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Studies on Language Change. Working Papers in Linguistics No. 34
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 286 382 FL 016 932 AUTHOR Joseph, Brian D., Ed. TITLE Studies on Language Change. Working Papers in Linguistics No. 34. INSTITUTION Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Dept. of Linguistics. PUB DATE Dec 86 NOTE 171p. PUB TYPE Reports - Evaluative/Feasibility (142) -- Collected Works - General (020) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC07 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Arabic; Diachronic Linguistics; Dialects; *Diglossia; English; Estonian; *Etymology; Finnish; Foreign Countries; Language Variation; Linguistic Borrowing; *Linguistic Theory; *Morphemes; *Morphology (Languages); Old English; Sanskrit; Sociolinguistics; Syntax; *Uncommonly Taught Languages; Word Frequency IDENTIFIERS Saame ABSTRACT A collection of papers relevant to historical linguistics and description and explanation of language change includes: "Decliticization and Deaffixation in Saame: Abessive 'taga'" (Joel A. Nevis); "Decliticization in Old Estonian" (Joel A. Nevis); "On Automatic and Simultaneous Syntactic Changes" (Brian D. Joseph); "Loss of Nominal Case Endings in the Modern Arabic Sedentary Dialects" (Ann M. Miller); "One Rule or Many? Sanskrit Reduplication as Fragmented Affixation" (Richard D. Janda, Brian D. Joseph); "Fragmentation of Strong Verb Ablaut in Old English" (Keith Johnson); "The Etymology of 'bum': Mere Child's Play" (Mary E. Clark, Brian D. Joseph); "Small Group Lexical Innovation: Some Examples" (Christopher Kupec); "Word Frequency and Dialect Borrowing" (Debra A. Stollenwerk); "Introspection into a Stable Case of Variation in Finnish" (Riitta Valimaa-Blum); -
Rajputana & Ajmer-Merwara, Vol-XXIV, Rajasthan
PREFACE CENSUS TAKING, IT HAS RECENTLY BEEN explained by the Census Commissioner for India, should be regarded primarily as a detached collection and presentation of certain facts in tabular form for the use and consultation of the whole country, and, for that matter, the whole world. Conclusions are for ot.hers to draw. It is upon this understanding of their purpose that Tables have been printed in this volume with only the ,barest notes necessary to explain such points as definitions, change of areas, etc. But perhaps the word , barest' is too bare and requires some covering. In the past it has been customary to preface the Tables with many pages of text, devoted to providing some general description of the area concerned and supported by copious Subsidiary Tables and comparisons with data collected in other provinces, countries and states. On this occasion there is no prefatory text, no provision of extraneous comparisons, and Subsidiary Tables have virtually been made part of the Tables themselves. We may agree that the present method of presentation has much to recommend it. Those who seriously study census statistics at least can be presumed to be able to draw their own deductions: they do not need a guide constantly at their side, and indeed may actually resent his well-intentioned efforts. All that they require are t,he bare facts. Yet such people must ever constitute a very small minority. 'Vhat of the others-the vast majority of the public? It is hardly to be expected that they can be lured to Census Tavern by the offer of such coarse fare. -
Ācārya Kundakunda's
Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pravacanasāra – Essence of the Doctrine vkpk;Zizopulkj dqUndqUn fojfpr Divine Blessings: Ācārya 108 Vidyānanda Muni VIJAY K. JAIN Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pravacanasāra – Essence of the Doctrine vkpk;Z dqUndqUn fojfpr izopulkj Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pravacanasāra – Essence of the Doctrine vkpk;Z dqUndqUn fojfpr izopulkj Divine Blessings: Ācārya 108 Vidyānanda Muni Vijay K. Jain fodYi Front cover: Charming black idol of Lord Pārśvanātha, the 7 twenty-third Tīrthańkara 1 in a Jain temple (Terāpanthī Kothī) at Shri Sammed Shikharji, y k. Jain, 20 Jharkhand, India. Pic Vija Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pravacanasāra – Essence of the Doctrine Vijay K. Jain Non-Copyright This work