 Copyright 2002 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Copyright by Kiesha Warren 2002 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES.........................................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................. vi CHAPTER T T V p r p A m T A T T A V 1 X. llN ................................................................................................................................................................. I Significance of the Study .........................................................................5 Overview of the Study ............................................................................ 7 H. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................... 8 Perspectives on the African American Family........................................ 8 Pathology........................................................................................ 9 Resilience of the African American Fam ily .................................11 Family Structure .....................................................................................15 Social Control.............................................................................. 22 Hypotheses............................................................................................ 34 Hypotheses .................................................................................. 34 m. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS .............................................................36 Data .............................................................................................. 36 Measures .................................................................................................39 Independent Variables.......................................................................... 39 Family Structure .......................................................................... 39 ii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Table of Contents-continued CHAPTER S ex.................................................................................................41 Attachment ...................................................................................41 Dependent Variables .............................................................................43 Delinquent Behavior .....................................................................43 Structural Equation M odeling ...............................................................44 IV. ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS.........................................................................47 Introduction ...........................................................................................47 Preliminary Analysis .............................................................................48 Evaluation of Goodness of F i t .............................................................51 Analysis of Models.................................................................................57 Saturated Models ...........................................................................59 Modified Models...........................................................................61 Findings .................................................................................................62 Preliminary Analysis .....................................................................62 Evaluation of Goodness of Fit .......................................................64 Analysis of Models .......................................................................64 Summary of Hypotheses and Research Questions .................................64 V. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION.............................................................69 Discussion of Results .............................................................................69 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Table of Contents-continued CHAPTER Effects of Sex on Attachment and Delinquency...........................71 Limitations of the Study .........................................................................71 Future Implications ...............................................................................77 APPENDICES A. Instrument for Measuring Family Structure ................................................... 82 B. Crosstabs for Family Structures ..................................................................... 85 C. Factor Analysis of All Variables ..................................................................... 91 D. Means and Standard Deviations for Attachment and the Three Dependent Variables...............................................................93 E. Human Subjects Institutional Review Board Approval Letters ..................... 95 BIBLIOGRAPHY.........................................................................................................98 iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF TABLES 1. Family Structures ...............................................................................................16 2. Frequencies of Family Structures .............................. ,.......................................40 3. Frequencies of Biological Sex .......................................................................
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