DOCSLIB.ORG

Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric the Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12Th Edition Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric the Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12Th Edition Pdf FREE LOGIC AND CONTEMPORARY RHETORIC THE USE OF REASON IN EVERYDAY LIFE 12TH EDITION PDF Nancy M Cavender | 9781133942283 | | | | | Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric: The Use of Reason in Everyday Life by Nancy M. Cavender Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read. Want to Read saving…. Want to Read Currently Reading Read. Other editions. Enlarge cover. Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Open Preview See a Problem? Details if other :. Thanks for telling us about the problem. Return to Book Page. Cavender. Howard Kahane. This classic text has introduced tens of thousands of students to sound reasoning using a wealth of current, relevant, and stimulating examples all put together and explained in a witty and invigorating writing style. Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric The Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12th edition text not only brings the concepts to life for students but also puts critical-thinking skills into a context that students will retain and use throughout their lives. Get A Copy. Paperbackpages. Published January 1st by Cengage Learning first published February 9th More Details Other Editions 4. Friend Reviews. To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up. To ask other readers questions about Logic and Contemporary Rhetoricplease sign up. Be the first to ask a question about Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric. Lists with This Book. This book is not yet featured on Listopia. Community Reviews. Showing Average rating 3. Rating details. All Languages. More filters. Sort order. April Pastis rated it liked it Nov 02, David Goeke rated it it was ok Jun 26, Gary Green rated it it was amazing Jan 01, Taoufik Znibae rated it liked it Nov 19, Daniel Haug rated it really liked it Nov 23, Hadi rated it it was ok May 07, Ariful Islam rated it liked it Feb 18, Brendan Betancourt rated it liked it Jul 20, Steven Rumfelt rated it really liked it Dec 06, Jenni rated it liked it Dec 30, Batya rated it liked it Oct 17, Rambling Reader rated it liked it Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric The Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12th edition 17, Christine Murdock rated it really liked it Sep 07, Lehlohonolo Matseba rated it it was amazing Aug 17, Elizabeth Benson rated it liked it Jul 31, Aaron Hembree rated it really liked it Apr 27, Evan rated it really liked it Dec 01, Kathryn Wheeler rated it liked it Nov 01, Ron rated it liked it Dec 21, Desire rated it liked it Aug 20, Sycoe rated it did not like it Mar 31, Sev added it Aug 06, Tanya marked it as to-read Sep 19, Bibi added it May 14, Finn added it Jun 11, Nicole Toy is currently reading it Jan 29, Cynosure marked it as to-read Jun 28, Debra Paige marked it as to-read Dec 07, Nicholas Feidt added it Mar 10, Ashley Rivano marked it as to-read Apr 02, John Richard marked it as to-read Apr 09, Jonni Jones added it Jun 20, Chris marked it as to-read Jul 13, Sarah Bayless marked it as to-read Aug 24, Leonardo Masolini marked it as to-read Oct 07, Laura marked it as to-read Jan 14, Roxana Ciurean marked it as to-read Jan 25, K marked Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric The Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12th edition as to-read Feb 25, Wsquare Weiwen marked it as to-read Mar 03, Rosalia Vallejo-McHattie marked it as to-read May 28, Vishal Gupta added it Aug 10, There are no discussion topics on this book yet. Readers also enjoyed. About Nancy M. Nancy M. Books by Nancy M. Escape the Present with These 24 Historical Romances. You know the saying: There's no time like the present In that case, we can't Read more Trivia About Logic and Contemp No trivia or quizzes yet. Welcome back. Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account. Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric: The Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12th Edition - EbookHD Goodreads helps you keep Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric The Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12th edition of books you want to read. Want to Read saving…. Want to Read Currently Reading Read. Other editions. Enlarge cover. Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Open Preview See a Problem? Details if other :. Thanks for telling us about the problem. Return to Book Page. This text introduces readers to good reasoning using a wealth of current, relevant, and stimulating examples all put together in Howard Kahane's witty and invigorating writing style. Examples from TV, newspapers, magazines, advertisements, and of course, our political institutions, not only bring the concepts alive for readers, but put them into a context that readers will This text introduces readers to good reasoning using a wealth of current, relevant, and stimulating examples all put together in Howard Kahane's witty and invigorating writing style. Examples from TV, newspapers, magazines, advertisements, and of course, our political institutions, not only bring the concepts alive for readers, but put them into a context that readers will retain and use throughout their lives. Get A Copy. Paperbackpages. Published August 13th by Wadsworth Publishing Company first published More Details Original Title. Other Editions Friend Reviews. To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up. To ask other readers questions about Logic and Contemporary Rhetoricplease sign up. Be the first to ask a question about Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric. Lists with This Book. This book is not yet featured on Listopia. Community Reviews. Showing Average rating 3. Rating details. More filters. Sort order. Shelves: non-fiction. I think everyone should be required to take a Critical Thinking class in high school. This book, or any similar Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric The Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12th edition about the use of logic is something that I urge everyone to read someday. It's been about 25 years since I read it, but I still remember it and often refer back to it This week, an acquaintance's argument that she "fe I think everyone should be required to take a Critical Thinking class in high school. It's been about 25 years since I read it, but I still remember it and often refer back to it This week, an acquaintance's argument that she "felt" something was true because she saw a lot of examples of it around her -- even though statistically she was wrong that it was not a common occurance in general - was the logical fallacy of "provincialism" Before reading this book, I often felt like something I read or heard "didn't sound right" or failed to convince me, but until I had the knowledge and the vocabulary to identify a "straw man argument",I often had a hard time rebutting or even clarifying the problem I had with someone's statement. Critical thinking seems to be a skill that a lot of people lack. The number of people spouting logical fallacies that I encounter every day is simply amazing. Not just coworkers and acquaintances - but politicians, newscasters and many others. These logical fallacies are often intentionally used to mislead and confuse. Understanding logic and its fallacies is vital to being an intelligent and informed person who can communicate effectively. Aug 18, Kohl Gill rated it it was amazing Recommends Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric The Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12th edition for: anyone who values rationality. A great introduction to the mis use of reason. Sep 24, Paul Juniper rated it it was amazing. This book taught me a lot about critical reasoning and judgement. I enjoyed the first half, on formal logic and logical fallacies, but was less interested in the second, on American media, politics, and textbooks. For an edition that was published ina lot of the latter type of content seemed more out of date than you'd expect in just 13 years. I know it's not the authors' fault that the media and political landscapes got so crazy so quickly, but even so. The various "political correctness gone mad" rants have dated particularly badly. Surely this Meh. Surely this: "didn't certain Native Americans make some kind of mistake when they demonstrated during the World Series against the "demeaning symbols" used by the beloved Cleveland Indians and the Atlanta Braves? Or am I committing some kind of logical fallacy in thinking so? There's also a section header that says "History Texts Have Gone Overboard on Multiculturalism", and some other examples of content that for me at least really detracted from the reading experience and turned it into something of a slog. Arguably