may be reproduced, translated and published in any language without any special permission provided that it is true to the original and that a mention is made of the source. ISBN: 978-81-932726-1-9 Rs. 600/- Published, in the year 2018, by: Vikalp Printers Anekant Palace, 29 Rajpur Road Dehradun-248001 (Uttarakhand) India www.vikalpprinters.com E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: (0135) 2658971 Printed at: Vikalp Printers, Dehradun (iv) eaxy vk'khokZn & ije iwT; fl¼kUrpØorhZ 'osrfiPNkpk;Z 108 Jh fo|kuUn th eqfujkt vkxegh.kks le.kks .ksoIik.ka ija fo;k.kkfn A vfotk.karks vRFks [kosfn dEekf.k fd/ fHkD[kw AA & vkpk;Z dqUndqUn ^izopulkj* xkFkk 3&33 vFkZ & vkxeghu Je.k vkRek dks vkSj ij dks fu'p;dj ugha tkurk gS vkSj tho&vthokfn inkFkks± dks ugha tkurk gqvk eqfu leLr deks± dk {k; dSls dj ldrk gS\ vkpk;Z dqUndqUn dk ^izopulkj* okLro esa ,d cgqr gh egku xzUFk -
REPORT of the Indian States Enquiry Committee (Financial) "1932'
EAST INDIA (CONSTITUTIONAL REFORMS) REPORT of the Indian States Enquiry Committee (Financial) "1932' Presented by the Secretary of State for India to Parliament by Command of His Majesty July, 1932 LONDON PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE To be purchased directly from H^M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addresses Adastral House, Kingsway, London, W.C.2; 120, George Street, Edinburgh York Street, Manchester; i, St. Andrew’s Crescent, Cardiff 15, Donegall Square West, Belfast or through any Bookseller 1932 Price od. Net Cmd. 4103 A House of Commons Parliamentary Papers Online. Copyright (c) 2006 ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. The total cost of the Indian States Enquiry Committee (Financial) 4 is estimated to be a,bout £10,605. The cost of printing and publishing this Report is estimated by H.M. Stationery Ofdce at £310^ House of Commons Parliamentary Papers Online. Copyright (c) 2006 ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page,. Paras. of Members .. viii Xietter to Frim& Mmister 1-2 Chapter I.—^Introduction 3-7 1-13 Field of Enquiry .. ,. 3 1-2 States visited, or with whom discussions were held .. 3-4 3-4 Memoranda received from States.. .. .. .. 4 5-6 Method of work adopted by Conunittee .. .. 5 7-9 Official publications utilised .. .. .. .. 5. 10 Questions raised outside Terms of Reference .. .. 6 11 Division of subject-matter of Report .., ,.. .. ^7 12 Statistic^information 7 13 Chapter n.—^Historical. Survey 8-15 14-32 The d3masties of India .. .. .. .. .. 8-9 14-20 Decay of the Moghul Empire and rise of the Mahrattas. -
AN EXPERIENCE of TRANSLATING NEPALI GRAMMAR INTO ENGLISH Govinda Raj Bhattarai and Bal Ram Adhikari [email protected]; [email protected]
AN EXPERIENCE OF TRANSLATING NEPALI GRAMMAR INTO ENGLISH Govinda Raj Bhattarai and Bal Ram Adhikari [email protected]; [email protected] 1. Introduction Translating a grammar from one language to another sounds impossible because two languages differ basically in terms of grammar which stands for different components from sound to discourse units. Despite this fact, the world has translated grammar between languages, as it is the most authentic door to enter into another language, its structure, form and function. Greek grammars were translated into Latin and it is from Latin that many western grammars have been reshaped, some in translation, some in adaptation and others in considerable degree of borrowing as well. The grammars of all young languages undergo such a process in course of evolution. This applies to Nepali as well. Pande's Chandrika Gorkha Bhasa Vyakaran (1912) and Sharma's Madhya Chandrika (1919) (quoted in Schmidt and Dahal 1993: x) are some seminal works in Nepali grammar. These works in their attempt to codify and describe the Nepali language adopted the model of Sanskrit grammar. The modern Nepali grammar has evolved through a long and exacting process. Whitney's Sanskrit Grammar (1879) is a best example of translation of classical grammar into contemporary languages. There have been some efforts made in Nepali too. Some works like Ayton (1820), Turnbull (1888) Kilgour and Duncan (1922), Turner (1931), Clark (1963) and Matthews (1984) border between translation and restructuring. Many other foreign scholars have contributed towards writing Nepali grammar till date. They have laid the foundation stone of Nepali grammar in English. -
