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Air Defence in Northern Europe
FINNISH DEFENCE STUDIES AIR DEFENCE IN NORTHERN EUROPE Heikki Nikunen National Defence College Helsinki 1997 Finnish Defence Studies is published under the auspices of the National Defence College, and the contributions reflect the fields of research and teaching of the College. Finnish Defence Studies will occasionally feature documentation on Finnish Security Policy. Views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily imply endorsement by the National Defence College. Editor: Kalevi Ruhala Editorial Assistant: Matti Hongisto Editorial Board: Chairman Prof. Pekka Sivonen, National Defence College Dr. Pauli Järvenpää, Ministry of Defence Col. Erkki Nordberg, Defence Staff Dr., Lt.Col. (ret.) Pekka Visuri, Finnish Institute of International Affairs Dr. Matti Vuorio, Scientific Committee for National Defence Published by NATIONAL DEFENCE COLLEGE P.O. Box 266 FIN - 00171 Helsinki FINLAND FINNISH DEFENCE STUDIES 10 AIR DEFENCE IN NORTHERN EUROPE Heikki Nikunen National Defence College Helsinki 1997 ISBN 951-25-0873-7 ISSN 0788-5571 © Copyright 1997: National Defence College All rights reserved Oy Edita Ab Pasilan pikapaino Helsinki 1997 INTRODUCTION The historical progress of air power has shown a continuous rising trend. Military applications emerged fairly early in the infancy of aviation, in the form of first trials to establish the superiority of the third dimension over the battlefield. Well- known examples include the balloon reconnaissance efforts made in France even before the birth of the aircraft, and it was not long before the first generation of flimsy, underpowered aircraft were being tested in a military environment. The Italians used aircraft for reconnaissance missions at Tripoli in 1910-1912, and the Americans made their first attempts at taking air power to sea as early as 1910-1911. -
Know the Past ...Shape the Future
FALL 2018 - Volume 65, Number 3 WWW.AFHISTORY.ORG know the past .....Shape the Future The Air Force Historical Foundation Founded on May 27, 1953 by Gen Carl A. “Tooey” Spaatz MEMBERSHIP BENEFITS and other air power pioneers, the Air Force Historical All members receive our exciting and informative Foundation (AFHF) is a nonprofi t tax exempt organization. Air Power History Journal, either electronically or It is dedicated to the preservation, perpetuation and on paper, covering: all aspects of aerospace history appropriate publication of the history and traditions of American aviation, with emphasis on the U.S. Air Force, its • Chronicles the great campaigns and predecessor organizations, and the men and women whose the great leaders lives and dreams were devoted to fl ight. The Foundation • Eyewitness accounts and historical articles serves all components of the United States Air Force— Active, Reserve and Air National Guard. • In depth resources to museums and activities, to keep members connected to the latest and AFHF strives to make available to the public and greatest events. today’s government planners and decision makers information that is relevant and informative about Preserve the legacy, stay connected: all aspects of air and space power. By doing so, the • Membership helps preserve the legacy of current Foundation hopes to assure the nation profi ts from past and future US air force personnel. experiences as it helps keep the U.S. Air Force the most modern and effective military force in the world. • Provides reliable and accurate accounts of historical events. The Foundation’s four primary activities include a quarterly journal Air Power History, a book program, a • Establish connections between generations. -
06-710-Italy-Defense.Englishocr.Pdf