the best introduction to the subject. Don't be mistaken though. It is an Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric The Use of Reason in Everyday Life 12th edition through and through. This may sound nitpicking but it disturbs me how the authors classify my edition as international yet refer to U. Sep 17, Bruce rated it really liked it. I read the original edition, not the newer revisions, so the examples were mostly older. But since I am also "older," they were still pertinent and I could easily think of modern examples which fit the bill. This book should be the basis for a required course in all liberal arts colleges in America, and in most high schools as well. I'm glad I re-found this in my basement. Apr 01, Marshal Mdeza rated it it was amazing. I first spotted this book in the Malawi Polytechnic Library in ; then in its fourth edition, now in tenth edition.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Informal Logic 25 Years Later the First International Symposium On
    Informal logic 25 years later The First International Symposium on Informal Logic, held on this campus on June 26 to 28, 1978, was a rise to self-consciousness of a newly distinguished sub-field of philosophy. This sub-field differentiated itself through the belief of some philosophy instructors in North American colleges and universities that the traditional introductory logic course was not much good at helping to improve students’ abilities to deal with the arguments they encountered in everyday life and in academic contexts. Courses centred on formal systems–whether the systems of categorical syllogistic and propositional logic done by truth tables or the more comprehensive and up-to-date system of first-order logic–had no relevance to the highly charged debates of the late 1960s and early 1970s about such issues as American military action in Vietnam and the position of women in society. In response, a new kind of textbook began to emerge, often focussed on the informal fallacies, which had been a neglected backwater of the traditional introductory logic course. A pioneer among these textbooks was Howard Kahane’s Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric, subtitled “The Use of Reason in Everyday Life”, the first edition of which was published in 1971 (Kahane 1971); it is now in its ninth edition. Kahane, who gave a paper at the First International Symposium on Informal Logic entitled “The Nature and Classification of Fallacies” (Kahane 1980), died two years ago, on May 2, 2001. The notice of his death in the Proceedings And Addresses of the American Philosophical Association (Hausman et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    CHAPTER 2. PIONEERING INFORMAL LOGIC AND ARGUMENTATION STUDIES ANTHONY J. BLAIR Abstract: This paper traces, in a first-person account, my journey from an assistant professor teaching ethics and political philosophy, through (together with Ralph Johnson) teaching “applied logic”, authoring Logical Self-Defense, organizing the first-ever symposium on informal logic, editing the proceedings, publishing and editing the Informal Logic Newsletter and later the journal Informal Logic, organizing later Windsor conferences, revising Logical Self-Defense; then meeting van Eemeren and Grootendorst, serving on the board of ISSA, and more – during the emergence of informal logic and argumentation theory as scholarly fields. PREFACE The following is an account of my participation in some of the signal developments in the infrastructure supporting the emer- gence of informal logic and argumentation theory in the last quarter of the 20th century. PIONEERING INFORMAL LOGIC AND ARGUMENTATION STUDIES 35 1. BEGINNINGS On September 1st 1967, two months after Canada’s centennial celebrations, I began a 39-year appointment in the University of Windsor philosophy department in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. I was hired out of a doctoral program at the nearby University of Michigan, to teach principally philosophical ethics and political theory (which I did teach, among several other things, through- out). Shortly before the start of the 1972-73 academic year, I was asked to help out with a new course, which my colleague Ralph Johnson had created the previous year that had proven so pop- ular the enrolment had doubled—from 20 to 40, as I recol- lect—causing the opening of a second section (those were the days!).
    [Show full text]
  • Part/Whole Fallacies