Gadre 1943.Pdf
- Sri Pratapasimha Maharaja Rajyabhisheka Grantha-maia MEMOIR No. II. IMPORTANT INSCRIPTIONS FROM THE BARODA STATE. * Vol. I. Price Rs. 5-7-0 A. S. GADRE INTRODUCTION I have ranch pleasure in writing a short introduction to Memoir No, II in 'Sri Pratapsinh Maharaja Rajyabhisheka Grantharnala Series', Mr, Gadre has edited 12 of the most important epigraphs relating to this part of India some of which are now placed before the public for the first time. of its These throw much light on the history Western India and social and economic institutions, It is hoped that a volume containing the Persian inscriptions will be published shortly. ' ' Dilaram V. T, KRISHNAMACHARI, | Baroda, 5th July 1943. j Dewan. ii FOREWORD The importance of the parts of Gujarat and Kathiawad under the rule of His Highness the Gaekwad of Baroda has been recognised by antiquarians for a the of long time past. The antiquities of Dabhoi and architecture Northern the Archaeo- Gujarat have formed subjects of special monographs published by of India. The Government of Baroda did not however realise the logical Survey of until a necessity of establishing an Archaeological Department the State nearly decade ago. It is hoped that this Department, which has been conducting very useful work in all branches of archaeology, will continue to flourish under the the of enlightened rule of His Highness Maharaja Gaekwad Baroda. , There is limitless scope for the activities of the Archaeological Department in Baroda. The work of the first Gujarat Prehistoric Research Expedition in of the cold weather of 1941-42 has brought to light numerous remains stone age and man in the Vijapuf and Karhi tracts in the North and in Sankheda basin. -
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This PDF was generated on 20/12/2016 from online resources as part of the Qatar Digital Library's digital archive. The online record contains extra information, high resolution zoomable views and transcriptions. It can be viewed at: http://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023494119.0x000001 Reference Photo 430/78 Title Curzon Collection: 'Coronation Durbar, Delhi, 1903. Of His Majesty King Edward VII. Viceroy. Baron Curzon of Kedleston, P.C., G.M.S.I., G.M.I.E.' (Crookshank) Date(s) 1903 (CE, Gregorian) Written in English in Latin Extent and Format 1 red full-leather, published album (207 pages) containing 133 photographic lightly tipped onto album pages with letterpress captions preceding. Holding Institution British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers Copyright for document Public Domain About this record Imprint: The Coronation Durbar, Delhi, 1903 (London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1903) Genre/Subject Matter: The volume is a specially published edition, under the imprint of Bourne and Shepherd and printed by Eyre & Spottiswoode, London. The title page and four page introduction are followed by prints lightly tipped onto the album pages, each preceded by a sheet of letterpress caption. The volume provides a comprehensive record of the events and personalities involved in the Durbar, summed up in the introduction as follows: 'The Delhi Durbar Photo Biographic Album is designed as a pictorial rather than a historical record of the Coronation Durbar. The photographs which it is composed of have been chosen from an immense collection of portraits and views far beyond the compass of any single volume. The pictures here given represent the important visitors, Princes, delegates, functions, etc., and constitute the most perfect and complete reproduction in photography of an Imperial celebration which will live in the minds of men as the greatest of its kind in the history of the modern world.' The album presents a particularly fine series of portraits of Indian princes who attended the Durbar. -
On Corresponding Sanskrit Words for the Prakrit Term Posaha: with Special Reference to Śrāvakācāra Texts