TREATIES AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL ACTS SERIES 06-710 ________________________________________________________________________ DEFENSE Agreement between the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA and ITALY Signed at Ft. Belvoir and Rome June 2 and July 10, 2006 with Annexes NOTE BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE Pursuant to Public Law 89—497, approved July 8, 1966 (80 Stat. 271; 1 U.S.C. 113)— “. .the Treaties and Other International Acts Series issued under the authority of the Secretary of State shall be competent evidence . of the treaties, international agreements other than treaties, and proclamations by the President of such treaties and international agreements other than treaties, as the case may be, therein contained, in all the courts of law and equity and of maritime jurisdiction, and in all the tribunals and public offices of the United States, and of the several States, without any further proof or authentication thereof.” ITALY Defense Agreement signed at Ft. Belvoir and Rome June 2 and July 10, 2006; Entered into force July 10, 2006. With annexes. AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS REPRESENTED BY THE DEFENSE ENERGY SUPPORT CENTER AND THE ITALIAN AIR FORCE AS REPRESENTED BY THE LOGISTICAL COMMAND- SUPPORT SERVICES CONCERNING THE EXCHANGE AND REIMBURSEMENT OF AVIATION AND GROUND FUEL Dated: August 2, 2006 I certify that this is a true and complete copy of the original English text version of the Agreement Between the Department of Defense of the United States of America as represented by the Defense Energy Support Center and the Italian Air Force as represented by the Logistical Command-Support Services Concerning the Exchange and Reimbursement of Aviation and Ground Fuels. -
Fascist Italy's Aerial Defenses in the Second World War
Fascist Italy's Aerial Defenses in the Second World War CLAUDIA BALDOLI ABSTRACT This article focuses on Fascist Italy's active air defenses during the Second World War. It analyzes a number of crucial factors: mass production of anti- aircraft weapons and fighters; detection of enemy aircraft by deploying radar; coordination between the Air Ministry and the other ministries involved, as well as between the Air Force and the other armed services. The relationship between the government and industrialists, as well as that between the regime and its German ally, are also crucial elements of the story. The article argues that the history of Italian air defenses reflected many of the failures of the Fascist regime itself. Mussolini's strategy forced Italy to assume military responsibilities and economic commitments which it could not hope to meet. Moreover, industrial self-interest and inter-service rivalry combined to inhibit even more the efforts of the regime to protect its population, maintain adequate armaments output, and compete in technical terms with the Allies. KEYWORDS air defenses; Air Ministry; anti-aircraft weapons; bombing; Fascist Italy; Germany; radar; Second World War ____________________________ Introduction The political and ideological role of Italian air power worked as a metaphor for the regime as a whole, as recent historiography has shown. The champions of aviation, including fighter pilots who pursued and shot down enemy planes, represented the anthropological revolution at the heart of the totalitarian experiment.1 As the Fascist regime had practiced terrorist bombing on the civilian populations of Ethiopian and Spanish towns and villages before the Second World War, the Italian political and military leadership, press, and industrialists were all aware of the potential role of air 1. -
Saab HX Media Brief at Kauhava, Finland
SAAB HX UPDATE IN CONJUNCTION TO THE KAUHAVA AIRSHOW MEDIA BRIEF, KAUHAVA, FINLAND On site and live broadcast, August 28th 2020 11:30-12:30 (GMT+2) Welcome and introductions Anders Gardberg Country Manager, Finland 2 Agenda • Welcome and introduction Anders Gardberg, Country Manager Finland • CEO perspectives Micael Johansson, President and CEO of Saab • Saab and the HX programme Magnus Skogberg, Campaign Director HX • Gripen and GlobalEye for Finland • A Swedish Air Force perspective Col. Carl-Fredrik Edström, Chief Operations, Swedish Air Force • on Gripen and Finnish-Swedish cooperation • Concluding words and questions • End of press briefing at 12:30 After-talk and guided live-tour at Kauhava Airshow offered to our on-line viewers 3 Saab started in 1937 with the aim to ensure Security of Supply… 4 …also supporting Finland in the Winter War with the assembly of Brewster and Fiat fighters… 5 Saab’s broad portfolio 6 Continuing from 1946, supporting Finnish Defence Forces with high- tech products for all services … 7 Saab in Finland today • Growing from 70 to 130 employees since 2015, recruitments ongoing • Saab Finland Oy Helsinki, Tampere, Turku 40 employees • Combitech Oy, Tampere, Espoo, Jyväskylä, Säkylä 90 employees • Strategic research co-operation with Aalto University since 2017 • Long term research - advanced electronics, microwave technology, AI, hydro-acoustics • Technology Centre, Tampere – part of Saab’s global R&D organization • Competence centre for advanced EW capabilities • C2/9LV System Centre being established as -