    11 If a person dislikes someone else it's ciousness that may be involved in such argu­ lLkely that he will want to have nothing to ments is to be found in the fact that people do. not only with him, but also with the sorts are inclined to consider thoughts and ideas as of things that the other person likes. For being like personal possessions. And since example if Jones dislikes Smith and Smith many people want to distance themselves from sports a moustache and likes to wear tweed the personal posseSSions of those they dislike 'ackets, chances are that Jones will avoid and surround themselves with possessions simi­ ~weed jackets and moustaches. Not only will lar to the possessions of those that they people distance themselves from the sorts of admire, they also want to distance themselves th~ngs their enemies like they will also dis­ from the beliefs (any belief) of those they tance themselves from their thoughts and ideas. dislike and accept the beliefs of those they If 3mith is in favour of capital punishment admire. And of course if anyone were to ig­ for murder and a champion of free enterprise, nore or accept a belief for this sort of rea­ chances are that Jones will be opposed to son he would be reasoning (to the extent that cap~tal punishment and to free enterprise. he could be said to be reasoning) fallaciously . ...'Co FOOTNOTE ~" The same is also true of groups. Fascists were inclined to wear black shirts and cut II.M. Copi, Introduction to Logic (5th their hair short while Communists were in­ ed.), f.1acmillan, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Problems in Argument Analysis and Evaluation
    PROBLEMS IN ARGUMENT ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION Windsor Studies in Argumentation Volume 6 TRUDY GOVIER Windsor Studies in Argumentation Windsor Ontario Canada Problems in Argument Analysis and Evaluation by Trudy Govier & Windsor Studies in Argumentation is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Copyright Trudy Govier and Windsor Studies in Argumentation ISBN 978-0-920233-83-2 CONTENTS WSIA Editors v WSIA Editors' Introduction vii Preface viii 1. Rigor and Reality 1 2. Is a Theory of Argument Possible 20 3. The Great Divide 56 4. Two Unreceived Views about Reasoning and 84 Argument 5. The Problem of Missing Premises 123 6. A Dialogic Exercise 161 7. A New Approach to Charity 203 8. Reasons Why Arguments and Explanations are 242 Different 9. Four Reasons There are No Fallacies? 271 10. Formalism and Informalism in Theories of 311 Reasoning and Argument 11. Critical Thinking in the Armchair, the Classroom, 349 and the Lab 12. Critical Thinking about Critical Thinking Tests 377 13. The Social Epistemology of Argument 413 WSIA EDITORS Editors in Chief Leo Groarke (Trent University) Christopher Tindale (University of Windsor) Board of Editors Mark Battersby (Capilano University) Camille Cameron (Dalhousie University) Emmanuelle Danblon (Université libre de Bruxelles) Ian Dove (University of Nevada Las Vegas) Bart Garssen (University of Amsterdam) Michael Gilbert (York University) David Godden (Michigan State University) Jean Goodwin (North Carolina State University) Hans V. Hansen (University of Windsor) Gabrijela Kišiček (University of Zagreb) Marcin Koszowy (University of Białystok) Marcin Lewiński (New University of Lisbon) Catherine H. Palczewski (University of Northern Iowa) Chris Reed (University of Dundee) Andrea Rocci (University of Lugano) Paul van den Hoven (Tilburg University) Cristián Santibáñez Yáñez (Diego Portales University) Igor Ž.
    [Show full text]
  • LIBROS SOBRE ASPECTOS MÉDICOS Y MATEMÁTICOS DEL HOMO SAPIENS- AUTORES PROF
    LIBROS SOBRE ASPECTOS MÉDICOS y MATEMÁTICOS DEL HOMO SAPIENS- AUTORES PROF. DR. ENRIQUE BARMAIMON Y PROF. JAVIER FERNÁNDEZ R.- 3 TOMOS - AÑO 2019.8- -TOMO I- - LIBROS SOBRE ASPECTOS MÉDICOS Y MATEMÁTICOS DEL HOMO SAPIENS- -AUTORES: PROF. DR. ENRIQUE BARMAIMON Y PROF. MATEMÁTICAS JAVIER FERNANDEZ R. - 3 TOMOS - AÑO 2019.8 - - TOMO I - -AÑO 2019- 1ª Edición Virtual: ( AÑO 2019. 7)- - MONTEVIDEO, URUGUAY.- 1 LIBROS SOBRE ASPECTOS MÉDICOS y MATEMÁTICOS DEL HOMO SAPIENS- AUTORES PROF. DR. ENRIQUE BARMAIMON Y PROF. JAVIER FERNÁNDEZ R.- 3 TOMOS - AÑO 2019.8- -TOMO I- - Queda terminantemente prohibido reproducir este libro en forma escrita y virtual, total o parcialmente, por cualquier medio, sin la autorización previa del autor. - Derechos reservados. 