International Journal of Jaina Studies (Online) Vol. 13, No. 2 (2017) 1-17 ON CORRESPONDING SANSKRIT WORDS FOR THE PRAKRIT TERM POSAHA: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ŚRĀVAKĀCĀRA TEXTS Kazuyoshi Hotta 1. Introduction In Brahmanism, the upavasathá purification rite has been practiced on the day prior to the performance of a Vedic ritual. We can find descriptions of this purification rite in Brahmanical texts, such as ŚBr 1.1.1.7, which states as follows. For assuredly, (he argued,) the gods see through the mind of man; they know that, when he enters on this vow, he means to sacrifice to them the next morning. Therefore all the gods betake themselves to his house, and abide by (him or the fires, upa-vas) in his house; whence this (day) is called upa-vasatha (Tr. Eggeling 1882: 4f.).1 This rite was then incorporated into Jainism and Buddhism in different ways, where it is known under names such as posaha or uposatha in Prakrit and Pāli. Buddhism adopted and developed the rite mainly as a ritual for mendicants. Many descriptions of this rite can be found in Buddhist vinaya texts. Furthermore, this rite is practiced until today throughout Buddhist Asia. On the other hand, Jainism has employed the rite mainly as a practice for the laity. Therefore, descriptions of Jain posaha are found in the group of texts called Śrāvakācāra, which contain the code of conduct for the laity. There are many forms of Śrāvakācāra texts. Some are independent texts, while others form part of larger works. Many of them consist mainly of the twelve vrata (restraints) and eleven pratimā (stages of renunciation) that should be observed by * This paper is an expanded version of Hotta 2014 and the contents of a paper delivered at the 19th Jaina Studies Workshop, “Jainism and Buddhism” (18 March 2017, SOAS). -
The Jaina Cult of Relic Stūpas
The Jaina Cult of Relic Stūpas Peter Flügel1 (SOAS) Abstract This article gives an overview of recent findings on the thriving cult of bone relic stūpas in contemporary Jaina culture. Although Jaina doctrine rejects the worship of material objects, fieldwork in India on the hitherto unstudied current Jaina mortuary rituals furnished clear evidence for the ubiquity of bone relic stūpas and relic venera- tion across the Jaina sectarian spectrum. The article discusses a representative case and assesses the significance of the overall findings for the history of religions. It also offers a new theoretical explanation of the power of relics. Keywords Jaina relic stūpas, mortuary rituals, Vallabha Samudāya, cultural unconscious, theory of generalized symbolic media, relics as social forms 1) I am indebted to Ācārya Vijaya Virendra Sūri, Muni Rajendra Vijaya, Sādhvī Suvratā Śrī, Rāj Kumār Jain, Tejpāl Jain, Vinod N. Dalal, Kīrti Prasād Jain, N. P. Jain, S. Sheth, M. P. Sheth and other members and supporters of the Vallabha Samudāya for their generous help during field research in India, and to Janet Leigh Foster for enhancing the quality of the photos of images selected from the photo albums of the Vallabha Smāraka which were taken with permission. Without the support of Ācārya Mahāprajña, Ācārya Śivmuni, Pravartaka Umeśmuni, Salāhakāra Dineś Muni, Upap- ravartaka Gautama Muni, Sādhvī Ārcanā, Mūḍabidarī Bhatṭ ārakạ Cārukīrti, Sohanlāl Sañcetī, and other Jains in India, my research on Jaina relic stūpas would not have been possible. I would like to thank all of them. I also wish to express my gratitude to Bansidhar Bhatt, Willem B. -
Proceedings of Conference on Indian Culture Held in Mumbai University on 16Th – 17Th September 2011
Proceedings of Conference on Indian Culture held in Mumbai University on 16th – 17th September 2011 Organized by Institute of Indo-Aryan Studies in association with Department of Philosophy University of Mumbai PROCEEDINGS OF CONFERENCE ON INDIAN CULTURE Conference held in Mumbai University, Mumbai 16th – 17th September 2011 Organized by Institute of Indo-Aryan Studies in association with Department of Philosophy, University of Mumbai Editors Dr. (Mrs.) Meenal Katarnikar Reader, Department of Philosophy, University of Mumbai Dr. Debesh C. Patra Member, Institute of Indo-Aryan Studies Contact [email protected] [email protected] Website: www.srisrithakuranukulchandra.com Copyright © Institute of Indo-Aryan Studies 2011 Price: Rs. 125/- GUIDE TO THE PROCEEDINGS Editorial Conference on Indian Culture - vii Confluence of Multiple Streams of Research Dr. (Mrs.) Meenal Katarnikar and Dr. Debesh C. Patra Keynote Address 1. Indian Culture – An Integration of Eternity and Science 1 Dr. Tapan Kumar Jena 2. Education and Spirituality 7 Dr. B.S.K. Naidu Theme 1 : Balanced Growth of a Person 3. Accomplishment, Achievement & Success – Do, Be & Get: Theory 13 of Action as Propounded by Sri Sri Thakur Anukul Chandra Dr. Debesh C. Patra 4. Three Pillars of Man Making Mission 29 Dr. Srikumar Mukherjee 5. Marriage and Procreation : Its Cultural Context 37 Dr. Bharat Vachharajani Theme 2 : Social Dynamics on a Spiritual Foundation 6. Hindu Law of Woman’s Property 60 Dr. Anagha Joshi 7. Status of Woman Ascetics in Jaina and Buddhist Tradition 65 Prof. Archana S. Malik-Goure 8. Social Dynamics in Madhvacarya’s Bhagavata Dharma 78 Mrs. Mita M. Shenoy Theme 3 : Comparative Religion 9. -
What the Upanisads Teach
What the Upanisads Teach by Suhotra Swami Part One The Muktikopanisad lists the names of 108 Upanisads (see Cd Adi 7. 108p). Of these, Srila Prabhupada states that 11 are considered to be the topmost: Isa, Kena, Katha, Prasna, Mundaka, Mandukya, Taittiriya, Aitareya, Chandogya, Brhadaranyaka and Svetasvatara . For the first 10 of these 11, Sankaracarya and Madhvacarya wrote commentaries. Besides these commentaries, in their bhasyas on Vedanta-sutra they have cited passages from Svetasvatara Upanisad , as well as Subala, Kausitaki and Mahanarayana Upanisads. Ramanujacarya commented on the important passages of 9 of the first 10 Upanisads. Because the first 10 received special attention from the 3 great bhasyakaras , they are called Dasopanisad . Along with the 11 listed as topmost by Srila Prabhupada, 3 which Sankara and Madhva quoted in their sutra-bhasyas -- Subala, Kausitaki and Mahanarayana Upanisads --are considered more important than the remaining 97 Upanisads. That is because these 14 Upanisads are directly referred to by Srila Vyasadeva himself in Vedanta-sutra . Thus the 14 Upanisads of Vedanta are: Isa, Kena, Katha, Prasna, Mundaka, Mandukya, Aitareya, Taittiriya, Brhadaranyaka, Chandogya, Svetasvatara, Kausitaki, Subala and Mahanarayana. These 14 belong to various portions of the 4 Vedas-- Rg, Yajus, Sama and Atharva. Of the 14, 8 ( Brhadaranyaka, Chandogya, Taittrirya, Mundaka, Katha, Aitareya, Prasna and Svetasvatara ) are employed by Vyasa in sutras that are considered especially important. In the Gaudiya Vaisnava sampradaya , Srila Baladeva Vidyabhusana shines as an acarya of vedanta-darsana. Other great Gaudiya acaryas were not met with the need to demonstrate the link between Mahaprabhu's siksa and the Upanisads and Vedanta-sutra. -
Rukmini Haran
Rukmini Haran Venue: Amravati, Nov 2003 Srimad Bhagvatam chapters 52 and 53 and in the middle of chapter 52 there is pastime kidnapping of Rukmini. Rajo vaca King Pariksit was very inquisitive to know, Sukhdev Goswami has made brief mention of “vaidarbhim bhismaka-sutam” (S.B 10.52.16) Rukmini is daughter of King Bhismaka and as soon as topic of her marriage came King Pariksit became inquires to know please tell me more! “rucirananam” Rukmini very sweet faced “rucirananam”. “krsnasyamita-tejasah bhagvan srorum icchami” (S.B 10.52.18) then the unlimited prowess of the Lord. Sukhdev Gosami begins narration “rajasid bhismako nama” so then once upon a time there was a King Bhismaka he was ruling state of kingdom called “vidarbhadhupatir mahantasya pancabhavan putrah” he had 5 sons “kanyaika ca varanana” (S.B 10.52.21). He had one very beautiful daughter, 5 brothers of Rukmini have been mentioned. Introduction to Rukmini “sopasrutya mukundasya rupa-virya-guna-sriyah” (S.B 10.52.23). Rukmini she used to hear about rupa– form, beauty, virya, guna-qualities of Mukunda and result was “mene sadrsam patim” (S.B 10.52.23). I would like to have person like him as my husband. And then Krishna also had been hearing in Dwaraka about the intelligent Rukmini, the audarya – charitable, magnanimous personality of Rukmini, her beauty and her character and in Dwaraka Krishna also had made up his mind. I ever get wife I would like wife like this, the description that I had been hearing about Rukmini. So both of them were all set mind was set, mind was fixed.