Military & Defense
Power Air Cables Hoses MILITARY & DEFENSE ITW GSE Equipment and Accessories Reliable Technology for Military & Defense Applications THE SMART CHOICE ITW GSE leads the industry in ground support YOU CAN RELY ON US equipment for fighter aircraft. We provide ITW GSE’s manufacturing processes are equipment and accessories with the latest in streamlined to ensure homogeneous products technology and innovation including clean and based on quality components. Therefore, we can green battery powered units. offer highly reliable products and fast delivery ITW GSE has supported military and defense times. Prior to shipment, all units are fully tested applications worldwide for more than 50 years toand inspected to ensure you are receiving the include the most advanced fighter platforms suchoptimum quality. as the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, F-16 Falcon, F-18 Hornet, F-15 Eagle, F-22A Raptor, the T-50 and C-130 and more. We also supply equipment for UAV and UAS. Our products are dependable, of high quality, easy to operate and maintain. MILITARY STANDARDS WITH As an ITW company (Illinois Tool Works Inc.), we MAXIMUM PERSONAL SAFETY have a unique way of doing business, and financial Our units meet and exceed MIL-STD-704E and they strength you can depend on. At our core is the can operate under harsh climatic conditions - from talent and dedication of our people. We focus on the very cold surroundings in Alaska till the hot what we do best, and we strive to do it better than conditions of the Middle East. They can be equipped anyone else. We share knowledge, and we learn with military interlock and other features as well. -
The US Army Air Forces in WWII
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE Air Force Historical Studies Office 28 June 2011 Errata Sheet for the Air Force History and Museum Program publication: With Courage: the United States Army Air Forces in WWII, 1994, by Bernard C. Nalty, John F. Shiner, and George M. Watson. Page 215 Correct: Second Lieutenant Lloyd D. Hughes To: Second Lieutenant Lloyd H. Hughes Page 218 Correct Lieutenant Hughes To: Second Lieutenant Lloyd H. Hughes Page 357 Correct Hughes, Lloyd D., 215, 218 To: Hughes, Lloyd H., 215, 218 Foreword In the last decade of the twentieth century, the United States Air Force commemorates two significant benchmarks in its heritage. The first is the occasion for the publication of this book, a tribute to the men and women who served in the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War 11. The four years between 1991 and 1995 mark the fiftieth anniversary cycle of events in which the nation raised and trained an air armada and com- mitted it to operations on a scale unknown to that time. With Courage: U.S.Army Air Forces in World War ZZ retells the story of sacrifice, valor, and achievements in air campaigns against tough, determined adversaries. It describes the development of a uniquely American doctrine for the application of air power against an opponent's key industries and centers of national life, a doctrine whose legacy today is the Global Reach - Global Power strategic planning framework of the modern U.S. Air Force. The narrative integrates aspects of strategic intelligence, logistics, technology, and leadership to offer a full yet concise account of the contributions of American air power to victory in that war. -
Air & Space Power Journal