1ª Edición. Año 2019. Impresión [email protected]. - email: [email protected].; [email protected]. -Montevideo, 15 de agosto de 2019. - Biblioteca Virtual de Salud del S. M.U. 2 LIBROS SOBRE ASPECTOS MÉDICOS y MATEMÁTICOS DEL HOMO SAPIENS- AUTORES PROF. DR. ENRIQUE BARMAIMON Y PROF. JAVIER FERNÁNDEZ R.- 3 TOMOS - AÑO 2019.8- -TOMO I- - TOMO I - 3 LIBROS SOBRE ASPECTOS MÉDICOS y MATEMÁTICOS DEL HOMO SAPIENS- AUTORES PROF. DR. ENRIQUE BARMAIMON Y PROF. JAVIER FERNÁNDEZ R.- 3 TOMOS - AÑO 2019.8- -TOMO I- - ÍNDICE. - TOMO I - - PROLOGO - INTRODUCCIÓN. - TOMO III - -- CAPÍTULO I: -1)- ANTROPOLOGÍA. -1.1)- Generalidades . -1.2)- Antecedentes -1.3)- Historia. -1.4)- El Objeto de Estudio Antropológico. -1.5)- Campos de Acción de la Antropología . -1.6)- Ramas y Subramas. -1.7)- El Origen de la Pregunta Antropológica. -1-7.1)- Antropología Moderna -1.8)- Historia de la Antropología -1.8.1)- Nacimiento Institucional de la Antropología.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fallacy of Composition and Meta-Argumentation" (2013)
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Scholarship at UWindsor University of Windsor Scholarship at UWindsor OSSA Conference Archive OSSA 10 May 22nd, 9:00 AM - May 25th, 5:00 PM The fallacy of composition and meta- argumentation Maurice A. Finocchiaro University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Department of Philosophy Follow this and additional works at: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/ossaarchive Part of the Philosophy Commons Finocchiaro, Maurice A., "The fallacy of composition and meta-argumentation" (2013). OSSA Conference Archive. 48. http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/ossaarchive/OSSA10/papersandcommentaries/48 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences at Scholarship at UWindsor. It has been accepted for inclusion in OSSA Conference Archive by an authorized conference organizer of Scholarship at UWindsor. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The fallacy of composition and meta-argumentation MAURICE A. FINOCCHIARO Department of Philosophy University of Nevada, Las Vegas Las Vegas, NV 89154-5028 USA [email protected] ABSTRACT: Although the fallacy of composition is little studied and trivially illustrated, some view it as ubiquitous and paramount. Furthermore, although definitions regard the concept as unproblematic, it contains three distinct elements, often confused. And although some scholars apparently claim that fallacies are figments of a critic’s imagination, they are really proposing to study fallacies in the context of meta-argumentation. Guided by these ideas, I discuss the important historical example of Michels’s iron law of oligarchy. KEYWORDS: democracy, economic fallacies, fallacy of composition, logical theory, meta- argumentation, oligarchy, parts vs.
    [Show full text]
  • DISSOCIATION in REASONING and ARGUMENTATION by Takuzo
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by D-Scholarship@Pitt DISSOCIATION IN REASONING AND ARGUMENTATION by Takuzo Konishi BA in Literature, Waseda University, 1994 Master of Arts in Communication, Wayne State University, 1999 Master of Arts in Philosophy, University of Windsor, 2000 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Communication University of Pittsburgh 2014 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Takuzo Konishi It was defended on February 20, 2014 and approved by John Lyne, Professor, Department of Communication E. Johanna Hartelius, Assistant Professor, Department of Communication Nicholas Rescher, Professor, Department of Philosophy Merrilee H. Salmon, Emeritus Professor, Department of Philosophy Dissertation Advisor: Gordon R. Mitchell, Associate Professor, Department of Communication ii Copyright © by Takuzo Konishi 2014 iii DISSOCIATION IN REASONING AND ARGUMENTATION Takuzo Konishi, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2014 This dissertation inquires into the nature of dissociation – a maneuver through which a single entity is subdivided and arranged according to a hierarchy – as proposed by Chaim Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca. Drawing on their New Rhetoric Project, Perelman’s regressive philosophy, and research on argumentation schemes, I develop ways of conceptualizing, analyzing, and appraising dissociation as it is utilized in reasoning and argument in natural language. I first examine Chaim Perelman’s regressive philosophy to better situate argumentation in relation to demonstration, then delineate the Project’s framework of argumentation as constituted by a speaker, an audience, and an argumentative discourse.