January–February 2015 Volume 29, No. 1 AFRP 10-1 Senior Leader Perspective A Rebalance Strategy for Pacific Air Forces ❙ 6 Flight Plan to Runways and Relationships Brig Gen Steven L. Basham, USAF Maj Nelson D. Rouleau, USAF Feature Operationalizing Air-Sea Battle in the Pacific ❙ 20 Maj William H. Ballard, USAF Col Mark C. Harysch, USAF, Retired Col Kevin J. Cole, USAF, Retired Byron S. Hall Departments 48 ❙ Views Pacific Air Forces’ Power Projection ❙ 48 Sustaining Peace, Prosperity, and Freedom Lt Col David A. Williamson, USAF Back to the Future ❙ 61 Integrated Air and Missile Defense in the Pacific Kenneth R. Dorner Maj William B. Hartman, USAF Maj Jason M. Teague, USAF To Enable and Sustain ❙ 79 Pacific Air Forces’ Theater Security Cooperation as a Line of Operation Lt Col Jeffrey B. Warner, USAF Empowered Commanders ❙ 99 The Cornerstone to Agile, Flexible Command and Control Maj Eric Theriault, USAF Resilient Airmen ❙ 112 Pacific Air Forces’ Critical Enabler Maj Cody G. Gravitt, USAF Capt Greg Long, USAF Command Chief Harold L. Hutchison, USAF 131 ❙ Commentary Leading Millennials ❙ 131 An Approach That Works Col S. Clinton Hinote, USAF Col Timothy J. Sundvall, USAF 139 ❙ Ricochets & Replies A Global Space Control Strategy ❙ 139 Theresa Hitchens, Former Director, United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research 141 ❙ Book Reviews The Human Factors of Fratricide . 141 Laura A. Rafferty, Neville A. Stanton, and Guy H. Walker Reviewer: Nathan Albright Digital Apollo: Human and Machine in Spaceflight . 143 David A. Mindell Reviewer: 2nd Lt Jessica Wong, USAF Lessons from the Hanoi Hilton: Six Characteristics of High-Performance Teams . -
Curriculum Vitae
CURRICULUM VITAE Max A.L.T. Nielsen Lieutenant General Military Representative to NATO and EU DATE OF BIRTH: November 6. 1963 PRIVATE: Married to Berit Thorsø Nielsen. Two children and three grandchildren. MILITARY EDUCATION: 1983 Conscript 1984 NCO School 1985 Control, Reporting and Fighter Control Education 1986 - 1988 Officers Basic Course 1991 Junior Joint Staff Course 1991 - 1992 Officers Advanced Course 1995 - 1996 Air Command and Staff College, US 2011 NATO Defense College, Rome, IT. MILITARY CAREER: 1984 Sergeant 1987 Lieutenant 1988 First Lieutenant 1992 Captain 1996 Major 2001 Lieutenant Colonel 2005 Colonel 2008 Brigadier General 2014 Major General 2017 Lieutenant General ASSIGNMENTS: 1984 Section Commander, Training Platoon/Air Base Skrydstrup 1987 Platoon Commander, Training Squadron/Air Base Aalborg 1988 Fighter & SAM Control Officer, C&R Group, 602 SQN Airbase/Skrydstrup 1992 Air Defence Operations Officer/ICAOC 1 Finderup 1993 Staff Officer, Training Branch/Tactical Air Command Denmark 1994 Staff Officer, Policy Branch/Tactical Air Command Denmark 1996 Chief of Air Operations Branch/Tactical Air Command Denmark 1998 Staff Officer and Deputy Head, Policy Branch/Defence Command Denmark 2000 Staff Officer Operations, 1st Office/Ministry of Defence. 2001 Chief of Staff & Acting Commandant/Royal Danish Air Force Academy 2002 Chief of Operations Branch/Defence Command Denmark 2005 Military Assistant to the Deputy Commander/NATO Training Mission-Iraq. Baghdad 2005 Chief of Executive Office/Defence Commander Denmark 2008 Chief -
World Air Forces Flight 2011/2012 International
SPECIAL REPORT WORLD AIR FORCES FLIGHT 2011/2012 INTERNATIONAL IN ASSOCIATION WITH Secure your availability. Rely on our performance. Aircraft availability on the flight line is more than ever essential for the Air Force mission fulfilment. Cooperating with the right industrial partner is of strategic importance and key to improving Air Force logistics and supply chain management. RUAG provides you with new options to resource your mission. More than 40 years of flight line management make us the experienced and capable partner we are – a partner you can rely on. RUAG Aviation Military Aviation · Seetalstrasse 175 · P.O. Box 301 · 6032 Emmen · Switzerland Legal domicile: RUAG Switzerland Ltd · Seetalstrasse 175 · P.O. Box 301 · 6032 Emmen Tel. +41 41 268 41 11 · Fax +41 41 260 25 88 · [email protected] · www.ruag.com WORLD AIR FORCES 2011/2012 CONTENT ANALYSIS 4 Worldwide active fleet per region 5 Worldwide active fleet share per country 6 Worldwide top 10 active aircraft types 8 WORLD AIR FORCES World Air Forces directory 9 TO FIND OUT MORE ABOUT FLIGHTGLOBAL INSIGHT AND REPORT SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES, CONTACT: Flightglobal Insight Quadrant House, The Quadrant Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5AS, UK Tel: + 44 208 652 8724 Email:LQVLJKW#ÁLJKWJOREDOFRP Website: ZZZÁLJKWJOREDOFRPLQVLJKt World Air Forces 2011/2012 | Flightglobal Insight | 3 WORLD AIR FORCES 2011/2012 The French and Qatari air forces deployed Mirage 2000-5s for the fight over Libya JOINT RESPONSE Air arms around the world reacted to multiple challenges during 2011, despite fleet and budget cuts. We list the current inventories and procurement plans of 160 nations. -