    [Show full text]
  • A Narrative Account of Argumentation Khamaiel Al
    A NARRATIVE ACCOUNT OF ARGUMENTATION KHAMAIEL AL TAMIMI A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN PHILOSOPHY YORK UNIVERSITY TORONTO, ONTARIO DECEMBER 2017 © Khamaiel Al Tamimi, 2017 ABSTRACT In this dissertation I attempt to accomplish three goals. The first goal is to develop a narrative account of argumentation. I show that storytelling serves as a legitimate mode of argumentation. Further, I develop an account of narrative argument based on generalized features of narrative and a conception of argument that is rhetorical and in line with Charles Willard’s notion of argument as an interaction (1989). I identify features of narrative argument that enable narrative to function as an argument and thus to provide reasons for a claim in the context of disagreement. As a result, I synthesize literatures on narrative and argumentation to provide a definition of narrative argument. The second goal of the dissertation is to argue for maintaining the narrative as a process without reconstructing the narrative into the dominant model of argument, the Critical-Logical Model. In this part of the dissertation, I further elaborate on the definition of narrative argument and argue that narrative argument must be understood as a process, and not as a product of argument. While the product view focuses on the form and structure of an argument as being linear, explicit, and containing premises and a conclusion, and thus treats arguments as things, the process view focuses on the whole act of arguing, thus highlighting the importance of the context of argumentation and the people involved.
    [Show full text]
  • Informal Logic: a 'Canadian' Approach to Argument
    Informal Logic: A 'Canadian' Approach to Argument INFORMAL LOGIC: A 'CANADIAN' APPROACH TO ARGUMENT FEDERIC O PUPPO Windsor Studies in Argumentation Windsor, ON Editorial and formatting assistance provided by Tamilyn Mulvaney. Cover Image “School of Fish” by Thomas Quine was generously made available under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/File:School_of_fish_(29627924482).jpg) Permission to reproduce previously published works has been obtained from the rights holder(s). Please refer to the Acknowledgements section of each chapter for more details. Copyright (2019) Windsor Studies in Argumentation & the original authors, unless otherwise noted. Windsor Studies In Argumentation Centre for Research in Reasoning, Argumentation and Rhetoric University of Windsor 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada Digital Edition of this book are available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 License. ISBN: 978-0-920233-91-7 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1 Federico Puppo 2. Pioneering Informal Logic and Argumentation 35 Studies Anthony J. Blair 3. Formal Models 61 John Woods 4. The Problem of Missing Premisses 104 David Hitchcock 5. Are There Methods of Informal Logic? 130 Hans V. Hansen 6. Duets, Cartoons, and Tragedies: Struggles with 153 the Fallacy of Composition Trudy Govier 7. The Dialectical Tier Revisited 176 Ralph H. Johnson 8. How the Context of Dialogue of an Argument 196 Influences its Evaluation Douglas Walton 9. Inquiry: A Dialectical Approach to Teaching Criti- 234 cal Thinking Sharon Bailin and Mark Battersby 10. Argumentation and the Force of Reasons 251 Robert C. Pinto 11. Aggression, Politeness, and Abstract Adversaries 287 Catherine Hundleby 12. MULTI-MODAL 2010: Multi-Modal Argumenta- 313 tion 20 Years Later Michael A.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Formal Logic Is Essential for Critical Thinking}
    Why Formal Logic is Essential for Critical Thinking} DONALD HATCHER Baker University Abstract: After critiquing the arguments Resume: Je critique les arguments against using formal logic to teach critical avances contre I'usage de la logique thinking, this paper argues that for theoreti­ formelle dans la formation de la pensee cal, practical, and empirical reasons, instruc­ critique. Ensuite j'avance des raisons tion in the fundamentals of formal logic is theoriques, pratiques et empiriques pour essential for critical thinking, and so should montrer que I' enseignement des rudiments be included in every class that purports to de la logique formelle est essen tiel a une teach critical thinking. telle formation, et que ceux-ci devraient donc s'enseigner dans tous les cours censes de former la pensee critique. Keywords: critical thinking, formal logic, informal logic, composition, critical writing, critical thinking assessment, critical thinking pedagogy 1. Introduction In a time when the nature and value of rationality have come into question, when minds, both young and old, appear to be ruled more by the forces of media manipulation or political rhetoric than by rational reflection, and when, according to a survey by the National Science Foundation, more Americans believe in as­ trology than in evolution, the critical thinking movement appeared to be the long­ awaited voice of sanity crying in a wilderness of irrationality. The very idea that large numbers of educators from across the disciplines were unabashedly claim­ ing that students