The Austro-Hungarian Hangars in Mostar - Part II
ISSN 2232-9080 e-Zbornik 19/2020. Received: 06.02.2020. Accepted: 07.05.2020. Electronic collection of papers of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Preliminary communication The Austro-Hungarian hangars in Mostar - Part II Gottfried Holzschuh Art, construction and aviation historian, archaeologist, Vienna, Ph.D. Curator (ret.) of the Esterházy Collections, Eisenstadt, [email protected] Abstract: The first part of the survey covers the history of the Austro-Hungarian "Air Base", "Aviation Park no. 4" and "Reserve Squadron 11", which were stationed in Mostar between 1913 and 1918. The airfield of Mostar-Rodoč, evaluated as early as in 1912, was one of the oldest in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. The Imperial and Royal Army Air Service used it for basic pilot training in World War I. The second part is an expertise for the salvage, conservation and restoration of the four still existing Austro-Hungarian hangars at the former Mostar-Rodoč airfield in view of protection of historical monuments. Erected in 1917/18, these hangars are the oldest witnesses of aviation in Bosnia and Hercegovina. Because of their genuine and very efficient construction, they should be preserved as unique examples of technical and engineering architecture. One hangar of exactly the same type, restored in 2013 in Krakow, is now part of Poland's cultural heritage. Structural calculations have shown that these Austro-Hungarian hangars comply with modern EU building regulations. All used documents and plans from the Austrian State Archives/War Archives (ÖStA/KA) in Vienna are still unpublished. The paper is therefore the first scientific analysis of Austro-Hungarian aviation and its architecture in Bosnia and Hercegovina. -
U.S. Army Europe Aviators Join Multinational Colleagues at Niederstetten Air Show
U.S. Army Europe aviators join multinational colleagues at Niederstetten air show Sept. 21, 2011 By U.S. Army Europe Public Affairs Photo credit Sgt. Joel Salgado Chief Warrant Officer 2 Russell Grau, a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter pilot with 5th Battalion, 158th General Aviation Support Battalion, 12t Combat Aviation Brigade, guides a German family through a tour of his aircraft at the 2011 Neiderstetten air show at Hermann-Köhl-Kaserne in Niederstetten, Germany, Sept. 18. The U.S. crews were joined in the show by fellow aviators from Germany, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Poland and the Czech Republic. HEIDELBERG, Germany – Not even a torrential downpour could keep Soldiers from U.S. Army Europe's 12th Combat Aviation Brigade from the 2011 Niederstetten air show, at Social Media: the Hermann-Köhl-Kaserne in Niederstetten, Germany September 18. Facebook The CAB's 2nd Battalion, 159th Aviation Regiment sent an AH-64 Apache attack Twitter helicopter with its pilot and co-pilot to participate in the show. They were joined by crew YouTube members from the 5th Battalion, 158th General Support Aviation Battalion who added one UH-60 Black Hawk utility helicopter and one CH-47 Chinook cargo helicopter to the Flickr event. The USAREUR aviators were joined by air crews from Germany, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Poland and the Czech Republic who also came to showcase their various aircraft in flight and static displays. The air show celebrated the 40th anniversary of the Bundeswehr's Army Aviators Transport Helicopter Regiment 30 and the 50th anniversary of the Bundeswehr presence at the airfield, according to the show's website.