    [Show full text]
  • Channels of Propaganda. INSTITUTION ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading, English, and Communication, Bloomington, IN
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 372 461 CS 508 673 AUTHOR Sproule, J. Michael TITLE Channels of Propaganda. INSTITUTION ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading, English, and Communication, Bloomington, IN. SPONS AGENCY Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. REPORT NO ISBN-0-927516-61-6 PUB DATE 94 CONTRACT RR93002011 NOTE 391p.; Published with EDINFO Press. AVAILABLE FROM ERIC/EDINFO Press, Indiana University, P.O. Box 5953, Bloomington, IN 47407 (paperback: ISBN-0-927516-61-6; $24.95; clothbound: ISBN-0-927516-34-9, $39.95; 10% shipping/handling; Indiana residents add 5% state sales tax). shipping/handling; Indiana residents add 57. states sales tax). PUB TYPE Information Analyses ERIC Clearinghouse Products (071) Viewpoints (Opinion/Position Papers, Essays, etc.) (120) -- Reports Evaluative/Feasibility (142) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC16 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Business; Democratic Values; Elementary Secondary Education; Federal Government; Higher Education; Information Sources; *Mass Media Role; *Mass Media Use; *Persuasive Discourse; Political Attitudes; *Political Issues; *Propaganda; Public Opinion; Public Relations; Religious Factors IDENTIFIERS Educational Issues; Media Government Relationship; Propaganda Analysis; Public Interest; Researcher Role; Rhetorical Strategies; Special Interest Groups ABSTRACT Defining propaganda as "efforts by special interests to win over the public covertly by infiltrating messages into various channels of public expression ordinarily viewed as politically neutral," this book argues that propaganda has become pervasive in American Life. Pcinting out that the 1990s society is inundated with propaganda from numerous sources (including government, business, researchers, religious groups, the news media, educators, and the entertainment industry) the book exposes these channels of propaganda and the cumulative effect they have on public opinion and the functioning of American democracy.
    [Show full text]
  • Responses John Nolt's Inductive Reasoning Test
    30 responses John Nolt's Inductive Reasoning Test Howard Kahane University of Maryland Baltimore County It seems to me that John Nolt is right in his re­ But consider another sort of inductive reasoning: marks concerning teaching informal logic students about deductive validity/invalidity through the no­ All crows examined so far have been black. tions of valid and invalid deductive forms: that ••• All crows whatsoever are black. doesn't work very well. And I think he's right that a better way to teach about deductive validity is to Using Nolt's possible worlds method, we must con­ get students to "regard an argument as valid just clude that this inference is quite weak, since its in case the simultaneous truth of its premises and conclusion is false in a large percentage of the logic­ falsity of its conclusion cannot coherently be con­ ally possible worlds in which its premise is true. ceived." (I intend to make the 5th edition of my own Yet intuitively, the inference is quite strong. (How text conform to his insight.) strong depends on things like the size of our sample, etc., but not on the number of logically possible But Nolt's ideas about assessing the various worlds that are one way or another.) strengths of inductive reasonings, while very inter­ esting, and effective for some kinds of inductive arguments, do not work correctly in generaL' Nolt illustrates his theory by a one premise argu­ ment. Roughly, his method is to take the percentage Note of logically possible worlds in which the premise is true and the conclusion also is true, compare this to all the possible worlds in which the premise is true, and consider the percentage obtained in this way to 'The reason is related, interestingly, to disputes be the strength of the inductive reasoning.
    [Show full text]